Bibliografie tematiche / Passive Piles

Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Passive Piles"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 1 febbraio 2022

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Passive Piles":

Hanna, A. M., e A. Afram. "Pull-out capacity of single batter piles in sand". Canadian Geotechnical Journal 23, n. 3 (1 agosto 1986): 387–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t86-054.

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The pull-out capacity of single rigid vertical and batter piles in sand and subjected to axial loading has been investigated. Good agreement was found when test results on instrumented model piles were compared with theoretical estimates. The effect of pile inclination on the pull-out capacity has been explained by means of variable mobilized passive earth pressure on the pile's perimeter. A design method and charts are presented. Key words: pile foundation, pull-out capacity, vertical pile, batter pile, sand–soil mechanics.

Zhang, Hao, Minglei Shi, Lei Yang e Yuancheng Guo. "A Semianalytical Solution for Passively Loaded Piles Adjacent to Surcharge Load". Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (10 giugno 2020): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2398389.

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Piles adjacent to a surcharge load commonly support not only active loads from superstructures but also the passive loads caused by soil lateral movement. To investigate the influence of passive load and the response along pile shafts of existing actively loaded piles, a load transfer model for analyzing the soil-pile interaction was developed based on plastic deformation theory and the triparameter soil model. An analytical solution for the deformation and internal force of such piles was proposed using the transfer matrix method, in which the transfer matrix coefficients for piles in free, plastic, and elastic zones were analytically obtained by considering the second-order axial force effect caused by lateral loading and soil yielding based on the triparameter soil model. The proposed methodology was validated by comparing its predictions with field measurements and previously published results. A good match between model predictions, field measurements, and previously published results implies that the proposed method can be used to evaluate the response of passive piles adjacent to a surcharge load. Parametric studies were also carried out to investigate the influence of surcharge pressure, soil resistance, and boundary conditions on the behavior of passively loaded piles adjacent to a surcharge load.

Guo, Wei Dong. "Response of rigid piles during passive dragging". International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 40, n. 14 (4 aprile 2016): 1936–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.2490.

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Karim, M. R., S. C. R. Lo e C. T. Gnanendran. "Behaviour of piles subjected to passive loading due to embankment construction". Canadian Geotechnical Journal 51, n. 3 (marzo 2014): 303–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2012-0468.

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Behaviour of two embedded piles subjected to passive loading due to construction of an embankment was modelled in this paper. The piles were installed at the berm section of an embankment in a later stage of its construction. The investigation was carried out using a combination of two- and three-dimensional analyses. The analysis results were compared with the field-measured values and they agreed well.

Xie, Yu, Shao-he Zhang e De-quan Zhou. "Experimental Study of Mechanical Behavior of Passive Loaded Piles Adjacent to Piled Foundation". KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering 22, n. 10 (25 maggio 2018): 3818–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12205-018-0565-x.

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Yuan, Bingxiang, Rui Chen, Jun Teng, Tao Peng e Zhongwen Feng. "Effect of Passive Pile on 3D Ground Deformation and on Active Pile Response". Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/904186.

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Using a series of model tests, this study investigated the effect of a passive pile on 3D ground deformation around a laterally loaded pile and on that laterally loaded pile’s response in sand. The active pile head was subjected to lateral loads, and the passive pile was arranged in front of the active pile. In the model tests, the distance between the two pile centers was set to zero (i.e., a single pile test), 2.5, 4, and 6 times the pile width (B). The 3D ground surface deformations around the active and passive piles were obtained using a newly developed Stereo-PIV technique. The experimental results showed that the ground surface movements were restrained by the passive pile when the pile spacing was less than 6B. The response of the active pile was affected by the passive pile when the pile spacing was less than 4B. This study combined the response of the active pile and surrounding 3D ground deformation to investigate the effect of the passive pile, which is useful to further understand the pile-soil-pile interactions and to enhance pile foundation design in engineering practice.

Guo, Wei Dong. "Nonlinear response of laterally loaded rigid piles in sliding soil". Canadian Geotechnical Journal 52, n. 7 (luglio 2015): 903–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2014-0168.

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This paper proposes a new, integrated two-layer model to capture nonlinear response of rotationally restrained laterally loaded rigid piles subjected to soil movement (sliding soil, or lateral spreading). First, typical pile response from model tests (using an inverse triangular loading profile) is presented, which includes profiles of ultimate on-pile force per unit length at typical sliding depths, and the evolution of pile deflection, rotation, and bending moment with soil movement. Second, a new model and closed-form expressions are developed for rotationally restrained passive piles in two-layer soil, subjected to various movement profiles. Third, the solutions are used to examine the impact of the rotational restraint on nonlinear response of bending moment, shear force, on-pile force per unit length, and pile deflection. Finally, they are compared with measured response of model piles in sliding soil, or subjected to lateral spreading, and that of an in situ test pile in moving soil. The study indicates the following: (i) nonlinear response of rigid passive piles is owing to elastic pile–soil interaction with a progressive increase in sliding depth, whether in sliding soil or subjected to lateral spreading; (ii) theoretical solutions for a uniform movement can be used to model other soil movement profiles upon using a modification factor in the movement and its depth; and (iii) a triangular and a uniform pressure profile on piles are theoretically deduced along lightly head-restrained, floating-base piles, and restrained-base piles, respectively, once subjected to lateral spreading. Nonlinear response of an in situ test pile in sliding soil and a model pile subjected to lateral spreading is elaborated to highlight the use and the advantages of the proposed solutions, along with the ranges of four design parameters deduced from 10 test piles.

Guo, W. D. "Elastic models for nonlinear response of rigid passive piles". International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 38, n. 18 (22 aprile 2014): 1969–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.2292.

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Rifat Kahyaoglu, M., Gökhan Imancli, A. Ugur Ozturk e Arif S. Kayalar. "Computational 3D finite element analyses of model passive piles". Computational Materials Science 46, n. 1 (luglio 2009): 193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2009.02.022.

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Pan, J. L., A. TC Goh, K. S. Wong e C. I. Teh. "Model tests on single piles in soft clay". Canadian Geotechnical Journal 37, n. 4 (1 agosto 2000): 890–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t00-001.

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Laboratory model tests in soft clay were conducted to investigate the behaviour of single piles subjected to lateral soil movements ('passive' pile), and to determine the ultimate soil pressure acting along the pile shaft. A specially designed apparatus for the tests was manufactured and calibrated. Reasonably consistent soil samples were prepared for the tests by a consolidometer. The limiting soil pressures acting along the model pile shaft were measured by pressure transducers. The ultimate soil pressure was then determined based on the maximum value of the limiting soil pressures acting along the pile shaft. The ultimate soil pressure obtained from the single passive pile tests was 10.6su (where su is the undrained shear strength of the clay) and agreed well with those from the literature.Key words: pile, foundation, lateral soil movement, clay, model test.

Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Passive Piles":

Ozturk, Sevki. "Distribution Of Bending Moments In Laterally Loaded Passive Pile Groups A Model Study". Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12610378/index.pdf.

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In this study, bending moment distributions developed in laterally loaded passive pile and passive pile groups in cohesionless soil were investigated in laboratory conditions through model pile experiments. Different from the active pile loading, the lateral load was given directly to the piles using a movable large direct shear box. In these experiments strain gauges fastened to the piles and a computer based data reading system were used. The strain values were measured at five levels on the piles. The behavior of a single pile and a pile group having five piles were investigated through strain measurements in order to observe bending moment distribution on the piles. After evaluating the test results, the behavior of passive single pile was found to be similar to the results obtained in early studies. Negative bending moments were observed at the specified depths above the shear plane and positive bending moments were measured at the level of the shear plane and below the shear plane. Maximum bending moments were obtained at 0.7L (L: Length of Pile) for single piles and piles in the group. Above the shear plane, maximum bending moments within the pile group were found to be developed on the piles nearest to the loading. On the shear plane maximum bending moments were developed on the piles farthest from the loading just like active piles. Below the shear plane, maximum bending moments were developed mainly on the piles nearest to the loading.

Silva, Sanchez Rosa Elvira. "Contribution au pronostic de durée de vie des systèmes piles à combustible PEMFC". Thesis, Besançon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BESA2005/document.

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Les travaux de cette thèse visent à apporter des éléments de solutions au problème de la durée de vie des systèmes pile à combustible (FCS – Fuel Cell System) de type à « membrane échangeuse de protons » (PEM – Proton Exchange Membrane) et se décline sur deux champs disciplinaires complémentaires :Une première approche vise à augmenter la durée de vie de celle-ci par la conception et la mise en œuvre d'une architecture de pronostic et de gestion de l'état de santé (PHM – Prognostics & Health Management). Les PEM-FCS, de par leur technologie, sont par essence des systèmes multi-physiques (électriques, fluidiques, électrochimiques, thermiques, mécaniques, etc.) et multi-échelles (de temps et d'espace) dont les comportements sont difficilement appréhendables. La nature non linéaire des phénomènes, le caractère réversible ou non des dégradations, et les interactions entre composants rendent effectivement difficile une étape de modélisation des défaillances. De plus, le manque d'homogénéité (actuel) dans le processus de fabrication rend difficile la caractérisation statistique de leur comportement. Le déploiement d'une solution PHM permettrait en effet d'anticiper et d'éviter les défaillances, d'évaluer l'état de santé, d'estimer le temps de vie résiduel du système, et finalement, d'envisager des actions de maîtrise (contrôle et/ou maintenance) pour assurer la continuité de fonctionnement. Une deuxième approche propose d'avoir recours à une hybridation passive de la PEMFC avec des super-condensateurs (UC – Ultra Capacitor) de façon à faire fonctionner la pile au plus proche de ses conditions opératoires optimales et ainsi, à minimiser l'impact du vieillissement. Les UCs apparaissent comme une source complémentaire à la PEMFC en raison de leur forte densité de puissance, de leur capacité de charge/décharge rapide, de leur réversibilité et de leur grande durée de vie. Si l'on prend l'exemple des véhicules à pile à combustible, l'association entre une PEMFC et des UCs peut être réalisée en utilisant un système hybride de type actif ou passif. Le comportement global du système dépend à la fois du choix de l'architecture et du positionnement de ces éléments en lien avec la charge électrique. Aujourd'hui, les recherches dans ce domaine se focalisent essentiellement sur la gestion d'énergie entre les sources et stockeurs embarqués ; et sur la définition et l'optimisation d'une interface électronique de puissance destinée à conditionner le flux d'énergie entre eux. Cependant, la présence de convertisseurs statiques augmente les sources de défaillances et pannes (défaillance des interrupteurs du convertisseur statique lui-même, impact des oscillations de courant haute fréquence sur le vieillissement de la pile), et augmente également les pertes énergétiques du système complet (même si le rendement du convertisseur statique est élevé, il dégrade néanmoins le bilan global)
This thesis work aims to provide solutions for the limited lifetime of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Systems (PEM-FCS) based on two complementary disciplines:A first approach consists in increasing the lifetime of the PEM-FCS by designing and implementing a Prognostics & Health Management (PHM) architecture. The PEM-FCS are essentially multi-physical systems (electrical, fluid, electrochemical, thermal, mechanical, etc.) and multi-scale (time and space), thus its behaviors are hardly understandable. The nonlinear nature of phenomena, the reversibility or not of degradations and the interactions between components makes it quite difficult to have a failure modeling stage. Moreover, the lack of homogeneity (actual) in the manufacturing process makes it difficult for statistical characterization of their behavior. The deployment of a PHM solution would indeed anticipate and avoid failures, assess the state of health, estimate the Remaining Useful Lifetime (RUL) of the system and finally consider control actions (control and/or maintenance) to ensure operation continuity.A second approach proposes to use a passive hybridization of the PEMFC with Ultra Capacitors (UC) to operate the fuel cell closer to its optimum operating conditions and thereby minimize the impact of aging. The UC appear as an additional source to the PEMFC due to their high power density, their capacity to charge/discharge rapidly, their reversibility and their long life. If we take the example of fuel cell hybrid electrical vehicles, the association between a PEMFC and UC can be performed using a hybrid of active or passive type system. The overall behavior of the system depends on both, the choice of the architecture and the positioning of these elements in connection with the electric charge. Today, research in this area focuses mainly on energy management between the sources and embedded storage and the definition and optimization of a power electronic interface designated to adjust the flow of energy between them. However, the presence of power converters increases the source of faults and failures (failure of the switches of the power converter and the impact of high frequency current oscillations on the aging of the PEMFC), and also increases the energy losses of the entire system (even if the performance of the power converter is high, it nevertheless degrades the overall system)

Xing, Lanchang. "Passive slug mitigation by applying wavy pipes". Thesis, Cranfield University, 2011. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9339.

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This work is to develop a passive slug mitigation technique based on a novel flow conditioner, wavy pipe, through laboratory experiment and numerical simulation. The wavy pipe has been applied to two types of slug flows: severe slugging in pipeline/riser systems and hydrodynamic slug flow in horizontal pipelines. The experiment of severe slugging mitigation was conducted on the 2” and 4” pipeline/riser systems in the Three-Phase Test Facility in PSE (Process Systems Engineering) Laboratory. The flow regimes in the pipeline/riser systems have been classified into four categories, i.e. severe slugging, transitional severe slugging, oscillation flow and continuous flow. Experimental results have revealed that: (1) the severe slugging region in the flow regime map can be reduced by applying a wavy pipe; (2) the wavy pipe is more effective when there is a pipe section of an appropriate length between its outlet and the riser base; (3) a smaller severe slugging region can be obtained with a longer wavy pipe (of more bends); (4) even if there is no flow regime transition due to the application of a wavy pipe, the severity of the severe slugging and oscillation flow can be reduced instead. The effects of the wavy pipe have been summarised as reducing the slug length in the pipeline/riser system. For severe slugging the wavy pipe works by accelerating the movement of the gas phase in the pipeline to the riser base to initiate the bubble penetration stage; for the oscillation flow the wavy pipe works by mixing the two phases of gas and liquid. Two-dimensional CFD models of the 4” pipeline/riser and pipeline/wavy-pipe/riser systems were developed in Fluent (Release 6.3.26) and the effects of the geometrical parameters and location in the pipeline of the wavy pipe on severe slugging mitigation were investigated numerically. The model predictions of the flow regime transition and slug frequency in the pipeline/riser system agree with the experimental data well. It has been concluded from the simulation that: (1) for a given pipeline/riser system experiencing severe slugging, the severe slug length can be reduced further by increasing the amplitude or length of the wavy pipe, respectively; however, the mean, maximum and fluctuation amplitude of the drag and lift forces on the wavy pipe increase with the increase of the wavy pipe amplitude and the mean, maximum and fluctuation amplitude of the differential pressure across the wavy pipe increase with the increase of the wavy pipe length; (2) the location of the wavy pipe relative to the riser base has significant effects on the performance of wavy pipe; an optimum location of the wavy pipe exists for a pipeline/riser system at given operating conditions. The wavy pipe in a horizontal pipeline experiencing hydrodynamic slug flow was tested on a two-phase test facility in PSE Laboratory. The wavy pipe has been found to be able to mitigate the adverse impacts of hydrodynamic slug flow on the downstream facilities. It has been concluded that the wavy pipe works as a mixer which is able to agitate the gas/liquid two phases by its upward and downward limbs. More gas entrainment is introduced into the slug body in the wavy pipe. The entrained gas distributes in the slug body extensively due to the agitation effects of the wavy pipe. However, the flow tends to recover after a certain distance downstream of the wavy pipe. The horizontal wavy-pipe systems under hydrodynamic slug flow were modelled applying STAR-OLGA coupling. The mixing effects of the wavy pipe on gas/liquid two-phase flow identified in the experiment can be presented by the coupling model reasonably well. The effects of the geometrical parameters of the wavy pipe, i.e. amplitude and length, on hydrodynamic slug mitigation were examined. It has been concluded that: (1) a wavy pipe of higher amplitude does not always introduce better mixing effects because the longer upward limbs allow more liquid to accumulate thus the liquid slugs tend to reform; a wavy pipe with amplitude of 1.8d is more desirable than those of 1.1d and 2.5d (d the pipe diameter); (2) a wavy pipe of more bends (7 bends, L/d = 20.4, L the length of wavy pipe) is more favourable to mix the gas/liquid two phases than the shorter ones (5 bends, L/d = 16.5; 3 bends, L/d = 11.1) because more space and time can be provided for the two phases to interact with each other. The forces acting on a single bend induced by hydrodynamic slug flow were investigated using STAR-OLGA coupling. The predicted peak force on the bend agrees with the experimental data in the literature. The force components on different areas of the bend wall can be presented by the 3-D STAR model. The pressure-induced force contour plots have shown the most vulnerable part on the bend wall prone to mechanical damage.

Erentürk, Murat 1971. "The simulation of passive water hammer in pipes". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/38146.

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Ramirez, Rivera Victor Manuel. "Energy management of lossy multi-port to fuel cell-based systems". Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112087/document.

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Dans de nombreux réseaux, la régulation efficace du transfert d'énergie entre les sous-systèmes de production, de stockage et d'utilisation demeure un sujet difficile à traiter. Dans cette thèse on a proposent une nouvelle stratégie pour atteindre cet objectif, ainsi que sa mise en œuvre. Le dispositif est appelé routeur d'énergie dynamique (RED), parce que, contrairement à la pratique actuelle, l'asservissement de l'écoulement de puissance se fait sans s'appuyer sur des hypothèses stationnaire. Une hypothèse clé pour le bon fonctionnement du RED est que la dissipation du système est négligeable. Toutefois, en présence de pertes en ligne le RED initial n'est plus opérationnel, car il est base sur l'hypothèse clé de non dissipation des interconnections. Dans ce travail, un nouveau RED prenant en compte la présence de pertes est proposé. Des preuves de l'amélioration des performances sont présentées en simulation comme en expérimentation. Un complément de ce travail a été réalisée sur l'estimation des paramètres d'une pile à combustible du type Polymer Exchange Membrane (PEM) dans le but de concevoir un estimateur convergeant sur un grand domaine (convergence globale). Ce dernier utilise des principes d'immersion et d'invariance développés récemment dans la théorie des asservissements
Efficient regulation of the energy transfer between generating, storage and load subsystems is a topic of current practical interest. A new strategy to achieve this objective, together with its corresponding power electronics implementation, was recently proposed in this thesis work. The device is called dynamic energy router (DER) because, in contrast with current practice, the regulation of the direction and rate of change of the power flow is done without relying on steady–state considerations. A key assumption for the correct operation of the DER is that dissipation in the system is negligible. Unfortunately, in the presence of dissipation the original DER ceases to be operational. In this thesis a new DER that takes into account the presence of losses is proposed. Simulation and experimental evidence of the performance improvement with the new DER are presented. As a complement of this work a global convergent estimator of parameters of Polymer Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) was designing by using the principles or “Immersion and Invariance” recently reported in control theory

Zhan, Weiguo. "Static pile passive aeration composting of poultry manure slurry". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6892.

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Static pile passive aeration composting (SPPAC) method is simple and economical. It can be applied to treat and stabilize animal wastes and reduce their adverse impact on the environment such as water, soil and air pollution. A study was carried out to investigate the effectiveness of SPPAC process for poultry manure slurry treatment under high initial MC conditions, using peat and straw as the bulking agents. Four treatments were examined, two of which were mixtures of poultry manure slurry and peat with initial MC of 73 and 80%. The other two treatments consisted of poultry manure slurry and chopped straw with initial MC of 72 and 76%, these two treatments had similar performances and results. Three replicate piles were monitored simultaneously for each treatment. The piles were trapezoidal and 3.35m$\sp3$ in volume. Two open-ended perforated pipes were laid at the bottom of each pile to provide aeration. A total of 316 thermocouples were installed in the compost piles to monitor temperature over a period of four months. Within 5 days thermophilic temperatures over 45$\sp\circ$C were attained in the compost piles confirming that passive aeration was effective and exothermic composting reactions started rapidly. Temperature distribution results illustrated that air diffusion and convection were the predominant aeration mechanisms. Cluster analysis of the temperature results provided a depiction of passive aeration, i.e., the ambient air was drawn into the compost through the lower parts of the piles to fill the void created by the up-moving heated air in the system. The temperature results also confirmed that the perforated pipes in the bottom of each pile increased aeration only in their vicinity. The compost with high moisture was successfully handled using the SPPAC method, no symptoms of anaerobic conditions were recorded. Mass balance results showed that nitrogen loss was lower in the compost of higher MC and lower pH, maximum 37% and 50% from the peat compost and the straw compost, respectively. Based on the guidelines of the Ontario Ministry of Environment, the final compost contained high levels of essential plant nutrients, the percent of total of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was greater than 4%, and the heavy metal levels were low. The peat is a better bulking agent than the straw. The performance among the three replicate piles of each treatment was highly stable and reproducible. The composting process took 30 to 90 days for the process to finish depending on the amount of poultry manure slurry in the different treatments.

Kartha, Satish Chandrashekhar. "Active, Passive and Active/Passive Control Techniques For Reduction of Vibrational Power Flow in Fluid Filled Pipes". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31156.

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The coupled nature of vibrational energy flow in fluid filled piping systems makes its control and subsequent reduction a difficult problem. This work experimentally explores the potential of different active, passive and active/passive control methodologies for control of vibrational power flow in fluid filled pipes. Circumferential modal decomposition and measurements of vibrational power carried by individual wave types were carried out experimentally. The importance of dominant structural bending waves and the need to eliminate them in order to obtain meaningful experimental results has been demonstrated. The effectiveness of the rubber isolator in reducing structural waves has been demonstrated. Improved performance of the quarter wavelength tube and Helmholtz resonator was obtained on implementation of the rubber isolator on the experimental rig. Active control experiments using the side-branch actuator and 1/3 piezoelectric composite yielded significant dB reductions revealing their potential for practical applications. A combined active/passive approach was also implemented as part of this work. This approach yielded promising results, which proved that combining advantages of both active and passive approaches was a feasible alternative.
Master of Science

Marsh, Robert Ashall. "Passive Earth pressures on a pile cap with a dense sand backfill /". Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2010. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd3356.pdf.

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Marsh, Robert Ashall. "Passive Earth Pressures on a Pile Cap with a Dense Sand Backfill". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2009. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1958.

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Pile groups are often used to provide support for structures. Capping a pile group further adds to the system's resistance due to the passive earth pressure from surrounding backfill. While ultimate passive earth pressure under static loading conditions can be readily calculated using several different theories, the effects of cyclic and dynamic loading on the passive earth pressure response are less understood. Data derived from the full-scale testing of a pile cap system with a densely compacted sand backfill under static, cyclic, and dynamic loadings was analyzed with particular focus on soil pressures measured directly using pressure plates. Based on the testing and analyses, it was observed that under slow, cyclic loading, the backfill stiffness was relatively constant. Under faster, dynamic loading, the observed backfill stiffness decreased in a relatively linear fashion. During cyclic and dynamic loading, the pile cap gradually developed a residual offset from its initial position, accompanied by a reduction in backfill force. While the pile cap and backfill appeared to move integrally during static and cyclic loadings, during dynamic loading the backfill exhibited out-of-phase movement relative to the pile cap. Observed losses in backfill contact force were associated with both cyclic softening and dynamic out-of-phase effects. Force losses due to dynamic loading increased with increasing frequency (which corresponded to larger displacements). Losses due to dynamic loading were offset somewhat by increases in peak force due to damping. The increase in contact force due to damping was observed to be relatively proportional to increasing frequency. When quantifying passive earth forces with cyclic/dynamic losses without damping, the Mononobe-Okabe (M-O) equation with a 0.75 or 0.8 multiplier applied to the peak ground acceleration can be used to obtain a reasonable estimate of the force. When including increases in resistance due to damping, a 0.6 multiplier can similarly be used.

Bingham, Nathanael G. "Passive Resistance of Abutments with MSE Wingwalls". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3201.

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Large scale static lateral load tests were performed on a pile cap under varying sand backfill configurations: no backfill, full-width dense sand backfill, dense sand slip plane confined backfill, and two configurations of dense sand MSE wall confined backfills. Efforts were made to maintain the relative compaction of the backfills for each of the tests near the same value. The MSE wall panel arrangement was varied to determine the effect of different reinforcement configurations on the passive resistance and wall panel displacement. Passive force-displacement curves were generated from each test. It was found that the MSE design manual provided reasonable estimates of pullout resistance of bar mats in dense sand, and that the passive resistance of a soil backfill confined by MSE walls can be calculated with an increased friction angle using a log-spiral approach. Also, the amount the triaxial friction angle can be increased depends on how much the MSE wall panels displace outward. Correlations were developed between the pressure on the pile cap and that on the MSE wall panels near the pile cap. Generally, the pressure on the wall panels was less than 10% of that which was on the adjacent pile cap, and decreased as the distance from the pile cap increased. Finally, it was found that while limiting the backfill width decreases the ultimate passive resistance of the backfill, if the backfill is confined in a plane strain configuration the passive resistance per unit width is higher than that for an unconfined backfill.

Più fonti

Libri sul tema "Passive Piles":

Salomon, Danit. ʻUgot kesherot le-Fesaḥ: Kasher. [Israel]: Ḳorʼim, 2009.

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dui, Ke mai hong bei tuan. Jian yi dian xin ru men: Wan hong bei, hao zi wei = A passion for bakery and patisserie. 8^a ed. Taibei Xian Zhonghe Shi: Shang you wen hua shi ye you xian gong si, 2010.

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Stogo, Malcolm. Incredible ice cream: Making it your way with passion! : for professional ice cream artisans and home ice cream junkies. West Orange, NJ: Ice Cream University Press, 2009.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Passive Piles":

Maus, Heiko, Harald Holz, Ansgar Bernardi e Oleg Rostanin. "Leveraging Passive Paper Piles to Active Objects in Personal Knowledge Spaces". In Professional Knowledge Management, 50–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11590019_5.

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Lynch, Nancy J., e Robert S. Cherry. "Design of Passively Aerated Compost Piles: Vertical Air Velocities between the Pipes". In The Science of Composting, 973–82. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1569-5_93.

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Rehman, Musabur, e S. M. Abbas. "Seismic Analysis of Pile Foundation Passing Through Liquefiable Soil". In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 539–53. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2545-2_45.

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Yau, Jong-Dar, Hsiao-Hui Hung e Yeong-Bin Yang. "Investigation on soil-viaduct-pile vibrations induced by passing trains". In Wave propagation Moving load – Vibration Reduction, 85–90. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003211372-11.

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Zhou, Zhiyan, Dongqing Nie e Wei Zhang. "Effect of Passive Zone Improvement on the Stability of a Double-Row Pile-Retained Excavation". In Proceedings of GeoShanghai 2018 International Conference: Advances in Soil Dynamics and Foundation Engineering, 536–42. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0131-5_58.

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Lucke, Klaus, Michael Dähne, Sven Adler, Anja Brandecker, Kathrin Krügel, Janne K. Sundermeyer e Ursula Siebert. "Evaluating the Effects of Offshore Pile Driving on Phocoena phocoena (Harbor Porpoises) by Using Passive Acoustic Monitoring". In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 285–87. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7311-5_63.

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Karkush, Mahdi O., Ghofran S. Jaffar e Omar K. Al-Kubaisi. "Evaluating the Performance of Flexible Passive Pile Group in Cohesionless Soil Under the Effect of a Nearby Embankment". In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 1–12. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9399-4_2.

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Wu, Di. "Research on the Shield Tunneling Construction Passing Through the Maglev Pile Foundations in Saturated Soft Soil Strata". In Proceedings of GeoShanghai 2018 International Conference: Tunnelling and Underground Construction, 576–84. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0017-2_58.

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"- Design of passive piles". In Theory and Practice of Pile Foundations, 460–501. CRC Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b12980-17.

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"- Physical modeling on passive piles". In Theory and Practice of Pile Foundations, 502–39. CRC Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b12980-18.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Passive Piles":

Zhou, Jian, Xiao-liang Chen, Qing-you Zeng e Biao Wu. "Model Tests and Numerical Simulations on Pile-Soil Interaction of Passive Piles". In GeoShanghai International Conference 2010. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41107(380)3.

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Mujah, Donovan, Hemanta Hazarika, Naoto Watanabe e Fauziah Ahmad. "Multirow Arrangement Of Laterally Loaded Passive Piles In Sand". In 18th Southeast Asian Geotechnical Conference (18SEAGC) & Inaugural AGSSEA Conference (1AGSSEA). Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-07-4948-4_294.

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Jiang, J., B. Qi, J. Zhou e Q. Y. Zeng. "Model Test and PFC 2D Numerical Analysis on Soil Arching Effects Surrounding Passive Laterally Loaded Piles". In GeoShanghai International Conference 2010. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41101(374)36.

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Carlisle, Derek. "From Passive Storage to Daily Waste Retrieval; Changing the Working Culture at Sellafield’s Pile Fuel Storage Pond". In ASME 2013 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2013-96207.

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The Pile Fuel Storage Pond (PFSP) was built in 1948/50 to treat materials from the Windscale Piles. Multiple operational regimes over the intervening 60 years have resulted in a complex inventory of spent nuclear fuels, solid and liquid intermediate level wastes. A coordinated programme of work, designed to retrieve and safely dispose of the pond contents, has been implemented to enable the decommissioning of the facility. The long period of passive storage operations which preceded the implementation of the programme meant that the operator was faced with a dual challenge of providing new technical capability and changing a working culture that was inappropriate for the dynamic environment required to successfully deliver the programme. It was recognised that the nature of the programme meant that implementing a standard manufacturing approach to operations would not be appropriate. In order to create a dynamic retrievals focussed working culture, the operator has vigorously embraced change programmes aimed at improving a number of working practices including encouraging innovation, managing integrated but flexible production schedules, and encouraging workface problem solving. The combined impact of beginning to resolve the technical challenges and focussing on the delivery culture has resulted in the facility making a step change towards becoming fully retrievals operations focussed.

Tart, Rupert G. "Pipeline Geohazards Unique to Northern Climates". In 2006 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2006-10085.

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Pipelines in northern climates can be impacted by geohazards that are unique to cold regions. Some of these include frost heave, thaw settlement, solifluction, icings, glaciers, ice-rich slopes, and others. This paper will discuss most of these geohazards as they have been monitored, mitigated, and managed along the Trans Alaska Pipeline (TAPS) and other pipelines in Alaska and Russia. Early analyses of frost heave and thaw settlement of piles concluded that frost heave and thaw settlement would be controlled by installing passive heat removal devices (heat pipes). In permafrost areas heat pipes have generally worked well. In unfrozen terrain or discontinuous permafrost the heat pipes have not been able to maintain stability. Examples of each of these situations will be discussed. Steep rolling terrain makes up a significant part of the TAPS route. Some of the slopes are in permafrost and others are in thawed ground. For the past 15 years, surveillance and monitoring of some of the slopes along the pipeline route has documented the response of slopes in frozen ground. Warmer (that is near 0 degrees C) ice-rich slopes can creep. An example of this is documented on a slope instrumented with inclinometers and thermistors. Other slope movements related to pore pressure increases caused by active layer containment of unfrozen groundwater flows will be discussed. The impact of solifluction zones on pipeline construction and routing will be addressed as it has been managed along the TAPS. Other near surface slope movements that appear to be similar to solifluction have been observed along the pipeline right-of-way on the workpad. This paper will address an interrelationship of these observed slope behaviors. In doing this the interaction of slope seeps and the freeze front as it forms in fall and then recedes in spring and summer is compared to observations of engineered projects. Icings can be observed in several locations along TAPS. In some cases these can be related to slope movements. In other cases the icings have reached the aboveground and caused maintenance issues. TAPS was designed to avoid future surges of several large glaciers. In most years these glaciers have retreated and have not been a significant issue. A recent large earthquake caused a landslide on the largest glacier near TAPS and resulted in some review of the activity on that glacier. In 2002 a large earthquake centered near TAPS caused liquefaction in some areas, breakage of ice in lakes in some locations, and sand boils very close to the pipe. These observations will be related to the thinly frozen active layer over a deep talik during the earthquake.

Jalali, Mohammad�Mehdi. "AN�INVESTIGATION�OF�PASSIVE�PILLES�THROUGH�FINITE�ELEMENT�METHOD". In SGEM2012 12th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference and EXPO. Stef92 Technology, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2012/s02.v2003.

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Schultz, Richard R., Hiral J. Kadakia, Jim C. P. Liou e Brian G. Williams. "Saturated-Subcooled Stratified Flow in Horizontal Pipes". In ASME 2010 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting collocated with 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-30975.

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Advanced light water reactor systems are designed to use passive emergency core cooling systems with horizontal pipes that provide highly subcooled water from water storage tanks or passive heat exchangers to the reactor vessel core under accident conditions. Because passive systems are driven by density gradients, the horizontal pipes often do not flow full and thus have a free surface that is exposed to saturated steam and stratified flow is present. The subcooled water flows into the reactor vessel via the downcomer—which is an annular region separated from the core by a cylindrical, steel, inner liner. Under accident conditions, where the horizontal pipes are only partially full, both saturated water and saturated steam from the downcomer are likely to be present in the pipe. The saturated water is quasi-static and the fraction of the free surface that is saturated water is dictated by the physics of the flow. The saturated steam is usually flowing in the countercurrent direction to the subcooled water. Consequently the flow may be a three-layered system with saturated steam over a static saturated liquid layer over a flowing subcooled layer. The conditions leading to a saturated liquid layer that separates the saturated steam from flowing subcooled water are explored. The variables that influence the formation of the saturated liquid layer and enable the saturated layer to be maintained for a spectrum of conditions, including steam flow in the countercurrent direction to the subcooled water, are derived, and compared to experimental data. Conclusions regarding this type of flow are given. Finally, typical steam flow velocities that may induce wave-bridging, leading to condensation-induced-water hammer, are identified.

Zhang, Conan, e Carlos H. Hidrovo. "Investigation of Nanopillar Wicking Capabilities for Heat Pipes Applications". In ASME 2009 Second International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2009-18484.

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Since Moore’s prediction in 1965, transistor count density on computer chips has grown exponentially and roadmaps for future industry growth still project exponential development for the next decade. With higher transistor densities, greater heat flux dissipation is required in order for performance to keep par with chip development. However, it is theorized that current cooling systems would not be able to cope with heat fluxes of future computer chips. Microchip heat management systems can be either active or passive. Active systems require an external driving component that increases the system’s complexity and ultimately power consumption. Heat pipes are passive fluidic systems, which are more robust and easier to implement than their active counterparts. Recirculation of the coolant in a heat pipe is done passively by means of a wicking structure that induces capillary flow from the condenser to the evaporator. However, there are many limiting factors associated with heat pipes based on the wick dimensions, fluid selection and orientation. At CPU chip operating temperatures the most significant limitation is the capillary limit. This limitation must be addressed in order to meet future computer chip heat dissipation requirements. In order to find an optimal geometry that would maximize the capillary flow, a theoretical model was developed using a rectangular pillar array. Surface tension forces induce a capillary flow that is opposed by viscous stresses from the pillars. Due to the regular and well-defined geometry of the pillar array, an ab initio approach can be used to model this flow, rather than resorting to Darcy’s flow and empirical permeability correlations. Predicted values of maximum flow rate were obtained from this theoretical model. This model and its results are directly applicable to carbon nanotube (CNT) and nanowire (NW) based wick structures. To validate the merit of nanostructure wicks for use in heat pipes, experimental data was collected to show the capillary limits of various nanowicks. The capillary limit of a wick was associated with the heat flux at which the wick cannot sustain the fluid flow necessary for heat removal and burnout occurs. When a baseline wick was experimentally compared to a nanowick, it was found that due to the difference in thickness of the wicks, the baseline wick provided higher flow rates. However, when the data were normalized to produce velocity values, the nanowick was found to have a higher velocity than the baseline wicks.

Nassiraei, Amir A. F. Forough, Yoshikazu Mikuriya e Kazuo Ishii. "nSIR: A Novel Passive-Active Intelligent Moving Mechanism for Sewer Inspection Robots". In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-14265.

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In the current sewer pipe inspection technology, all commercial sewer inspection robots have a poor mobility function to pass any kind of pipe-bends such as curves and junctions so that those robots are only capable to move into the straight pipes. In this paper, we describe the design, modeling, simulation and implementation of a compact and novel moving mechanism, called "nSIR mechanism", with capability of moving into the straight pipe and passing different kinds of pipe bends without need to any intelligence of the controller or sensor reading. The design is based on the concept of passive adaptation of robot wheels to the bends in the pipe. This is accomplished by proper wheels orientation and passive damping of springs. In addition, this moving mechanism has capability to pass the different size of pipes in diameter even from a bigger diameter pipe to smaller diameter and also can pass obstacle and go down step. After describing the principle of nSIR mechanism, this paper gives experimentally that a prototype of our robot "KANTARO" includes of this mechanism can realize all the above movement functions.

Anderson, W. G., P. M. Dussinger, S. D. Garner, J. R. Hartenstine e D. B. Saraff. "Loop Heat Pipe Design, Manufacturing, and Testing: An Industrial Perspective". In ASME 2009 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the InterPACK09 and 3rd Energy Sustainability Conferences. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2009-88525.

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Loop Heat Pipes (LHPs) are two-phase devices that can passively transport heat over long distances relative to other passive two phase systems such as heat pipes. Most of the art of LHP fabrication is in the primary and secondary wick. The manufacturing steps for an LHP are described, including the tests to validate the LHP during manufacture. The tests include wick property testing (pore size, permeability, and thermal conductivity), secondary wick testing, and parallel flow balance design and testing. The required tests after the LHP is fabricated include low power starts, shutdown through compensation chamber heating, unbalanced condenser temperature tests, transient testing — both power cycling and condenser temperature changes, and maximum power tests.