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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Modélisation du bilan de masse en surface"
Kurbatova, Polina, Damien Dupuy, Cindy Li e Guillaume Jeanne. "Modélisation d’une étape de filtration tangentielle pour optimiser le développement d’un procédé de biomédicament". MATEC Web of Conferences 407 (2025): 05001. https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202540705001.
Testo completoBosca, C., e A. Dauta. "Effet des variations d'énergie lumineuse associées à l'agitation verticale sur le bilan photosynthétique de cultures intensives d'algues en bassin". Revue des sciences de l'eau 4, n. 3 (12 aprile 2005): 381–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705106ar.
Testo completoKittel, Christoph. "Projections du bilan de masse en surface en Antarctique à l’horizon 2100". Climatologie 21 (2023): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/climat/202321003.
Testo completoEl Mokretar, Sofiane, Rachid Miri e Maiouf Belhamel. "Etude du Bilan d’Energie et de Masse d’un Séchoir de Type Serre Applications au Séchage des Produits Agro-alimentaires". Journal of Renewable Energies 7, n. 2 (31 dicembre 2004): 109–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.54966/jreen.v7i2.874.
Testo completoBergot, Thierry, Pierre Bessemoulin e Claire Sarrat. "Apport des campagnes de mesures pour la compréhension des interactions sol-végétation-atmosphère". La Météorologie, n. 108 (2020): 046. http://dx.doi.org/10.37053/lameteorologie-2020-0015.
Testo completoMarti, Renaud, Simon Gascoin, Thomas Houet, Dominique Laffly e Pierre René. "Evaluation du modèle numérique d'élévation d'un petit glacier de montagne généré à partir d'images stéréoscopiques Pléiades : cas du glacier d'Ossoue, Pyrénées françaises." Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection, n. 208 (5 settembre 2014): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.52638/rfpt.2014.107.
Testo completoBoudhar, Abdelghani, Lahoucine Hanich, Ahmed Marchane, Lionel Jarlan e Abdelghani Chehbouni. "Apport des données FORMOSAT2 à la modélisation du contenu en eau du manteau neigeux du Haut Atlas marocain". Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection, n. 204 (8 aprile 2014): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.52638/rfpt.2013.21.
Testo completoPoulin, M. "Modélisation numérique des échanges hydrauliques et thermiques entre rivière et nappe alluviale". Revue des sciences de l'eau 1, n. 1-2 (12 aprile 2005): 107–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705005ar.
Testo completoFavier, Vincent, Jonathan Wille, Cécile Agosta, Charles Amory, Léonard Barthélémy, Francis Codron, Élise Fourré, Irina Gorodetskaya, Gerhard Krinner e Benjamin Pohl. "Les rivières atmosphériques de l'Antarctique". La Météorologie, n. 117 (2022): 019. http://dx.doi.org/10.37053/lameteorologie-2022-0032.
Testo completoRabatel, Antoine, Jean Pierre Dedieu e Louis Reynaud. "Suivi du bilan de masse glaciaire par télédétection : application au Glacier Blanc (Massif des Ecrins, France) entre 1985 et 2000". Revue de géographie alpine 90, n. 3 (2002): 99–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rga.2002.3094.
Testo completoTesi sul tema "Modélisation du bilan de masse en surface"
Gential, Luc. "Modélisation du bilan de masse en surface de la calotte glaciaire antarctique". Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE10092.
Testo completoThe Antarctic ice sheet surface mass balance (SMB, snow accumulation minus ablation) is sensitive to climate parameters and directly contributes to global mean sea level variations. Therefore, in the perspective of climate change, it is useful to develop tools that can simulate the physical processes involved in the Antarctic surface mass balance. The approach developed in this thesis consists in using a cascade of atmospheric models from large scale to local scale. Thus, a regional climate model (Modèle atmosphérique régional, hereinafter referred to as MAR), forced by European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis, provides a diagnostic physical-based rain- and snowfall disaggregation model with meteorological fields at the regional scale (typically 40-km resolution). In a first part, it is shown that the SMB calculated by MAR is in good agreement with observations in most regions. Nonetheless, runoff appears to be overestimated; the problem vanishes when introducing a dependency of albedo with solar zenithal distance. In a second part, it is shown that although the parameterizations invoked in the disaggregation model are fairly simple, the knowledge of small-scale topography (5-km resolution) is efficiently used to improve the spatial variability of precipitation - and therefore SMB - over coastal regions of Antarctica. Model validation is carried out with the help of snow height measurements provided by automatic weather stations. Over the coastal place of Law Dome, the net accumulation gradient is mostly due to orographic forcing of precipitation (rather than blowing snow). The disaggregation model dramatically underestimates precipitation over the Antarctic Plateau, where polar stratospheric clouds associated with radiative cooling could play a role in the formation of precipitation during the polar night
Gential, Luc. "Modélisation du bilan de masse en surface de la calotte glaciaire antarctique". Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00189139.
Testo completoDonat-Magnin, Marion. "Variabilité atmosphérique en Antarctique de l'Ouest : Impact sur la circulation océanique et sur le bilan de masse de surface de la calotte Interannual Variability of Summer Surface Mass Balance and Surface Melting in the Amundsen Sector, West Antarctica". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAU032.
Testo completoWest Antarctica, and particularly the Amundsen sector, has shown since the 1990s a large increase of mass loss related to coastal glacier acceleration in response to an increase of oceanic melt underneath ice shelves. Ice shelves play a buttressing role for ice-stream and increased oceanic melt therefore lead to ice shelves thinning and glacier acceleration, which contributes to sea level rise. West Antarctica is of particular concern because its configuration is prone to marine ice-sheet instability. It has been suggested that ice shelves weaken under large surface melt in a warmer climate (hydrofracturing), possibly leading to another kind of instability. Instabilities could be slowed down or compensated by future Surface Mass Balance (SMB) that consists mainly of snowfall, sporadic rainfall, and is slightly reduced by sublimation and runoff. The main objective of this PhD work is to model the atmospheric and oceanic processes that will most likely affect the future West Antarctic contribution to sea level rise.First, oceanic projections have been developed using the NEMO ocean model. The ocean circulation induced by ice-shelf basal melting affects the ocean response to future changes in surface winds. Therefore, models that do not represent ice-shelf cavities produce wrong warming patterns around Antarctica. A positive feedback between oceanic melting and grounding-line retreat has been identified and can increase melt rates by a factor of 2.5. These results are strong incentive to couple ocean and ice sheet models, although the projections proposed here are relatively idealized.To run SMB and surface melting projections, an atmospheric model with a fine representation of polar processes, including those related to the snowpack, is needed. MAR is found to be an appropriate tool to simulate the present-day surface climate in the Amundsen region. We find that none of the large climate modes of variability (ASL, SAM, ENSO) explains more than 50% of surface melt and SMB summer variance at the interannual timescale. The use of climate mode variability projections to estimate the future surface climate of West Antarctica is therefore not trivial.Forced by the CMIP5 multi-model mean under the RCP8.5 scenario, MAR predicts an increase of SMB by 30-40% for the end of the 21st century. This increase corresponds to 0.33 mm yr-1 of sea level drop down, which is higher than the current West Antarctic contribution of ~0.26 mm yr-1 from ice dynamics. Surface melt is also projected to increase by a factor of 5 to 15 over the Amundsen ice shelves, but most of it is projected to refreeze in the annual snow layer, so future melting should not have a strong contribution to SMB or hydrofracturing.To conclude we show that coupled ocean and ice sheet climate models are essential to simulate the future of Antarctica and Southern Ocean. A fine representation of surface melt and refreezing processes within the snowpack is also crucial as possible hydrofracturing is threatening in a warmer climate and it comes within a delicate equilibrium between snowfall, air temperature, and feedback related to albedo and humidity
Colleoni, Florence. "La glaciation de la fin du Saalien (160-140 ka) : modélisation du climat". Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE10131.
Testo completoThis thesis focuses on the glaciation of the Late Saalian period (160 -140 ka) over Eurasia. The Quaternary Environment of the Eurasian North project evidenced that during this period, the Eurasian ice sheet was substantially larger than during the entire Weichselian cycle and especially than during the Last Glacial Maximum (21 ka, LGM). The Late Saalian astronomical forcing were different than during the LGM while greenhouse gas concentrations were similar. To understand how this ice sheet could have grown so large over Eurasia during the Late Saalian, we use an Atmospherical General Circulation Model (AGCM), an AGCM coupled to an oceanic mixed layer and a vegetation model to explore the influence of regional parameters, sea surface temperatures (SST) and orbital parameters on the surface mass balance (SMB) of the Late Saalian Eurasian ice sheet. At 140 ka, proglacial lakes, vegetation and simulated Late Saalian SST cool the Eurasian climate, reducing the ablation along the southen margins. Dust deposition on snow have the opposite effect. The presence of a Canada Basin ice-shelf during MIS 6 in the Arctic Ocean, does not affect the mass balance of the ice sheet. According to geological evidences, the Late Saalian Eurasian ice sheet reached its maximum extent before 160 ka. Northern Hemisphere high latitudes summer insolation shows a large insolation peak towards 150 ka. The simulated climate prior to 140 ka is milder and ablation is larger along the southern margins of the Eurasian ice sheet although the mean annual SMB is positive. The Late Saalian Eurasian ice sheet, may have been large enough to generate its own cooling needed for its maintenance over Eurasia
Colleoni, Florence. "La glaciation de la fin du Saalien (160 - 140 ka): modélisation du climat". Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00418445.
Testo completoA 140 ka, les lacs proglaciaires, la végétation et les températures océaniques simulées refroidissent le climat régional, diminuant l'ablation le long des marges Sud. Les dépôt de poussière au contraire, réchauffent le climat. La présence d'un ice-shelf dans l'Océan Arctique durant le MIS 6 n'affecte pas le SMB de la calotte eurasienne. Selon les données géologiques, la calotte Saalienne avait atteint sa taille maximale avant 160 ka. L'insolation d'été dans les hautes latitudes montre un pic très net vers 150 ka. La climat simulé avant 140 ka est plus humide et l'ablation le long des marges sud est plus importante bien que le SMB reste positif. La calotte Saalienne semble avoir été suffisamment grosse pour générer son propre refroidissement régional et se maintenir en Eurasie jusqu'à la Terminaison II (130 ka).
Dupont, Florent. "Télédétection micro-onde de surfaces enneigées en milieu arctique : étude des processus de surface de la calotte glaciaire Barnes, Nunavut, Canada". Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/5306.
Testo completoHoang, Thi Khanh Dieu. "A numerical approach to understanding rates of ice sheet build-up during the Quaternary". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025UPASJ002.
Testo completoDuring the Quaternary (since 2.6 Ma), ice sheets experience different advance-retreat episodes corresponding to glacial-interglacial cycles. Studying these episodic events provides a better understanding of the mechanisms behind the Earth's evolution, improving the future projection for the current global warming.Simulating ice sheet-climate interactions for long timescales requires numerical modeling approaches that sufficiently represent the real system while maintaining low computational costs. In the first part of this thesis, I utilize an Earth System of Intermediate Complexity (iLOVECLIM) coupled to the 3D ice sheet model GRISLI to simulate the abrupt ice sheet advance during the beginning of the last glacial cycle (120-115 kaBP). The results indicate glacial inceptions cannot be explained solely by the astronomical theory (the influence of orbital forcings). The roles of the biosphere and ocean through different feedback mechanisms must be included to explain the location and extent of ice sheet advance. Also, an appropriate simulation of the ice sheet accumulation process is essential to obtain results consistent with the paleo records.In the second part of the thesis, I investigate the behaviors of a multi-layer snow model BESSI to provide a more physics-based surface mass balance (SMB) simulation for iLOVECLIM-GRISLI. The snow model exhibits good results compared to a state-of-the-art Regional Climate Model MAR for the present-day climate under different ice sheet conditions. For the Last Interglacial (130-116 kaBP), BESSI forced by iLOVECLIM shows higher sensitivity to the climate forcings than the existing SMB parameterization of iLOVECLIM-GRISLI. Additionally, the SMB evolution simulated by BESSI-iLOVECLIM is also in an acceptable range compared to other studies. However, since this snow model is more physics-based than the existing parameterization, the influence of biases of iLOVECLIM is more significant for BESSI, hampering its performance. With further work to come on bias correction and the coupling method, my study paves the way for the use of BESSI in the coupling between the iLOVECLIM climate model and the GRISLI ice sheet model
Guinaldo, Thibault. "Paramétrisation de la dynamique lacustre dans un modèle de surface couplé pour une application à la prévision hydrologique à l’échelle globale". Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020INPT0125.
Testo completoThe water cycle encompasses the main processes related to mass fluxes that influence the atmosphere and climate variability. More specifically, continental hydrology refers to the water transfer occurring at the land surface and sub-surface. Modelling is one of the main methods used for the representation of these processes at regional to global scales. The land surface model system used in this thesis is composed of the ISBA land surface model coupled to the river routing model TRIP that combines the CNRM’s latest developments for use in stand-alone hydrological applications or coupled to a climate model. This PhD is focused on the development and evaluation of lake mass-balance dynamics and water level diagnostics using a new non-calibrated model called MLake which has been incorporated into the 1/12° version of the CTRIP model. Simulated river flows forced by high resolution hydrometeorological forcings are evaluated for the Rhone river basin against in situ observations coming from three river gauges over the period 1960-2016. Results reveal the positive contribution of MLake in simulating Rhone discharge and in representing the lake buffer effects on peak discharge. Moreover, the evaluation of the simulated and observed water level variations show the ability of MLake to reproduce the natural seasonal and interannual cycles. Based on the same framework, a final evaluation was conducted in order to assess the value of the non-calibrated MLake model for global hydrological applications. The results confirmed the capability of the model to simulate realistic river discharges worldwide. At 45% of the river gauge stations, which are mostly located within regions of high lake density, the new model resulted in improved simulated river discharge. The results also highlighted the strong effect of anthropization on the alterations of river dynamics, and the need for a global representation of human-impacted flows in the model. This study has lead to several future perspectives, such as the incorporation of a parametrization of lake hypsometry for use at global scale. The implementation of such developments will improve the representation of vertical water dynamics and facilitate both the coupling of MLake within the CNRM earth system model framework and the future spatial mission SWOT for improved future global hydrological and water resource projections
Dumas, Christophe. "Modélisation de l'évolution de l'Antarctique depuis le dernier cycle glaciaire-interglaciaire jusqu'au futur : importance relative des différents processus physiques et rôle des données d'entrée". Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00701353.
Testo completoMagand, Olivier. "Bilan de masse de surface antarctique : techniques de mesure et analyse critique". Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE10042.
Testo completoThe study of the cryosphere, which is one of the main active component in the global climate system, including global sea level, represents a major interest in the understanding of the current climatic changes. The polar zones are, at the moment, the world areas where the climatic changes appear in a spectacular way, and this reinforces the necessity of a better understanding of the total and surface mass balance of the ice sheets. Indeed, the Antarctic mass balance (surface and total), is not well known yet and is not correctly represented in current climatic models; this matter of fact contributes to strong uncertainties about future climate projection as well as associated potential contribution on sea level change. As a consequence, the continuation of studies on total and surface mass balance (and future change) in the different Antarctic regions, in response to the actual (and future climate), appears essential. In the framework of the present manuscript, I propose to reduce uncertainties in the Antarctic surface mass balance (SMB) estimates, inducing the possibility to optimize the reconstruction of the accumulation parameter over the continent with atmospheric general circulation (climatic) models and interpolation maps of in situ observations