Bibliografie tematiche / Ion channels Molecular aspects

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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Ion channels Molecular aspects"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 28 gennaio 2023

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Ion channels Molecular aspects"

IMOTO, KEIJI. "Molecular Aspects of Ion Permeation through Channels." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 707, no. 1 Molecular Bas (December 1993): 38–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb38040.x.

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Vacher, Helene, Durga P. Mohapatra, and James S. Trimmer. "Localization and Targeting of Voltage-Dependent Ion Channels in Mammalian Central Neurons." Physiological Reviews 88, no. 4 (October 2008): 1407–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00002.2008.

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The intrinsic electrical properties and the synaptic input-output relationships of neurons are governed by the action of voltage-dependent ion channels. The localization of specific populations of ion channels with distinct functional properties at discrete sites in neurons dramatically impacts excitability and synaptic transmission. Molecular cloning studies have revealed a large family of genes encoding voltage-dependent ion channel principal and auxiliary subunits, most of which are expressed in mammalian central neurons. Much recent effort has focused on determining which of these subunits

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Fahlke, Christoph. "Ion permeation and selectivity in ClC-type chloride channels." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 280, no. 5 (May 1, 2001): F748—F757. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.2001.280.5.f748.

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Voltage-gated anion channels are present in almost every living cell and have many physiological functions. Recently, a novel gene family encoding voltage-gated chloride channels, the ClC family, was identified. The knowledge of primary amino acid sequences has allowed for the study of these anion channels in heterologous expression systems and made possible the combination of site-directed mutagenesis and high-resolution electrophysiological measurements as a means of gaining insights into the molecular basis of channel function. This review focuses on one particular aspect of chloride channe

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Tiffner, Adéla, Valentina Hopl, and Isabella Derler. "CRAC and SK Channels: Their Molecular Mechanisms Associated with Cancer Cell Development." Cancers 15, no. 1 (December 23, 2022): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15010101.

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Cancer represents a major health burden worldwide. Several molecular targets have been discovered alongside treatments with positive clinical outcomes. However, the reoccurrence of cancer due to therapy resistance remains the primary cause of mortality. Endeavors in pinpointing new markers as molecular targets in cancer therapy are highly desired. The significance of the co-regulation of Ca2+-permeating and Ca2+-regulated ion channels in cancer cell development, proliferation, and migration make them promising molecular targets in cancer therapy. In particular, the co-regulation of the Orai1 a

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Arcangeli, Annarosa. "Ion channels and transporters in cancer. 3. Ion channels in the tumor cell-microenvironment cross talk." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 301, no. 4 (October 2011): C762—C771. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00113.2011.

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The traditional view of cancer as a collection of proliferating cells must be reconsidered, and cancer must be viewed as a “tissue” constituted by both transformed cells and a heterogeneous microenvironment, that tumor cells construct and remodel during multistep tumorigenesis. The “tumor microenvironment” (TM) is formed by mesenchymal, endothelial, and immune cells immersed in a network of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and soluble factors. The TM strongly contributes to tumor progression, through long distance, cell-to-cell or cell-to-matrix signals, which influence different aspects of

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Hernández-Araiza, Ileana, Sara L. Morales-Lázaro, Jesús Aldair Canul-Sánchez, León D. Islas, and Tamara Rosenbaum. "Role of lysophosphatidic acid in ion channel function and disease." Journal of Neurophysiology 120, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 1198–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00226.2018.

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Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive phospholipid that exhibits a wide array of functions that include regulation of protein synthesis and adequate development of organisms. LPA is present in the membranes of cells and in the serum of several mammals and has also been shown to participate importantly in pathophysiological conditions. For several decades it was known that LPA produces some of its effects in cells through its interaction with specific G protein-coupled receptors, which in turn are responsible for signaling pathways that regulate cellular function. Among the target proteins

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Kytikova, Oxana Yu, Tatyana P. Novgorodtseva, Yulia K. Denisenko, Denis E. Naumov, Tatyana A. Gvozdenko, and Juliy M. Perelman. "Thermosensory Transient Receptor Potential Ion Channels and Asthma." Biomedicines 9, no. 7 (July 14, 2021): 816. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9070816.

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Asthma is a widespread chronic disease of the bronchopulmonary system with a heterogeneous course due to the complex etiopathogenesis. Natural-climatic and anthropogenic factors play an important role in the development and progression of this pathology. The reception of physical and chemical environmental stimuli and the regulation of body temperature are mediated by thermosensory channels, members of a subfamily of transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels. It has been found that genes encoding vanilloid, ankyrin, and melastatin TRP channels are involved in the development of some asth

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Weissmann, Carina, Adriana A. Albanese, Natalia E. Contreras, María N. Gobetto, Libia C. Salinas Castellanos, and Osvaldo D. Uchitel. "Ion channels and pain in Fabry disease." Molecular Pain 17 (January 2021): 174480692110331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17448069211033172.

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Fabry disease (FD) is a progressive, X-linked inherited disorder of glycosphingolipid metabolism due to deficient or absent lysosomal α-galactosidase A (α-Gal A) activity which results in progressive accumulation of globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) and related metabolites. One prominent feature of Fabry disease is neuropathic pain. Accumulation of Gb3 has been documented in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) as well as other neurons, and has lately been associated with the mechanism of pain though the pathophysiology is still unclear. Small fiber (SF) neuropathy in FD differs from other entities in several

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Turner, Kathryn L., and Harald Sontheimer. "Cl − and K + channels and their role in primary brain tumour biology." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 369, no. 1638 (March 19, 2014): 20130095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0095.

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Profound cell volume changes occur in primary brain tumours as they proliferate, invade surrounding tissue or undergo apoptosis. These volume changes are regulated by the flux of Cl − and K + ions and concomitant movement of water across the membrane, making ion channels pivotal to tumour biology. We discuss which specific Cl − and K + channels are involved in defined aspects of glioma biology and how these channels are regulated. Cl − is accumulated to unusually high concentrations in gliomas by the activity of the NKCC1 transporter and serves as an osmolyte and energetic driving force for vo

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Flaxer, Eli. "Comprehensive Controller for Super Sonic Molecular Beam Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer." Separations 9, no. 12 (December 7, 2022): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations9120417.

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This paper presents a new, comprehensive digital circuit used for the control of a novel gas chromatograph mass spectrometer (GC-MS) interface that is based on supersonic molecular beam (SMB). The circuit includes a Texas Instruments 150 MHz digital signal controller (DSC), high voltage amplifiers for 8 independent channels and 4 independent channels of high resolution pulse width modulation (PWM). The circuit, along with a sophisticated embedded program and a custom made personal computer (PC) application, control all aspects of the interface: smart filament emission-current stabilization, st

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Tesi sul tema "Ion channels Molecular aspects"

Qiu, Min Ru Clinical School of Medicine St Vincent's Hospital UNSW. "Functional and molecular aspects of ion channels in macrophages." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Clinical School of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, 2003. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/20442.

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Monocytes/macrophages play very important roles in innate and adaptive immunity. Ion channels are small molecules embedded in the cell membrane and they play fundamental roles in cell function. Both topics have been extensively studied in isolation, however the role of ion channels in macrophage function is far less understood. In this thesis, the functional and molecular aspects of two ion channels expressed in macrophages, Kor, a potassium channel, and CLIC1, a chloride channel were studied. The biological function of Kor and CLIC1 in activated human macrophages was examined using ion channe

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Corry, Ben Alexander. "Simulation studies of biological ion channels." View thesis entry in Australian Digital Theses Program, 2002. http://thesis.anu.edu.au/public/adt-ANU20030423.162927/index.html.

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Amiri, Shiva. "Computational modelling and molecular dynamics simulations of ligand-gated ion channels." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:119c7ccb-e7b2-4da1-a137-40c3289c3ad8.

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Torpedo AChR structure was used to make models of other LGICs. Coarse-grain MD allowed the identification of residues in the TM domain interacting with the lipid-bilayer. Born energy profiles through LGIC pores reveal that the EC domain plays a key role in ion selectivity.

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Hedley, Paula Louise. "Molecular and functional characterisation of Long QT Syndrome causing genes." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86480.

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Thesis (PhD)-- Stellenbosch University, 2014.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Ventricular arrhythmias are the most important cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD) among adults living in industrialised nations. Genetic factors have substantial effects in determining population-based risk for SCD and may also account for inter-individual variability in susceptibility. Great progress has been made in identifying genes underlying various Mendelian disorders associated with inherited arrhythmia susceptibility. The most well studied familial arrhythmia syndrome is the congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS) caused by

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Breed, Jason. "Molecular modelling of ion channels." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308690.

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Zhou, Xin. "Towards voltage-gated ion channels, molecular diodes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0012/NQ32730.pdf.

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Bjelkmar, Pär. "Modeling of voltage-gated ion channels." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för biokemi och biofysik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-63437.

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The recent determination of several crystal structures of voltage-gated ion channels has catalyzed computational efforts of studying these remarkable molecular machines that are able to conduct ions across biological membranes at extremely high rates without compromising the ion selectivity. Starting from the open crystal structures, we have studied the gating mechanism of these channels by molecular modeling techniques. Firstly, by applying a membrane potential, initial stages of the closing of the channel were captured, manifested in a secondary-structure change in the voltage-sensor. In a f

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Adcock, Charlotte. "Molecular modelling and electrostatic properties of ion channels." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297941.

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Bahnasi, Yahya Mohamed. "Molecular physiology and pharmacolgy of TRPC5 ion channels." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496554.

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Elliott, David James Stuart. "Molecular mechanisms of voltage sensing by ion channels." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.406206.

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Libri sul tema "Ion channels Molecular aspects"

Society of General Physiologists. Symposium. Ion channels and genetic diseases. New York: Rockefeller University Press, 1995.

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Boeynaems, J. M. Regulation of the vascular endothelium: Signals and transduction mechanisms. Austin: R.G.Landes, 1994.

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NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Molecular Biology of Neuroreceptors and Ion Channels (1988 Thera Island, Greece). Molecular biology of neuroreceptors and ion channels. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1989.

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Maelicke, Alfred, ed. Molecular Biology of Neuroreceptors and Ion Channels. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74155-5.

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Clark, J. Marshall, ed. Molecular Action of Insecticides on Ion Channels. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1995-0591.

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Becchetti, Andrea. Integrins and ion channels: Molecular complexes and signaling. New York: Springer Science+Business Media, 2010.

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1963-, Becchetti Andrea, and Arcangeli Annarosa, eds. Integrins and ion channels: Molecular complexes and signaling. New York: Springer Science+Business Media, 2010.

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Y, Kao C., Levinson S. R, and New York Academy of Sciences., eds. Tetrodotoxin, saxitoxin, and the molecular biology of the sodium channel. New York, N.Y: New York Academy of Sciences, 1986.

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Derek, Chadwick, Goode Jamie, and Novartis Foundation, eds. Mammalian TRP channels as molecular targets. Chichester: John Wiley, 2004.

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Morad, Martin, Setsuro Ebashi, Wolfgang Trautwein, and Yoshihisa Kurachi, eds. Molecular Physiology and Pharmacology of Cardiac Ion Channels and Transporters. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3990-8.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Ion channels Molecular aspects"

Barchi, Robert L. "Molecular Aspects of Voltage-Dependent Ion Channels." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 107–17. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-6015-5_9.

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Gillery, Marie-Jose, and Raoul Ranjeva. "Characterization of Calcium Channels in Carrot Cells." In Molecular and Cellular Aspects of Calcium in Plant Development, 421–22. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2177-4_89.

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Nelson, Deborah J., and Harry A. Fozzard. "Ion Channels." In Principles of Molecular Regulation, 135–48. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-032-2_8.

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Becchetti, Andrea, and Patrizia Aracri. "Ion Channels and Transporters." In Molecular Life Sciences, 1–22. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6436-5_190-2.

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Becchetti, Andrea, and Patrizia Aracri. "Ion Channels and Transporters." In Molecular Life Sciences, 591–610. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1531-2_190.

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Haerteis, Silke, and Stephan Kellenberger. "Acid-Sensing Ion Channels." In Encyclopedia of Molecular Pharmacology, 1–7. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21573-6_10054-1.

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Haerteis, Silke, and Stephan Kellenberger. "Acid-Sensing Ion Channels." In Encyclopedia of Molecular Pharmacology, 18–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57401-7_10054.

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Reuter, H. "Regulation of Ion Channels." In Molecular Mechanisms of Hormone Action, 126–31. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75022-9_15.

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Swandulla, Dieter, and Hanns Ulrich Zeilhofer. "Calcium Regulation of Ion Channels." In Integrative Aspects of Calcium Signalling, 79–97. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1901-4_5.

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Dunn, Susan M. J., Manjunatha B. Bhat, and A. Murat Öz. "The Molecular Structure and Gating of Calcium Channels." In Ion Channels and Ion Pumps, 1–18. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2596-6_1.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Ion channels Molecular aspects"

Cheng, C. H., Y. W. Chang, and C. W. Hong. "Multi-Scale Analysis of Transport Phenomenon Inside the SOFC Using MD and CFD Techniques." In ASME 2004 2nd International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2004-2491.

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This paper analyzes the transport phenomenon of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) from micro and macro aspects. The micro-scale model focuses on the ion hopping transportation inside the solid electrolyte and the macro-scale model aims at the flow phenomenon and thermal management inside the diffusion layers and the flow channel. In SOFCs, oxygen ions are conducted through the ceramic membrane of Yttria-Stablized Ziconia (YSZ), which is composed of ZrO2 and Y2O3. This paper uses molecular dynamics (MD) method to evaluate the ion conductivity of the solid electrolyte. Doping with different percent

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Tieleman, D. Peter. "Molecular Motions in Ion Channels: a Possible Link to Noise in Single Channels." In UNSOLVED PROBLEMS OF NOISE AND FLUCTUATIONS: UPoN 2002: Third International Conference on Unsolved Problems of Noise and Fluctuations in Physics, Biology, and High Technology. AIP, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1584904.

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Diaz-Torres, A., D. J. Hinde, M. Dasgupta, G. J. Milburn, J. A. Tostevin, K. Ernst Rehm, Birger B. Back, Henning Esbensen, and C. J. (Kim) Lister. "Coupled-Channels Approach for Dissipative Quantum Dynamics in Near-Barrier Collisions." In FUSION08: New Aspects of Heavy Ion Collisions Near the Coulomb Barrier. AIP, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3108859.

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Lukyanov, S. M., Yu E. Penionzhkevich, R. A. Astabatyan, N. A. Demekhina, Z. Dlouhy, M. P. Ivanov, R. Kalpakchieva, et al. "The 2n-Evaporation Channels In the Fusion of [sup 4,6]He with [sup 206,208]Pb." In FUSION08: New Aspects of Heavy Ion Collisions Near the Coulomb Barrier. AIP, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3108814.

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Daiguji, Hirofumi. "Transport and Adsorption Phenomena in Mesoporous Silica." In ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with the ASME 2012 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2012 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2012-73137.

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The analysis and control of transport phenomena in fluidic nanopores and nanochannels is important in applications such as biochemical analysis, power generation and environmental protection. A unique aspect of nanofluidics is that the relevant length scale is comparable to the range of various surface and interfacial forces in liquids (such as electrostatic, van der Waals and steric interactions). Thus, to obtain an adequate description of transport phenomena in nanospace, it is necessary to understand the discreteness of molecules, especially when the size decreases to 2 nm. Micelle-template

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Spijker, Peter, Albert J. Markvoort, Huub M. M. ten Eikelder, Silvia V. Nedea, and Peter A. J. Hilbers. "New Derivation of a Particle Wall Boundary Condition in Molecular Dynamics." In ASME 2007 5th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2007-30094.

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In this paper a new particle wall boundary condition to replace explicit solid walls in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations is proposed. This new wall potential reduces the computational complexity considerably and allows the investigation of larger channels without compromising macroscopic quantities, such as density, temperature, pressure and heat flux. Since it is common practice in MD to truncate pair interaction potentials, an alternative and explicit derivation of the wall potential is possible, which is in contrast to previous work. Moreover, different types of crystal lattices can be i

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Tavousi, Pouya, Meysam T. Chorsi, Caitlyn Mundrane, Vitaliy Gorbatyuk, Kazem Kazerounian, and Horea Ilies. "Kinematic Design of Functional Nanoscale Mechanisms From Molecular Primitives." In ASME 2020 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2020-22061.

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Abstract Natural nanomechanisms such as capillaries, neurotransmitters, and ion channels play a vital role in the living systems. But the design principles developed by nature through evolution are not well understood and, hence, not applicable to engineered nanomachines. Thus, the design of nanoscale mechanisms with prescribed functions remains a challenge. Here, we present a systematic approach based on established kinematics techniques to designing, analyzing, and controlling manufacturable nanomachines with prescribed mobility and function built from a finite but extendable number of avail

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Wang, Yu, and Zhenyu Liu. "Effect of Temperature on Velocity Profiles of Ions and Water Molecules in Charged Nanotubes." In ASME 2020 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2020 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting and the ASME 2020 18th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2020-9026.

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Abstract High surface charge density makes it possible for charge inversion to occur in the electrical double layer, in which cases, flow reversal appears for electroosmotic driven flow that is one of the best-known methods of fluid transport based on the electro-kinetic phenomenon. Reverse electroosmotic flow of an aqueous solution of KCl was studied using MD method in this work. Nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations were carried out to investigate the effect of temperature on velocity profiles of ions and water molecules confined in charged carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with a diameter of

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Smith, Sonya T., and Richard Chadwick. "Nanofluidics of Mammalian Hearing." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-64729.

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The inner hair cell stereocilia bundle performs the role of transducer in mammalian hearing. Acoustic stimuli deflect the hair bundle to open ion channels, resulting in cation influx and the subsequent release of a neurotransmitter at the base of the cell. Hypotheses for this transduction include fluid shear-driven motion between the tectorial membrane and the reticular lamina to deflect the bundle. It is presumed that ‘molecular gates’ sense tension in tip-links that connect adjacent stepped rows of stereocilia to open the channels. However, almost nothing is known about the endolymphatic flo

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Kim, Daejoong, and Eric Darve. "Interactions of Wall Roughness and Electroosmotic Flows Inside Nanochannels." In ASME 3rd International Conference on Microchannels and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icmm2005-75237.

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We are reporting electroosmotic flows in nanochannels having different surface roughness. Molecular dynamics simulation technique has been applied to understand microscopic or molecular aspects of solid-liquid interactions. The surface roughness in this study was modeled as a succession of expanding and contracting steps along the flow direction, determined by the electric field direction. Water and sodium ion density profiles for the smooth wall show strong layering of water molecules near the solid wall. For rough walls, the density profiles are very similar for all cases except where the st

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Ion channels Molecular aspects"

Marshall, Garland R. Molecular Mechanism of Voltage-Dependent Ion Channels. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada229777.

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Tel-Zur, Neomi, and Jeffrey J. Doyle. Role of Polyploidy in Vine Cacti Speciation and Crop Domestication. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7697110.bard.

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1. Abstract: Over the past 25 years, vine cacti of the genera Hylocereus and Selenicereus have been introduced into Israel and southern California as new exotic fruit crops. The importance of these crops lies in their high water use efficiency and horticultural potential as exotic fruit crops. Our collaboration focused on the cytological, molecular and evolutionary aspects of vine cacti polyploidization to confront the agricultural challenge of genetic improvement, ultimately to improve success of vine cacti as commercial fruit crop plants. More specifically, we worked on the: 1- Identificatio

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Wackett, Lawrence, Raphi Mandelbaum, and Michael Sadowsky. Bacterial Mineralization of Atrazine as a Model for Herbicide Biodegradation: Molecular and Applied Aspects. United States Department of Agriculture, January 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1999.7695835.bard.

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Atrazine is a broadly used herbicide in agriculture and it was used here as a model to study the biodegradation of herbicides. The bacterium Pseudomonas sp. ADP metabolizes atrazine to carbon dioxide and ammonia and chloride. The genes encoding atrazine catabolism to cyanuric acid were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The genes were designated atzA, atzB and atzC. Each gene was sequenced. The enzyme activities were characterized. AtzA is atrazine chlorohydrolase which takes atrazine to hydroxyatrizine. AtzB is hydroxyatrazine N-ethylaminohydrolase which produces N-isopropylammelide an

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Shani, Uri, Lynn Dudley, Alon Ben-Gal, Menachem Moshelion, and Yajun Wu. Root Conductance, Root-soil Interface Water Potential, Water and Ion Channel Function, and Tissue Expression Profile as Affected by Environmental Conditions. United States Department of Agriculture, October 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7592119.bard.

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Constraints on water resources and the environment necessitate more efficient use of water. The key to efficient management is an understanding of the physical and physiological processes occurring in the soil-root hydraulic continuum.While both soil and plant leaf water potentials are well understood, modeled and measured, the root-soil interface where actual uptake processes occur has not been sufficiently studied. The water potential at the root-soil interface (yᵣₒₒₜ), determined by environmental conditions and by soil and plant hydraulic properties, serves as a boundary value in soil and p

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