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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Information technology economic aspects; mathematical models"
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Rulev, Alexander, e Gleb Rulev. "Ecological and Economic Aspects of Land Desertification". Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ekonomika, n. 3 (dicembre 2019): 158–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/ek.jvolsu.2019.3.14.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Agricultural lands of the Russian Federation are intensively subjected to degradation and desertification as a result of irrational economic activity, which, against the background of unfavorable climatic factors, led to the destruction of natural ecosystems, degradation of the soil cover and ultimately to the creation of the unfavorable ecological environment. About 65 % of 130 million hectares of arable land, are exposed to water and wind erosion. Only by water erosion, 10 % of arable land lost 30–60 % of fertility and almost 25 % lost 10–30 %. As a result of deflation 25million hectares of agricultural land in the European part of the Russian Federation are degraded to varying degrees. The concept of the anti-degradation arrangement proposes to use environmental-economic geoinformational monitoring. Within the framework of this approach, the development of cartographic and mathematical models in three time environments is proposed: pre-agricultural, modern degraded, and certainly improved condition. The ecological and economic analysis makes it possible to synthesize information flows and analyze the most important degradation processes. The most important tool for implementing ther adaptive-landscape anti-degradation arrangement of agricultural landscapes is precision farming, which consists of several subsystems: decision-making, monitoring, agronomic techniques, specialized equipment, etc. Computer technologies and telecommunications allow to speed up and optimize production by combining technology and people, which helps reduce costs. Precision agriculture is impossible without using modern advances in collecting, processing and storage of various, often heterogeneous, agricultural information.
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Kazaryan, R., N. Galaeva, R. Avetisyan e Sh Aliev. "Building lifecycle management based on 4D modelling as the main workspace for building risk assessment". E3S Web of Conferences 224 (2020): 02023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202022402023.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The use of information technology in the management of construction projects has become a decisive factor for the successful completion of projects, taking into account time, quality and financial costs. There are challenges in visualizing the planning process and integrating information between stakeholders. The paper considers some aspects of the development trend of information technology in construction. The element base, including the risks arising during the design and construction, associated with the direct use of computer and mathematical models of the object in the design is considered. The generated information models will provide basic information for the participants in the design process, which ultimately will be the basis of the element base of an effective tool for ensuring project life cycle management. The following methods were used: system analysis, logical-mathematical modelling, systems theory, economic-visual modelling, research methods of operations, economic and mathematical methods. A basic block diagram of 4D modelling is presented to minimize the occurrence of risks during design. The model allows considering the possibility of assessing the duration of the project, the level of labour productivity, as well as visualizing the construction process. The presented analysis indicates the importance of using 4D modelling in relation to the life cycle of the object in order to prevent the possibility of construction risks.
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Bril, M. S., e I. V. Pyvavar. "Technologies for Researching the Level of Economic Sustainability of Regional System". Business Inform 2, n. 517 (2021): 119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-2-119-130.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article contains the results of theoretical and practical aspects of researching the level of economic sustainability of regional systems. The conception of modeling the sustainability of the economic system of regional system is proposed, an aggregate of models for determining the level of the economic sustainability of region is formed. The research is aimed at improving the instrumentarium of systemic assessment and forecasting of economic sustainability of regional systems in strategic, tactical and operational directions, allowing to increase the efficiency of the State regulation in conditions of insustainability, inequality and deformed self-organization of regional socio-economic systems, as well as to obtain synergistic effect in ensuring the parameters of mutually coordinated development of components of economic sustainability of region. Taking into account the modern instrumentarium of methods and models for assessing and analyzing the economic sustainability of regional system, a conceptual methodological basis is proposed, the innovative nature of which consists in the application of the methodology of project analysis and business processes, instruments of economic and mathematical modeling, reflecting various systemic aspects according to a number of criteria and components, among which are distinguished the following: financial, technical and technological, personnel and intellectual, communication and information components. The proposed technology for assessing the level of economic sustainability of region includes three stages of research: formation of a set of models to determine the components of assessing the economic sustainability of region; diagnostics of environment threats and modeling of their impact on the level of economic sustainability of region; forecasting the level of sustainability of the regional system. The proposed methodological basis for assessing the economic sustainability of the regional system allows to quickly and adequately solve the problems of diagnosing sustainability and to form managerial decisions for the response of the economic system to the impact of external and internal threats.
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Villena-Martínez, Esteban Manuel, Paola Andrea Alvizuri-Tintaya, Jaime Lora-Garcia, Juan Ignacio Torregrosa-López e Vanesa Gladys Lo-Iacono-Ferreira. "A Comparative Analysis of Statistical Models and Mathematics in Reverse Osmosis Evaluation Processes as a Search Path to Achieve Better Efficiency". Water 14, n. 16 (12 agosto 2022): 2485. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14162485.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
An effective alternative for water purification is reverse osmosis (RO). Laboratory-scale RO modeling is widely applied worldwide, and allows the evaluation of the behavior of the system to find the most convenient operating variables to be applied in future industrial scale-ups. Statistical models provide a wide range of information that allows a statistical prediction of the operation of the plant, and allows us to obtain efficiency indices in its development; these are useful in the planning, operation and monitoring process in RO plants. The mathematical models describe the physical behavior of the membrane and allow the identification of optimal operating conditions, taking into account economic aspects, guaranteeing a greater implementation of RO technology in developing countries which have problems with water contaminated with toxic heavy metals. The present work shows a review of different statistical and mathematical models, and the suitability of these in the analysis of RO in the separation of heavy metals in drinking water that can be applied in countries with serious environmental problems. Bolivia and several river basins, such as the Guadalquivir and Milluni, present this type of problem. A comparative method is proposed to establish the advantages and selection criteria to apply the different models in RO.
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Roscher, Bjarne Erik, e Volker Nissen. "The Influence of Demographic Variables on Empirical Studies Concerning Cio Gender". Humanities and Social Sciences: Latvia 29, n. 2 (dicembre 2021): 52–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/hssl.29.2.04.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Companies are more and more dependent on information technology (IT) and the buzzword digitization is present everywhere. Some companies are inventing new business models based on disruptive innovation supported by information technology. Others adapt these business models as followers. All these new business processes and underlying information technology need to be managed, serviced, and supported by IT organizations to ensure business continuity. Traditionally heads of the IT department have been fully responsible for all aspects of IT usage in the company – including IT cost, IT governance, IT & process planning and implementation and IT operation. This results in the fact that there is a need of more intensive business-IT alignment to ensure the adequacy of the overall IT architecture in a company and ensure the economic value contribution of IT as a whole. In the last two decades researchers have investigated the area of CIO effectiveness by doing empirical research looking at IT roles/tasks, interaction and strategic importance of IT, personal background of CIOs. As a side effect some researchers have constructed and used demographic variables both as control and causal variables. This article looks on the comparability and the source of such demographic data especially on the case of Gender information and highest academic title. It also discusses the question if survey results could be compared with representative datasets to evaluate validity of the sample and responses of empirical studies.
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Лазаренко, Ірина Сергіївна, Станіслав Васильович Салоїд, Світлана Олександрівна Тульчинська, Сергій Олександрович Кириченко e Ростислав Володимирович Тульчинський. "NECESSITY OF IMPLEMENTATING DATA SCIENCE COURSE IN ECONOMICS CURRICULA". Information Technologies and Learning Tools 78, n. 4 (11 settembre 2020): 132–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.33407/itlt.v78i4.3505.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article describes the relevance and feasibility of implementation Data Science courses for leading economics majors: 051 Economics, 075 Marketing, 073 Management. Application of computer technology, mathematical methods and models, statistical analysis in the study process for economics students became routine long time ago, then why is Data Science linked mostly only to the faculties of information technologies? The specificity of economic professions requires the acquisition of skills in the work with large data sets, qualitative evaluation of statistics, predicting a large number of economic phenomena, so the economist of the future should be not only a specialist in the main subject area, but also a specialist in Big Data and Data Mining. The study outlines the underlying background for essential changes. The article analyzes relevant educational and professional programs, blocks of disciplines, providing qualitative assimilation of new information by students and acquisition of those abilities and skills that are needed by the modern specialist in the field of economy and will form student as a serious competitor in the labor market. It has been conducted the analysis of modern international commercial on-line courses, specifying the topics and aspects necessary for the future economics graduates. The logical scheme of Data Science specialties introduction which follows the relevant cycle of the existing disciplines of general and professional training is proposed. Mastering the knowledge of qualitative data analysis and tools for optimal work with them should be one of the main tasks of the methodological system of education and research at the faculties of economics. Modern educational technologies and scientific facilities of universities should help to expand the understanding and perception of the economist, marketologist, and manager profession, because the digital advertising, SMM, social networks, online applications, project management, State in a Smartphone, and other rapid transformations encourage to train not classic specialists, but universals who will be able to adapt quickly to the needs of the future.
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Petrenko, Anna, Nina Petrukha, Hanna Ryzhakova, Tetyana Marchuk, Oksana Malykhina e Dmytro Prykhodko. "CHOICE OF BUDGETING IMPERATIVES FOR INVESTMENT AND CONSTRUCTION PROJECT AS A DIRECTION OF IMPROVING THE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF THE ENTERPRISE". Management of Development of Complex Systems, n. 46 (24 giugno 2021): 108–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2412-9933.2021.46.108-111.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article is devoted to the definition of features and directions of increasing the efficiency of enterprise management with the help of budgeting technology. Research of theoretical and methodological, organizational and practical aspects of budgeting process management is implemented through the introduction of software products. On the theoretical basis of the formation of budgets of enterprises, which are considered from the standpoint of the implementation of management activities through the implementation of management functions: planning, organization, coordination, motivation and control. The stages, sources of information security and features of budgeting in modern conditions are defined. The need for budget activities of enterprises at the strategic and tactical levels. Effective budget execution is proposed to increase the competitiveness of enterprises. The article presents further improvement of software implementation based on software budgeting technologies, which are integrated into it SyteLine Budgeting technology (the process of budgeting based on the synthesis of business process management systems). This technique is an effective alternative to traditional structural resource budgeting and is relevant for companies that are on the path of business process reengineering and application of economic and mathematical models of optimal choice, which will allow the company to develop specific tactical (operational) tasks to form a budgeting system. significantly reduce the complexity of budgeting at both the operational level and strategic management. Scientific principles and practical recommendations formulated in the work allow to increase the efficiency of management of organizations of all forms of ownership and activity by creating an automated budget system at the level of divisions and operational processes of the company, which will develop budgeting and methodological approaches to its formation, in particular, with the use of the normative budget of the project.
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Rezghdeh, Keyvan, e Sajjad Shokouhyar. "A six-dimensional model for supply chain sustainability risk analysis in telecommunication networks: a case study". Modern Supply Chain Research and Applications 2, n. 4 (19 maggio 2020): 211–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mscra-09-2019-0018.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
PurposeThe main purpose of the present study was to improve and develop previously proposed models for Iran telecommunication networks. It should be noted that the six-dimensional (6D) sustainability model used in this study will be a useful and comprehensive model for industries. Since, the new dimension of IT along with the five well-known economic, social, environmental, technical and institutional aspects of organizations is considered to have great impacts on supply chain sustainability; the proposed framework can be practical.Design/methodology/approachAccording to the related literature review, there are two research streams in supply chain management. The first stream is exploratory research, seeking out conceptual discussions in this area. The second one is associated with mathematical models and techniques, aiming to set decision-making rules in this regard (Agrell et al., 2004). In this study, evaluation was performed using the FMEA method as an analytical technique based on the principle of pre-occurrence prevention to identify potential failure factors in sensitive systems (Mohammadfam and Kianfari, 2008).FindingsAfter identifying the risks and causes of the incidence and effects and consequences of risks, preventive and risk control measures and advisory strategies were presented. Customers with 45.76% share in critical risks are threatening to maintain supply chain in these companies. During this study, it was found that 33.9% of the main source of supply chain critical risks was customers, constituting 45.76% of such risks, accompanied by organization, having a 38.88% share of critical risk generation. The study findings also revealed that 33.9% of critical risks were mainly (equally) related to economic and technical aspects of supply chain sustainability in telecommunication networks. Moreover, as a newly-introduced sixth dimension, IT represented 10.17% of critical risks threatening supply chain sustainability in such networks. Critical risks are mainly related to the economic and technical aspects (equally) with the sustainability of the telecommunication networks supply chain. Also, as a new finding and the sixth dimension, 10.17% of the critical risks that threaten the sustainability of the telecommunication networks supply chain have the information technology dimension.Originality/valueThe internet and fixed and mobile data services are provided by several private companies in Iran, which are relatively similar in terms of their supply chains. In order to manage the sustainability of Iran's telecommunication supply chain, telecommunication networks affiliated to Iran Telecommunication Company (ITC), operating in the field of data and internet services and fixed telephone were selected in 31 provinces. The intended networks were also providing an important part of the country's needs including Mobile Telecommunication Company of Iran, a subsidiary of Iran's telecommunication networks, as one of the top companies in this industry. Accordingly, all the networks studied in this study needed to be identified with regard to communication sustainability risks, since they provide management solutions to each other by segregating risks. In this study, 68 managers and 72 experts participated in different work teams of telecommunication networks.
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Chen, Cheng, Bin Xu, Jong-Hoon Yang e Mi Liu. "Sentiment Analysis of Animated Film Reviews Using Intelligent Machine Learning". Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022 (20 luglio 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8517205.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Film is an essential expression of a country’s cultural soft power in terms of cross-cultural exchange. In addition, film is also the most direct and favourable means of communication. Along with the expansion and development of the Chinese film market, outstanding animation films have emerged in recent years. Animated films have both artistic and commercial properties and can not only have a cultural impact but can also contribute to economic growth. For this reason, our country is now paying more and more attention to the development of animated films. Specifically, animated films not only represent a country’s cultural soft power and national image, but they are also a symbol of the strength of a country’s cultural industry. As a reflection and extension of China’s culture and ideology, animated films play an important role in enhancing cultural confidence and cultural export. In recent years, China’s economy has shown a steady and sustained growth trend. At the same time, with the rapid development of internet technology, social networking has gradually penetrated into all aspects of people’s lives. Various social networking forums, websites, and sites have emerged. While satisfying a wide range of needs, they also provide information on product reviews, social reviews, and service reviews. These reviews contain feedback from the reviewer about the subject of the review. Tapping into the emotions in these reviews can provide consumers with shopping references and help businesses to optimise their products and improve their business strategies. With the help of modern internet technology and information technology, the modern movie industry, such as Cat’s Eye Movies and other internet entertainment service platforms, has developed a model of online ticketing, offline movie viewing, and online reviews and feedback. The content of the reviews on these movie websites fully reflects the attitudinal views of the movie-going community. These reviews play a decisive role in the box office and the further spread of culture. As a result, in order to better understand the audience’s emotional tendencies and needs, it is necessary to carry out sentiment analysis and deep semantic mining of animated film reviews. As the evaluation of film works considers many factors and is complex and variable, the choice of model is crucial in the process of sentiment analysis. Machine learning models represented by deep neural networks are more tolerant of sentence noise and have strong information discrimination and feature self-learning capabilities. As a result, intelligent machine learning is more advantageous for sentiment classification tasks. This study is a combination of textual data mining and statistical analysis from the perspective of viewers’ comments to study the online reviews of animation films from different countries. At the same time, this research hopes to uncover meaningful information from the film reviews and the gap between Chinese and other countries’ animation films, in order to provide a little help for the rise of domestic animation films.
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Minaev, V. A., V. M. Pizengolts, A. O. Faddeev, A. Y. Bystryakov, E. V. Savenkova e E. V. Kruglikova. "Modern information and mathematical models in construction industry". E3S Web of Conferences 116 (2019): 00051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911600051.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Building information modelling (BIM) – new technology of construction object information maintenance. It allows specifying influence of changes and risks made in it (including geodynamic) at all stages of lifecycle. Objects include products, building equipment, technological platform, the building, engineering, transportation networks and systems of building communication. The model expands possibilities of innovative technologies implementation, allowing creating reasoned economic decisions.
Tesi sul tema "Information technology economic aspects; mathematical models"
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Nault, Barrie R. "Modelling strategic information technology impact on inter-firm competition: pricing". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30787.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This research studies normative pricing strategies for information technology (IT) used by suppliers to supplement an underlying primary good. Transactions with consumers and customer firms are considered. Characteristics of IT are divided into IT impacts on customers, and IT impacts on suppliers. IT impacts on customers include vertical differentiation or reduced turnover costs for the primary good, and positive IT adoption costs. IT impacts on suppliers include reduced production costs for the primary good, and the costs of IT. Optimal pricing for the IT and the primary good is modelled for monopoly, and Bertrand competition based on IT and the primary good is modelled for oligopoly. Two part tariffs are used for the IT and IT enhanced primary good. Results of pricing to consumers show that the fixed component of an optimal (or equilibrium) two part tariff can either be a net tax or a net subsidy, confirming the possibility of taxed or subsidized IT adoption. For the monopolist offering the IT and IT enhanced primary good only, the consumer's adoption/switching cost limits the possible subsidy. Consistent with previous economics research, in a duopoly where one supplier has IT, the IT supplier abandons the original primary good. Two suppliers with identical IT cannot attain a positive profit equilibrium. Analogous results obtain for a special case of pricing to customer firms. Empirical results support differential (premium) pricing for an IT enhanced primary good over an original good.Business, Sauder School of
Operations and Logistics (OPLOG), Division of
Graduate
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Regnier, Eva Dorothy. "Discounted cash flow methods and environmental decisions". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24544.
Testo completo
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Saddler, Clare Amelia. "Quantitative methods for investment decisions in communication networks". Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/63565.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis explored two investment decisions in optical networks: the option to build new infrastructure, and the option to increase capacity on an existing link. Within this framework, two pertinent issues for the information communications technology (ICT) industry were considered: decreasing investment costs and demand saturation.Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Adelaide, School of Mathematical Sciences, 2006
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"Barriers to international capital mobility with asymmetric information". 2002. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5891296.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Wong Chi Leung.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 98-99).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Abstract --- p.i
Acknowledgement --- p.iii
Table of Contents --- p.iv
Chapter Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter Chapter 2. --- The Model --- p.6
Chapter 2.1. --- Environment --- p.6
Chapter 2.2. --- Autarkic equilibrium --- p.9
Chapter 2.3. --- Equilibrium with unfettered international capital mobility --- p.14
Figures of Chapter 2 --- p.20
Chapter Chapter 3. --- Regarding Asymmetric Information Problem as a Subsidy --- p.23
Chapter 3.1. --- Equilibrium without differential degree in asymmetric information --- p.23
Chapter 3.2. --- Simulating asymmetric information by a subsidy --- p.26
Figures of Chapter 3 --- p.29
Chapter Chapter 4. --- Barrier as a Policy Instrument --- p.30
Chapter 4.1. --- Introduction to barrier policy --- p.30
Chapter 4.2. --- Fixing southern investment target --- p.32
Chapter 4.3. --- Possibility of the stabilization policy to improve both countries' steady states --- p.36
Chapter 4.4. --- Time-invarying barrier for attaining long-run target --- p.44
Chapter 4.5. --- Inducing worldwide optimal path --- p.50
Chapter 4.6. --- Precluding poverty trap --- p.56
Figures of Chapter 4 --- p.59
Chapter Chapter 5. --- Welfare --- p.66
Chapter 5.1. --- Welfare effects at the agent level --- p.66
Chapter 5.2. --- Welfare effects at the country level: introduction --- p.68
Chapter 5.3. --- Next-period welfare effects at the country level: the South erects the policy --- p.70
Chapter 5.4. --- Steady-state welfare effects at the country level: the South erects the policy --- p.73
Chapter 5.5. --- Next-period welfare effects at the country level: the North erects the policy --- p.75
Chapter 5.6. --- Steady-state welfare effects at the country level: the North erects the policy --- p.78
Figures of Chapter 5 --- p.83
Chapter Chapter 6. --- Epilogue --- p.84
"Table of results: a comparison with Espinosa-Vega, Smith and Yip (2000)" --- p.87
Appendix --- p.90
Appendix A --- p.90
Appendix B --- p.90
Appendix C --- p.91
Appendix D --- p.95
References --- p.98
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Misiorek, Violetta Iwona. "Controlling processes with reference to costs, item price and process evolution". Thesis, 1998. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/18194/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis presents some recent work of the author in developing the analysis
of a number of process control models that take into account statistical, economic and
other practical issues. Special attention is paid to the problem of optimum selection the initial process mean setting, with particular reference to filling/canning processes.
As there are many different situations that involve different cost parameters, this leads
to the consideration of various models each with their own particular solution. The
effects of change of the process variance on the optimal solution as well as on the
expected profit are discussed. Implications to 'Weights and Measures' requirements of
following this optimality path are provided, with particular reference to loss in
expected profit per item.
Chapter 1 provides a brief introduction and is followed by a literature review
in Chapter 2.
Chapter 3 deals with the issue of selecting the optimum process mean by
presenting a simple model and emphasising the dependencies between the process
parameters.
Chapter 4 further investigates the problem presented in Chapter 3 and presents
several models for which the selection of the most profitable process setting is
considered, concentrating on a canning problem. Various industrial filling processes
are described and some of the issues considered include: waste, overfill, top-up, and
the penalty costs for items that initially fail to meet specifications.
Chapter 5 discusses Weights and Measures requirements in connection with a
canning process. Both Australian requirements and OIML International recommendations are discussed. The Australian requirements are also compared with
the requirements of the European Economic Community as well as the United States.
Chapter 6 illustrates the potential use of the models developed in chapter 4 by
giving an industrial example and again discussing the implications to Weights and
Measures requirements.
In Chapter 7 the problem of an optimal selection of the initial process mean is
examined for a process with a linear shift. Special focus is on the economic benefits
obtained from reducing process standard deviation and the rate of change of the mean.
Conclusions and some suggestions for future work are provided in chapter 8.
Parts of chapter 4, 5 and 6 form the contents of a paper, 'Mean Selection for
Various Types of Filling Process with Implications to 'Weights and Measures'
Requirements', undergoing revision for publication in the Journal of Quality
Technology.
Libri sul tema "Information technology economic aspects; mathematical models"
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Wilimowska, Zofia. Information systems architecture and technology: Application of information technologies in management systems. Wrocław: Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej, 2007.
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Wilimowska, Zofia. Information systems architecture and technology: Models of the organisation's risk management. Wrocław: Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej, 2008.
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Gallini, Nancy Theresa. Technology transfer under asymmetric information. Toronto: Dept. of Economics; Institute for Policy Analysis, University of Toronto, 1988.
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Hightower, Ross T. Diffusion of information technology in organizations: A test of Roger's optional adoption-decision model. Ann Arbor, Mich: UMI Dissertation Services, 2001.
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Chiao, Benjamin. The rules of standard setting organizations: An empirical analysis. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2005.
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Comin, Diego. World technology usage lags. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2006.
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Abdulaev, O. M. Avtomatizirovannye informatsionnye tekhnologii v reshenii ekonomicheskikh zadach. Tashkent: "Fan va texnologiya", 2004.
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Jensen, Richard. Tariffs with private information and reputation. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1989.
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Karagiannis, Stelios. The knowledge-based economy, convergence and economic growth: Evidence from the European Union. Athens, Greece: Centre of Planning and Economic Research, 2007.
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Stone, Steven W. A spatial model of forest conversion using a geographic information system. Ithaca, N.Y: Dept. of Agricultural Economics, New York State College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, 1993.
Cerca il testo completoCapitoli di libri sul tema "Information technology economic aspects; mathematical models"
1
Fisher, William P. "Measurement Systems, Brilliant Processes, and Exceptional Results in Healthcare: Untapped Potentials of Person-Centered Outcome Metrology for Cultivating Trust". In Springer Series in Measurement Science and Technology, 357–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07465-3_12.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractAn historic shift in focus on the quality and person-centeredness of health care has occurred in the last two decades. Accounts of results produced from reinvigorated attention to the measurement, management, and improvement of the outcomes of health care show that much has been learned, and much remains to be done. This article proposes that causes of the failure to replicate in health care the benefits of “lean” methods lie in persistent inattention to measurement fundamentals. These fundamentals must extend beyond mathematical and technical issues to the social, economic, and political processes involved in constituting trustworthy performance measurement systems. Successful “lean” implementations will follow only when duly diligent investments in these fundamentals are undertaken. Absent those investments, average people will not be able to leverage brilliant processes to produce exceptional outcomes, and we will remain stuck with broken processes in which even brilliant people can produce only flawed results. The methodological shift in policy and practice prescribed by the authors of the chapters in this book moves away from prioritizing the objectivity of data in centrally planned and executed statistical modeling, and toward scientific models that prioritize the objectivity of substantive and invariant unit quantities. The chapters in this book describe scientific modeling’s bottom-up, emergent and evolving standards for mass customized comparability. Though the technical aspects of the scientific modeling perspective are well established in health care outcomes measurement, operationalization of the social, economic, and political aspects required for creating new degrees of trust in health care institutions remains at a nascent stage of development. Potentials for extending everyday thinking in new directions offer hope for achieving previously unattained levels of efficacy in health care improvement efforts.
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Yemchuk, Liudmyla, e Larysa Dzhulii. "FEATURES OF THE INFORMATION SUPPORT FORMATION OF THE ENTERPRISE’S INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL MANAGEMENT". In Science, technology, and innovation: the experience of European countries and prospects for Ukraine. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-190-9-5.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The study substantiates the relevance of rapid changes in the intellectualization of economic processes under the influence of information systems and computer technology, and these components are interdependent. The study found that the selected factors stimulate the development of intellectual capital, which determines the new conditions for the functioning of the enterprise management system and the adoption of sound management decisions. Accordingly, the subject of research is a set of theoretical provisions, methodological tools and practical aspects of intellectualization of business management processes. The study used logical and system-structural analysis in the study of the features and role of information resources in the activities of modern enterprises, in the study of the impact of cloud technologies on the development of enterprise management. Economic and mathematical methods, tabular method and grouping methods are used to evaluate and analyze specific research results. The most important task of the study is to identify features of the functional potential of new information systems in enterprise management, processing of their economic information and formation of information management processes, as well as solving current problems related to the need for information systems. The study substantiates that the integration of the national economy into the global information space today is one of the determining factors of its efficiency and competitiveness. Under such conditions, the transformation processes related to the formation of an innovative model of the economy focused on scientific high-tech production, sustainable development and the creation of infrastructure for the formation of intelligent information space become relevant in the national industry. It is established that one of the most important elements of modern innovative transformations are information systems and technologies that are able to produce large amounts of information and knowledge, transmit them remotely, accumulate, store and form new intelligent products in both national and international economic systems. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the introduction of cloud technologies is especially important, which is a necessary condition for the development of enterprise management systems. It is theoretically substantiated that cloud technologies provide new tools for the development of management systems, intensification of interaction in the external environment of the enterprise. They also determine the progressive trends in the development of enterprises and their associations (cluster systems), the main directions of development of high-tech industries and information potential of enterprises. This allowed us to build a mathematical model for calculating the probability of making the right decision, evaluating the effectiveness of decision-making. It is proved that intellectual capital is the basis for the development of the knowledge-based economy and determines the new course of socioeconomic development of Ukraine.
3
Koshova, Svitlana. "LEGAL REGULATION OF STATES’ INVESTMENT IN THE SPACE INDUSTRY WITHIN NATIONAL SECURITY STRATEGIES". In Modernization of research area: national prospects and European practices. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-221-0-19.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This article analyzes the data on investments of certain countries in the space industry in the period from 2011 to 2021. It is proved that the Space Industry is one of the industries without which it is impossible to imagine the modern world, as it is one of the primary factors of National Security. After all, with the launch of the first satellites, the Space Program has taken major steps into a new era of technology, significantly expanding the boundaries of the world in which we live. At present, countries around the world are financing the activities of state space corporations, so that they, in turn, work on the development of leading and promising rocket technologies. As investors realize and understand ‘space’ products and new technological opportunities allow them to create and operate an ever-expanding range of space technology. Investments in the industry are currently growing worldwide.Thus, in the period from 2014 to 2020, the European Union invested in excess of 16 billion euros in space activity and technology which indicates that the space industry is an important component of the European economy. The current investment wave can only be the basis for a future «wave» of investment that can radically transform the space market in the next decade and have a significant impact on the global economy. The article also examines a problem relevant to the national security of the state – the possibility of using economic and mathematical models to predict the prospects for the development of the space industry. In modern conditions, the space industry is seen as the basis for innovative development and economic security of the state, which is the driving force of economic development. After all, in order to sustainably develop the economy and achieve the indicators planned by the government, it is necessary to have a clear idea of the mechanisms of functioning of the system as a whole and its individual parts. That is why competent forecasting of the main indicators of the development of the space industry with the identification of key factors influencing it is especially relevant at the present stage. Forecasting of indicators is based on the construction of economic and mathematical models of industry development. It is determined that the construction of this model begins with the development of the model specification, which includes a verbal description of the study, followed by a presentation of the process of its functioning in the form of mathematical formulas. The methodology is that the study used methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison, deduction and induction. The subject is social relations that are formed in the space industry. Results. It is proved that it is important to clearly formulate and define the problem, as well as to identify all the factors and patterns that characterize the functioning of the system. Economic and mathematical models can increase the efficiency of the planning system of the industry and increase the accuracy of the process of forecasting its development. The successful development of the space industry is today becoming a necessary condition for preserving national sovereignty, both in the military-political aspect and in the field of information security. Practical implations. The article identifies the main trends inherent in the development of the global space industry, namely: privatization of space, commercialization of space activities and internationalization processes. It is proved that with the development of the space industry, states ensure strategic stability and security at all levels.
4
Legates, David R., e Sucharita Gopal. "Mathematical Models and Quantitative Methods". In Geography in America at the Dawn of the 21st Century. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198233923.003.0039.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Although the use of mathematical models and quantitative methods in geography accelerated in earnest with the development of quantitative geography and regional science in the late 1950s, such techniques had already made their way into the mainstream of physical geography much earlier. Today, mathematical models and quantitative methods are used in a number of subfields in geography with their proliferation being aided, in part, by the widespread use of remote sensing, geographic information systems (GIS), and computer-based technology. As a consequence, geography as a whole has witnessed a new growth in the development of models and quantitative methods over the last decade, and it is this growth that we seek to elucidate here. Highlighting the advances in the use of models and methods in geography is a difficult undertaking. Such techniques are so widely used in GIS and remote sensing that many developments in these areas also could be considered in this chapter. Moreover, modeling and quantitative techniques are so strongly integrated within some geographic subfields (e.g. climatology and geomorphology, economic and urban geography, regional science) that it is often difficult to separate technique development from application. This is illustrated by the fact that many members of the Association of American Geographers who frequently use and develop quantitative techniques and models are not active participants in the Mathematical Models and Quantitative Methods Specialty Group, choosing instead to favor specialty groups with a more topical, rather than methodological, focus. In a very real sense, the quantitative revolution has been completed in many subfields of geography, with the goals and aims of the revolutionaries having long since passed into the mainstream. Furthermore, geographers who are involved with quantitative methods and mathematical models are extremely diverse in their interests and applications— they contribute to an extremely wide variety of disciplines. While they excel at spreading the geographic word to other disciplines, summarizing their multifarious contributions is nearly impossible. The rather trite statement, “Geography is what geographers do,” seems to apply strongly here. Geographers are largely a collection of individuals who, although united by their interest in spatial models and methods, are unique in the ways that they make contributions to various fields.
5
Dale, Naomi F. "Gender and Other Factors That Influence Tourism Preferences". In Advances in Human and Social Aspects of Technology, 13–31. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0010-0.ch002.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The consumption process of travel decision making, is influenced by a number of factors and a substantial body of decision making literature in the form of the broader ‘models of consumer behaviour' has been adapted to attempt to describe this process. Existing ‘foundation models' present variables such as personal characteristics and attitudes as factors that affect the vacation decision making process, but fail to discuss the extent to which gender and technology preferences influence decisions and destination choice. Economic models are based on utility theory as a decision making framework, however, they do not allow for the other consumer oriented variables. Current models (economic or otherwise) focus on individuals and their decision making process without a combined consideration of information search and technology gendered preferences and the impact they have on choosing a destination for a vacation.
6
Miaoui, Yosra, Boutheina A. Fessi e Noureddine Boudriga. "Cost Estimation and Security Investment of Security Projects". In Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Fourth Edition, 4849–61. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.ch420.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This chapter aims at examining two main aspects in security project: cost estimation and investment assessment. The characteristics of security projects are stressed on and the importance of adopting management task is determined. In addition, the chapter examines the different cost estimation models developed for security project and discusses the technical and managerial factors affecting the cost estimation and the management of project. In addition, a review of research works directed toward security investment models is determined. In fact, most models have focused on determining the optimal security investment allocation based on budgetary aspect, economic, and financial constraints. Recent models are interested to examine more specific security features when assessing the required investment (e.g. system vulnerabilities, attacks type, risk factors, data privacy, and insurance). finally, the chapter discusses future directions that could be investigated to make available useful models for cost estimation and investment on security projects.
7
Pavlov, Yuri P. "Renewable Resources and Value-Based Complex Forest Management". In Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Fifth Edition, 1309–22. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3479-3.ch089.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In the chapter the question of multifactor value-driven management of renewable resources of complex forest systems is investigated. Timber harvesting closely concerns local population from economic and ecological positions. The production is relevant only as means to achieve human values. Because of this, values are the focus of the decision making and the strategic management needs to clearly defining and structuring the fundamental values. In the paper value-oriented models, based on a multi-attribute utility function, which analytically represents human preferences, are discussed. Such value-based modeling permits mathematical description of complex multifactor processes and optimal control. The mathematical optimal control solutions define a well-founded ecologically, socially, and economically oriented strategy of forest resource management.
8
Ahamer, Gilbert. "A Structured Basket of Models for Global Change". In Environmental Information Systems in Industry and Public Administration, 101–36. IGI Global, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-930708-02-0.ch006.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This contribution presents four modelling frameworks that can be structured along their level of detail, their geographic coverage and their degree of quantification that are typical for each of these environmental information systems. All four describe a subset of the various aspects affecting global change: • Emissions • Energy • Land Use and Biomass • Economic and Social Parameters. The specific objective of this chapter is to present, discuss and evaluate the usability of the model concepts and their present stage of IT implementation for the target of inter-subjective assessment of the driving forces, mechanisms and effects of global change for the needs of practical planning on a local, national and/or global level. For each presented model, portfolios are displayed that briefly describe their positions and abilities. Target groups are public administrations and bodies representing economy and industry who are motivated to break down the concept of sustainability to practical action options while maintaining the larger scope, as is proposed by the traditions of technology assessment and systems thinking.
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Cervantes-Guzmán, Jovanna Nathalie. "The Utility of Neuro-Economics in the Services of ICT of the Exponential SMEs of the Artisanal Industry of Women Entrepreneurs in Mexico". In Advances in Human and Social Aspects of Technology, 140–63. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-6453-0.ch006.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The chapter explores the utility of neuroeconomics in decision making and behavior. Scientific knowledge will be advanced in the need for the application of neuroeconomics focused on one of the services of the information and communication technologies (ICT) of companies that is e-commerce of exponential artisanal SMEs of women entrepreneurs by developing a proposal for a business model to increase the possibility of growth of their companies at the level national and international level. The methodology used was deductive, exploratory, descriptive, correlational, and documentary. Neuroeconomics have the potential to explain the phenomena that are considered as a deviation from the prediction or behavioral bias of decision-making models in economic theory. The study up to this point is quantitative using primary and secondary sources for research.
10
Chochliouros, Ioannis, Anastasia S. Spiliopoulou, George K. Lalopoulos e Stergios P. Chochliouros. "Dark Optical Fiber Models for Broadband Networked Cities". In Encyclopedia of Multimedia Technology and Networking, Second Edition, 324–31. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-014-1.ch045.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The world economy is currently moving in transition from the industrial age to a new set of rules, that of the so-called “Information Society,” which is rapidly taking shape in different multiple aspects of the everyday life. In fact, the exponential growth of the Internet, the penetration of mobile communications, the rapid emergence of electronic commerce, the restructuring of various forms of businesses in all sectors of the economic activity, the contribution of digital industries to growth and employment, and so forth, are among the current features of the new global reality, and they are all considered significant dynamic factors for further evolution and development (Commission of the European Communities, 2005). Changes are usually underpinned by technological progress and globalization, while the combination of worldwide competition and digital technologies is having a crucial sweeping effect. Digital technologies facilitate transmission and storing of information, while they offer multiple access facilities, in most cases without implying subsequent extra costs. As digital information may be easily transformed into economic and social value, this can offer huge opportunities for the development of new products-offerings, services, or applications. Thus, information becomes the “keyresource” and the prime “engine” of the new e-economy (Crandall, Jackson, & Singer, 2003). Companies in different sectors have already started to adapt to the new economic situation in order to become e-businesses (Commission of the European Communities, 2001c). In addition, the full competitiveness of the state in the current high-tech digitally converging environment is strongly related to the existence of modern digital infrastructures of high capacity and of high performance, rationally deployed and properly priced, capable of providing easy, cost-effective, secure, and uninterrupted access to the international “digital web” of knowledge and commerce without imposing any artificial barriers and/or restrictions (Wallsten, 2005). Broadband development is nowadays an essential strategic priority (Chochliouros & Spiliopoulou, 2005), not only for the European Union (EU) but for the global environment. More specifically, broadband can be considered an “absolutely necessary prerequisite” in order to materialize all potential benefits from information society facilities and so to improve living standards (Commission of the European Communities, 2001b). The availability, access, and ultimate use of broadband in both business and residential settings are critical issues. Both businesses and consumers can derive increased benefits from the availability of broadband connection to the Internet, as the technology speeds up some applications and creates entirely new possibilities (Hu & Prieger, 2007).
Atti di convegni sul tema "Information technology economic aspects; mathematical models"
1
Zhou, Dengji, Tingting Wei, Shixi Ma, Huisheng Zhang, Di Huang e Zhenhua Lu. "Metamodeling-Based Performance Analysis for Digital Power Plant". In ASME 2018 Power Conference collocated with the ASME 2018 12th International Conference on Energy Sustainability and the ASME 2018 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2018-7385.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Digital power plant is the theory and method to improve the operating quality of power plant by quantifying, analyzing, controlling and deciding the physical and working objects of power plants in the whole life cycle. Signals and management information of power plants will be digitized, so as to realize information exchange reliably and accurately and large-scale distributed resource sharing based on the network technology. Then optimization decisions and scientific guidance for plant operation will be proposed by intelligent expert system based on the digital resources. Therefore, the foundation of digital power plant is system modeling and performance analysis. However, there are some problems in the process of the modeling performance analysis of digital power plant. For instance, each unit of the system model has different dimensions and different type of mathematical description, and the data or information used for modeling are defined differently and belong to different enterprises, who do not want to share their information. Metamodeling is potential to solve these problems. It defines the specification to describe a unit and the relationship between different elements. Compared with traditional modeling methodologies for thermal systems, metamodeling makes the model more standardized, and the relationship of the model elements is more explicit and better understood by the co-simulation partners. In this paper, the collaborative modeling and simulation platform for digital power plant has been established based on the metamodeling method and the performance of the target plant has been analyzed from different aspects via field data. The metamodeling method consists of three parts: syntax definition, model development and algorithm definition. The result shows that the collaborate modeling and simulation platform can be used to reduce costs, decrease equipment failure rate, and improve plant output, so as to guarantee the safety and increase economics.
2
Tokarev, Denis, Dmitry Tailakov e Anton Ablaev. "Digital platform for E&P Assets Business Process Optimization with a Module for Estimation and Optimizing of Greenhouse Gases Emissions. Case Study". In SPE Russian Petroleum Technology Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206607-ms.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Resume Due to the increasing requirements for reducing the carbon footprint on the part of end users of hydrocarbons, there is a need to develop a system for automated analysis of the main business processes of oil and gas field development to assess greenhouse gas emissions, as well as for optimization in order to improve environmental safety. The paper describes a prototype of a platform that was developed for decarbonization of oil and gas enterprises using modern optimization tools and up-to-date methods for inventory of greenhouse gas emissions. The platform is based on the following models: – simulation model (IM) – simulates the company's business processes, identifying weaknesses and areas of potential development, is a set of mathematical algorithms for solving direct problems; – optimization model (OM) – allows to conduct a comprehensive analysis with a large number of parameters, excluding manual data processing and using automated information exchange between various software that is used in the oil and gas industry for modeling and monitoring of various processes, as well as developing various development options (taking into account geological conditions, geophysical interpretation, etc.). The initial conditions and the specified criteria related to economic indicators allow to solve the problem of finding the optimal parameters for the development of the selected asset. This paper shows the economic effect of implementing software based on a digital twin, implemented as a platform with the ability to build a model of an oil and gas asset, using various data (SAP, 1C, IPM GAP, Repos, Eclipse, etc.) and targets for the development. In the same way, the possible losses of the oil and gas industry from the introduction of additional carbon taxation and the potential for optimizing processes to minimize these costs are considered. IPCC methods are used to calculate greenhouse gas emissions, and direct, indirect, and fugitive emissions are considered in the calculation. The main conclusion is the need to reduce the costs for oil and gas companies and prepare modern automated digital solutions for accounting for greenhouse gas emissions in advance to achieve a zero-carbon footprint and maintain the competitiveness of the Russian oil and gas industry. As a result of the work done, the feasibility was justified, and the result was demonstrated to the customer for calculating greenhouse gas emissions based on digital twins of key business processes of oil and gas enterprises. The use of automated systems makes it possible to reduce the potential economic risks associated with the introduction of a carbon fee from large oil and gas consumers.
3
Berg, Leif P., Sara Behdad, Judy M. Vance e Deborah Thurston. "Disassembly Sequence Evaluation Using Graph Visualization and Immersive Computing Technologies". In ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-70388.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
With the goal of making product recovery economically viable, disassembly sequence planning and evaluation can be used to influence product design features early in the product design process. Several researchers have investigated using optimization methods to determine disassembly sequences. One of the difficulties with using this approach is that because of the unique aspects of product disassembly at the end of life, input parameters for the optimization algorithms are commonly unavailable or estimated under high uncertainty. In practice, design engineers explore disassembly sequencing using either CAD software or manipulation of physical prototypes. These approaches produce solutions, but only intuitive solutions are explored and more optimal solutions may exist. To support decision making early in the design process, the research presented in this paper combines these two approaches within an immersive computing technology (ICT) application to aid in early product design with the goal of designing products with consideration of product recovery, reuse and recycle. The ICT application displays both 3D geometry of the product to be disassembled and an interactive graph visualization of the potential disassembly paths. The user can naturally interact with the geometric models and explore the potential paths indicated by the graph visualization. The optimal path can be indicated and the user can explore other potential paths. The result is an application that combines the strength of mathematical modeling with visualization and human interaction to provide an experience where the user can explore potential effects of design decisions. The initial application has been implemented in a 3 wall immersive projection environment and preliminary results show this approach proves to be an efficient method of evaluating and training potential disassembly sequences.
4
Kaplarević-Mališić, Ana, Slađana Dimitrijević, Ivana Radojević e Milan Kovačević. "Developing Teaching Competencies for Implementing Blended Learning in Higher Education: Experiences of Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac". In 9th International Scientific Conference Technics and Informatics in Education. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Technical Sciences Čačak, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/tie22.352k.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
One of the invariants for the education through the time is the effort for improvement and changes caused by different cultural, economic, and overall civilization circumstances. Nowadays, the huge impact of digital technology on educational systems and everyday practice is evident. The didactic theory still seeks guidelines for adequate use of new information communication technology. Higher education in Serbia also is a part of this process, as activities of ERASMUS+ project TeComp (Strengthening Teaching Competencies in Higher Education in Natural and Mathematical Sciences, 598434-EPP-1-2018-1-RS-EPPKA2-CBHE-JP) testified. In this paper, we present some outcomes and experiences collected during the project with an aim to disseminate results and to contribute broad discussion in the HE community. We give a quick overview of teachers’ attitudes about ICT in their teaching practice as well as some important information and conclusions conducted from evaluations of trainings the most visited by teachers from the Faculty of Science, Kragujevac, concerning aspects of incorporating blended learning in HE in fields of natural sciences, mathematics, computer science, and informatics as a way for strengthening teacher competences
5
Chidambram, Siva Kumaran, Jin An Tan, Mohd Amaluddin Yusoff e June Janesby Roy Jihok. "Predictive Analytics for Gas Turbine Driven Trains to Achieve Optimum Performance, Economics and Greenhouse Gas Emissions". In Offshore Technology Conference Asia. OTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31489-ms.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract The current gas turbine performance monitoring infrastructure in Shell Malaysia yields inaccuracies of ±15% with no links towards emissions and fuel economics. This has resulted in severe limitations towards the ability to improve greenhouse gas (GHG) performance and generate value. This paper describes a novel, data centric approach to derive meaningful insights and economics/carbon savings from existing data on Plant Information (PI) and SMART CONNECT, a Shell in house performance management IT tool. This project applies advanced analytics techniques based on historical data, supplemented by engineering performance models to derive robust outcomes. First, gas turbine and compressor modelling principles are programmed in Python and validated with engineering software such as UNISIM based on available operating data via PI. This yields a multivariate dataset tabulating the historical efficiency, power and fuel gas consumption of the fleet. The model is then utilized in a mathematical optimization algorithm and the optimized data used for training and validation of a Random Forest Regressor model. The performance model in Python is able to achieve accuracies of <1% absolute error when validated with UMSFM on the key performance parameters. Through parametric optimization, the Mean Squared Error (MSE) of the gas turbine and compressor powers is reduced to 0.55MW2 from its original 4.94MW2. The Heat Rate, Shaft Power, and gas generator exit pressures are also identified as the variables most correlated with efficiency. Lastly, the trained machine learning model demonstrated agreement with the dataset during testing, with a R2 value of 0.86 reflecting a strong correlation. With a predictive digital model in place, production programmers can accurately identify the key levers to optimize the machine operating point for optimum fuel gas consumption. Optimizing Gumusut Kakap's high pressure compressors can yield 62,400 USD in savings per annum from increased sales gas and and 880 tCO2e per annum of reduction in GHG emissions, for every 1% increase in efficiency. This approach is a novel concept, leveraging on expertise from both engineering and data science to enhance equipment performance, and can be replicated towards other types of equipment to achieve efficiency, economic and emissions improvements at scale.
6
Krupowicz, Wioleta, e Katarzyna Sobolewska-Mikulska. "Possible Applications of Spatial Analyses in Designing the Agricultural Road Network with Particular Consideration of the Environmental and Landscape Aspects". In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.208.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The development of the agricultural road network is a complex activity based on a broad range of criteria necessary to be taken into account during analyses and desk studies. The analyses and design solutions cannot be unilateral, considering only technical and economic aspects. Elements of environmental protection and management of agricultural landscape, as well as solutions in the scope of protection of soils and waters are necessary in this type of design works, and result from solutions accepted for implementation in reference to the rural areas of all Member States of the European Union. Such a multi-aspect process requires the use of tools in an environment which technologically permits the development of multi-variant solutions to a given problem, and selection of a single, most appropriate proposal. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) currently constitute such an environment. Their undeniable advantages include their analytical possibilities which can be formalised in the form of developed models of spatial analyses – creating sets of new, ready to use tools supporting the decision making process in the scope of determination of the optimal course of agricultural roads. Additional advantages are the possibility of integration of data obtained from various sources, and presentation to stakeholders (e.g. residents, farmers, local authorities, entrepreneurs, and investors) of the obtained solutions in the form of maps, almost in real time, as well as possibility of making optimum decisions with their active participation. Easier access to GIS technology and systematically growing level of awareness regarding measurable benefits from the application of this type of solutions should also be emphasised. The article presents examples of spatial analyses allowing for relatively fast obtaining of spatial information necessary for efficient design-related decision making for the purpose of improvement of the system of agricultural roads with particular consideration of environmental and landscape aspects.
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Bernasconi, Giancarlo, Silvio Del Giudice, Giuseppe Giunta e Francesco Dionigi. "Advanced Pipeline Vibroacoustic Monitoring". In ASME 2013 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2013-97281.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Remote real-time monitoring of pipelines reliability is becoming a key factor for the environmental sustainability of oil&gas industry. Multipoint Acoustic Sensing (MAS) technology makes use of multi sensors placed at discrete distances to detect Third Party Interference (TPI) and fluid leaks along the pipeline. In fact, any interaction with the pipe generates pressure waves that are guided within the fluid (gas or oil) for long distances, carrying information on the source event. Pressure propagation is mainly governed by the absorption coefficient and the sound speed. These parameters are in turn complicated functions of the frequency, the geometrical and elastic parameters of the pipe shell, the elastic parameters of the surrounding medium, and the acoustic and thermodynamic properties of the transported fluid. We have analyzed these aspects while processing acoustic data collected on crude oil and gas transportation pipelines, in different operational and flow conditions. This study describes the acquisition campaigns and the data analysis steps used for the experimental derivation of fluid properties and pipe anomalies. The results are also used for the validation of mathematical models of pressure waves propagation in fluid filled pipes.
Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Information technology economic aspects; mathematical models"
1
Bonfil, David J., Daniel S. Long e Yafit Cohen. Remote Sensing of Crop Physiological Parameters for Improved Nitrogen Management in Semi-Arid Wheat Production Systems. United States Department of Agriculture, gennaio 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7696531.bard.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
To reduce financial risk and N losses to the environment, fertilization methods are needed that improve NUE and increase the quality of wheat. In the literature, ample attention is given to grid-based and zone-based soil testing to determine the soil N available early in the growing season. Plus, information is available on in-season N topdressing applications as a means of improving GPC. However, the vast majority of research has focused on wheat that is grown under N limiting conditions in sub-humid regions and irrigated fields. Less attention has been given to wheat in dryland that is water limited. The objectives of this study were to: (1) determine accuracy in determining GPC of HRSW in Israel and SWWW in Oregon using on-combine optical sensors under field conditions; (2) develop a quantitative relationship between image spectral reflectance and effective crop physiological parameters; (3) develop an operational precision N management procedure that combines variable-rate N recommendations at planting as derived from maps of grain yield, GPC, and test weight; and at mid-season as derived from quantitative relationships, remote sensing, and the DSS; and (4) address the economic and technology-transfer aspects of producers’ needs. Results from the research suggest that optical sensing and the DSS can be used for estimating the N status of dryland wheat and deciding whether additional N is needed to improve GPC. Significant findings include: 1. In-line NIR reflectance spectroscopy can be used to rapidly and accurately (SEP <5.0 mg g⁻¹) measure GPC of a grain stream conveyed by an auger. 2. On-combine NIR spectroscopy can be used to accurately estimate (R² < 0.88) grain test weight across fields. 3. Precision N management based on N removal increases GPC, grain yield, and profitability in rainfed wheat. 4. Hyperspectral SI and partial least squares (PLS) models have excellent potential for estimation of biomass, and water and N contents of wheat. 5. A novel heading index can be used to monitor spike emergence of wheat with classification accuracy between 53 and 83%. 6. Index MCARI/MTVI2 promises to improve remote sensing of wheat N status where water- not soil N fertility, is the main driver of plant growth. Important features include: (a) computable from commercial aerospace imagery that include the red edge waveband, (b) sensitive to Chl and resistant to variation in crop biomass, and (c) accommodates variation in soil reflectance. Findings #1 and #2 above enable growers to further implement an efficient, low cost PNM approach using commercially available on-combine optical sensors. Finding #3 suggests that profit opportunities may exist from PNM based on information from on-combine sensing and aerospace remote sensing. Finding #4, with its emphasis on data retrieval and accuracy, enhances the potential usefulness of a DSS as a tool for field crop management. Finding #5 enables land managers to use a DSS to ascertain at mid-season whether a wheat crop should be harvested for grain or forage. Finding #6a expands potential commercial opportunities of MS imagery and thus has special importance to a majority of aerospace imaging firms specializing in the acquisition and utilization of these data. Finding #6b on index MCARI/MVTI2 has great potential to expand use of ground-based sensing and in-season N management to millions of hectares of land in semiarid environments where water- not N, is the main determinant of grain yield. Finding #6c demonstrates that MCARI/MTVI2 may alleviate the requirement of multiple N-rich reference strips to account for soil differences within farm fields. This simplicity will be less demanding of grower resources, promising substantially greater acceptance of sensing technologies for in-season N management.