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Tesi sul tema "Measurement values"
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1
DANIONI, FRANCESCA VITTORIA. ""UNDERSTANDING HUMAN VALUES IS A NEVER-ENDING PROCESS": CHALLENGES IN VALUES MEASUREMENT". Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/57794.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
L’obiettivo generale del progetto di ricerca è quello di riflettere sul tema della misurazione dei valori nell’ambito delle scienze psicosociali. Secondo la Teoria di Schwartz, i valori sono definiti come obiettivi desiderabili e transituazionali che servono come principi guida nella vita delle persone per guidare e determinare le azioni e gli atteggiamenti. I valori sono stati prevalentemente indagati tramite l’utilizzo di strumenti self-report per raccogliere dati quantitativi. Tuttavia, le risposte a questi strumenti possono essere influenzate da diversi bias, come ad esempio la desiderabilità sociale, oppure possono dipendere dalla tendenza a riflettere in modo introspettivo delle persone che rispondono. Ciò accade principalmente perché i valori sono per definizione ciò che è desiderabile e sono inoltre concetti astratti.
Sulla base di queste riflessioni, i Capitoli 1 e 2 considerano in modo teorico ed empirico gli strumenti self-report di misura dei valori e i bias che possono influenzare le risposte a questi strumenti. I Capitoli 3, 4, 5 e 6 considerano invece un recente sviluppo nel campo della misurazione dei valori, ovvero la possibilità di studiare questo costrutto adottando la prospettiva della cognizione sociale implicita, utilizzando quindi strumenti indiretti per acquisire conoscenza sul tema. Nel presente lavoro sono stati sviluppati due strumenti indiretti utili alla misurazione di valori, il Values Implicit Association Task and the Values Lexical Decision Task; tali strumenti sono stati anche analizzati in funzione della loro relazione con gli strumenti self-report di valori e con un outcome comportamentale.The general aim of the present research project was to reflect on the measurement of values in the field of psychosocial sciences. According to Schwartz’s Theory, values are defined as desirable and trans-situational goals that serve as guiding principles in people's life to select modes, means, and actions. They have been mainly investigated using self-report instruments to gather quantitative data. However, respondents’ answers on these measures may be influenced by different response biases, such as for example socially desirable responding, or may depend on respondents’ tendency to introspection. This is mainly because values are by definition what is desirable, and they are abstract concepts. Based on this Chapters 1 and 2 theoretically and empirically deal with the available self-report measures of values and with the possible biases which are likely to influence respondents’ answers. Chapters 3 to 6 consider instead a recent trend in the field of values measurement, which is the possibility of studying values adopting an implicit social cognition perspective, that is using indirect measures to gain knowledge on the topic. Two indirect measures aimed at measuring values, namely the Values Implicit Association Test and the Values Lexical Decision Task, are here developed and considered in terms of their relations with self-report measures of values and with behavioural outcomes.
2
Cox, Bryce Kevin. "The Influence of Ambient Temperature on Green Roof R-values". PDXScholar, 2010. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/142.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Green roofs can be an effective and appealing way to increase the energy efficiency of buildings by providing active insulation. As plants in the green roof transpire, there is a reduction in heat flux that is conducted through the green roof. The R-value, or thermal resistance, of a green roof is an effective measurement of thermal performance because it can be easily included in building energy calculations applicable to many different buildings and situations. The purpose of this study was to determine if an increase in ambient temperature would cause an increase in the R-value of green roofs. Test trays containing green roof materials were tested in a low speed wind tunnel equipped to determine the R-value of the trays. Three different plant species were tested in this study, ryegrass (Lolium perenne), sedum (Sedum hispanicum), and vinca (Vinca minor). For each test in this study the relative humidity was maintained at 45% and the soil was saturated with water. The trays were tested at four different ambient temperatures, ranging from room temperature to 120ºF. The resulting R-values for sedum ranged from 1.37 to 3.28 ft²h°F/BTU, for ryegrass the R-values ranged from 2.15 to 3.62 ft²h°F/BTU, and for vinca the R-values ranged from 3.15 to 5.19 ft²h°F/BTU. The average R-value for all the tests in this study was 3.20 ft²h°F/BTU. The results showed an increase in R-value with increasing temperature. Applying an ANOVA analysis to the data, the relationship between temperature and R-value for all three plant species was found to be statistically significant.
3
Al, Mutawa Tariq I. M. S. "Adoption of internal performance values for measurement of customer satisfaction". Thesis, Brunel University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.436485.
Testo completo
4
Lee, Po-Ying. "The nature of values and valuation : theory, measurement and application". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243834.
Testo completo
5
Hall, Martin Lewis Walter. "Systems thinking and human values : towards a practical organisational intervention methodology". Thesis, University of Lincoln, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387702.
Testo completo
6
Jiang, Yanxia. "MEASUREMENT OF J-INTEGRAL VALUES OF DENTAL CERAMICS BY DIGITAL IMAGE CORRELATION". Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1453880114.
Testo completo
7
Solomons, Inez Denise. "A conceptual exploration of the teaching and assessment of values within the South African Outcomes-Based curriculum /". Thesis, Online access, 2009. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/usrfiles/modules/etd/docs/etd_gen8Srv25Nme4_3915_1277409913.pdf.
Testo completo
8
Erasmus, Juanita Esther. "A performance measurement model incorporating 360-degree evaluation of corporate values / Juanita Esther Erasmus". Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/746.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Corporate governance and management by values have become vital for organisations in South
Africa. Recent allegations of corruption, corporate failures and the abuse of leadership power
highlight the need for solid moral and ethical foundations. A set of shared values in an organisation
may prove to be a significant competitive advantage. The competence of employees as reflected
through the evaluation of their individual job goals has been widely measured for many years.
Currently, limited information is available on the measurement and evaluation of the conformance
of employees to corporate values. This study explores the conformance of individual members to
core values as part of a regular, systematic performance measurement system. Introducing such a
system may assist in enforcing accountability for individual ethical behaviour.
Literature on the topic advises that the core values of an organisation should be carefully and
correctly identified before individual conformance to the values can be measured. Managing by
values entails that preferred behaviours should be entrenched in all codes, policies, and
procedures of an organisation, including the performance measurement system. A 360-degree
evaluation is considered the most appropriate method to evaluate individual conformance to
corporate values.
Information gathered from the model development part of this study indicates the following:
360-Degree evaluation of values conformance may be incorporated into any existing
performance measurement system that conforms to the criteria established in this study.
A performance/values template used for the evaluation of job performance and values
conformance results effectively differentiates employees into categories.
The model developed in this study was effectively implemented and tested in an organisation.
It is expected that the implementation of the model will enhance the performance of
individuals and ultimately facilitate the creation of a motivating climate within the organisation.Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.
9
Cross, Heather Amanda. "Lidar measurement of boundary layer evolution to determine values of the entrainment coefficient A". Thesis, University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/482.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The Soil Moisure-Atmosphere Coupling Experiment (SMACEX) was conducted as part of the larger Soil Moisture Experiments (SMEX) field campaign in the Walnut Creek watershed near Ames, Iowa over the period from 15 June to 11 July 2002. As part of that work, measurements of the height of the boundary layer were gathered using a vertically staring lidar, and a method was developed for calculating the value of the entrainment parameter, A, from boundary layer geometry. The entrainment heat flux is of major importance to boundary layer models, representing the amount of energy that is supplied to the boundary layer by entrainment from the air above, which contributes to the growth of the boundary layer. The entrainment parameter, A, is defined as the ratio of the virtual potential temperature heat fluxes at the surface and at the top of the boundary layer. Most of the suggested values of A range between 0.1 and 0.3, with A=0.2 considered to be a good average to use in most modeling. In this paper we calculate the value of the entrainment parameter A based on entrainment zone geometry and examine a relationship between the entrainment parameter A, the vertical potential temperature gradient, and boundary layer development. The results here indicate that during some periods of boundary layer growth, the entrainment coefficient does not maintain a constant value. It is a characteristic that changes depending on the stage of boundary layer evolution.
10
Hovatter, Thomas W. "MEASUREMENT AND PREDICTION OF LEADERSHIP EFFECTIVENESS BASED ON ATTRIBUTES". Available to subscribers only, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1791777781&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Southern Illinois University Carbondale, 2009."Department of Workforce Education and Development." Keywords: Effective leadership, Full-range leadership, Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire, Personal Values Profile, Transactional leadership, Transformational leadership, Leadership. Includes bibliographical references (p. 120-133). Also available online.
11
Farquhar, MaryBeth Anne. "Actor Networks in Health Care: Translating Values into Measures of Hospital Performance". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28312.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The health care system within the United States is in a state of transition. The industry, confronted with a variety of new technologies, new ways of organizing, spiraling costs, diminishing service quality and new actors, is changing, almost on a daily basis. Reports issued by the Institute of Medicine raise quality issues such as avoidable errors and underuse/overuse of services; other studies document regional variation in care. Improvement in the quality of care, according to health care experts is accomplished through measuring and comparing performance, but there are a number of disparate actors involved in this endeavor. Through a network of both public and private actors, collaboration on the development of a set of national performance measures is underway. Organizations such as the National Quality Forum (NQF), the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) and other have formed networks to develop and standardize performance measurement systems that can distinguish between quality services and substandard ones. While there is some available research about the processes involved in performance measurement system design, there is little known about the factors that influence the development and work of the network, particularly the selection of hospital performance measures. This dissertation explored the development of a national performance measurement system for hospitals, using an institutional rational choice perspective and actor-network theory as frameworks for discussion. Through qualitative research methods such as direct observation, interviews, participant observations and document review, a theoretically informed case study of the NQFâ s Hospital Steering Committee was performed, to address the following questions: How is a national performance measurement system developed and what is the role of federal agencies (e.g., AHRQ and CMS) in the process?Ph. D.
12
Mwema, Wilfred N. "A reliable optimisation based model parameter extraction approach for GaAS based field effect transistors using measurement correlated parameter starting values /". Kassel : Kassel Univ. Press, 2002. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=969573847.
Testo completo
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Brasileiro, Tamíris da Costa. "Medidas Explícitas e Implícitas de Atitudes Frente à Adoção e seus Correlatos Valorativos". Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2014. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/6963.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
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This dissertation aimed to know the extent of which human values and attitudes explain the intention during adoption. Thus, we chose three studies. Study 1 aimed to build two explicit measures of adoption, the Attitudes toward Adoption Scale (EAFA) and the Behavioral Intention of Adopting Scale (EICA). The participation consisted of 206 people from the general population of João Pessoa (in the State of Paraíba, Brazil), mostly female (60%) with a mean age of 32 years (SD = 7.61). The EAFA presented a structure containing three factors: availability to adopt (α = 0.89), risks associated with adoption (α = 0.78) and humanitarian aspects of adoption (α = 0.78), which together explain the 45% of the total variance. The EICA, in turn, showed contained only one factor, which explains 65.8% of the total variance under Cronbach's alpha of 0.86. Study 2 aimed to: a) confirm the factorial structures of the measurements of EAFA and EICA, and b) test the explanatory model of the intention to adopt, considering antecedent variables as values and explicit attitudes toward adoption. The sample consisted of 215 people from the general population, with an average age of 33 years (SD = 7.67), mostly female (51 %). They answered the measurements from study 1, in addition to the Basic Values Questionnaire (QVB), the scale of social desirability Marlowe - Crowne (EDSMC) and a sociodemographic questionnaire. The results allowed the confirmation of the factorial structure of EAFA and unifactorial structure of EICA, while pointing to the development of a theoretical model involving the supra-personal, interactive and experimental values in explaining attitudes towards adoption and these, in turn, predicting the intention to adopt. This model is suitable for empirical data [χ²/df = 2.40, GFI = 0.99, AGFI = 0.98, CFI = 1.00, RMR = 0.02 and RMSEA = 0.00 (0.06 - 0.00), PCLOSE (p = 0.92)]. Finally, Study 3 had the following objectives: c) construct a measurement tool to examine implicit attitudes toward adoption (IAT - Adoption), and d) develop an alternative model of intention to adopt to that proposed in the study, involving values and implicit attitudes towards adoption. 50 people participated from the general population, the majority was female (54.9%), single (56.9%) with mean age of 29.55 years (SD=6.49). Besides the implicit measurement, the same instruments were used in the study 2: QVB and EICA, beyond the demographic data. Overall, the results indicated that people have implicit attitudes favorable toward to adoption and that these are inversely correlated realizable values. The second theoretical model also was proven adequate [χ²/gl =1,33, GFI = 0,90, AGFI = 0,81, CFI = 0,97 e RMSEA = 0,08 (0,001-0,17); PCLOSE (p = 0,28)]. Therefore, the objectives of this thesis were met by developing explicit and implicit measurements, and testing two alternative models of the intention to adopt, and these presented satisfactory results using the variable values, and implicit and explicit attitudes toward adoption.
A presente dissertação teve por objetivo conhecer em que medida os valores humanos e as atitudes frente à adoção explicam a intenção de adotar. Deste modo, optou-se por realizar três estudos. O Estudo 1, objetivou construir duas medidas explícitas de adoção, a Escala de Atitudes frente à Adoção (EAFA) e a Escala de Intenção Comportamental de Adotar (EICA). Contou-se com a participação de 206 pessoas da população geral de João Pessoa (PB), sendo a maioria do sexo feminino (60%), com idade média de 32 anos (DP = 7,61). Em relação à EAFA, esta apresentou uma estrutura de três fatores: disponibilidade em adotar (α = 0,89), riscos associados à adoção (α = 0,78) e aspectos humanitários da adoção (α = 0,78), que explicam conjuntamente 45% da variância total. A EICA, por sua vez, apresentou apenas um fator, que explica 65,8% da variância total, tendo apresentado um Alfa de Cronbach de 0,86. O Estudo 2, teve como objetivos: a) comprovar as estruturas fatoriais das medidas EAFA e EICA, além de b) testar o modelo explicativo da intenção de adotar, considerando como variáveis antecedentes os valores e as atitudes explícitas frente à adoção. Contou-se com 215 pessoas da população geral, com idade média de 33 anos (DP = 7,67), sendo a maioria do sexo feminino (51%). Estes responderam as medidas elaboradas no estudo 1, além do Questionário dos Valores Básicos (QVB), da Escala de desejabilidade social de Marlowe-Crowne (EDSMC), e de um questionário sociodemográfico. Os resultados permitiram comprovar a estrutura trifatorial da EAFA e unifatorial da EICA, além de apontar para a elaboração de um modelo teórico envolvendo os valores suprapessoais, de experimentação e interativos na explicação das atitudes frente à adoção e estas, por sua vez, predizendo a intenção de adotar. Este modelo se mostrou adequado aos dados empíricos [χ²/gl = 2,40, GFI = 0,99, AGFI = 0,98, CFI = 1,00 e RMSEA = 0,00 (0,06 0,00), PCLOSE (p = 0,92)]. Por fim, o Estudo 3 partiu dos seguintes objetivos: c) construir uma medida implícita de atitudes frente à adoção (IAT Adoção), e d) elaborar um modelo alternativo da intenção de adotar àquele proposto no estudo, envolvendo os valores e atitudes implícitas frente à adoção. Participaram 50 pessoas da população geral, sendo a maioria do sexo feminino (54,9%), solteira (56,9%), com idade média de 29,55 anos (dp = 6,49). Além da medida implícita, foram utilizados os mesmos instrumentos do estudo 2: QVB e EICA, além dos dados sociodemográficos. No geral, os resultados indicaram que as pessoas apresentam atitudes implícitas favoráveis frente à adoção e que estas estão inversamente correlacionadas aos valores de realização. O segundo modelo teórico também se mostrou adequado [χ²/gl =1,33, GFI = 0,90, AGFI = 0,81, CFI = 0,97 e RMSEA = 0,08 (0,001-0,17); PCLOSE (p = 0,28)]. Logo, os objetivos desta dissertação foram cumpridos, elaborando medidas explícitas e implícitas, e testando dois modelos alternativos da intenção de adotar, tendo estes apresentado resultados satisfatórios por meio das variáveis valores e atitudes explícitas e implícitas frente à adoção.
14
Mwema, Wilfred N. [Verfasser]. "A reliable optimisation based model parameter extraction : approach for GaAS based field effect transistors using measurement correlated parameter starting values / Wilfred N. Mwema". Kassel : Kassel Univ. Press, 2002. http://d-nb.info/969573847/34.
Testo completo
15
Khumalo, Itumeleng Paul. "Exploring the validity of the VIA-Inventory of Strengths in an African context / Itumeleng P. Khumalo". Thesis, North-West University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/721.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The aim of this study was to explore the validity of the Values in Action Inventory of
Strengths (VIA-IS) in an African context. This 240-item self-report questionnaire that
measures 24 character strengths (Peterson & Seligrnan, 2004), was developed in a
western individualistic context, and it cannot be assumed to be valid in African
contexts without prior scientific evaluation. The current study, a first step in the
evaluation of its validity in an African context, focussed on psychometric properties
such as reliability, mean scores and variance, criterion-related validity, confirmatory
and exploratory factor analyses, as well as translatability.
In a cross-sectional survey design an availability sample of African students
(N=256) completed the original English version of the VIA-IS and other criterion-related
measures of psychological well-being and health, during facilitated group
sessions. The latter scales were the Affectometer 2 (Kammann & Flett, 1983), the
Fortitude Questionnaire (Pretorius, 1998), the Sense of Coherence Scale (Antonovsky,
1987), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (Diener, et al. 1985), and the General Health
Questionnaire (Goldberg & Hillier, 1979). Translation of the VIA-IS into Setswana
and back-translation were conducted and evaluated by a research evaluation
committee.
Results indicated that mean scores of the VIA-IS subscales are relatively aligned
with those in a western context. Twenty of the twenty-four VIA-subscales showed
satisfactory Cronbach alphas reliability indices above .70. The VIA-IS satisfies
criterion-related validity as indicated by positive correlation with life satisfaction,
positive affect, fortitude and sense of coherence, and negative correlation with
negative affect and symptoms of ill-health. The VIA-IS was found to be translatable
with preservation of original meaning, but in some instances technical terms had to be
borrowed. Second order confirmatory and exploratory principal component factor
analyses on the 24 strengths yielded three significant factors, and not six as
theoretically expected, in this African group. The three emic virtue clusters are 1)
Wisdom, knowledge and courage, 2) Horizontal and vertical relatedness and 3)
Integrity in a group context: temperance and justice. This clustering of virtues reflects
a socio-centric, collectivistic African cultural value system. It is concluded that the
VIA-IS may have merit in an African context, but is not completely valid in its
original form with its hypothesised six value clusters. With modifications and
adaptations a more valid version may be developed for an African context. Studies on
randomly selected, larger African samples are recommended.Thesis (M.Sc. (Clinical Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.
16
Lízner, Miroslav. "Modulární síťové zařízení pro měření a ovládání". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219074.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This diploma thesis deals with ethernet embeded device. The main goal of this work is to develop device for reading values, input states and for output control. The hardware solution based on STM32 mitrocontroller is described in practical part of this work.
17
Weber, Wiebke. "Behind Left and Right. The meaning of left-right orientation in Europe". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/107624.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The left-right concept is considered to facilitate communication and
orientation in the political world. It has a long tradition in European
politics due to its capacity to absorb different associations over
time. However, this dynamic nature of the concept requires
periodical reassessments in order to assure that a common
conceptualisation endures. This dissertation focuses on reassign
what individual left-right orientation means. Usually, this is
measured by asking people to place themselves on a scale labelled
‘left’ and ‘right’ at its endpoints. The first empirical analysis of this
dissertation shows that this measure is comparable across groups
and countries. Thereafter, the relationship between an individual’s
issue preference and left-right orientation is considered. The second
empirical analysis shows that this relationship is conditioned by the
importance people assign to the respective issues. The final analysis
demonstrates that what explains left-right orientation is contingent
on individual and contextual factors. This implies that in order to
understand left-right orientation, it is not enough to identify what
has an impact on a person’s position but also account for all those
factors that predict variation between individuals. Given this
complexity, my conclusion is that the left-right concept runs the risk
of becoming too complicated to serve as an analytical tool to shed
light on political attitudes and behaviour.El concepte esquerra-dreta és considerat com un factor facilitador de la comunicació en el món polític. Té una llarga tradició’ en la política europea degut a la seva capacitat d’absorbir diferents associacions a través del temps. Tanmateix, aquesta natura dinàmica del concepte requereix revisions periòdiques per assegurar que persisteix una conceptualització comuna. La present tesi es centra en resignar el que significa l’orientació esquerra-dreta. Normalment, es mesura tot demanant als enquestats posicionar-se a ells mateixos en una escala que va de l’esquerra a la dreta. El primer anàlisi empíric de la present tesi mostra que aquesta mesura és comparable entre grups i països. Seguidament, es considera la relació entre les preferències temàtiques dels individus i llur orientació esquerra-dreta. El segon anàlisi empíric mostra que aquesta relació està condicionada per la importància que les persones assignen als temes respectius. L’anàlisi final demostra que el que explica l’orientació esquerra-dreta depèn de factors contextuals i individuals. Això implica que per entendre l’orientació esquerra-dreta no és suficient identificar què té un impacte en la posició d’una persona sinó també una explicació per a tots aquells factors que preveuen la variació entre individus. Donada aquesta complexitat, la meva conclusió és que el concepte esquerra-dreta corre el risc de convertir-se en massa complicat per a servir com a eina analítica per a l’estudi de les actituds i el comportament politics.
18
Johnson, Jennifer E., e Chris W. Rella. "Effects of variation in background mixing ratios of N2, O2, and Ar on the measurement of δ 18O–H2O and δ 2H–H2O values by cavity ring-down spectroscopy". COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625771.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Cavity ring-down spectrometers have generally been designed to operate under conditions in which the background gas has a constant composition. However, there are a number of observational and experimental situations of interest in which the background gas has a variable composition. In this study, we examine the effect of background gas composition on a cavity ring-down spectrometer that measures δ18O–H2O and δ2H–H2O values based on the amplitude of water isotopologue absorption features around 7184 cm−1 (L2120-i, Picarro, Inc.). For background mixtures balanced with N2, the apparent δ18O values deviate from true values by −0.50 ± 0.001 ‰ O2 %−1 and −0.57 ± 0.001 ‰ Ar %−1, and apparent δ2H values deviate from true values by 0.26 ± 0.004 ‰ O2 %−1 and 0.42 ± 0.004 ‰ Ar %−1. The artifacts are the result of broadening, narrowing, and shifting of both the target absorption lines and strong neighboring lines. While the background-induced isotopic artifacts can largely be corrected with simple empirical or semi-mechanistic models, neither type of model is capable of completely correcting the isotopic artifacts to within the inherent instrument precision. The development of strategies for dynamically detecting and accommodating background variation in N2, O2, and/or Ar would facilitate the application of cavity ring-down spectrometers to a new class of observations and experiments.
19
Fleming, Susannah. "Measurement and fusion of non-invasive vital signs for routine triage of acute paediatric illness". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:840d94b0-041f-4b15-8b37-c2e37c999f3e.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Serious illness in childhood is a rare occurrence, but accounts for 20% of childhood deaths. Early recognition and treatment of serious illness is vital if the child is to recover without long-term disability. It is known that vital signs such as heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature, and oxygen saturation can be used to identify children who are at high risk of serious illness. This thesis presents research into the development of a vital signs monitor, designed for use in the initial assessment of unwell children at their first point of contact with a medical practitioner. Child-friendly monitoring techniques are used to obtain vital signs, which can then be combined using data fusion techniques to assist clinicians in identifying children with serious illness. Existing normal ranges for heart rate and respiratory rate in childhood vary considerably, and do not appear to be based on clinical evidence. This thesis presents a systematic meta-analysis of heart rate and respiratory rate from birth to 18 years of age, providing evidence-based curves which can be used to assess the degree of abnormality in these important vital signs. Respiratory rate is particularly difficult to measure in children, but is known to be predictive of serious illness. Current methods of automated measurement can be distressing, or are time-consuming to apply. This thesis therefore presents a novel method for estimating the respiratory rate from an optical finger sensor, the pulse oximeter, which is routinely used in clinical practice. Information from multiple vital signs can be used to identify children at risk of serious illness. A number of data fusion techniques were tested on data collected from children attending primary and emergency care, and shown to outperform equivalent existing scoring systems when used to identify those with more serious illness.
20
AQUINO, JÚNIOR Gibeon Soares de. "Value-based productivity measurement in software development projects". Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2010. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/1768.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
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Previous issue date: 2010A fim de melhorar a sua competitividade no mercado global, as organizações de software têm se preocupado cada vez mais com a questão de produtividade na execução de projetos. No entanto, para melhorar a produtividade, as organizações de software devem definir uma forma de medí-la. O problema é que a medição da produtividade apesar de parecer ser simples, sua aplicação concreta se mostra muito complexa. Muitos são os trabalhos de pesquisa sobre o tema, no entanto não há convergência sobre a métrica mais adequada de produtividade para as organizações de software. Baseado nos conceitos fundamentais relacionados à processos de produção, áreas de conhecimento social, evidências coletadas em organizações de software reais e análise do estado da arte em medição de produtividade em software, concluimos que a métrica mais adequada para medir a produtividade é específica para cada contexto organizacional, pois envolve estratégia, cultura organizacional, modus operandi, além de interesse e conhecimento daqueles diretamente envolvidos na medição e avaliação da produtividade. Isto explica porque não existe e nem há a possibilidade de existência de uma métrica de produtividade para projetos de software universalmente aceita. Baseado nestas descobertas, sugerimos a adoção de uma abordagem de medir produtividade baseada em valor. A hipótese central que orienta nossa trabalho de pesquisa é que uma abordagem baseada em valor pra medir a produtividade para medir a produtividade de projetos de software é mais adequada que as medições tradicionais. Uma das consequências da validade desta hipótese é que cada organização deve definir seu próprio modelo para a medição da produtividade. Com o objetivo de ajudar as organizações a definir e implementar um modelo próprio de medição de produtividade, um processo sistemático, com uma seqüência bem definida de etapas, entradas, saídas e diretrizes foi proposto. Ele envolve as atividades relacionadas com a definição, implementação e aperfeiçoamento do modelo de medição de produtividade. Além disso, foi baseado em uma extensa revisão dos principais desenvolvimentos relacionados com a medição da produtividade, além de ser influenciado por modelos de referência em engenharia de software, como IDEAL, CMMI, PSM e ISO/IEC 15939. O resultado da aplicação deste processo em uma organização de software produz um modelo de avaliação da produtividade, que considera a idéia de valor com base na visão dos principais stakeholders da organização. Finalmente, o conceito de medição de produtividade baseado em valor é adotado e avaliado em um estudo de caso, envolvendo em uma organização real de desenvolvimento de projetos de software. Em particular, o processo proposto para definição de modelos de medição de produtividade foi adotado e os benefícios, problemas e desafios foram avaliados com o objetivo de avaliar a eficácia do processo em atendar a o seu propósito. As análises do estudo de caso confirmaram que este tipo de abordagem foi de fato mais adequada para a organização estudada e que potencialmente pode ser aplicado a outras organizações de software
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Bruce, Helen Louise. "Customer perceived value : reconceptualisation, investigation and measurement". Thesis, Cranfield University, 2013. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/8586.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The concept of customer perceived value occupies a prominent position within the
strategic agenda of organisations, as firms seek to maximise the value perceived by
their customers as arising from their consumption, and to equal or exceed that
perceived in relation to competitor propositions. Customer value management is
similarly central to the marketing discipline. However, the nature of customer value
remains ambiguous and its measurement is typically flawed, due to the poor
conceptual foundation upon which previous research endeavours are built.
This investigation seeks to address the current poverty of insight regarding the nature
and measurement of customer value. The development of a revised conceptual
framework synthesises the strengths of previous value conceptualisations while
addressing many of their limitations. A multi-dimensional depiction of value arising
from customer experience is presented, in which value is conceptualised as arising at
both first-order dimension and overall, second-order levels of abstraction.
The subsequent operationalisation of this conceptual framework within a two-phase
investigation combines qualitative and quantitative methodologies in a study of
customer value arising from subscription TV (STV) consumption. Sixty semi-structured
interviews with 103 existing STV customers give rise to a multi-dimensional model of
value, in which dimensions are categorised as restorative, actualising and hedonic in
type, and as arising via individual, reflected or shared modes of perception. The
quantitative investigation entails two periods of data collection via questionnaires
developed from the qualitative findings, and the gathering of 861 responses, also from
existing STV customers. A series of scales with which to measure value dimensions is
developed and an index enabling overall perceived value measurement is produced.
Contributions to theory of customer value arise in the form of enhanced insights
regarding its nature. At the first-order dimension level, the derived dimensions are of
specific relevance to the STV industry. However, the empirically derived framework of
dimension types and modes of perception has potential applicability in multiple
contexts. At the more abstract, second-order level, the findings highlight that value
perceptions comprise only a subset of potential dimensions. Evidence is thus
presented of the need to consider value at both dimension and overall levels of
perception. Contributions to knowledge regarding customer value measurement also
arise, as the study produces reliable and valid scales and an index. This latter tool is
novel in its formative measurement of value as a second order construct, comprising
numerous first-order dimensions of value, rather than quality as incorporated in
previously derived measures. This investigation also results in a contribution to theory
regarding customer experience through the identification of a series of holistic, discrete,
direct and indirect value-generating interactions.
Contributions to practice within the STV industry arise as the findings present a solution
to the immediate need for enhanced value insight. Contributions to alternative
industries are methodological, as this study presents a detailed process through which
robust value insight can be derived. Specific methodological recommendations arise in
respect of the need for empirically grounded research, an experiential focus and a twostage
quantitative methodology.
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Kyriacou, Marios Nicou. "Financial risk measurement and extreme value theory". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.621397.
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Doig, Graham. "A study of the factors that influence the perceptions of strategic information value in major UK based organisations". Thesis, Loughborough University, 2002. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/6902.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
It has been argued for many years that if applied effectively, information can be a valuable organisational resource; indeed, many contend that it is the lifeblood of the organisation. This view is supported by the academic literature, which identifies a wide range of factors that influence perceptions of strategic information value. For example, information quality and information accessibility have both been widely discussed. The use of information for enabling organisational change in organisations, for marketing activities, and for strategic planning have also been the subject of academic investigation. However, whilst the literature in this domain is fairly extensive, it is largely theoretical, rather than empirical, in nature and it also tends to be highly fragmented, addressing narrow aspects of value. The primary aim of this study was to undertake a holistic exploration of the factors affecting the perceived value of strategic information, using rigorous empirical methods. Moreover, the research sought to address the question of why organisations typically fail to treat information as a formal asset, even though they perceive it to be valuable resource. To explore these broad objectives, a three-phase approach was adopted combining the use of both quantitative and qualitative methods of research. More specifically, the study commenced with a questionnaire-based survey that was designed to validate the initial conceptual framework. This was followed by a phase of the research, which utilised detailed case studies in eight major UK based commercial organisations, to explore how perceptions of information value were affected by the implementation of data warehouses. The final phase of the study sought to validate the research findings and explore their wider implications, through the utilisation of on-line focus groups. The research project has produced several key findings. It has provided evidence that information accessibility and information quality are critical constructs that impact the perceived value of information. It has confirmed that a number of business activities, such as marketing, are highly dependent on the use of information. It has suggested that improvements in the accessibility and quality of information can lead to the improved effectiveness of these business activities, and that this can lead to the attainment of more substantial measurable business benefits. Finally, the research has also suggested that although most organisations consider information to be valuable, few give serious consideration to formally classing information as an asset, and none appear to measure the value of their information assets. It is believed that this study has made a number of significant contributions to the literature. It has provided a holistic view of the dimensions that can impact the perceived value of strategic information. Most importantly, from an academic perspective, it has produced empirically based evidence on the relationships between a wide-range of dimensions and the perceived value of information, on attitudes to information being considered an asset, and the actions organisations take to measure the value of information assets. It has been argued that without a clear understanding of the value of information, it is difficult to manage it appropriately, and consequently it is also difficult to ultimately attain the value of the information. By providing afar clearer and holistic picture of the factors affecting the value of information, coupled with many important new insights about the management of information, the results of this study should help to ensure that organisations can fully realise the value of their strategic information resources.
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Castelino, Judith Andrea. "Estimating mobility values from electroluminescence measurements on organic polymers". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/35470.
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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1995.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 73-74).
by Judith Andrea Castelino.
M.Eng.
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Dutta, Binamra. "Enterprise software metrics how to add business value /". [Kent, Ohio] : Kent State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=kent1239239432.
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Singhal, Rajat, e Nicolas Berlinger. "How to bell the cat named Social Impact Measurements : Challenges and Limitations in setting up Social Impact Measurement". Thesis, KTH, Industriell Marknadsföring och Entreprenörskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-230924.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Social Entrepreneurship and Social Enterprises are an emerging trend. An increasing number of individuals are finding ways to address a social issue through their entrepreneurial skills. As well as increasing number of corporations and investing organizations are looking for ventures that address a social issue to fulfill their social responsibility. Thus, it is increasingly becoming important for the social entrepreneurs to measure and report their impacts to society in an accurate way. This research seeks to find out the challenges faced by social entrepreneurs while setting up social impact measurements in their ventures and the solutions adopted by them. Through a series of semi‐structured interviews with successful social entrepreneurs, this research collects qualitative data that increases the knowledge in this area and contributes in a better understanding of the challenges faced by social entrepreneurs. This research found that Theory Of Change is the most commonly used method and is preferred by practitioners as it is easy to implement. The research summarises the efforts it takes to implement the measurements, recommends best practices or advice to make impact measurement easier and useful. Also, a framework is developed that can be used in setting up measurements in a social venture.
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Dirbák, Štefan. "Návrh a realizace plošného měření rezistivity půdy". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-413053.
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This diploma thesis deals with research and study of soil impedance measurement and soil resistivity. Currently, the issue of measuring and determining soil resistance is ensured through the gradual measurement of certain soil parameters at individual points of the surface (or depth of the ground). This thesis focuses on the idea of measuring soil resistance on a certain area using a network of electrodes through a suitably designed test, measurement and evaluation system. Such an approach may find application in the need to determine soil parameters (such as resistivity) on a specific demarcated area (or depth). The prospect of such an application can be seen in saving time, energy and money needed to measure the soil resistivity of a certain area (as opposed to gradual point measurements). The configuration possibilities of OMICRON CPC 100 measuring instrument were used for the design and implementation of the measuring system for the mentioned purpose. The work is completed by verification of the proposed solution by real measurement with evaluation of the results.
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Benstock, Daniel. "Extreme value analysis of ultrasonic thickness measurements". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/45657.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Modern infrastructure and industrial plants have a finite design life. Their effective and profitable operation depends on well organised maintenance and condition assessments. Non-destructive evaluation and inspection is a key tool for condition assessment. However, despite best efforts, full inspection coverage of a plant is not always possible because of access problems, time constraints and limited budgets. Many inspection companies are beginning to use partial coverage inspection (PCI) techniques to solve this problem. PCI describes the use of inspection data collected from a small area of the component to extrapolate to the condition an the rest of the component. Extreme value analysis (EVA) is a technique of particular interest for this application as it allows an inspector to construct a statistical model of the smallest thickness measurements across the component. This model can then be used to extrapolate to the most likely minimum thickness. In this thesis, an analysis of the uncertainties that can arise when using EVA for extrapolation is performed. A clear outline of the uncertainties expected to result from EVA extrapolation is presented and it is made usable for inspectors. In addition, a simple test algorithm to analyse when EVA is suitable for a set of inspection data is described. It is hoped that the work described in this thesis will enhance confidence in the practical use of the technique in the field. Furthermore, the effect of surface roughness on ultrasonic thickness measurements is investigated with joint experimental and computational studies. It is shown that the thickness measurement distribution can differ significantly from the actual thickness distribution, particularly for the smallest values of thickness and with rougher surface conditions. Consequently, extrapolations from extreme value models using ultrasonic thickness data are shown to be conservative compared to the true condition of the component.
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Heger, Roland Helmut. "Value Measurement for New Product Category: a Conjoint Approach to Eliciting Value Structure". PDXScholar, 1996. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1305.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Ability to measure value from the customer's point of view is central to the determination of market offerings: Customers will only buy the equivalent of perceived value, and companies can only offer benefits that cost less to provide than customers are willing to pay. Conjoint analysis is the most popular individual-level value measurement method to determine relative impact of product or service attributes on preferences and other dependent variables. This research focuses on how value measurement can be made more accurate and more reliable by measuring the relative influence of selected methodological variations on performance in prediction and on stability of value structure, and by grouping customers with similar value structure into segments which respond to product stimuli in a similar manner. Influences of the type of attributes included in the conjoint task, of the factorial design used to construct the product profiles, of the type and form of model, of the time of measurement, and of the type of cluster-based segmentation method, are evaluated. Data was gathered with a questionnaire that controlled for methodological variations, and with a notebook computer as the measurement object. One repeated measurement was taken. The study was conducted in two phases. In Phase I, influences of methodological variations on accuracy in prediction and on respective value structure were examined. In Phase II, different cluster-based segmentation methods--hierarchical clustering (HIC), non-hierarchical clustering (NHC), and fuzzy c-means clustering (FUC)--and according conjoint models were evaluated for their performance in prediction and in comparison with individual-level conjoint models. Results show the best models for a variety of design parameters are traditional individual-level, main-effects-only conjoint models. Neither modeling of interactions, nor segment-level conjoint models were able to improve on prediction. Best segment-level conjoint models were obtained with a fuzzy clustering method, worst models were obtained with k-means and the most fuzzy clustering approach. In conclusion, conjoint analysis reveals itself as a reliable method to measure individual customer value. It seems more rewarding for improvement of accuracy in prediction to apply repeated measures, or gather additional data about the respondent, than to attempt improvement on methodological variations with a single measurement.
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Kotíková, Martina. "Hodnocení výkonnosti podniku". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-318287.
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This master s thesis deals with the performance evaluation of the company Agrochov Jezernice a.s. using Balanced Scorecard approach for increasing performance. This thesis consists of the theoretical part with detailed company introduction and its activities as well as strategic and financial analysis on the basis of which it was possible to set the Balanced Scorecard proposal to develop the company's performance. assessment and prepare the overall implementation proposal.
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Messenger, N. "The clinical value of the objective measurement of gait". Thesis, University of Salford, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381726.
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Moncaleano, Sebastian. "Examining the Comparative Measurement Value of Technology-Enhanced Items:". Thesis, Boston College, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:109086.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis advisor: Michael RussellThe growth of computer-based testing over the last two decades has motivated the creation of innovative item formats. It is often argued that technology-enhanced items (TEIs) provide better measurement of test-takers’ knowledge, skills, and abilities by increasing the authenticity of tasks presented to test-takers (Sireci & Zenisky, 2006). Despite the popularity of TEIs in operational assessments, there remains little psychometric research on these innovative item formats. Claims regarding their potential to provide better measurement are seldomly explored. This dissertation adds to this limited body of research by developing theory and proposing a methodology to compare TEIs to traditional item formats. This study investigated how to judge the comparative measurement value (CMV) of two drag-and-drop technology-enhanced formats (classification and rank-ordering) relative to stem-equivalent multiple-choice items. Items were administered to a sample of adults and results were calibrated using a 2-parameter logistic IRT model. Moreover, the utility of the TEIs was evaluated according to the TEI Utility Framework (Russell, 2016). Four indicators were identified as the most valuable characteristics to judge CMV and then combined into a hierarchical decision protocol. When applied, this protocol provides a CMV judgment and a recommendation of the preferred item format. Applying the protocol to the items revealed that most TEIs examined in this study showed decreased CMV, indicating that in a real-life scenario the multiple-choice format would be favored for most of these item pairs. Recommendations for the use of the CMV protocol and directions of future related research are discussed
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2021
Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education
Discipline: Educational Research, Measurement and Evaluation
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Nnyanzi, Lawrence A. "The National Child Measurement Programme : its value and impact". Thesis, Teesside University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10149/301632.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Rising rates of obesity among children have become one of the most pressing issues in modern public health. Childhood obesity threatens both the mental and physical well-being of children. Attempts to halt the rise in obesity take many forms, but one of them is the recent implementation of a programme of measurement of primary children at reception and in year 6, with results being fed back to parents. This National Child Measurement Programme (NCMP) is controversial and has been criticised in some quarters as unethical, in being a form of screening programme with no clear or effective interventions available for those detected as having a problem. Study aims and objectives The main aim of the study was to explore the relationship between weight status and children’s mental wellbeing, especially in the context of the NCMP. Within this overall aim, key specific objectives of the study were: i) to investigate the association between weight status of 10-11 year old school children and their mental well-being; ii) to assess the impact on the mental wellbeing of children, of participating in the NCMP; and iii) to collect information about parents’/guardians’ and children’s reaction to the NCMP, with particular interest in identifying whether parents/guardians and their children found the feedback useful in moving towards the adoption of a healthy lifestyle. Methods The study was undertaken in primary schools in the catchment area of Gateshead Primary Care Trust (PCT). The overall study used a mixed methods study design. The study involved administering a questionnaire prior to NCMP measurement to a total sample of 264 children, sampled using a proportionate stratified random sampling technique. One-to-one semi-structured interviews were also conducted post measurement with 21 children purposively sub-sampled from the larger group, and with 16 parents/guardians. Results Prior to measurement, most children misclassified their weight status. About 1 in 10 children who were of ideal weight perceived themselves as overweight. Over three quarters of overweight children perceived themselves to be of ideal weight. There was no significant relationship between any of the indicators of mental wellbeing and actual weight status of children. However, there was very strong evidence for a Preface xxv significant relationship between perceived weight status and mental wellbeing among children. Seven major themes emerged from the post measurement interview data, but perhaps the most intriguing was the cycle of emotional reaction of families to the NCMP and weight feedback. Discussion The reactions of parents/guardians whose children are indicated to have weight problems follow a sequence of behaviours ranging from shock, disgust with the programme, through denial and self-blame to acceptance, worry and help seeking. Reasons for these responses relate in many cases to the way the weight problem is portrayed to the parents. While health authorities are keen to portray this problem as a medical one, parents/guardians see it as social one. The roots of overeating and lack of exercise are seen as lying in the complex social and cultural milieu in which this sample of people live. Consequently, associating this problem in feedback letters with dangerous diseases like cancer, and advising parents to visit GPs to resolve child weight issues, seems inappropriate to the recipients and causes controversy and anger. Conclusion The NCMP’s routine feedback could potentially induce families into the state of readiness to change lifestyle behaviours; however, given the reactions described in this study, it seems critical to avoid placing blame on individuals but rather to acknowledge the influence of the environment surrounding families and to provide non-medical support aimed at bringing families on board to support interventions for combating child weight problems.
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Roy, Debanjali. "Retail Services : Measurement and Contribution to National Income". Scholarly Repository, 2008. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/133.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Two models are developed that considers the different services provided by retail firms as an output of the retail industry besides the goods sold. The first model considers that consumers only gain utility from consuming retail goods and services and the second model considers that consumers shop for retail goods and experience a transaction cost, which is determined by the level of services. From both models a measure of retail output and value added is constructed. The models are used to answer the following question. Does the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) accurately capture the value of retail services while calculating the value added of the retail sector? The models are estimated by a Generalized Method of Moments estimation technique using data for the retail industry between 1980 and 2005. The estimate of parameters from both models suggests declining market power over time and scale economies in the retail industry. The BEA measures the retail output on the basis of the gross margin which is total sales less total purchases and does not consider the value of services. We compute value added on the basis of our models. In both models, the values of retail services are included while calculating retail output. Results show that the BEA has underestimated the value added of the retail sector for all years in the study. The degree of underestimation is close in both models and it declines across time.
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Smith, Aaron Paul. "NEUROBEHAVIORAL MEASUREMENTS OF NATURAL AND OPIOID REWARD VALUE". UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/psychology_etds/164.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In the last decade, (non)prescription opioid abuse, opioid use disorder (OUD) diagnoses, and opioid-related overdoses have risen and represent a significant public health concern. One method of understanding OUD is as a disorder of choice that requires choosing opioid rewards at the expense of other nondrug rewards. The characterization of OUD as a disorder of choice is important as it implicates decision- making processes as therapeutic targets, such as the valuation of opioid rewards. However, reward-value measurement and interpretation are traditionally different in substance abuse research compared to related fields such as economics, animal behavior, and neuroeconomics and may be less effective for understanding how opioid rewards are valued. The present research therefore used choice procedures in line with behavioral/neuroeconomic studies to determine if drug-associated decision making could be predicted from economic choice theories. In Experiment 1, rats completed an isomorphic food-food probabilistic choice task with dynamic, unpredictable changes in reward probability that required constant updating of reward values. After initial training, the reward magnitude of one choice subsequently increased from one to two to three pellets. Additionally, rats were split between the Signaled and Unsignaled groups to understand how cues modulate reward value. After each choice, the Unsignaled group received distinct choice-dependent cues that were uninformative of the choice outcome. The Signaled group also received uninformative cues on one option, but the alternative choice produced reward-predictive cues that informed the trial outcome as a win or loss. Choice data were analyzed at a molar level using matching equations and molecular level using reinforcement learning (RL) models to determine how probability, reward magnitude, and reward-associated cues affected choice. Experiment 2 used an allomorphic drug versus food procedure where the food reward for one option was replaced by a self-administered remifentanil (REMI) infusion at doses of 1, 3 and 10 μg/kg. Finally, Experiment 3 assessed the potential for both REMI and food reward value to be commonly scaled within the brain by examining changes in nucleus accumbens (NAc) Oxygen (O2) dynamics. Results showed that increasing reward probability, magnitude, and the presence of reward-associated cues all independently increased the propensity of choosing the associated choice alternative, including REMI drug choices. Additionally, both molar matching and molecular RL models successfully parameterized rats’ decision dynamics. O2 dynamics were generally commensurate with the idea of a common value signal for REMI and food with changes in O2 signaling scaling with the reward magnitude of REMI rewards. Finally, RL model-derived reward prediction errors significantly correlated with peak O2 activity for reward delivery, suggesting a possible neurological mechanism of value updating. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for current conceptualizations of substance use disorders including a potential need to change the discourse surrounding how substance use disorders are modeled experimentally. Overall, the present research provides evidence that a choice model of substance use disorders may be a viable alternative to the disease model and could facilitate future treatment options centered around economic principles.
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Wild, Henry Victor. "EVA and MVA : a model to predict share performance". Thesis, Henley Business School, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326888.
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Moghadam, Saman Saeed. "Value Chain Reconfiguration". Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Ingenjörshögskolan, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-19042.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Integration of operation management goals with the mission of organization requiresadoption of measures capable of pulsing mission accomplishment situation whileoperations are going on. Supply chain, as an increasingly used concept in operationsmanagement, could be supported by the concepts of customer satisfaction and profitmargin to get integrated with main goals of any for-profit organization. Value chain viewprovides such insight and lets the mission of the organization remain in focus while lowerleveldecisions and functional processes are dealt with.Every activity in a value chain could be cost driver and / or value driver. Configuration ofthese cost and value drivers refers to their locational and relational position. Afteragreement on what are going to be core values for the organization, relative positions ofvalue chain activities should be consciously reviewed periodically to identify opportunitiesfor contributing to core values of organization through repositioning or redesigning andstrengthening value activities. The term value chain reconfiguration implies to suchstrategic revision decisions.Opportunities – and threats – for improving performance of the organization not only liewithin internal chain of value activities of the organization, but also could be found out ofthe organization boundaries and among its extended value chain. Acquiring of externalgains needs sound analysis and cost and benefit evaluations for making decision regardingthe way of reacting to the identified opportunities. Virtual value chain orchestration asproposed by its introducer provides a framework for identifying and capturing suchopportunities.Gauging the results of reconfiguration of the value chain, calls for implementingmeaningful criterion so that it reflects captured value in accordance with the destined goal.Taking profit margin of the value chain as master value for organization, the thesis workproposes usage of a less-known profitability indicator, economic value added (EVA) as themeasure which should be focused on in order to evaluate success or failure of firm-levelvalue chain reconfiguration efforts.Uppsatsnivå: D
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Bouwkamp, Jennifer Clark. "The work values and job satisfaction of family physicians". [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3330807.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Counseling and Educational Psychology, 2008.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Jul 21, 2009). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-10, Section: A, page: 3865. Adviser: Susan C. Whiston.
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Jager, Nicolaas Guiseppe de. "Reportable creation value, performance and risk measurement in financial reporting /". Rotterdam : Rotterdam : Erasmus Univeristeit ; Erasmus University [Host], 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1765/8031.
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Burniston, Maria Teresa. "Accuracy and value of measurement of GFR in oncology patients". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.521445.
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Hebel, Maria. "Exploring the impact of human value systems on performance measurement". Thesis, City, University of London, 1998. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/20125/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis explores how performance measurement in organisations is effected by the human value systems of those concerned with measurement. Its origins lie in the observation that despite many efforts to devise useful measures of performance, problems continued to exist. It was subsequently hypothesised that problems are generic rather than job specific. This led to research in four very different organisations and the consequent exploration of human values theory in a systemic context. For the purpose of this thesis performance measurement is taken to be any form of assessment of organisation or individual accomplishment. Such measures may stand alone, be combined with others or checked against a pre-set standard When combined they are often referred to as performance indicators or league tables. Values are beliefs about what seems right and important; they are not necessarily virtues. People, families, societal and work organisations all possess value systems. Values are inculcated early in the life of both humans and organisations and are reinforced over time and experience. Both individuals and groups typically hold more than one value, usually they have combinations that form value systems. Human values theory is linked to systems science by investigating the behaviour of groups of values. It is argued that value systems have the emergent properties of attitudes and behaviours. These are essentially a response to other values and value systems. This emergence is likely to be unpredictable when faced with unfamiliar, cogent or inflexible norms. Consequently it is not only important to be clear about the value systems embodied in performance measurement but also those rated highly by those being measured This thesis concludes that performance measurement needs to be more closely matched to the values of the people being measured if it is to be successful. It is argued that singling out individual values is not the most useful way of applying values theory as changes occur swiftly and subconsciously in human activity systems. Instead it is proposed that statements representing world-views give a better picture of the environment into which performance measurement might be introduced. A selection of such value statements are suggested here but it is stressed that these need to be adapted to the organisation concerned in order to be most useful. These can be used to assess priorities but should at all times be considered in combination with other values so that emergence is not ignored.
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Vlčková, Veronika. "Implementace IFRS 13 Fair Value Measurement ve vybrané účetní jednotce". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-383538.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Bachelor´s thesis deals with the developments of fair value measurements rules and presentation of major changes in this field. The main objective is the international accounting standard IFRS 13 – Fair Value Measurement and its application in specific company. The analysis of long-term tangible assets is the cork of the work. A point is to show the revaluation impacts, eventually a reduction in the value of that asset in the financial statements. Subsequently, there are displayed risks to users of financial statements resulting from accounting information.
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Micheli, Aubrey. "Value-Added and Curriculum-based Measurement to Evaluate Student Growth". Miami University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1273887704.
Testo completo
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Guenet, Frederique S. A. "Quantification of valvular regurgitation by proximal isovelocity surface area and magnetic resonance imaging". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11207.
Testo completo
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Goudy, Sean T. "Optimization of total cavopulmonary connection using geometry as the major". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11105.
Testo completo
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Cosio, Sergio Javier 1958. "Infiltration into stratified alluvium : a comparison between simulated values and field measurements". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/191968.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The computer model UNSAT2 for unsaturated water flow is used to complement a field study conducted at the University of Arizona Water Resources Research Center Field Laboratory during influent seepage along the Santa Cruz River during the runoff events on the Winter of 1967-1968. Field measurements accomplished by a neutron moisture logger showed that the hydrogeologic characteristics governing the movement and storage of subsurface flow are somewhat uniform throughout the area. The mathematical model provides a two-dimensional transient saturated-unsaturated analysis of the subsurface flow at the field site. The results attained using a conceptualized flow region proved to be an acceptable aid to a unified interpretation of the field measurements. Because boundary conditions are time and space dependent, the sensitivity to boundary conditions prevented the successful model calibration, although not its applicability. This, together with more serious limitations on data availability and computer capacity, precluded the imminent use of the computer model UNSAT2 for this individual research site.
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Uher, Miroslav. "Využití přesného kapacitního mostu pro měření indukčnosti". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-217722.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This master’s thesis is dealing with possibilities of measurement of inductance by using of accurate capacitance bridge AH 2500E. In metrology there are no appropriate devices available for accurate measurement of inductance. It can be realized by four methods. The newest one is based on T elements, it is not used for this purpose yet and it is practically investigated in CMI Brno. For its introduction to practice it is neccessary to complete computer simulations and analysis of influences affecting measurement. It is also inevitable to examine repeatability of measurement, define methodology of measurement and potential corrections of measured values.
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Hayoun, Shaul. "Towards accounting semiology : an interdisciplinary re-conceptualisation of IFRS asset recognition and measurement". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29576.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In the spirit of interdisciplinary critical accounting studies and in light of the IASB’s on-going Conceptual Framework project, this thesis problematises and proposes a re-conceptualisation of two fundamental financial accounting practices: recognition and measurement of assets. In order to do so, the thesis steps outside financial accounting’s conventional disciplinary resources of economics and finance. It proposes to mobilise Ferdinand de Saussure’s semiology, which, defined as a theory of social sign systems, provides a meaningful delineation of financial accounting as a purposeful sign technology. With such a lens and with a research approach of going beyond IASB’s proclaimed concepts and narrative to its nuanced prescriptions, the thesis challenges taken-for-granted assumptions with regard to the market-based nature of Fair Value measurement and the characterisation of judgement involved in recognition. With respect to value measurement, the thesis harness semiology to fracture the dichotomy between the market and the entity perspectives, which is generally assumed in extant accounting research and policy-making. It is shown how the IASB’s Fair Value measurement prescriptions demonstrate semiology's two-dimensional 'value constellation', where the asset’s value is not merely relational (and not intrinsic) but, importantly, relational in two distinct dimensions. It is a product, first, of differentiation from other values in the market and, second, of interrelation with other values in the specific entity. With a semiological theorisation of the financial statement, market-based and entity-specific perspectives serve as complementary inputs rather than contradictory outputs. With respect to recognition, the thesis proposes to shift the locus of judgment from questions of recognition thresholds (probability and reliability) to the under-investigated issue of the asset’s separability from the firm’s general cash flow. It is shown how the IASB’s procedures manifest the semiological principle of ‘reciprocal articulation’: accounting entities (e.g., ‘assets’) are not passive representations of pre-existing economic resources, but rather a product of delimiting – carving out – the asset/resource from the broader category (or the entire firm). With such theorisation, the crux of recognition is separability, which is never natural or technical, but rather anchorless and reciprocal. The thesis thereby sheds light on the plasticity of recognition for both tangible and intangible assets. With its theory-informed analysis the thesis offers a set of conceptual instruments – value constellation and reciprocal articulation – as the logic of the balance sheet as a sign technology: its semio-logic. With Saussure’s ground-breaking linguistic semiology, it offers a parallel financial-numeric semiology: an Accounting Semiology.
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Carretero, Benignos Jorge Alejandro 1972. "Measurement and modeling of the flow characteristics of micro disc valves". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/81555.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2001.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 78-81).
by Jorge Alejandro Carretero Benignos.
S.M.
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Otterskog, Emil, e Ted Wanning. "Auditing Complex Fair Value Measurements : The Battle of Interpretations". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-185921.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Fair Value Accounting is becoming increasingly more prominent, and auditing such measurements is at times difficult as a great deal of estimates and judgments are involved. This makes auditors jobs more challenging. Research has found that there is a need for understanding how auditing standards affect the audit process. Furthermore, some studies have shown that there is a gap between auditors and inspectors view of what constitutes sufficient and appropriate audit evidence regarding fair value measurements, the “FVM gap”. The aim of this study is to provide new insight on how auditing standards and inspectors affect the judgment of auditors in regards to fair value measurements. This study contributes to audit standard setters by illuminating how current auditing standards affect auditor judgment when auditing fair value measurements. It also contributes knowledge on how inspections affect judgment in the auditing process. Finally, it provides insight to practitioners on how box-checking and similar tools affect auditor judgment. We performed semi-structured interviews with respondents who have considerable experience of fair value measurements. The empirical data was thematically analysed and related to theories on judgment and decision-making as well as structure versus judgment research. A number of interesting findings were made; auditing standards seem to be well adjusted to auditors’ needs, documentation is one of the major issues when dealing with fair value measurements and the toughness of inspections between countries seem to differ. Some potential topics for future research were identified: whether or not a gap of interpretations exists between auditors and the lawyers of inspecting entities, and what effects such a gap could have; if the documentation of both audit clients and auditors needs to be improved upon. More potential areas for future research can be found in the Conclusion.