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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Ischemic stroke"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 21 dicembre 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Ischemic stroke"

Kern, Ralph Z. "Progress in Clinical Neurosciences: Migraine-Stroke: A Causal Relationship, but Which Direction?" Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 31, n. 4 (novembre 2004): 451–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100003620.

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A significant association between migraine and ischemic stroke has been demonstrated in population and case-control studies. The risk of ischemic stroke appears to be higher in migraine with aura (MWA) than migraine without aura (MwoA). Migraine-stroke comprises a number of distinct entities, including migrainous infarction, in which ischemic stroke occurs during an attack of MWA and migraine-related stroke, in which the causal link is less clear. Migrainous infarction accounts for only one-third of migraine-stroke, strokes may occur during attacks of MwoA, and a number of cerebrovascular disorders may present as MWA or MwoA. Migraine may occur as a consequence of conditions that are known to cause stroke; therefore it remains to be determined whether migraine predisposes to stroke in the absence of any known disease associations, if it is an epiphenomenon of an underlying stroke diathesis, or if it requires the presence of another stroke risk factor to produce cerebral ischemia. Furthermore, it is unclear if ischemia results in migraine more often than migraine results in ischemia. Careful clinical studies that evaluate this bidirectional relationship are needed to determine why migraine patients are subject to a higher risk of ischemic stroke.

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Pan, Jingrui, Xiangpen Li e Ying Peng. "Remote ischemic conditioning for acute ischemic stroke: dawn in the darkness". Reviews in the Neurosciences 27, n. 5 (1 luglio 2016): 501–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2015-0043.

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AbstractStroke is a leading cause of disability with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Of all strokes, 87% are ischemic. The only approved treatments for acute ischemic stroke are intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase within 4.5 h and thrombectomy within 8 h after symptom onset, which can be applied to just a few patients. During the past decades, ischemic preconditioning has been widely studied to confirm its neuroprotection against subsequent ischemia/reperfusion injury in the brain, including preconditioning in situ or in a remote organ (such as a limb) before onset of brain ischemia, the latter of which is termed as remote ischemic preconditioning. Because acute stroke is unpredicted, ischemic preconditioning is actually not suitable for clinical application. So remote ischemic conditioning performed during or after the ischemic duration of the brain was then designed to study its neuroprotection alone or in combination with alteplase in animals and patients, which is named as remote ischemic perconditioning or remote ischemic postconditioning. As expected, animal experiments and clinical trials both showed exciting results, indicating that an evolution in the treatment for acute ischemic stroke may not be far away. However, some problems or disputes still exist. This review summarizes the research progress and unresolved issues of remote ischemic conditioning (pre-, per-, and post-conditioning) in treating acute ischemic stroke, with the hope of advancing our understanding of this promising neuroprotective strategy for ischemic stroke in the near future.

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Boling, Bryan, e Katie Keinath. "Acute Ischemic Stroke". AACN Advanced Critical Care 29, n. 2 (15 giugno 2018): 152–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/aacnacc2018483.

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Acute ischemic stroke is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in the United States and worldwide. Despite the development of specialized stroke centers, mortality and morbidity as a result of acute ischemic strokes can and do happen anywhere. These strokes are emergency situations requiring immediate intervention. This article covers the fundamentals of care involved in treating patients with acute ischemic stroke, including essentials for the initial evaluation, basic neuroimaging, reperfusion therapies, critical care management, and palliative care, as well as current controversies. National guidelines and current research are presented, along with recommendations for implementation.

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Brinjikji, Waleed, Jonathan M. Morris, Robert D. Brown, Kent R. Thielen, John T. Wald, Caterina Giannini, Harry J. Cloft e Christopher P. Wood. "Neuroimaging Findings in Cardiac Myxoma Patients: A Single-Center Case Series of 47 Patients". Cerebrovascular Diseases 40, n. 1-2 (2015): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000381833.

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Background and Purpose: Cardiac myxomas can present with a myriad of neurological complications including stroke, cerebral aneurysm formation and metastatic disease. Our study had two objectives: (1) to describe the neuroimaging findings of patients with cardiac myxomas and (2) to examine the relationship between a history of embolic complications secondary to myxoma and intracranial aneurysm formation, hemorrhage and metastatic disease. We hypothesized that patients who present with embolic complications related to myxoma would be more likely to have such complications. Materials and Methods: We searched our institutional database for all patients with pathologically proven cardiac myxomas from 1995 to 2014 who received neuroimaging. Neuroimaging findings were categorized as acute ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, oncotic aneurysm, and cerebral metastasis. Cardiac myxoma patients were divided into those presenting with embolic complications (i.e. lower extremity emboli or cerebral emboli) and those presenting with non-embolic complications prior to surgical resection of the myxoma. The prevalence of intracranial hemorrhage, myxomatous aneurysm formation, and cerebral metastases was compared in myxoma patients presenting with and without embolic complications using a Chi-squared test. Results: Forty-seven consecutive patients were included in this study. Sixteen patients (34.0%) had imaging evidence of acute ischemic stroke. Of these, 13 had acute ischemic strokes directly attributed to the cardiac myxoma (27.7%) and 3 had acute ischemic strokes secondary to causes other than myxoma (6.4%). Seven patients (14.9%) had aneurysms. Two patients (4.3%) had parenchymal metastatic disease on long-term imaging. Fourteen patients (29.8%) presented with ischemic symptoms that were attributed to cardiac myxoma (1 with lower extremity ischemia, 1 with lower extremity ischemia and ischemic stroke, and 12 with ischemic stroke). Patients presenting with embolic complications related to the myxoma (ischemic stroke or lower extremity ischemia) were more likely to have imaging evidence of intracranial hemorrhage (21.4 vs. 3.0%, p = 0.09), oncotic aneurysm (35.7 vs. 6.1%, p = 0.03), and cerebral metastasis (14.3 vs. 0.0%, p = 0.07) on follow-up imaging. Conclusions: Ischemic stroke and intracranial oncotic aneurysm were found in a substantial proportion of cardiac myxoma patients undergoing neuroimaging. Patients presenting with embolic complications of cardiac myxoma are more likely to have intracranial hemorrhage, intracranial oncotic aneurysms, and cerebral metastatic disease.

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Khodjaeva, N. A. "PREVALENCE OF ISCHEMIC STROKE IN BUKHARA REGION". Oriental Journal of Medicine and Pharmacology 02, n. 01 (1 marzo 2022): 168–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/supsci-ojmp-02-01-13.

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We analyzed the frequency of occurrence of various types of strokes and studied data on the epidemiology of ischemic stroke subtypes using the example of one neurological department. The most common was the atherothrombotic type of ischemic stroke, the least common was the hemodynamic type. The highest risk of ischemic stroke of various types are people with hypertension, tobacco users and overweight, the likelihood of ischemic stroke is higher in autumn and spring.

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Simats, Alba, Laura Ramiro, Teresa García-Berrocoso, Ferran Briansó, Ricardo Gonzalo, Luna Martín, Anna Sabé et al. "A Mouse Brain-based Multi-omics Integrative Approach Reveals Potential Blood Biomarkers for Ischemic Stroke". Molecular & Cellular Proteomics 19, n. 12 (31 agosto 2020): 1921–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/mcp.ra120.002283.

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Stroke remains a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Despite continuous advances, the identification of key molecular signatures in the hyper-acute phase of ischemic stroke is still a primary interest for translational research on stroke diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Data integration from high-throughput -omics techniques has become crucial to unraveling key interactions among different molecular elements in complex biological contexts, such as ischemic stroke. Thus, we used advanced data integration methods for a multi-level joint analysis of transcriptomics and proteomics data sets obtained from mouse brains at 2 h after cerebral ischemia. By modeling net-like correlation structures, we identified an integrated network of genes and proteins that are differentially expressed at a very early stage after stroke. We validated 10 of these deregulated elements in acute stroke, and changes in their expression pattern over time after cerebral ischemia were described. Of these, CLDN20, GADD45G, RGS2, BAG5, and CTNND2 were next evaluated as blood biomarkers of cerebral ischemia in mice and human blood samples, which were obtained from stroke patients and patients presenting stroke-mimicking conditions. Our findings indicate that CTNND2 levels in blood might potentially be useful for distinguishing ischemic strokes from stroke-mimicking conditions in the hyper-acute phase of the disease. Furthermore, circulating GADD45G content within the first 6 h after stroke could also play a key role in predicting poor outcomes in stroke patients. For the first time, we have used an integrative biostatistical approach to elucidate key molecules in the initial stages of stroke pathophysiology and highlight new notable molecules that might be further considered as blood biomarkers of ischemic stroke.

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Nawab, Kalsoom, Anwar Ul Haq, Mehmood Akhtar Khattak, Hina Gul, Naheed Khan e Irsa Shoaib. "A Systematic Review of Magnetic Resonance Imaging for the Diagnosis of Stroke". Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 17, n. 3 (8 giugno 2023): 764–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023173764.

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Background: With the advancement of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a non-invasive imaging technique, ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke diagnostic accuracy has increased significantly. The intricate resolution of MRI enables better visualisation of the structure of the brain and vulnerable regions to ischemia. As a result, the detection of hypoperfused areas is now more accurate. Additionally, MRI makes it possible to see hematomas in the brain, revealing hemorrhagic strokes brought on by burst arteries. MRI has become an essential tool in the fight against strokes because to its crucial role in evaluating damage caused by strokes. Purpose: The purpose of this article is to examine the advantages and disadvantages of utilising MRI scans to identify strokes. The use of MRI technology to identify brain injury and differentiate between strokes caused by blood flow and haemorrhage will be highlighted. When it comes to stroke therapy and prognosis, MRI might potentially affect the advice given by doctors. Methods: The Department of Radiology at KTH Hospital Peshawar thoroughly investigated the possibility of MRI for stroke diagnosis between March 2016 and March 2017. We searched the PubMed and EMBASE archives for papers about the use of MRI in stroke patient investigations in order to assemble the most information possible. We only chose studies that have a main concentration on MRI imaging and stroke patients. Results: Twenty-nine research publications examined the efficiency of MRI with an emphasis on stroke diagnosis. Twenty-four of them examined ischemic stroke diagnosis, while the remaining five concentrated on hemorrhagic stroke diagnosis. Findings showed that MRI was very accurate, with a sensitivity and specificity of up to 97% for ischemic stroke detection. MRI shown success in the diagnosis of hemorrhagic stroke, with a sensitivity and specificity of up to [100%]. Conclusions: MRI is a crucial tool for the diagnosis and treatment of stroke. Because of the great accuracy and sensitivity of this imaging method, both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes may be identified. It also carefully evaluates the effects of a stroke on the brain. The early and successful diagnosis and treatment of stroke depend heavily on the use of MRI. Keywords: diagnosis, ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, and magnetic resonance imaging

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Babirad, A. M. "ATTITUDES TOWARDS DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC PHASE OF ISCHEMIC STROKE BY THE RESULTS OF THE PERSONAL QUESTIONNAIRE OF THE BEKHTEREV INSTITUTE". East European Journal of Parkinson`s Disease and Movement Disorders 6, n. 3-4 (30 dicembre 2020): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33444/2414-0007.6.3-4.19-26.

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Every year, strokes are diagnosed in about 16 million people, of whom 5.7 million die and about the same number become disabled (Feigin V.L., Forouzanfar M.H., Krishnamurthi R., et al., 2014; Virani S.S., Alonso A., Benjamin E.J., et al., 2020; Kim J., Thayabaranathan T., Donnan G.A., et al. 2020). The objective of our research was to study the attitudes towards disease in patients with chronic phase of ischemic stroke. Material and methods. 100 consecutive patients with chronic phase of ischemic stroke and 17 patients with chronic cerebral ischemia were questioned in neurology in-patient department. The types of attitude towards disease were identified with the help of the Personal Questionnaire of the Bekhterev Institute. Results. We found that pathological types of attitude towards disease begin to form before the development of a stroke as a result of chronic cerebral ischemia. Among patients with chronic phase of ischemic stroke, pathological types of attitude towards disease prevailed significantly, and the harmonious type was rare (84.0% vs 16.0%, p < 0.001). The most frequently observed were neurasthenic (36.0%), harmonious (16.0%), anxious (16.0%), ergopathic (10.0%) and sensitive (8.0%) types of attitude towards disease. Our study has shown that any ischemic stroke, even in the case of complete recovery of the lost functions, can be associated with pathological types of attitude towards disease. Keywords: ischemic stroke, the Personal Questionnaire of the Bekhterev Institute, attitudes towards disease.

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Al-Mufti, Fawaz, Krishna Amuluru, William Roth, Rolla Nuoman, Mohammad El-Ghanem e Philip M. Meyers. "Cerebral Ischemic Reperfusion Injury Following Recanalization of Large Vessel Occlusions". Neurosurgery 82, n. 6 (11 luglio 2017): 781–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuros/nyx341.

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Abstract Although stroke has recently dropped to become the nation's fifth leading cause of mortality, it remains the top leading cause of morbidity and disability in the US. Recent advances in stroke treatment, including intravenous fibrinolysis and mechanical thromboembolectomy, allow treatment of a greater proportion of stroke patients than ever before. While intra-arterial fibrinolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen is an effective for treatment of a broad range of acute ischemic strokes, endovascular mechanical thromboembolectomy procedures treat severe strokes due to large artery occlusions, often resistant to intravenous drug. Together, these procedures result in a greater proportion of revascularized stroke patients than ever before, up to 88% in 1 recent trial (EXTEND-IA). Subsequently, there is a growing need for neurointensivists to develop more effective strategies to manage stroke patients following successful reperfusion. Cerebral ischemic reperfusion injury (CIRI) is defined as deterioration of brain tissue suffered from ischemia that concomitantly reverses the benefits of re-establishing cerebral blood flow following mechanical or chemical therapies for acute ischemic stroke. Herein, we examine the pathophysiology of CIRI, imaging modalities, and potential neuroprotective strategies. Additionally, we sought to lay down a potential treatment approach for patients with CIRI following emergent endovascular recanalization for acute ischemic stroke.

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Berthet, Carole, Lijing Xin, Lara Buscemi, Corinne Benakis, Rolf Gruetter, Lorenz Hirt e Hongxia Lei. "Non-Invasive Diagnostic Biomarkers for Estimating the Onset Time of Permanent Cerebral Ischemia". Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 34, n. 11 (3 settembre 2014): 1848–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.2014.155.

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The treatments for ischemic stroke can only be administered in a narrow time-window. However, the ischemia onset time is unknown in ∼ 30% of stroke patients (wake-up strokes). The objective of this study was to determine whether MR spectra of ischemic brains might allow the precise estimation of cerebral ischemia onset time. We modeled ischemic stroke in male ICR-CD1 mice using a permanent middle cerebral artery filament occlusion model with laser Doppler control of the regional cerebral blood flow. Mice were then subjected to repeated MRS measurements of ipsilateral striatum at 14.1 T. A striking initial increase in γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and no increase in glutamine were observed. A steady decline was observed for taurine (Tau), N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and similarly for the sum of NAA+Tau+glutamate that mimicked an exponential function. The estimation of the time of onset of permanent ischemia within 6 hours in a blinded experiment with mice showed an accuracy of 33 ± 10 minutes. A plot of GABA, Tau, and neuronal marker concentrations against the ratio of acetate/NAA allowed precise separation of mice whose ischemia onset lay within arbitrarily chosen time-windows. We conclude that 1H-MRS has the potential to detect the clinically relevant time of onset of ischemic stroke.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Ischemic stroke"

Обухова, Ольга Анатоліївна, Ольга Анатольевна Обухова, Olha Anatoliivna Obukhova e K. M. Sheikh. "Candidate genes of ischemic stroke". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/32180.

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Stroke has long been recognized as a major problem for public health. Ischemic stroke (IS) ranks third (after myocardial infarction and cancer) as a cause of death around the world. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/32180

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Kostulas, Konstantinos. "Genetic analysis of ischemic stroke and predisposing carotid artery stenosis : a stroke carol /". Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-395-5/.

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Chong, Boon Hor, e 鍾文一. "Risk of ischemic stroke and recurrent hemorrhagic stroke in Chinese population". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47323450.

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Stroke is a devastating, neurological dysfunction due to brain blood supply disturbance. It is responsible for increasingly high rate of mortality and disability worldwide. This thesis comprises two original studies involving 868 patients at risk of ischemic stroke and/or hemorrhagic stroke. The first study investigated aspirin’s effect among patients with intracranial hemorrhage. Unlike Caucasians which hemorrhagic strokes account for 10-15% of all strokes; in Chinese, intracranial hemorrhages strike up to 35%. After such, anti-platelet agent like aspirin is often avoided for fear of recurrent intracranial hemorrhages, despite compelling indications. However, clinical data is limited. In this single-centered observational study, we included 440 consecutive Chinese patients with a first spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage surviving the first month performed during 1996-2010. 56 patients (12.7%) of these 440 patients were prescribed aspirin after intracranial hemorrhage (312 patient-aspirin years). After a mean follow-up of 62.2 ± 1.8 months, 47 patients had recurrent intracranial hemorrhage(10.7%, 20.6 per 1,000 patient years). Patients prescribed aspirin did not have higher risk of recurrent intracranial hemorrhage compared with those without (22.7 per 1,000 patient-aspirin years vs. 22.4 per 1,000 patient years, p=0.70). Multivariate analysis identified age > 60 years and hypertension as independent predictors for recurrent intracranial hemorrhage. In a subgroup analysis: the incidence of combined vascular events including recurrent intracranial hemorrhage, ischemic stroke, and acute coronary syndrome was statistically lower in patients prescribed aspirin than without (52.4 per 1,000 patient-aspirin years, vs. 112.8 per 1,000 patient-years, p=0.04). Implications of the results: despite having a substantial risk for recurrent intracranial hemorrhage, post-intracranial hemorrhage ones are at risk for thrombotic vascular events and management goal should thus focus on ameliorating overall cardiovascular risk instead of preventing recurrent intracranial hemorrhage. Hence, thrombo-prophylaxis should still be considered. The second study investigated the relation between premature atrial complexes and new-onset atrial fibrillation together with other cardiovascular events. Premature atrial complexes though taken as benign phenomenon, are common in patients with underlying conditions such as coronary heart disease, chronic rheumatic heart disease. While prompt management of atrial fibrillation may prevent ischemic stroke, atrial fibrillation is often unfound until ischemic stroke occurs. In this study, 428 patients without atrial fibrillation but complained of palpitations, dizziness or syncope were recruited. 107 patients with >100 premature atrial complexes/day were defined to have frequent premature atrial complexes. After a mean follow-up of 6.1 ±1.3 years, 31 patients (29%) with frequent premature atrial complexes developed atrial fibrillation compared with 29 patients (9%) with premature atrial complexes?100/day (p<0.01). Cox regression analysis revealed: frequent premature atrial complexes, age>75 years and coronary artery disease were independent predictors. In secondary endpoint (ischemic stroke, congestive heart failure, and death), patients with frequent premature atrial complexes were more at risk than those without (34.5% vs. 19.3%) (Hazard ratio: 1.95, 95% confidence interval: 1.37-3.50, p=0.001). Cox regression analysis showed: age> 75 years, coronary artery disease and frequent premature atrial complexes were independent predictors. These permit early identification of high risks patients of new atrial fibrillation and other events, thus promoting appropriate preventive treatment.
published_or_final_version
Medicine
Master
Master of Philosophy

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裴中 e Zhong Pei. "Neuroprotection of melatonin in ischemic stroke models". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31243526.

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McVerry, Ferghal. "Multimodal CT imaging in acute ischemic stroke". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2014. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4868/.

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Introduction: Options for imaging in acute stroke are expanding with the potential to select therapy based on imaging targets, as well as providing additional diagnostic and prognostic information. Multimodal CT has been used to image the ischemic penumbra, infarct core, and to detect leptomeningeal collateral flow although the optimum way to image these variables is not clear. Methods: In addition to a systematic literature review of imaging for leptomeningeal collaterals, Data from observational studies of acute stroke which employed multimodal CT imaging on admission and follow up was used to evaluate feasibility of acute stroke imaging with CT and MRI, Perfusion thresholds for core and ischemic penumbra, methods to quantify leptomeningeal collateral flow and sensitivity of non contrast CT for detecting infarct core pixels. Results: Advanced imaging in acute stroke and at follow up was more feasible with CT compared to MRI with the possible suggestion that imaging with MRI alone could introduce a bias regarding age and clinical severity for patients entered into clinical studies Heterogeneity in grading and detecting collateral flow was found in the literature providing an opportunity to devise a novel assessment method. Well developed collaterals were associated with imaging and clinical markers for good outcome as well as some potential biomarkers including atrial fibrillation and blood fibrinogen level. Relative cerebral blood flow and delay time were found to be the best predictors on infarct core and ischemic penumbra after derivation of optimum perfusion thresholds and subsequent validation in independent patient groups. Pixel based comparison of infarct core on CT perfusion and non contrast CT highlighted the lack of sensitivity of CT for detecting infarct core based on Hounsfield unit value alone. Conclusion: Multimodal CT for acute stroke assessment offers the potential for measuring infarct core, ischemic penumbra and leptomeningeal collateral flow status rapidly according to novel grading scales and thresholds and provides information on tissue viability which cannot be detected on non-contrast CT. Further evaluation on the impact additional imaging should have in clinical practice is needed.

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Daubenspeck, April Arnold. "Proteomic Analysis of Ischemic Stroke Blood Biomarkers". Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1515748115902114.

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Vendrame, Martina. "Cord blood cell therapy for ischemic stroke". [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000462.

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Walsh, Kyle B. "Plasma Biomarkers for Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke Diagnosis". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1511859455574062.

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Abulafia, Denise P. "Inflammatory Mechanisms After Thromboembolic Ischemic Stroke in Mice". Scholarly Repository, 2008. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/122.

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Stroke induces multiple pathological sequelae directly affecting neuronal survival and eliciting short and long-term deficits in behavioral outcome. Most of stroke models utilized to investigate these pathological consequences are based on pure cerebral ischemia models. However, human thromboembolic stroke is characterized by a complex multifactorial response that involves the activation of the cerebral microcirculation by the occluding thrombus. Here, we have characterized a novel mouse model of tromboembolic stroke that mimics most of the clinical aspects of the human pathology. The common carotid artery thrombosis (CCAT) model produces consistent and reproducible infarcts and triggers an inflammatory response comparable to other well established models of stroke. Several of the pathological consequences of cerebral ischemia are triggered by focal inflammatory processes that occur early after the ischemic event. Cerebral inflammation is initiated by an early release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These active cytokines promote the recruitment of inflammatory cells from the blood cerebral circulation into the brain parenchyma and subsequent release of additional amounts of inflammatory cytokines. This exacerbated cytokine response result in further irreversible neuronal and histopathological damage. Cytokines interleukyne-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and interleukyne-18 (IL-18) maturation requires the presence of active caspase-1. Activation of caspase-1 in the peripheral immune response involves the recruitment of several caspase-1 molecules into a macromolecular complex termed the inflammasome. Cerebral ischemia triggers the synthesis and activation of caspase-1. However, the cellular mechanisms associated to the activation of caspase-1 in the ischemic brain remain to be elucidated. In this study, we demonstrate that the NLRP1-inflammasome composed by capase-1, ASC (apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-activating recruitment domain) and NLRP1 (NLR (nucleotide binding, leucine-rich repeat) is assembled following the ischemic event. Moreover, we have characterized the cellular distribution of the inflammasome proteins in the normal and the ischemic brain. Data from this investigation suggest that six to twenty four hours following CCAT the inflammasome complex is assembled in neurons while microglia, macrophages and astrocytes form this complex at 7 days following cerebral ischemia. On the basis of these findings we next investigated whether inhibition of the inflammasome complex reduces the inflammatory response after ischemia. Neutralization of NLRP1 utilizing a specific antibody, revealed decreased activation of caspase-1 and IL-1 beta and reduced histopathological damage within the ischemic brain. Thus, the inflammasome complex is a major contributor of the inflammatory response following cerebral ischemia and inhibition of this complex may be a novel therapeutic target for reducing the pathological consequences of stroke.

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Yadav, Sunaina. "Strategies towards understanding the genetics of ischemic stroke". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/24899.

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Stroke is the second largest cause of death and disability in the world and 80% of all strokes are ischemic in nature. While most risk factors have been investigated in depth, others such as South Asian ethnicity, long term blood pressure variability and symptomatic carotid stenosis remain largely understudied. In order to understand the genetic etiology underlining ischemic stroke, it is important to study the genetic burden shouldered by these phenotypes as well. This thesis examined the genetics of ischemic stroke in the presence of the above risk factors using three independent lines of investigation: a) literature based meta-analysis, b) candidate gene based approach and c) genome-wide association study. Using a literature based meta-analysis comprising 2529 ischemic stroke cases and 2881 healthy controls, genetic risk variants associated with ischemic stroke in South Asians were investigated. Genes PDE4D SNP 83, ACE I/D and IL10 G1082A were associated with South Asian ischemic stroke risk, with no major differences in strength of association for the same susceptibility genes in other ethnic groups. A candidate gene study was conducted using 8295 ischemic stroke cases and 12722 controls of European ancestry to test the association of GWAS-derived blood pressure variability associated cluster of 17 NLGN1 intronic SNPs. The study did not confirm the risk association of NLGN1 with ischemic stroke. Finally, a genome-wide association study was conducted to identify novel gene variants associated with ≥ 50% carotid stenosis in ischemic stroke, using 1164 cases and 13,703 healthy controls from seven independent cohorts. Three genetic loci at LRIG1, ROBO1 and CAPN7 were found to be associated at genome-wide significance. The findings of this thesis provide new insights into the genetic mechanisms underpinning ischemic stroke, by examining genetic variants associated with unusual stroke related phenotypes. Future directions include replication of sentinel SNPs in larger study populations and a GWAS for South Asian ischemic stroke cases.

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Libri sul tema "Ischemic stroke"

G. K., Rajanikant, Pierre Gressens, Sreekala S. Nampoothiri, Gokul Surendran e Cindy Bokobza. IschemiRs: MicroRNAs in Ischemic Stroke. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4798-0.

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D’Aliberti, Giuseppe, Marco Longoni, Cristina Motto, Valentina Oppo, Valentina Perini, Luca Valvassori e Simone Vidale. Ischemic Stroke. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31705-2.

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M, Barnett H. J., Bogousslavsky Julien e Meldrum Heather, a cura di. Ischemic stroke. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2003.

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Ovbiagele, Bruce, a cura di. Ischemic Stroke Therapeutics. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17750-2.

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González, R. Gilberto, Joshua A. Hirsch, Michael H. Lev, Pamela W. Schaefer e Lee H. Schwamm, a cura di. Acute Ischemic Stroke. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12751-9.

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Park, Jaechan, a cura di. Acute Ischemic Stroke. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0965-5.

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González, R. Gilberto, Joshua A. Hirsch, W. J. Koroshetz, Michael H. Lev e Pamela W. Schaefer, a cura di. Acute Ischemic Stroke. Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-30810-5.

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Greer, David M., a cura di. Acute Ischemic Stroke. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470183397.

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Ovbiagele, Bruce, e Anthony S. Kim, a cura di. Ischemic Stroke Therapeutics. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-49963-0.

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Henkes, Hans, e José E. Cohen, a cura di. The Ischemic Stroke Casebook. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85411-9.

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Più fonti

Capitoli di libri sul tema "Ischemic stroke"

Khan, Heena, Thakur Gurjeet Singh e Rahul Deshmukh. "Stroke Insight". In Ischemic Injury, 1–12. New York: Apple Academic Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781032680026-1.

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Roth, Elliot J. "Ischemic Stroke". In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1864. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_2187.

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Bradac, Gianni Boris. "Ischemic Stroke". In Applied Cerebral Angiography, 303–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57228-4_15.

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Bradac, Gianni Boris. "Ischemic Stroke". In Cerebral Angiography, 247–88. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54404-0_15.

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Friedewald, Vincent E. "Stroke: Ischemic". In Clinical Guide to Cardiovascular Disease, 1187–212. London: Springer London, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-7293-2_90.

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Oliveira-Filho, Jamary, e Walter J. Koroshetz. "Ischemic Stroke". In Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, 219–41. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6645-5_14.

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Roth, Elliot J. "Ischemic Stroke". In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1–2. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56782-2_2187-2.

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Ardelt, Agnieszka A. "Ischemic Stroke". In Handbook of Neurocritical Care, 123–40. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-772-7_8.

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Oliveira-Filho, Jamary, Jamary Oliveira-Filho e Walter J. Koroshetz. "Ischemic Stroke". In Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, 149–61. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-77893-8_15.

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Harrigan, Mark R., e John P. Deveikis. "Ischemic Stroke". In Handbook of Cerebrovascular Disease and Neurointerventional Technique, 827–918. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66779-9_16.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Ischemic stroke"

Reznik, Elina, Matvey Khoymov, Natalia Shusharina e Anastasia Tynterova. "Immunological correlates of ischemic stroke severity". In 2024 8th Scientific School Dynamics of Complex Networks and their Applications (DCNA), 208–9. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dcna63495.2024.10718474.

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Shetty, Shwetha S., Nileema Dsouza, Shreyas Adyanthaya, Sahil Shetty e Prithvi S. Shetty. "Predictive Model of Early Ischemic Stroke in Diabetic Patients". In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing, VLSI, Electrical Circuits and Robotics (DISCOVER), 394–99. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/discover62353.2024.10750678.

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Maurya, Ritesh, Rudra Shaurya, T. Gopalakrishnan, Vishnu Srinivasa Murthy Y e Priya S. "Acute Ischemic Brain Stroke Classification Using Attention-Augmented Ensemble Approach". In 2024 IEEE 3rd World Conference on Applied Intelligence and Computing (AIC), 500–504. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aic61668.2024.10730899.

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Reis, Ana Luísa Lopes Espínola da Costa, Leonardo Henrique Gandolfi de Souza e Vitor Roberto Pugliesi Marques. "Ischemic stroke with agraphestesia signal focus". In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.470.

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Introduction: The ischemic stroke is one of the main causes of death and disability in Brazil. Among the main risk factors are age, atrial fibrillation (AF), diabetes, dyslipidemia and physical inactivity. The main etiology of stroke is cardioembolic, resulting in obstruction of the cerebral arteries by a thrombus of cardiac origin. The artery most affected in ischemic strokes is the middle cerebral artery. The stroke has main characteristics, with emphasis on the sudden onset of symptoms, involvement of a focal area, ischemia caused by obstruction of a vessel and neurological deficits depending on the affected area. Graphesthesia is defined as a cutaneous sensory ability to recognize letters or numbers traced on the skin. The loss of this sensory ability is known as agraphesthesia. Case Report: M.A.F.O. female, 78a, arrived at the UPA complaining of mental confusion. Patient denies previous stroke. Personal history of systemic arterial hypertension. Upon physical examination, the patient was conscious, self and disoriented and inattentive. He was able to repeat and evoke words, without measurable motor déficits. Left upper limb with agraphestesia. Computed tomography was requested, which showed an extensive hypodense area in the right parietoccipital region, which leads to the erasure of the furrows between the adjacent gyres, which may correspond to a recent ischemic event. Magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion-restricted area with correspondence on the ADC map, located in the right temporoparietal region inferring an acute ischemic event. An electrocardiogram was also requested, which showed an irregular rhythm, characteristic of atrial fibrillation, resulting in a diagnostic hypothesis of cardioembolic ischemic stroke. Discussion: The involvement of post-central ischemic gyrus lesions may correspond to paresthesia, anesthesia, hypoesthesia; the involvement of secondary and terciary areas of sensitivity in the upper parietal lobe, especially in the active movements of the hand and in the modalities of integrated sensitivity, their lesions may be clinically affected by: apraxias, dysgraphias, hemineglect, agraphestesia, stereoagnosia and spacial disorientation.

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Abreu, Fernanda Ferreira de, Vinícius Bessa Mendez, Ivã Taiuan Fialho Silva, Alice Monteiro Soares Cajaíba e Pedro Antonio Pereira de Jesus. "Hemorrhagic transformation predictors in ischemic stroke patients from a Stroke Unit". In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.659.

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Background: Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) is an aggravating factor to patients with ischemic stroke. For patients’ best care, it’s essential to know its predictors. Objective: To describe HT in patients with ischemic stroke. Design and setting: Prospective cohort with ischemic stroke patients from a Stroke Unit, admitted between 2017 to 2019. Methods: All patients performed a brain computer tomography (CT) scan on arrival and 24-hours later. Patients with or without HT were compared for predictors. Results: 363 patients were included, with a mean age of 63,14 (±13,92), 53,1% were male and 9,9% (n= 38) had HT. Thrombolysis didn’t increase the risk of HT [(55,3% vs 42,5%); p= 0,132]. Patients with atrial fibrillation [(31,6% vs 12,6%); p= 0,002], and cardioembolic etiology according with TOAST classification [(57,6% vs 21,7%); p< 0,001] had higher risk of HT. Patients with HT had lower ASPECTS scores on their initial CT [8 (6-9) vs 9 (8-10); p< 0,001] and higher NIHSS scores [12 (9-15) vs 8 (5-12); p< 0,001]. Cardioembolic strokes [OR= 4,67; (IC95% 2,01-10,84)] and higher NIHSS [OR= 1,11; (IC95% 1,01-1,22)] were independently associated with HT after multivariate adjustments, considering ASPECTS and thrombolysis. Conclusion: Cardioembolic etiology and higher NIHSS score were independently associated with HT. It’s essential to know HT predictors due to worse outcomes associated with its occurrence.

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Torquato, Ana Claudia Crispiniano Siqueira, Silvana Sobreira Santos e Rodrigo Pinto Pedrosa. "Association between obstructive sleep apnea and ischemic stroke etiology". In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.147.

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Introduction: Stroke is a potentially disabling event, therefore determining its etiology is the key in the development of management strategies to reduce the risk of a new event and costs. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common in stroke and is an independent risk factor. The objective of this study was to determine the association between the etiology of ischemic stroke and the presence of OSA. Methods: Observational, descriptive, patients with ischemic stroke or acute transient ischemic attack (TIA) in the Hospital Memorial São José and Hospital Esperança Recife-PE for one year, the etiology of stroke was categorized by TOAST classification and portable polysomnography for diagnosis of OSA. Results: 100 patients analyzed, 81 ischemic strokes and 19 TIA. The prevalence OSA (AHI≥15) was 51%. The mean age of the sample was 67.9±14.6 years, with older OSA patients (70.0±14.2 vs 65.6±14.7, p=0.128). There was a higher occurrence of females, DM, dyslipidemia and previous ictus in patients with OSA (p=0.052 /0.008 /0.055 /0.018, respectively). BMI was 27.22±4.3kg/m² in patients without OSA and 28.05±3.8kg/m² among patients with OSA. There was no association between the etiological subtype of ictus and the presence of OSA (p=0.698). Conclusions: Our study included an elderly population with a higher frequency of dyslipidemia, DM and previous ictus in patients with OSA, but it was not possible to establish a relationship between the etiology of the stroke and the presence of OSA.

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Nakano, Bruno Eiji, Gabriel Flamarin Cavasana, Paula Carolina Grande Nakazato, Sarah de Souza Chinelato, Rodrigo Batista Irikura, Bruna Santos Silva, Anouar Sacca Colognesi et al. "Focal dystonia after an ischemic stroke: case report". In XIV Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.141s1.769.

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Case presentation: A 77-year-old female patient, previously hypertensive, was admitted to the emergency room due to involuntary movements in the right upper limb onset one day ago with no other associated complaints. During neurological examination she presented hemiparesis and hypoesthesia in the right dimidium of the body besides involuntary movements in the ipsilateral hand. Skull magnetic resonance imaging evidences hyperintensity on T2/ FLAIR sequences in areas of periventricular and left parietal white matter in accordance to a previous ischemic event. Discussion: Dystonia is a movement disorder caused by involuntary muscle contractions leading to repetitive or abnormal movements. It is related to hereditary, idiopathic or acquired causes, including the ones related to brain lesions of cerebrovascular etiologies, such as ischemia, hemorrhage and arteriovenous malformation and aneurysm. The diagnosis of dystonia is made clinically. The treatment consists of the application of botulinum toxin, oral medications such as clonazepam and baclofen. Conclusion: A challenge due to the numerous etiologies involved, dystonias are movement disorders that negatively impact patients’ self-esteem and independence. The present case is extremely relevant considering there was no reported prior complaint of focal neurological deficit, although an area consistent with cerebral ischemia was identified on cranial magnetic resonance imaging, correlated as the causative factor leading to the involuntary movement.

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Graça, Santhiago Calvelo, Tainá Mosca, Wilma Carvalho Neves Forte, Vivian Dias Baptista Gagliardi e Rubens Jose Gagliardi. "Association of neutrophil/ lymphocyte ratio with risk factors and severity in ischemic stroke". In XIV Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.141s1.438.

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Stroke is the second leading cause of death and the primary cause of disability in Brazil. Ischemia resulting from a stroke triggers an inflammatory response in the central nervous system, primarily mediated by neutrophils, lymphocytes, and macrophages. Recent research suggests that the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in peripheral blood can serve as a reliable marker of systemic inflammation in various diseases. The present study aims to quantify the NLR in patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke, who received treatment at a specialized clinic of a university hospital situated in the central region of São Paulo. Additionally, the study aims to investigate if any correlation exists between NLR values and risk factors associated with ischemic stroke and its severity — assessed using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). This retrospective study is based on medical records of patients aged over 18 years, who had ischemic stroke between 2017 and 2022. The collection of clinical data includes information on the type of ischemic stroke and the presence of risk factors. The quantification of NLR is performed by analyzing blood count data from the patients’ medical records. Of the 194 stroke patients whose data were collected, 80.5% had NLR values exceeding 2, a value considered non-physiological by literature and preliminary data obtained from healthy individuals at the same university hospital. It was also observed that patients with a more severe condition, according to the NIHSS scale, had a higher NLR. However, no statistically significant correlation was found between NLR, types of stroke, and the presence of risk factors. In conclusion, stroke patients exhibit a higher neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, which is associated with the severity of the condition but not with risk factors. NLR can be a prognostic marker of stroke.

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Kabir, Ahmedul, Carolina Ruiz, Sergio Alvarez, Nazish Riaz e Majaz Moonis. "Model-based Clustering of Ischemic Stroke Patients". In International Conference on Health Informatics. SCITEPRESS - Science and and Technology Publications, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0005278101720181.

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Sastra Kusuina Wijaya, Cholid Badri, Jusuf Misbach, Tresna Priyana Soemardi e V. Sutanno. "Electroencephalography (EEG) for detecting acute ischemic stroke". In 2015 4th International Conference on Instrumentation, Communications, Information Technology, and Biomedical Engineering (ICICI-BME). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icici-bme.2015.7401312.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Ischemic stroke"

Sirakov, Stanimir, e Alexander Sirakov. Single Centre Experience of Thrombectomy in Acute Ischemic Stroke. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, dicembre 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2019.11.15.

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Jiao, Tingting, Yong Guo, Ying Zhang, Ye Liu, Yong Yang e Mingxun Ji. The Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Remote Ischemic Conditioning for Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, gennaio 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2024.1.0070.

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Huang, Wei, Dahong Yang, Danyang Fan, Chao Hou e Wanqian Liu. Prognostic value of net water uptake in acute ischemic stroke: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, dicembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.12.0077.

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Review question / Objective: The purpose of this protocol is to present a transparent and clear methodology for performing a systematic review and meta-analysis of the available literature aimed to answer the following question: among patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion, is net water uptake (NWU), as measured in CT images, associated with (i) cerebrovascular complications, including malignant cerebral edema, secondary intracerebral hemorrhage, and (ii) post-stroke functional outcome as measured by the modified Rankin Scale. Condition being studied: Currently, the association between net water uptake with cerebrovascular complications or post-stroke functional outcomes is not well defined. Broocks found that NWU based on CT was an important marker for malignant edema in LVO patients and independently associated with clinical prognosis. Additionally, Nawabi indicated that a higher degree of NWU was a predictor of intracranial hemorrhage in patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with mechanical thrombectomy. Thus, a higher NWU might contribute to the development of stroke complications and poorer outcomes. However, no systematic review and meta-analysis to quantitatively summarize this evidence and help establish the predictive value of NWU in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

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Prvu Bettger, Janet, Laine Thomas e Li Liang. Clinical Effectiveness of Rehabilitation Services for Survivors of an Acute Ischemic Stroke. Patient-Centered Outcomes Reserch Institute (PCORI)., marzo 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.25302/3.2019.cer.130.

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Gan, Xinling. Sonothrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, giugno 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.6.0019.

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Wu, Xiaoqi, Maoxia Fan, Yaobo Pan e Dona Guo. Quality of Evidence Supporting the Effects of Ginkgo Terpene Lactone Preparations in Ischemic Stroke: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, settembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.9.0124.

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Review question / Objective: 2.2.1 Type of studies SRs/MAs of Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) of GTLP for IS in any language. 2.2.2 Type of Participants Included patients were diagnosed with IS according to international or national standards, regardless of race, age, gender, time of onset, and source of cases. 2.2.3 Type of Intervention The intervention method in the control group was routine treatment, and the intervention method in the intervention group was GTLP treatment or GTLP combined with the treatment of the control group. 2.2.4 Types of outcomes Conclusions at least need to include clinical efficacy analysis and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Condition being studied: Stroke is the second leading cause of death and third leading cause of disability globally.Among them, ischemic stroke (IS) accounts for 70% of all stroke types. It is a central nervous system disease caused by cerebral blood circulation disorder, ischemia and hypoxia .The incidence rate is high and increasing year by year, the age of onset is younger, the disability rate is high, and most patients have different degrees of limb motor dysfunction.In order to reduce the burden of stroke on the society and the patient's family, many articles proposed to strengthen the primary stroke prevention - behavior change and drug intervention.

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Cui, Chaohua, Ning Chen, Shuju Dong e Li He. Statin Pretreatment Combined With Intravenous Thrombolysis for Ischemic Stroke Patients: A Meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, giugno 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2020.6.0047.

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Lin, Run, Shaoyang Cui e Jing Luo. Effectiveness of Acupuncture for Ischemic Stroke with Lower Limb Dysfunction: A Meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, agosto 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2020.8.0121.

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Zhang, Le, Fulin Gao, Pengjuan Hu, Yan He, Qianlan Shang e Yi Zhang. Exosome therapy for ischemic stroke in animal studies：a systematic review and Meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, marzo 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.3.0063.

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li, Yongbiao, Ruyi Cui, Fangcheng Fan, Yangyang Lu, Yangwen Ai, Hua Liu, Shaobo Liu et al. The Efficacy and Safety of Employed Treatments for Ischemic Stroke: An Umbrella Review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, maggio 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.5.0145.

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