Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Pilići"

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Pilići"

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Pintar, Jasna, Zlatko Janječić, Goran Kiš, Marija Duvnjak, Marija Medjeruh, Ksenija Gazdić e Dalibor Bedeković. "The influence of the prebiotic mannan-oligosaccharides (Actigen™) on fattening indicators and mortality of broiler chickens". Krmiva 61, n. 2 (20 agosto 2020): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.33128/k.61.2.1.

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Abstract (sommario):
Cilj rada bio je utvrditi utjecaj dodavanja prebiotika, manan-oligosaharida (ActigenTM) krmnim smjesama na proizvodne rezultate pilića u tovu. U istraživanju je korišteno 300 muških jednodnevnih pilića hibrida Ross 308 koji su slučajnim izborom smješteni u dvije skupine sa šest ponavljanja. Istraživanje je trajalo 38 dana, a podijeljeno je u tri razdoblja. Tijekom istraživanja pilići iz kontrolne skupine hranjeni su 14 dana početnom krmnom smjesom (PPT-1) sa 24,4% SB, 14 dana krmnom smjesom za piliće u porastu (PPT-2) sa 21,0% SB i 10 dana završnom krmnom smjesom ( PPT-3) sa 20,1% SB. Pilići pokusne skupine hranjeni su istim krmnim smjesama, ali s dodatkom ActigenTM-a. U PPT-1 je dodano 800g/t; u PPT-2 400 g/t, a u PPT-3 200 g ActigenTM-a po toni krmne smjese. Prosječne tjelesne mase na kraju istraživanja bile su 2808,86 u kontrolnoj i 2880,42 u pokusnoj skupini, a konverzija krmnih smjesa 1,58 i 1,56 kg za kilogram prirasta. Budući da su tjelesne mase u pokusnoj skupini bile veće za 2,55%, a konverzija niža, može se preporučiti upotreba ActigenTM-a u krmnim smjesama za hranidbu pilića.
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Žužul, Slavko, e Jurica Tršan. "Uloga duboke stelje u tovu pilića i svinja". Meso 19, n. 3 (2017): 223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31727/m.19.3.4.

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Abstract (sommario):
Osnovna uloga duboke stelje u tovu pilića i svinja je termoizolacija te upijanje fecesa i mokraće. Stelja također povećava i fizičku udobnost, zatim djeluje stimulirajuće na piliće i svinje, potičući ih da istražuju okoliš čeprkanjem, odnosno rovanjem, čime umanjuje stres i izražavanje vrsti nesvojstvenog ponašanja. Osim toga, stelja pomiješana s fecesom je i izvanredan gnoj, bogat dušičnim spojevima. O kvaliteti i vrsti stelje ovise mikroklimatski uvjeti u nastambama, proizvodni rezultati i pojava bolesti.
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Jędrzejczyk, Kinga. "Zmiany morfologiczne koryta Pilicy między Domaniewicami a Nowym Miastem nad Pilicą na podstawie analizy kartograficznej". Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Geographica Physica, n. 19 (30 dicembre 2020): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1427-9711.19.03.

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Abstract (sommario):
W artykule przedstawiono w ujęciu morfologicznym zmiany dawnych, postglacjalnych koryt Pilicy między Domaniewicami a Nowym Miastem nad Pilicą w oparciu o materiały kartograficzne z lat 1802–2017. Celem artykułu było również przypisanie Pilicy do określonego typu koryta na podstawie jej charakterystycznych cech morfologicznych. Wykazano, że na charakter dna doliny rzecznej, jak również samego koryta Pilicy, w znacznym stopniu wpłynęło wybudowanie Zbiornika Sulejowskiego.
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Graupner, Stefan, e Wilfried Wackernagel. "Pseudomonas stutzeri Has Two Closely RelatedpilA Genes (Type IV Pilus Structural Protein) with Opposite Influences on Natural Genetic Transformation". Journal of Bacteriology 183, n. 7 (1 aprile 2001): 2359–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.183.7.2359-2366.2001.

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Abstract (sommario):
ABSTRACT Pseudomonas stutzeri has type IV pili for which the pilA gene (here termed pilAI) provides the structural protein and which are required for DNA uptake and natural genetic transformation. Downstream of pilAIwe identified a gene, termed pilAII, coding for a deduced protein with a size similar to that of PilAI with 55% amino acid sequence identity and with a typical leader peptide including a leader peptidase cleavage site. Fusions to lacZ revealed that pilAII is expressed only about 10% compared topilAI, although the genes are cotranscribed as shown by reverse transcription-PCR. Surprisingly, insertional inactivation ofpilAII produced a hypertransformation phenotype giving about 16-fold-increased transformation frequencies. Hypertransformation also occurred in pilAI pilAII double mutants expressing heterologous pilA genes of nontransformable bacteria, like Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Dichelobacter nodosus. The overexpression of pilAII decreased transformation up to 5,000-fold compared to that of thepilAII mutant. However, neither inactivation ofpilAII nor its overexpression affected the amounts of [3H]thymidine-labeled DNA that were competence-specifically bound and taken up by the cells. In thepilAII mutant, the transformation by purified single-stranded DNA (which depends on comA andexbB, as does transformation by duplex DNA) was also increased 17-fold. It is concluded that PilAII suppresses a step in transformation after the uptake of duplex DNA into the cell and perhaps before its translocation into the cytoplasm. The idea that the degree of the transformability of cells could be permanently adjusted by the expression level of an antagonistic protein is discussed.
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Sabolek, Ivana, Mario Ostović, Željko Pavičić, Kristina Matković e Srebrenka Nejedli. "Pregled dosadašnjih spoznaja o utjecaju visine stelje na pojavnost kontaktnog dermatitisa u tovnih pilića". Meso 22, n. 5 (2020): 378–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.31727/m.22.5.4.

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Abstract (sommario):
Kvaliteta stelje je među glavnim čimbenicima o kojima ovise dobrobit i proizvodnost tovnih pilića. Intenzivan rast i razvoj pilića u tovu rezultiraju produljenim razdobljima odmora, što u kombinaciji s lošom kvalitetom stelje pogoduje pojavi kontaktnog dermatitisa na jastučićima nogu, tarzalnim zglobovima i prsima. Kontaktni dermatitis negativno utječe na zdravlje i dobrobit pilića, kvalitetu i zdravstvenu ispravnost mesa te ekonomiku proizvodnje. Glavni uzroci kontaktnog dermatitisa su vlaga i kemijske supstance u stelji koje djeluju nadražujuće, uz mnoštvo čimbenika koji utječu na njegovu pojavnost. S obzirom na utjecaj visine stelje na pojavnost kontaktnog dermatitisa, dosadašnji radovi izvještavaju o različitim, čak oprečnim rezultatima, koji iziskuju daljnja istraživanja. Dodatan naglasak potrebno je staviti na istraživanja utjecaja visine stelje na proizvodnost te kvalitetu i zdravstvenu ispravnost pilećeg mesa.
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Dosković, Vladimir, Snežana Bogosavljević-Bošković, Zdenka Škrbić, Boban Jašović, Simeon Rakonjac, Veselin Petričević e Milun Petrović. "Carcass conformation of Master Gris broiler chickens as an indicator of carcass quality". Acta agriculturae Serbica 23, n. 46 (2018): 247–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/aaser1846247d.

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Xi, Tian Yu, Jian Hua Ding e Hong Jin. "Study on the Influence of Piloti Arrangement on Outdoor Wind Environment in Residential Blocks in Subtropical Climate Zones". Applied Mechanics and Materials 858 (novembre 2016): 227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.858.227.

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Abstract (sommario):
To create shadows and enhance ventilation, piloti is commonly used in subtropical climate areas, and the influence of piloti on outdoor environment need to be revealed. Taking the city of Guangzhou China, as an example, by adopting coupled simulation method, this work researched on the influence of piloti on wind environment in residential blocks. Firstly, a series of building cases with piloti in the center of each building was simulated, and the piloti of each case is 0%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%. Secondly, another 3 cases with 50 percent piloti ratio were simulated, and the piloti arrangement method is crossed, vertical and horizontal for each case. The results showed that, when piloti is in the center of each building, both of velocity under piloti and out of piloti area showed positive correlation with piloti ratio, and the inflection point is 60 percent and 80 percent independently. The result of another 3 cases was plotted on the figure of piloti centralized cases, and for the velocity out of piloti area, the value of these 3 cases is very close to each other and much lower than the centralized case. For the velocity under piloti area, the vertical piloti arrangement case fits the trend of centralized cases well, and the horizontal and cross piloti arrangement case is much lower than that of centralized cases.
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Hoffbuhr, Jack W. "Piling Up". Journal - American Water Works Association 99, n. 3 (marzo 2007): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8833.2007.tb07894.x.

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Ho, Ken. "Piling engineering". Engineering Geology 39, n. 1-2 (maggio 1995): 117–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-7952(95)90016-0.

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Grindean, Roxana, Ioan Tanțău e Angelica Feurdean. "37. Doda Pilii, Apuseni Mountains (Romania)". Grana 56, n. 6 (11 luglio 2017): 478–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2017.1329342.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Pilići"

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Dejan, Beuković. "Hranljiva vrednost sirovog i termički obrađenog zrna soje u ishrani tovnih pilića u zavisnosti od nivoa tripsin inhibitora". Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Poljoprivredni fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2014. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=87693&source=NDLTD&language=en.

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Abstract (sommario):
Soja predstavlja jedan od osnovnih hraniva koje se koristi u ishrani pilića u tovu, zazadovoljenje potreba u proteinima i esencijalnim aminokiselinama. Po ukupnomsadržaju proteina i njihovoj biološkoj vrednosti soja se svrstava u jedno odnajkvalitetnijih proteinskih hraniva, čija aminokiselinska struktura može potpuno dazadovolji potrebe pilića u skoro svim esencijalnim aminokiselinama. PrisustvoKunitz tripsin inhibitora (KTI), i drugih termolabilnih antinutritivnih faktoraograničava upotrebu soje uz obaveznu termičku obradu. Selekcijski napredakomogućio je stvaranje novih sorti koje imaju niži nivo antinutritivnih faktora, međukojima je i sorta „Lana“. Prema ostvarenim rezultatima upotreba soje sorte „Lana“ usmešama (grover i finišer) za ishranu brojlera u koncentraciji od 30% dala jeznačajno lošije proizvodne parametre u odnosu na termički tretiranu, ali i značajnobolje u odnosu na termički neobrađenu sortu sa standardnim nivoom KTI.Zabeležena ekonomska efikasnost i indeks cena u SL grupi je skoro isti kao i kodgrupa sa termičkim tretmanom. Najveća površina i visina crevnih resica, kao idubina kripte je zabeležena u SL grupi. Konstatovana je statistički vrlo značajnahipertrofija pankreasa i uvećanje jetre kod SS grupe ali i značajno uvećanjepankreasa u SL grupi u odnosu na grupe sa termičkim tretmanom. Evidentna je iznačajno lošija svarljivost hranljivih materija (marker metoda, i metoda totalnekolekcije) u SL i SS grupama nasuprot onih grupa koje su bile na termičkomtretmanu. Kod upotrebe različitih nivoa sorte „Lana“ u finišer (peletiranim)smešama za ishranu brojlera, kada su u pitanju proizvodni parametri, dobijenevrednosti su zadovoljavajuće uz sporadična odstupanja u grupama SL14% i SL21%.Takođe Indeks cena i ekonomske efikasnosti je vrlo približan kontrolnoj grupi.Svarljivost u distalnom ileumu je bila značajno bolja u kontrolnoj i 7%SL grupi, zarazliku od proksimalnog ileuma gde ne postoji statistička značajnost. Svarljivostazota u distalnom ileumu je bila značajno lošija u 21% SL grupi, dok uproksimalnom ileumu nije bilo statistički značajnih razlika. Retencija azota je bilaznačajno bolja u kontrolnoj i 7%SL grupi. Razmatrajući sve rezultate, upotreba soje„Lana“ u ishrani brojlera bez prethodne termičke obrade nije preporučljiva u ishraniod 11 dana u koncentraciji od 30% , ali je moguća u peletiranim finišer smešama univou do 14% udela u smeši.
Soybean is one of the basic feed used in the chickens diet for , to satisfy the proteinand essential amino acids needs. By total protein content and their biological value,the soybean is classified as one of the best protein sources, whose amino acidstructure can fully meet the needs of chickens in almost all essential amino acids.The presence of Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI), and other thermolabileantinutritional factors limiting the use of soy with necessary thermal processing.Selection progress has enabled the creation of new varieties that have lower levels ofanti-nutritional factors, including the variety "Lana". Our results showed that the useof soybean variety "Lana" in mixtures (grower and finisher) for broilers at theconcentration of 30% gave a significantly lower production parameters, as comparedto heat-treated, but also a significant better, compared to the thermally non-treatedsoybean variety with standard level of KTI . Noted Economic efficiency and thePrice index in the SL group was almost the same as in the group with thermaltreatment. Largest surface and height of the villi and crypt depth was observed in theSL group. We found a statistically significant hypertrophy of the pancreas andenlargement of the liver in the SS group and a significant increase in pancreatic atSL group compared to the groups with thermal treatment. Evident is significantlyworse digestibility of nutrients (marker method , and the method of total collection )in the SL and SS groups opposed to those groups that were on the thermal treatment.When using a different levels of variety " Lana" in the finisher ( pelleted ) diets forbroilers , in terms of production parameters, values obtained were satisfactory withsporadic deviations in groups and SL14% SL21% . Also index price and economicefficiency is highly approximate to the control group. The digestibility at the distalileum was significantly better in the control and the SL 7%, group in contrast to theproximal ileum, where is no statistical significance. The digestibility of nitrogen inthe distal ileum was significantly inferior to 21% SL group, and in the proximalileum, there is no statistically significant differences. Nitrogen retention wassignificantly better control, and in 7%SL group. Considering all the results, the useof variety "Lana" in diet for broilers without heat treatment is not recommended inthe grower mixture (from 11 day) at the concentration of 30%, but it is freelyavailable for use in pellet for of finisher mixture, at levels up to 14% of mixture.
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Dejan, Prvulović. "Aluminosilikati u ishrani pilića: biohemijski parametri iantitoksični efekti". Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2012. http://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=83265&source=NDLTD&language=en.

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Abstract (sommario):
U ovom radu je ispitivan uticaj Antitoksičnognutritiva(ATN), preparata na bazi prirodnih aluminosilikata,na biohemijske, fiziološke, tehnološke i proizvodne parametre uzgoja pilića. ATN je smeša zeolita klinoptilolita, gline monmorilonita i male količine aktivnog uglja. Dodatak ovog preparata u hranivo za piliće u količini od 5 g/kg nije izazvao promene u normalnoj biohemijskoj i fiziološkoj homeostazi životinja. Hematološki parametri, koncentracija metabolita, elektrolita i aktivnost enzima seruma i jetre je bila u granicama referentnih vrednosti. ATN ne utiče na prirast životinja, ni na konverziju hrane, ali dovodi do povećanja relativnih masa pojedinih organa digestivnog trakta.Uočava se da dodatkom ATN-a u hranivo dolazi do smanjenja količine masti a povećanja količine proteina u belom mesu. ATN takođe povećava i sadržaj pepela ubelom i crvenom mesu.Akutni ili hronični tronedeljni oralni unos pojedinih toksikanata (mikotoksina aflatoksina B1i ohratoksina A, herbicida parakvata, jona olova ili toksinacijanobakterija-mikrocistisa) dovodi do poremećaja normalne biohemijske i fiziološke homeostaze pojedinih organa i tkiva pilića, što je utvrđeno na osnovu rezultata hematoloških i biohemijskih analiza, određivanja enzima antioksidativne zaštite i lipidne peroksidacije, kao i odredjivanja parametara uzgoja i težine organa. ATN, dodat u hranu u količini od 5 g/kg, mogao da bude dobar protektivni agens za delovanje aflatoksina, parakvata, jona teških metala i mikrocistisa, ali ne i ohratoksina.
This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with hydrated aluminosilicate (Antitoxic Nutrient-ATN), based on zeolitic ore (clinoptilolite), clay bentonite (montmorillonite),and small amounts of activated charcoal, on  performance, hematological, serum, and liver biochemical parameters, as well as organ weights and meat quality in broiler chickens. The dietary addition of ATN has  no adverse effects on serum and liver biochemical parameters and does not affect the normal physiological homeostasis of animals. However, the results of this study demonstrate that supplementation with 5 g/kg of ATN influenced organ weights, and chemical composition of broiler chicken meat.This study also evaluated the effectiveness of ATN to protect broilers from adverse effects of five different toxic substances (mycotoxins aflatoxin B1, and ochratoxin A, herbicide paraquat, heavy metal ions supplied as lead-acetate, and microcystis, toxin of cyanobacteria). Toxic substances induced oxidative stress and disturb normal biochemical and physiological homeostasis of different tissues and organs in poultry. The results from this study demonstrate that the biochemical variables of serum, liver, kidney, lung and other organs were negatively affected by all five toxic substances. The additionof 5 g/kg of ATN was protective against aflatoxin B1, lead-acetate, paraquat and microcystis, but not against ochratoxin A.
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Sanja, Popović. "Утицај примене мешавине етарских уља у исхрани на производне карактеристике и квалитет меса бројлерских пилића". Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Tehnološki fakultet Novi Sad, 2019. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=110622&source=NDLTD&language=en.

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Abstract (sommario):
Задатак ове докторске дисертације је био да се испита могућност и ефекти примене мешавине етарских уља тимијана (Thymus vulgaris), оригана (Origanum vulgare) и рузмарина (Rosmarinus officinalis), као природног промотера раста, у узгоју бројлерских пилића на производне карактеристике, биохемијске параметре крви, хисто-морфолошке параметре јетре и цревних ресица, сварљивост хранљивих материја, квалитет трупа и меса пилића, као и на економичност саме производње.У циљу реализације постављених задатака изведен је биолошки оглед у којем су коришћени бројлерски пилићи линијског хибрида Ross 308. Биолошки оглед је изведен на укупно 840 једнодневних бројлерских пилића, подељених у три огледна третмана, два експериментална и један контролни. Као природни промотер раста коришћена је мешавина етарских уља тимијана, оригана и рузмарина у концентрацијама од 0,05 и 0,10%.Током огледног периода континуирано су праћене производне карактеристике бројлерских пилића, а на основу анализе добијених резултата закључено је да испитивана мешавина етарских уља тимијана, оригана и рузмарина може веома успешно да се користити у исхрани бројлерских пилића као природни промотер раста. Позитиван утицај овог додатка је најпре исказан кроз пораст прираста бројлерских пилића (4,29-4,61%), као и на конверзију хране код јединки (7,69-8,28%). Посматрано по периодима исхране, најекономичнија производња бројлерских пилића у стартер периоду исхране постигнута применом 0,05% мешавине етарских уља тимијана, оригана и рузмарина у исхрани бројлерских пилића, док се у гровер периоду исхране ефикаснијом показала доза од 0,10%. Најекономичнија производња бројлерских пилића током целокупног периода това остварена је применом 0,05% мешавине етарских уља тимијана, оригана и рузмарина у исхрани, будући да је у овом третману постигнута најмања вредност цене прираста пилића (71,41 din/kg) највећа вредност индекса економске ефикасности, као и најмања вредност индекса цена производње. Анализом резултата добијених испитивањем активности панкреасних ензима у крвеном серуму и панкреасу бројлерских пилића, установљено је да додата мешавина етарских уља утиче позитивно на активност поменутих ензима у панкреасу, при чему је установљена и значајна позитивна корелација између активности протеазе у панкреасу и крвном серуму бројлерских пилића (r =+0,858; p<0,05). Када је реч о специфичном титру антитела у крвном серуму бројлерских пилића утврђено је да је примена мешавине етарских уља тимијана, оригана и рузмарина у исхрани бројлерских пилића у концентрацији од 0,10% допринела благом порасту концентрације IgА антитела у крви што потенцијално представља индикатор јачања имунолошког система, док је статистички значајан (p<0,05) утицај уочен и на секрецију IgG антитела у крвном серуму бројлерских пилића у оба експериментална третмана. Додата мешавина етарских уља није испољила ефекте на одабране показатеље липидног статуса крви бројлерских пилића, међутим утицала је на значајно побољшање сварљивости сирових протеина, сирове масти, сировог пепела, калцијума и фосфора код бројлерских пилића, чиме је повећана искористљивост основних хранљивих материја, а самим тим су побољшане и производне карактеристике. Утврђене појединачне вредности свих испитаних фактора квалитета трупа закланих пилића указују на позитивне ефекте које су фитобиотици испољили у организму бројлерских пилића. Такође, применом наведене мешавине етарских уља у исхрани бројлерских пилића добијено је пилеће месо побољшаних нутритивних, технолошких и сензорских својстава. С обзиром на значај масних киселина у исхрани људи, од велике важности је позитиван учинак који је додата мешавина етарских уља тимијана, оригана и рузмарина испољила на маснокиселински састав меса бројлерских пилића. Смањен је садржај засићених масних киселина, уз истовремено повећање садржаја полинезасићених масних киселина, чиме је постигнут препоручен однос n-6 / n-3 масних киселина у месу пилића.На основу добијених резултата може се закључити да се избалансираном храном за бројлерске пилиће, са оптималним саставом и садржајем природних промотера раста могу добити пилићи побољшаних производних карактеристика, који се одликују ефикасном сварљивошћу хранљивих материја, те имају добре рандмане и више меса на трупу. Додатно, добијено месо je побошљаног нутритивног, технолошког и сензорског квалитета, обогаћено n-3 масним киселинама и одликује се оптималним односом n-6/n-3 масних киселина. Када се на све то додају и позитивни економски параметри производње онда се са сигурношћу може тврдити да је употреба мешавине етарских уља тимијана, оригана и рузмарина у исхрани бројлерских пилића потпуно оправдана.
Zadatak ove doktorske disertacije je bio da se ispita mogućnost i efekti primene mešavine etarskih ulja timijana (Thymus vulgaris), origana (Origanum vulgare) i ruzmarina (Rosmarinus officinalis), kao prirodnog promotera rasta, u uzgoju brojlerskih pilića na proizvodne karakteristike, biohemijske parametre krvi, histo-morfološke parametre jetre i crevnih resica, svarljivost hranljivih materija, kvalitet trupa i mesa pilića, kao i na ekonomičnost same proizvodnje.U cilju realizacije postavljenih zadataka izveden je biološki ogled u kojem su korišćeni brojlerski pilići linijskog hibrida Ross 308. Biološki ogled je izveden na ukupno 840 jednodnevnih brojlerskih pilića, podeljenih u tri ogledna tretmana, dva eksperimentalna i jedan kontrolni. Kao prirodni promoter rasta korišćena je mešavina etarskih ulja timijana, origana i ruzmarina u koncentracijama od 0,05 i 0,10%.Tokom oglednog perioda kontinuirano su praćene proizvodne karakteristike brojlerskih pilića, a na osnovu analize dobijenih rezultata zaključeno je da ispitivana mešavina etarskih ulja timijana, origana i ruzmarina može veoma uspešno da se koristiti u ishrani brojlerskih pilića kao prirodni promoter rasta. Pozitivan uticaj ovog dodatka je najpre iskazan kroz porast prirasta brojlerskih pilića (4,29-4,61%), kao i na konverziju hrane kod jedinki (7,69-8,28%). Posmatrano po periodima ishrane, najekonomičnija proizvodnja brojlerskih pilića u starter periodu ishrane postignuta primenom 0,05% mešavine etarskih ulja timijana, origana i ruzmarina u ishrani brojlerskih pilića, dok se u grover periodu ishrane efikasnijom pokazala doza od 0,10%. Najekonomičnija proizvodnja brojlerskih pilića tokom celokupnog perioda tova ostvarena je primenom 0,05% mešavine etarskih ulja timijana, origana i ruzmarina u ishrani, budući da je u ovom tretmanu postignuta najmanja vrednost cene prirasta pilića (71,41 din/kg) najveća vrednost indeksa ekonomske efikasnosti, kao i najmanja vrednost indeksa cena proizvodnje. Analizom rezultata dobijenih ispitivanjem aktivnosti pankreasnih enzima u krvenom serumu i pankreasu brojlerskih pilića, ustanovljeno je da dodata mešavina etarskih ulja utiče pozitivno na aktivnost pomenutih enzima u pankreasu, pri čemu je ustanovljena i značajna pozitivna korelacija između aktivnosti proteaze u pankreasu i krvnom serumu brojlerskih pilića (r =+0,858; p<0,05). Kada je reč o specifičnom titru antitela u krvnom serumu brojlerskih pilića utvrđeno je da je primena mešavine etarskih ulja timijana, origana i ruzmarina u ishrani brojlerskih pilića u koncentraciji od 0,10% doprinela blagom porastu koncentracije IgA antitela u krvi što potencijalno predstavlja indikator jačanja imunološkog sistema, dok je statistički značajan (p<0,05) uticaj uočen i na sekreciju IgG antitela u krvnom serumu brojlerskih pilića u oba eksperimentalna tretmana. Dodata mešavina etarskih ulja nije ispoljila efekte na odabrane pokazatelje lipidnog statusa krvi brojlerskih pilića, međutim uticala je na značajno poboljšanje svarljivosti sirovih proteina, sirove masti, sirovog pepela, kalcijuma i fosfora kod brojlerskih pilića, čime je povećana iskoristljivost osnovnih hranljivih materija, a samim tim su poboljšane i proizvodne karakteristike. Utvrđene pojedinačne vrednosti svih ispitanih faktora kvaliteta trupa zaklanih pilića ukazuju na pozitivne efekte koje su fitobiotici ispoljili u organizmu brojlerskih pilića. Takođe, primenom navedene mešavine etarskih ulja u ishrani brojlerskih pilića dobijeno je pileće meso poboljšanih nutritivnih, tehnoloških i senzorskih svojstava. S obzirom na značaj masnih kiselina u ishrani ljudi, od velike važnosti je pozitivan učinak koji je dodata mešavina etarskih ulja timijana, origana i ruzmarina ispoljila na masnokiselinski sastav mesa brojlerskih pilića. Smanjen je sadržaj zasićenih masnih kiselina, uz istovremeno povećanje sadržaja polinezasićenih masnih kiselina, čime je postignut preporučen odnos n-6 / n-3 masnih kiselina u mesu pilića.Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata može se zaključiti da se izbalansiranom hranom za brojlerske piliće, sa optimalnim sastavom i sadržajem prirodnih promotera rasta mogu dobiti pilići poboljšanih proizvodnih karakteristika, koji se odlikuju efikasnom svarljivošću hranljivih materija, te imaju dobre randmane i više mesa na trupu. Dodatno, dobijeno meso je pobošljanog nutritivnog, tehnološkog i senzorskog kvaliteta, obogaćeno n-3 masnim kiselinama i odlikuje se optimalnim odnosom n-6/n-3 masnih kiselina. Kada se na sve to dodaju i pozitivni ekonomski parametri proizvodnje onda se sa sigurnošću može tvrditi da je upotreba mešavine etarskih ulja timijana, origana i ruzmarina u ishrani brojlerskih pilića potpuno opravdana.
The main objective of this research was to investigate the possibility and effects of dietary essential oils mixtures of thyme (Thymus vulgaris), oregano (Origanum vulgare) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), as a natural growth promoter, in broiler chicken nutrition on productive performances, blood biochemical parameters, morphological parameters of liver and villus, ileal nutrient digestibility, carcass characteristics and broiler meat quality, as well on the economic efficiency coasts of broiler chicken production. In order to realize the tasks set, biological trial was carried out on which Ross 308 strain broiler chickens. A totall of 840 one-day-old broiler chickens were equally distributed into three dietary treatments, two experimental and one control. As a natural growth promoter dietary thyme, oregano and rosemary essential oils mixture in concentrations 0.05 i 0.10% was used.During the experimental period, the production characteristics of broiler chickens were continuously monitored. Based on the analysis of the obtained results, it was concluded that the dietary thyme, oregano and rosemary essential oils mixture can be used very successfully in the nutrition of broiler chickens as a natural growth promoter. The positive effect of this supplement was first expressed through the increase in broiler chickens body weight gain (4.29-4.61%), as well through the feed conversion ratio (7.69-8.28%). Observed by the nutrition periods, the most economical production of broiler chickens in the starter period was achieved using 0.05% of the dietary thyme, oregano and rosemary essential oils mixture, while in a grover period a 0.10% dose proved to be more effective. The most economical production of broiler chickens during the entire fattening period was achieved using 0.05% of the dietary thyme, oregano and rosemary essential oils mixture in nutrition, since in this treatment the lowest value of body weight gain price (71.41 din/kg) was achieved, as well as the highest value of the economic efficiency index, and the smallest value of the price index. Regarding the activity of pancreatic enzymes in blood serum and pancreas of broiler chickens, it was found that the added mixture of essential oils had positive influence on the enzymes activity in pancreas, with a significant positive correlation between the protease activity in the pancreas and the blood serum of broiler chickens (r=+0.858; p<0.05). When it comes to the specific antibody titer in the blood serum of broiler chickens, it has been found that the use of a dietary thyme, oregano and rosemary essential oils mixture in broiler chickens nutrition at a concentration of 0.10% contributed to a mild increase in the IgA antibody concentration in the blood, which potentially represents an indicator of the strengthening of the broiler chickens immune system, while statistically significant (p<0.05) influence was observed on the IgG antibodies secretion in blood serum of broiler chickens in both experimental treatments. The added mixture of essential oils did not influence lipid profile status of broiler chickens blood, however, had positive effect on the digestibility of raw proteins, raw fats, raw ash, calcium and phosphorus in broiler chickens, which increased the utilization of basic nutrients, and therefore production characteristics of broiler chickens were improved. Improved carcass characteristics in experimental treatments indicate positive effects that phytobiotic exhibited in broiler chickens. Moreover, using the mixture of essential oils, nutritional, technological and sensory properties of chicken meat has been improved. Considering the importance of fatty acids in human nutrition, the positive effect of dietary thyme, oregano and rosemary essential oils mixture on the fatty acid composition of broiler chicken meat has a great significance. The saturated fatty acids content was reduced, while the polyunsaturated fatty acids content was increased, thus achieving the recommended ratio of n-6/n-3 fatty acids in chicken meat.Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that with well-balanced feed, which contains optimal composition and content of natural growth promoters, can produce broiler chickens with improved production characteristics, which are characterized by an effective nutrients digestibility, and have good carcass yield and more meat. In addition, the obtained meat will have improved nutritive, technological and sensory quality, enriched with n-3 fatty acids and with optimal ratio of n-6/n-3 fatty acids. When all of this is added to the positive economic parameters of production then it can be safely claimed that the use of a dietary thyme, oregano and rosemary essential oils mixture in broiler chickens nutirition is completely justified.
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4

Volungevičius, Vytautas. "Pilis ir jos sociopolitinės transformacijos Lietuvos Didžiojoje Kunigaikštystėje XIV-XVI a. pirmoje pusėje". Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140929_100350-45763.

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Disertacijos objekto tyrimo strategija remiasi keturiais kriterijais. Pirma, fenomeno ir jo raidos tyrimo. Antra, tyrimas nėra apribojamas tik šiandieninės Lietuvos Respublikos teritorija. Trečia, tiriamoji problema ir keliami klausimai interpretuojami apimant platesnį spektrą europinės istoriografijos pavyzdžių, kurie įgalina lyginamojoje perspektyvoje kontekstualizuoti egzistavusios vietinės socialinės tikrovės ypatumus, ieškoti sąryšio / skirties, bendros raidos taškų tarp skirtinguose regionuose egzistavusių fenomenų. Ketvirta, į tiriamąjį objektą žvelgiama kaip į daugiasluoksne struktūra pasireiškusį fenomeną. Tokiu būdu bandoma ieškoti naujų teorinių prieigų, neapsiribojant vien tik tradiciniu istoriniu pasakojimu. Disertacijos tyrimo objektas – pilis kaip kokybiškai, priklausomai nuo sociopolitinių sąlygų, kintantis reiškinys. Pilis suvokiama kaip Viduramžių ir ankstyvųjų Naujųjų laikų visuomenės teritorinis, socialinis, simbolinis, teisinis ir reprezentacinis fenomenas. Kartu pilis suprantama kaip integrali socialinės tikrovės dalis, todėl interpretuotina tik siejant ją su visuomene, jos transformacijomis ir veikla, kintančiomis geopolitinėmis aplinkybėmis. Pilis apibrėžiama kaip struktūra atsispiriant nuo trijų pjūvių: teritorijos (a), visuomenės (b), galios-valdžios (c). Pilis aiškinama kaip teritoriją telkiantis ir formuojantis branduolys, tokiu būdu erdvė ilgainiui buvo transformuojama į aiškią ir savo ribas turinčią teisiškai, administraciškai, ūkiškai pavaldžią... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
The strategy of research into the dissertation object is based on four criteria. First, it is a study of a phenomenon and its development. Second, the study is not confined to the present territory of the Republic of Lithuania. Third, the research problem and questions raised are interpreted in a broader light of examples from the European historiography, which enable to contextualise past features of the local social reality and search for similarities and/or differences as well as common points in the development of the phenomena which existed in different regions. Fourth, the object under analysis is perceived as a phenomenon with a multifaceted structure. Therefore, an attempt is made to look for new theoretical approaches rather than limit oneself to a traditional historical narrative. Historiography has seen attempts to disclose the development of society, uneven social structure, its specific features, etc. through the analysis of one phenomenon. However, this is only possible by looking at that phenomenon from different perspectives and analysing it as a product of different spheres of social reality, because focusing on a single aspect of the phenomenon limits the possibilities for interpretation which would reveal the multifunctional nature of the phenomenon and uneven trajectories of its development. The phenomenon of the castle is one of those problems which has not been analysed systematically and consistently. The existing historiography has mostly perceived... [to full text]
Man versteht die Burg als ein sich mit der Zeit und in einem bestimmten Raum veränderndes soziopolitisches Phänomen. Dieses Phänomen hatte verschiedene Besonderheiten, die von der konkrete Gesellschaft beeinflusst worden sind. Deshalb ist es sehr wichtig zu betonen, dass Großfürstentum Litauen in seiner räumlichen und territoriellen Lage sehr heterogen war, d.h., dass Sozialstruktur von verschiedener Staatsterritorien auch sehr unterschiedlich war. Dies lässt uns behaupten, dass wir nicht über Burgphänomen, sondern über Burgphänomene sprechen sollen. Diese Annahme supponiert solche methodische Ausgangspunkte: • Vergleichende (diachrone und synchrone) Perspektive • Strukturalistische Perspektive Die Burg war ein Teil der damaligen Gesellschaft und der Ausdruck der Sozialrealität, deswegen soll man aufmerksam sein und verschiedene Phänomenentwicklungen beachten, weil jeder Raum und jedes Territorium seine eigene Sozialstruktur hatte. (Laut Henri Lefebvre: „Jede Gesellschaft (...) produziert einen ihr eigenen Raum“). Zweifelsohne beeinflusste sie die Entwicklung der Burg. Als einer der methodischen Ansätze man kann also das Phänomen der Gleichzeitigkeit des Ungleichzeitigen Phänomen nennen. Besondere Konzentrierung an den Raum und ihrer Heterogenität in der Geschichte (R. Koselleck).
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5

Šinkūnaitė, Eglė. "Lietuvos pilių muziejų komunikacija". Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20140627_163924-89232.

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Magistro darbo objektas – Lietuvos pilių muziejų komunikacija. Darbo tikslas – įvertinti Lietuvos pilių muziejų komunikacijos pobūdį, jos sričių rodiklius 2007, 2009 m., nustatyti pilių muziejų komunikacijos paklausos lygį bei reitingą Lietuvos muziejų komunikacijos paklausoje. Darbo uždaviniai – analizuoti muziejinės komunikacijos sampratas, struktūrą ir būdus; nustatyti Lietuvos pilių muziejų klasifikaciją ir tipologiją; išanalizuoti pilių muziejų komunikacijos sričių rodiklius 2007, 2009 m. (internetinės svetainės ir socialiniai tinklapiai 2010, 2011 m.); nustatyti pilių muziejų reitingą bendrame muziejų lankyme. Remiantis muziejų metinėmis veiklos ir statistinėmis analizėmis, internetinėmis svetainėmis bei socialiniais tinklapiais, empirinių duomenų analizės metodu, išanalizuota pilių muziejų fizinė (parodos, leidyba, edukacija, renginiai) ir elektroninė komunikacija (virtualios parodos, socialiniai tinklapiai, internetinės svetainės), nustatytas pilių muziejų reitingas bendrame muziejų lankyme. Padarytos išvados – muziejus komunikacijai pasitelkia įvairias priemones – tiek fizines, tiek ir elektronines; daugiausia pilies muziejai turi savivaldybės muziejaus statusą; pilies muziejaus dominuojantis tipas – istorinis muziejus; pilių muziejų komunikacija plečiasi, ypač, auga elektroninės komunikacijos paklausa; pilių muziejai turintys respublikinio ir nacionalinio muziejų statusą, yra vieni iš lankomiausių. Magistro darbas gali būti naudingas muziejininkams, dirbantiems... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
Castles have a significant place in Lithuanian history at all times being a symbol of the grandeur of the state and also a symbol of struggle and resistance. Few buildings of this type have only remained in Lithuania until now, and museums are accommodated in almost half of them. So it gives us an opportunity to witness the interaction of two objects of different type of heritage: a castle itself and a museum with all its treasuries. There have not been many scientific studies on museums in Lithuania so far and there are no studies on the museums of castles at all. Therefore, it may be reasonable to give more attention to the castle museums in Lithuania. Having analysed the communication between these types of memorial institutions we will be able to supplement the knowledge about them that we have from scarce studies on this subject. At the same time we can contribute to the research on the demand of Lithuanian museums by ascertaining and emphasizing the commonalities of the structure, areas and means of communication in castle museums and other types of Lithuanian museums, and by rating them according to numbers of visitors and the demand. The research includes 8 castle museums of Lithuania. The aim of the thesis is to evaluate the nature of the communication of Lithuanian castle museums and the indicators of the areas of communication in 2007 and 2009, to ascertain the level of demand of communication in castle museums and to determine their position in the rating... [to full text]
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6

Marceau, Michaël. "L'adhesion mediee par les pili de neisseria meningitidis : role de la variation antigenique et de la glycosylation de la piline". Paris 6, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA066451.

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Neisseria meningitidis, est l'agent de la meningite cerebro-spinale chez l'homme. L'adhesion aux tissus est essentielle pour la pathogenicite de n. Meningitidis. Elle permet le franchissement de la barriere hemato-meningee par la bacterie en provenance du torrent circulatoire. Les seuls attributs bacteriens indispensables a l'adhesion sont de longs appendices proteiques filamenteux : les pili. Les pili sont composes de la repetition d'une sous-unite de base : la piline. La piline est soumise a variation antigenique c'est a dire que sa structure primaire est sujette a variation au sein de la descendance d'un meme clone. Le role de la variation antigenique de la piline est sans doute d'echapper au systeme immunitaire de l'hote. Cependant, il a ete montre que les derives d'une meme souche exprimant des pilines differentes peuvent egalement aussi differents degres d'adhesion aux cellules. De fait, certains variants de piline sont responsables d'hyperadhesivite alors que d'autres ont un faible pouvoir adhesif. Les travaux que nous presentons ont permis d'identifier plusieurs mecanismes par lesquels la piline module le degre d'adhesion de la bacterie. La region carboxyterminale de la molecule a d'abord ete identifiee comme responsable de cette modulation. Les observations en microscopie electronique ont permis de montrer qu'elle etait impliquee dans un mecanisme base sur le controle de l'agregation des pili entre eux. Ce dernier permet d'augmenter les interactions bacterie-bacterie responsables elles-memes du nombre de bacteries interagissant avec les cellules. Les travaux les plus recents ont permis de caracteriser un autre mecanisme base sur la presence ou l'absence d'une modification post-traductionnelle, une glycosylation, impliquant une autre region de la piline. Nous avons montre que la piline est plus soluble en milieu acqueux lorsqu'elle est glycosylee, et que cette solubilite influe sur l'equilibre entre la piline assemblee en pili et la piline a l'etat monomerique, soluble dans le milieu. La piline possede un domaine de fixation aux cellules humaines, masque lorsque la piline prend part a l'assemblage du pilus. Le maintient par la glycosylation de la piline sous forme monomerique pourrait permettre a ce site d'interagir avec les cellules, suggerant que la piline joue un role autre que structural.
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7

Nataša, Vulelić. "Menadžerski kapaciteti proizvođača tovnih pilića i njihov uticaj na rezultate proizvodnje". Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Poljoprivredni fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2015. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=92750&source=NDLTD&language=en.

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It is a well-known fact that there are significant differences in production output and business results of farms operating under rather similar natural and socio-economic conditions. Such differences can be attributed to biological factors, specialization level and production intensity, size of farms, implemented production practice, but also to the differences in capabilities of farmers, that is, their managerial capacities.
The starting point in selection of subjects for the research was significance of managerial capacities and the fact that not enough attention is dedicated to them, as well as the necessity of urgent improvement of competitiveness in production of poultry meat in our country. Therefore, the subject of the research in this doctoral dissertation is managerial capacities of broiler producers in Vojvodina. When analysing managerial capacities of broiler producers, not only were personal aspects taken into account (gender, age, education level, previous experience, etc.), but the subject of consideration includes characteristics of decision making process (planning, implementation and control) as well. The main objective of the study is to point out to the significance of managerial capacities, possibilities and methods implemented in their assessment, and to establish the reason why some of the broiler producers in Vojvodina, operating under rather similar conditions, are more efficient as compared to other farmers. In order to analyse managerial capacities of broiler producers and to judge whether and to what extent do they influence the production output (technical and economic efficiency), 30 broiler farms of different production capacities, all at the territory of AP Vojvodina, were comprised in the analysis.
One of the starting hypotheses in this study considers significant differences in technical and economic efficiency between the selected broiler farms. Technical and economy efficiency indexes, obtained by implemented DEA method, indicate that such hypothesis was justified. The obtained TE indexes point out that broiler producers in Vojvodina are relatively technically efficient (six out of thirty producers achieved maximum level of TE). However, the number of farms that achieved maximum level of EE is much lower (only one out of thirty farms achieves maximum level of EE), which indicates the market difficulties that producers are coping with, but also proves that it is possible to operate better under the existing conditions which are assumed to be the same for all. The number of economically inefficient farms could be reduced through decrease of production costs (primarily reduction of feed costs, increase of operation productivity, reduction of energy costs, etc.), which certainly requires, as one of preconditions, the adequate managerial capacities of producers.
The assumption that certain aspects of managerial capacities, such as personal aspects and decision making process, influence TE and EE has been confirmed with the results of Tobit regression. Statistically significant influence of achieved TE and EE is confirmed in 9 out of 82 variables included in the models. This certainly does not mean
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that other aspects of managerial capacities are not significant, but that under current conditions, relatively small number of variables determines the number of farms that will manage to achieve or at least to nearly achieve “the best possible practice”.
Statistically significant influence was also proven in certain personal aspects of producers, as well as in some aspects of decision making process. Therefore, it is necessary to explain to producers and advisors the significance of the aforesaid aspects and to work on their improvement. The only aspect proven as significant both for TE and EE is the experience of farmers, which only explains the poor working environment that our producers operate in. The conclusion which can be derived from the aforesaid is that the most significant and irreplaceable managerial capacity of broiler producers is their experience. Such experience mainly refers to business relations and acquaintances obtained from long-lasting engagement in broiler production, but also to their ability to find their way and achieve success in conditions of the black economy.
The fact that there is no statistical significance in terms of influence of certain aspects of managerial capacities on TE and EE, actually points out to underdevelopment of the required managerial capacities of broiler producers. Therefore, the improvement of managerial abilities must be set as the permanent task, so competitiveness of poultry meat sector could be increased. To this effect, it is necessary to provide constant education through trainings and seminars, as well as regular cooperation with advisory service (particularly in terms of significance of keeping records, planning and control of the achieved results), but also through exchange of experience and cooperation with other producers.

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Siniša, Bjedov. "RAZVOJ TEHNOLOŠKIH POSTUPAKA U CILJU PREVENCIJE NASTANKA TABANSKIH LEZIJA BROJLERSKIH PILIĆA". Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Poljoprivredni fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2016. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=100034&source=NDLTD&language=en.

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U okviru doktorske disertacije prikazani su rezultati ispitivanja razliĉitih tehnoloških postupaka u cilju prevencije nastanka oštećenja tabanskih jastuĉića brojlerskih pilića. Istraţivanja su sprovedena u 4 ogleda i to u jednom u kome su vršena ispitivanja fiziĉko – hemijskih i higroskopnih osobina materijala koji se mogu koristiti kao prostirka, kao i tri biološka ogleda koji su imali za cilj da ispitaju uticaj razliĉitih faktora na oštećenja tabanskih jatuĉića kod brojlerskih pilića. Cilj bioloških ogleda je bio da odgovore na pitanje da li se razliĉitim tretmanima prostirke, primenom razliĉitih preparata i ishranom moţe uticati na prevenciju nastanka tabanskih lezija kod brojlerskih pilića. Pored toga, cilj ovih ogleda je bio da se utvrdi kako primenjene tehnologije utiĉu na proizvodne rezultate brojlera. Od fiziĉkih karakteristika materijala koji se mogu koristiti kao prostirka u tovu brojlera ispitivane su sposobnost vezivanja i otpuštanja vode, a od hemijskih sadrţaj suve materije, sadrţaj sirovih vlakana kao i pojedine frakcije (NDF, ADF, hemiceluoza, celuloza i lignin). Biološki ogledi su sprovedeni u objektima eksprimentalne farme (mikro ogled) i u proizvodnim uslovima (makro ogled). U biološkim ogledima kao prostirka je korišćena pšeniĉna slama, a tretmani kojima je pokušano poboljšanje njenih karakteristika su bili seckanje, kao i dodatak mikrobiološko-enzimskog preparata (Micropan Complex®) i lignina. Uticaj ishrane na oštećenja tabanskih jastuĉića ispitivan je u biološkom ogledu, ishranom brojlerskih pilića smešama sa smanjenom energijom i dodavanjem enzima koji poboljšava varenje hrane. Kao rezultat uticaja pomenutih tretmana ispitivani su kvalitet prostirke (vlaga, pH i emisija amonijaka), proizvodnih parametri u tovu brojlera (telesna masa, utošak hrane, konverzija, mortalitet i proizvodni indeks), ponašanje brojlera, kao i nastanak i stepen oštećenja tabanskih jastuĉića.Ocena oštećenja tabanskih jastuĉića je vršena makroskopski (primenom skale od 0-3, a u skladu sa zahvaćenom površinom) i mikroskopski, histološkom analizom koţe tabanskih jastuĉića. Rezultati ispitivanja fiziĉko-hemijskih karakteristika razliĉitih materijala pokazuju da pšeniĉna slama upija velike koliĉine vode, a usled niskog sadrţaja NDF slabo optušta vodu te shodno tome predstavlja loš izbor za prostirku u pogledu nastanka oštećenja tabanskih jastuĉića. MeĊutim, rezultati su pokazali da seckanje slame, kao tehnološki postupak, moţe uticati na nastanak i stepen oštećenja tabanskih jastiĉića, ali da dovodi i do povećanja telesnih masa brojlera kao i promena u ponašanju pilića. Dodatak mikrobiološko-enzimskog preparata dovodi do smanjenja pojave i stepena oštećenja tabanskih jastuĉića brojlera gajenih i na seckanoj i na nesckanoj slami. Rezultati takoĊe pokazuju da se, u proizvodnim uslovima, primenom lignina uprostirci od neseckane slame moţe smanjiti oštećenje tabanskih jastuĉića. Upotreba smeša koje sadrţe smanjene koliĉine energije uz primenu enzima dovodi do prevencije u pogledu nastanka tabanskih lezija, bez znaĉajnog uticaja na proizvodne rezultate. Histološka analiza tabanskih jastuĉića je pokazala da sistem ocenjivanja koji se zasniva na zahvaćenoj površini tabanskih jastuĉića u saglasnosti sa stepenom i ozbiljnošću oštećenja koţe tabanskih jastuĉića i da moţe predstavljati standardi model za ocenjivanje na liniji klanja. Na osnovu rezultata ove disertacije se moţe zakljuĉiti da primenjeni tehnološki postupci mogu znaĉajno uticati na prevenciju oštećenja tabanskih jastuĉića, bez negativnog uticaja na proizvodne rezultate u tovu brojlera.
Within this dissertation, the results of various technological processes are shown in order to prevent the occurrence of damage to the foot pads of broiler chickens. The study was conducted in four trials, one in which we investigated the physical - chemical and hygroscopic properties of materials that can be used as litter, as well as three biological trials which were aimed to examine the influence of various factors on the damage to the foot pads in broiler chickens. The objective of the biological experiments was to answer the question whether the various treatments of litters, usage of different preparations and nutrition can prevent occurrence of foot lesions in broiler chickens. In addition, the aim of this experiment was to determine how the applied technology affects performance of broiler chickens. Among physical properties of materials that can be used as litter in fatting broilers, absorption and release of water were investigate, and among chemical properties there were content of dry matter, crude fiber content as well as individual fractions (NDF, ADF, hemicelluloses, cellulose and lignin). Biological experiments were conducted in the facilities of experimental farm (micro experiment) and in production conditions (macro experiment). In biological experiments wheat straw was used as litter and treatments which attempted to improve its characteristics were chopping and addition of microbial-enzyme preparation (Micropan Complex®) and lignin. Feeding influence on damage to the foot pad was tested in a biological experiment, by feeding broilers with reduced energy diet and by adding enzymes that improve digestion. As a result of the impact of the above mentioned treatments there were tested the litter quality (moisture, pH and ammonia emissions), production parameters in fattening broilers (body weight, feed consumption, conversion, mortality and production index), the behavior of broilers, as well as the onset and degree of damage to the foot pads.Assessment of the damage to the foot pads was done macroscopically (on a scale from 0-3, and according to the affected area) and microscopically, by histological analysis of skin of foot pads. Test results of physic-chemical characteristics of different materials indicate that wheat straw absorbs large amounts of water, due to the low content of NDF it releases water slowly and consequently represents a bad choice for a litter in terms of damage to the foot pads. However, the results showed that chopping straw as a technological procedure may influence the onset and degree of damage to the foot pads, but it also leads to an increase in body weight of broilers as well as changes in their behavior. Addition of microbial-enzyme preparation leads to a decrease in the occurrence and level of damage to the foot pads in broilers grown on both chopped and unchopped straw. The results have also shown that, under production conditions, using lignin inthe unchopped straw litter it can reduce the damage to the foot pads. The use of mixtures containing a reduced amount of energy with the use of the enzyme leads to prevention in terms of occurrence of foot lesions, without significant impact on performance. Histological analysis of foot pads have showed that the grading system that is based on the affected area of foot pads in accordance with the extent and severity of damage of the skin of foot pads and that it can represent a model for the assessment of standards on the slaughter line. Based on the results of this dissertation it can be concluded that the applied technological procedures can significantly influence the prevention ofdamage to the foot pads, with no negative impact on production results in fattening broilers.
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Marshall-Jones, Zoe Victoria. "Molecular analysis of neisserial pilins". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369116.

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Chitra, R. "M. Radhakrishna Pillai, a study". Madras : Dept. of Indian History, University of Madras, 1989. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/23803848.html.

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Libri sul tema "Pilići"

1

Gyárfás, Ágnes, István Bakk e Erzsébet Bakk. Pilisi Pálos Passió. Miskolc: Bakk Endre Kanonok Alapítvány, 2011.

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Bleys, Olivier. Pilori. Bordeaux: Elytis, 2010.

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Næss, Åshild. Pileni. München: Lincom Europa, 2000.

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Abudulai, H. I. Luntali piligu. Accra: Bureau of Ghana Languages, 1988.

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Sīlis, Ivars. Nabagi pilīs. Rīgā: Nordik, 2006.

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Veerendranath, Yendamuri. Priyurālu pilice. Vijayavāḍa: Navasāhiti Buk Haus, 1991.

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Upitis, Gorijs. Rugtie Pilieni. Riga: Liesma, 1986.

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Alliance, National Steel Bridge. Steel Piling. Chicago, IL: National Steel Bridge Alliance, 1997.

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Changzhou Shi tu shu guan, a cura di. Piling zhi. Chengdu: Sichuan mei shu chu ban she, 2005.

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Čaplinskas, Antanas Rimvydas. Pilies gatvė. Vilnius: Charibdė, 2005.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Pilići"

1

Craig, Lisa, e Tuba Altindal. "Purification of Type IV Pili and Pilin Subunits". In Neisseria gonorrhoeae, 97–110. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9496-0_7.

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"Piling". In Numerical Modelling of Construction Processes in Geotechnical Engineering for Urban Environment. Taylor & Francis, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781439833773.ch6.

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"Piloti". In The Visual Dictionary of Architecture, 201. AVA Publishing SA Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350096462.0187.

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Bonura, Sandra E. "Pilikia". In Light in the Queen's Garden. University of Hawai'i Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21313/hawaii/9780824866440.003.0007.

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The transition from traditional Hawaiian to Western culture was a harsh and abrupt one for pupils, and this chapter presents vivid examples of the dramatic clash of cultures. As stressful as the school environment could be for the students, it was at least equally so for the young teachers, who, like their pupils, had to adapt to an environment for which nothing in their home or college experience had prepared them. Trespassing, burglaries, student rebellion, illness, pagan gods, tragedies, violence, and betrayal were constant sources of anxiety for the teachers.
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"Piling". In Estimating for Building & Civil Engineering Work, 57–71. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780080505947-15.

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"piling". In Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik, 1000. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_161785.

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"piling". In Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik, 1000. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_161786.

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"piling". In Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik, 1000. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_161787.

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"piling". In Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik, 1000. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_161788.

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"piling". In Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik, 1000. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_161789.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Pilići"

1

Henderson, S., e A. Srinivasan. "Filing, Piling". In 2011 44th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hicss.2011.205.

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Srivastava, Harsh, e Anupam Singhal. "Design and Analysis of Optimized Water Distribution Network at BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus". In The 3rd World Congress on Civil, Structural, and Environmental Engineering. Avestia Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.11159/icesdp18.117.

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Likins, Garland, Gina Beim, C. Michael Morgano, George Piscsalko e George Goble. "Construction Control for Augercast Piling". In Geo-Denver 2000. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40511(288)32.

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Jonker, G., e P. Middendorp. "Subsea Installations Using Vibratory Piling Hammers". In Offshore Technology Conference. Offshore Technology Conference, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/5776-ms.

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Elmer, Karl-Heinz. "Effective Mitigation of Underwater Piling Noise". In Geo-Congress 2014. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413265.042.

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Cotsaftis, Michel, e Erno Keskinen. "Optimum Control of Vibratory Piling Process". In 26th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction. International Association for Automation and Robotics in Construction (IAARC), 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.22260/isarc2009/0058.

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Robinson, Stephen P., Peter D. Theobald e Paul A. Lepper. "Underwater noise generated from marine piling". In ECUA 2012 11th European Conference on Underwater Acoustics. Acoustical Society of America, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4790330.

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Heikkilä, Rauno, Teemu Kivimäki e Katja Puolitaival. "Development of Automation for Foundation Engineering - Case Piling Machine and the Working Process of Driven Piling". In 27th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction. International Association for Automation and Robotics in Construction (IAARC), 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.22260/isarc2010/0008.

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Zhang, Yan, Lixin Xu, Chunhua Zhang e Lin Deng. "3D computer simulation of particle piling process". In 2012 2nd International Conference on Computer Science and Network Technology (ICCSNT). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccsnt.2012.6526140.

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Keskinen, Erno, Juha-Matti Kivinen, Juha Miettinen, Michel Cotsaftis, Robert Hildebrand e Yrjö Raunisto. "Dynamics and Monitoring of Vibratory Piling Process". In 20th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction. International Association for Automation and Robotics in Construction (IAARC), 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.22260/isarc2003/0070.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Pilići"

1

St-Onge, M. R., D. Corrigan e D. J. Scott. Geology, Piling Lake, Nunavut. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/212617.

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St-Onge, M. R., D. J. Scott, D. Corrigan e N. Wodicka. Geology, Piling Bay, Baffin Island, Nunavut. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/221093.

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Dredge, L. A. Surficial geology, Piling Lake, Baffin Island, Nunavut. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/214485.

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Callaway, J. W., e A. D. Lee. Evaluation of DOE's Partnership in Low-Income Residential Retrofit (PILIRR) Program. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), maggio 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6198659.

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Scott, D. J., M. R. St-Onge e D. Corrigan. Geology of the Paloproterozoic Piling Group and underlying Archean gneiss, central Baffin Island, Nunavut. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/213194.

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SGC, Servicio Geológico Colombiano. Mapa Geomorfológico aplicado a movimientos en masa escala 1:100.000. Plancha 202 Pilizá. Producto. Bogotá: Servicio Geológico Colombiano, febbraio 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32685/4.7.2015.527.

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Connell-Madore, S., P. Hunt e J. Li. Electrical conductivity mechanism of graphitic shale from the Astarte River formation, Piling Group, Baffin Island, Nunavut. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/215380.

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Connell-Madore, S., J. Li e K. Dexter. Pore-size distribution for graphitic shale samples from the Astarte River formation, Piling Group, Baffin Island, Nunavut. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/215379.

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Crittenden, Scott R. FPR: Are the Pili Produced by Electrogenic Bacteria Bionanowires? Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, ottobre 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada575721.

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Stacey, J. R., e D. R. M. Pattison. Stratigraphy, structure, and petrology of a representative klippe of the Bravo Lake Formation, Piling Group, central Baffin Island, Nunavut. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/214195.

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