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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Orchardgrass"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 25 luglio 2025

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1

Zeng, Bing, Xin-Quan Zhang, Ying Lan, and Wu-Yun Yang. "Evaluation of genetic diversity and relationshipsin orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) germplasm based on SRAP markers." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 88, no. 1 (2008): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps07017.

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The present study is the first report of characterizing the levels and patterns ofgenetic diversity in 60 orchardgrass accessions from four continents by sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers. Twenty-one primer pairs were used to produce 480 bands, of which 405 (84.38%) were polymorphic. The genetic similarity coeffic ients (GS) varied from 0.5863 to 0.9686 among the 60 collections, with an average of 0.7891. The genetic diversity of orchardgrass from China and the United States of America were found to be higher than that found in other countries. The dendrogram and principal

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2

Spandl, Eric, James J. Kells, and Oran B. Hesterman. "Weed Invasion in Established Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Seeded with Perennial Forage Grasses." Weed Technology 11, no. 3 (1997): 556–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00045413.

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Component yields and forage quality were evaluated in established stands of alfalfa seeded alone and in binary mixtures with smooth bromegrass, orchardgrass, or timothy. Forage yields and quality were determined at three annual harvests in the third and fourth years after seeding. Weed yields in alfalfa seeded alone were significantly greater than those in the alfalfa–orchardgrass mixture. Average weed content was 24, 17, 2, and 15% for the alfalfa seeded alone, alfalfa–bromegrass, alfalfa–orchardgrass, and alfalfa–timothy, respectively. Seeding alfalfa with orchardgrass increased first harves

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3

Bowley, S. R., D. Hancock, and D. Wood. "Jay orchardgrass." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 74, no. 2 (1994): 339–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps94-065.

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Jay is a cultivar of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) developed by the Crop Science Department, University of Guelph. It was developed by half-sib progeny testing for yield, leafiness, and late-maturity. It is similar in herbage yield and plant height but slightly later maturing than the cultivar Kay. Jay is suited for situations where a late-maturing orchardgrass is desired. Key words: Orchardgrass, Dactylis glomerata, cultivar description

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4

Christie, B. R., and S. R. Bowley. "Jay Orchardgrass." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 80, no. 4 (2000): 839–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p99-148.

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Jay is a cultivar of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) developed by the Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph. The nine parents of Jay were selected for general vigour, late maturity, plant height at heading, and aftermath vigour. It is similar in herbage yield and plant height but slightly later maturing than the cultivar Kay. Jay is suited for situations where a late-maturing orchardgrass is desired. Key words: Orchardgrass, Dactylis glomerata, cultivar description

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5

Acharya, S. N., D. R. Friebel, and Y. Castonguay. "Kayak orchardgrass." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 87, no. 4 (2007): 905–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps07016.

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Kayak is a high yielding early maturing orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivar with good level of winterhardiness suited for silage and hay production in western Canada including interior British Columbia. The population was developed at the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) Research Centre, Lethbridge, AB. In BC and Western Forage Trials (WFTests), Kayak yielded 4% better than the check cultivar Kay under both rain fed and irrigated conditions. Kayak orchardgrass produces 10% more seed yield than Kay while its seed size is slightly smaller than Kay. Key words: Orchardgrass, Dacty

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6

Linscott, Dean L., and Richard H. Vaughan. "Fenoxaprop for Annual Foxtail (Setariasp.) Control in Seedling Perennial Forages." Weed Technology 4, no. 3 (1990): 560–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00025975.

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Seedling timothy tolerated fenoxaprop at 0.09 kg ai ha-1whereas seedling orchardgrass tolerated applications as high as 0.13 kg ai ha-1. Several fenoxaprop treatments increased perennial grass yields the year following establishment. Fenoxaprop appears to solve annual foxtail problems in new plantings of orchardgrass or timothy seeded alone. Over a 2-yr period, alfalfa yields in on alfalfa-grass mixture were maintained or increased from fenoxaprop applied the seedling year. In the mixtures, timothy yield declined in relation to fenoxaprop applied, but orchardgrass did not. Use of fenoxaprop on

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7

Thompson, Donald. "Yield and nutritive value of irrigated tall fescue compared with orchardgrass: In monocultures or mixed with alfalfa." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 93, no. 5 (2013): 799–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps2012-283.

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Thompson, D. J. 2013. Yield and nutritive value of irrigated tall fescue compared with orchardgrass: in monocultures or mixed with alfalfa. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 799–807. Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) is commonly grown for irrigated forage production in interior British Columbia. Tall fescue [Schedonorus phoenix (Schop.) Holub.] is also adapted to the area but no comparative trials have been reported. Three varieties of each grass species were grown in monocultures or in mixtures with alfalfa at three irrigated sites throughout southern interior British Columbia. Study objectives inclu

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8

Chung, Kuang-Ren, Walter Hollin, Malcolm R. Siegel, and Christopher L. Schardl. "Genetics of Host Specificity in Epichloë typhina." Phytopathology® 87, no. 6 (1997): 599–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.1997.87.6.599.

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Epichloë typhina perennially and systemically infects grass plants, causing choke disease in which maturation of host inflorescences is suppressed. In seedling-inoculation tests, isolate E8 from perennial ryegrass established and maintained infection in this host but not in orchardgrass. In contrast, isolates E469, E2466, and E2467 from orchardgrass varied in infection frequency and stability in orchardgrass, but all were unable to establish stable infections in perennial ryegrass. To investigate the genetics of host specificity, isolate E8 was crossed with each of the isolates from orchardgra

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9

Tahir, Muhammad, Changhua Li, Tairu Zeng, et al. "Mixture Composition Influenced the Biomass Yield and Nutritional Quality of Legume–Grass Pastures." Agronomy 12, no. 6 (2022): 1449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12061449.

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A two-year field experiment was conducted to address the effects of mixture composition and legume-grass seeding ratio on the biomass yield and nutritional quality of legume–grass mixtures. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), white clover (Trifolium repens L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) were selected as plant materials. A total of seven legume–grass mixtures (A1: white clover, orchardgrass, and tall fescue; A2: alfalfa, orchardgrass, and tall fescue; B1: alfalfa, whit

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10

Xu, Xiaoheng, Guangyan Feng, Zhongfu Yang, et al. "Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Potential Molecular Mechanisms of Tiller Bud Development in Orchardgrass." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 21 (2023): 15762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms242115762.

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Tillering is a special type of branching and one of the important contributors to the yield of cereal crops. Strigolactone and sucrose play a vital role in controlling tiller formation, but their mechanism has not been elucidated completely in most crops. Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) is an important perennial forage with prominent tillering ability among crops. To date, the mechanism of tillering in orchardgrass is still largely unknown. Therefore, we performed a transcriptome and miRNA analysis to reveal the potential RNA mechanism of tiller formation under strigolactone and sucrose t

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11

KNOWLES, R. P., and L. G. SONMOR. "GRASSES FOR IRRIGATED PASTURE IN CENTRAL SASKATCHEWAN." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 65, no. 2 (1985): 455–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps85-065.

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A comparison of grasses clipped four times per season showed highest yields for meadow bromegrass and orchardgrass, followed in order by timothy, smooth bromegrass, and six strains of Kentucky bluegrass. Orchardgrass, meadow bromegrass, and Kentucky bluegrass gave most uniform production from spring to fall. Smooth bromegrass and some Kentucky bluegrass strains showed serious deterioration of stands after 6 yr.Key words: Smooth bromegrass, meadow bromegrass, orchardgrass, timothy, Kentucky bluegrass, yield

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12

Kondo, Tsuneo, Tomoko Ohshita, and Tadashi Kyuma. "Ester- and ether-linked phenolic acids in orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) and their digestion from cell walls when fed to sheep." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 71, no. 4 (1991): 1179–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps91-165.

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Ester- and ether-linked p-coumaric (PCA) and ferulic acids (FA) in cell wall materials from orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), hays harvested at the heading stage and feces samples from sheep fed the orchardgrass hays were analyzed. Results showed that ether-linked PCA and FA were more resistant to ruminant digestion and enzymatic degradation than ester-linked PCA and FA. Key words: p-coumaric acid, esters, ethers, ferulic acid, orchardgrass, sheep digestion

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13

COULMAN, B. E. "YIELD AND COMPOSITION OF MONOCULTURES AND MIXTURES OF BROMEGRASS, ORCHARDGRASS AND TIMOTHY." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 67, no. 1 (1987): 203–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps87-024.

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The objectives of this study were (a) to determine the relative yielding ability of binary and ternary mixtures of bromegrass (Brotnus inermis Leyss.), orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), and timothy (Phleum pratense L.); and (b) determine the relative competitiveness of the three species in mixtures. Two experiments were established in 1981 and 1982 and each evaluated for three consecutive production years. Bromegrass was the highest yielding monoculture in both experiments, followed by timothy, with orchardgrass being the lowest. Among mixtures, bromegrass-timothy was the highest yielding

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14

Lazarev, N. N. "Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) as anuniversal forage crop in adaptive grassland farming (review)." Izvestiâ Timirâzevskoj selʹskohozâjstvennoj akademii, no. 2 (2024): 93–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/0021-342x-2024-2-93-109.

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The review summarizes the results of domestic and foreign literature on the biological and ecological characteristics and use of orchardgrass in forage production. In Russia and the world, the orchardgrass is one of the most widespread species in natural and seeded meadows. With a sufficient supply of nitrogen, it surpasses other grasses in terms of competitiveness and yield, producing 5 to 12 t/ha of dry matter in different regions of Russia. Under optimal conditions of use, its productive longevity is 8 to 10 years or more. Orchardgrass provides 3 to 5 cuttings per season and is resistant to

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15

Papadopoulos, Y. A., R. C. Martin, A. H. Fredeen, K. B. McRae, and M. A. Price. "Grazing and the addition of white clover improves the nutritional quality of orchardgrass cultivars." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 81, no. 4 (2001): 597–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/a97-060.

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Two experiments were conducted to determine the nutritional quality of orchardgrass (OG) cultivars under hay and rotational grazing systems during the first 2 production years. Crude protein content was higher and fibre content lower in OG managed as rotationally grazed pasture compared with that harvested as hay. The K:Ca + Mg ratio was reduced and Cu deficiency was ameliorated when OG swards contained white clover. Orchardgrass genotypic × sward management effects were also observed. Key words: Orchardgrass, management, potassium, genotypes, quality, pasture, hay

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16

Alderman, Steve C., Cynthia M. Ocamb, and Mark E. Mellbye. "Quantitative Assessment of Anguina sp. and Rathayibacter rathayi in Dactylis glomerata Seed Production Fields in Oregon and Estimates of Yield Loss." Plant Disease 89, no. 12 (2005): 1313–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-89-1313.

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Anguina sp. is a nematode that infests the inflorescence of orchardgrass and forms galls that replace the seed. Anguina sp. is also a vector of the bacterial pathogen Rathayibacter rathayi, which causes galls or gummosis in orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata) panicles. The percentage of orchardgrass panicles infected or percentage of seed loss from Anguina sp. or R. rathayi in five commercial orchardgrass seed-production fields in Oregon during 2003 and 2004 was determined. The percentage of panicles with Anguina sp. ranged from 9 to 24%, although the percentage of seed replaced by Anguina sp. w

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17

Bowley, S. R., and D. Hancock. "DIVIDEND VL orchardgrass." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 91, no. 4 (2011): 793–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps10166.

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Bowley, S. R. and Hancock, D. 2011. DIVIDEND VL orchardgrass. Can. J. Plant Sci. 91: 793–795. DIVIDEND VL is a late-maturing orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivar for silage and hay production in mixtures with alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) in eastern Canada. The population was developed at the University of Guelph, Guelph, ON. DIVIDEND VL matured at a slower rate when grown in pure stand and in binary mixtures with alfalfa compared with the cultivars OKAY and Rapido. When harvested at the same date, DIVIDEND VL averaged 7% lower in biomass yield compared with OKAY, but the herbage was l

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18

Bittman, S., S. N. Acharya, and D. E. Hunt. "Haida-VR orchardgrass." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 86, no. 1 (2006): 177–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p05-087.

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Haida-VR is a latematuring orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivar with high levels of resistance to Cocksfoot Mottle Virus (CfMV) suited to silage and hay production in regions with moderate, temperate climate. The cultivar was developed at the Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre (PARC), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), Agassiz, British Columbia (BC) in collaboration with AAFC Research Centre, Lethbridge, Alberta. In BC trials, Haida-VR yielded 3% more than the check cultivar Potomac without inoculation with CfMV and 21% better than the check when inoculated with the virus. In a s

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19

Bittman, S., S. N. Acharya, and D. E. Hunt. "Chilliwack-VR orchardgrass." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 86, no. 1 (2006): 173–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p05-088.

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Chilliwack-VR is a medium-maturing orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) population with high levels of resistance to Cocksfoot Mottle Virus (CfMV) suited to silage and hay production in regions with a moderate temperate climate. The population was developed at the Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre (PARC), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), Agassiz, BC, in collaboration with AAFC Research Centre, Lethbridge, AB. In BC trials, Chilliwack-VR yielded 5% more than the check cultivar Potomac without inoculation with CfMV and 23% better than the check when inoculated with the virus. In a southe

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20

Bittman, S., S. N. Acharya, and D. E. Hunt. "Cheam-VR orchardgrass." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 86, no. 1 (2006): 169–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p05-089.

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Abstract (sommario):

Cheam-VR is an early-maturing orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivar with high levels of resistance to Cocksfoot Mottle Virus (CfMV) suited to silage and hay production in regions with moderate temperate climate. The population was developed at the Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre (PARC), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), Agassiz, BC, in collaboration with AAFC Research Centre, Lethbridge, AB. In BC trials, Cheam-VR yielded 6% better than the check cultivar Potomac without inoculation with CfMV and 15% more than the check when inoculated with the virus. In a southern Alberta tri

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21

Majak, W., G. J. Garland, and T. J. Lysyk. "The effect of herbage mixtures of alfalfa and orchardgrass on the incidence of bloat in cattle." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 83, no. 4 (2003): 827–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/a03-078.

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Alfalfa herbage at the vegetative to early-bud stage of growth was simultaneously fed to cattle with alfalfa- grass mixtures containing 25, 40 or 50% orchardgrass. At all three levels of orchardgrass, there was either complete prevention of bloat or it was substantially reduced. Alfalfa alone yielded 334 cases of bloat as compared to 25 for the mixtures. During the warmest and driest intervals, bloat was reduced only by one-third when the feed alfalfa contained 25% orchardgrass. Key words: Steers, frothy bloat, Medicago sativa L., Dactylis glomerata L., mixed pastures

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22

Buhler, Douglas D., and Richard T. Proost. "Sequential Herbicide Treatments for Corn (Zea mays) Planted into Mixed-Species Perennial Sod." Weed Technology 4, no. 4 (1990): 781–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00026397.

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Field research from 1986 to 1988 evaluated control of alfalfa, dandelion, orchardgrass, and annual weeds in corn with sequential herbicide treatments. Glyphosate applied the previous fall controlled 95% or more of the dandelion and orchardgrass before postemergence treatments. Atrazine applied early preplant or with paraquat the day before planting only partially controlled the perennial species. Atrazine applied postemergence usually controlled vegetation escaping initial treatment except orchardgrass following the atrazine treatments. Adding tridiphane increased weed control with atrazine or

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23

Casler, M. D., S. L. Fales, D. J. Undersander, and A. R. McElroy. "Genetic progress from 40 years of orchardgrass breeding in North America measured under management-intensive rotational grazing." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 81, no. 4 (2001): 713–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p01-032.

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There has been considerable activity in breeding orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivars in North America during the latter half of the 20th century. The objective of this study was to determine if genetic improvements in the North American orchardgrass germplasm pool have been realized or can be detected under management intensive grazing. Forty-three orchardgrass cultivars, in three maturity groups, representing adapted North American germplasm and potentially unadapted European germplasm, were evaluated under management-intensive rotational grazing at two locations in the northern US

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24

Majak, W., G. J. Garland, and T. J. Lysyk. "The effect of feeding hay before fresh alfalfa on the occurrence of frothy bloat in cattle." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 88, no. 1 (2008): 29–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas07073.

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Alfalfa or orchardgrass hay was fed to cattle before feeding fresh alfalfa herbage at the vegetative to early bud stage of growth to observe the subsequent impact on bloat. Alfalfa hay supplements reduced the incidence of bloat by a third in one trial, but no effect was seen in a second trial. In contrast, supplements of orchardgrass hay reduced the occurrence of bloat by > 90% in 2 yr of trials. Supplemental orchardgrass hay can be effective in the control of pasture bloat. Key words: Steers, frothy bloat, Medicago sativa L., Dactylis glomerata L., hay supplements

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25

Fisher, L. J., S. Bittman, D. E. Hunt, J. A. Shelford, and B. D. Mason. "A comparison of tall fescue and orchardgrass silages for lactating cows." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 73, no. 4 (1993): 907–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas93-092.

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The feeding value of tall fescue silage (Festuca arundinacea schreb.) harvested at the boot stage of maturity with a crude protein (CP) content of 15.4% was compared to that of orchardgrass silage (Dactylis glomerata) harvested at the same stage of maturity with a CP content of 12.5%. Two feeding trials with lactating cows were used in this comparison. The first trial employed 10 cows in a 2 × 2 Latin- square, with treatment period 35 d in length. In the second experiment five cows were used in a preference trial where individual feed intakes, duration of feeding, and rate of forage consumptio

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26

Drapeau, R. "Une régie de trois coupes chez le dactyle (Dactylis glomerata L.) en régions agricoles du Moyen-Nord de l'Est du Canada." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 79, no. 2 (1999): 231–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p98-057.

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Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) has good winter survival in the mid-north agricultural areas of eastern Canada. There is no information on the cutting management to use after the first harvest of orchardgrass under these climatic conditions. The objective of this study was to determine the required interval between harvests following a first harvest at heading stage to optimise the productivity and maintain the persistence of orchardgrass. An interval of 35 d between harvests was sufficient to obtain annual yields of 4 to 6 tonnes of dry matter per hectare. An interval of 28 d between har

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Buntić, Aneta, Olivera Stajković-Srbinović, Mila Pešić, Zoran Dinić, Mira Milinković, and Magdalena Knežević. "Improvement of yield and nutrient composition of orchardgrass in soils with increased nickel concentration by inoculation with Bacillus strains." Zemljiste i biljka 73, no. 2 (2024): 14–28. https://doi.org/10.5937/zembilj2402014b.

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The pollution of soil by potentially toxic trace elements (PTE) is increasing every year and has become a serious problem worldwide. Plant growth is influenced by numerous interactions with the environmental factors and organisms from the surrounding soil, including high concentration of PTE. The aim of this research was to evaluate the possibility of growing orchardgrass in soils with an increased Ni concentration and improvement of the plant quality in these stressful conditions using Bacillus inoculums. In addition, the plant growth promoting traits and the germination of inoculated Dactyli

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Xie, Wengang, Joseph G. Robins, and B. Shaun Bushman. "A genetic linkage map of tetraploid orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) and quantitative trait loci for heading date." Genome 55, no. 5 (2012): 360–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g2012-026.

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Orchardgrass ( Dactylis glomerata L.), or cocksfoot, is indigenous to Eurasia and northern Africa, but has been naturalized on nearly every continent and is one of the top perennial forage grasses grown worldwide. To improve the understanding of genetic architecture of orchardgrass and provide a template for heading date candidate gene search in this species, the goals of the present study were to construct a tetraploid orchardgrass genetic linkage map and identify quantitative trait loci associated with heading date. A combination of SSR markers derived from an orchardgrass EST library and AF

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29

Cömertpay, Gonul, and Hüseyin Özpınar. "Elit Domuz Ayrığı (Dactylis glomerata L.) Genotiplerinde Genetik Çeşitliliğin SSR Markörleri ile Belirlenmesi." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 7, no. 1 (2019): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v7i1.127-133.2313.

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Abstract (sommario):

Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) is an economically important, and widely cultivated perennial forage grass. The aim of this study was to determine the genetic diversity and genetic relationship among the orchardgrass breeding lines developed in Aegean Agricultural Research Institute, using simple sequence repeat (SSR, microsatellite) molecular markers. The genetic diversity of 32 orchardgrass was assessed using a set of 24 SSR markers. SSR primer pair combinations yielded 126 alleles for all genotypes. The number of alleles per locus ranged from three to seven with an average of 5.25 alle

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Alber, N. B., G. E. Brink, and R. D. Jackson. "Temperate grass response to extent and timing of grazing." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 94, no. 5 (2014): 827–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps2013-404.

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Abstract (sommario):

Alber, N. B., Brink, G. E. and Jackson, R. D. 2014. Temperate grass response to extent and timing of grazing. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 827–833. Considerable differences exist among cool-season grass species in their production potential and response to management variables. We examined the effects of grazing management on forage and root production of two temperate perennial grasses, meadow fescue [Schedonorus pratensis (Huds.) P. Beauv.] and orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.). Grazing factors studied were extent of defoliation (50 or 100% biomass removal) and stage of maturity (vegetative or

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Magee, K. J., M. H. Poore, J. C. Burns, and G. B. Huntington. "Nitrogen metabolism in beef steers fed gamagrass or orchardgrass hay with or without a supplement." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 85, no. 1 (2005): 107–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/a04-045.

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A 50:50 soybean hull:corn grain supplement fed at 0.75% of body weight (BW) decreased ad libitum gamagrass or orchardgrass hay intake by steers, but increased total dry matter (DM) intake, DM digestibility, N intake, and N retained. Supplementation had a greater effect on N metabolism in steers fed orchardgrass than steers fed gamagrass. Key words: Steers, beef, hulls, soybean, metabolism, nitrogen

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32

Shateryan, D., B. E. Coulman, and D. E. Mather. "Recurrent restricted phenotypic selection for forage yield in timothy and orchardgrass." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 75, no. 4 (1995): 871–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps95-144.

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Abstract (sommario):

Three cycles of recurrent restricted phenotypic selection for forage yield were carried out in orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L. 'Avon' and 'Pennlate') and timothy (Phleum pratense L. 'Salvo' and 'Drummond'). The objectives of this study were to measure the effectiveness of this selection and to assess whether the selection produced any correlated responses on other characters. The three selected cycles and the original populations (cycle 0) were evaluated in both sward and space-planted experiments over a period of 4 yr. For the majority of the years of evaluation, there were no significant

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33

Bushman, B. Shaun, Devesh Singh, Robin Lamp, et al. "Variation Among Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata) Germplasm for Choke Prevalence Caused by Epichloë typhina." Plant Disease 103, no. 2 (2019): 324–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-05-18-0867-re.

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Abstract (sommario):

Orchardgrass, or cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.), is a cool-season forage grass susceptible to the choke disease caused by Epichloë typhina. Choke has been reported in orchardgrass seed production fields across the temperate regions of the world, but fungicides have not been efficacious in reducing choke incidence or prevalence. To assess the potential for genetic resistance or tolerance of orchardgrass to choke, we evaluated the variation in orchardgrass cultivars and accessions for choke prevalence and characterized infected plants for endophyte secondary metabolite and mating type gene pr

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34

Conger, B. V. "Registration of ‘Persist’ Orchardgrass." Crop Science 43, no. 1 (2003): 436. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2003.0436.

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35

Conger, B. V. "Registration of ‘Persist’ Orchardgrass." Crop Science 43, no. 1 (2003): 436. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2003.4360.

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36

Casler, M. D., R. E. Barker, J. H. Cherney, and Y. A. Papadopolous. "Stability of Nonflowering Orchardgrass." Crop Science 44, no. 5 (2004): 1601–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2004.1601.

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37

Stratton, S. D., C. W. Edminster, and R. R. Ronnenkamp. "Registration of ‘Rancho’ Orchardgrass." Crop Science 25, no. 2 (1985): 366. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1985.0011183x002500020047x.

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38

McClain, Eugene F. "Registration of ‘Piedmont’ Orchardgrass." Crop Science 26, no. 4 (1986): 835–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1986.0011183x002600040047x.

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39

Winsett, B. L., S. D. Stratton, and S. J. Baluch. "Registration of ‘Benchmark’ Orchardgrass." Crop Science 31, no. 2 (1991): 492. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1991.0011183x003100020077x.

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40

Kalton, R. R., and P. Richardson. "Registration of ‘Dawn’ Orchardgrass." Crop Science 34, no. 3 (1994): 819. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1994.0011183x003400030041x.

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41

Kalton, R. R., and P. Richardson. "Registration of ‘Duke’ Orchardgrass." Crop Science 37, no. 3 (1997): 1021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183x003700030080x.

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42

Casler, Micheal D., David A. Sleper, Irving T. Carlson, Clyde C. Berg, and Reed E. Barker. "Registration of ‘Albert’ Orchardgrass." Crop Science 38, no. 5 (1998): 1402. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1998.0011183x003800050053x.

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43

Gray, P. J., R. N. Trigiano, and B. V. Conger. "SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS IN ORCHARDGRASS." HortScience 28, no. 5 (1993): 467e—467. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.28.5.467e.

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Abstract (sommario):

Morphologically-faithful somatic embryos, as well as embryogenic calli, emerge directly from cultured leaf bases of selected orchardgrass clones. The highly embryogenic clone `Embryogen-P', released by the University of Tennessee, can be maintained in greenhouse pots as a ready source of material for laboratory exercises. To initiate embryogenic cultures, the basal 2 cm of the innermost three leaves are split in half longitudinally, surface disinfested in 25% bleach solution with a drop of detergent for 2 min, then rinsed twice in sterile water. The leaf halves are cut crosswise into 3-5 mm se

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44

McKenzie, D. B., Y. A. Papadopoulos, K. B. McRae, and E. Butt. "Compositional changes over four years for binary mixtures of grass species grown with white clover." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 85, no. 2 (2005): 351–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p03-065.

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Abstract (sommario):

Kentucky bluegrass, meadow fescue, orchardgrass, tall fescue, timothy, and reed canarygrass were seeded in all possible two-grass combinations with white clover in conventional and underseeded barley treatments using a split-plot design at the Western Agriculture Centre near Pynn’s Brook, NL. The objectives were: (1) to assess dry matter yield (DMY) of two binary grass species when sown with white clover in mixtures under a system with cuttings at similar crop growth stages as rotational grazing and to assess the effect of underseeding to barley on this system; (2) to identify mixtures that en

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45

BURITY, H. A., B. E. COULMAN, and M. A. FARIS. "NITROGENASE ACTIVITY OF ALFALFA GROWN ALONE AND IN MIXTURE WITH GRASS UNDER GREENHOUSE CONDITIONS." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 65, no. 3 (1985): 787–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps85-102.

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Abstract (sommario):

A greenhouse experiment has shown that total nitrogenase activity of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is not significantly affected when grown in association with timothy (Phleum pratense L.), smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss) or orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) except after initial harvest when decreased alfalfa activity was associated with smooth bromegrass or orchardgrass. It was concluded that mixed cultures of alfalfa with timothy, smooth bromegrass or orchardgrass have no effect on alfalfa N2 fixation. The results also suggest the occurrence of N transference from alfalfa to assoc

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46

N'Dayegamiye, Adrien, Raynald Royer, and Pierre Audesse. "Nitrogen mineralization and availability in manure composts from Québec biological farms." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 77, no. 3 (1997): 345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s96-004.

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Abstract (sommario):

The real contribution of composts to N availability depends on their characteristics and maturity. A laboratory incubation experiment (140 d) was conducted parallel to a greenhouse study (330 d) in a split-split-plot design, with, respectively, two peat rates (0, 20 gkg−1 soil), five manure composts and four compost rates (0, 250, 500 and 750 gkg−1 soil). Compost N mineralization, orchardgrass (Dactylis Glomerata L.) yield and N uptake were measured. Total amount of mineralized N and yields and N uptake for six cuts of orchardgrass varied significantly with the type of composts and rate. Peat

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47

Farnham, D. E., and J. R. George. "Dinitrogen fixation and nitrogen transfer among red clover cultivars." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 73, no. 4 (1993): 1047–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps93-136.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is an important perennial forage legume used for hay or as pasture in crop rotations. Despite its traditional usage as a source of nitrogen (N) for cropping systems, little information is available on the amounts of atmospheric dinitrogen (N2) that red clover fixes or transfers to an associated grass during long-term stands. Field research was undertaken in 1989 and 1990 to compare N2 fixation and N transfer potentials of one experimental and three common red clover cultivars seeded in binary mixtures with orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.). Dinitrogen fixa

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48

Pfender, W. F., and S. C. Alderman. "Geographical Distribution and Incidence of Orchardgrass Choke, Caused by Epichloë typhina, in Oregon." Plant Disease 83, no. 8 (1999): 754–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1999.83.8.754.

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Abstract (sommario):

A 1998 survey was conducted in the Willamette Valley of Oregon, the major U.S. production area for orchardgrass seed, to determine the extent and severity of choke disease in Dactylis glomerata. This disease is a severe constraint to orchardgrass seed production in other parts of the world, but was unknown in Oregon prior to 1997. Thirty-seven fields, representing 27 cultivars and the geographical extent of production in the Willamette Valley, were selected from a list of fields registered for certification. Choke was found in 26 (70%) of the fields, and disease incidence ranged from <0.05

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49

Wang, Miaoli, Guanyan Feng, Zhongfu Yang, et al. "Genome-Wide Characterization of the Aux/IAA Gene Family in Orchardgrass and a Functional Analysis of DgIAA21 in Responding to Drought Stress." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 22 (2023): 16184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms242216184.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Drought stress is an important factor that reduces plant biomass production and quality. As one of the most important economic forage grasses, orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata) has high drought tolerance. Auxin/indole-3-acetic acid (Aux/IAA) is one of the early responsive gene families of auxin and plays a key role in the response to drought stress. However, the characteristics of the Aux/IAA gene family in orchardgrass and their potential function in responding to drought stress remain unclear. Here, 30 Aux/IAA members were identified in orchardgrass. Segmental duplication may be an important

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50

Feng, Guangyan, Xiaoheng Xu, Wen Liu, et al. "Transcriptome Profiling Provides Insights into the Early Development of Tiller Buds in High- and Low-Tillering Orchardgrass Genotypes." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 22 (2023): 16370. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms242216370.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) is among the most economically important perennial cool-season grasses, and is considered an excellent hay, pasture, and silage crop in temperate regions worldwide. Tillering is a vital feature that dominates orchardgrass regeneration and biomass yield. However, transcriptional dynamics underlying early-stage bud development in high- and low-tillering orchardgrass genotypes are unclear. Thus, this study assessed the photosynthetic parameters, the partially essential intermediate biomolecular substances, and the transcriptome to elaborate the early-stage pro

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