Articoli di riviste: "Nitrate de calcium"

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Oliynyk, Mykola, e Anatoliy Shestozub. "Research of calcium oxide hydration in calcium nitrate solutions". Odes’kyi Politechnichnyi Universytet. Pratsi, n. 2 (20 agosto 2016): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15276/opu.2.49.2016.16.

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Amran, Ali. "PENENTUAN PENETRASI AIR DAN HIDROKARBON DARI KRISTAL CAIR LAMELAR DALAM SISTEM GARAM NITRAT, SIKLOHEKSANE DAN LAURIL ALKOHOL POLI ETER". Jurnal Riset Kimia 4, n. 1 (11 febbraio 2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jrk.v4i1.38.

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Abstract Water and hydrocarbon penetrations of the lamellar liquid crystal in nitrate salts (calcium and aluminium nitrates), cyclohexane, and lauryl alcohol polyether (LA4) system have been investigated. Liquid crystal phase which characterized using optical polarizing microscope and small-angle X-ray diffraction, showed a significantly the water and the hydrocarbon penetrations of aluminium nitrate and calcium nitrate solutions. Keywords: Lamellar liquid crystal, Optical polarizing microscope, Water and hydrocarbon penetration, Nitrate salts (calcium and aluminium nitrates), Lauryl alcohol polyether (LA4), Small-angle X-ray diffraction.

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FARQUHARSON, B. J., R. P. VORONEY, E. G. BEAUCHAMP e T. J. VYN. "THE USE OF CALCIUM NITRATE TO REDUCE PHYTOTOXIN ACCUMULATION DURING CROP RESIDUE DECOMPOSITION". Canadian Journal of Soil Science 70, n. 4 (1 novembre 1990): 723–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss90-074.

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This study examined the effects of calcium carbonate, calcium oxide and calcium nitrate on the production and accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and phenolic compounds (PCs) during soybean residue decomposition. Soil amended with calcium compounds, residue and water was incubated for 7 d at 25 °C. Measurements were made of VFAs, PCs, ammonium-N, nitrate-N and pH in a soil water extract. Accumulations of VFAs were significantly reduced by calcium nitrate amendment whereas both calcium carbonate and calcium oxide increased their accumulation. Accumulation of PCs followed the same trend but were not significantly different. The nitrate in the calcium nitrate amendment is suspected of promoting the oxidation of the products of residue decomposition via denitrification, by providing electron acceptors. In addition there was evidence of dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium, which would have contributed to soil buffering capacity and to detoxify accumulations of nitrite. Key words: Volatile fatty acids, phenolic compounds, phytotoxicity, denitrification, dissimilatory nitrate reduction

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Kirsh, Aleah J., Emma S. Juracic, Heather L. Petrick, Cynthia M. F. Monaco, Pierre-Andre Barbeau, A. Russell Tupling e Graham P. Holloway. "Dietary nitrate does not alter cardiac function, calcium handling proteins, or SERCA activity in the left ventricle of healthy rats". Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 45, n. 9 (settembre 2020): 1049–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2020-0078.

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Dietary nitrate has been shown to increase cytosolic calcium concentrations within the heart, which would necessitate greater calcium sequestration for relaxation. In the present study we demonstrate that while nitrate supplementation reduced blood pressure, calcium-handling protein content, sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca-ATPase 2a (SERCA) enzymatic properties, and left ventricular function were not altered. In addition, nitrite did not alter in vitro SERCA activity. Combined, these data suggest that in healthy rats, dietary nitrate does not increase left ventricle SERCA-related calcium-handling properties. Novelty Dietary nitrate decreases blood pressure but does not alter left ventricular calcium-handling protein content or SERCA activity in healthy rats.

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Zhao, Angran, Bowen Xiong, Yongqiang Han e Huiling Tong. "Thermal decomposition paths of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and calcium nitrite". Thermochimica Acta 714 (agosto 2022): 179264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2022.179264.

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Batal, K. M. "EFFECTS OF NITROGEN SOURCE, RATE, AND APPLICATION FREQUENCY ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF ONION". HortScience 26, n. 5 (maggio 1991): 490h—491. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.26.5.490h.

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Commercial N fertilizer formulations, ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrates (15-0-14 and 13-0-44) applied at 84 and 168 kg N/ha in 3 or 5 split applications did not affect total marketable yield of dry onion. Application frequencies causing an increase in total amount of N applied during the spring months (Feb.-Apr.) increased marketable yield by 5 MT/ha. Bulb decay was the highest when ammonium nitrate was applied, whereas the least number of decayed bulbs resulted from sodium nitrate applications. Plants grown with potassium nitrate (13-0-44) were most susceptible to cold injury. Ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate applications produced the highest percentage of onions that bolted. The lowest percentage of plants showing bolting incidence resulted from calcium nitrate applications. Bolting of onions was closely associated with rapid growth and increased onion size. However, cold injury and bulb decay were not influenced by these growth factors.

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Choi, Heesup, Masumi Inoue, Hyeonggil Choi, Jihoon Kim, Yuhji Sudoh, Sukmin Kwon, Bokyeong Lee e Akira Yoneyama. "Physicochemical Study on the Strength Development Characteristics of Cold Weather Concrete Using a Nitrite–Nitrate Based Accelerator". Materials 12, n. 17 (23 agosto 2019): 2706. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12172706.

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There has recently been an increased use of anti-freezing agents that are primarily composed of salt- and alkali-free calcium nitrite (Ca(NO2)2) and calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2) to promote the hydration reaction of concrete in cold weather concreting. Nitrite–nitrate based accelerators accelerate the hydration of C3A and C3S in cement more quickly when their quantities are increased, thereby boosting the concrete’s early strength and effectively preventing early frost damage. However, the connection between the hydrate formation behavior and the strength development characteristic over time has yet to be clearly identified. Therefore, in this study, a wide range of physicochemical reviews were carried out to clarify the relationship between the hydrate formation behavior and the strength development characteristics, both at an early age and at later ages, which results from the addition of nitrite–nitrate based accelerators to concrete in varying amounts. These accelerators also act as anti-freezing agents. The results show that an increased quantity of nitrite–nitrate based accelerators caused an increase in the early strength of the concrete. This was due to the formation of nitrite and nitrate hydrates in large amounts, in addition to ettringite containing SO42, which is generated during the hydration reaction of normal Portland cement at an early age. On the other hand, at later ages, there was a rise in nitrite and nitrate hydrates with needle crystal structures exhibiting brittle fracture behavior. A decrease in C–S–H gel and Ca(OH)2 hydrates, deemed to have caused a decline in strength on Day 3 and thereafter, was also observed.

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Yoneyama, Akira, Heesup Choi, Masumi Inoue, Jihoon Kim, Myungkwan Lim e Yuhji Sudoh. "Effect of a Nitrite/Nitrate-Based Accelerator on the Strength Development and Hydrate Formation in Cold-Weather Cementitious Materials". Materials 14, n. 4 (20 febbraio 2021): 1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14041006.

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Recently, there has been increased use of calcium-nitrite and calcium-nitrate as the main components of chloride- and alkali-free anti-freezing agents to promote concrete hydration in cold weather concreting. As the amount of nitrite/nitrate-based accelerators increases, the hydration of tricalcium aluminate (C3A phase) and tricalcium silicate (C3S phase) in cement is accelerated, thereby improving the early strength of cement and effectively preventing initial frost damage. Nitrite/nitrate-based accelerators are used in larger amounts than usual in low temperature areas below −10 °C. However, the correlation between the hydration process and strength development in concrete containing considerable nitrite/nitrate-based accelerators remains to be clearly identified. In this study, the hydrate composition (via X-ray diffraction and nuclear magnetic resonance), pore structures (via mercury intrusion porosimetry), and crystal form (via scanning electron microscopy) were determined, and investigations were performed to elucidate the effect of nitrite/nitrate-based accelerators on the initial strength development and hydrate formation of cement. Nitrite/nitrate-AFm (aluminate-ferret-monosulfate; AFm) was produced in addition to ettringite at the initial stage of hydration of cement by adding a nitrite/nitrate-based accelerator. The amount of the hydrates was attributed to an increase in the absolute amounts of NO2− and NO3− ions reacting with Al2O3 in the tricalcium aluminate (C3A phase). Further, by effectively filling the pores, it greatly contributed to the enhancement of the strength of the hardened cement product, and the degree of the contribution tended to increase with the amount of addition. On the other hand, in addition to the occurrence of cracks due to the release of a large amount of heat of hydration, the amount of expansion and contraction may increase, and it is considered necessary to adjust the amount used for each concrete work.

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Srinivasa Reddy, V., Thoodi Prashanth, S. P. Raju V e P. Prashanth. "Effect of Organic and Inorganic Corrosion Inhibitors on Strength Properties of Concrete". E3S Web of Conferences 184 (2020): 01112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202018401112.

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In the current study, the M25 grade concrete mixes are admixed with various locally available organic and non-organic corrosion inhibitors such as Calcium Nitrite, Sodium Nitrite, Hexamine and Di-ethanolamine to understand the influence of these organic and non-organic corrosion inhibitors on the strength and corrosion resistance properties of concrete. The percentage dosage of admixed inhibitors vary from 1 to 5% by the weight of cement. For M25 grade concrete the optimum percentages of corrosion inhibitor admixture was found to be 4% for Calcium Nitrite, 3% for Sodium Nitrite, 2% for Hexamine and 3% for Di-ethanolamine. Calcium Nitrite corrosion inhibitor admixture imparts increased compressive, split- tensile and flexural strength than other corrosion inhibitors at 28 days. All the corrosion inhibitors used in the study have enhanced the compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength of concrete. The initial gain of early strength decreased due to anodic process of inhibitors. Measured electrical resistivity and half-cell potential values of all corrosion inhibitors admixed M25 grade concrete mixes directs that calcium nitrate and Di-ethanolamine have shown high electrical resistance indicating their superior corrosion inhibition ability than sodium nitrite and hexamine. Accelerated corrosion test on reinforced concrete beams admixed with corrosion inhibitors confirmed that possible inception of corrosion in calcium nitrate admixed reinforced concrete beams is very low when compared to other corrosion inhibitors used for the study.

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Baumbauer, Carol L., Payton J. Goodrich, Margaret E. Payne, Tyler Anthony, Claire Beckstoffer, Anju Toor, Whendee Silver e Ana Claudia Arias. "Printed Potentiometric Nitrate Sensors for Use in Soil". Sensors 22, n. 11 (28 maggio 2022): 4095. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22114095.

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Plant-available nitrogen, often in the form of nitrate, is an essential nutrient for plant growth. However, excessive nitrate in the environment and watershed has harmful impacts on natural ecosystems and consequently human health. A distributed network of nitrate sensors could help to quantify and monitor nitrogen in agriculture and the environment. Here, we have developed fully printed potentiometric nitrate sensors and characterized their sensitivity and selectivity to nitrate. Each sensor comprises an ion-selective electrode and a reference electrode that are functionalized with polymeric membranes. The sensitivity of the printed ion-selective electrodes was characterized by measuring their potential with respect to a commercial silver/silver chloride reference electrode in varying concentrations of nitrate solutions. The sensitivity of the printed reference electrodes to nitrate was minimized with a membrane containing polyvinyl butyral (PVB), sodium chloride, and sodium nitrate. Selectivity studies with sulphate, chloride, phosphate, nitrite, ammonium, calcium, potassium, and magnesium showed that high concentrations of calcium can influence sensor behavior. The printed ion-selective and reference electrodes were combined to form a fully printed sensor with sensitivity of −48.0 ± 3.3 mV/dec between 0.62 and 6200 ppm nitrate in solution and −47 ± 4.1 mV/dec in peat soil.

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Godwin, I., L. Li, K. Luijben, N. Oelbrandt, J. Velazco, J. Miller e R. Hegarty. "The effects of chronic nitrate supplementation on erythrocytic methaemoglobin reduction in cattle". Animal Production Science 55, n. 5 (2015): 611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an13366.

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Calcium nitrate and urea were fed as a supplement on an isonitrogenous basis to Angus steers and their erythrocytic methaemoglobin concentrations and NADH- and NADPH-methaemoglobin reductase levels were measured over a 54-day period. Methaemoglobin concentrations remained elevated despite increases in NADH-methaemoglobin reductase activity. In a second experiment, Brahman cross steers were fed either calcium nitrate or urea supplements for 111 days. Blood cells were then taken, washed and exposed to sodium nitrite to convert all haemoglobin to methaemoglobin. The rates of glycolysis and methaemoglobin reduction were measured following incubation of these cells in buffers containing 1, 5 or 10 mM inorganic phosphate. Glucose consumption and methaemoglobin reduction were increased by inorganic phosphate and were more rapid in those animals supplemented with nitrate. Lactate production of erythrocytes was reduced in those animals fed nitrate. It is concluded that adaptation to chronic nitrite exposure occurs in the erythron, resulting in greater methaemoglobin reduction potential and that there is competition between NADH-methaemoglobin reductase and lactate dehydrogenase for NADH.

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Silva, Abimael Gomes, Flávio Ferreira da Silva Binotti, Adriana Hernandes Pinto Matos, Talita Cristina Campos Pereira da Silva, Tatiane Carla Silva e Edilson Costa. "PRIMING AND GROWTH INHIBITOR IN THE PRODUCTION OF HIGH-QUALITY PEPPER SEEDLINGS". Revista de Agricultura Neotropical 8, n. 2 (3 maggio 2021): e5828. http://dx.doi.org/10.32404/rean.v8i2.5828.

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This study aimed to evaluate the effect of nitrate salts and a growth regulator on seed conditioning. Subsequently, the responses of the influence of the leaf application of paclobutrazol (PBZ) and nitrogen on the quality of seedlings of Capsicum frutescens L. were evaluated. Two experiments were carried out. The first experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design to evaluate priming, as follows: T1 – control, T2 – control (water), T3 – 0.2% calcium nitrate, T4 – 0.2% potassium nitrate, T5 – 0.1% calcium nitrate + 0.1% potassium nitrate, T6 – PBZ, and T7 – PBZ + 0.1% calcium nitrate + 0.1% potassium nitrate. The second experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design in a 2×5 factorial scheme consisting of priming (absence and presence of calcium nitrate) and leaf application of growth regulator, as follows: control (water), PBZ, PBZ + 1% nitrogen (calcium nitrate), PBZ + 1% nitrogen (urea), and PBZ + nitrogen (0.5% calcium nitrate + 0.5% urea). Physiological conditioning with a solution of 0.1% calcium nitrate increased the germination and seedling emergence rate and resulted in seedlings with a higher shoot length at 33 days after sowing (DAS), but seedlings at 50 DAS showed no differences in growth with its use. Leaf application of 0.1% paclobutrazol provided pepper (C. frutescens L.) seedlings with better distribution in growth according to the Dickson quality index.

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Wang, Fan, Fang Yang, Hongjie Gao, Yangwei Bai, Haiqing Liao e Haisheng Li. "Simulation of Denitrification Process of Calcium Nitrate Combined with Low Oxygen Aeration Based on Double Logarithm Mode". Water 14, n. 2 (17 gennaio 2022): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14020269.

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In situ remediation of sediment pollution is an important measure for the treatment of urban black-odorous water. In this study, the process of calcium nitrate dosing and low oxygen aeration was used to repair the sediment of black-odorous water body in a glass container. The variation trend and removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in sediment and overlying water were investigated during the process. By establishing the double logarithm model of calcium nitrate sediment repair process, the change law of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen content in sediment under different calcium nitrate dosing conditions was studied, and the denitrification process of different calcium nitrate dosing and low oxygen aeration was simulated. The results showed that by establishing the double logarithm model of calcium nitrate sediment remediation process, when the dosage of calcium nitrate was 6%, the inhibition rate of calcium nitrate on nitrate nitrogen release was the largest. The stable inhibitory concentration of nitrate nitrogen was 11.65 mg/g, and the stable inhibited concentration of ammonia nitrogen was 382.95 mg/kg. The stable inhibitory concentration of nitrate nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen in overlying water was 8.34 mg/L and 16.47 mg/L. Moreover, excessive calcium nitrate (8%) may increase the risk of microbial ecological environment in sediment and weaken the inhibitory effect. The optimum parameters were the calcium nitrate dosage of 6%, the reaction time of 21 days, and the aeration rate of 30 mL/min. Under these conditions, the removal effect of ammonia nitrogen in sediment and overlying water was further improved, and the concentration of nitrate nitrogen was effectively controlled. The stable inhibitory content of nitrate nitrogen in sediment was 5.55 mg/g, and the stable inhibitory content of ammonia nitrogen was 982.79 mg/kg. The stable inhibitory concentration of nitrate nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen in overlying water was 6.55 mg/L and 118.20 mg/L. Based on a simulation, this study provides important technical support for the formulation of a refined endogenous pollution control scheme by controlling the process of calcium nitrate remediation and low oxygen aeration.

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Galwey, Andrew K., e Clodagh Ettarh. "The oxidation of calcium sulphite by calcium nitrate". Thermochimica Acta 316, n. 1 (maggio 1998): 57–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-6031(98)00305-0.

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Lee, Kwang-Gill, You-Young Jo, Joo-Hong Yeo, Heui-Sam Lee, Kee-Young Kim, Kwang-Young Park e HaeYong Kweon. "Dissolution of Antheraea pernyi raw silk with calcium nitrate ethanol solution". Korean Journal of Sericultural Science 51, n. 1 (30 aprile 2013): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.7852/jses.2013.51.1.15.

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Fellner, Pavel, Jana Jurišová, Jana Kozánková e Ladislav Pach. "Preparation of needle-like aragonite particles from calcium nitrate solution in batch and flow reactors". Acta Chimica Slovaca 5, n. 1 (1 aprile 2012): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10188-012-0001-7.

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Preparation of needle-like aragonite particles from calcium nitrate solution in batch and flow reactors Needle-like aragonite particles for application in paper industry were synthesised from calcium nitrate solution. Calcium nitrate was prepared from waste lime. Samples of precipitated aragonite were prepared both in batch and flow reactors, respectively. Conditions (concentration of calcium nitrate, temperature, and flow rate of CO2) were optimized for achieving high yield of aragonite in the product.

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Arfat, Yasir, Noor Faraz, Muhammad Nazim, Imran Ellahi Soomroo, Afzal Qasim e Masroor Hussain Sharfi. "Effectiveness of Calcium Channel Blockers and Nitrates in Inhibition of Spasm of Radial Artery during Coronary Angiography". Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 17, n. 1 (31 gennaio 2023): 498–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023171498.

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Background: The most common issue with transradial cardiac catheterization is radial artery vasospasm. The patient experiences pain and discomfort as a result, the procedure is prolonged, and the interventionist may even be unable to continue. Aim: The aim of the study is to determine the effectiveness of Verapamil, a calcium channel blocker and nitrate, when used together to prevent radial artery spasm during coronary angiographies. Methods: This case control study was held in the Cardiology department of Qazi Hussain Ahmed Medical Complex, Nowshera and Peoples University of Medical and Health Sciences for Women PUMHSW (SBA) Nawabshah for six-months duration from July 2021 to December 2021 including 120 cardiac patients undergoing coronary angiography. The patients were selected by non-probability sampling technique. Patients who were enrolled in the study provided written informed consent. Two groups of patients—control (60) and experimental—were formed (60). Heparin/nitrate was administered to one group and labelled as a control group, while heparin/nitrates/verapamil (a calcium channel blocker) was administered to the other group considered as an experimental group. During the angiography procedure, the radial spasm, discomfort, and catheter resistance were assessed in both groups. A predesigned questionnaire was used to collect all other demographic data and patient’s history. SPSS version 23.0 was used to collect and analyse the data. Results: It was found that 68.3% of cardiac patients were over 50 years old, 41.7% of patients were female, and 58.3% of patients were male. Verapamil, a calcium channel blocker, and nitrate did not significantly affect radial spasm, according to this study with a p value of 0.762. According to the study, there was no obvious difference noted in radial spasm, outcome, discomfort, catheter resistance, or procedure time when cases and controls were compared for various variables. However, the test group have a 100% success rate of the procedure compared to the control group's 95%. Conclusion: Verapamil, a calcium channel blocker when combined with nitrate did not significantly reduce radial spasm during coronary angiography. The theory that calcium channel blockers could prevent radial artery spasm during angiography was nullified. It is best to avoid the financial burden that comes with using calcium channel blockers and nitrate during coronary angiography. Combining nitrate and calcium channel blocker (Verapamil) has no additional advantages. Keywords: Angiography, catheterization, calcium channel blocker, radial spasm, nitrate, and verapamil are some of the related terms.

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Li, L., J. Davis, J. Nolan e R. Hegarty. "An initial investigation on rumen fermentation pattern and methane emission of sheep offered diets containing urea or nitrate as the nitrogen source". Animal Production Science 52, n. 7 (2012): 653. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an11254.

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The effects of dietary nitrate and of urea on rumen fermentation pattern and enteric methane production were investigated using 4-month-old ewe lambs. Ten lambs were allocated into two groups (n = 5) and each group was offered one of two isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets containing either 1.5% urea (T1) or 3% calcium nitrate (T2). Methane production was estimated using open-circuit respiration chambers after 6 weeks of feeding. No difference in nitrogen (N) balance, apparent digestibility of N or microbial N outflow existed between treatments (P > 0.05). Animals offered the T2 diet lost less energy through methane than did those fed the T1 diet (P < 0.05). Total volatile fatty acid concentration, molar proportion of propionate, and the molar ratio of acetate to propionate in rumen fluid were not affected by dietary N source. Compared with urea inclusion, nitrate inclusion caused a significantly higher acetate and lower butyrate percentage in rumen volatile fatty acid. Nitrate supplementation tended to lower methane production by ~7.7 L/day relative to urea supplementation (P = 0.06). Methane yield (L/kg DM intake) was reduced (P < 0.05) by 35.4% when 1.5% urea was replaced by 3% calcium nitrate in the diet. Emission intensity (L methane/kg liveweight gain) was ~17.3% lower in the nitrate-supplemented sheep when compared with urea-fed sheep; however, the reduction was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). This study confirms that the presence of nitrate in the diet inhibits enteric methane production. As no clinical symptoms of nitrite toxicity were observed and sheep receiving nitrate-supplemented diet had similar growth to those consuming urea-supplemented diet, it is concluded that 3% calcium nitrate can replace 1.5% urea as a means of meeting ruminal N requirements and of reducing enteric methane emissions from sheep, provided animals are acclimated to nitrate gradually.

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Micallef, Duncan, e Ulrich Baisch. "Di-μ-nitrato-bis(μ-octaethyl pyrophosphoramide)bis[aquadinitratocalcium(II)]". Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 77, n. 8 (13 luglio 2021): 795–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s205698902100699x.

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The title compound, di-μ-nitrato-κ3 O,O′:O;O:O,O′-bis(μ-octaethyl pyrophosphoramide-κ2 O:O′)bis[aquabis(nitrato-κ2 O,O′)calcium(II)], [Ca2(NO3)4(C16H40N4O3P2)2(H2O)2] was obtained as a side product during the work up of the synthesis of octaethyl pyrophosphoramide and represents the first structurally characterized complex of this ligand. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n and the asymmetric unit contains one pyrophosphoramide molecule and one Ca2+ ion coordinated to two nitrate ions and one water molecule. The complex exists as a dimer with a centre of inversion located between two eight-coordinate calcium(II) centres, which are bridged by two nitrate ions and two octaethyl pyrophosphoramide ligands. Each Ca2+ cation is also coordinated to a further nitrate anion, acting as a bidentate ligand, and a water molecule. The complexes stack parallel to the a axis and are held in place by a network of intermolecular O—H...O hydrogen bonds also running parallel to a.

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Hasselbach, Wilhelm, e Andrea Migala. "Modulation by Monovalent Anions of Calcium and Caffeine Induced Calcium Release from Heavy Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Vesicles". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 47, n. 5-6 (1 giugno 1992): 440–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1992-0619.

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Both calcium and caffeine induced calcium release from actively loaded heavy sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles were studied to analyze the dependence of both activities on the composition of the release medium with respect to monovalent anions. Calcium is unable to induce net calcium release while caffeine remains effective as releasing agent when the experimental media contain neither chloride nor nitrate ions. Caffeine induced calcium release is not suppressed by chelating residual medium calcium (approximately 0 .5 -1 μᴍ) with 2 mᴍ EGTA added 15 s prior to 10 mᴍ caffeine. Calcium release from vesicles loaded in media containing 0.2 ᴍ gluconate as monovalent anion is induced when the medium is supplemented with chloride or nitrate. The release amplitude increases linearly when K-gluconate is replaced by KCl. At constant ionic strength the release amplitude becomes maximal at a chloride concentration of 0.2 ᴍ. The chloride effect completely disappears when 2 mᴍ EGTA are added simultaneously. When chloride is replaced by nitrate, as releasing agent, maximal release is achieved already by addition of 0.1 ᴍ K-nitrate. The releasing effect of nitrate can only partially be suppressed by EGTA. The different effectiveness of gluconate, chloride and nitrate as calcium release supporting ions corresponds to their activating effect on the binding of ryanodine to the calcium release channel in the vesicular membranes.

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Al-Saif, Adel M., Walid F. A. Mosa, Abaidalah A. Saleh, Muhammad Moaaz Ali, Lidia Sas-Paszt, Hesham S. Abada e Mahmoud Abdel-Sattar. "Yield and Fruit Quality Response of Pomegranate (Punica granatum) to Foliar Spray of Potassium, Calcium and Kaolin". Horticulturae 8, n. 10 (14 ottobre 2022): 946. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8100946.

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To study the effect of potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate and kaolin (Aluminum silicate) on pomegranate cv. Wonderful, this study was conducted during 2020–2021 to investigate the possibility of minimizing the percentages of sunburn and fruit cracking and ameliorating the yield and fruit quality of pomegranate during the aforementioned period. Four sprays consisting of potassium nitrate at 1%, 2% and 3%, calcium nitrate at 2%, 3% and 4%, kaolin at 2%, 4% and 6% and water only (control) were sprayed on pomegranate trees during May, July, and August. The results showed that through spraying the fruit at set percentages, fruit yield was greatly increased through the spraying of potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate and kaolin, particularly the application of potassium nitrate at 3% and 4% and kaolin at 6% as opposed to than the other percentages. In addition, the percentages of fruit cracking and sunburn were markedly lessened by the application of calcium nitrate at 4% and 6% and also by kaolin at 6%. Moreover, the fruit content from TSS, total sugars and anthocyanin, was improved through the spraying of potassium nitrate at 2% and 3%, whereas the fruit weight and firmness were improved by the application of calcium nitrate at 4% and kaolin at 6%.

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Danchyshyn, M. V., e O. V. Lototska. "http://ukrbiochemjournal.org/2022/12/changes-in-the-activity-of-phosphatases-calcium-and-phosphorus-in-rats-with-the-different-courses-of-gingivitis-under-correction-by-anti-inflammatory-gel.html". Ukrainian Biochemical Journal 94, n. 5 (8 dicembre 2022): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ubj94.05.069.

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Nitrate pollution of groundwater has been increasing in recent years. The aim of this work was to study the morphological features of the bone marrow of rats at the consumption of drinking water with varying nitrate content. The experiment was performed on 2 groups of white female rats of different ages (mature and immature) with 30 individuals each. Both groups were divided into 5 subgroups that differed in the quality of drinking water consumed by rats on their own. In the 30 days study, nitrate was given to rats in drinking water in doses of 50, 150, 250, 500 mg of sodium nitrate per liter. Animals of the control group drank water from the city water supply. The effect of nitrates on the bone marrow of rats was evaluated by morphological analysis. It was found that the consumption of drinking water with nitrates affected erythropoiesis and leukopoiesis, as evidenced by the growth of blasts, lymphocytes, pronormocytes and normocytes, megakaryocytes and eosinophils, displacement of erythrocyte sprout cells. An increase in the neutrophil maturation index indicates delayed neutrophil maturation, increased yield of mature cells from the bone marrow and depletion of the granulocyte lineage. The more pronounced changes were observed in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the components of the erythrocyte sprout. These disorders were dose-dependent with increasing hematotoxic effect of nitrates at doses of 250 and 500 mg/l in the group of immature animals and resulted in changes in the bone marrow, which may further cause the development of pathological processes in an organism. Keywords: bone marrow of rats, drinking water, nitrates, Van Gieson’s stain

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23

Huang, Jian Jun, Yu Hong Li, Jing Mei Sun e Nan Li. "Municipal River Sediment Remediation with Calcium Nitrate, Polyaluminium Chloride and Calcium Peroxide Compound". Advanced Materials Research 396-398 (novembre 2011): 1899–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.396-398.1899.

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In situ laboratory studies were carried out in simulated reactors to evaluate the potential of calcium nitrate, Polyaluminium Chloride (PAC) and calcium peroxide for remediation municipal river sediment. Calcium peroxide could increase the dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) of water for long time (8 weeks). It would optimize the anoxia environment of sediment and be propitious for remediation of sediment. The disadvantage of calcium peroxide was that pH (8.6) would rise slightly and accelerate NH3-N release. Spraying poly-aluminum chloride also could prohibit phosphorus release from sediment. But the remediation effect might be weakened due to disorganization of the aluminium floc after period of time. Phosphorus release from sediment injected calcium nitrate was almost stopped during the experiment. Calcium nitrate could greatly improve the ability of bio-treatment properties for sediment. After 28 weeks of treatment, the TN concentration with dose of 70g per square meter NO3-N could reduce to common level compared to blank reactor by denitrification. It makes in-situ chemical remediation technology by calcium nitrate injection become possibly.

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24

Walter, M., B. Braithwaite, B. J. Smith e G. I. Langford. "Nutrient nitrogen management for disease control in strawberry". New Zealand Plant Protection 61 (1 agosto 2008): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2008.61.6821.

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Abstract (sommario):

Botrytis cinerea and Colletotrichum acutatum are important strawberry pathogens Nitrogen (N) application can increase yield but also susceptibility to pathogens Strawberry plants (Camarosa and Ventana) were grown in sand fertilised with base nutrients plus ammonium nitrate ammonium sulphate or calcium nitrate at low (40 ppm N) and high (140 ppm N) concentration Controls consisted of base nutrients only and water only Flower production fruit yield and berry size all increased with increasing Nconcentration but Nsource itself was not important Disease susceptibility was affected by both Nconcentration and Nsource At high Nconcentration C acutatum fruit lesions were largest in ammonium sulphate treatments > ammonium nitrate > calcium nitrate; Botryits cinerea lesions were largest in ammonium nitrate > ammonium sulphate > calcium nitrate Similar trends were observed for leaf susceptibility to the two pathogens These data suggest that calcium nitrate may be a suitable source of nitrogen helping growers to reduce disease risk

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25

OBI, A. OLU, R. A. HEDLIN e C. M. CHO. "CROP UTILIZATION AND SOIL RETENTION OF NITROGEN FROM 15N-LABELLED UREA, CALCIUM NITRATE, and AMMONIUM SULPHATE IN SEVERAL MANITOBA SOILS". Canadian Journal of Soil Science 66, n. 4 (1 novembre 1986): 661–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss86-066.

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Abstract (sommario):

A growth chamber study was carried out to determine crop utilization of nitrogen added as 15N-labelled calcium nitrate or urea to eight Manitoba soils of diverse characteristics. Dry matter yield of wheat was significantly greater where calcium nitrate was used as a nitrogen source than when urea was the nitrogen source in Pine Ridge, Wellwood, and Granville soils. Residual nitrogen in the soil at the end of the experiment was greater where urea was used than where calcium nitrate was used. Total recovery of urea nitrogen generally exceeded recovery of nitrogen from calcium nitrate. In a laboratory study it was found that more of the nitrogen added as urea or ammonium sulphate was retained than when nitrogen added was as calcium nitrate. Rapid ammonium fixation from ammonium-yielding carriers occurred, especially in the Granville and Waitville soils. Ammonium fixation could be one reason for the higher utilization of nitrogen from nitrate than from ammonium sources. Key words: Nitrogen availability, ammonia-soil interaction

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26

Percival, Glynn, e S. Barnes. "The Influence Of Calcium And Nitrogen Fertilization On The Freezing And Salinity Tolerance Of Two Urban Tree Species". Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 31, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2005): 10–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2005.002.

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Abstract (sommario):

Two field trials were undertaken to determine the influence of fall fertilization using two commercially available, calcium-based fertilizers (calcium nitrate, calcium nitrate borate) and a high-nitrogen fertilizer (N:P:K = 24:7:7), at a range of concentrations, on the freezing and salinity tolerance of two urban tree species, evergreen oak (Quercus ilex) and holly (Ilex aquifolium). In both the 2001 and 2002 field trials, fertilization with calcium nitrate and calcium nitrate borate at a concentration of 40 g/m2 (0.12 oz/ft2) increased the freezing and salinity tolerance of both species as measured by leaf chlorophyll fluorescence, electrolyte leakage, and chlorophyll content. In addition, calcium fertilization at this concentration significantly increased total plant dry weight recorded at the cessation of the experiment. Application of both calcium fertilizers at concentrations of less than 40 g/m2 provided no significant protectant properties. Applications of more than 40 g/m2 proved phytotoxic to the two test species. Irrespective of concentration, applications of N:P:K (24:7:7) fertilizer did not enhance or increase susceptibility to freezing and salinity damage compared to nonfertilized controls. However, N:P:K (24:7:7) fertilization significantly increased leaf chlorophyll content and total plant dry weight. Results indicate that fall applications of calcium nitrate and calcium nitrate borate at 40 g/m2 can increase the freezing and salinity tolerance of evergreen oak and holly.

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27

Liu, Cheng-Wu, e Shutang Tan. "Nitrate signaling: A translator between nitrate perception and calcium signaling". Molecular Plant 14, n. 5 (maggio 2021): 718–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2021.04.002.

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28

Sádovská, Galina, Pavla Honcová, Radim Pilař, Lucie Oravová e Daniel Honc. "Calorimetric study of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and magnesium nitrate hexahydrate". Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 124, n. 1 (25 novembre 2015): 539–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-015-5159-y.

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29

Tawfik, Ahmed A., e Jiwan P. Palta. "PRACTICAL MEANS OF ENHANCING TUBER CALCIUM CONTENT AND REDUCING INCIDENCES OF SOFT ROT AND INTERNAL BROWN SPOT BY APPLICATION OF SOLUBLE FORM OF CALCIUM DURING BULKING". HortScience 27, n. 6 (giugno 1992): 665d—665. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.665d.

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Abstract (sommario):

We have shown that tuber calcium can be enhanced by supplying soluble forms of calcium near the tuber stolon region during bulking. In the present study we applied calcium nitrate or N-HIB during bulking (hilling, 3 and 6 wks after hilling) by injecting these Ca sources into sprinkler irrigation line. Field plots were established with cv `Russet Burbank' in sandy loam soil containing about 1200 Kg Ca ha-1. All plots received equal amounts of nitrogen. Plots receiving only nitrogen (as NH4NO3) at the same time served as split N controls and the plots receiving complete nitrogen by the time of hilling (non-split N) served as the grower control. In 1990 compared to non-split-N control a consistently higher tuber yield was obtained with split-N, N-HIB (113 Kg.Ca ha-1) calcium nitrate (113 Kg Ca ha-1). However, these differences were not significant. Tuber calcium contents were increased with N-HIB and calcium nitrate. After 5 months of storage the incidence of soft rot and of internal brown spot was significantly reduced. In 1991 N-HIB (113 Kg ha-1) gave significantly higher tuber yield than other treatments. Tuber calcium contents were increased with both calcium nitrate and N-HIB treatments. After four months of storage incidence of internal brown spot was reduced by calcium nitrate and N-HIB although calcium nitrate was most effective. These results demonstrate that it is possible to improve tuber calcium contents by application of 113-226 Kg Ca ha-1 during bulking even in a soil containing sufficient calcium for plant growth.

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30

Fakhri, Muhammad, Prive Widya Antika, Arning Wilujeng Ekawati e Nasrullah Bai Arifin. "Growth, Pigment and Protein Production of Spirulina platensis under different Ca(NO3)2 concentrations". Journal of Aquaculture and Fish Health 9, n. 1 (7 gennaio 2020): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jafh.v9i1.15769.

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Abstract (sommario):

Spirulina platensis is a filamentous cyanobacterium that has been commerically used for fish feed and human food supplement. Low-cost production of Spirulina is needed when considering large-scale culture especially for industrial purposes. The aim of this study was to explain the effect of calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2) on growth, biomass, pigment, and protein production of S. platensis and to determine the best calcium nitrate concentration for Spirulina production.The microalgae was cultured at four calcium nitrate concentrations (1, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 g/L) with salinity of 15 ppt, constant light intensity of 4,000 lux and photoperiod of 24:0 light:dark cycles for 4 days. The results showed that different calcium nitrate concentrations remarkably affected the growth, biomass production, pigment and protein content of S. platensis (p<0.05). The highest specific growth rate of 0.721 day-1 and biomass concentration of 1.512 g/Lwere achieved at calcium nitrate concentration of 2.5 g/L. Moreover, the algae had the highest chlorophyll-a, carotenoid and protein content at 2.5 g L-1. Increasing calcium nitrate concentration from 1 to 2.5 g/L led to an increase in biomass, pigment and protein production of S. platensis. However, there was no significant difference between 2 and 2.5 g L-1 calcium nitrate concentrations. We suggest that 2-2.5 g/L Ca(NO3)2 concentration can be used profitably for S. platensis production.

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31

Boyko, Olexandra, e Viktor Brygadyrenko. "Nematicidal Activity of Inorganic Food Additives". Diversity 14, n. 8 (17 agosto 2022): 663. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14080663.

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Abstract (sommario):

The food industry is not the only sphere of human activity where inorganic food additives are globally used. In certain concentrations, they are safe for people and agricultural animals. Nonetheless, they impose a negative impact on other classes of living organisms. Therefore, our objective was to determinine the influence of some inorganic food additives (alkalis, acids, salts) on the vitality of nematode larvae that parasitize agricultural animals: Strongyloides papillosus, Haemonchus contortus and Muellerius capillaris. We studied the effects of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, boric acid, phosphoric acid, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium nitrite, potassium nitrite, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, ammonium bicarbonate, sodium bisulfite, sodium bisulfate, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, calcium sulfate, sodium thiosulfate, sodium metabisulfite, potassium metabisulfite, copper sulfate pentahydrate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sodium triphosphate, sodium borate decahydrate and talc. In in vitro experiments, the strongest effects were produced by alkalis sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. In 24 h, 1% solutions of those substances killed 69% of larvae of S. papillosus, H. contortus and M. capillaris of various development stages. Sodium sulfate was effective against all stages of larvae of S. papillosus, and also against first-age M. capillaris. Nematocidal properties only against all stages of S. papillosus were exerted by copper sulfate pentahydrate. Non-invasive stages of S. papillosus nematodes were affected only by phosphoric acid, ammonium bicarbonate, calcium chloride, sodium nitrite, calcium sulfate, potassium metabisulfite, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sodium triphosphate and the same stages of M. capillaris—by phosphoric acid, sodium bisulfite and potassium nitrite.

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32

El-Mahrouk, M. E., A. R. El-Shereif, Y. H. Dewir, Y. M. Hafez, Kh A. Abdelaal, S. El-Hendawy, H. Migdadi e R. S. Al-Obeed. "Micropropagation of Banana: Reversion, Rooting, and Acclimatization of Hyperhydric Shoots". HortScience 54, n. 8 (agosto 2019): 1384–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci14036-19.

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Abstract (sommario):

Hyperhydricity is a physiological disorder impacting plant growth and multiplication and acclimatization of regenerated plantlets. We report the use of calcium nitrate for reversion and acclimatization of banana ‘Grand Naine’ hyperhydric shoots cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium containing agar or gellan. Although 100% rooting of hyperhydric shoots occurred at all concentrations of calcium nitrate, only 50% rooting was recorded in the absence of calcium nitrate. Electrolyte leakage decreased significantly in the reverted banana tissues compared with the hyperhydric tissues. Histochemical staining for reactive oxygen species indicated that reverted banana tissues possess lower levels of both hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide (O2-) than do hyperhydric tissues. Rooting, growth, and survival of the reverted banana plantlets were significantly influenced by calcium nitrate concentrations as well as the type of gelling agent. Reverted banana plantlets in medium containing calcium nitrate (0.5–1 g·L−1) were acclimatized with 100% survival in a growing substrate of peatmoss and vermiculite (1:1).

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33

Aisyawati, Lina, e Fuad Nur Azis. "RESPON PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL BAWANG MERAH TERHADAP PUPUK KALSIUM NITRAT". Agrika 14, n. 1 (30 maggio 2020): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31328/ja.v14i1.1338.

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Abstract (sommario):

ABSTRAKPengelolaan unsur hara Nitrogen (N) melalui pemupukan yang cukup dan berimbang berperan penting untuk meningkatkan produktivitas bawang merah. Penggunaan senyawa nitrat sebagai sumber N dapat menjadi alternatif dalam penambahan unsur N. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon pertumbuhan dan hasil bawang merah pada beberapa taraf dosis pupuk kalsium nitrat. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Mojosari, Kabupaten Mojokerto mulai Maret-Mei 2019. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok diulang 3 kali menggunakan 9 perlakuan yaitu kontrol, dosis rekomendasi (200 kg/ha Urea dan 500 kg/ha ZA), dosis kombinasi pemberian Urea, ZA, dan Kalsium Nitrat. Parameter yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, diameter umbi, bobot rumpun, bobot rumpun kering askip, susut bobot, dan produktivitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan dosis 150 kg/ha Urea dan 375 kg/ha ZA ditambahkan dengan dosis 5 g/l kalsium nitrat yang mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang merah dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya.ABSTRACTNitrogen (N) nutrient management through adequate and balanced fertilization plays an important role in increasing the productivity of shallots. The use of nitrate compounds as a source of N can be an alternative in the addition of the N element. This study was aimed to determine the response of shallot growth and yield from several levels of calcium nitrate fertilizer. The research was conducted at the Mojosari Experimental Garden, Mojokerto Regency from March to May 2019. The study used a Randomized Block Design with 3 replicates. The study used 9 treatments namely control, recommended dosage (200 kg / ha Urea and 500 kg / ha ZA), the combined dose of Urea, ZA, and calcium nitrate. The parameters observed were plant height, number of tillers, tuber diameter, weight of the clump, dry weight of the askip clump, weight loss, and productivity. The results showed that the treatment with dosage of 150 kg / ha Urea and 375 kg / ha ZA which was added with a dose of 5 g / l calcium nitrate was able to increase the shallot growth and yield plants compared to other treatments.

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34

Crawford, Nigel. "Nutrient Signaling by Nitrate and Calcium". Plant Physiology 169, n. 2 (28 settembre 2015): 911. http://dx.doi.org/10.1104/pp.15.01355.

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35

Johnson, Keith E., e F. Wayne Yerhoff. "Electrochemistry of Molten Calcium Nitrate Tetrahydrate". Journal of The Electrochemical Society 132, n. 10 (1 ottobre 1985): 2399–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2113585.

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36

Danilov, V. P., E. A. Frolova, D. F. Kondakov, A. V. Popov, V. I. Berezin, A. I. Anisimov, L. I. Avdyushkina, A. V. Bykov e A. N. Shkarupin. "New Deicing Calcium Nitrate–Based Agent". Theoretical Foundations of Chemical Engineering 53, n. 5 (settembre 2019): 832–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0040579519050063.

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37

Ferreira, Rafael Bibiano, Sarita Leonel, Jackson Mirellys Azevedo Souza, Marcelo Souza Silva, Rafaelly Calsavara Martins e Vitor Hugo Artigiani Filho. "Evaluating chemicals for inducing budburst in peach orchard grown in subtropical conditions". Semina: Ciências Agrárias 43, n. 3 (25 marzo 2022): 1333–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2022v43n3p1333.

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Abstract (sommario):

The availability of chill hours influences the break dormancy, sprouting and production of temperate fruit trees in different regions. During the winter, the chilling requirements for growing peaches in subtropical locations are restricted, and certain chemicals are required to overcome dormancy and induce budburst. As a result, further information concerning the use of these compounds on stimulating sprouting in peach trees is required. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of hydrogen cyanamide, nitrogen fertilizer, and calcium nitrate to trigger budburst in the ‘Douradão’ peach orchard, which is in the subtropical area of São Paulo state, Brazil. The following tree chemicals were tested: 0.6 % hydrogen cyanamide, 2.5 % nitrogen fertilizer with 4 % calcium nitrate, 4 % calcium nitrate, and control. The hydrogen cyanamide accelerated, predicted, and focused blooming on plants, along with improving fruit set and output. Furthermore, combining nitrogen fertilizer with calcium nitrate accelerated budburst, which boosted flowering, output per tree, and yield. The spraying of the peach plants with just calcium nitrate produced results like those obtained in the control. The results allow for the use of hydrogen cyanamide or nitrogen fertilizer + calcium nitrate as an option for triggering budburst in Douradão cultivar peach trees under subtropical circumstances, depending on the orchards system management used.

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38

Gunter, Christopher, Senay Ozgen, Bjorn Karlsson e Jiwan Palta. "589 Calcium Application at Preemergence and during Bulking May Improve Tuber Quality and Grade". HortScience 35, n. 3 (giugno 2000): 498B—498. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.3.498b.

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Abstract (sommario):

An increase in calcium concentration of potato tuber tissue has been shown to reduce soft rot severity and the incidence of internal physiological defects. Higher tuber calcium also seems to increase sprout vigor and maintain apical dominance by reducing subapical necrosis and sprout tip death. Preemergent applications of calcium at a rate of 0 and 26.5 kg·ha–1 from ammonium nitrate (PreAmNit), ammonium nitrate plus calcium nitrate (PreCaN), or calcium chloride plus calcium nitrate plus urea (PreCUC). A group of post-emergent split calcium nitrate plus calcium chloride plus urea (PostCUC) applications beginning with hilling and proceeding at 3, 6, and 8 weeks after hilling were also made at a rate of 56 kg·ha–1 calcium at each application time. From visual ratings of stand quality taken 64 days after hilling, we found plants receiving a preemergent application of nutrients or PostCUC had higher stand ratings than paired control plots. Internal tuber quality ratings revealed less internal brown spot in the PostCUC application in 168–364-g tubers. Yield of 112–168-g tubers was greatest from plants treated with PreCaN or PreCUC followed by PostCUC. PreAmNit plots had higher culls than the PreCUC plots. The non-split ammonium nitrate control (all nitrogen by hilling) produced a higher number of B-sized tubers than the PostCUC treatment. Also the PreAmNit+PostCUC had more B-sized tubers than PreCaN+PostCUC. In general the PostCUC treatment produced fewer small tubers and more large tubers than other treatments. These results suggest application of a small amount of calcium prior to emergence but after the sprouts have begun to develop improves seed performance. Furthermore these data show that supplemental calcium application during the season may improve tuber grade.

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39

Li, Qinfei, Yang Wang, Guoqing Geng, Heng Chen, Pengkun Hou, Xin Cheng, Paulo J. M. Monteiro, Shifeng Huang e Jae Hong Kim. "Microstructural Study of Hydration of C3S in the Presence of Calcium Nitrate Using Scanning Transmission X-Ray Microscopy (STXM)". Journal of Nanomaterials 2020 (22 aprile 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8419130.

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Abstract (sommario):

Calcium nitrate (CN) is used widely as an effectively inorganic setting accelerator and antifreeze admixture in concrete structures. In this paper, the multiscale investigation of CN on the hydration of C3S was studied by scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) combined with near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS), 29Si MAS NMR, calorimetry, scanning electron microscope, and N2 absorption. It was concluded that the calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) surrounds the unhydrated C3S at 1-day hydrated C3S in the presence of calcium nitrate, while portlandite is partly in transformation and is formed partly. Based on Ca L3,2-edge NEXAFS spectra for 1-day hydrated C3S particle, calcium nitrate does not change the structure of the asymmetrically 7-fold coordination of calcium in the C-S-H. Calcium nitrate can accelerate the hydration of C3S to some extent and polymerization of the silicate chains within C-S-H considerably at early age, resulting in the increasing specific surface area.

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40

Moradinezhad, Farid, Mehdi Ghesmati e Mehdi Khayyat. "Postharvest Calcium Salt Treatment of Fresh Jujube Fruit and its Effects on Biochemical Characteristics and Quality after Cold Storage". Journal of Horticultural Research 27, n. 2 (1 dicembre 2019): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/johr-2019-0009.

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Abstract (sommario):

AbstractJujube fruit quickly undergoes spoilage and normally has a short shelf life. Therefore, the effect of immersion treatment in different calcium salts on qualitative and biochemical characteristics of fresh jujube fruit was evaluated. Treatments included control (distilled water) and solutions of calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, and calcium sulfate at a concentration of 0.5 and 1%. Fruits were immersed in water or calcium salt solution for 5 min, air-dried and then cold stored at 4 °C for 50 days. The results showed that such treatment did not affect significantly the pulp color and the anthocyanin concentration in the fruit. However, the soluble solids in the treated fruits significantly decreased compared with the control. Interestingly, all levels of calcium salts, except 0.5% calcium nitrate, preserved the total antioxidant capacity in comparison with the control. Concentrations of 1% calcium nitrate, chloride, and sulfate significantly increased crispness compared with the control. The taste of fruit treated with calcium sulfate significantly deteriorated compared with the control and other treatments. In general, 1% calcium nitrate and 1% calcium chloride applied before storage preserved or strengthened the jujube fruit qualities after storage compared with control. It can be concluded that such treatment is recommended for practical application.

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41

Gultom, Fransiskus, Hernawaty Hernawaty, Perdianta Sinukaban e Selamat Karo-karo. "PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PUPUK ANORGANIK DAN URINE KAMBING TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN MENTIMUN (Cucumis sativus)". Jurnal Darma Agung 30, n. 2 (6 agosto 2022): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.46930/ojsuda.v30i2.1675.

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Abstract (sommario):

Penelitian ini bertujuan: 1. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pupuk Calcium Amonium Nitrate terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman mentimun (Cucumis sativus); 2. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pupuk urine kambing terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman mentimun (Cucumis sativus); dan 3. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh interaksi pemberian pupuk Calcium Amonium Nitrate dan pupuk urine kambing terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman mentimun (Cucumis sativus). Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan pola faktorial 3x4 dengan 3 ulangan dengan total kombinasi perlakuan sebanyak 12 perlakuan. Faktor yang diteliti adalah pengaruh pemberian pupuk calcium amonium nitrate dan urine kambing terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman mentimun (Cucumis sativus). Faktor dosis pupuk Calcium Amonium Nitrate (C) terdiri atas 3 taraf, yaitu: C1 = 100g per plot, C2 = 150g per plot, dan C3 = 200g per plot, sedangkan Faktor dosis urine kambing (U) terdiri atas 4 taraf, yaitu: U0 = 0ml per plot, U1 = 100ml per plot, U2 = 200ml per plot, dan U3 = 300ml per plot. Dari hasil penelitian dan pembahasan yang dilakukan, diperoleh kesimpulan antara lain: 1) Pemberian pupuk Calcium Amonium Nitrate terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman mentimun memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda tidak nyata, 2. Pemberian urine kambing terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman mentimun memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda tidak nyata, dan 3. Tidak ada pengaruh interaksi dengan pemberian pupuk Calcium Amonium Nitrate dan urine kambing terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman mentimun.

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42

Valkov, Svyatoslav. "Fluidized-bed drum granulation of ammonium nitrate and calcium-ammonium nitrate". Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 36, n. 1 (gennaio 2000): 3–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02463358.

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43

Kerridge, DH, e SA Tariq. "Molten Calcium Nitrate Tetrahydrate: Spectroscopy of Chromium(III), Cobalt(II), Nickel(II) and Copper(II) Nitrates and Some Complexes of Nickel(II) and Cobalt(III)". Australian Journal of Chemistry 46, n. 6 (1993): 917. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9930917.

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Abstract (sommario):

The hydrated nitrates of chromium(III), cobalt(II), nickel(II) and copper(II) dissolved in molten calcium nitrate tetrahydrate at 43°C to form clear coloured solutions. Their spectra, between 30000 and 11000 cm-1, showed maxima closely similar in wavenumber to those of the corresponding aqueous solutions, and indicated similar octahedral coordination by oxygen from the ligands. However, slightly higher molar absorption coefficients of the metal cations in the molten solutions than those of the aqueous solutions suggested the possibility of mixed coordination by both aqua and nitrato groups. Nickel(II) complexes were rapidly solvolysed in the melt but cobalt(III) displayed more varied behaviour, intriguingly different from those of their aqueous solutions.

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44

Mohammed ELKheir, Mustafa Siddig, Hatil Hashim EL-Kamali, Mutiaa Ahmed Nashir e Abdel Gawi EL-Fageeh. "Study of Physico-chemical parameters of drinking and waste waters in Central Mountains in WadiMaytum, Ieb District , Yemen." Journal of The Faculty of Science and Technology, n. 6 (12 gennaio 2021): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.52981/jfst.vi6.600.

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In the present study an attempt has been made to know the concentration of different physico-chemical and microbiological parameters in drinking/waste water samples collected from various wells of WadiMaytum, Ieb District, Yemen. Temperature, pH , EC, TDS, Total hardness, Turbidity, alkalinity, BOD,COD,Total coliforms, Faecal streptococci, sodium, magnesium, iron, calcium, lead, chromium, cadmium, copper, manganese, nickel, chloride, sulphate,nitrite, nitrate, ammonia and bicarbonate were assessed . The concentration levels of different parameters in the study samples are summarized , discussed and compared with drinking/waste water quality standards given by the WHO (1994;2006) APHA (2005)and SLS(1983) Standards. In our study, it was found that EC, TDS, TH, Alkalinity, COD, sodium, magnesium (except in closed well) , calcium and lead values were above permissible limit for drinking water whereas pH, turbidity, chlorine, sulphate, nitrates , nitrites, ammonia , iron, manganese, nickel (except in B and C wells), chromium, cadmium and copper values were within the permissible limit.

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45

Cand, Z. T. Ruzieva, M. S. Azimova, G. N. Mukhiddinova e M. Sh Tukhliev. "Current state of production and use nitrate and sodium nitrite, and calcium". Asian Journal of Multidimensional Research (AJMR) 8, n. 12 (2019): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2278-4853.2019.00328.8.

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46

McTaggart, I. P., e K. A. Smith. "The effect of rate, form and timing of fertilizer N on nitrogen uptake and grain N content in spring malting barley". Journal of Agricultural Science 125, n. 3 (dicembre 1995): 341–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600084847.

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SUMMARYField experiments were carried out on six sites in eastern Scotland between 1987 and 1989 to determine the effect of nitrogen on the yield, N uptake and grain N concentration of spring barley grown for malting. The effects of fertilizer applications at rates from 0 to 150 kg N ha-1 and the timing of application were studied, using three fertilizer forms: calcium nitrate, ammonium sulphate and ammonium nitrate. Calcium nitrate applications significantly increased grain N concentrations (P < 0·05), and grain yields (P < 0·01 and 0·05) at two sites, above the values obtained with the other fertilizers, but there was no effect at the other sites. Split applications of calcium nitrate increased yields above those from single applications in some treatments at two sites. At low rates, recovery of 15N-labelled fertilizer was greatest when applied as calcium nitrate. Recovery fell at higher rates in calcium nitrate treatments, but rose in ammonium sulphate treatments. Uptake of fertilizer N, during the period of stem elongation in June, was significantly greater (P < 0·05) in the calcium nitrate and ammonium nitrate treatments. Maximum uptake was usually reached by the time of anthesis. Uptake of soil N was not as great during the early sampling periods, but continued up to harvest in most treatments. There was evidence of losses, between anthesis and harvest, of fertilizer N previously taken up by the crop. The uptake of soil N remained constant over the range of fertilizer treatments except with ammonium sulphate, where there was evidence of increased uptake at higher fertilizer rates, possibly due to ‘pool substitution’ of 15N-labelled fertilizer. The variation in soil N uptake between sites was greater than the variation in fertilizer N uptake caused by different forms of fertilizer and different application times.

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47

Barbaudy, Jean. "Note sur L'équilibre eau - Chlorure de Potassium - Nitrate de Potassium, Nitrate de Calcium et Chlorure de Calcium". Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas 42, n. 7 (3 settembre 2010): 638–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/recl.19230420719.

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48

Diggle, AJ, e JW Bowden. "The response of wheat tops and roots grown in a leaching environment to rates of nitrogen added as calcium nitrate or organic residues containing 1, 2 or 6% nitrogen". Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 42, n. 7 (1991): 1053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9911053.

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Wheat was grown under leaching conditions in a glasshouse in columns of a loamy sand soil to which nitrogen had been added in the form of calcium nitrate or organic materials containing 1, 2 or 6% nitrogen. All materials were added at a range of rates calculated on an elemental nitrogen basis, so that comparisons could be made between materials at the same level of nitrogen addition. The amount of mineral nitrogen in the soil profile 4 weeks after seeding increased with the addition of each of the sources except for the 1% nitrogen organic material which had no effect. Addition of calcium nitrate caused the greatest increase of mineral nitrogen, but did not result in the greatest plant growth because of less efficient nitrogen uptake associated with leaching. At 7 weeks after seeding, nitrogen stress, as indicated by the nitrogen content of the plant tops, had increased more where the 2 and 6% nitrogen organic materials were added than where calcium nitrate was added. This trend was also reflected in changes in the root to shoot ratios, and was the result of roots catching up with leaching nitrate from the calcium nitrate. In the columns treated with organic material, root profiles at 7 weeks after seeding showed enhanced growth at the surface, where mineralization of the added materials was occurring. Where calcium nitrate was added, a bulge in the root profile occurred at depth, associated with the leached nitrate.

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49

Krężel, Jan, e Eugeniusz Kołota. "Response of Chinese cabbage grown in the spring season to differentiated forms of nitrogen fertilisation". Folia Horticulturae 23, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2011): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10245-011-0009-2.

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Response of Chinese cabbage grown in the spring season to differentiated forms of nitrogen fertilisationIn the experiment carried out in the Experimental Station belonging to the Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences in 2004-2006, we estimated the effect of the type of the nitrogen fertiliser (ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, urea and ENTEC 26) applied as preplant (150 kg N ha-1) or split dose (100 + 50 kg N ha-1) on the yield and dry matter content, nitrates, vitamin C and P, K, Mg, Ca in ‘Optiko’ Chinese cabbage cultivated during the spring season. The highest total and marketable yield of Chinese cabbage was recorded after the use of urea, which was partly associated with the lowest percentage of diseased heads. Plants fertilised with ammonium sulfate provided the lowest yield. The method of nitrogen application significantly affected the yield and the mean weight of individual heads in the marketable yield, but not the accumulation of nitrates and vitamin C. The lowest accumulation of nitrates was associated with the use of ammonium sulfate and ENTEC 26, whereas the highest with urea. The use of calcium nitrate at a single dose of 150 kg N ha-1led to the highest accumulation of vitamin C in Chinese cabbage leaves. The levels of P, K, Mg and Ca showed only small changes and were not significantly affected by the type of nitrogen fertiliser or the method of its application.

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50

Plugin, Andrii A., e Raisa F. Runova. "Bonding Calcium Chloride and Calcium Nitrate into Stable Hydration Portland Cement Products: Stability Conditions of Calcium Hydrochloraluminates and Calcium Hydronitroaluminates". International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa 36 (giugno 2018): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jera.36.69.

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A thermodynamic analysis of the reactions of calcium chloride and calcium nitrate with tricalcium aluminate when used as a hardening accelerator for portland cement, as well as decomposition reactions of calcium hydrochloraluminate (CHChA) and calcium hydronitroalyuminate (CHNA) formed during the hardening was performed. The conditions of stable existence of CHChA and CHNA in the cement matrix were established.

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