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Dancy, Jonathan. "Intuition and Emotion". Ethics 124, n. 4 (luglio 2014): 787–812. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/675879.
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Bolte, Annette, Thomas Goschke e Julius Kuhl. "Emotion and Intuition". Psychological Science 14, n. 5 (settembre 2003): 416–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.01456.
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Kauppinen, Antti. "A Humean theory of moral intuition". Canadian Journal of Philosophy 43, n. 3 (2013): 360–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00455091.2013.857136.
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According to the quasi-perceptualist account of philosophical intuitions, they are intellectual appearances that are psychologically and epistemically analogous to perceptual appearances. Moral intuitions share the key characteristics of other intuitions, but can also have a distinctive phenomenology and motivational role. This paper develops the Humean claim that the shared and distinctive features of substantive moral intuitions are best explained by their being constituted by moral emotions. This is supported by an independently plausible non-Humean, quasi-perceptualist theory of emotion, according to which the phenomenal feel of emotions is crucial for their intentional content.
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Kvarven, Amanda, Eirik Strømland, Conny Wollbrant, David Andersson, Magnus Johannesson, Gustav Tinghög, Daniel Västfjäll e Kristian Ove R. Myrseth. "The intuitive cooperation hypothesis revisited: a meta-analytic examination of effect size and between-study heterogeneity". Journal of the Economic Science Association 6, n. 1 (27 febbraio 2020): 26–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40881-020-00084-3.
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Abstract The hypothesis that intuition promotes cooperation has attracted considerable attention. Although key results in this literature have failed to replicate in pre-registered studies, recent meta-analyses report an overall effect of intuition on cooperation. We address the question with a meta-analysis of 82 cooperation experiments, spanning four different types of intuition manipulations—time pressure, cognitive load, depletion, and induction—including 29,315 participants in total. We obtain a positive overall effect of intuition on cooperation, though substantially weaker than that reported in prior meta-analyses, and between studies the effect exhibits a high degree of systematic variation. We find that this overall effect depends exclusively on the inclusion of six experiments featuring emotion-induction manipulations, which prompt participants to rely on emotion over reason when making allocation decisions. Upon excluding from the total data set experiments featuring this class of manipulations, between-study variation in the meta-analysis is reduced substantially—and we observed no statistically discernable effect of intuition on cooperation. Overall, we fail to obtain compelling evidence for the intuitive cooperation hypothesis.
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Mughal, Yasir Hayat. "THE DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF THE INTUITION STYLE INSTRUMENT (ISI)". Gomal University Journal of Research 37, n. 02 (30 giugno 2021): 142–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.51380/gujr-37-02-03.
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Decision making is most important factor in organizations. It was essential to introduce the new instrument which could help the employees to make spontaneous decisions. The mix methods research was used. Data was collected from 511 respondents using survey. Reliability and validity factor analysis (EFA & CFA) identified four dimensions of intuition i.e. experience, judgment, thinking and emotion/gut feeling styles. The main contribution of this study is refinement of analytic-intuitive style dimension by splitting intuition into four more dimensions. Initial instrument was developed having 95 items for five dimensions Emotional Style (26-Items), Experience style (27-Items), thinking style (15-Items), Feeling style (10-Items) and the Judgmental style (12-Items). Thus, total 800 questionnaires were distributed randomly of which 685 were retrieved. The measurement model was developed and tested in the SPSS and AMOS-SEM. The newly developed instrument was found valid and reliable having 12 final items, 3 items for each construct likewsie (experience, judgment, thinking and emotion/gut feeling style.
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Zeki, S., O. R. Goodenough, Oliver R. Goodenough e Kristin Prehn. "A neuroscientific approach to normative judgment in law and justice". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 359, n. 1451 (29 novembre 2004): 1709–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2004.1552.
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Developments in cognitive neuroscience are providing new insights into the nature of normative judgment. Traditional views in such disciplines as philosophy, religion, law, psychology and economics have differed over the role and usefulness of intuition and emotion in judging blameworthiness. Cognitive psychology and neurobiology provide new tools and methods for studying questions of normative judgment. Recently, a consensus view has emerged, which recognizes important roles for emotion and intuition and which suggests that normative judgment is a distributed process in the brain. Testing this approach through lesion and scanning studies has linked a set of brain regions to such judgment, including the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex and posterior superior temporal sulcus. Better models of emotion and intuition will help provide further clarification of the processes involved. The study of law and justice is less well developed. We advance a model of law in the brain which suggests that law can recruit a wider variety of sources of information and paths of processing than do the intuitive moral responses that have been studied so far. We propose specific hypotheses and lines of further research that could help test this approach.
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Pérez, Carlos Herrera, e Ricardo Sanz. "Emotion as Morphofunctionality". Artificial Life 19, n. 1 (gennaio 2013): 133–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/artl_a_00086.
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We argue for a morphofunctional approach to emotion modeling that can also aid the design of adaptive embodied systems. By morphofunctionality we target the online change in both structure and function of a system, and relate it to the notion of physiology and emotion in animals. Besides the biological intuition that emotions serve the function of preparing the body, we investigate the control requirements that any morphofunctional autonomous system must face. We argue that changes in morphology modify the dynamics of the system, thus forming a variable structure system (VSS). We introduce some of the techniques of control theory to deal with VSSs and derive a twofold hypothesis: first, the loose coupling between two control systems, in charge of action and action readiness, respectively; second, the formation of patterned metacontrol. Emotional phenomena can be seen as emergent from this control setup.
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MacCormack, Jennifer K., e Kristen A. Lindquist. "Bodily Contributions to Emotion: Schachter’s Legacy for a Psychological Constructionist View on Emotion". Emotion Review 9, n. 1 (12 novembre 2016): 36–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1754073916639664.
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Although early emotion theorists posited that bodily changes contribute to emotion, the primary view in affective science over the last century has been that emotions produce bodily changes. Recent findings from physiology, neuroscience, and neuropsychology support the early intuition that body representations can help constitute emotion. These findings are consistent with the modern psychological constructionist hypothesis that emotions emerge when representations of bodily changes are conceptualized as an instance of emotion. We begin by introducing the psychological constructionist approach to emotion. With Schachter as inspiration, we next examine how embodied representations contribute to affective states, and ultimately emotion, with inflammation as a key example. We close by looking forward to future research on how body representations contribute to human experience.
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Bertrams, Alex, e Katja Schlegel. "Speeded reasoning moderates the inverse relationship between autistic traits and emotion recognition". Autism 24, n. 8 (10 luglio 2020): 2304–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320937090.
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People with diagnosed autism or being high in autistic traits have been found to have difficulties with recognizing emotions from nonverbal expressions. In this study, we investigated whether speeded reasoning (reasoning performance under time pressure) moderates the inverse relationship between autistic traits and emotion recognition performance. We expected the negative correlation between autistic traits and emotion recognition to be less strong when speeded reasoning was high. The underlying assumption is that people high in autistic traits can compensate for their low intuition in recognizing emotions through quick analytical information processing. A paid online sample ( N = 217) completed the 10-item version of the Autism Spectrum Quotient, two emotion recognition tests using videos with sound (Geneva Emotion Recognition Test) and pictures (Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test), and Baddeley’s Grammatical Reasoning Test to measure speeded reasoning. As expected, the inverse relationship between autistic traits and emotion recognition performance was less pronounced for individuals with high compared to low speeded reasoning ability. These results suggest that a high ability in making quick mental inferences may (partly) compensate for difficulties with intuitive emotion recognition related to autistic traits. Lay abstract Autistic people typically have difficulty recognizing other people’s emotions and to process nonverbal cues in an automatic, intuitive fashion. This usually also applies to people who—regardless of an official diagnosis of autism—achieve high values in autism questionnaires. However, some autistic people do not seem to have any problems with emotion recognition. One explanation may be that these individuals are able to compensate for their lack of intuitive or automatic processing through a quick conscious and deliberate analysis of the emotional cues in faces, voices, and body movements. On these grounds, we assumed that the higher autistic people’s ability to reason quickly (i.e. to make quick logical inferences), the fewer problems they should have with determining other people’s emotions. In our study, we asked workers on the crowdsourcing marketplace MTurk to complete a questionnaire about their autistic traits, to perform emotion recognition tests, and to complete a test of the ability to reason under time constraints. In our sample of 217 people, we found the expected pattern. Overall, those who had higher values in the autism questionnaire scored lower in the emotion recognition tests. However, when reasoning ability was taken into account, a more nuanced picture emerged: participants with high values both on the autism questionnaire and on the reasoning test recognized emotions as well as individuals with low autistic traits. Our results suggest that fast analytic information processing may help autistic people to compensate problems in recognizing others’ emotions.
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Simon, Herbert A. "Making Management Decisions: the Role of Intuition and Emotion". Academy of Management Perspectives 1, n. 1 (febbraio 1987): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ame.1987.4275905.
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Lipshitz, Raanan, e Nurit Shulimovitz. "Intuition and Emotion in Bank Loan Officers' Credit Decisions". Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making 1, n. 2 (giugno 2007): 212–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1518/155534307x232857.
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Mercer, Jonathan. "Emotion and Strategy in the Korean War". International Organization 67, n. 2 (aprile 2013): 221–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818313000015.
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AbstractWhat makes a diplomatic or military signal credible? In strategic settings where deception is possible, rational actors' interpretations rely on their beliefs, intuition, and imagination—they rely on emotion. Two properties of emotion—as an assimilation mechanism and its use as evidence—are key to addressing four strategic problems. First, emotion explains why actors worry needlessly about their reputations. Second, emotion is important to understanding costly signals. Third, emotion explains radical changes in preferences. Fourth, emotion sharpens understanding of strategic problems without being self-invalidating: common knowledge of emotion's effects do not always change those effects. Understanding how rational actors think requires turning to emotion. Evidence from the Korean War captures strengths and weaknesses of competing perspectives.
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Namgung, Hwan. "Designing a Method of Moral Education Based on an Integrated Approach to Moral Judgment". SAGE Open 12, n. 1 (gennaio 2022): 215824402210799. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440221079909.
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Aristotle argued that emotions should be controlled according to the principle of moderation to realize virtue (human excellence). This study examines moral education in Korea, which is grounded in the ethics of Aristotle and values reason in moral judgment. The advantages and disadvantages of specific approaches are analyzed by categorizing moral philosophy and moral psychology studies based on their focus: reason or other factors. The roles of reason, emotion, and intuition in moral judgment are presented as the “integrated approach to moral judgment” in education. The results show that elements such as reason, emotion, and intuition influence moral judgment and interact with each other, allowing actors to make moral judgments that suit the situation. Methods for future moral education are suggested by presenting different processes that an actor must undergo and by introducing how to train them for moral quandaries.
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Corbett, Jack. "Practising Reflection: Empathy, Emotion and Intuition in Political Life Writing". Life Writing 11, n. 3 (26 luglio 2013): 349–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14484528.2013.822390.
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Scheff, Thomas. "Role-taking, Emotion and the Two Selves". Canadian Journal of Sociology 39, n. 3 (30 settembre 2014): 315–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/cjs20421.
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This note links three hitherto separate subjects: role-taking, meditation, and theories of emotion, in order to conceptualize the makeup of the self. The idea of role-taking plays a central part in sociological theories of the self. Meditation implies the same process in terms of a deep self able to witness itself. Drama theories also depend upon a deep self that establishes a safe zone for resolving intense emotions. All three approaches imply both a creative deep self and the everyday self (ego) that is largely automated. The creativity of the deep self is illustrated with a real life example: an extraordinary psychotherapy experiment appears to have succeeded because it was based entirely on the intuitions of the therapist. At the other end from intuition, in one of her novels, Virginia Woolf suggested three crucial points about automated thought: incredible speed, role-taking, and by implication, the presence of a deep self. This essay goes on to explain how the ego is repetitive to the extent that it becomes mostly, and in unusual cases, completely automated (as in most dreams and all hallucinations). The rapidity of ordinary discourse and thought usually means that it is superficial, leading to greater and greater dysfunction, and less and less emotion. This idea suggests a new approach to the basis of ‘mental illness’ and of modern alienation.
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Soosalu, Grant, Suzanne Henwood e Arun Deo. "Head, Heart, and Gut in Decision Making: Development of a Multiple Brain Preference Questionnaire". SAGE Open 9, n. 1 (gennaio 2019): 215824401983743. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244019837439.
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There is a growing body of literature that supports the idea that decision making involves not only cognition, but also emotion and intuition. However, following extant “dual-process” decision theories, the emotional and intuitive aspects of decision making have predominantly been considered as one “experiential” entity. The purpose of this article is to review the neurological evidence for a three-factor model of head, heart, and gut aspects of embodied cognition in decision making and to report on a study carried out to design and validate a psychometric instrument that measures decision-making preferences across three separable interoceptive components, representing the complex, functional, and adaptive neural networks (or “brains”) of head (analytical/cognitive), heart (emotional/affective), and gut (intuition). Development and validation of the Multiple Brain Preference Questionnaire (MBPQ) instrument was carried out in three phases. Translational validity was assessed using content and face validity. Construct validity was undertaken via exploratory factor analysis of the results from the use of the instrument with 301 subjects from a global sampling, and reliability tests were performed using internal consistency and test–retest analysis. Results confirmed extraction of three factors (head, heart, and gut) was appropriate and reliability analysis showed the MBPQ to be both valid and reliable. Applications of the tool to coaching and leadership are suggested.
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GIELO-PERCZAK, KRYSTYNA, e WALDEMAR KARWOWSKI. "Ecological models of human performance based on affordance, emotion and intuition". Ergonomics 46, n. 1-3 (gennaio 2003): 310–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00140130303536.
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Moore, Adam B., N. Y. Louis Lee, Brian A. M. Clark e Andrew R. A. Conway. "In defense of the personal/impersonal distinction in moral psychology research: Cross-cultural validation of the dual process model of moral judgment". Judgment and Decision Making 6, n. 3 (aprile 2011): 186–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s193029750000139x.
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AbstractThe dual process model of moral judgment (DPM; Greene et al., 2004) argues that such judgments are influenced by both emotion-laden intuition and controlled reasoning. These influences are associated with distinct neural circuitries and different response tendencies. After reanalyzing data from an earlier study, McGuire et al. (2009) questioned the level of support for the dual process model and asserted that the distinction between emotion evoking moral dilemmas (personal dilemmas) and those that do not trigger such intuitions (impersonal dilemmas) is spurious. Using similar reanalysis methods on data reported by Moore, Clark, & Kane (2008), we show that the personal/impersonal distinction is reliable. Furthermore, new data show that this distinction is fundamental to moral judgment across widely different cultures (U.S. and China) and supports claims made by the DPM.
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Alba, Barbara. "Factors that impact on emergency nurses’ ethical decision-making ability". Nursing Ethics 25, n. 7 (10 novembre 2016): 855–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733016674769.
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Background: Reliance on moral principles and professional codes has given nurses direction for ethical decision-making. However, rational models do not capture the emotion and reality of human choice. Intuitive response must be considered. Research purpose: Supporting intuition as an important ethical decision-making tool for nurses, the aim of this study was to determine relationships between intuition, years of worked nursing experience, and perceived ethical decision-making ability. A secondary aim explored the relationships between rational thought to years of worked nursing experience and perceived ethical decision-making ability. Research design and context: A non-experimental, correlational research design was used. The Rational Experiential Inventory measured intuition and rational thought. The Clinical Decision Making in Nursing Scale measured perceived ethical decision-making ability. Pearson’s r was the statistical method used to analyze three primary and two secondary research questions. Participants: A sample of 182 emergency nurses was recruited electronically through the Emergency Nurses Association. Participants were self-selected. Ethical considerations: Approval to conduct this study was obtained by the Adelphi University Institutional Review Board. Findings: A relationship between intuition and perceived ethical decision-making ability ( r = .252, p = .001) was a significant finding in this study. Discussion: This study is one of the first of this nature to make a connection between intuition and nurses’ ethical decision-making ability. Conclusion: This investigation contributes to a broader understanding of the different thought processes used by emergency nurses to make ethical decisions.
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Aleksandravičius, Povilas. "Creative Emotion and Understanding of Democracy in the Philosophy of H. Bergson". Problemos 99 (21 aprile 2021): 8–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/problemos.99.1.
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In this paper, the concept of creative emotion (émotion créatrice) and the understanding of democracy, which arises out of it, in the philosophy of Bergson is analysed. This specific emotion does not depend on an object’s intellectual representation; therefore, Bergson refers to it as “supra-intellectual.” Contrary to the usual “infra-intellectual” emotions, it is primary in regard of the mind and the will, and it comprises the fundamental matrix of creative acts of the human being. Creative emotion is one of the forms of the intuition of duration that is rooted in élan vital. It not only determines the essential changes in the fields of art, religion or science, but also re-configures the political rationality by revealing a deeper form of sociality. Thus, the presumed anti-sociality of the philosophy of Bergson is denied. In his last work, The Two Sources of Morality and Religion, Bergson shows how creative emotion transforms understanding of democracy and how it turns this political conception into a dynamic movement corresponding to the deep process of the human being and the whole reality.
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Park, Hyoungbin. "Intuition and Emotion in Moral Philosophy and Moral Psychology - Focusing on J. Greene’s Dual Process Model and J. Haidt’s Social Intuition -". Journal of Moral & Ethics Education 72 (31 agosto 2021): 29–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.18338/kojmee.2021..72.29.
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Dobson, Margaret Louise. "Identity and Creativity: Putting Two and Two Together". LEARNing Landscapes 6, n. 1 (1 giugno 2012): 201–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.36510/learnland.v6i1.582.
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"Questions, not method, are the heart of research" (Hendry, 2010, p. 73). Prompted by untutored intuition in the form of questions generated from two stories about teaching and educational leadership, this investigation looks for insights, not answers, to the mystery of identity and creativity. Putting two and two together reveals an intangible "in-between" (Arendt, 1974); distinguishes thinking and knowing (Arendt, 1971); elucidates intuition and intellect (Bergson, 1998/1907); exposes emotion and feelings as vital aspects of reason (Damasio, 1994; 1999); and conspires to revitalize the meaning and purpose of education.
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Mansell, Martin A. "Psychology, Emotion and Intuition in Work Relationships – the Head, Heart and Gut Professional". Medico-Legal Journal 86, n. 3 (17 maggio 2018): 159–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0025817218776816.
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Ingram, Richard. "Psychology, emotion and intuition in work relationships: the head, heart and gut professional". Journal of Social Work Practice 34, n. 3 (11 settembre 2019): 336–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02650533.2019.1665004.
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Bissell, Roger E. "Will the Real Apollo Please Stand Up? Rand, Nietzsche, and the Reason-Emotion Dichotomy". Journal of Ayn Rand Studies 10, n. 2 (2009): 343–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/41560393.
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Abstract The author probes the "Tower of Babel" effect surrounding Western civilization's long-standing fascination with the Greek god Apollo. He clarifies the reason-emotion dichotomy and shows the Classical-Romantic opposition of Apollo and Dionysus, as adopted by Ayn Rand and (supposedly) Friedrich Nietzsche, to be an inaccurate way to characterize either Apollo (god of reason) or Dionysus (god of emotion). Temperament theorist David Keirsey's linkage of Apollo with emotion is found similarly wanting, and an argument based on insights of personality type theorist Janet Germane is offered that Apollo instead is most fundamentally the god of intuition.
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Bissell, Roger E. "Will the Real Apollo Please Stand Up? Rand, Nietzsche, and the Reason-Emotion Dichotomy". Journal of Ayn Rand Studies 10, n. 2 (2009): 343–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/jaynrandstud.10.2.0343.
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Abstract The author probes the "Tower of Babel" effect surrounding Western civilization's long-standing fascination with the Greek god Apollo. He clarifies the reason-emotion dichotomy and shows the Classical-Romantic opposition of Apollo and Dionysus, as adopted by Ayn Rand and (supposedly) Friedrich Nietzsche, to be an inaccurate way to characterize either Apollo (god of reason) or Dionysus (god of emotion). Temperament theorist David Keirsey's linkage of Apollo with emotion is found similarly wanting, and an argument based on insights of personality type theorist Janet Germane is offered that Apollo instead is most fundamentally the god of intuition.
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Lee, Min Kyung. "Understanding perception of algorithmic decisions: Fairness, trust, and emotion in response to algorithmic management". Big Data & Society 5, n. 1 (gennaio 2018): 205395171875668. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2053951718756684.
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Algorithms increasingly make managerial decisions that people used to make. Perceptions of algorithms, regardless of the algorithms' actual performance, can significantly influence their adoption, yet we do not fully understand how people perceive decisions made by algorithms as compared with decisions made by humans. To explore perceptions of algorithmic management, we conducted an online experiment using four managerial decisions that required either mechanical or human skills. We manipulated the decision-maker (algorithmic or human), and measured perceived fairness, trust, and emotional response. With the mechanical tasks, algorithmic and human-made decisions were perceived as equally fair and trustworthy and evoked similar emotions; however, human managers' fairness and trustworthiness were attributed to the manager's authority, whereas algorithms' fairness and trustworthiness were attributed to their perceived efficiency and objectivity. Human decisions evoked some positive emotion due to the possibility of social recognition, whereas algorithmic decisions generated a more mixed response – algorithms were seen as helpful tools but also possible tracking mechanisms. With the human tasks, algorithmic decisions were perceived as less fair and trustworthy and evoked more negative emotion than human decisions. Algorithms' perceived lack of intuition and subjective judgment capabilities contributed to the lower fairness and trustworthiness judgments. Positive emotion from human decisions was attributed to social recognition, while negative emotion from algorithmic decisions was attributed to the dehumanizing experience of being evaluated by machines. This work reveals people's lay concepts of algorithmic versus human decisions in a management context and suggests that task characteristics matter in understanding people's experiences with algorithmic technologies.
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Downes, William. "The language of felt experience: emotional, evaluative and intuitive". Language and Literature: International Journal of Stylistics 9, n. 2 (maggio 2000): 99–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096394700000900201.
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The problem analysed is how the phenomenology of feelings is linguistically expressed as opposed to simply reported. Three kinds of felt experience are distinguished: emotion and evaluation, which are classed as affect, and intuition, which is the compulsive sense of a non-propositional ‘meaning’. It is argued that these are extra-linguistic semiotic or cognitive systems. Emotions are construals of bodily arousal; evaluations are construals of experiences on scales from positive to negative; and intuitions are construals of properties of language itself. These are said to be sociohistorical. Higher level discourse and lexical resources for expressing affect are presented. Then, drawing from Halliday, Labov, Martin and Lemke, it is suggested that felt experiences are expressed iconically, but either concretely or abstractly. The iconicity is on the dimensions of intensity and prosody, and also intertwines different types of experience. Any linguistic feature that can express this iconicity can be deployed; for example, gradability. Five classes of linguistic realization are discussed. These are exemplified through the analysis of a passage of religious writing, Julian of Norwich’s Showings. The importance of analysing texts as linguistic expressions of complex felt experiences is suggested.
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Plantinga, Carl. "Screen Stories: Responses to the Critics". Projections 13, n. 3 (1 dicembre 2019): 112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/proj.2019.130309.
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This article is a discussion of and rejoinder to the comments of three respondents on my book, Screen Stories: Emotion and the Ethics of Engagement. Jane Stadler argues that the book would profit from more attention to the “temporal prolongation” made possible by multi-episode television, especially as it relates to the nature of character engagement. While I have reservations about the notion of medium specificity in relation to television and film (and thus prefer the term “screen stories”), I agree that temporal prolongation in relation to an ethics of screen stories is a vital topic. Malcolm Turvey argues that Screen Stories promotes moral intuition and emotion at the expense of moral reasoning and that an ethics of engagement should pay equal attention to reasoning. In my response, I enumerate four reasons why, despite my belief in the importance of reasoning, I focus on emotion and intuition. I do agree that, once we can decide just what moral reasoning is, it should become a focus of an ethics of engagement. Cynthia Freeland focuses her remarks on various aspects of the third part of my book, “The Contours of Engagement,” in which I examine how the features of screen stories can lead to viewer experiences with ethical implications. In response, I discuss three issues: medium specificity once more, the supposed tension between conceptions of the active and passive spectator, and the psychological underpinnings of various sorts of character engagement.
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Kolmogorova, Anastasia V. "EMOTION DETECTION AND SEMANTICS OF EMOTIVES: DISTRESS AND ANGER IN ANNOTATED TEXT DATASET". Philological Class 26, n. 2 (2021): 78–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.51762/1fk-2021-26-02-06.
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The article explores the ways of making emotional lexemes semantic description consistent with interpretative intuition of the ordinary language speaker. The research novelty is determined by the fact that it is based on the data retrieved from the emotional assessment of 3920 internet-texts in Russian made by informants via using a specially designed computer interface. When applied this interface, we can aggregate the weight of 8 emotions (distress, enjoyment, anger, surprise, shame, excitement, disgust, fear) in text. Thus, the data we have used for this publication includes two sets of 150 internet-texts assessed by 2000 informants with the highest score of emotions of distress or anger. The scope of the study covers the semantics of two mentioned above lexemes (grust’ and gnev) analyzed through the prism of collective introspection of informants. The article purpose is to discuss the case when a semantic description of emotives is given by an expert, which largely uses “the best texts” of corresponding emotions, according to the collective opinion of informants. Our methods include psycholinguistic experiment, corpus and semantic analysis. The research led us to three main conclusions. Firstly, the semantic descriptions of emotives grust’ and gnev obtained in proposed way represent prototypical scenarios of living an emotion in social context and take into account not only the introspective sensations of an expert-linguist, but the interpretative strategies of language users. Secondly, such semantic explanation provides us with keys for explaining, why machine learning technologies are better at detecting anger than sadness in text. Finally, it creates a precedent in using new technologies for making an ecological semantic description of emotive vocabulary. The research results can find application in emotiology, lexicographic practice and didactics.
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Zanfi, Caterina, Tobias Keiling, Burkhard Liebsch, Peter Welsen, Diego D'Angelo e Karl-Heinz Lembeck. "Buchbesprechungen". Phänomenologische Forschungen 2014, n. 1 (2014): 301–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.28937/1000107787.
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"Johannes F. M. Schick: Erlebte Wirklichkeit. Zum Verhältnis von Intuition zu Emotion bei Henri Bergson; Steven Crowell: Normativity and Phenomenology in Husserl and Heidegger; Thomas Ebke: Lebendiges Wissen des Lebens. Zur Verschränkung von Plessners Philosophischer Anthropologie und Canguilhems Historischer Epistemologie; Klaus-Michael Kodalle: Verzeihung denken. Die verkannte Grundlage humaner Verhältnisse; J. Powell (Hg.): Heidegger and Language; Theodor Lipps: Schriften zur Psychologie und Erkenntnistheorie. 4 Bände. Hg. v. Faustino Fabbianelli"
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Blumoff, Theodore Y. "Justifying Punishment". Canadian Journal of Law & Jurisprudence 14, n. 2 (luglio 2001): 161–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0841820900000473.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Our reactions to actual crime-disbelief about the act committed, anger at the hurt caused, a desire to get even, and fear for ourselves and our children-arrive in an indecipherable rush of emotion. We perceive strong, intuitive, and sometimes oppositional reactions at once. So it is little wonder that no single traditional moral justification for punishment is satisfactory. Traditional theories, both retributive and utilitarian, are grounded in a priori truths that ignore the convergence of the theoretical, the practical and the emotional that gives rise to the need to punish. In their stead, we should embrace an advertently pragmatic theoretical approach, which recognize the primary need to protect ourselves against danger, but looks as well to providing reformation wherever possible. Such an approach does not ignore the traditional rationales. To eschew retribution entirely is to deny a deeply-rooted moral intuition and forego efforts to tame it. To jettison utility is to condemn the victim and community to perpetual fear; just to the extent that retributive impulses, by any name, undermine necessary forward-looking concerns about our future's safety, they poorly serve our needs, which include service to the victim, the community and the offender.
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Turnbull, Oliver H., Cathryn E. Y. Evans, Alys Bunce, Barbara Carzolio e Jane O’Connor. "Emotion-based learning and central executive resources: An investigation of intuition and the Iowa Gambling Task". Brain and Cognition 57, n. 3 (aprile 2005): 244–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2004.08.053.
Testo completo
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Hussein, Jabbar Ahmed. "An Aspect in the Poetic Experience of the Classical Poet Awat". Journal of University of Raparin 8, n. 3 (29 settembre 2021): 555–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.26750/vol(8).no(3).paper26.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A literary text is a personal thought or emotion of the writer that are illustrated in the world of imagination. S/he conveys this very personal intuition into the readers’ side (addressee) through a crafty language and a highly technical style. Thus, each and every literary text is composed of four elements: three of them are the internal structure of the poem, which are theme, emotion, and imagination, and the fourth one is style, which is the incarnation of the previously-mentioned elements. All of these elements are firmly interconnected to each other and could only be separated for research purposes.
The aim of this study is to pinpoint the internal structure of Awat’s poetry and to show an aspect of his poetic experience.
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Imbir, Kamil K., e Maciej Pastwa. "Can valence and origin of emotional words influence the assessments of ambiguous stimuli in terms of warmth or competence?" PeerJ 9 (26 gennaio 2021): e10488. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10488.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
People tend to think that emotions influence the way they think in a spectacular way. We wanted to determine whether it is possible to prime the assessments of ambiguous stimuli by presenting emotion-laden words. We did not expect the differences in assessments that depend only on the emotional factors to be particularly large. Participants were presented with words differing in valence and origin of an affective state, but aligned for arousal, concreteness, length and frequency of use. Their first task was to remember a word. While keeping the word in mind, their second task was to guess by intuition whether the symbol was related to certain traits. Participants assessed objects represented by coding symbols on the scales of warmth or competence. We expected positive valence and automatic origin to promote higher ratings in terms of warmth and reflective origin to promote higher ratings in terms of competence. Positive valence appeared to boost assessments in terms of both warmth and competence, while the origin effect was found to be dissociative: automatic origin promoted intensity of warmth assessments and reflective origin intensity of competence assessments. The study showed an existing relation between emotional and social aspects of the mind, and therefore supports the conclusion that both domains may result from dual processes of a more general character.
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Fallahzadeh, Ali, e Zahra Rahbarnia. "GOLDMAN’S PLURALISTIC APPROACH TO AESTHETIC EXPERIENCE ANDPIET MONDRIAN’S INTUITIVE NEO-PLASTIC ART". PEOPLE: International Journal of Social Sciences 8, n. 2 (20 luglio 2022): 51–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.20319/pijss.2022.82.5168.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The objective of this article is to demonstrate the credibility of the pluralistic approach to aesthetic experience, mainly focused on Goldman's recent argument, in the case of Neo-Plastic paintings which is chosen as the most mature paradigm of pure abstract art created based on the premises of formalism. This article tries to clarify whether the spectator should realize the aesthetic value of pure abstract art based on a formalistic standpoint (as it has been commonly used), or a pluralistic mode: interactive and simultaneous involvement of all mental faculties namely perception, imagination, emotion, and cognition. To achieve the goals of this article, Mondrian's writings will be examined in light of two different viewpoints: formalists’ intuitive approach and Goldman’s pluralistic approach. At the end of this article, it becomes evident that although Mondrian, in several instances in his writings emphasizes the role of intuition in the creation and aesthetic perception of spiritual content (universal beauty as truth) of his Neo-Plastic art, his approach to aesthetic experience, similar to the recent argument of Goldman, is pluralistic; meaning that for appreciation of the aesthetic value of Neo-Plastic paintings all mental faculties, except imagination, are correlatively involved.
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Karwowski, Waldemar, e Krystyna Gielo-Perczak. "A THEORY OF HUMAN ECOLOGICAL CONTROL NETWORKS: THE ROLE OF AFFORDATION, EMOTION AND INTUITION IN THE DESIGN OF HUMAN ENVIRONMENTS". Japanese journal of ergonomics 38, Supplement (2002): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5100/jje.38.supplement_26.
Testo completo
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Agada, Ada. "The Idoma Concept of Ihotu (Love)". Filosofia Theoretica: Journal of African Philosophy, Culture and Religions 9, n. 1 (21 giugno 2020): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ft.v9i1.2.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The notion of love is one of the fascinating concepts available to humans. Love is perhaps the most powerful emotion a human being can experience. Love is immediately recognized as a feeling. It is only after observing human conduct that it dawns on us that there is a rational dimension of love. In this paper I will discuss the Idoma-African concept of ihotu, or love. Since the very idea of an Idoma philosophy of love is an entirely novel idea, with no prior identifiable research in this field, I will rely heavily on my knowledge of Idoma culture and conversations with Ihonde Ameh of Ochobo community who has an in-depth knowledge of Idoma value-system. I will proceed to show how the consolationist theory of love is a systematization of the basic ethnophilosophical data supplied by Idoma traditional thought. With consolation philosophy transcending the basic intuition of the African collective, in this particular case the Idoma of Central Nigeria, I will argue for the rationality of love by pointing out its indispensability in the formation and expression of what we consider right or moral behaviour. I will argue that a greater part of the conduct we approve of as ethical is founded on our emotional experience and that this emotional experience is to a large extent determined by the urgings of pity or empathy. I will attempt to exhibit the philosophical grounds of empathy from the African perspective of consolationism and, in the process, delve into philosophical psychology from the African place. In achieving these objectives, I will have recourse to the metaphysics and epistemology of love from the consolationist perspective. The methodology adopted here is the analytical, conversational, and evaluative methodology.
Key words: Love, Ihotu, reason, consolationism, emotion, empathy.
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Dong, Yanyan, Jie Hou, Ning Zhang e Maocong Zhang. "Research on How Human Intelligence, Consciousness, and Cognitive Computing Affect the Development of Artificial Intelligence". Complexity 2020 (28 ottobre 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1680845.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Artificial intelligence (AI) is essentially the simulation of human intelligence. Today’s AI can only simulate, replace, extend, or expand part of human intelligence. In the future, the research and development of cutting-edge technologies such as brain-computer interface (BCI) together with the development of the human brain will eventually usher in a strong AI era, when AI can simulate and replace human’s imagination, emotion, intuition, potential, tacit knowledge, and other kinds of personalized intelligence. Breakthroughs in algorithms represented by cognitive computing promote the continuous penetration of AI into fields such as education, commerce, and medical treatment to build up AI service space. As to human concern, namely, who controls whom between humankind and intelligent machines, the answer is that AI can only become a service provider for human beings, demonstrating the value rationality of following ethics.
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Vaughan, Trefor D. "The Balance of Opposites in the Creative Process". Gifted Education International 3, n. 1 (gennaio 1985): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026142948500300107.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper argues that the creative process is a complex interaction of thinking, emotion and intuition and the major characteristic is the balancing of opposites which integrate the process. The creative process can only be maintained by holding the opposites in a state of dynamic tension which can be called a “tolerance of ambiguity”. This tension of opposing forces charges the creative expression with power avoiding the degeneration which occurs when the balance of opposites is uneven. In considering the practical applications in the classroom, it would seem that the encouragement of a learning atmosphere which generates alternative modes of thinking and problem solving strategies and an acceptance of openended situations encourages the creative act. The classroom needs to be “emotionally charged”, pupils encouraged to pursue individual ideas in an atmosphere of adventure and risk-taking.
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Sinclair, Marta, Neal M. Ashkanasy e Prithviraj Chattopadhyay. "Affective antecedents of intuitive decision making". Journal of Management & Organization 16, n. 3 (luglio 2010): 382–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1833367200002030.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractAlthough the use of intuition in managerial decisions has been documented, many questions about the intuitive process and its antecedent stages remain unanswered, in particular the role of affective traits and states. The study reported in this article investigates whether decision makers who are more attuned to own emotions and experience a particular mood have an easier access to intuition. Our findings indicate that emotional awareness has indeed a positive effect on the use of intuition, which appears to be stronger for women. Surprisingly, positive and negative mood seem to influence intuition according to their intensity rather than positive/negative distinction.
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Sinclair, Marta, Neal M. Ashkanasy e Prithviraj Chattopadhyay. "Affective antecedents of intuitive decision making". Journal of Management & Organization 16, n. 3 (luglio 2010): 382–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/jmo.16.3.382.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractAlthough the use of intuition in managerial decisions has been documented, many questions about the intuitive process and its antecedent stages remain unanswered, in particular the role of affective traits and states. The study reported in this article investigates whether decision makers who are more attuned to own emotions and experience a particular mood have an easier access to intuition. Our findings indicate that emotional awareness has indeed a positive effect on the use of intuition, which appears to be stronger for women. Surprisingly, positive and negative mood seem to influence intuition according to their intensity rather than positive/negative distinction.
43
Gupta, Seema, e Shilpa Bhandari. "Dual Process Ethical Decision-Making Models: Need for Empirical Examination". Business Ethics and Leadership 6, n. 3 (2022): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/bel.6(3).47-56.2022.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The main purpose of the study is to examine various ethical decision-making models based on Dual Process Theory (DPT) and to determine the features of their application in business management. Systematization of the literary sources and approaches for solving the problem of managerial decision-making indicates that despite a significant number of data publications, the issue of the implementation and effectiveness of ethical models is poorly researched and requires a more detailed analysis. The object of research is secondary data contained in scientific articles published in journals. The paper examines the social-intuitive-emotional context of the ethical decision-making process, which can help understand the management context of these models. The results of the empirical analysis of the features of the use of the Social-Intuitionist (S-I), Cognitive-Intuitionist (C-I), and Cognitive-Affective models (C-A) models in the decision-making process proved the existence of significant differences between them. The methodological tools of the research were the theories of emotion and intuition, as they directly relate to the “Integrated Ethical Decision Making” (I-EDM) model, which is the most practiced in the actual business setting. The article proposes a conceptual integrated R-S-I-E Ethical Decision-Making model, which can be used in testing theoretical research questions and hypotheses related to business ethics. This model considers individual factors, personal moral philosophy (deontology, teleology), and the moral intensity managers feel during a moral dilemma. Based on the research results, the consequences of overcoming the gap between the existing theoretical developments on these issues and the peculiarities of the decision-making process in practice are summarized. The research results can be used in the empirical evaluation of ethical models in different cultural conditions (including India) and be helpful for the management of companies in making ethical decisions.
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Otto, A. Ross, e Bradley C. Love. "You don’t want to know what you’re missing: When information about forgone rewards impedes dynamic decision making". Judgment and Decision Making 5, n. 1 (febbraio 2010): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1930297500001984.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractWhen people learn to make decisions from experience, a reasonable intuition is that additional relevant information should improve their performance. In contrast, we find that additional information about foregone rewards (i.e., what could have gained at each point by making a different choice) severely hinders participants’ ability to repeatedly make choices that maximize long-term gains. We conclude that foregone reward information accentuates the local superiority of short-term options (e.g., consumption) and consequently biases choice away from productive long-term options (e.g., exercise). These conclusions are consistent with a standard reinforcement-learning mechanism that processes information about experienced and forgone rewards. In contrast to related contributions using delay-of-gratification paradigms, we do not posit separate top-down and emotion-driven systems to explain performance. We find that individual and group data are well characterized by a single reinforcement-learning mechanism that combines information about experienced and foregone rewards.
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Alimah, Ade. "Contemplative and Transformative Learning for Character Development in Islamic Higher Education". Ulumuna 24, n. 1 (9 giugno 2020): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v24i1.384.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Islamic higher education is supposed to develop Indonesians' characters due to its focus on teaching Islam. Moreover, the number of Islamic higher education institutions is vast, reaching 777. Indeed, their contribution to the character development of Indonesians may be significant. However, occurring religious-based prejudices and conflicts, as well as a high index of corruption, show the paradoxes and challenges of Islamic higher education. Although there has been no research demonstrating a statistically significant correlation between Islamic teaching and crime rate or moral issues, educators in Islamic higher education institutions should reflect on what should be done to enhance their leverage on character education. In this paper, two concepts of contemplative learning and transformative learning are discussed to find feasible ways of teaching Islam in the challenging contemporary world. Contemplative and transformative learning in character development requires educators to implement mindfulness and connectedness through integrating all entities of learners' cognition, emotion, intuition, and body, interrelating multi-disciplines, and connecting learning to the real world.
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MacLennan, Bruce. "Philosophia Naturalis Rediviva: Natural Philosophy for the Twenty-First Century". Philosophies 3, n. 4 (19 novembre 2018): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/philosophies3040038.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A revitalized practice of natural philosophy can help people to live a better life and promote a flourishing ecosystem. Such a philosophy is natural in two senses. First, it is natural by seeking to understand the whole of nature, including mental phenomena. Thus, a comprehensive natural philosophy should address the phenomena of sentience by embracing first- and second-person methods of investigation. Moreover, to expand our understanding of the world, natural philosophy should embrace a full panoply of explanations, similar to Aristotle’s four causes. Second, such a philosophy is natural by being grounded in human nature, taking full account of human capacities and limitations. Future natural philosophers should also make use of all human capacities, including emotion and intuition, as well as reason and perception, to investigate nature. Finally, since the majority of our brain’s activities are unconscious, natural philosophy should explore the unconscious mind with the aim of deepening our relation with the rest of nature and of enhancing well-being.
47
Shuval, Judith T., e Sky E. Gross. "Midwives Practice CAM: Feminism in the Delivery Room". Complementary health practice review 13, n. 1 (gennaio 2008): 46–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533210107311471.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This article focuses on midwives who practice complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in Israel. After qualifying as nurses in mainstream biomedical institutions, these midwives have, at some point in their careers, opted to study a variety of CAM skills and practice them in hospital delivery rooms in Israel. The authors explore the relationship of selected elements of feminist ideology to the epistemology of CAM midwives. Seven context-specific themes are viewed as central to their epistemological stance: rejection of the medicalization of birth; a strong belief in the “naturalness” of childbirth; rejection of the overuse of technology; empowerment of women; nostalgia and reverence for the past; centrality of intuition, feeling, and emotion; and active advocacy. In-depth, semistructured interviews were carried out during 2004 to 2005 with 13 midwives. These narratives provided empirical material for a qualitative analysis. Evidence is shown to demonstrate the unique feminist quality of the core beliefs of the CAM midwives.
48
Ulyanov, V. S., K. Yamafuji, S. V. Ulyanov e K. Tanaka. "Computational Intelligence with New Physical Controllability Measure for Robust Control Algorithm of Extension- Cableless Robotic Unicycle". Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 3, n. 2 (20 aprile 1999): 136–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.1999.p0136.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The biomechanical robotic unicycle system uses internal world representation described by emotion, instinct, and intuition. The basic intelligent control concept for a complex nonlinear nonholonomic biomechanical systems, as benchmark the <I>extension-cableless robotic unicycle,</I> uses a <I>thermodynamic approach</I> to study optimum control processes in complex nonlinear dynamic systems is represented here. An algorithm for calculating the entropy production rate is developed. A new physical measure, the minimum entropy production rate, is used as a Genetic Algorithm (GA) fitness function to calculate robotic unicycle robustness controllability and intelligent behavior. The interrelation between the Lyapunov function - a measure of stochastic stability - and the entropy production rate - the physical measure of controllability - in the biomechanical model is the mathematical background for designing soft computing algorithms in intelligent robotic unicycle control. The principle of minimum entropy production rate in control systems and control object motion in general is a new physical concept of smart robust control for the complex nonlinear nonholonomic biomechanical system, as benchmark, <I>extension-cableless robotic unicycle.</I>
49
Yang, Sunjin. "The God of rationality and intuition: Focusing on the concept of the God of Bergson". Research Institute for Life and Culture Sogang University 10 (30 novembre 2022): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17924/solc.2022.66.1.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Bergson does not use the tools of reason as a way to understand God. He attempts to understand God based on religious experience because he saw that rational God was only an abstract and ideological human composition. His mystical experience means not a conceptual understanding through the language provided by intelligence, but a direct method of intuition, regardless of all interpretation and theoretical frameworks, médiate. The way to approach God in an intuitive way is human emotional sensibility. The result of human experience experiencing God is an emotional dimension, and human emotions are experiencing God's love. This means meeting God on the emotional level of love. Bergson suggests an intuitive way, not human reason, as a way for humans to approach God. This is because understanding of God through human reason understands God as a conceptual and abstract system and eventually overlooks God's personality. Through reason, the moment you understand God, you can be reduced to an idealistic position that understands God, a personal being, as an abstract principle or system. Bergson's intuition does not mean animal instincts, only claims recovery, the essence of intelligence, because intellectual thinking distorts the essence of life. Bergson does not use the tools of reason as a way to understand God. He attempts to understand God based on religious experience because he saw that rational God was only an abstract and ideological human composition. The result of human experience experiencing God is an emotional dimension, and human emotions are experiencing God's love. This means meeting God on the emotional level of love.
50
English, Fenwick W., e Lisa Catherine Ehrich. "Innovatus interregnum: waiting for a paradigm shift". International Journal of Educational Management 29, n. 7 (14 settembre 2015): 851–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijem-05-2015-0055.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to establish the case that innovation in the theory and practice of educational administration/leadership is very unlikely to occur within the existing doxa of our times. By innovation is meant a novel conceptual or practical change in the field of practice. By doxa is meant the unquestioned rules of the game and the linkage between the agencies and organs of government and foundations supporting research in the field. An approach toward thinking outside of the prevailing doxa is presented and explained as one possible antidote to the current dominant model. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is a conceptual/logical analysis of the reasons why the current paradigm dominant in the study and the practice of educational administration/leadership is inadequate. The paradigm has not predicted anything currently unknown or understood yet its continued dominance in the field will not lead to any new discoveries or innovation but only continued verification of what is already known. Findings – The major findings are that the boundaries of behavioral empiricism and social science methods impose an orthodoxy of approach in examining matters of administrative and leadership practice. Subsequently, it not only limits but also prohibits any new breakthroughs in understanding or predicting novel thinking about administration and leadership in educational institutions. Breaking out of this conceptual and theoretical box will be difficult as it is embraced by an interlocking apparatus of agencies and institutions and enshrined in most research journals in the field. Research limitations/implications – It is unlikely that true new discoveries in understanding educational leadership will occur without a restoration of the full range of human emotions and motivations which inspire and sustain leaders. New visions of leadership are required which will lead to what Lakatos has called a progressive research program in which prediction is enhanced and novel aspects of leadership emerge. These are not likely to occur given the tradition of inquiry currently in use. To use Lakatos’ term, the current research program is de-generative or regressive and lags behind the actual practice of school leadership. Thus, the authors perpetuate the theory-practice gap. Practical implications – The continued employment of social science protocols anchored in behavioral empiricism and the scientific method are unlikely to lead to any new breakthroughs in the practice of educational administration/leadership. The lens of behavioral empiricism prohibits a complete understanding of the practice of leadership where that practice becomes “subjective” and/or essentially artistic in nature. Practice, therefore, is anchored only in what is considered “rational” and the non-rational aspects marginalized or eliminated. Social implications – Researchers working in the dominant social science perspectives using hard behavioral empirical traditions embodied in the usual perspective regarding the scientific method will continue to miss or marginalize the emotional and intuitive side of leadership, aspects which are hard to quantify and assess. Leaders not only act but they feel as well. Without emotion in leadership it is extremely hard to build trust in an organization. The moral responsibilities of leaders are also anchored in emotion and values held by the leader. These elements continue to be understated or marginalized in check list approaches to preparation and licensure. Originality/value – The originality of the paper synthesizes the parallel perspectives of William Foster, Karl Popper, Paul Feyerabend, Michel Foucault, Pierre Bourdieu, and Imre Lakatos as it pertains to explaining why the current theory of knowledge is not likely to lead to any new breakthroughs in the practice of educational administration/leadership. One different approach to thinking of leadership as connoisseurship is presented as a potential perspective from the arts as a way of viewing leadership as a form of performance in which emotion and intuition are recognized aspects of practice.