Tesi sul tema "Mécaniques des fluides expérimentales"
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Faure, Thierry. "Méthodes expérimentales instationnaires et leurs applications en mécanique des fluides". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00911074.
Testo completoMagaud, Fabien. "Contributions expérimentales à l'étude d'écoulements à bulles de type contacteurs gaz-liquide". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPL109N.
Testo completoAugier, Benoit. "Etudes expérimentales de l'interaction fluide structure sur surface souple: application aux voiles de bateaux". Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00730669.
Testo completoLachaussée, Florent. "Érosion et transport de particules au voisinage d'un obstacle". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS377/document.
Testo completoErosion occurs when a fluid flowing over a granular bed exerts a large enough shear stress. When the fluid encounters an obstacle, the modification of the flow leads to a local over speed, and thus on an increase of the shear stress in the vicinity of the obstacle. As a result, the erosion is locally enhanced and is called scouring. In this work, we investigate this complicated situation experimentally at the laboratory scale. In particular, we address the question of the scouring threshold, i.e., the minimum critical approach velocity of the fluid leading to erosion in the vicinity of the obstacle. We report the existence of two different scouring patterns: the traditional horseshoe scour at the base of the obstacle, which dominates at large flow velocities, and we also highlight another scouring pattern downstream, which is called rabbit ear scour, at moderate speeds. We determine the onset of both erosion patterns visually using different grains and obstacles. Besides, we measure the bed topography over time using a laser profilometer. By monitoring the bed topography during the scouring process, we characterize the morphology of both scouring patterns and rationalize their competitive dynamics by measuring their formation timescale. In most cases, the rabbit ear scour development is inhibited by the faster horseshoe scour growth. The characterization of the flow using Particles Image Velocimetry (PIV), provides information on the shear stress exerted by the fluid flow on the grains, with and without obstacle. We can thus rationalize the threshold values for both scouring patterns, associated with different flow structures
Charles, Sylvain. "Mise en place d’un dispositif expérimental de caractérisation du comportement des lames fluides, identification des coefficients dynamiques". Poitiers, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004POIT2342.
Testo completoIn many industrials applications, mechanisms such as turbines or pumps function under sever operating conditions: high speed of rotation, high pressures and high Reynolds number. The dynamic behavior of the shaft strongly depends on shaft surroundings elements like journal bearing or annular seals. Many studies use numerical simulations to recreate real operating conditions, but it is necessary to compare theses results with those coming from an experimental test facility. That is why the LMS and its industrial partnerrs (ALSTOM, EDF, CNES, SNECMA) decided ten years ago to design a specific test apparatus for studying annular seals. The functioning of the machine is completely described in this document. In parallel with the project, the behavior law of a thin-walled orifice is studied; the both numerical and numerical studies give the same result for the discharge coefficient. It does not, in this case, correspond to the value from literature. Finally, the last part of the research deals with the development of a specific method to identify the dynamic force coefficients characterizing the behavior of a seal. Many methods use Fourier transformations to work in frequency domain, whereas this methods stay in time domain. Numerical simulations were carried out, but even if the noise is high, results are good. The algorithm is robust, and the main parameters are identified
Fagla, Fanou Zinsou Benoît. "Études thermomécaniques expérimentales de suspensions " solide-liquide " newtoniennes et non newtoniennes en écoulement dans une conduite horizontale". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2002. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_2002_FAGLA_B_F_Z.pdf.
Testo completoDaguenet-Frick, Xavier. "Etudes numériques et expérimentales des écoulements turbulents dans les échangeurs à chauffage asymétrique : application aux récepteurs solaires à haute température". Perpignan, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PERP1071.
Testo completoThis PhD work concerns various means of approaching the flow inside a module of absorber, basic element of a solar receiver, in order to improve his characteristics. Indeed, the development of pressurized receivers dedicated to very high temperature gas cycles would allow the construction of economic thermodynamic solar power plants, with a high efficiency and weak water requirements. A first approach, founded on the use of simulation tools (correlations and three-dimensional simulations) made it possible to define a reference module of absorber, with a basic but functional internal geometry. Then, this module was tested in real conditions. In a second time, investigations were carried out on an optimized internal geometry, based on the development and the use of a textured surface made up of riblets and actuators. A preliminary study of this association in a boundary layer wind tunnel founded on the use of optical metrology lets predict an interesting ratio between the heat transfer coefficient and the pressure losses for the real module of absorber. In order to supplement this preliminary work and to confirm this diagnose, a plate channel wind tunnel, whose geometry is close to that of a real absorber and that allows the measurement of pressure losses, was conceived. The instrumentation (S-PIV diagnoses) of the measuring cell of this wind tunnel made it possible to conclude the characterization of the studied flow
Turuban, Régis. "Études numérique et expérimentales du mélange en milieux poreux 2D et 3D". Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1S051/document.
Testo completoSolute mixing in porous media flows plays a central role in driving chemical reactions in a number of subsurface applications, including contaminant transport and remediation, subsurface energy storage and extraction, and CO2 sequestration. We study the mechanisms of solute mixing, in particular how the pore scale flow topology is related to the mixing dynamics of conservative solutes, with a particular emphasis on the possible emergence of chaotic mixing processes in three-dimensional (3D) porous media. To do so, we perform numerical computations or experimental measurements of the flow velocities and temporal evolution of the concentration fields, and characterize fluid deformation and mixing at the pore scale. This PhD work consists of three main studies. In the first study, we experimentally characterize mixing in a fluid flowing through a two-dimensional (2D) porous medium built by lithography. We measure the velocity distributions from Particle Tracking Velocimetry (PTV). The time evolution of the separation distance between two particles is analyzed to characterize the Lagrangian deformation dynamics. In parallel we perform conservative transport experiments with the same porous media, and quantify the temporal evolution of the mean concentration gradient, which is a measure of the mixing rate. From these experimental results we obtain the first experimental pore scale validation of the lamella mixing theory, which relates the fluid deformation properties to the mixing dynamics. In the second study, we investigate the conditions of emergence of chaotic mixing in the flow through 3D ordered granular porous media. In these periodic cubic crystalline packings (Simple Cubic - SC - and Body-Centered Cubic - BCC) of spheres, we are able to perform highly resolved computations of the 3D Stokes flow. Using custom-developed numerical tools to measure the Lagrangian deformation from the computed velocity fields, we uncover the existence of a rich array of Lagrangian deformation dynamics in these 3D media, depending on the flow orientation. When the flow direction is not normal to one of the reflection symmetry planes of the crystalline lattice, we find that the Lagrangian deformation dynamics follow an exponential law, which indicates chaotic advection. This chaotic behavior is controlled by a mechanism akin to the baker's transformation: fluid particles traveling around a solid grain along different paths end up either separated by, or on the same side of, a virtual surface projecting from the grain surface and called a manifold. Multiple such manifolds exist within the flow, and the way they intersect controls the nature of mixing (that is, either non-chaotic or chaotic), and the strength of chaos. We show in particular that the magnitude of the Lyapunov exponent (a measure of the vigor of chaos) is controlled by the spatial frequency of transverse connections between the manifolds (called heteroclinic intersections). We thus demonstrate that the conventional 2D picture of the mechanisms of mixing may not be adapted for natural porous media because that picture imposes topological constraints which cannot account for these important 3D mechanisms. The third study has two objectives: (i) provide experimental evidence of the chaotic nature of pore scale advection/mixing, both by visualizing the manifolds and by obtaining a quantitative estimate of the Lyapunov exponent; and (ii) assess if the results obtained numerically in ordered packings of spheres extend to random packings, which are closer to natural porous media. The experiment features a random packing of glass beads rendered transparent by optical index-matching between the fluid and solid grains. We use Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) to detect the manifolds, and PTV techniques to measure flow velocities and subsequently quantify Lyapunov exponent. The first experimental results are promising
Barre, Cyril. "Jet en écoulement transversal : observations expérimentales et numériques". Nancy 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN10277.
Testo completoEstève, Bonnet Marie-Josèphe. "Étude et analyse expérimentales des divers régimes d'écoulement en cavités rectangulaires". Toulouse, ENSAE, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ESAE0003.
Testo completoAndriamihafy, Hérison. "Débitmétrie par diaphragme en écoulement pulsatoire : sources d'erreurs et corrections possibles, approche expérimentale et modélisation". Toulouse, ENSAE, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ESAE0014.
Testo completoMrach, Tarek. "Investigations expérimentales de la dynamique tourbillonnaire générée et du champ acoustique rayonné par un jet plan impactant une plaque fendue chauffée". Thesis, La Rochelle, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LAROS018.
Testo completoThe work carried out within the framework of this thesis concerns the interactions which exist between the vortex dynamics, generated by an isothermal jet impinging on a heated slotted plate, and the acoustic fields radiated by this flow. In fact, impinging jets on slotted plates or meshes are found the terminal parts of ventilation and air treatment systems found in the residential enclosures. They are incorporated to improve mixing and avoid the feeling of air discomfort. But in certain blowing and confinement configurations, these impinging jets become sources of noise pollution, with the installation of self-sustaining sound loops that they generate. These self-sustaining sounds occur when the flow interacts with an obstacle with slots placed in its path. Thus, an acoustic wave is generated in the area where the vortex structures of the jet hit the slotted plate, propagate upstream and produce a modulation of the shear layer near the exit of the jet and an amplification of the instabilities. This feedback loop optimizes the energy transfer from the aerodynamic field to the acoustic field and creates an aero acoustic noise source that can cause high sound levels. To carry out this study, we relied on an experimental device capable of simulating the different flow configurations to be analyzed. We also used a specific metrology capable of controlling and synchronizing the heating of the plate, the acoustic measurements, and the particle image acquisitions, to access the instantaneous kinematic fields by a full-field velocimetry technique resolved in time and in space. Thus, maps of the most energetic sound levels and frequencies as a function of impact ratio and Reynolds number were established. Analysis of these curves reveals configurations where the noise generated has a spectrum of lines, of high intensities, testifying the existence of an organized flow. For these configurations, an examination of the influence of the temperature of the plate, struck by the jet, on the kinematic, dynamic and acoustic quantities of the flow was carried out. And marked trends were noted
Zhou, Chengsi. "Numerical simulation and experimental investigations of two-phase flow in singularities". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEI065.
Testo completoNumerical simulations and experimental investigations of rising individual Taylor bubble through a vertical sudden expansion and contraction in stagnant Newtonian liquid is presented. The CFD procedure is based on the open source package Gerris which adopts the volume-of-fluid (VOF) method to represent the gas/liquid interface. The numerical method is verified using the existing results of single Taylor bubbles rising in straight columns. The experiments investigate a nitrogen bubble rising in a water-glycerol mixture for different concentrations. The pipe diameter ratio ranges from 0.69 to 1.72. The images of the bubble rising through the singularities are captured by a high-speed camera. Our investigations focus on the transient process of the bubbles passing the singularity. The variations of the bubble velocity and the liquid film thickness are investigated. The results show that the greater expansion ratios yield more perturbations on the bubbles and have strong effects on the tail of the bubble. The unstable bubble tails are cut off into smaller bubbles in some of the test cases and a bubble break-up regime map obtained by simulations has been proposed. The bubble shape variations depend also on the length of the bubbles. For a bubble passing through a contraction, the blocking phenomenon has been observed and a map has been proposed. Finally, this study, based on a large range of Eötvös numbers and expansion/contraction ratios, provides new insights to better understand the effect of singularities on rising Taylor bubbles
Trieu, Hung Truong. "Études théorique et expérimentale du transport de fluides miscibles en cellule Hele-Shaw". Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPL027N/document.
Testo completoThis thesis is an experimental and numerical investigation of solute transport and sedimentation in a Hele-Shaw cell with zonal flow. A vertical cell joining two large tanks has been built to provide a uniform horizontal flow, the velocity of which has been measured by using PIV. The concentration field of a solute injected in this flow has been measured by using LIF. Three typical plume configurations have been observed: without digitations (“stable”), with a single digitation (“weakly unstable”), and with various digitations appearing at the lower interface (“unstable plume”). The influence of density contrast, zonal flow and solute flow rate on the appearance of the various configurations has been investigated. These results have been compared to numerical simulations using the COMSOL Multiphysics® software. The numerical concentration fields are in qualitative agreement with the experimental ones. In addition, these simulations allowed us to investigate the effect of the anisotropy of the dispersion tensor on the occurrence of unstable configurations. A linear stability analysis based on a uniform parallel flow superposed to a quasi-steady horizontal layer of solute has been performed. It shows that the plume is convectively unstable for the parameters considered here, and confirms the various behaviors observed in both the experimental and the numerical analyses, like the stabilizing effect of the longitudinal dispersivity or the destabilizing effect of the solute concentration
Baur, Loïc. "Contributions expérimentales sur les écoulements à bulles en rotation". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPL131N.
Testo completoGai, Jing-Gang. "Etudes théoriques et expérimentales de la processabilité du polyéthylène à ultra-haute masse molaire". Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPL039N/document.
Testo completoThe development of new materials with improved properties seems to rely nowadays more on blending and compounding than on the synthesis of chemically new polymers. Mixing may have a great effect on the morphology and structure of multi-component polymer materials. Twin-screw extruders (TSE) are widely used as mixers/reactors for blending, compounding, and reactive processing. This work aimed at developing a new instrument to measure in real time the residence time distribution (RTD) which characterizes the axial mixing and transport abilities of different screw elements based on the analysis of the transient flow pattern and systematic evaluation of mixing theory in TSE. Distributive mixing of polymer melts is characterized by the generation of interfacial area, which is experimentally much more difficult to measure. This 3D numerical simulation based on CFD is adopted
Ravelet, Florent. "Etude expérimentale d'écoulements internes turbulents monophasiques et multiphasiques". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00915643.
Testo completoMainhagu, Jon. "Transport de fluides miscibles à propriétés physiques variables en cellule Hele-Shaw.Comparaisons entre simulations numériques et mesures par LIF". Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPL032N/document.
Testo completoThe study described in this thesis is about punctual injection of a saline solution inside a "Hele-Shaw cell" in order to characterize the dispersive behavior of a pollutant in porous media. The chosen experimental approach is based on the setup of an original Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) in the Hele-Shaw cell. The setting of the experimental apparatus allows quantitative data reduction of the experimental results. Moreover the "Moments Method" studied precisely the solution mixing dispersive behavior. Using the numerical code FRIPE the same injections have been simulated. The same quantitative data reductions have been applied to the numerical results. This led to an extensive comparison of the numerical and the experimental results, qualitatively but also of the dispersion in the mixing area of the injected solution
Bougouin, Alexis. "Etude expérimentale de l'effondrement d'une colonne fluide-grains". Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017INPT0113/document.
Testo completoOn the Earth's surface, granular medias are ubiquitous and they are rarely dissociated from a liquid or a gas. The fluid-solid interaction leads to a complex flow dynamics of these coupled systems. This experimental work aims at characterizing the dynamics of the unsteady gravitydrivencollapse of a granular-fluid column within different configurations of the diphasic mixture. First, the flow dynamics of a neutrally buoyant suspension in air are characterized based on a macroscopic description of the flow. In particular, the rheological parameters of the apparent fluid have been extracted using the temporal evolution of the propagating front and self-similar solutions, models of the propagating dynamics at long times. In the considered range of the Reynolds number, the flow dynamics are described as an apparent Newtonian or non-Newtonian (shear-thinning/-thickening, viscoplastic) fluid depending on the various parameters (volume fraction, viscosity of the interstitial fluid, particle diameter, mixing protocol). In order to describe the opposite case of a sedimentary environment where particle-particle interaction becomes dominant, a second part of this work investigates the case of a fluid-saturated granular collapse, i.e. for which particles are heavier than the carrier fluid, in a dense packing configuration. For this purpose, a first part of the study is dedicated to characterize the collapse of an immersed granular column. The dissipative role of the fluid on the granular media is highlighted by an analysis of the collapse dynamics and the characteristics of the final deposit. This characterization allows to classify the regimes of the collapse depending on the viscosity and the density of the surrounding fluid, i.e. the Stokes number and the fluid-grain density ratio. In the triphasic case, i.e. when the granular-fluid column collapses in air, the dynamics may be strongly affected by capillary effects through the Bond number which controls the initial dynamics of the column. When these effects can be neglected (large Bond number) at the column and grain scales, the interstitial fluid can have a driven or a dissipative role on the granular media leading to a runout length more or less extended in comparison to the dry case. The role of the interstitial fluid depends mainly on its viscosity which also modifies the collapse dynamics. Finally, a preliminary study is realized on the flow dynamics of an initially homogeneous negative buoyant suspension column. This case, which makes the transition between the above mentioned configurations, allows to study the coupling between the settling dynamics of particles and this of the current. In particular, we observe that the settling velocity decreases with the increase of the initial volume fraction of particles
Ferchichi, Yassine. "Etude expérimentale du mouvement d'une particule sphérique à l'approche d'une interface liquide/fluide". Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01001954.
Testo completoMycek, Paul. "Étude numérique et expérimentale du comportement d'hydroliennes". Phd thesis, Université du Havre, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00925229.
Testo completoCarrat, Jean-Bastien. "Quantification expérimentale et numérique de l'agressivité de cavitation". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAI044/document.
Testo completoCavitation is a major issue in hydraulic machinery, due to its negative consequences: performance drop, vibrations increase and damage.This PhD is dedicated to cavitation erosion and aims to propose tools in order to quantify the erosive potential of a cavitating flow.Experiments were carried out on a symmetrical hydrofoil based on a NACA0015 with a flat area between 27% and 70% of the chord length for an easy instrumentation with pressure sensors.The study is focused on partial cavitation that detaches from the leading edge of the hydrofoil and periodically sheds vapor clouds.All experiments are conducted in the LEGI cavitation tunnel, partly renovated for the new purposes of this PhD.Meanwhile, numerical calculations are performed with the in-house 2D cavitating unsteady code IZ developed at LEGI.Flow analyses are based on high-speed videos and numerical simulations.These analyses give the cavity dynamics, the maximum cavity length and the shedding frequency.The influence of the hydrodynamic parameters (flow velocity, hydrofoil angle of attack, cavitation number) on the cavity behavior is studied.Strong 3D effects observed experimentally make it difficult to predict the cavity dynamics with the two-dimensional code. Nevertheless the maximum cavity length and the shedding frequency are well predicted numerically.A matrix of eight sensors, with an active area of 2x2~mm$^2$, was made and flush mounted on the hydrofoil between 30% and 67% of the chord length.These sensors allow measuring pressure peaks due to the collapse of vapor structures on the hydrofoil surface. Acquisitions are made simultaneously on the eight sensors at a sampling rate of 10 MHz.The flow aggressiveness is estimated experimentally from the peak frequency distribution as a function of the peak amplitude.Numerically an aggressiveness parameter is defined from a model developed previously at LEGI. This parameter allows estimating an instantaneous and mean aggressiveness at the surface of the hydrofoil.The origins of the most aggressive areas are identified from local studies.Comparison between experimental and numerical results shows that the numerical approach overestimates the aggressiveness close to the hydrofoil leading edge.Globally, the experimental and numerical results are in pretty good agreement for low incidence.The most aggressive area is localized at the cavity closure and the flow velocity has a huge influence on the aggressiveness level
Cattieuw, Philippe. "Etude expérimentale des écoulements gaz-particules dans un lit fluidisé circulant". Aix-Marseille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX11037.
Testo completoCassar, Cyril. "Etude expérimentale des écoulements granulaires immergés". Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00012103.
Testo completolaboratoire des avalanches sous-marines. L'étude expérimentale porte sur un
écoulement granulaire stationnaire et uniforme, complètement immergé dans
de l'eau. Les mesures de vitesse et d'épaisseur montrent que la définition
d'un nombre sans dimension dépendant d'un rapport de deux temps caractéristiques permet de comprendre quantitativement de tels écoulements.
L'adaptation de ce nombre sans dimension à un écoulement sec ou immergé
permet de définir de manière universelle une rhéologie de friction. Intégrée
aux équations moyennées dans l'épaisseur, cette rhéologie permet de définir
un critère de stabilité entre les écoulements stationnaires et des écoulements
instables, en accord qualitatif avec les observations expérimentales. Pour
mieux comprendre le rôle du fluide interstitiel, nous avons étudié numériquement
la trajectoire d'un bloc poreux en écoulement le long d'une pente rugueuse.
Outre la dissipation visqueuse, la présence du fluide peut apporter une lubrification modifiant les trajectoires du bloc poreux, et les angles
d'écoulements stationnaires. La dernière partie du manuscrit présente des
perspectives sur les écoulements immergés instationnaires ainsi qu'un ensemble
de conclusions.
Gallitelli, Donato. "Traitements de surface mécaniques : modélisation et caractérisations expérimentales". Thesis, Troyes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TROY0013.
Testo completoMechanical surface treatments are widely used in manufacturing industries in order to improve mechanical properties of materials. Among them, shot peening is certainly the most known, even if ultrasonic shot peening and laser shock peening are becoming more and more common. This work consists in a large study of shot peening, divided in three parts.The first one is focused on the conception of a semi analytical model for residual stress prediction after conventional shot peening or ultrasonic shot peening. An approach able to chain the whole shot peening process, starting from process parameters to residual stress field in a structure is proposed. Several numerical simulations of shot-body impacts are carried out in order to determine the parameters of the model.In the second part of this work, a characterization of the ultrasonic shot peening process is performed thanks to many experimental measurements and shot dynamic simulations.The last part of this PhD work corresponds to an experimental analysis focused on the combination of ultrasonic shot peeing with gas nitriding on a martensitic steel. A comparison between ultrasonic shot peening, conventional shot peeing and laser shock peening effects is finally proposed
Ndongo, Fokoua Georges. "Étude expérimentale de la réduction de traînée par injection de bulles". Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00931382.
Testo completoHabchi, Charbel. "Étude expérimentale et numérique des phénomènes de mélange turbulent et de transfert thermique en présence de vorticité". Nantes, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NANT2032.
Testo completoThe aim of the present doctoral thesis is the study of turbulent mixing and heat transfer in multifunctional heat exchangers/reactors (MHER) of vortex generator type. The geometry of the MHER strongly influences its energeticefficiency by controlling the flow structure. Thus, understanding of the mechanisms of turbulent mixing and convective heat transfer is a key issue for improving the energetic efficiency of these devices. This work is composed of two main parts: First, we investigate the chemical probe methods, based on a system of parallel-competitive chemical reactions, which are then used to characterize the micromixing in continuous flows. Here, we propose an adaptive experimental procedure to adapt the kinetics of the chemical reactions to the local turbulence. In addition, based on physical modeling of the interaction between the different turbulent mixing scales, we define a domain of validity for this method depending on the hydrodynamic conditions at the probe measurement point. The second part is devoted to the study of the turbulent mixing and heat transfer phenomena in three different turbulent flows in the presence of artificially generated vorticity in a straight circular tube. The tools used in this investigation are the laser Doppler anemometry (LDA) and CFD simulation. Several physical approaches are used to characterize the different mechanisms of turbulent mixing and heat transfer aimed at determining the best configuration of vorticity generation
Goharzadeh, Afshin. "Étude expérimentale des écoulements spiralés dans le système de Couette-Taylor". Le Havre, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LEHA0005.
Testo completoSartor, F. "Instationnarités dans les interactions choc/couche-limite en régime transsonique : étude expérimentale et analyse de stabilité". Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille Université, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01018720.
Testo completoLalonde, Pierre. "Etude expérimentale d'écoulements gazeux dans les microsystèmes à fluides". Toulouse, INSA, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ISAT0036.
Testo completoThis work deals with the realisation of an experimental set-up specific to the measurement of very small gaseous flows, and an experimental analysis of gaseous flows in microducts. When the gas becomes rarefied, flowrates are underestimated by the classical theory using the Navier-stokes equations with no-slip velocity boundary conditions at the walls. Our aim is to compare experimental results relative to flows through microducts of circular and rectangular cross sections with theoretical results from slip-flow models. The study is introduced by a bibliographic analysis where some fluidic microsystems are presented, as well as different slip-flow models in terms of boundary conditions adopted by different authors, and a non exhaustive review of very small gaseous flowrate measurement techniques. The experimental set-up is then described. It can measure flowrates from 10-7 m3s-1 to 5. 10-13 m3s-1, with upstream and downstream pressures from 2. 104 Pa to 4. 105 Pa, and temperatures between 10 ʿC and 40 ʿC. The microducts have been tested with air, nitrogen or helium flows. The experimental results are compared with no-slip models and slip-flow models containing slip velocity boundary conditions developed to the first order (Maxwell development) and to the second order (Deissler development). The first order accurately predicts the measured flowrates only for outlet Knudsen numbers smaller than 0. 05. The second order model accurately predicts the measured flowrates for outlet Knudsen numbers smaller than 0. 2. The tests realised during this thesis allow a database of experimental results to be started. These show that several questions remain unanswered, the solution to which may be obtained by carrying out complementary tests to show the influence of the nature of the gas, the temperature, the conditions of the material surface or even the aspect ratio of the channels
Jarre, Sandrine. "Etude expérimentale des instabilités sur disque tournant". Aix-Marseille 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX22066.
Testo completoRivoalen, Elie. "Étude numérique et expérimentale de tourbillons de sillage proches d'une surface libre". Le Havre, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LEHA0007.
Testo completoLanglet, André. "Écoulement stationnaire en conduite collabable : étude théorique et expérimentale d'un limiteur de débit". Paris 12, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA120044.
Testo completoRobbe-Saule, Manon. "Modélisation expérimentale de génération de tsunami par effondrement granulaire". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS497/document.
Testo completoVarious past geological events have shown that landslides near coastlines, involving volumes from a few thousand cubic meters to several cubic kilometers, can lead to tsunami waves with significant amplitude. The generated wave and the collapse both represent an important hazard for the population and infrastructure located on or near the coast. Realistic modeling requires considering the granular nature of landslides. Here, we developed a new set of small-scale laboratory experiments to investigate in detail the wave generated by the collapse of an aerial granular column into water. An entire set of parameters are tested: (1) the falling granular mass (height, volume, aspect ratio, grain size and density), (2) the water layer height and (3) the geometrical configuration (horizontal or inclined plane). From quasi-bidimensional experiments in a rectangular channel we record both the time evolution of the granular collapse and of the generated wave. We show that the wave generation process is driven by the collective dynamics of the granular collapse at the water free surface. We identify a clear linear dependence between the relative wave amplitude and a Froude number defined as the ratio of the granular front velocity and the solitary wave velocity. The wave amplitude reaches its maximum value at an intermediate water depth. The total energy transfer shows that only a few percent of the initial potential energy of the column is transferred to the wave, suggesting a considerable energy loss in the granular collapse itself. Finally, we highlight the low influence diameter and density of the falling grain in the generation of the wave. This suggests that the mass of the collapse is of low importance compared to its volume. Another interesting result is the linear dependence of the relative wave amplitude with the relative immersed volume of the final deposit. This allows us to estimate the wave amplitude generated by past or potential events in Nature. Despite the various scales and geometries of these natural events, and the uncertainty of the data, our empirical law, from our small-scale experiment, predicts waves similar to other numerical or experimental models
Le, Huu Nho Emmanuel. "Etude expérimentale de l'écoulement autour d'une marche descendante en dérapage". Aix-Marseille 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX22072.
Testo completoHaji, Sotoudeh Mohammad. "Étude expérimentale et modélisation du couplage hydromécanique de joints rocheux". Lille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LIL10198.
Testo completoMusielak, Marion. "Etude numérique et expérimentale des transferts de Composés Organiques Volatils du sol à l'air ambiant, en passant au travers du béton". Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00753550.
Testo completoHabli, Sabra. "Etude numérique et expérimentale de jets libre ou impactant une plaque plane chauffée". Aix-Marseille 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX22086.
Testo completoNobili, Clément. "Etude expérimentale de l'instabilité de précession dans un sphéroïde". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0273.
Testo completoThe nature of the flow in the liquid core of the Earth and other telluric planets is a matter of interest for geophysicists since centuries. It plays an important role in the exchanges between the core and the mantle and is also the source of the magnetic field. The precession of the Earth, studied since Hipparque around the 2nd century B.C. is able to drive complex flows in the outer core. Experimental measurements are conducted in the model case of a precessing spheroid. The flow is visualised with flat reflective particles, which allow a study over a broad range of parameters. The flow is then accurately characterised with PIV measurement. Two solutions of solid body rotation well predicted by Busse theorie (1968) show two transitions to turbulence when the Ekman number decreases. Both transitions show instabilities where inertial modes are coupled by a triadic resonance. The first instability is similar to the one described in a precessing sphere and called Conical Shear Instability (CSI) by Lin et al. (2015). The second instability presents the characteristics of the CSI with inertial modes of low azimuthal wave number but also the characteristics of the elliptic instability (Lacaze 2004). Finally, a third region of instability is observed and measured in the case of prograde precession around a characteristic precession frequency
Creppy, Adama Kpatagnon. "Analyse expérimentale de la dynamique de nage des spermatozoïdes". Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2015. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/14477/1/creppy.pdf.
Testo completoBeaudet, Laurent. "Etude expérimentale et numérique du décrochage dynamique sur une éolienne à axe vertical de forte solidité". Phd thesis, Université de Poitiers, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01058929.
Testo completoCaussanel-Laurent, Odile. "Agitation industrielle de fluides visqueux newtoniens et pseudoplastiques : approches expérimentale et numérique". Toulouse, INPT, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INPT008G.
Testo completoRoches, Pascal. "Étude expérimentale d'un écoulement turbulent non-cisaillé soumis à un gradient thermique". Toulouse, INPT, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPT050H.
Testo completoParezanovic, Vladimir. "Etude expérimentale de la sensibilité des propriétés globales du sillage turbulent de corps non profilés à des perturbations stationnaires". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00670537.
Testo completoBoussafeur, Kaci. "Étude expérimentale de l'écoulement turbulent pariétal produit par l'impact d'un jet frappant normalement un disque coaxial en rotation". Lille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL10011.
Testo completoPous, Frédéric. "Etude expérimentale et théorique de l'interaction aérodynamique entre un tourbillon d'extrémité d'aile et une surface portante en oscillation". Aix-Marseille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX22031.
Testo completoAhd, Mohamed. "Etude expérimentale du développement du sillage d'un cylindre circulaire placé en amont d'un corps d'arrêt". Poitiers, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994POIT2294.
Testo completoDesevaux, Philippe. "Contribution à l'étude expérimentale d'un éjecteur à flux induit". Besançon, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BESA2072.
Testo completoThis work is concerned with the experimental investigation of an induced air ejector. The bibliographic review reveals that the global analysis of the working of ejectors has been widely privileged to the detriment of the local investigation of the flow. Therefore, after a brief study of the working of the ejector, with the aim to evaluate its performance and to verify the establishment of a mixed flow pattern (supersonic-subsonic) under our experimental conditions, we concentrate our attention on the local investigation of the flow. This experimental investigation is carried out by static pressure measurements and flow visualizations. With regard to the pressure measurement, a sliding measuring system for the centreline static pressure is developed for determining continuously the pressure distribution along the centreline of the ejector. Concerning the optical investigation of flow, several flow visualization methods using laser sheet illumination techniques, are developed in order to visualize the primary pseudo-shock system, the turbulent structures of the flow and the non mixing region. The main results obtained by the different experimentations allow the study of the influence of various operating conditions on the recompression and mixing processes in the ejector. In particular, it appears that the recompression is more difficult to achieve at high values of the entrainment ratio, and that the mixing of the two fluids is completely accomplished as soon as the primary pseudo-shock structure is vanished. Issues related to the mixing tube design are also addressed by this experimental investigation. Static pressure measurements and flow visualizations at the primary nozzle exit also permit the detection of the appearance of the mixed flow pattern with separation. Finally, we present a brief confrontation of our experimental results with results given by various numerical simulations
De, Souza Fenella. "Etude expérimentale de l'interaction sillage/paroi dans une couche limite turbulente manipulée par un cylindre circulaire". Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT2388.
Testo completoFaure, Thierry. "Étude expérimentale de sillage turbulent d'un corps à symétrie de révolution autopropulsé par hélice". Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 1995. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00911048.
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