Tesi sul tema "Organisation intégrative"
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Benedetti, Andrea. "Le Bureau socialiste international : de boîte postale à organisation intégrative, 1900-1918". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAG015.
Testo completoThis thesis examines the International Socialist Bureau (ISB) through the prism of the gradual evolution of its competences, from its laborious creation in an internationalist milieu that rejected institutional centralisation, to the institution's paradoxical survival during the First World War, when the Second International had broken up. We are interested in the rationale behind the transformation of the ISB from a simple liaison tool to a coordinating body for transnational political mobilisation, in an attempt to understand the extent to which it can be likened to the contemporary concept of integrative organisation. This will enable us to ascertain whether the evolution of the ISB can be seen as a redefinition of internationalist dynamics themselves, aimed at making solidarity across borders palpable at a time of exacerbated nationalism in Europe
Sainfort, François. "Innovation et organisation : vers une théorie intégratrice". Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ECAP0059.
Testo completoFoli, Olivia. "Plaintes, normes et intégration : Le cas d’une organisation bureaucratique". Phd thesis, Paris 9, 2008. https://bu.dauphine.psl.eu/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2008PA090014.
Testo completoWhen we study how complaints are expressed, we can remark how their sense can often be varied and often dependent on the situation and on the audience to which these grievances are addressed. If we follow an ethnographic approach while studying a specific enterprise, we can remark that the expression of the complaint is not necessarily brought about by a feeling of ill-being. How can we explain that there is an undeniable phenomenon of complaints in these organizations? Empirical observations can lead us to conclude that the complaints are strongly linked to the social environment within the organization. The case of the enterprise studied shows that the way in which the complaint is communicated, as well as the consequences of the complaint are dependent on bureaucratic regulations which results in a subdued participation. The standards in this environment fashion and orientate the expression of the complaint and eliminate the effects of the complaints which would have brought about a change, and rather it favours the expansion of the dominant culture. Paradoxically, the voicing of a complaint is more often than not a sign of loyalty towards the organization and of integration rather than a sign of protest. The complaint in itself may not be authentic but acts as a way of revitalizing the social bonds. It offers a way of socialising and also a method of escaping from an enterprise culture which, if not carried out, would be suffocating. Consequently, the expression of the complaint underlines the stratification of an organization and the way in which people see their social role more or less at a distance with the role given to them by their enterprise
Foli, Olivia. "Plaintes, normes et intégration. Le cas d'une organisation bureaucratique". Phd thesis, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00326128.
Testo completoAit-Hocine, Nawal. "Les nouvelles relations est-ouest : coopération-intégration". Nice, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NICE0019.
Testo completoFernandez, Laure. "Organisation d'un geste de pointage de précision : Le couplage information-mouvement". Aix-Marseille 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX22090.
Testo completoZannoli, Marina. "Organisation de l'espace audiovisuel tridimensionnel". Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00789816.
Testo completoDufour, Lucas. "Les déterminants de l'intégration des jeunes à faible capital scolaire au sein des organisations". Aix-Marseille 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX32083.
Testo completoBascans, Jérémy. "Modèles de mémoires d'entreprise avec intégration automatique d'informations". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30144.
Testo completoToday, companies manipulate large volumes of information that are constantly increasing, always more complex and heterogeneous, in their content and their structures. This information, necessary for these enterprises' operation, represents a knowledge capital often not exploited. As a result, special attention is given to Organizational Memory (OM) systems. The purpose of these memories is to capitalize the information produced and exchanged by the internal and external actors (Information System (IS), employees, customers, suppliers, etc.) of the company with the aim of representing and sharing them while helping collaborative decision-making. Thereby organized, shared and reused information becomes organizational knowledge. The implementation of this memory requires a strong involvement of all stakeholders by directly impacting their tasks and requiring changes to their IS. In this context, this thesis objective is to enable the automatic capitalization of information by automatically organizing, representing and contextualizing the information so that they can be shared and exploited while minimizing the stakeholders' effort. In addition to involving stakeholders, current research is often limited to solutions specific to the companies and memories types. To help overcome these limitations, we propose an " Adaptive Organizational Memory with Automatic Integration of Information process ", based on an extended heterogeneous network. A first level of this approach proposes a meta-model of OM correlated to a process of automatic integration of information independent of the company type, the job and its stakeholders. In order to help any type of company to build its OM from the meta-model, we propose, at a second level, a generic and extensible model linked to an algorithm of automatic integration of the information, named OMAII for Organizational Memory with Automatic Integration of Information process. This OMAII model has been implemented and validated in its ability to automatically integrate new information in a relevant way. Because Wikipedia is an important vector of knowledge based on the collaborative creation based on very strong values of sharing, we chose to evaluate the capacity of our prototype to organize the information in the same way. The evaluation concerns the automatic information matching process of which the purpose is to intelligibly associate the information with each other in the memory in a non-deterministic general framework. To do this, we first evaluated and compared our approach by linking documents to interest subjects in a similar way to Wikipedia to compare similarities and dissimilarities between them. In a second step, we conducted a detailed study of the dissimilarities through a human evaluation of the information organization within our OM and its automatic integration
Duret, Roxane. "De l'émergence des risques à leur intégration dans une organisation : le cas de l'industrie de la construction". Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01E068.
Testo completoThe major companies of the construction industry wish to integrate the concept of prevention within their organizations by seeking technical and organizational improvements and by implementing coercive or participatory methods whose goal is to deal with the human factor. This industry aims at controlling the risks inherent to the construction sites of which several classifications can be determined. Those classifications have in common their purpose, which is to draw up an exhaustive list from an infinite set according to variable criteria. After analyzing the different factors that influence the genesis of the risks in such a specific environment as the building sites, we propose a dynamic model for risk understanding and decision-making, based on the mobilization of the TNI and the Theory of social representations More specifically, considering the characteristics of the current emerging risks, we wonder about the relevance of the means implemented by the organization towards their integration
Bardon, Thibaut. "Penser les outils de gestion comme des morales organisationnelles : Proposition d’un cadre intégratif foucaldien". Paris 9, 2011. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2011PA090015.
Testo completoIn this work, we propose to investigate management practices using a foucauldian perspective. To do so, we mobilize the integrative concept of ‘moral’ proposed by Foucault in order to question the discipline and the asceticism that are prescribed to organizational actors, i. E. What we call the prescribed organizational moral, as well as the individual morality of behaviors understood as the discipline and asceticism that organizational actors conduct in practice. The research question of this work can be formulated as follow: “How do organizational morals work?”. We aim to contribute to current foucauldian studies in several ways: First, the concept of ‘moral’ is particularly helpful to understand the complementary between the discipline and the asceticism prescribed to organizational actors. Second, while prescribed asceticisms have already been investigated in details, the asceticisms that organizational actors conduct in practice still need to be explored. Third, and relatedly, our work aims to better understand individuals’ reactions to management practices by considering that the ‘responses’ they produce within the organization context tighly depend on the ways organizational actors ‘see themselves’ and ‘ work on themselves’ in practice
Haller, Coralie. "Développement et valorisation des routines d’échanges d’informations au sein du territoire vitivinicole provençal : l’effectuation comme approche intégrative". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM2002.
Testo completoIn this research, we are looking at information exchanges processes among actors, using three theoretical appoaches : organisational routines (Lewin et al. 2011), proximity approches (Pecqueur et Zimmermann, 2004 ; Torre et Beuret, 2012 ; Torrès, 2003, 2009) and the effectuation theory (Sarasvathy, 2003, 2007). Our itent is to understand the role of causal/effectual modes of reasoning in the articulation of organisational routines within context of proximity among actors. Using a qualitative method based on a single-case involving embedded units of analysis, we are studying small and medium size entreprises (SMEs) of the Provence wine industry. Our abductive approach is organised around an exploratory and a descriptive/ comprehensive phase. We proceeded textual analyses, with the help of softwares and content analyses, using the continuous comparison method borrowed from the grounded theory. Our findings reveal that the triangulation of various informations stemming from exchanges processes developped with different actors in a proximity context, participate to the evolution of the managers' modes of reasoning from causal to effectual and vice-versa. We discussed that the effectuation theory and more precisely, the causal/effectal modes of reasoning, can be considered as in integrative approach which contribute to a better understanding of the informations exchanges processes among actors. We argued more precisely, that interactions between causal and effectual modes of reasoning of wine SMEs managers are related to the mediation of internal and external organisational routines build on mix of proximities
Staelens, Patrick. "Droit du travail, intégration économique et "clause sociale" à la lumière de l'expérience nord-américaine". Saint-Etienne, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997STETT42X.
Testo completoRegional economic integration processes lead to consequences in the social field and in labour law; this situation has fed a debate on labour law transformation to which this thesis contributes. Its main hypothesis is the following: the naalc that the three contries decided to add to the fre-trade because of the economical, political and legal differences constitutes a main reference in the current debate about a "social clause" in international trade. This device could be the vehicle of a scale transformation of labour law that the globalization of the economy requires. In a preliminary section, the background of the north-american integration is analysed and is actually seen as a silent economic integration built around the u. S. . The process has been followed by an important transformation of labour relations in the three countries, generating a social degradation in canada and the u. S. And a real social desintegration in mexico. Part i points out the asymetries in the labour law framework of the three countries. A detailled study of the naalc follows in which the specificities of the agreement are documented. The two first years of its application have confirmed its innovative features. The analysis leads to the elaboration of a theoty of the social clause in part ii. After giving some terminological definitions, the thesis presents the pros and cons of resorting to a socialclause. The analysis of different types of social clauses (unilateral, multilateral and autonomous) leads to an evaluation of the treatment of the linkage beetween economic integration and labour standards. European integration, mercosur and the alena are compared. The ilo system is also analysed in order to specify the role it could play in the application of a social clause that could possibly be linked to the wto
Chabroux, Elodie. "La fonction de marketing au sein des organisations artistiques et culturelles : nature et degré de son intégration effective". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0164/document.
Testo completoThis work examines the nature and effects of integrating marketing logic into arts and culture organizations. The research aims to update and extend the knowledge acquired about the “conflict” between artists and managers exposed by Chiapello (1998) while orienting it towards the conflict between artists and marketers. As part of a comprehensive approach, this work is based on the case method. A qualitative exploratory study consisting of 17 interviews precedes the realization of 5 case studies, conducted at the Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF), the Bibliothèque publique d’information (Bpi), the Musée national d’art moderne Centre Pompidou (MNAM), the Musée des beaux-arts de Montréal (MBAM) and the Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec (BAnQ). The implementation of the case studies is based on significant immersion periods in the institutions mentioned; during these periods semi-structured interviews and observations were collected and analyzed. In addition, this research led to a comparative France-Canada analysis. In addition to the report on the actuality of the conflict established, the thesis proposes ways to write an effective integration of marketing in cultural organizations
Nguyen, Tien Vinh. "Les problèmes juridiques de l'intégration des pays en développement au système commercial multilatéral de l'OMC : la cas du Vietnam". Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA070024.
Testo completoThe WTO is both an international organization and a set of agreements defining the rules of the international trade. Integration into the WTO means integrating the contemporary multilateral trading system, which is necessary and irreversible for developing countries. However, this integration raises many challenges and difficulties. The institutional integration of developing countries is reflected in the fact that they benefit primarily from the status of membership in the WTO. Furthermore, it is important that they should participate effectively in the process of decision making and its dispute settlement system. Material integration in the WTO requires developing countries to ensure that their own national rules and business practices conform to relevant WTO rules. In particular, it also requires these countries to take advantage of opportunities created by the implementation of these rules to meet their own specific needs and interests. The choice of Vietnam as example can decline the subject into three main parts: the first deals with the process of accession, the second is the implementation of the WTO agreements and the third addresses the question of participation in the operation and dispute settlement system of the WTO
Yapi, Koffi. "L' intégration institutionnelle des états africains dans le système commercial multilatéral : l'organisation mondial du commerce (OMC)". Reims, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007REIMD009.
Testo completoThe author deels with institutional integration of African states in the WTO. He wounded how can African countries have an acting role in the process of the WTO in order to make profits and contribute to their development. They rules of the WTO are irriguated by a main principe: no discrimination. But, because of the inequalities in the level development of the WTO members, this principle can’t be applied erga omnes. This result on an institution based on mechanism of integration including solidarity. In practice, competition is distorted, and poor states don’t have advantages compared to big countries. Moreover, the paralysis of the negotiations with WTO is due mainly to the inflexibility of the developed countries on the agricultural subsidies in particular. It is not thus a question for the African countries to make figuration as it was the case with GATT, but to use their multilateral frameworks in order to make account their specificities and benefit from the globalisation. The trade, while being an instrument of development is not the only factor. That why, the necessity for the African countries to proceed moreover, with structural interne reforms, like with the reinforcement of the interafrican regional cooperation
Benoist, Camille. "Intégration fonctionnelle du complexe SMC chez bacillus subtilis : étude de suppresseurs". Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA112268.
Testo completoSMC proteins (for "Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes") are involved in different aspects of chromosome dynamic such as condensation, segregation and DNA repair. Indeed, a Bacillus subtilis mutant lacking the SMC complex shows severe phenotypes such as defects in condensation and chromosome partitioning, an increase in sensitivity DNA damaging drugs or gyrase inhibitors. The viability of such strain is limited to conditions of slow growth. To understand the range of phenotypes associated with loss of this gene, a genetic identification of new partners was undertaken: spontaneous suppressors of smc deletion were isolated in rapid growth conditions. Different classes of suppressors have been identified, suggesting that different mutations could restore the viability of a strain lacking SMC complex. Characterization of suppressors revealed they can restore some of the defects shown in Δsmc mutant, particularly resistance to gyrase inhibitors, and seemed to limit the formation of DNA breaks. By sequencing the complete genome of suppressors, some of these mutations have been identified and cause an alteration of the biosynthetic pathway of transfer RNA. This disruption can restore the growth defect more efficiently than inhibition of translation by drugs such as chloramphenicol, or by reducing the pool of nucleotides by hydroxyurea. Taken together, these results suggest that the stringent response could be partly responsible for the suppressor phenotype. It is proposed that apart from the compaction of the chromosome, the SMC complex is directly involved in maintaining the integrity of replication forks
Cioli, Claudia. "Organisation multi-échelle du cortex humain : des réseaux anatomo-fonctioneles à l'expression des gènes". Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066412/document.
Testo completoThis work is conceived in the present panorama of fast development of large databases gathering experimental results about the organization of the human brain at different scales. This abundance of information calls for an intra and inter-disciplinary effort aimed to synthesize this information in a coherent way.The aim of this thesis was to contribute to this effort for knowledge synthesis to better understand the multiscale organization of the cerebral cortex. The work followed two paths: an intra-disciplinary effort to bring together results produced by the brain imaging community with particular focus on Resting State and Task Based MRI experiments; an inter-disciplinary attempt to draw a link between the anatomo-functional organization of the cortex as emerging from brain imaging studies and the cortical patterns of gene expression as revealed by recently published atlases of the adult human brain transcriptome.The thesis is organized into three parts: In Part I studied the anatomo-functional organization of the human cortex starting from brain imaging studies. In Part II we studied the link between cortical gene expression and the anatomo-functional organization of the cortex both in term of their topography and in term of their function, focusing in particular on information processing and memory formation. In Part III we present a platform that we developed to favor knowledge integration between cognitive networks and gene expression databases.In perspective we show how our approach may provide new insights to the debate about neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases on one hand, modeling of dynamical processes in different areas of the cortex on the other
Chamberland, Manon. "Le développement du pouvoir d'agir des personnes et des collectivités : un aperçu des pratiques avec des femmes immigrantes au sein d'organisations communautaires de Montréal, Bruxelles et Grenoble". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25587.
Testo completoIn recent decades, theses related to neoliberalism, changes in technology and the exponential growth of knowledge have not only affected the labour market but also the organization of social services. These developments have had effects both for those who experience a form of marginalization (women, new immigrants, youth, etc.) and the stakeholders who support them. Empowerment is one of the alternatives mentioned regularly to help support the initiatives of individuals and communities but knowledge on the conditions of its implementation is still lacking, especially as this process takes different forms depending on the context. This exploratory qualitative research, based on the case study of community organizations in Montreal, Brussels and Grenoble, focused on practices aimed at supporting the social and professional integration of immigrant women used by workers in community organizations and the benefits identified by the immigrant women concerned. How do community organization workers support the empowerment of immigrant women? Which components of the practices used with immigrant women in these community organizations appear to be conducive to their empowerment? What knowledge is mobilized by the workers? What are the benefits of these practices, as identified by the immigrant women themselves? These questions directed our examination of these practices and the knowledge mobilized by them, from the perspective of both the workers in these community organizations and the immigrant women supported by them. A total of 13 workers took part in one or two semi-structured interviews and 27 immigrant women participated in group interviews in each of the community organizations studied. The results identified four foundations on which the practices of community organization workers are based and reports on the choices made by these workers in their practices, situated on four continuums. Finally, the benefits identified by immigrant women have impacts at different levels, recalling that these practices simultaneously contribute to supporting the development of empowerment of both individuals and communities.
Kaka, Amadou. "Stragégie et organisation des groupes industriels implantés en Afrique de l'ouest : relations entre sociétés mères et filiales, et intégration aux économies d'accueil". Poitiers, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991POIT4005.
Testo completoThe establishment of french industrial groups in west africa has several reasons. Some are the constraints and threats wich they meet in their environment and their concern for not being penelised by the states in order to promote the economic development, to act on this one (defensive strategy). Others are for research in specialisation strategies or rarely for diversification in order to exploit some opportunities : abundant and cheaper production factors, easily accessible markets, technical, commercial, managerial skills and competence available in the group (offensive strategy). The realisation of assigned objectives to the african subsidiaries demand the establishment of permanents contacts (organised as well azs informal), between those responsible for this and the parent company, in wich the organ charge with supervis ry powers is not the only one concerned. The internal relations regarding the planification, financing, supplying, production, commercialisation,. . . Reveal a strong integration of african subsidiaries in their membership group, whose influence is exercised in all the domains. With this system of "closed relations", their directions enjoy a limited autonomy. Consequently the importance of the parent company reduces some influence of african countries on the management of subsidiaries that they receive, which poses
Muller, Laurent. "Contribution à la conduite du changement en PME : intégration des représentations organisationnelles au processus de changement participatif". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1999. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1999_MULLER_L.pdf.
Testo completoOrganizational innovation is today recognized as a major factor to the survival and development of firms. This is especially true for small and medium-sized businesses, which are defined here as the meeting point between a structuring formalization essential to their development, and a permanent reconstruction of their social system, based on the actors strategic game. We identify the inadequate integration of the latter aspect in organizational change projects as the main reason behind their failure. The purposes of this essay are to understand the role played by the formalization used in purposeful organizational change in order to define its limits ; to characterize a few modeling techniques with regard to the requirements of the process of change in businesses, and to infer contributing elements to Value development in SME. The state of the art and the choice of a few methodological tools of modeling techniques and formal representations enabled us to build an engineering of organizational development, which was put to the test in two cases of organizational change and which made it possible to assess the role played by formal representation in the process of change. Our research reveals the existence of a corpus of data which cannot be grasped by formal models alone. An integrated approach to change, including the technical, organizational, behavioral, and cognitive dimensions, calls for the construction of links between the formal model and the organizational actors' representation. These links have a structuring, rooting, mediation and mediatization role, and thus define a general framework for the integration of formal and individual representations in purposeful organizational change
Lumineau, Nicolas. "Organisation et localisation de données hétérogènes et réparties sur un réseau Pair-à-Pair". Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066436.
Testo completoDelanaux, Rémy. "Intégration de données liées respectueuse de la confidentialité". Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1303.
Testo completoIndividual privacy is a major and largely unexplored concern when publishing new datasets in the context of Linked Open Data (LOD). The LOD cloud forms a network of interconnected and publicly accessible datasets in the form of graph databases modeled using the RDF format and queried using the SPARQL language. This heavily standardized context is nowadays extensively used by academics, public institutions and some private organizations to make their data available. Yet, some industrial and private actors may be discouraged by potential privacy issues. To this end, we introduce and develop a declarative framework for privacy-preserving Linked Data publishing in which privacy and utility constraints are specified as policies, that is sets of SPARQL queries. Our approach is data-independent and only inspects the privacy and utility policies in order to determine the sequence of anonymization operations applicable to any graph instance for satisfying the policies. We prove the soundness of our algorithms and gauge their performance through experimental analysis. Another aspect to take into account is that a new dataset published to the LOD cloud is indeed exposed to privacy breaches due to the possible linkage to objects already existing in the other LOD datasets. In the second part of this thesis, we thus focus on the problem of building safe anonymizations of an RDF graph to guarantee that linking the anonymized graph with any external RDF graph will not cause privacy breaches. Given a set of privacy queries as input, we study the data-independent safety problem and the sequence of anonymization operations necessary to enforce it. We provide sufficient conditions under which an anonymization instance is safe given a set of privacy queries. Additionally, we show that our algorithms are robust in the presence of sameAs links that can be explicit or inferred by additional knowledge. To conclude, we evaluate the impact of this safety-preserving solution on given input graphs through experiments. We focus on the performance and the utility loss of this anonymization framework on both real-world and artificial data. We first discuss and select utility measures to compare the original graph to its anonymized counterpart, then define a method to generate new privacy policies from a reference one by inserting incremental modifications. We study the behavior of the framework on four carefully selected RDF graphs. We show that our anonymization technique is effective with reasonable runtime on quite large graphs (several million triples) and is gradual: the more specific the privacy policy is, the lesser its impact is. Finally, using structural graph-based metrics, we show that our algorithms are not very destructive even when privacy policies cover a large part of the graph. By designing a simple and efficient way to ensure privacy and utility in plausible usages of RDF graphs, this new approach suggests many extensions and in the long run more work on privacy-preserving data publishing in the context of Linked Open Data
Bila, Andrea. "The voices of Islam? Muslim Organisations and the State in Britain and France". Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030111.
Testo completoSuccessive British and French governments have encouraged the formation of bodies claiming to speak for Muslims since the early 1990s. However, nearly two decades after the Muslim Council of Britain (MCB) was created in 1997, the issue of Muslim representation is still pending. In France, the trajectory of the government-backed the Conseil français du culte musulman (CFCM) created in 2003 is parallel in some respects: weakened by the members’ infighting, it finally failed to achieve organisational unity.In my dissertation, I draw parallels between the two cases and consider the reasons which led to the decline of these national ‘representative’ bodies. Using government reports, official statements, press articles and personal accounts of the individuals involved in their inception, I argue that they played a significant role in the early stages of Muslim mobilisation. However, once their legitimacy and ability to cater for Muslim communities in the new post-9/11 context was called into question, the national councils gave way to new types of Muslim political mobilisation.As a result, a multitude of “progressive” Muslim organisations focusing on social cohesion, interfaith outreach, civic participation and social welfare emerged. By shifting their objectives from accommodating the needs of the Muslim communities to social cohesion as a whole, these new local actors not only help build new Muslim identities but also strive to transform the image of Muslims from an inward-looking community to outward-looking dynamic citizens
Cioli, Claudia. "Organisation multi-échelle du cortex humain : des réseaux anatomo-fonctioneles à l'expression des gènes". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2015. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2015PA066412.pdf.
Testo completoThis work is conceived in the present panorama of fast development of large databases gathering experimental results about the organization of the human brain at different scales. This abundance of information calls for an intra and inter-disciplinary effort aimed to synthesize this information in a coherent way.The aim of this thesis was to contribute to this effort for knowledge synthesis to better understand the multiscale organization of the cerebral cortex. The work followed two paths: an intra-disciplinary effort to bring together results produced by the brain imaging community with particular focus on Resting State and Task Based MRI experiments; an inter-disciplinary attempt to draw a link between the anatomo-functional organization of the cortex as emerging from brain imaging studies and the cortical patterns of gene expression as revealed by recently published atlases of the adult human brain transcriptome.The thesis is organized into three parts: In Part I studied the anatomo-functional organization of the human cortex starting from brain imaging studies. In Part II we studied the link between cortical gene expression and the anatomo-functional organization of the cortex both in term of their topography and in term of their function, focusing in particular on information processing and memory formation. In Part III we present a platform that we developed to favor knowledge integration between cognitive networks and gene expression databases.In perspective we show how our approach may provide new insights to the debate about neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases on one hand, modeling of dynamical processes in different areas of the cortex on the other
Plamondon, Gabrielle. "Le réseau comme organisation du travail en itinéranceh[ressource électronique] : le cas de la (ré)intégration socioprofessionnelle des femmes dans la ville de Montréal". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28187.
Testo completoN'Guessan, Donald Jean-Marc. "Développement et intégration régionale en Afrique de l'Ouest : analyse des contributions de l'OHADA et de l'UEMOA". Reims, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REIMD002.
Testo completoThe legal integration thus seems promising one locomotive of the economic integration. The trust which law OHADA should arouse at the economic operator's, by proceeding gradually to the legal and judicial reassurance of the common market of the UEMOA, should incite them to create there and to develop economic activities. It, in that we wonder to know in the business law OHADA can arouse the deprive direct investment foreign or national, considered in the third millenium as the engine of the growth, in the space UEMOA, freedom of circulation. In the optics of this security and impulsive approach, the OHADA and the UEMOA are going to participate in the construction of this community legal framework through a device conceived around four axes, namely : a device of organization safety capable of guaranteeing the solidty and the autonomous and long-lasting functioning of the community institutions asked to lead the project of integration to its realization ; the consecration of a legal integration relative to the business, as fundamental tool of consolidation of the economic integration ; the construction of community structures asked to defend this law the application of which is determining in the safety in business connections ; finally, the institution of the freedom of circulation in all the community space to facilitate the intra-community exchanges, indispensable to the regional juridico-economic dynamics ; and which the analysis should allow to estimate the level of realization and the feature of this plateform OHADA-UEMOA
Kane, Diallo Aïssatou Kamissokho. "Intégration juridique dans la zone franc : Le cas de l'Organisation pour l'Harmonisation en Afrique du Droit des Affaires (OHADA)". Perpignan, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PERP0905.
Testo completoKasmi, Jamel. "La nature juridique du MERCOSUR : contribution à la théorie de l'intégration à travers l'étude d'une organisation d'intégration non communautaire". Rennes 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN1G040.
Testo completoThe MERCOSUR treaty does not correspond to any existing integration model on the international scene. This constitutive treaty adopted in 1991 has chosen a regional integration model different from the «European integration» model. The choice was made to embrace and transform the E. U. Vision and ambitions of the first models of integration to the specific characteristics of an association sui generis between developing countries. Because of this double choice, MERCOSUR is a « conceptual hybrid ». Influenced by pragmatism, MERCOSUR is an integration organization still « primitive » - rudimentary - which evolves legally and institutionally following needs and crises it goes through. Nevertheless, MERCOSUR is the fourth global trading force and for this reason an economical and commercial success. Backed by a legal personality under international public law since 1994, MERCOSUR has been a resounding success regarding its international outreach in recent years. However, the MERCOSUR treaty relations with third partners have an impact on the evolving organization. The MERCOSUR external activity is at the heart of two contradictory and logical trends of the Member States : control the MERCOSUR external policy and give MERCOSUR the ability to bind those partners in particular matters
Boudella, Ahmed. "Intégration militaire et autonomie politique de l’Europe des dix : problématique et perspective". Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100064.
Testo completoTill now, the construction of the European Economic Community has essentially been realized on the economic level. Its complete realization has also to be made on the military level. But there are numerous pitfalls before it reaches that stage. In our thesis, we have tried to define those problems: they are political, industrial, technological ones, etc. . . The integration of Great Britain into the European Economic Community has not changed the British positions concerning Europe: Great Britain goes on preserving its tight links with the United States. It does not agree upon the Western Europe union frame since it is bound to nation. As for Germany, its case is very complex, since Bonn has to take into account its own wish to be unified again while asserting strongly its Atlantic and European ties. We have been also interested in the nature of the military integration. Will it be conventional or nuclear? Won't the recent sovieto-american agreements about euro-missiles be a supplementary obstacle to a real European nuclear force? That is to say, will the European Economic Community be able to arm itself on the nuclear level, whereas, USSR renounces to its short and medium rang weapons, and is likely on the point of destroying an important part of its strategic arsenal? The dilemma is sizeable
Versailles, David. "Apprentissage, organisations et individualisme. Perspectives issues de la théorie de la connaissance". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00360801.
Testo completoJerbi, Wassim. "Intégration de l'optimisation et de la simulation pour l'élaboration et l'évaluation de politiques de production et de transport d'une chaîne logistique". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25204.
Testo completoWojcikiewicz, Almeida Paula. "La difficile incorporation et mise en oeuvre des normes du Mercosur : aspects généraux et exemple du Brésil". Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010257.
Testo completoRazaranaina, Nomenirina. "Vers l’abandon du traitement préférentiel des pays en développement dans le cadre du système commercial multilatéral". Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100229.
Testo completoThere are two categories of State actors in the multilateral commercial system. On first hand, developed countries are at the origin of the most part of the proposals of the juridical texts having led to the GATT of 1947 and to the creation of the WTO in 1994. On the other hand, developing countries which demanded the institution of a preferential treatment: a policy aiming at considering their delay of development. This measure did not bring concrete, permanent and visible, economic development with a majority of Developing countries. This is why, the idea relating to the abandonment of preferential regime seems appropriate. As part of the negotiations of the Doha Development Agenda, developing countries do have not any more interest in demanding the strengthening of SDT. The multilateral trades have to be based on a North/South partnership and the development of the incorporation of developing countries within the different regional commercial blocks. The evolution of localism allows so to acquire an uniform multilateral commercial system compounding with the objective of WTO
Savadogo, Lassane. "L'idée régionale en Afrique de l'Ouest : de la question de l'intégration des Etats à la question de l'intégration des organisations". Perpignan, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PERP0201.
Testo completoHuart, Florence. "De la nécessité d'une intégration monétaire à plusieurs vitesses en Europe, et de son organisation : une approche fondée sur les disparités structurelles et les différences d'objectifs des pays". Lille 1, 1998. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1998/50374-1998-205.pdf.
Testo completoThe thesis is an analysis of the european monetary union process. It aims at an analysis of the problems raised by a monetary integration between countries that are characterized by strong disparities in economic structures and preferences. There are three stages in the reasoning. In the first one (introduction chapter), we review the theories of monetary integration by putting the stress on the idea that a multi-speed monetary unification is desirable in europe, because both the condition of homogeneity of national economic structures and the condition of homogeneity of national economic preferences are not met in the eu. In the second stage, there are three chapters. Each one is based on a model with two countries in a monetary union floating with the rest of the world. The three models unable us to analyze the effects of economic policy in a monetary union, explaining them according to national economic disparities of structures or preferences. The first model is a keynesian one with price and wage rigidities. We insist on the importance of three structural characteristics of countries : the money demand parameters, the elasticities of trade and the geographical structure of external trade. The second model extends the first one by introducing new national disparities, in particular different national price levels, nominal wage rigidities in one country and real wage rigidities in the other. The third model is an extension of alesina and tabellini (1987) model to a two-country monetary union case. It help us to link the condition of homogeneity of national economic policy preferences in a monetary union to the condition of homogeneity of national economic structures. We analyze various asymmetries - with regard to structures, preferences and behavior - between countries : the behavior of national central banks before the creation of emu as compared to that of the european central bank, social preferences, fiscal systems, labor markets. In the last stage (chapter 4), we draw some economic policy conclusions of the necessity of a multi-speed emu. We try to give some answers to the following question : how to organize the exchange rate relations between the euro and the other eu currencies, while taking into account the constraints that are imposed by national structure and preference disparities between the eu countries ?
Law-Kheng, Florence. "La réinternalisation d’activités : une approche processuelle du choix de faire ou faire-faire". Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100105.
Testo completoBacksourcing is not a mainstream research field because it is closely linked with vertical integration and outsourcing. Indeed it means putting an end to outsourcing contracts and returning to vertical integration. Studying backsourcing is worth of interest because it allows adopting a process approach of the classical make-or-buy dilemma. The objectives of the thesis are to study the reasons for deciding backsourcing and the processes followed by firms to implement backsourcing. Several theoretical approaches were used for that. Backsourcing can be viewed as a strategic withdrawal decision or as a strategic change process that brings flexibility to the firm. This process must also be able to deal with organizational inertia. In order to answer to our research questions, we have conceived a conceptual backsourcing process model. We have carried out two longitudinal and retrospective case studies on IT activity backsourcing. Results indicate the role of internal crises for backsourcing initialization and the impact of the first backsourcing decision on the following operations. The backsourcing process development is influenced by different strategic, organizational and people factors. The thesis results underline the fact that backsourcing and outsourcing are intertwined and that backsourcing development relies on learning processes
Seghier, Sofiane. "Le pilotage des interfaces organisationnelles. Contribution à l'équilibration des processus d'intégration-différenciation des organisations". Phd thesis, Université Jean Moulin - Lyon III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00685340.
Testo completoSarrazin, François. "Intégration d’un centre logistique au sein d’un réseau d'entreprises forestières : impact et analyse". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/35433.
Testo completoThe forest industry represents an important part of Quebec’s economic activity and many local communities depend on this sector. In natural forests, the great diversity of tree species and quality brings an added complexity for sorting operations and the flow of resources. Furthermore, the remoteness of the resource implies high transportation costs. Scientific literature demonstrates that sharing transportation capacity can result in important cost reductions (Epstein et al. 2007), but is quite complex to put into place (Frisk et al.2010). Finally, the transition from push systems towards pull type supply chains and the recent difficulties for this industry (decline of the pulp and paper sector, housing crisis of 2008-09, etc.) make it all the more relevant to examine how to better use the wood resource. In this regard, the creation of sort yards, distinct from both the harvesting sites and the mills, offers many opportunities for maximizing value and minimizing costs. Such centers however, represent an important challenge in regards to their daily management and their insertion in the pre-existing logistics network. We therefore hypothesize that for certain economic, logistical and environmental factors, a logistics center comprised of a sort yard and transportation coordination, could generate cost savings, especially through the use of oversize trucks (Chan et al. 2008) and lower sorting costs (as can be deduced from Favreau 1995). We also sense that the sorting activities performed in such a center would also procure an added economic value for companies using its services by limiting the error rate in the classification of the logs, as presented in Sessions (2005). The purpose of this thesis is therefore to identify key factors regarding their impact on the profitability of a regional forest logistics center, combining a specific sort yard and the use of backhauling. Following this, we consider these factors in the development of a profit maximization model for a forest logistics network with the option of using such a sort yard and/or backhauling. This model was first applied to a fictitious but realistic case using generated data in order to estimate the magnitude of potential profit improvements which reached up to $ 0.88 per m3 available for harvest. The model was then applied to optimize a real and complex network to analyze its performance as well as slightly modified versions. A sensitivity analysis was also conducted and revealed that many factors such as distances from the harvesting zones, the number of oversize trucks and the level of stumpage fees had a significant influence on the profitability of such a center. In addition, a dynamic effect between the operation of the yard and the use of backhauling was observed for the real case. The addition of a sort yard allows to reduce the average length of delivery routes by breaking in two the flow of material between the harvesting areas and the production mills. This makes it easier to fit delivery routes within the legal driving time limit. Most importantly, such a yard can serve both as an origin and a destination, therefore opening the door to important reductions in deadheading.
Mulumba, Christian. "Intégration institutionnelle et informalité transfrontelière en Afrique Centrale : Contribution à l'étude des rapports entre le droit et le réalité dans un processus d'intégration communautaire". Nice, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NICE0064.
Testo completoSeghier, Sofiane. "Le pilotage des interfaces organisationnelles : Contribution à l’équilibration des processus d’intégration-différenciation des organisations". Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30013.
Testo completoThe organizational interface remains a little studied object. The research suggests investigating it and understanding the dynamics.The first part clarifies the foundations of the research. Having defined the interface, il creates that the instability of the interfaces results from imbalance in the processes of integration-differentiation. To measure these phenomena, the methodology appeals to two methods: the elaboration and the analysis of a base of verbatim, and a research-intervention.The second part is dedicated to the determiners of the object. She specifies the properties and the activities of the interface, and proposes a modelling. A crossed analysis of 14 interfaces is then explained; three determiners of the regulation in the interface are identified: the degree of uncertainty, the frequency of the interactions and the distribution of the power. On these bases, a typology of the interfaces is proposed: strategic, political, of coordination, and social.The third part deepens the research by the in vivo observation and the transformation of the interfaces. It brings to light their costs of functioning, the fundamental role of their finalization, and shows that the processes of integration and differentiation ask the question of their quality, besides that of their intensity. The hypothesis according to which the piloting of the organizational interfaces improves the équilibration of the integration-differentiation is discussed then experimented. From the first results of experiment, the research identifies levers of piloting of the interfaces and formula of the managerial implications
Morival, Yohann. "Les Europes du Patronat : l'enjeu "Europe" dans les organisations patronales françaises depuis 1948". Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0113.
Testo completoHow does Europe become a distinct issue within the Organisations of French Employers ? The question might sound surprising, since European integration is usually described as an exogenous and univocal process imposed to national actors. Still between 1948 and 2014, in the organisations examined here, various actors disagree on what integrating Europe means and how to deal with it (does the organisation need dedicated agencies?). With the ambition to enlighten those competing practices and representations of Europe, this dissertation mixes approaches the sociology of Employers' Organisations and a socio-history of European integration. The research is based on archival material, interviews and observations dealing mainly with the Confederation of French Employers (CNPF-MEDEF), including several sector-specific federations. The first part examines how various actors in the CNPF-MEDEF tried to define a position on European integration. It reveals that, over the period studied, no stable forum/framework existed, where those decisions were made. This research will then focus on the various ways in reaching consensual decisions in the CNPF-MEDEF, in order to explain the fluctuating success of the Organisation in reaching decisions about Europe. The second part considers how the actors of the Employers' Organisations did acquire and claimed for various forms of legitimacy to deal with Europe, both at the national and at the European level. Furthermore, the inquiry shows how the modes of operation of the French Employers' representatives did change at the European level. It is then possible to understand that practices at the national and European levels were different, without them to be fully autonomous from one another
Cicut, Nicolas. "Le football, entre ressources symboliques, intégration sociale, optimisation économique et performance sportive : le cas de l’Olympique de Marseille". Thesis, Paris 10, 2020. https://bdr-parisnanterre-fr.faraway.parisnanterre.fr/theses/intranet/2020/2020PA100142/2020PA100142.pdf.
Testo completoIn the ultra-competitive and globalised professional football industry, sport and financial performance have a prominent place. Competitions and transfer markets are the scene of fierce battles between clubs.Even if they are now far from the top of the hierarchy, some organisations have, throughout their history, gained a notoriety and an aura that brings them constant media attention and maintains them at the heart of an ecosystem made of rich and varied stakeholders. One of these organisations is Olympique de Marseille, a “historical”, popular club with a record that is unique in France and that maintains very strong links with its sympathisers and territory.A literature review on the complex concept of performance shows the importance of non-financial performance in the development strategies of some companies. However, the topic has been little studied when it comes to football clubs and it seems truly interesting to examine the potential benefits linked to the optimisation of societal performance.We articulated our reflection around this axis firstly with a stakeholder approach that lead to identification and prioritisation, then with an in-depth study of the existing interactions which results showed important shortcomings. We then turned our attention towards the understanding of these uncontrolled zones by performing a large qualitative survey in order to determine the cornerstones of the stakeholders’ relations with the club. Finally, the myths and symbols that strengthen these links are analysed through the meticulous study of the narration and speech
Hendawi, Hossam. "L'Organisation des pays arabes exportateurs de pétrole (OPAEP) : problémes juridiques et politiques d'une organisation internationale spécialisée dans le domaine des affaires pétrolières". Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CLF10053.
Testo completoDupouey, Jacques. "La dimension juridique de l’intégration régionale des pays d’Asie du Sud-Est : intégration et ordre juridique international : le cas de l’ASEAN". Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100075.
Testo completoThe countries located in Southeast Asia have, very soon, during the postcolonial period, foreseen to regroup to forming a regional organization named “ASEAN” (Association of nations of Southeast Asia). We would like to address the concept of economic regional integration from a legal perspective based on the example of ASEAN. This will in particular lead us to distinguish such a concept with other terms similar or very closed, such as regionalism, regionalization and economic cooperation. What are the features of regional integration? What are its manifestations? Despite all the diversity of regional organizations the purpose of which is to build an economic integration within a specific region, what are the common features that a lawyer can observe? How to reveal the ASEAN regional organization through the economic integration process it has launched and strategies chosen by it? What are its peculiarities? What are the challenges it has to face to achieve its integration goals through the following three dimensions: the ASEAN Economic Community, the ASEAN Political &Security Community, and the ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community? What external support can ASEAN receive to strengthen its regional integration process? Southeast Asian countries look for a closer proximity between themselves on the basis of intergovernmentality and with the deep concern of recognition and protection of their sovereignty that lead to favor Soft law more than hard law in decision-making production. Our approach will be well differentiated from those adopted so far by the economists and political scientists or experts in international relations and will not be reductive to a Eurocentric viewpoint. The main features and the internal dimension of the ASEAN will be addressed in a first part, while the second part will be devoted to the external dynamic of the economic integration of the ASEAN based on a selective choice of partnerships (EU, free trade agreements, Asian Development Bank, APEC)
Ahmed, Fathalla. "L'organisation continentale africaine : histoire d'une construction juridique en devenir". Perpignan, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PERP0807.
Testo completoBillouard, Delphine. "Les environnements Numériques de Travail : proposition d'une démarche d'intégration". Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30064.
Testo completoFrench universities face several factors leading them to change and to modify their practices and tools. Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) represent a considerable lever to face these change factors. Among these technologies, “Environnements Numériques de Travail” (ENT) represent interesting tools. The decision to adopt these tools comes from a ministerial initiative and not directly from universities. Many technical descriptions are available. But we notice a lack of information on the integration project in official documents as in other publications. In that work, we aim at proposing an approach intended to support the integration of these environments in a university. We propose a multidimensional approach intended to study all the problems related to the integration of an ENT in a university. We identify four fundamental dimensions: human dimension, activity dimension, technical dimension and organizational dimension. Activity dimension integrates an essential part of the ENT: the teaching part. The study of these 4 dimensions guarantees the exhaustiveness of the undertaken study. The validation of the approach by the use of a case study enabled us to study these dimensions in a real context and to identify ways of improvement. We also listed several key success factors and obstacles to the integration of a ENT in a university. This study was undertaken in a French context, but the results obtained will be easily transposable in other countries
Bresso, Emmanuel. "Organisation et exploitation des connaissances sur les réseaux d'intéractions biomoléculaires pour l'étude de l'étiologie des maladies génétiques et la caractérisation des effets secondaires de principes actifs". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0122/document.
Testo completoThe understanding of human diseases and drug mechanisms requires today to take into account molecular interaction networks. Recent studies on biological systems are producing increasing amounts of data. However, complexity and heterogeneity of these datasets make it difficult to exploit them for understanding atypical phenotypes or drug side-effects. This thesis presents two knowledge-based integrative approaches that combine data management, graph visualization and data mining techniques in order to improve our understanding of phenotypes associated with genetic diseases or drug side-effects. Data management relies on a generic data warehouse, NetworkDB, that integrates data on proteins and their properties. Customization of the NetworkDB model and regular updates are semi-automatic. Graph visualization techniques have been coupled with NetworkDB. This approach has facilitated access to biological network data in order to study genetic disease etiology, including X-linked intellectual disability (XLID). Meaningful sub-networks of genes have thus been identified and characterized. Drug side-effect profiles have been extracted from NetworkDB and subsequently characterized by a relational learning procedure coupled with NetworkDB. The resulting rules indicate which properties of drugs and their targets (including networks) preferentially associate with a particular side-effect profile
Segura, Millan Trejo Fernando. "Le Homeless World Cup et le championnat de lutte contre l'exclusion sociale : analyse sociologique de parcours d'exception". Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0028.
Testo completo"Football" has been developed and promoted as a social tool for some time now by a number of stakeholders in the space along with a multitude of other NGO's. The "football" movement is intended to promote social inclusion, integration, cohesion, peace and local development. The Homeless World Cup, since 2003, has become an international institution. While an independent organization, it has established relationships with professional football. Examining certain of these projects will highlight the work and challenges encountered. Specifically, 1 intend to review the Championship of the Fight Against Social Exclusion as well as the selection of the French team for the international event. While this study was being undertaken, Paris was selected to host the Homeless World Cup in August 2011. This provided an opportunity to understand the efforts, coordination, convergences and divergences among the different actors involved. A broad variety of people have been working to bring about this event. What happens with the football players themselves? As they engage in this sport, they assume multiple roles; they certainly become "players", while certain among them also become "volunteers". Some advance even further in their various efforts and in their social trajectories
Messe, Mbega Christian. "La Communauté Economique des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale (CEEAC) : quelle politique de sécurité pour une organisation régionale à vocation économique ?" Thesis, Reims, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REIML016/document.
Testo completoI assesses the strengths and weaknesses of ECCAS in building regional security in Central Africa through a SWOT (including internal and external factors that promote an entity and those that threaten it). Thus, this thesis shows that ECCAS, whose founding objectives were not safe in the classical sense of the term, was finally able to better develop its defense capabilities as its economic integration due to the low complementarity of national economies which up. However, I emphasize the limits of this security dimension: the lack of logistical and financial resources and the set of external powers. These shortcomings tend to discredit the capacities of ECCAS safety and result in the recovery of its responsibilities by other local regional organizations such as CEMAC