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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "NaCMC"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 11 settembre 2023

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "NaCMC"

Katona, Jaroslav, Verica Sovilj e Lidija Petrovic. "Viscosity sinergism of hydrozypropmethyl and carboxy methyl cellulose". Chemical Industry 62, n. 1 (2008): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0801031k.

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Rheology modifiers are common constituents of food, cosmetic and pharmaceutic products. Often, by using two or more of them, better control of the product rheological properties can be achieved. In this work, rheological properties of hydroxypropymethyl cellulose (HPMC) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) solutions of different concentrations were investigated and compared to the flow properties of 1% HPMC/NaCMC binary mixtures at various HPMC/NaCMC mass ratios. Solutions of HPMC and NaCMC were found to be pseudoplastic, where pseudoplasticity increases with increase in the macromolecules concentration. Changes of the degree of pseudoplasticity, n as well as the coefficient of consistency, K with the concentration are more pronounced in HPMC solutions when compared to the NaCMC ones. This is mostly due to the ability of HPMC molecules to associate with each other at concentrations above critical overlap concentration, c , and greater flexibility of macromolecular chains. Binary mixtures of HPMC/NaCMC were also found to be pseudoplastic. Experimentally obtained viscosities of the mixture were proved to be larger than theoretically expected ones, indicating viscosity synergism as a consequence of HPMC-NaCMC interaction. Maximum in synergy was observed when HPMC/NaCMC mass ratio was 0.4/0.6, no matter of the shear rate applied. On the other hand, it was found that relative positive deviation, RPD decreases when shear rate is increased.

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Akalin, Gulen Oytun, e Mehlika Pulat. "Preparation and Characterization of Nanoporous Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose Hydrogel Beads". Journal of Nanomaterials 2018 (2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9676949.

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A series of nanoporous sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) hydrogel beads were prepared using FeCl3 ionic crosslinker by changing polymer and crosslinker percentages (%). Characteristics of the hydrogels were investigated by gel content, swelling test, degradation test, Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope/Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (SEM/EDX), and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Swelling experiments were studied by changing time, temperature, and pH. The swelling percentage (S%) regularly decreased with increasing the amounts of polymer and crosslinker, in contrast with gel content results. NaCMC hydrogels were found to be sensitive to pH variations. The degradation test showed that hydrogels had good stability and their degradation period varied from 30 to 36 days. According to SEM analysis, NaCMC hydrogels had mostly nanoporous structure. The average granule and pore sizes of the least swollen NaCMC-12 hydrogel were found to be 13.1±0.3 nm and 82.1±3.2 nm. The elemental compositions of hydrogels were determined with EDX. The minimum average surface roughness (Ra) and root mean square roughness (Rms) parameters were found to be 15.7±1.9 nm and 20.3±2.2 nm for NaCMC-12 hydrogels by AFM. Due to their good morphologies, stabilities, and swelling behaviors, NaCMC hydrogels can be suitable for biomaterial applications.

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Brhane, Yonas. "Evaluation of Carboxymethylated Plectranthus edulis Starch as Suspending Agent in Metronidazole Benzoate Suspension Formulation". International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology 12, n. 5 (30 settembre 2019): 4672–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2019.12.5.8.

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Carboxymethylated Plectranthus edulis, Vatke (P. edulis) [fam., Lamiaceae] starch was evaluated as a suspending agent in metronidazole benzoate suspensions in comparison with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) at concentration range of 1-4% (w/v). The resulting suspensions were evaluated for their sedimentation volume (%), degree of flocculation, rheology, redispersibility, and dissolution rate. Stability studies were performed for 3 months. The apparent viscosities of the formulations prepared with carboxymethylated P. edulis starch at reaction condition E (CMPS-E) was significantly lower than that of NaCMC (p < 0.05). The flowability of the suspensions, at all concentration levels of the suspending agents, were in the order of CMPS-E > NaCMC. AT 1% concentrations, carboxymethylated P. edulis starch (76 ± 1.5%) provided significantly higher (p < 0.05) sedimentation volume than NaCMC (40 ± 1.5%). At 3% and 4%, both gave comparable sedimentation volume (100%). Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) employed as a flocculating agent significantly increased (p < 0.05) the sedimentation volume of the suspensions prepared with carboxy-methylated P.edulis starch and NaCMC. The redispersibilities of CMPS-E was better than those of NaCMC. All suspensions showed a release of greater than 85% of drug within 1 h. The results of stability studies showed that all suspension formulations were stable. From the foregoing, it can be concluded that carboxymethylated P. edulis starch could be used as an alternative suspending agent.

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Bazid, Sihem, Meriem El Kolli, Aicha Medjahed e Rachida Doufnoune. "The interaction of sodium carboxymethylcellulose with gelatin in the absence and presence of NaCl, CaCl2 and glucose". Journal of Polymer Engineering 35, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2015): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2014-0080.

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Abstract The behavior of gelatin/sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) mixtures in an aqueous medium was investigated as a function of the pH, the protein to polysaccharide weight ratio and the total biopolymer concentration. The polydispersity of these solutions was investigated by measuring the UV-vis absorbance of the mixture at 650 nm. The change in the absorbance at 650 nm for all gelatin/NaCMC/water dispersions showed that the most significant interaction by this technique was at a pH of 4.2. Increasing the total concentration of biopolymers greatly increased the interaction between gelatin and NaCMC. It was also found that at this value of pH, and at a remarkable value of the protein to polysaccharide weight ratio of 1:1, the electrostatic interactions between gelatin and NaCMC were maximum. It was demonstrated that the addition of an anionic polysaccharide such as NaCMC can affect the behavior of gelatin in solution. In addition to the pH of the solution, other factors such as the presence of NaCl, CaCl2 and glucose may affect the rate of helicity and the scattering power of the gelatin. This has been confirmed by infrared spectroscopy as well as polarimetry.

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Ahsan, Safiya, Arun Dhanagar e Arifa Shaheen. "Investigation of aggregation behavior and surface properties of cationic surface-active ionic liquids and sodium carboxymethylcellulose mixed systems". Tenside Surfactants Detergents 60, n. 4 (1 luglio 2023): 356–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tsd-2022-2487.

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Abstract The impact of different concentrations of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) on the micellization process in cationic, ester-functionalized, ethyl-substituted imidazolium-based surface-active ionic liquids (SAILs) ([C n Eeim]Br where, n = 12, 14, 16) were investigated using specific conductivity and surface tension measurements at 298 K. The study focused on determining the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of the three pure SAILs and their mixtures with NaCMC to evaluate various thermodynamic and interfacial parameters. The results showed that the CMC values decreased significantly with increasing hydrophobicity of the SAILs, while the CMC increased with a gradual increase in the NaCMC mole fraction in the SAIL–NaCMC mixed systems. It was observed that the excess free energy of micellization ( ∆ G e x m ${{\increment}G}_{ex}^{m}$ ) and the minimum free energy of surface at equilibrium ( ∆ G min s ${{\increment}G}_{\mathrm{min}}^{s}$ ) exhibited an opposite behaviour, indicating that the formed mixed micelles were stable while the formed surface was unstable. The results of this study are useful for evaluating the properties of SAIL–NaCMC mixed systems to improve and better understand their applications in the food, medical and cosmetic industries.

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Conti, S., L. Maggi, L. Segale, E. Ochoa Machiste, U. Conte, P. Grenier e G. Vergnault. "Matrices containing NaCMC and HPMC". International Journal of Pharmaceutics 333, n. 1-2 (marzo 2007): 136–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2006.11.059.

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Conti, S., L. Maggi, L. Segale, E. Ochoa Machiste, U. Conte, P. Grenier e G. Vergnault. "Matrices containing NaCMC and HPMC". International Journal of Pharmaceutics 333, n. 1-2 (marzo 2007): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2006.11.067.

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Roy, Jagadish, Ada Ferri, Stéphane Giraud, Guan Jinping e Fabien Salaün. "Chitosan–Carboxymethylcellulose-Based Polyelectrolyte Complexation and Microcapsule Shell Formulation". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, n. 9 (25 agosto 2018): 2521. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19092521.

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Chitosan (CH)–carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt (NaCMC) microcapsules containing paraffin oil were synthesized by complex formation, and crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (GTA). The electrostatic deposition of NaCMC onto the CH-coated paraffin oil emulsion droplets was demonstrated by zeta potential and optical microscopy. The optimal process conditions were identified in terms of pH of the aqueous solution (5.5) and CH/NaCMC mass ratio (1:1). Encapsulation of paraffin oil and microcapsule morphology were analyzed by ATR-FTIR and SEM, respectively. The effect of GTA crosslinking on paraffin oil latent heat was investigated by DSC and combined with the values of encapsulation efficiency and core content, supporting the compact shell formation.

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de Oliveira, Alessandra Moreira, Ricardo da Silva Souza, Débora Omena Futuro e Valéria Gonçalves Costa. "The Development Study of a Prototype of Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose and Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Wound Dressings Using a Mixer Torque Rheometer". Advanced Materials Research 1171 (3 maggio 2022): 25–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-h118we.

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The search for new materials that serve as dressings and promote the proper means for wound healing, without yielding toxic waste to the wound bed and at low cost, is currently the subject of research. In this sense, the present study aimed to develop a prototype of a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) polymeric film, sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC). PVA and NaCMC as miscible polymer blend films for wound dressings was developed using internal mixing chamber processing in a mix torque rheometer (MTR) without the use of binders or crosslinks in different mixing conditions that were investigated by thermal characteristics (differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and crystallinity (X-ray Diffraction Technique (XRD)). The films obtained by pouring from this starting material were characterized by DSC, TGA, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), optical microscopy and swelling assay. All stages of development of this prototype are discussed, from the quality control of the raw materials, through the development of the preparation technique of the blends in 14 different processing conditions. The processed PVA/NaCMC film showed physical crosslinking which may have promoted its ability to resist dissolution in water (unprocessed PVA/NaCMC films’ characteristic). The results demonstrated that the processing of the PVA and NaCMC polymers in the MTR constitutes a viable technique to obtain membranes for use as dressings.

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Katona, Jaroslav, Verica Sovilj, Lidija Petrovic e Nenad Mucic. "Tensiometric investigation of the interaction and phase separation in a polymer mixture-ionic surfactant ternary system". Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 75, n. 6 (2010): 823–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc100112056k.

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The interaction and phase separation in a ternary mixture composed of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC), and sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) were investigated by tensiometry. Surface tension measurements of binary mixtures (0.7 % HPMC and 0.00-2.00 % SDS) and of ternary mixtures (0.7 % HPMC, 0.3 % NaCMC, and 0.00-2.00 % SDS) were performed. The measurements indicated interaction between HPMC and SDS, which resulted in HPMC-SDS complex formation. The critical association concentration, CAC, and polymer saturation point, PSP, were determined. Phase separation of ternary HPMC/SDS/NaCMC mixtures occurs at SDS concentration > CAC, i.e., when the HPMC-SDS complex is formed. The volume of the coacervate increases with increasing SDS concentration, and at SDS concentrations >1.00 %, the coacervate vanishes. The surface tensions (?) of ternary HPMC/SDS/NaCMC mixtures in the precoacervation region and at the onset of the coacervation region are similar to the ? of the corresponding binary HPMC-SDS mixtures, while in the coacervation and post coacervation region, they are close to the ? of the corresponding SDS solutions.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "NaCMC"

Liu, Biao. "A novel nucleolin aptamer-celastrol conjugate (NACC) with super antitumor activity on advanced pancreatic cancer". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2017. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/383.

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Advanced pancreatic cancer (APC) has a poor prognosis due to the high degree of resistance after systemic chemotherapy. Celastrol (CSL), a quinone methyl triterpenoid monomer extracted from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, exhibits superior antitumor activity on pancreatic cancer (PC) both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, CLS counteracts multiple mechanisms involved in multi-drug resistance (MDR) of PC cells. However, CSL induced toxicity to normal tissues (e.g. liver) is the major impediment to its clinical application. Thus, it is desirable to seek strategy to facilitate CSL selectively targeting PC tissues and simultaneously reducing its exposure to healthy tissues (e.g. liver). Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotides which specifically recognize and bind to targets by distinct secondary or tertiary structures. Nucleolin, a protein overexpressed on the plasma membrane of PC cells than that of normal cells (e.g. liver cell), which shuttle between cell surface, cytoplasm and nucleus, work as a cell surface receptor. Nucleolin aptamer is an anti-proliferative G-rich oligonucleotide with high affinity and specificity to nucleolin, which has been proved to be safe in clinical research. Then, nucleolin aptamer, as a target moiety, provide an approach to facilitate CLS selectively targeting PC cells. Taken together, our hypothesis is that the nucleolin aptamer modification could facilitate the conjugated CSL selectively targeting pancreatic cancer cells to achieve higher antitumor activity and less liver toxicity. In our study, CSL was conjugated to nucleolin aptamer to form Nucleolin Aptamer-Celastrol Conjugate (NACC). A CRO Aptamer-Celastrol conjugate (CACC) was also synthesized as a control for comparison. The water solubility of NACC was significantly higher than that of CSL. Then, the molecular weight of NACC was detected by ESI mass sepectrum (MS). The anti-proliferative efficacy of NACC was higher than CSL in vitro. NACC could selectively bind to PANC-1 cells over normal liver cells. The cellular uptake of NACC by PANC-1 cell was stronger than CSL. Moreover, NACC could be taken up by PANC-1 cells mainly via macropinocytosis. Tissue distribution study revealed that NACC could selectively accumulate in pancreatic tumor tissue and reduce the distribution in liver in vivo. In addition, NACC demonstrated higher antitumor activity and less liver toxicity in vivo, compared with CSL and CACC. The above results revealed that the nucleolin aptamer modification could facilitate the conjugated CSL selectively targeting PC cells to achieve higher antitumor activity and less liver toxicity.

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Pritchett, Kelley Carolyn Elisabeth. "Intra-nacc adenosine and its role in mediating palatable food intake interactions with striatal opioids /". Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6103.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed Aug. 21, 2009). Includes bibliographical references.

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SANNA, FABRIZIO. "Interazione dopamina-ossitocina nel controllo centrale della risposta erettile". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/266014.

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We investigated: 1) the effect of a pro-erectile dose of apomorphine, a mixed dopamine receptor agonist, injected into the PVN on the release of dopamine by mesolimbic dopaminergic neurons in the “shell” of the nucleus accumbens; 2) the effect of oxytocin injected into the VTA on penile erection and on the concentration of dopamine into the “shell” of the nucleus accumbens and into the PVN; 3) the mechanism responsible for the pro-erectile effect of oxytocin injection into the VTA, mainly the role of the NO-GMPc system; and 4) the relationship between oxytocinergic fibers/axons, mesolimbic dopaminergic cell bodies, NO synthase and guanylyl cyclase into the VTA. The results obtained suggest the existence of a neural circuit where dopaminergic and oxytocinergic neurons play a key role in the motivational/rewarding and consummatory aspects of male sexual behavior. When activated, this circuit facilitates not only the copulatory behavior through the activation of paraventricular oxytocinergic neurons projecting to the spinal cord, but also the mechanisms controlling sexual motivation and sexual reward through the activation of paraventricular oxytocinergic neurons projecting to the VTA. Infact, oxytocin released here activates the NO-cGMP system localized into the cell bodies of the mesolimbic dopaminergic neurons and this, in turn, lead to the release of dopamine into the nucleus accumbens. This neural circuit may play a key role in the integration of the activity of neural pathways controlling the consummatory (erection-ejaculation) and anticipatory (motivation and reward) aspects of the male sexual behavior in physiological contexts.

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YADAV, RAHUL, e AYUSH. "SYNTHESIS OF FE3+ION CROSSLINKED GREEN HYDROGEL USING XANTHAN GUM AND SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE FOR AGRICULTURAL PURPOSE". Thesis, 2023. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/19781.

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Ever-growing world population is creating immense pressure on the agriculture sector leading to the overexploitation of resources, soil degradation, and water scarcity which in turn reduces crop yield significantly. Current research has been started with the goal of creating new materials for the effective use of water in agriculture in order to stop this damaging cycle. Thus, a series of Xanthan gum (XG) and Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (NaCMC) based ionic crosslinked hydrogels (XG- Fe-NaCMC1-XG-Fe NaCMC5) were synthesized. The macromolecular chain's abundance of reactive hydroxyl and carboxylate groups makes it possible to connect the chains using multivalent ionic crosslinkers for example trivalent iron (Fe3+). The hydrogels were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermo- gravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis. The maximum water-holding capacity of hydrogel-amended soil was observed. Hydrogel was also studied by pot experiment for the wheatgrass (Triticum aestivum) growth study. The study confirms that the hydrogel, XG-Fe-NaCMC with maximum thermal stability and improved swelling index has potential application in agriculture by improving the water holding capacity of the soil and can also be applied to agricultural areas as a fertilizer release system.

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Sampaio, José Pedro Pinto. "Optogenetic modulation of corticoestriatal activity for the regulation of social dominance". Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/86141.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Biologia Celular e Molecular apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia
Social hierarchies can be understood as a form of dominance, essential for animal species that live under communal systems, allowing the allocation of resources and assignment of responsibilities according to skill set, while also increasing social motivation and maximizing the group’s survival odds. Studying social hierarchies in a laboratory setting normally resorts to rodents, which naturally possess a distinct set of dominance behaviors. Laboratory mice, grown and cohabiting within the constraints of their home-cages, establish a social hierarchy according to a dominance rank. The tube test paradigm, where mice are paired in a round-robin manner to induce non-aggressive disputes of social dominance, is particularly accurate in reflecting dominance rank and strongly correlates with other social dominance behaviors. As we gain more knowledge on the neural mechanisms behind the regulation social hierarchy behaviors, the pre-frontal cortex (PFC) is proposed as a major player in the processing of most relevant information and exerting top-down control over behavior. Another brain region of interest is the ventral striatum, which has also been described as being involved in social hierarchy processing and in the motivational and effort-based aspects of behavior. Importantly, cortical projections between the mPFC (medial pre-frontal cortex) and Nucleus Accumbens (NAcc; belonging to the ventral striatum) have been widely described to guide murine behavior during non-social and, more recently, during social contexts as well. Optogenetics may enable the modulation of this neural circuit and help elucidate the function of the cortical projections between the mPFC and NAcc.
A formação de uma hierarquia social pode ser vista como uma manifestação de dominância e é essencial para o correcto funcionamento de espécies animais que vivem em comunidade. Permitem alocar recursos e distribuir responsabilidades entre os elementos constituintes de forma eficaz, aumentar os indices de motivação e maximizar a probabilidade de sobrevivência. O estudo deste fenómeno é feito, por norma, usando espécies roedoras, que manifestam um distinto leque de comportamentos de dominância social na Natureza. Ratinhos de laboratório são mantidos em gaiolas, onde crescem e cohabitam em espaço partilhado, formando uma hierarquia social estável desde cedo. O designado “Tube Test”, que consiste em colocar dois indivíduos em cada uma das pontas de um tubo apertado, de modo a induzir disputas não agressivas, revela-se bastante eficaz no evidenciar de relações de dominância entre um determinado grupo de ratinhos de laboratório.Estudos sobre os mecanismos neuronais por detrás das hierarquias sociais implicaram o cortéx pré-frontal medial (mPFC) como principal centro cerebral responsável pelo processamento de informação e manisfestação comportamental. Outra região, o estriado ventral, está também descrito como reunindo funções no processamento de hierarquias sociais, assim como em aspetos comportamentais ligados à motivação e esforço. Estas duas regiões connectam via projeções neuronais que ligam o mPFC ao nucleus accumbens (NAcc), que se encontra na região mais ventral do estriado. Também já se encontra descrito que estas projeções determinam o comportamento de ratinhos, tanto em contextos não-sociais como sociais. A optogenética é uma técnica que possibilita a modelação da actividade de circuitos neuronais, podendo ajudar a elucidar o papel das projeções corticais que ligam o mPFC ao Nacc.
Outro - This work was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) and FEDER/COMPETE with FCT grants Pest-C/SAU/LA0001/2013-2014, BrainHealth 2020 (CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000008); work presented here was supported with grants award to João Peça from the FCT Investigator Program (IF/00812/2012), Marie Curie Actions (PCIG13-GA-2013-618525), Bial Foundation grant 266/16, the Brain & Behavior Research Foundation and FCT grant PTDC/NEU-SCC/3247/2014."

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Feduccia, Allison Anne. "Effects of auditory and thermal stimuli on 3,4- methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-induced neurochemical and behavioral responses". 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/7666.

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The amphetamine derivative, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), is a popular drug often taken by young adults at dance clubs or rave parties. Laser light shows, fast-paced electronic music, and hot crowded dance floors are characteristic of these events, and Ecstasy users report that the acute effects of the drug are potentiated by these stimulatory conditions. However, it remains largely unknown how environmental stimuli impact the neurochemical and physiological effects of MDMA. The aim of the first study presented in this dissertation was to investigate how auditory stimuli (music, white noise, and no additional sound) influence MDMA conditioned place preference (CPP), self-administration, and nucleus accumbens (NAcc) dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) responses. Findings revealed a significant CPP for animals exposed to white noise during MDMA conditioning trials. After self-administration of MDMA (1.5 mg/kg), NAcc DA and 5-HT were highest in rats exposed to music during the test session. The second study aimed to investigate the effects of ambient temperature (23°or 32°C) on long-term MDMA self-administration and neurochemical responses. Results indicated no difference in self-administration or locomotor activity rates for the high versus room temperature groups across sessions. However, MDMA (3.0 mg/kg) administered in high ambient temperature resulted in significantly greater NAcc serotonin release compared to when taken at room temperature, but no differences in dopamine response was determined between the two conditions. Overall, these results indicate that auditory and thermal stimuli can effect MDMA-induced behavioral and neurochemical responses. The last aim tested a novel apparatus and method for use in animal models of drug reinforcement. By combining traditional CPP and self-administration procedures, this approach provided more informative data and circumvented some inherent drawbacks of each method alone. In addition to confirming the ability to produce drug conditioned place preferences after short- and long-term experiments, the long-term version of the procedure revealed a significant positive relationship between lever response rate and CPP magnitude. Therefore, this experimental design can be used to identify subgroups of rats that may vary in sensitivity to drug motivational effects. Further study of these populations may be useful in the development of behavioral and pharmacological therapies for drug addiction.
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Libri sul tema "NaCMC"

Casdorph, David G. Pressurized covered hoppers: NACC designs including derivatives and similar bodied cars. Monrovia, CA: Society of Freight Car Historians, 1995.

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), National Association for Court Management (U S. Managing the message: The NACM media guide for today's court : 2010 mini guide. Williamsburg, VA: National Association for Court Management, 2010.

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), National Association for Court Management (U S. Managing the message: The NACM media guide for today's court : 2010 mini guide. Williamsburg, VA: National Association for Court Management, 2010.

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NATO Economics Colloquium. (23rd 1994 Brussels, Belgium). Privatization in NACC countries: Defence industry experiences and policies and experiences in related fields. Brussels: NATO, 1994.

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Walters, Sarah. NACC audit on IBD: Social and demographic characteristics, medical care and quality of life. Chichester: Aeneas, 2000.

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India) NACC Study Conference and Consultation (1984 Nāgpur. Credible Christian communication: Report of the NACC Study Conference and Consultation, Nagpur, November 28-30, 1984. Delhi: ISPCK for the National Council of Churches in India, Nagpur, 1985.

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1942-, Weichhardt Reiner, North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Economics Directorate. e NATO Economics Colloquium (1994 : Brussels, Belgium), a cura di. Privatization in NACC countries: Defence industry experiences and policies and experiences in related fields : colloquium 29-30 June, 1 July 1994, Brussels = Privatisation dans les pays du CCNA : expériences et politiques des industries de défence et expériences dans les domaines connexes : colloque 29-30 juin, 1er juillet 1994, Bruxelles. Brussels: NATO, 1994.

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Charles M. Tatelbaum, Kimberly H. Tyson John K. Pearson. NACM Bankruptcy Reorganization Guide. 2^a ed. National Association of Credit Management (NACM), 1995.

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Pearson, John. NACM Bankruptcy Reorganization Guide 1991. Natl Assn of Credit Managers, 1991.

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NACHC Health center Compensation & Benefit report 2005-2006. NACHC, 2005.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "NaCMC"

Hernández, M. J., J. Dolz, M. Dolz, M. Herráez, J. Delegido e J. Pellicer. "Influence of NaCMC in Viscous Synergism of Locust Bean Gum + Kappa Carrageenan Mixtures". In Progress and Trends in Rheology V, 193–94. Heidelberg: Steinkopff, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-51062-5_86.

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Andrews, Anne M., Greg A. Gerhardt, Lynette C. Daws, Mohammed Shoaib, Barbara J. Mason, Charles J. Heyser, Luis De Lecea et al. "NAcc". In Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology, 815. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68706-1_4391.

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Hamilton, Tullia, Norman Spengler, Florian Blaess, Rebecca Dibb, Andrea DeJonge, Matthias Freise, Kate Ruff et al. "Nonprofit Academic Centers Council (NACC)". In International Encyclopedia of Civil Society, 1062–63. New York, NY: Springer US, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4_700.

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Fonnum, F., S. Hoibråten, P. Thoresen e O. Andreas Nedregård. "The NATO/CCMS/NACC Pilot Study on Cross-Border Radioactive Contamination Emanating from Defense-Related Installations in the Barents and the Kara Sea". In Nuclear Submarine Decommissioning and Related Problems, 331–34. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1758-3_40.

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"NAcc". In Encyclopedia of Pain, 2019. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28753-4_101362.

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"NAcc". In Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior, 4531. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55065-7_301488.

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"NAMC Disclaimer". In Case Studies of Emerging Farmers and Agribusinesses in South Africa, III. African Sun Media, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1v7zcch.5.

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Assari, Shervin. "Parental Education, Ethnicity, and Functional Connectivity between Nucleus Accumbens and Frontoparietal Network". In Parenting - Challenges of Child Rearing in a Changing Society [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101335.

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While studies have indicated an association between socioeconomic status (SES) and neuroimaging measures, weaker SES effects are shown for Blacks than Whites. This is, in part, due to processes such as stratification, racism, minoritization, and othering of Black people in the United States. However, less is known about Latino youth. This study had two aims: First, to test the association between parental education and the right and left nucleus accumbens (NAcc) resting-state functional connectivity with the frontoparietal network (FPN) in children; and second, to investigate ethnic heterogeneity in this association. This cross-sectional study used data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. We analyzed the resting-state functional connectivity data (rsFC) of 10,840 US preadolescents who were between 9 and 10 years old. The main outcomes were the NAcc resting-state functional connectivity with FPN separately calculated for right and left hemispheres. Parental education was our independent variable. Family structure, sex, and age were covariates. Furthermore, ethnicity (Latino vs. non-Latino) was regarded as the moderator. We used mixed-effects regression for data analysis with and without interaction terms between parental education and ethnicity. Most participants (n = 8690; 80.2%) were non-Latino and 2150 (19.8%) were Latino. Parental education was associated with higher right and left NAcc resting-state functional connectivity with FPN. Ethnicity showed statistically significant interactions with parental education, suggesting that the positive associations between parental education and right and left NAcc resting-state functional connectivity with FPN were different in non-Latino and Latino children. For right hemisphere, we found significantly stronger and for left hemisphere, we found significantly weaker association for Latino compared with non-Latino preadolescents. Preadolescents’ NAcc resting-state functional connectivity with FPN depends on the intersections of ethnicity, parental education, and laterality.

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Fleming, Jacqueline, e Irving Pressley McPhail. "A Postscript on NACME Scholars". In Success Factors for Minorities in Engineering, 259–60. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429427060-11.

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Drew, Nelson. "NATO, NACC and the Partnership for Peace". In Peacekeeping and the Role of Russia in Eurasia, 213–28. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429301261-12.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "NaCMC"

Voloshin, Aleksander, Nikolay Nifantiev, Mikhail Egorov, Robert Alimbekov e Vladimir Dokichev. "Development and Implementation of Green Inhibitors of Gas Hydrate Formation in the Fields of Western Siberia". In SPE Russian Petroleum Technology Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206470-ms.

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Abstract The effect of biodegradable polysaccharides – sodium (NaCMC) and ethanolammonium salts of carboxymethylcellulose, dextran and arabinogalactan on the process of gas hydrate formation was studied in order to search for new "green" inhibitors of low-concentration gas hydrate formation. The ability of polysaccharides to inhibit gas hydrate formation was studied in a quasi-equilibrium thermodynamic experiment. A mixture of hydrocarbon gases with a composition typical of the composition of petroleum gas and containing 78% methane was used as a gas-hydrate-forming model medium. It was found that in concentrations of 0.005, 0.0065 and 0.008%, dextran, NaCMC and arabinogalactan as thermodynamic inhibitors exceed methanol by 170-270 times in inhibitory properties. Dextran is superior to NaCMC and arabinogalactan in terms of inhibition efficiency, reduction of gas hydrate formation rate and induction time. Since with an increase in the concentration of polysaccharides, the pressure drop of gas hydrate formation increases and the rate of formation of gas hydrates decreases according to the mechanism of action, the studied polysaccharides can be attributed to both thermodynamic and kinetic inhibitors. It is established that the molecular weight of water-soluble polysaccharides has a significant effect on their inhibitory properties. A polysaccharide with a molecular weight of 250,000 demonstrated the highest inhibitory activity among the studied samples of NaCMC, which is 400 times more effective than methanol. NaCMC with a mass of 700 thousand did not have any effect on the formation of hydrates. Among the ethanolammonium salts, the monoethanolammonium salt CMC showed the greatest effectiveness in inhibiting the formation of tetrahydrofuran hydrates. An increase in its concentration from 0.02 to 0.1% leads to an increase in the induction time required for the nucleation and subsequent growth of crystals by 10 times. When switching from mono - to di - and triethanolammonium salts of carboxymethylcellulose, the inhibition efficiency decreases. It is shown that sodium and ethanolammonium salts of carboxymethylcellulose, arabinogalactan and dextran are promising for creating new "green" highly effective inhibitors of gas hydrate formation on their basis. The results of laboratory and field tests of the preparative form of the "green" gas hydrate formation inhibitor at the fields of Western Siberia are presented. It was found that at dosages of 500 g/m3 or less, there is no formation of hydrate plugs in the annulus of wells.

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Baharun, N. N. S., M. A. Mingsukang, M. H. Buraidah, H. J. Woo e A. K. Arof. "Electrical Properties of Plasticized Sodium-Carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) Based Polysulfide Solid Polymer Electrolyte". In 2018 20th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icton.2018.8473830.

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Obra, Johndel, James Quin Maranan, Denise Faye Lensoco e Terence Tumolva. "Synthesis and Characterization of NaCMC/HEC/ Activated Carbon Hydrogel Composites for the Desalination of Seawater". In 7th GoGreen Summit 2021. Technoarete, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36647/978-93-92106-02-6.16.

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Current available methods for water desalination are energy intensive, expensive, and not feasible for small-scale applications. As an alternative, hydrogels and hydrogel composites may be utilized both as draw agent and semi-permeable membrane to desalinate water via forward osmosis. In this study, a non-toxic, biodegradable, and low-cost hydrogel composite is prepared by adding activated carbon (AC) as filler to a 3:1 blend of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), with citric acid as crosslinking agent. A one factor-at-a-time (OFAT) analysis was performed to correlate the crosslinker concentration, crosslinking duration, and AC content to the swelling and desalination efficiency of the CMC/HEC/AC hydrogel composite. Results showed that the swelling of the hydrogel varies directly with the crosslinking duration but varies inversely with the crosslinking concentration. The experiments also showed that the addition of AC as filler significantly improves the desalination efficiency of the hydrogel composite; however, it was also observed that efficiency is reduced if the AC content is excessive.

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Hartmann, Kim, Julia Krüger, Jörg Frommer e Andreas Wendemuth. "NaLMC". In ICMI '15: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MULTIMODAL INTERACTION. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2818346.2820772.

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Wang, Weinong, Hengzheng Wei e Yang Xia. "Research on performance evaluation of non-arm coordinate measuring machine (NACMM)". In Photonics Asia 2010, a cura di Kevin Harding, Peisen S. Huang e Toru Yoshizawa. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.871710.

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Forsberg, Charles, Daniel Stack e Patrick McDaniel. "Nuclear Air-Brayton Combined Cycles Using Electrically-Heated Conductive Firebrick Heat Storage and Hydrogen for Peak Power". In 2021 28th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone28-64638.

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Abstract A low-carbon world needs a replacement for the combined-cycle gas turbine to provide variable heat and electricity. We describe a nuclear combined cycle gas turbine (NACC) with a thermodynamic topping cycle where the high-temperature heat is provided by an electrically-heated thermal energy storage system or hydrogen. During base-load operations the NACC compressed air is heated up to 700°C with heat from a high-temperature nuclear reactor to produce electricity. At times of low electricity prices, electricity from the NACC and the grid is converted into high-temperature stored heat in the form of hot firebrick. At times of high electricity prices compressed air is heated up to 700°C by the reactor and then further heated by sending the compressed air through hot firebrick to heat the air up to 1427°C before going through the turbine and heat recovery steam generator to produce added peak electricity. The round-trip electricity-to-heat-storage-to-electricity efficiency is above 70%; that is, if one unit of electricity is sent to heat storage, more than 0.7 units of peak electricity are returned. The enabling technology is a new doped electrically-conductive firebrick that enables conversion of electricity to very-high-temperature stored heat. Stored heat addresses daily variations in demand. Hydrogen can be used for long-term seasonal energy storage but at lower peak electricity efficiency because the efficiency of the electricity-to-hydrogen conversion step is near 75% versus near 100% for electricity-to-heat.

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Forsberg, Charles, e Daniel Curtis. "Nuclear Air-Brayton Combined Cycle (NACC) With Natural Gas Peak Power". In ASME 2013 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2013-98119.

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The Fluoride-Salt-Cooled High-Temperature Reactor (FHR) is a new reactor concept that uses the graphite-matrix coated-particle fuel from gas-cooled reactors and a high-temperature liquid salt coolant. The reactor exit temperatures exceed 700°C with reactor inlet temperatures of ∼600°C. Because of these high temperatures the FHR can be coupled to a nuclear air-Brayton combined-cycle (NACC) plant with one or more air-Brayton turbines with hot exhaust directed to a steam recovery boiler. Under normal base-load operating conditions, air is compressed, heated using salt-air heat exchangers, passed through a turbine, and exhausted to a heat recovery boiler, and added electricity is made from the steam that is generated. The NACC can have one or more salt-to-air reheat stages. After air compression and nuclear heating, the hot compressed air is above the auto-ignition temperature of natural gas (NG). Natural gas can be injected to increase gas temperatures and produce peak power. Because the plant operates continuously as a base-load system connected to the grid and there is no need to control the fuel-to-air ratio, the peak power can be varied and increased rapidly. At times of low electricity prices, steam from the heat recovery boiler can be sold to industrial users at lower prices than they can generate it from NG but above its value for electricity generation. The incremental capital cost for peaking capabilities is less than the cost of stand-alone NG plants. There is the potential for the NG-to-electricity efficiencies exceeding those of stand-alone NG plants. These capabilities imply plant revenue 20 to 50% greater than from an equivalent base-load nuclear plant. The market requirements are being assessed to determine the requirements for the FHR and NACC power cycle. As a new-type of plant, much additional work is required to understand the design options and limitations.

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"PV-054 - TDAH Y CONSUMO DE TÓXICOS. A PROPÓSITO DE UN CASO." In 24 CONGRESO DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE PATOLOGÍA DUAL. SEPD, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17579/abstractbooksepd2022.pv054.

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Acude al centro de tratamiento de adicciones un varón de 19 años. AP orgánicos: NAMC. Síndrome alcohólico-fetal. Celiaco. No IQ. No otros datos de interés. Reconoce prácticas sexuales de riesgo. AP salud mental: TDAH diagnosticado con 5 años (seguimiento SM en USMC). Tendencia al aislamiento, rasgos anómalos de la personalidad. Realiza tratamiento farmacológico con: Lisdexanfetamina 1-0-0, Pregabalina 1-1-0-2. AF: Madre biológica alcohólica, dermatitis. Situación vital: Paciente adoptado (natural de Rusia). Padres separados. Alterna convivencia 15 días con cada uno. Ha terminado la ESO. Matriculado en un grado medio de electrónica (no acude a clase). Nunca ha trabajado (ingresos paternos). CI de 75 (discapacidad del 35%). No recibe prestaciones sociales. Reconoce situación de difícil convivencia con su madre y su nueva pareja. Tóxicos: Consumo de cannabis inicio a los 15 años(droga principal). También consumo de nicotina, alcohol, benzodiacepinas. Enfermedad actual: Acude motivado por proceso judicial tras robo a un menor y daños hacia él (condena de 2 años y trabajos a la comunidad). Reconoce que le gusta vivir al límite. Relaciona el consumo con actos delictivos unidos a ellos. Presenta falta de motivación y rasgos disociales de personalidad con falta de arrepentimiento de los hechos. Dificultades para afrontar las críticas. Discusión: Encontramos en este caso varios factores de riesgo de TDAH: Adopción, padres separados (ambiente). Síndrome alcohólico-fetal (perinatal). Además presenta conductas típicas de pacientes con TDAH: Dificultad en los estudios (inatención), prácticas sexuales de riesgo, conductas delictivas, consumo de tóxicos (impulsividad), dificultad en las relaciones con terceros, aislamiento (hiperactividad, impulsividad). Falta de autoestima y de motivación al cambio. Actualmente, mantiene consumo activo de cannabis, habiendo abandonado el consumo del resto de tóxicos. Resaltar la importancia de tratar el TDAH en este tipo de pacientes con fármacos estimulantes de vida media larga o con fármacos no estimulantes, para evitar un potencial abuso.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "NaCMC"

Lang, Eric L., Daniel G. Youpa, Sandi Berman e John S. Leggitt. Adjudication Decision Support (ADS) System Automated Approval Estimates for NACLC Investigations. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, maggio 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada467763.

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Murdock, Peter H. U.S. Army Nursing Readiness: A Field Administration of the Readiness Estimate and Deployability Index (READI) in the North Atlantic Regional Medical Command (NARMC). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, maggio 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada420981.

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