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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Neutrons"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 25 luglio 2025

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1

SAHU, SARIRA. "MULTI-GeV NEUTRINOS DUE TO $n\bar n$ OSCILLATION IN GAMMA-RAY BURST FIREBALLS." Modern Physics Letters A 22, no. 40 (2007): 3065–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021773230702378x.

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The long and short gamma-ray bursts are believed to be produced due to collapse of massive stars and merger of compact binaries respectively. All these objects are rich in neutron and the jet outflow from these objects must have a neutron component in it. By postulating the [Formula: see text] oscillation in the gamma-ray burst fireball, we show that, 19–38 GeV neutrinos and anti-neutrinos can be produced due to annihilation of anti-neutrons with the background neutrons. These neutrinos and anti-neutrinos will be produced before the 5–10 GeV neutrinos due to dynamical decoupling of neutrons fr

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2

Daywitt, William C. "The Neutrino Decay of the Free Neutron and the Neutrino Structure According to the Planck Vacuum Theory." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 6, no. 5 (2021): 73–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2021.6.5.2524.

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   The Planck vacuum (PV) theory derives equations for the neutrino and antineutrino, and relates them to the unstable free neutron and antineutron. Remarkably, these neu- trons and neutrinos share the same wavefunction solutions that describe the proton and electron and their antiparticle cores. The neutrino and antineutrino are chargeless and massless; so their propagation through matter goes unnoticed, making these neutrinos invisible. The equations to follow that describe these pseudo-particles are the theoretical embodiment of the circa 1930 Pauli neutrino hypothes

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3

Daywitt, William C. "The Neutrino Decay of the Free Neutron and the Neutrino Structure According to the Planck Vacuum Theory." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 6, no. 5 (2021): 73–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2021.6.5.2524.

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   The Planck vacuum (PV) theory derives equations for the neutrino and antineutrino, and relates them to the unstable free neutron and antineutron. Remarkably, these neu- trons and neutrinos share the same wavefunction solutions that describe the proton and electron and their antiparticle cores. The neutrino and antineutrino are chargeless and massless; so their propagation through matter goes unnoticed, making these neutrinos invisible. The equations to follow that describe these pseudo-particles are the theoretical embodiment of the circa 1930 Pauli neutrino hypothes

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4

Bondar, Aleksandr, Alexey Buzulutskov, Aleksandr Burdakov, et al. "Proposal for Neutron Scattering Systems for Calibration of Dark Matter Search and Low-Energy Neutrino Detectors." Siberian Journal of Physics 8, no. 3 (2013): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.54362/1818-7919-2013-8-3-27-38.

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The proposal of two neutron scattering systems for calibration of two-phase cryogenic avalanche detectors with high sensitivity being developed at Budker INP is presented. This kind of detectors is designed for the search of dark matter and low energy neutrino detection, in particular, coherent neutrino scattering on nuclei. Detector calibration is made with a measurement of ionization yield and scintillation quenching factor for low energy recoiling nuclei (in 0.5 to 100 keV range) originating from elastic scattering of neutrons. To provide wide range of recoiling nuclei energies two systems

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5

Chakraborty, Sabyasachi, Aritra Gupta, and Miguel Vanvlasselaer. "Anomaly induced cooling of neutron stars: a Standard Model contribution." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2023, no. 10 (2023): 030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2023/10/030.

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Abstract Young neutron stars cool via the emission of neutrinos from their core. A precise understanding of all the different processes producing neutrinos in the hot and degenerate matter is essential for assessing the cooling rate of such stars. The main Standard Model processes contributing to this effect are ν bremsstrahlung, mURCA among others. In this paper, we investigate another Standard Model process initiated by the Wess-Zumino-Witten term, leading to the emission of neutrino pairs via Nγ → Nνν̅. We find that for proto-neutron stars, such processes with degenerate neutrons can be com

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6

Aitkulov, M. T., D. S. Dyussambayev, N. K. Romanova, et al. "Measurement of the spatial-energy distribution of neutrons in the irradiation channel of the critical facility." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2155, no. 1 (2022): 012021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2155/1/012021.

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Abstract One of the basic installations of the Republican State Enterprise “Institute of Nuclear Physics” of the Ministry of Energy of the Republic of Kazakhstan is a critical assembly, which is a zero-power reactor. Desalinated water and beryllium serve as moderators and neutrons reflectors. The energy spectrum of neutrons in the core is thermal. The main purpose and area of application is the modeling and study of the neutronic characteristics of the cores of water-moderated research reactors of various types. The paper presents the results of experimental measurements of the spatial-energy

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7

Hargrove, C. K., and D. J. Paterson. "Solar-neutrino neutral-current detection methods in the Sudbury neutrino observatory." Canadian Journal of Physics 69, no. 11 (1991): 1309–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p91-196.

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The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory will study the solar-neutrino problem through the detection of charged-current (CC), neutral-current (NC), and elastic-scattering (ES) interactions of solar neutrinos with heavy water. The measurement of the NC rate relative to the CC rate provides a nearly model-independent method of observing neutrino oscillations. The NC interaction breaks up the deuteron producing a neutron and a proton. The interaction rate in the original design is measured by observing Čerenkov light from showers produced by neutron-capture γ rays from the capture of the NC neutrons by a

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8

Mangan, M. A., C. L. Ruiz, G. W. Cooper, G. A. Chandler, and D. J. Ampleford. "Inferring neutron yields using indium activation samples for small fractions of tritium added to deuterium fuel in inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments." Review of Scientific Instruments 93, no. 10 (2022): 103514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0101823.

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In inertial confinement fusion experiments, the neutron yield is an important metric for thermonuclear fusion performance. Neutron activation diagnostics can be used to infer neutron yields. The material used for neutron activation diagnostic undergoes a threshold reaction so that only neutrons having energies above the threshold energy are observed. For thermonuclear experiments using deuterium (D) and tritium (T) fuel constituents, neutrons arising from D + D reactions (DD-neutrons) and neutrons resulting from D + T reactions (DT-neutrons) are of primary interest. Indium has two neutron acti

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9

Shinoki, Masataka. "Measurement of cosmogenic neutron production in SK-Gd." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2156, no. 1 (2021): 012187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2156/1/012187.

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Abstract The Super-Kamiokande-Gd (SK-Gd) experiment has started after adding the gadolinium (Gd) into ultra-pure water in the SK detector. SK-Gd dramatically improves the sensitivity to supernova relic neutrino searches by tagging neutrons. Cosmic-ray muons penetrating into the SK detector induce hadronic showers. Such muon often break oxygen nuclei in water and produce unstable radioactive isotopes and neutrons, which are major background sources for supernova relic neutrino searches. On the other hand, the cosmogenic neutrons produced by muons can be used for the detector calibration source.

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10

Biekert, A., C. Chang, L. Chaplinsky, et al. "A portable and monoenergetic 24 keV neutron source based on ¹²⁴Sb-⁹Be photoneutrons and an iron filter." Journal of Instrumentation 18, no. 07 (2023): P07018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/07/p07018.

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Abstract A portable monoenergetic 24 keV neutron source based on the 124Sb-9Be photoneutron reaction and an iron filter has been constructed and characterized. The coincidence of the neutron energy from SbBe and the low interaction cross-section with iron (mean free path up to 29 cm) makes pure iron specially suited to shield against gamma rays from 124Sb decays while letting through the neutrons. To increase the 124Sb activity and thus the neutron flux, a >1 GBq 124Sb source was produced by irradiating a natural Sb metal pellet with a high flux of thermal neutrons in a nuclear reactor. The

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11

Leinson, Lev B. "Hybrid cooling of the Cassiopeia A neutron star." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 511, no. 4 (2022): 5843–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac448.

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ABSTRACT The observed rapid cooling of the neutron star Cassiopeia A is usually interpreted as being caused by transitions of neutrons and protons in the star’s core from the normal state to the superfluid and superconducting state. However, this so-called ‘minimal’ cooling paradigm faces the problem of numerically simulating the observed anomalously fast drop in the neutron star surface temperature using theoretical neutrino energy losses from superfluid neutrons. As a solution to this problem, I propose a somewhat more complex cooling model, in which, in addition to superfluid neutrons, dire

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12

Grenci, N., D. Cortes, and M. Flaska. "Design of an epithermal neutron velocity selection system for the Penn State Breazeale Reactor." Journal of Instrumentation 18, no. 06 (2023): P06035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/06/p06035.

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Abstract A series of mechanical neutron choppers to operate as a velocity selection system have been developed for the Pennsylvania State Breazeal Reactor (PSBR). This chopper system will provide pulsed epithermal neutrons in the energy range of 0.5–40 eV with 2% or better energy resolution, and with a transmission of 1E-6 or better. Four different chopper geometries have been evaluated for their utility as mechanical neutron choppers. Specifically, Fermi, ring, piston, and disc choppers have been evaluated to assess their potential neutronics performance and mechanical constructability. A ser

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13

Zhou, Xue Mei, Gui Min Liu, and Ya Fen Liu. "Study on Neutron Energy Spectrum in the TMSR." Applied Mechanics and Materials 239-240 (December 2012): 287–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.239-240.287.

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Neutron energy spectrum has a high correlation with all kinds of nuclear processes in nuclear reactor. Neutron energy spectrums of the TMSR in some conditions were simulated using MCNP5.The distributions of thermal neutrons, epithermal and resonance neutrons, and fast neutrons in axial and radial were simulated, respectively. The simulation results indicate that thermal neutrons have a high ratio and control rods inserting the nuclear reactor have a serious effect on neutron distribution. The study of neutron energy spectrum is theoretical basis for measurement in the TMSR.

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14

Kulikov, Gennady G., Anatoly N. Shmelev, Vladimir A. Apse, and Evgeny G. Kulikov. "On a significant slowing-down of the kinetics of fast transient processes in a fast reactor." Nuclear Energy and Technology 6, no. 4 (2020): 295–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nucet.6.60379.

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The kinetics of nuclear reactors is determined by the average neutron lifetime. When the inserted reactivity is more than the effective delayed neutron fraction, the reactor kinetics becomes very rapid. It is possible to slow down the fast reactor kinetics by increasing the neutron lifetime. The authors consider the possibility of using the lead isotope, 208Pb, as a neutron reflector with specific properties in a lead-cooled fast reactor. To analyze the emerging effects in a reactor of this type, a point kinetics model was selected, which takes into account neutrons returning from the 208Pb re

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15

Ghosh, Sayan, Abhijit Bandyopadhyay, Pijushpani Bhattacharjee, Sovan Chakraborty, Kamales Kar, and Satyajit Saha. "Simulation of Nuclear Recoils due to Supernova Neutrino-induced Neutrons in Liquid Xenon Detectors." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2156, no. 1 (2021): 012135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2156/1/012135.

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Abstract Neutrinos from supernova (SN) bursts can give rise to detectable number of nuclear recoil (NR) events through the coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEυNS) process in large scale liquid xenon detectors designed for direct dark matter search, depending on the SN progenitor mass and distance. Here we show that in addition to the direct NR events due to CEvNS process, the SN neutrinos can give rise to additional nuclear recoils due to the elastic scattering of neutrons produced through inelastic interaction of the neutrinos with the xenon nuclei. We find that the contribution

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16

Ho, Wynn C. G., Craig O. Heinke, Daniel J. Patnaude, Peter S. Shternin, and Dmitry G. Yakovlev. "Hottest Superfluid and Superconductor in the Universe: Lessons from the Cooling of the Cassiopeia A Neutron Star." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 7, S285 (2011): 337–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921312000981.

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AbstractThe cooling rate of young neutron stars gives direct insight into their internal makeup. Using Chandra observations of the 330-year-old Cassiopeia A supernova remnant, we find that the temperature of the youngest-known neutron star in the Galaxy has declined by 4% over the last 10 years. The decline is explained naturally by superconductivity and superfluidity of the protons and neutrons in the stellar core. The protons became superconducting early in the life of the star and suppressed the early cooling rate; the neutron star thus remained hot before the (recent) onset of neutron supe

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17

Kulikov, Gennady G., Anatoly N. Shmelev, Vladimir A. Apse, and Evgeny G. Kulikov. "On a significant slowing-down of the kinetics of fast transient processes in a fast reactor." Nuclear Energy and Technology 6, no. (4) (2020): 295–98. https://doi.org/10.3897/nucet.6.60379.

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Abstract (sommario):

The kinetics of nuclear reactors is determined by the average neutron lifetime. When the inserted reactivity is more than the effective delayed neutron fraction, the reactor kinetics becomes very rapid. It is possible to slow down the fast reactor kinetics by increasing the neutron lifetime. The authors consider the possibility of using the lead isotope, <sup>208</sup>Pb, as a neutron reflector with specific properties in a lead-cooled fast reactor. To analyze the emerging effects in a reactor of this type, a point kinetics model was selected, which takes into account neutrons returning from t

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18

Shchepkin, Yu G., V. I. Slisenko, E. A. Pavlenko, and T. A. Kostyuk. "Research of neutron interaction with matter under high density interaction. Part I. Cross section of the neutron interaction with matter under high density interaction." Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy 13, no. 1 (2012): 22–27. https://doi.org/10.15407/jnpae2012.01.022.

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Neutrons interaction with matter under high density interactions (DI) was considered. It was shown that under neutron cross section measurement with high DI and production as result of interaction neutrons with matter of the second states with great value of such parameters as neutrons cross section, yield and life time probability of the interaction neutron with matter depends on DI and considered parameters. The expressions, related neutrons transmission, cross section and change of the neutrons transmission through the samples pair from different matters, which simultaneously placed on neut

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19

Abe, K., Y. Haga, Y. Hayato, et al. "Neutron tagging following atmospheric neutrino events in a water Cherenkov detector." Journal of Instrumentation 17, no. 10 (2022): P10029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/10/p10029.

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Abstract We present the development of neutron-tagging techniques in Super-Kamiokande IV using a neural network analysis. The detection efficiency of neutron capture on hydrogen is estimated to be 26%, with a mis-tag rate of 0.016 per neutrino event. The uncertainty of the tagging efficiency is estimated to be 9.0%. Measurement of the tagging efficiency with data from an Americium-Beryllium calibration agrees with this value within 10%. The tagging procedure was performed on 3,244.4 days of SK-IV atmospheric neutrino data, identifying 18,091 neutrons in 26,473 neutrino events. The fitted neutr

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20

Ozawa, Naohiro. "The Emergence of Weak Interaction." Hyperscience International Journals 2, no. 3 (2022): 108–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.55672/hij2022pp108-114.

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The view of the Standard Model on the β decay of neutrons through weak interaction is that neutrons break down ‎to form ‎protons P and weak bosons W^- and finally into protons‎, electron and anti-electron neutrinos. The three ‎quarks (U,d,d) that ‎compose neutrons are joined by strong interaction, so bonds formed by strong interaction ‎supposedly cannot be broken ‎by weak interaction, which is far weaker than strong interaction. Nevertheless, ‎neutrons do decay. Further, the three ‎quarks (U,d,d) that form neutrons are fundamental particles, and it should ‎not be possible for other fundamental

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21

Usoskin, I. G., G. A. Kovaltsov, H. Kananen, and P. Tanskanen. "The World Neutron Monitor Network as a tool for the study of solar neutrons." Annales Geophysicae 15, no. 4 (1997): 375–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-997-0375-9.

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Abstract. The use of the World Neutron Monitor Network to detect high-energy solar neutrons is discussed in detail. It is shown that the existing network can be used for the routine detection of intense sporadic solar-neutron events whenever they occur. A technique is suggested involving the weighted summation of responses of separate monitors to solar neutrons. It is demonstrated that the use of this method improves the significance of solar-neutron event detection. Different results of the simulation of the neutron-monitor sensitivity to solar neutrons have been tested with respect to their

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22

Šagátová, Andrea, Marko Fülöp, Andrej Novák, et al. "Conversion of fast neutrons for neutron radiography with TPX2 detector." Nukleonika 69, no. 2 (2024): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/nuka-2024-0020.

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Abstract The Timepix2-based hybrid-pixel detector with a 500 μm thick silicon sensor was employed for fast-neutrons registration to be applied in neutron radiography of metallic printed circuit heat exchanger (PCHE). Two energies of neutrons were experimentally tested. The detection of 3.55 MeV neutrons from the deuteron–deuteron (DD) reaction was compared to 15.7 MeV neutrons from the deuteron–tritium (DT) neutron generator. In order to distinguish the signal induced by the registered neutrons from the accelerator background, filtration of the recorded particle spectral tracks was applied. Th

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23

Bedenko, Sergey V., Vladimir V. Knyshev, Mariya Ye Kuznetsova, Igor O. Lutsik, and Igor V. Shamanin. "Peculiarities of the radiation formation in dispersed microencapsulated nuclear fuel." Nuclear Energy and Technology 5, no. 1 (2019): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nucet.5.33978.

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A computational study has been performed for various options of the thorium reactor core loading. Neutronic studies of fuel have been conducted, its isotopic composition has been calculated, and the alpha emitters and the sources of neutron and photon radiation in the microencapsulated nuclear fuel have been analyzed. The studies had the purpose of developing the methodology used to estimate the radiation characteristics of nuclear fuel with a complex inner structure. Emphasis is placed on calculating the quantitative and spectral composition of the neutrons formed as the result of (a, n) reac

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Bedenko, Sergey V., Vladimir V. Knyshev, Mariya Ye. Kuznetsova, Igor O. Lutsik, and Igor V. Shamanin. "Peculiarities of the radiation formation in dispersed microencapsulated nuclear fuel." Nuclear Energy and Technology 5, no. (1) (2019): 23–29. https://doi.org/10.3897/nucet.5.33978.

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A computational study has been performed for various options of the thorium reactor core loading. Neutronic studies of fuel have been conducted, its isotopic composition has been calculated, and the alpha emitters and the sources of neutron and photon radiation in the microencapsulated nuclear fuel have been analyzed. The studies had the purpose of developing the methodology used to estimate the radiation characteristics of nuclear fuel with a complex inner structure. Emphasis is placed on calculating the quantitative and spectral composition of the neutrons formed as the result of (a, n) reac

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25

Mahdavi, Mohammad, and Maryam Shahbahrami. "Multiplication of Fast Neutrons Source Flux by Using Deuterium-Helium-3 Plasma." ISRN High Energy Physics 2013 (May 30, 2013): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/689739.

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The production of fast neutrons source is examined by using a thermal neutron flux inside plasma. In order to reach a favorable yield of fast neutrons flux, the parameters such as energy loss rate, reaction probability, and neutron absorption length are calculated. The nuclear conversion efficiency, , of thermal neutron to fast neutrons is obtained to be by calculating the physical parameters for the plasma designed.

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Mumpower, Matthew R., Tsung-Shung H. Lee, Nicole Lloyd-Ronning, et al. "Let There Be Neutrons! Hadronic Photoproduction from a Large Flux of High-energy Photons." Astrophysical Journal 982, no. 2 (2025): 81. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adb1e3.

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Abstract We propose that neutrons may be generated in high-energy, high-flux photon environments via photo-induced reactions on pre-existing baryons. These photohadronic interactions are expected to occur in astrophysical jets and surrounding material. Historically, these reactions have been attributed to the production of high-energy cosmic rays and neutrinos. We estimate the photoproduction off of protons in the context of gamma-ray bursts, where it is expected there will be sufficient baryonic material that may be encompassing or entrained in the jet. We show that typical stellar baryonic m

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Ma, Baolong, Yujiro Ikeda, Yoshie Otake, et al. "Slab geometry type cold neutron moderator development based on neutronic study for Riken Accelerator-driven compact Neutron Source (RANS)." EPJ Web of Conferences 231 (2020): 04004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202023104004.

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Cold neutrons with energy less than several meV are good probes for material research, and they have been available on large neutron facilities, whereas it is not commonly available on compact accelerator-driven neutron source. RIKEN Accelerator-driven Neutron Source (RANS) is a pulsed neutron facility which provides thermal neutrons and high energy neutrons at several MeV. We started a project to implement a cold neutron moderator for RANS to broaden cold neutrons applications. A cold neutron moderator system with a mesitylene moderator at 20K and a polyethylene pre-moderator at room temperat

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Chen, Zekun, Konstantin Kouzakov, Yu-Feng Li, Vadim Shakhov, Konstantin Stankevich, and Alexander Studenikin. "Collective neutrino oscillations in moving and polarized matter." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2156, no. 1 (2021): 012180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2156/1/012180.

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Abstract We consider neutrino evolution master equations in dense moving and polarized matter consisted of electrons, neutrons, protons and neutrinos. We also take into account the neutrino magnetic moment interaction with a magnetic field. We point out the mechanisms responsible for the neutrino spin precession and provide the expressions for the corresponding interaction Hamiltonians that should be taken into account in theoretical treatments of collective neutrino oscillations.

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Kotila, Jenni. "Rare weak decays and neutrino mass." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2453, no. 1 (2023): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2453/1/012012.

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Abstract The question whether neutrinos are Majorana fermions (i.e., their own anti-particles) remains among the most fundamental open questions of subatomic physics. If neutrinos are Majorana particles it would revolutionize our understanding of physics. Although neutrinoless double beta decay, 0νββ, was proposed more than 80 years ago to establish the nature of neutrinos, it remains the most sensitive probe into the non-conservation of lepton number. 0νββ-decay is a postulated extremely slow and yet unobserved radioactive process in which two neutrons (or protons) inside a nucleus transform

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Khalimonchuk, V. A. "Mid-Weighed Kinetic Parameters for Use in the Two-Group Diffusion Model of Reactor Dynamics with Fuel Based on a Mixture of Fission Isotopes." Nuclear and Radiation Safety, no. 1(81) (March 12, 2019): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.32918/nrs.2019.1(81).10.

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In the model of reactor kinetics based on the description of neutron transport in the two-group diffusion approximation, the number of equations describing the change in the concentration of delayed neutron precursors depends not only on the number of groups of delayed neutrons, but also on the number of fissile isotopes present in nuclear fuel. Since each isotope is characterized by six groups of delayed neutrons, the total number of differential equations describing concentrations of delayed neutron precursors is equal to the product of the number of fissile isotopes (M) and the number of gr

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Roberts, Joyce A. "The Manuel Lujan Jr. Neutron Scattering Center." MRS Bulletin 22, no. 9 (1997): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400033996.

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In October 1986, the neutron scattering facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory became a national user facility and a formal user program was initiated in 1988. In July 1989, this facility was dedicated as the Manuel Lujan Jr. Neutron Scattering Center (Lujan Center) in honor of the long-term Congress representative from New Mexico. The Lujan Center, part of the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE), is a pulsed spallation neutron source equipped with time-of-flight neutron-scattering spectrometers for condensed-matter research. Neutron scattering is a powerful technique for probing th

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Broussard, L. J., K. M. Bailey, W. B. Bailey, et al. "New search for mirror neutron regeneration." EPJ Web of Conferences 219 (2019): 07002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201921907002.

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The possibility of relatively fast neutron oscillations into a mirror neutron state is not excluded experimentally when a mirror magnetic field is considered. Direct searches for the disappearance of neutrons into mirror neutrons in a controlled magnetic field have previously been performed using ultracold neutrons, with some anomalous results reported. We describe a technique using cold neutrons to perform a disappearance and regeneration search, which would allow us to unambiguously identify a possible oscillation signal. An experiment using the existing General Purpose-Small Angle Neutron S

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Tingsuwatit, A., A. Maity, S. J. Grenadier, J. Li, J. Y. Lin, and H. X. Jiang. "Boron nitride neutron detector with the ability for detecting both thermal and fast neutrons." Applied Physics Letters 120, no. 23 (2022): 232103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0093591.

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The detection of fast neutrons is regarded technically challenging because the interaction probability of fast neutron with matter is extremely low. Based on our recent development of hexagonal boron nitride (BN) semiconductor thermal neutron detectors with a record high efficiency of 59%, we report here the feasibility studies of BN detectors for detecting fast neutrons. A BN detector with a detection area of 2.1 cm2 was fabricated from a 90 μm thick BN epilayer. In the presence of a bare Cf-252 source emitting fast neutrons ranging from 1 to 9 MeV, the detection efficiency was estimated to b

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34

Kulikov, G. G., A. N. Shmelev, and V. A. Apse. "Improving Nuclear Safety of Fast Reactors by Slowing Down Fission Chain Reaction." International Journal of Nuclear Energy 2014 (October 16, 2014): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/373726.

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Light materials with small atomic mass (light or heavy water, graphite, and so on) are usually used as a neutron reflector and moderator. The present paper proposes using a new, heavy element as neutron moderator and reflector, namely, “radiogenic lead” with dominant content of isotope 208Pb. Radiogenic lead is a stable natural lead. This isotope is characterized by extremely low micro cross-section of radiative neutron capture (~0.23 mb) for thermal neutrons, which is smaller than graphite and deuterium cross-sections. The reflector-converter for a fast reactor core is the structure capable o

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35

Kasilov, Valentin, Sergey Gokov, Sergiy Kalenik, et al. "Concept of Neutron Source Creation for Nuclear Medicine on the Basis of Linear Electron Accelerator." 4, no. 4 (December 10, 2021): 160–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.26565/2312-4334-2021-4-21.

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We review the current status of the development of sources of epithermal neutrons sources based on reactors and accelerators for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), a promising method of malignant tumor treatment. The scheme is proposed of the source prototype for the production of thermal and epithermal neutrons using the delayed neutrons generated with help of linear electron accelerator at the target containing the fissile material. The results of an experiment are presented in which the half-life curves of radioactive nuclei formed during fission and emitting delayed neutrons are measure

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36

Hälg, Roger Antoine, and Uwe Schneider. "Neutron dose and its measurement in proton therapy—current State of Knowledge." British Journal of Radiology 93, no. 1107 (2020): 20190412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20190412.

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Abstract (sommario):

Proton therapy has shown dosimetric advantages over conventional radiation therapy using photons. Although the integral dose for patients treated with proton therapy is low, concerns were raised about late effects like secondary cancer caused by dose depositions far away from the treated area. This is especially true for neutrons and therefore the stray dose contribution from neutrons in proton therapy is still being investigated. The higher biological effectiveness of neutrons compared to photons is the main cause of these concerns. The gold-standard in neutron dosimetry is measurements, but

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37

Hälg, Roger Antoine, and Uwe Schneider. "Neutron dose and its measurement in proton therapy – Current State of Knowledge." British Journal of Radiology 93, no. 1107 (2020): 20190412. https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-181386.

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Abstract (sommario):

Proton therapy has shown dosimetric advantages over conventional radiation therapy using photons. Although the integral dose for patients treated with proton therapy is low, concerns were raised about late effects like secondary cancer caused by dose depositions far away from the treated area. This is especially true for neutrons and therefore the stray dose contribution from neutrons in proton therapy is still being investigated. The higher biological effectiveness of neutrons compared to photons is the main cause of these concerns. The gold-standard in neutron dosimetry is measurements, but

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38

Andrianova, Olga N., Evgeniya S. Teplukhina, Gennady M. Zherdev, Zhanna V. Borovskaya, and Andrey P. Zhirnov. "Precision neutronic calculations of experiments on the neutron transmission through the reflector layers at the BFS critical facilities for expanding the verification database to justify lead cooled fast reactor designs." Nuclear Energy and Technology 6, no. 4 (2020): 269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nucet.6.60303.

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Abstract (sommario):

The paper presents the results of the efforts concerned with expanding the verification database and estimating the calculation uncertainty of the power density in the steel reflector of lead cooled fast reactor designs based on experiments performed in different years at the BFS critical assemblies by analyzing and revising earlier calculation and experimental studies on the transmission of neutrons through the steel reflector layers. The discussion includes experiments at the BFS-66 critical assembly to model neutron and photon fluxes in the reactor core shielding compositions, as well as ex

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39

Andrianova, Olga N., Evgeniya S. Teplukhina, Gennady M. Zherdev, Zhanna V. Borovskaya, and Andrey P. Zhirnov. "Precision neutronic calculations of experiments on the neutron transmission through the reflector layers at the BFS critical facilities for expanding the verification database to justify lead cooled fast reactor designs." Nuclear Energy and Technology 6, no. (4) (2020): 269–74. https://doi.org/10.3897/nucet.6.60303.

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Abstract (sommario):

The paper presents the results of the efforts concerned with expanding the verification database and estimating the calculation uncertainty of the power density in the steel reflector of lead cooled fast reactor designs based on experiments performed in different years at the BFS critical assemblies by analyzing and revising earlier calculation and experimental studies on the transmission of neutrons through the steel reflector layers. The discussion includes experiments at the BFS-66 critical assembly to model neutron and photon fluxes in the reactor core shielding compositions, as well as ex

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40

Kelly, Keegan J., Matthew Devlin, Jaime A. Gomez, et al. "Measurements of the Prompt Fission Neutron Spectrum at LANSCE: The Chi-Nu Experiment." EPJ Web of Conferences 193 (2018): 03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201819303003.

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Abstract (sommario):

The goal of the Chi-Nu experiment at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center is to measure the prompt fission neutron spectra from major actinides using a double time-of-flight method with a pulsed, white incoming neutron source. Fission events are detected with a parallel-plate avalanche counter and outgoing neutrons are detected with either a 6Li-glass or liquid scintillator detector array for low- or high-energy neutrons, respectively. A detector response matrix for the interaction of neutrons with the experimental environment for neutrons measured with the Chi-Nu 6Li-glass detector array has

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41

Konobeevski, E. S., M. V. Mordovskoy, I. M. Sharapov, S. I. Potashev, and S. V. Zuyev. "Extraction of neutron-neutron scattering length from nn coincidence-geometry nd breakup data." Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy 12, no. 1 (2011): 35–39. https://doi.org/10.15407/jnpae2011.01.035.

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Abstract (sommario):

We report preliminary results of a kinematically complete experiment on measurement of nd breakup reaction yield at neutron beam RADEX of Institute for Nuclear Research (Moscow, Russia). In the experiment two secondary neutrons are detected in geometry of neutron-neutron final-state interaction. Data are obtained at energy of incident neutrons En = 40 - 60 MeV for various divergence angles of two neutrons ΔΘ = 4, 6, 8°. 1S0 neutron-neutron scattering lengths ann were determined by comparison of the experimental dependence of reaction yield on the relative energy of two secondary neutrons with

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42

Mozafari Vanani, M. J., Y. Kasesaz, M. Hosseinipanah, and A. Akhound. "Collimated neutron beam design for TRR thermal column." Journal of Instrumentation 16, no. 12 (2021): P12023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/16/12/p12023.

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Abstract Tehran Research Reactor (TRR) is the main neutron source in Iran which can be used for different applications of neutrons such as neutron radiography and neutron therapy. TRR has a thermal column which can provide high intensity flux of thermal neutrons for users. The aim of this study is to design a neutron collimator for TRR thermal column to produce parallel neutron beam with suitable intensity of thermal neutrons. To achieve this goal, Monte Carlo code of MCNX has been used to evaluate different configurations, geometries and materials of neutron collimator. The results show that

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43

Namakonov, V., S. Andreyev, D. Gabbasov, A. Moseyeva, and D. Sergina. "MEASUREMENT OF 14 MEV NEUTRONS TRANSMISSION THROUGH LITHIUM HYDRIDE LAYERS WITH TIME-OF-FLIGHT METHOD." PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. SERIES: NUCLEAR AND REACTOR CONSTANTS 2020, no. 4 (2020): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.55176/2414-1038-2020-4-33-39.

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Abstract (sommario):

The results of experiments on transmission of 14 MeV neutrons through lithium hydride layers of thickness up to 25 cm are presented in the article. The measurements were performed with time-of-flight method on a pulse channel of neutron generator NG-12I. The operating mode of the neutron generator is pulse-periodic. Neutrons passing through the layers of Li hydrides were registered by detector based on a 70×70 mm stilbene crystal scintillator. NIM standard modules were used as measuring equipment. The neutron yield from the generator target was estimated by neutron monitor with a fluorine plas

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44

Morris, Elizabeth M., and J. David Cooper. "Density measurements in ice boreholes using neutron scattering." Journal of Glaciology 49, no. 167 (2003): 599–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756503781830403.

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AbstractThis paper describes the use of a neutron probe to measure detailed stratigraphy in ice and snow. The Wallingford neutron probe, developed for measurement of soil moisture, consists of an annular radioactive source of fast neutrons around the centre of a cylindrical detector for slow (thermal) neutrons. In snow and ice, the fast neutrons lose energy by scattering from hydrogen atoms, and the number of slow neutrons arriving at the detector (the count rate) is related to the density of the medium. Calibration equations for count rate as a function of snow density and borehole diameter h

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45

Potashev, S., Y. Burmistrov, A. Drachev, et al. "A Possibility of Detecting Fast Neutrons in a 10B Solid-gas Detector." KnE Energy 3, no. 1 (2018): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/ken.v3i1.1732.

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Abstract (sommario):

The possibility of detecting thermal and fast neutrons in 10B solid-gas detector is considered. The simulation of the neutron detection process shows a significant difference in the detector signals caused by neutrons of different energies. An experimental verification of the detector’s operation was performed using W-Be photoneutron source with different ratio of fast and thermal neutrons incident on the detector. The measured amplitude spectra of the signals for different neutron energies were compared with the simulation results. The qualitative agreement between experimental and calculated

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46

Fragopoulou, M., V. Konstantakos, M. Zamani, S. Siskos, T. Laopoulos, and G. Sarrabayrouse. "High sensitive depleted MOSFET-based neutron dosimetry." HNPS Proceedings 18 (November 23, 2019): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/hnps.2562.

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Abstract (sommario):

A new dosemeter based on a depleted Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor field effect transistor, sensitive to both neutrons and gamma radiation was manufactured at LAAS-CNRS Laboratory, Toulouse France. In order to be used for neutron dosimetry a thin film of lithium fluoride was deposited on the surface of the gate of the device. The characteristics of the dosemeter such as its response to neutron dose were investigated. The response in thermal neutrons was found to be high. In fast neutrons the response was lower than that of thermal neutrons but higher than the one presented in literature.

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47

GOLDBERG, HAIM. "TEV ANTINEUTRINOS FROM CYGNUS OB2." International Journal of Modern Physics A 20, no. 06 (2005): 1132–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x05024006.

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Abstract (sommario):

High energy cosmic ray experiments have identified an excess from the region of the Galactic Plane in a limited energy range around 1018 eV ( EeV ). This is very suggestive of neutrons as candidate primaries, because the directional signal requires relatively-stable neutral primaries, and time-dilated neutrons can reach Earth from typical Galactic distances when the neutron energy exceeds an EeV . We here point out that if the Galactic messengers are neutrons, then those with energies below an EeV will decay in flight, providing a flux of cosmic antineutrinos above a TeV which is observable at

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48

Kulikov, Gennady G., Anatoly N. Shmelev, Vladimir A. Apse, and Evgeny G. Kulikov. "Safety features of fast reactor with heavy atomic weight weakly neutron absorbing reflector." Nuclear Energy and Technology 6, no. 1 (2020): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nucet.6.50867.

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Abstract (sommario):

The purpose of the present study is the justification of the possibility of improving fast reactor safety by surrounding reactor cores with reflectors made of material with special neutron physics properties. Such properties of 208Pb lead isotope as heavy atomic weight, small neutron absorption cross section, and high inelastic scattering threshold result in certain peculiarities in neutron kinetics of the fast reactor equipped with 208Pb reflector, which can significantly enhance reactor safety. The reflector will also make possible generation of additional delayed neutrons characterized by t

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49

Kulikov, Gennady G., Anatoly N. Shmelev, Vladimir A. Apse, and Evgeny G. Kulikov. "Safety features of fast reactor with heavy atomic weight weakly neutron absorbing reflector." Nuclear Energy and Technology 6, no. (1) (2020): 15–21. https://doi.org/10.3897/nucet.6.50867.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

The purpose of the present study is the justification of the possibility of improving fast reactor safety by surrounding reactor cores with reflectors made of material with special neutron physics properties. Such properties of <sup>208</sup>Pb lead isotope as heavy atomic weight, small neutron absorption cross section, and high inelastic scattering threshold result in certain peculiarities in neutron kinetics of the fast reactor equipped with <sup>208</sup>Pb reflector, which can significantly enhance reactor safety. The reflector will also make possible generation of additional delayed neutr

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50

Delapalme, A. "Use of Extinction Corrections in Neutron Diffraction Experiments." Australian Journal of Physics 41, no. 3 (1988): 383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ph880383.

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Abstract (sommario):

The study of extinction by neutrons reveals many features of the extinction problem: theory and practical cases, polarised and unpolarised neutron cases. Special attention is given to the usual extinction corrections for neutron diffraction experiments, showing the relative importance of structure factor, wavelength, Lorentz factor, mosaic and the path of neutrons through the crystal. Two problems are reviewed: (a) how to detect the presence of extinction in both cases of a single crystal experiment with polarised and unpolarised neutrons; and (b) after experimental evidence for extinction in

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