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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "MACA"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 11 febbraio 2022

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "MACA"

Seibert, Volker, Monika Thiel, Isabelle-S. Hinner e Michael Schlömann. "Characterization of a gene cluster encoding the maleylacetate reductase from Ralstonia eutropha 335T, an enzyme recruited for growth with 4-fluorobenzoate". Microbiology 150, n. 2 (1 febbraio 2004): 463–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.26602-0.

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A gene cluster containing a gene for maleylacetate reductase (EC 1.3.1.32) was cloned from Ralstonia eutropha 335T (DSM 531T), which is able to utilize 4-fluorobenzoate as sole carbon source. Sequencing of this gene cluster showed that the R. eutropha 335T maleylacetate reductase gene, macA, is part of a novel gene cluster, which is not related to the known maleylacetate-reductase-encoding gene clusters. It otherwise comprises a gene for a hypothetical membrane transport protein, macB, possibly co-transcribed with macA, and a presumed regulatory gene, macR, which is divergently transcribed from macBA. MacA was found to be most closely related to TftE, the maleylacetate reductase from Burkholderia cepacia AC1100 (62 % identical positions) and to a presumed maleylacetate reductase from a dinitrotoluene catabolic gene cluster from B. cepacia R34 (61 % identical positions). By expressing macA in Escherichia coli, it was confirmed that macA encodes a functional maleylacetate reductase. Purification of maleylacetate reductase from 4-fluorobenzoate-grown R. eutropha 335T cells allowed determination of the N-terminal sequence of the purified protein, which was shown to be identical to that predicted from the cloned macA gene, thus proving that the gene is, in fact, recruited for growth of R. eutropha 335T with this substrate.

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Kobayashi, Nobuyoshi, Kunihiko Nishino e Akihito Yamaguchi. "Novel Macrolide-Specific ABC-Type Efflux Transporter inEscherichia coli". Journal of Bacteriology 183, n. 19 (1 ottobre 2001): 5639–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.183.19.5639-5644.2001.

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ABSTRACT In the Escherichia coli genome, five putative open reading frame (ORF) clusters, mdlAB,ybjYZ, yddA, yojHI, and yhiH, have been assumed to be possible genes for ABC drug efflux transporters (I. T. Paulsen, M. K. Sliwinski, and M. H. Saier, Jr., J. Mol. Biol. 277:573–592, 1998). We cloned all of these ORFs in multicopy plasmids and investigated the drug resistance of drug-supersensitive host cells lacking constitutive multidrug efflux transporter genes acrAB. Among them, onlyybjYZ gave significant erythromycin resistance and significantly decreased the accumulation of [14C]erythromycin. Therefore, ybjYZ was renamed macAB (macrolide-specific ABC-type efflux carrier). Plasmids carrying both the macA and -B genes conferred resistance against macrolides composed of 14- and 15-membered lactones but no or weak resistance against 16-membered ones. Neither of the two genes produced resistance alone. The DNA sequence suggests that MacB is an integral membrane protein with four transmembrane segments and one nucleotide-binding domain, while MacA belongs to a membrane fusion protein (MFP) family with a signal-like sequence at its N terminus. The expression of the histidine-tagged proteins confirmed that MacB is an integral membrane protein and MacA is a peripheral membrane protein. In addition, MacAB required TolC for its function in a way similar to that of most of the MFP-dependent transporters in E. coli. MacB is thus a novel ABC-type macrolide efflux transporter which functions by cooperating with the MFP MacA and the multifunctional outer membrane channel TolC. This is the first case of an experimentally identified ABC antibiotic efflux transporter in gram-negative organisms.

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Jankovská, Dagmar, e Ivana Garguláková. "Superfoods - maca". Praktické lékárenství 17, n. 1 (15 aprile 2021): e42-e51. http://dx.doi.org/10.36290/lek.2021.013.

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Hahn, Dongyup, Taeho Lee, Sangkyu Lee, Jong-Sup Bae, MinKyun Na e Minyoul Kim. "Discovery and Quantitative Analysis of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor (Nrf2) Activators in Maca (Lepidium meyenii) Using the Synthetic Macamides". Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (29 maggio 2020): 401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa045_034.

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Abstract Objectives Maca (Lepidium meyenii) is a biennial herbaceous plant of family Brassicaceae with various bioactivities such as reproductive health enhancement, antifatigue, antioxidation, neuroprotection, anticancer, hepatoprotection, and immunomodulation. But studies on molecular mechanisms beyond the phenomenal physiology are rare because the putative bioactive chemical constituents, macamides, a series of unique N-benzylamides with long-chain fatty acids are difficult to isolate from the natural maca specimen. In this study, ten macamides were chemically synthesized to investigate biological mechanisms underlying the various bioactivities. Methods Macamides were synthesized from benzylamides and commercially available fatty acids adding 1,1'-carbonyl diimidazole. Nrf2 activation of macamides were measured using U2OS cells in CP0. Quantitative analysis of bioactive macamides were performed using LC-MS/MS system and synthesized standard macamides. The difference in composition of macamides among three cultivars, yellow, red and black macas was also examined. Results Three of macamides exhibited moderate nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation was observed from cell-based assay (EC50 7.3–16.5 μM), which might account for some of the known bioactivities of maca. Quantitative analysis of macamide compositions in maca specimen using LC-MS/MS was followed, which revealed the macamides with Nrf2 activation activity consist the majority among macamides contained in maca. Conclusions Among the bioactivities that have known as the beneficial effects of maca, bioactivities related to antioxidation might be accounted for the Nrf2 activation of macamides contained in maca. Funding Sources This research was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (2019R1F1A1051041).

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Li, Jieying, Longfei Chen, Jinwei Li, Zhenhua Duan, Song Zhu e Liuping Fan. "The Composition Analysis of Maca (Lepidium meyeniiWalp.) from Xinjiang and Its Antifatigue Activity". Journal of Food Quality 2017 (2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2904951.

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Environment would affect the nutritional composition of maca, especially its secondary metabolite. The chemical compositions and function of Xinjiang maca were not very clear. The chemical compositions and bioactivity of Xinjiang maca were determined. A mouse model was also used to evaluate the antifatigue activity of Xinjiang maca as a forced swimming test was performed and certain biochemical parameters related were estimated. The results show that the Xinjiang maca is rich in protein content and amino acids, especially branched chain amino acids such as Valine and Isoleucine related to the effect of antifatigue. It also has considerable minerals ions such as Ca and Mg. Besides, bioactive ingredients such as maca amide, glucosinolate, and alkaloid of Xinjiang maca are similar to those of maca from other areas, which qualify the biological value of Xinjiang maca. The results of mice model suggest that maca has a dose-dependent antifatigue activity by decreasing blood lactic acid, as well as increasing liver glycogen content and the forced swimming time.

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Nishikubo, Tadatomi, Atsushi Kameyama, Nobuyuki Hayashi e Riou Nakagome. "Synthesis of a new photoreactive polyester by addition reaction of bisepoxide with f-truxiloyl chloride and chemical modification of this polymer". High Performance Polymers 7, n. 3 (giugno 1995): 245–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-0083/7/3/001.

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A new reactive polyester (P-I) containing a cyclobutane ring in the main chain and a pendant chloromethyl group in the side chain was synthesized successfully by the addition reaction of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) with fi-truxiloyl chloride (TC). The addition reaction of DGEBA with TC proceeded smoothly to give P-1 with a relatively high molecular weight using quaternary onium salts or a crown ether complex as catalysts at 90-C for 15 h. However, the reaction did not occur without a catalyst. Substitution reactions of the obtained P-I with (4-dimethy Iamino)cinnamic acid (MACA), [(4-dimethylamino)-a-cyano]cinnamic acid (MACCA) and (4-dimethylamino4'-hydroxy)chalcone (MACH) were carried out to synthesize certain new multifunctiqnal photosensitive polymers with positive-working groups in the main chain and negative-working groups in the side chains. The reaction of P-I with MACA proceeded very smoothly with 99% conversion to form the corresponding polymer (P-2a) using 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]-7-undecene (DBU) as a base in DMF. The reaction with MACCA gave the corresponding polymer (P-2b) containing a pendant [(4-dimethylamino)-a-cyano]cinnamJc ester moiety with 26% conversion. The reaction with MIACH produced the corresponding polymer (P-2c) containing a pendant (4-dimethy]amino)chalcone ether moiety with 32% conversion. Photochernical reaction of the thus-obtained P-2a-c was also performed in the film state.

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Stokes, Trevor. "Love that maca". Trends in Plant Science 6, n. 11 (novembre 2001): 505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1360-1385(01)02167-7.

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Gonzales, GF, A. Cordova, K. Vega, A. Chung, A. Villena e C. Gonez. "Effect of Lepidium meyenii (Maca), a root with aphrodisiac and fertility-enhancing properties, on serum reproductive hormone levels in adult healthy men". Journal of Endocrinology 176, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2003): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1760163.

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Lepidium meyenii (Maca) is a Peruvian hypocotyl that grows exclusively between 4000 and 4500 m in the central Andes. Maca is traditionally employed in the Andean region for its supposed aphrodisiac and/or fertility-enhancing properties. This study was a 12-week double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, parallel trial in which active treatment with different doses of Maca Gelatinizada was compared with a placebo. The study aimed to test the hypothesis that Maca has no effect on serum reproductive hormone levels in apparently healthy men when administered in doses used for aphrodisiac and/or fertility-enhancing properties. Men aged between 21 and 56 Years received 1500 mg or 3000 mg Maca. Serum levels of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, prolactin, 17-alpha hydroxyprogesterone, testosterone and 17-beta estradiol were measured before and at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks of treatment with placebo or Maca (1.5 g or 3.0 g per day). Data showed that compared with placebo Maca had no effect on any of the hormones studied nor did the hormones show any changes over time. Multiple regression analysis showed that serum testosterone levels were not affected by treatment with Maca at any of the times studied (P, not significant). In conclusion, treatment with Maca does not affect serum reproductive hormone levels.

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Dording, Christina M., Pamela J. Schettler, Elizabeth D. Dalton, Susannah R. Parkin, Rosemary S. W. Walker, Kara B. Fehling, Maurizio Fava e David Mischoulon. "A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial of Maca Root as Treatment for Antidepressant-Induced Sexual Dysfunction in Women". Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/949036.

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Objective. We sought to demonstrate that maca root may be an effective treatment for antidepressant-induced sexual dysfunction (AISD) in women.Method. We conducted a 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of maca root (3.0 g/day) in 45 female outpatients (mean age of 41.5 ± 12.5 years) with SSRI/SNRI-induced sexual dysfunction whose depression remitted. Endpoints were improvement in sexual functioning as per the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX) and the Massachusetts General Hospital Sexual Function Questionnaire (MGH-SFQ).Results. 45 of 57 consented females were randomized, and 42 (30 premenopausal and 12 postmenopausal women) were eligible for a modified intent-to-treat analysis based on having had at least one postmedication visit. Remission rates by the end of treatment were higher for the maca than the placebo group, based on attainment of an ASEX total score ≤ 10 (9.5% for maca versus 4.8% for placebo), attaining an MGH-SFQ score ≤ 12 (30.0% for maca versus 20.0% for placebo) and reaching an MGH-SFQ score ≤ 8 (9.5% for maca versus 5.0% for placebo). Higher remission rates for the maca versus placebo group were associated with postmenopausal status. Maca was well tolerated.Conclusion. Maca root may alleviate SSRI-induced sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal women. This trial is registered withNCT00568126.

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Gonzales, Gustavo F. "Ethnobiology and Ethnopharmacology ofLepidium meyenii(Maca), a Plant from the Peruvian Highlands". Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/193496.

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Lepidium meyenii(maca) is a Peruvian plant of the Brassicaceae family cultivated for more than 2000 years, which grows exclusively in the central Andes between 4000 and 4500 m altitude. Maca is used as a food supplement and also for its medicinal properties described traditionally. Since the 90s of the XX century, an increasing interest in products from maca has been observed in many parts of the world. In the last decade, exportation of maca from Peru has increased from 1,415,000 USD in 2001 to USD 6,170,000 USD in 2010. Experimental scientific evidence showed that maca has nutritional, energizer, and fertility-enhancer properties, and it acts on sexual dysfunctions, osteoporosis, benign prostatic hyperplasia, memory and learning, and protects skin against ultraviolet radiation. Clinical trials showed efficacy of maca on sexual dysfunctions as well as increasing sperm count and motility. Maca is a plant with great potential as an adaptogen and appears to be promising as a nutraceutical in the prevention of several diseases.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "MACA"

Reyes, de la Cruz Vilma Julia. "Determinación de aflatoxinas y ocratoxinas en la maca seca y harina de maca (Lepidium meyenii walp)". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2006. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/2580.

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Se ha determinado la concentración de aflatoxina total y ocratoxina A en la maca seca y harina de maca (Lepidium meyenii walp), así como los factores fisicoquímicos y microbiológicos que influyen en su producción. Para ello se ha recolectado muestras de 4 comunidades productoras y de 4 mercados principales. Los factores extrínsecos como temperatura y humedad relativa promedio son 10oC y 52,5% en las comunidades y 15oC y 71% en los mercados, estas condiciones hacen posible el crecimiento y desarrollo de Fusarium avenaceum, Penicillium corylophylum, P.commune, P.chrysogenum, Aspergilus níger, A.flavus, A.ochraceus, esclerotia de A.flavus, Rizophus y levaduras. Se ha determinado la concentración promedio de aflatoxina total 0,8295 ppb (µg/Kg), cifra que indica buena calidad de maca seca y la concentración promedio de ocratoxina A 8,703 ppb, cifra que sobrepasa el límite máximo permitido por la USL 123/2005. Los factores que influyen en la producción de ocratoxina A son los azúcares reductores y el pH. El promedio de hongos totales es 50 x 102 ufc/g y no es un factor influyente en la producción de esta micotoxina. Las muestras de comunidades tuvieron mayor cantidad de ocratoxina A y número de hongos que las muestras de los mercados. En harina de maca, el promedio de aflatoxina total es 12,4528ppb encontrándose concentraciones altas en la harina tostada a granel del mercado Central de Lima y los factores influyentes son humedad relativa, pH y acidez. El promedio de ocratoxina A es 2,8916ppb encontrándose concentraciones altas en la harina del mercado de Chupaca, los factores influyentes son los azúcares reductores y el pH. Por otro lado, el número de hongos en harina de maca es 78 x 102 ufc/g y es un factor influyente en la producción de aflatoxina total pero no en la producción de ocratoxina A.
It has been determined the concentration of total aflatoxin, A ochratoxin in dried maca (Lepidium meyenii walp) and maca flour and the physicochemical and microbiological factors affecting their production. It has been collected samples from 4 productive communities and 4 main markets. Extrinsic factors such as temperature and relative humidity are 10oC y 52,5% in communities and 15 oC y 71% in markets which are favourable conditions for growing Fusarium avenaceum, Penicillium corylophylum, P.commune, P.chrysogenum, Aspergilus níger, A.flavus, A.ochraceus, esclerotia de A.flavus, Rizophus and yeasts. It was determined total aflatoxin content average (0,8295 µg/Kg), which indicates the good quality of dried maca and A ochratoxin content average (8,703 ppb), which exceeds the permissible maximum limit given by USL 123/2005. The factors affecting A ocratoxin production are reducing sugars and pH. Total fungi average is 50x102 cfu/g but is not a factor affecting this mycotoxin. The community samples had higher concentrations of A ochratoxin and total fungi than the market samples. In maca flour, total aflatoxin content average is 12, 4528 ppb in which the toasted flour in bulk from the Central market in Lima had the highest content and the main influential factors are humidity, pH and acidity, while A ochratoxin content average is 2,8916ppb, in which the flour from Chupaca had the highest concentration and the main influential factors are reducing sugars and pH. On the other hand, the number of fungi in maca flour is 78 x 102 cfu/g affecting total Aflatoxin but not A ocratoxin production.
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Lobaton, Erazo Margarita Eva. "Micronutrientes en Lepidium meyenii. W (Maca - Maca) y actividad en sujetos con anemia ferropénica e hiperlipidemia". Master's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 1998. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/6308.

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Determina los efectos que produce la raíz de maca en sujetos con hiperlipidemia y anemia ferropénica. Valora los niveles séricos de hierro en sujetos con anemia ferropénica, y los niveles de colesterol total, LDL colesterol y triglicéridos en sujetos hiperlipidémicos. Utiliza una muestra de 100 sujetos distribuídos en dos grupos: grupo A de 50 personas con anemia ferropénica y grupo B de 50 personas con hiperlipidemia. Se les administró 20 gramos de polvo de maca diariamente durante 30 días. Antes de la ingesta de polvo de maca, se les cuantificó hierro a los sujetos del grupo A, mientras que a los del grupo B, colesterol total, L.D.L. colesterol y triglicéridos. Después de la ingesta de maca, el grupo A presentó un incremento significativo de hierro, y el grupo B registró una disminución significativa de colesterol total, iguales resultados se obtuvieron con el L.D.L. colesterol y los triglicéridos.
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Esparza, Eliana, Antonella Hadzich e Eric Cosio. "Maca: the chemistry behind traditional drying practices". Revista de Química, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/99237.

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El procesamiento post cosecha en maca (Lepidium meyenii) es clave en la generación del perfil metabólico que resulta en sus propiedades nutracéuticas tan conocidas. En este artículo se describe los distintos procesos metabólicos responsables de la generación de productos bioactivos clave.
Maca’s (Lepidium meyenii) post harvest processing is key in generating a metabolic profile that will result in its well reported nutraceutical properties. This article presents how different metabolic processes generate these changes.

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Lin, Hong-Ting. "Characterisation of the MacA/MacB/TolC tripartite pump that confers resistance to macrolides in E. coli". Thesis, Durham University, 2008. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/2273/.

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Gram-negative bacteria possess tripartite pumps, composed of a membrane fusion protein (MFP), an inner membrane protein (IMP) and an outer membrane protein (OMP), to transport drugs across the inner and outer membranes. The plasmid encoding MacA, MacB and TolC confers resistance to the macrolide erythromycin in the host E. coli cell Kam3, indicating the three proteins are assembled and actively functional. MFPs are believed to have an important role in the stabilizing the pump complex; intriguingly, we found that the MFP MacA not only interacts directly with the IMP MacB and the OMP TolC, but regulates the function of MacB, apparently increasing its affinity for both ATP and erythromycin. As MacB hydrolyzes ATP there is a burst in phosphate production that is symptomatic of the reaction being rate- limited by product release; but the burst disappeared in the presence of MacA. Since MacA caused only a marginal increase in the k(_cat), but a significant decrease in the Km, for the steady-state ATPase activity, this suggests that the disappearance of the phosphate burst is due to a decrease in the rate of hydrolysis, rather than an increase in the rate of product release. This kinetic behaviour indicates that MacA promotes and stabilizes the ATP-binding form of the transporter. MacA regulates the activity of MacB via its ẞ-strand domain since S. aureus MacA, which lacks the coiled coil structure that is present in E. coli MacA and believed to be involved in the interaction with TolC, was able to abolish the Pi burst catalysed by MacB, in direct analogy with the effect of E. coli MacA on MacB. Analytical ultracentrifugation, mass spectrometry and atomic force microscopy indicated that MacB forms dimers, in analogy to ABC- transporters that require a pair of NBDs to bind ATP. Our data suggests a direct role for MacA in facilitating the delivery of drugs by MacB to TolC: by enhancing the binding of drugs to MacB and stabilizing the reorientation of MacB to the outward- facing conformation.

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Lock, Olga, e Rosario Rojas. "Química y Farmacología de Lepidium meyenii Walp ("Maca'')". Revista de Química, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/99240.

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Ortega, San Martín Luis. "De la maca a las nanopartículas contra el cáncer". Revista de Química, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/99367.

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Marín, Bravo Manuel Jesús. "Estudio morfohistológico y farmacológico de Lepidium meyenii Walpers "Maca"". Master's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2002. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/11310.

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El estudio se enfoca principalmente en la caracterización histológica del órgano reservante subterráneo y el ensayo farmacológico de las fracciones lipídicas aisladas a partir del extracto hexánico del mismo, sobre el aparato reproductor de ratones hembras. Los diferentes estudios realizados hasta la fecha muestran carencia en la información botánica referente a los detalles histológicos de la naturaleza anatómica del órgano reservante; por otro lado existen numerosos reportes de la variada composición en metabolitos secundarios presentes en la planta, sin embargo no ha sido demostrado que tipo de sustancias están implicadas en el efecto terapéutico de estimulante de la reproducción humana asociado a esta planta. Asimismo, el órgano reservante se caracteriza por su importante contenido en ácidos grasos y fitoesteroles, ambos tipos de sustancias asociadas a los procesos reproductivos. La investigación se realizó con variedades amarillas de maca procedentes de los andes centrales (puna de Junín) y comprendió el estudio morfoanatómico del órgano reservante y parte aérea de la planta y el ensayo farmacológico de fracciones aisladas en ratones hembras. El estudio morfohistológico se realizó, empleando la técnica de inclusión en parafina, con tinción y montaje permanente de los cortes seriados a micrótomo e incluyó cortes a mano alzada de muestras fijadas en FAA (formaldehido, ácido acético glacial y etanol). El ensayo farmacológico comprendió primero la obtención de un extracto hexánico a partir del material seco y luego la saponificación del mismo para el fraccionamiento en sus componentes principales, ácidos grasos y esteróles totales. Posteriormente se administraron por vía oral las diferentes fracciones aisladas en ratones hembras en dos niveles de dosis, por un período de 16 días, al término de los cuales se procedió al sacrificio y disección de los animales para la extracción de ios ovarios, tomando registro de sus pesos, para luego fijarlos en formaldehido neutro 5%. Los resultados muestran en el órgano reservante, las características de una región de transición entre la zona radical, de una estructura secundaria lignificada y el tallo primario reducido, con el desarrollo de una amplia zona medular y una característica actividad cambial anómala en la zona cortical que contribuye al engrasamiento del órgano. Así mismo, entre los detalles histológicos adicionales reportados para esta planta están el desarrollo de una cubierta suberificada de células corticales primarias en vez de peridermis en el órgano reservante y la presencia de pelos cónicos unicelulares en las hojas. El ensayo farmacológico muestra un significativo efecto de la fracción esteróles totales sobre los ovarios de los animales evaluados, a nivel de la formación de los folículos secundarios. A los 16 días de tratamiento la dosis de 100 mg / kg muestra un claro efecto estrogénico. Asimismo, el extracto hexánico presento un fuerte efecto antiestrogénico, disminuyendo el peso y el diámetro de los ovarios y folículos secundarios a los 8 y 16 días. Este efecto lo presenta también la fracción de ácidos grasos totales, en dosis de 100 mg / kg a los 16 días de tratamiento. El ensayo del extracto etanólico de maca, proveniente del residuo del extracto hexánico, no presentó efecto a nivel del sistema reproductor de los animales estudiados. Se concluye que el órgano reservante de la maca tiene las características de una región de transición entre la raíz y el tallo y presenta además una importante actividad cambial secundaria responsable del engrasamiento del órgano. Así mismo la fracción de esteróles totales presenta un efecto estrogénico en el aparato reproductor de los animales estudiados mientras que el extracto hexánico presenta un fuerte efecto antiestrogénico en los mismos.
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Arias, Ramírez Angela Renee. "Biotecnología y metabolitos secundarios en Lepidium peruvianum Chacón, "Maca"". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2002. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/1401.

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Lepidium peruvianum Chacón (maca), es una crucífera altoandina, que crece a entre los 3,500 y 4500 m.s.n.m. Originaria de la meseta del Bombón, en los departamentos de Junín y Pasco; por sus cualidades medicinales y su alto valor nutritivo, es una planta de alto interés económico, cuyo cultivo se ha extendido a otras regiones de nuestro país. En el presente trabajo se estudió la susceptibilidad de la especie a las técnicas del cultivo de tejidos como herramienta de producción de metabolitos secundarios. Se realizó la inducción de callos en diferentes explantes de L. peruvianum utilizando la auxina 2,4-D y la citoquinina Kinetina, en un factorial de medios con diferentes concentraciones auxina/citoquinina. Se obtuvieron callos en la mayoría de los medios usados, la relación de hormonas más eficiente fue 1 _M auxina/citoquinina. Se evaluó la presencia de glucosinolatos y alcaloides en los callos obtenidos y se compararon con muestras control de hipocótilos de maca. Se observó la presencia variable de dos fracciones de glucosinolatos en los callos, en la mayoría de los casos las manchas tuvieron una coloración más intensa en los callos que en los controles. De otro lado se observó una alta variabilidad en la presencia de alcaloides y otros metabolitos no identificados en los callos obtenidos en este trabajo. También se evaluó cualitativamente la presencia de mirosinasas en los callos obtenidos, observándose bandas positivas en los callos y las muestras de plantas de maca.
Lepidium peruvianum Chacón, is a Cruciferae native from the Andes. It grows between 3,500 and 4500 m. Original from the Bombón plateau, located at the Peruvian localities Junín and Pasco. It became in a crop with a high economical value, due its medicinal and nutritional properties. Actually, it is extended to other regions of the country. The main objective of this research is to study the tissue culture ability of the crop to use in vitro tissues as a tool for secondary metabolite production. Leaves, petioles, roots and hypocotils of L. peruvianum were tested as explants to induce calli. Different concentrations of 2,4-D and Kinetin, in MS basic medium were tested. Calli were induced in most of the media tested, the most efficient hormone ratio auxin/citokinin was 1. It was evaluated the presence of glucosinolates and alkaloids in the callus induced and compared to maca hypocotils as control sample. Two glucosinolates fractions were obtained from calli analyzed. It was found one or two fractions according to the callus and in most of the cases the concentration was higher in callus than in control. In the other hand, it was observed a high variability in the alkaloid fractions and other unidentified metabolites extracted from the calli evaluated in this work. It was also evaluated the presence of myrosinases in the calli studied, and it was found positive bands either in callus as in maca hypocotils.
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Yi, Wu Acuy Winnie Yingli. "Modulación del metabolismo postcosecha de glucosinolatos en maca (Lepidium meyenii)". Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/16462.

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García, Hurtado Jacquelin. "Comparación de la actividad de extractos de Lepidium peruvianum Chacón (maca) sobre leucocitos procedentes de individuos saludables e infectados con el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (HIV)". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2010. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/879.

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La infección con el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (HIV), causa una profunda inmunodepresión que expone a las personas infectadas a diversas infecciones oportunistas. Lepidium peruvianum Ch. presenta varias propiedades como, su capacidad estimulante de la reproducción y energizante, investigaciones recientes han demostrado su capacidad antitumoral e inmunoestimulante. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar la actividad de tres tipos de extractos (clorofórmico, acuoso y metanólico) de L. peruvianum Ch. en cultivos de leucocitos de personas saludables y HIV-1+. Para ello, células sanguíneas de 5 voluntarios sanos y 5 HIV-1+ fueron cultivadas por triplicado en presencia de cada extracto a una concentración final de 800µg/mL y se incubó por 16 horas a 37 ºC. Se realizó el recuento de los leucocitos y sus 4 estirpes celulares (linfocitos, neutrófilos, eosinófilos y monocitos) mediante hemograma manual y de las poblaciones de linfocitos T CD3+CD4+ y CD3+CD8+ por citometría de flujo. Se empleó el medio de cultivo RPMI como control negativo de la prueba. En las personas saludables, para las 4 estirpes celulares evaluadas, el extracto clorofórmico logró incrementar significativamente el número de linfocitos (p=0.003). La población linfocitaria T CD3+CD4+ presentó un incremento celular con el extracto clorofórmico (p= 0.004).En las personas HIV-1+, los 3 extractos lograron incrementar el número de leucocitos. En los individuos pertenecientes al estadío C se observó que el extracto clorofórmico logró un incremento significativo del número de linfocitos respecto al control. Estos resultados pueden ser de gran ayuda para utilizar a L. peruvianum Ch. en el tratamiento de personas infectadas con HIV-1 contribuyendo con restaurar el nivel y funcionamiento de las células T infectadas por el virus. Palabras Clave: Lepidium peruvianum, Lepidium meyenii, maca, inmunoestimulante, metabolitos secundarios, HIV-1, SIDA.
--- Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), causes a profound immunosuppression that exposes people infected to various opportunistic infections. Lepidium peruvianum Ch. has several properties, the most known, its ability stimulating the reproduction and energizing or revitalizing, recent research has shown antitumor and immunostimulatory capacity. The aim of this study was to determine the activity of three types of extracts (chloroform, methanol and aqueous) of L. peruvianum Ch. in cultures of leukocytes from healthy people and HIV-1+. To do this, blood cells from 5 healthy and 5 HIV-1+ volunteers were cultured in triplicate in the presence of each extract at a final concentration of 800μg/mL and incubated for 16 hours at 37 ° C. We performed the counting of leukocytes and their 4 cell lines (lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils and monocytes) through a hemogram and populations of T lymphocytes CD3+ CD4+ and CD3+ CD8+ by flow cytometry. We employed RPMI culture medium as negative control test. In healthy people, for the 4 cell lines tested, the chloroform extract was able to increase significantly the number of lymphocytes (p= 0.003). The CD3+CD4+ lymphocyte population showed an increase cell with the chloroform extract (p= 0.004). In people HIV-1+ the 3 extracts were able to increase the number of leukocytes. In individuals belonging to stage C showed that the chloroform extract achieved a significant increase in number of lymphocytes over control. These results may be helpful to use a L. peruvianum Ch. in treating people infected with HIV-1 contributing to restore the level and function of T cells infected with the virus. Key Words: Lepidium peruvianum, Lepidium meyenii, maca, immunostimulant, secondary metabolites, HIV-1, AIDS.
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Libri sul tema "MACA"

ill, Lavandeira Sandra, a cura di. La bruja Maca. Bogotá, Colombia: Cangrejo Editores, 2009.

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Cabieses, Fernando. La maca y la puna. [Perú]: Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Escuela Profesional de Turismo y Hotelería, 1997.

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Vilches, Lida Obregón. Maca : planta medicinal y nutritiva del Perú. Lima, Perú: Instituto de Fitoterapia Americano, 1998.

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Bautista, Juan Peter Vilchez. El cultivo de la maca y su consumo. Lima, Perú: CONCYTEC, 2001.

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Gerzenstein, Ana. Diccionario etnolingüístico maká-español. Buenos Aires: Instituto de Língüística, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 1999.

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Gerzenstein, Ana. Lengua maká: Aspectos de la fonología. [Buenos Aires]: Conicet, 1989.

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Gerzenstein, Ana. Lengua maká. [Buenos Aires]: Conicet, 1989.

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Gerzenstein, Ana. Lengua maká. Buenos Aires: Instituto de Lingüística, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 1994.

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Vilches, Lida Obregón. Maca: Planta de los Incas, maravilla de la ciencia. Lima, Perú: Instituto de Fitoterapia Americano, 2006.

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crak, my asss. maca Clubbing of the Gunfire: 101 Australian War Poems. ur anus: Melbourne University Publishing, 1994.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "MACA"

Gonzales, Gustavo F., Cinthya Vasquez-Velasquez e Dulce Esperanza Alarcón-Yaquetto. "Science Behind Maca: A Traditional Crop from the Central Andes". In Nutraceuticals and Dietary Supplements, 241–63. Includes bibliographical references and index.: Apple Academic Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780367821517-14.

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Sree, Pokkuluri Kiran, Inampudi Ramesh Babu e S. S. S. N. Usha Devi Nedunuri. "PRMACA: A Promoter Region Identification Using Multiple Attractor Cellular Automata (MACA)". In ICT and Critical Infrastructure: Proceedings of the 48th Annual Convention of Computer Society of India- Vol I, 393–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03107-1_42.

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Bernart, Matthew W. "Thioglucosidase-Catalyzed Hydrolysis of the Major Glucosinolate of Maca (Lepidium meyenii) to Benzyl Isothiocyanate". In ACS Symposium Series, 157–69. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2006-0925.ch012.

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Jiang, Ya-Xin, Qing-Qing Dong, Ji-Ping Qu, Tong-Cun Zhang, Ya-Jian Song, Zhong-Yuan Li e Xue-Gang Luo. "Analysis on Acid, Bile, and Heat Tolerance of Probiotics Strains in Maca-Probiotics Granule". In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 479–85. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4801-2_49.

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Kang, Caicai, Liming Zhang, Limin Hao, Huanhuan Ge, Meng Xu, Jie Cao, Jianyong Yu e Yongwu Yang. "Response Surface Methodology Optimization Extraction of Polysaccharides from Maca (Lepidium meyenii) Leaves and Primary Characterization". In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 213–24. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4801-2_22.

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Lei, Lei, Xianzhi Jiang, Shengsuo Cai e Weikang Liu. "An Adaptive Collision Avoidance Scheme for Improving MACA-P Performance in Multi-hop Ad Hoc Networks". In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 391–98. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-26001-8_51.

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Nagaro, Gianmarco, Abel Koc-Lem, Leonardo Vinces, Julio Ronceros e Gustavo Mesones. "Acquiring, Monitoring, and Recording Data Based on the Industrie 4.0 Standard Geared Toward the Maca Drying Process". In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 42–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32022-5_5.

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Forcada, Mikel L. "Machine translation today". In Handbook of Translation Studies, 215–23. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hts.1.mac1.

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Reynolds, Peter. "Machine translation, translation memory and terminology management". In Handbook of Terminology, 276–87. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hot.1.mac1.

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Taylor, Ann C. M. "Macau". In International Handbook of Universities, 632. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12912-6_89.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "MACA"

Zhao, Qichao, Andrew Lambert e Craig R. Benson. "FS-MACA". In the International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2671490.2674470.

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Azad, Saiful, Paolo Casari, Khandekar Tabin Hasan e Michele Zorzi. "MACA-APT". In the International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2671490.2674580.

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Chirdchoo, Nitthita, Wee-Seng Soh e Kee Chaing Chua. "MACA-MN: A MACA-Based MAC Protocol for Underwater Acoustic Networks with Packet Train for Multiple Neighbors". In 2008 IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC 2008-Spring). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vetecs.2008.22.

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Truong, Hoai Phuoc, Prasanna Parthasarathi e Joelle Pineau. "MACA: A Modular Architecture for Conversational Agents". In Proceedings of the 18th Annual SIGdial Meeting on Discourse and Dialogue. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/w17-5513.

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Taagepera, Jaan, e Craig Boyak. "Guidelines for MACA: The Optimization of Corrosion Allowance". In ASME 2016 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2016-63075.

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Excess capacity in the design of a pressure vessel can be recognized in a maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP). This pressure value is the result of the calculations for minimum thickness, in the new condition, being rounded up to the next nominal plate thickness and then working the formulae to establish limiting pressure based on the actual thickness used. Another variable which may be optimized is the design temperature. Raising the design temperature tends to result in a reduced allowable stress. Once a plate thickness has been determined, the necessary allowable stress can be back calculated. From this allowable stress, an optimized design temperature can be determined. Excess capacity can also be recognized in the form of increased corrosion allowance or MACA, the Maximum Allowable Corrosion Allowance. This is particularly helpful in the maintenance and inspection realms where life extension or unexpected thinning can force an unplanned shutdown of the unit, a fitness for service evaluation, or repair once the specified corrosion allowance is exhausted. This paper presents a set of guidelines or rules for establishing a MACA based optimization for the design of new pressure vessels.

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Harnly, J., P. Geng, J. Sun, P. Chen, S. Gafner, J. Stewart, J. Frame e H. Meissner. "Chemical and genetic characterization of Maca (Lepidium meyenii)". In Abstracts of the NHPRS – The 15th Annual Meeting of the Natural Health Products Research Society of Canada (NHPRS). Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644955.

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Taagepera, Jaan. "The Case for MACA: The Optimization of Corrosion Allowance". In ASME 2016 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2016-63074.

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Engineers are taught to optimize. In the case of pressure vessel design, one means of optimizing the steel which is used is to increase the rated pressure capacity of the vessel beyond the design needs. This optimized pressure is formally known by the term MAWP or Maximum Allowable Working Pressure. Of historical interest, this concept has existed for over 100 years, with the MAWP formula for cylindrical shells being tracable back to the original edition of the Boiler Code. However, other variables in vessel design can also be optimized. In addition to pressure, consideration can be given to temperature or corrosion allowance. Increasing the temperature has the effect of reducing the basic allowable tensile stress as well as the allowable compressive stress and flange ratings. In the case of some specialty vessels such as reactors with exothermic reactions adding a few degrees to the design temperature may be very beneficial. But virtually all vessels degrade in some manner, most often corrosion but sometimes via erosion or other degradation mechanisms. Significant amounts of time and effort are spent with unnecessary shutdowns, repairs, and / or fitness for service (FFS) evaluations all of which might have been avoided or deferred for years had the vessel originally been optimized for corrosion allowance. The term Maximum Allowable Corrosion Allowance or MACA is used to describe this approach. This paper presents some arguments in favor of optimizing the corrosion allowance of pressure vessels, using a MACA based optimization for the design of new vessels rather than a pressure optimization or MAWP philosophy.

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"Study on Fermentation Technology of Maca Apple Compound Enzyme". In 2018 International Conference on Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering. Francis Academic Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25236/csbioe.2018.05.

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Gao, Fang, Si Chen, Mingqiang Li e Bincheng Huang. "MaCA: a Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning Platform for Collective Intelligence". In 2019 IEEE 10th International Conference on Software Engineering and Service Science (ICSESS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsess47205.2019.9040781.

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Ng, Hai-Heng, Wee-Seng Soh e Mehul Motani. "MACA-U: A Media Access Protocol for Underwater Acoustic Networks". In IEEE GLOBECOM 2008 - 2008 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2008.ecp.165.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "MACA"

SGC, Servicio Geológico Colombiano. Mapa nacional de amenaza relativa por movimientos en masa. Mapa de amenazas por movimientos en masa y mapa de susceptibilidad de la Plancha 132 Yolombó en el Departamento de Antioquia. Año 2011. Bogotá: Servicio Geológico Colombiano, ottobre 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32685/4.7.2011.171.

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SGC, Servicio Geológico Colombiano. Mapa nacional de amenaza relativa por movimientos en masa. Mapa de amenazas por movimientos en masa de la Plancha 117 Amalfi. Escala: 1:100.000. Año 2012. Producto. Bogotá: Servicio Geológico Colombiano, febbraio 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32685/4.7.2012.662.

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SGC, Servicio Geológico Colombiano. Mapa Nacional de Amenaza por Movimientos en Masa Escala 1:100.000 Integrado con el Mapa Nacional de Amenaza por Movimientos en Masa Escala 1:500.000. Versión año 2015. Producto. Bogotá: Servicio Geológico Colombiano, dicembre 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32685/4.7.2015.751.

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SGC, Servicio Geológico Colombiano. Mapa Geomorfológico aplicado a movimientos en masa escala 1:100.000. Plancha 387 Bolívar. Producto. Bogotá: Servicio Geológico Colombiano, dicembre 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32685/4.7.2013.400.

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SGC, Servicio Geológico Colombiano. Mapa Geomorfológico aplicado a Movimientos en Masa. Escala 1:100.000. Plancha 366 Garzón. Producto. Bogotá: Servicio Geológico Colombiano, dicembre 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32685/4.7.2013.402.

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SGC, Servicio Geológico Colombiano. Mapa Geomorfológico aplicado a Movimientos en Masa. Escala 1:100.000. Plancha 367 Gigante. Producto. Bogotá: Servicio Geológico Colombiano, dicembre 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32685/4.7.2013.403.

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SGC, Servicio Geológico Colombiano. Mapa Geomorfológico aplicado a movimientos en masa escala 1:100.000. Plancha 388 Pitalito. Producto. Bogotá: Servicio Geológico Colombiano, dicembre 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32685/4.7.2013.411.

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SGC, Servicio Geológico Colombiano. Mapa Geomorfológico aplicado a movimientos en masa escala 1:100.000. Plancha 262 Génova. Producto. Bogotá: Servicio Geológico Colombiano, luglio 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32685/4.7.2014.119.

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SGC, Servicio Geológico Colombiano. Mapa Geomorfológico aplicado a movimientos en masa escala 1:100.000. Plancha 283 Purificación. Producto. Bogotá: Servicio Geológico Colombiano, maggio 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32685/4.7.2014.13.

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SGC, Servicio Geológico Colombiano. Mapa Geomorfológico aplicado a movimientos en masa escala 1:100.000. Plancha 129 Cañasgordas. Producto. Bogotá: Servicio Geológico Colombiano, agosto 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32685/4.7.2014.131.

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