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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Plasma spectrometers"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 5 aprile 2025

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Plasma spectrometers"

Labusov, V. A., A. A. Dzyuba, V. G. Garanin, O. V. Pelipasov, I. A. Zarubin, A. V. Borisov, S. S. Boldova et al. "Optical spectrometers Grand: a new tool for measuring mass fractions of analytes". Аналитика и контроль 28, n. 3 (2024): 259–69. https://doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2024.28.3.004.

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In 2023, optical spectrometers Grand were included in the Russian State Register of Measuring Instruments under No. 89108-23 as a tool for measuring the mass fractions of analytes in natural and industrial materials. These spectrometers are manufactured by VMK-Optoelektronika company in ten modifications, nine of which are atomic emission spectrometers and one is an atomic absorption spectrometer: Atomic emission spectrometers a. Grand-Globula, Grand-Kristall, and Grand-Express arc and spark discharge spectrometers for direct (without preliminary chemical preparation) analysis of powder samples and metals; b. Grand-Potok arc discharge spectrometer for rapid analysis of powder samples using the spill-injection method; c. Grand-Expert and Grand-Favorit vacuum argon spark discharge spectrometers for rapid analysis of metals and alloys; d. Grand-MP nitrogen microwave plasma spectrometer and Grand-ICP inductively coupled argon plasma spectrometer for analysis of liquid samples; e. Grand-Pavlin flame emission spectrometer for determination of alkali and alkaline earth elements in solutions. Grand-AAS high-resolution continuum source electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometer for simultaneous multielement determination in liquids. Atomic emission spectrometers have various spectrum excitation sources based on almost all atomization and excitation methods known in atomic emission spectrometry. Grand-AAS atomic absorption spectrometer is the world's first commercial instrument that allows the simultaneous determination of more than 40 elements in a liquid in one electrothermal atomization cycle with analytical performance close to that of modern electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometers for the sequential determination of elements.

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Labusov, V. A., A. V. Behterev e V. G. Garanin. "Spectrometers with MAES analyzers based on new photodetector arrays". Аналитика и контроль 25, n. 4 (2021): 262–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2021.25.4.002.

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Multichannel analyzers of emission spectra (MAES) are operated as part of more than six hundred systems for atomic emission spectral analysis at enterprises in Russia, the CIS countries, and others. Until recently, MAES analyzers used only BLPP-369M1 photodetector arrays, whose performance is sufficient for integral atomic emission spectrometry applications using bright sources of spectral excitation based, for example, on an arc or spark electric discharge. To solve problems where high temporal spatial resolution and high sensitivity are required, high-speed MAES analyzers have been developed based on two new photodetector arrays—BLPP-2000 and BLPP-4000. A number of optical spectrometers based on these arrays have been developed and put into production by the VMK-Optoelektronika company: Atomic emission spectrometers: Grand Globula and Ekspress arc and spark spectrometers for the direct analysis of powders by evaporation from the channel of a graphite electrode and for the analysis of metals; Grand-Potok arc spectrometers for the rapid analysis of powders by the spill-injection method; Grand-Ekspert and Favorit argon-spark vacuum spectrometers for the rapid analysis of metals and alloys; Grand-SVCh microwave-induced nitrogen plasma spectrometers and Grand-ISP inductively-coupled argon plasma spectrometers for the analysis of liquids; Kolibri-SVCh microwave-induced air plasma spectrometers and Pavlin flame atomic emission spectrometers for the determination of alkaline and alkaline earth elements in solutions. Grand-AAS high-resolution continuous-source electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometers for the simultaneous determination of elements in liquids.

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Makarov, V. A., e T. K. Savosteenko. "Determination of phosphorus mass fraction in steels of plasma atomic emission spectrometry". Litiyo i Metallurgiya (FOUNDRY PRODUCTION AND METALLURGY), n. 1 (26 marzo 2021): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1683-6065-2021-1-86-90.

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A method for measuring the mass fraction of phosphorus in steels by atomic emission spectrometry with the inductively coupled plasma (AES-ICP) has been developed. Possibilities of atomic emission spectrometers of iCAP series for determination of phosphorus in steels allowing to reduce considerably duration of the analysis and to increase its profitability in comparison with chemical methods of the analysis are investigated. A method of decomposition of steel for the complete transfer of phosphorus into solution is proposed. The possibility of software spectrometers “iTeva” in the analysis by the method of relative concentrations. Calibration of the spectrometer was carried out on aqueous solutions with a known concentration of phosphorus using the method of relative concentrations. For the preparation of calibration solutions, chemically pure salt was used. The analytical line free from spectral overlays is selected. A good correlation of the calibration graph is obtained. The correctness of the determination is confirmed by the analysis of standard samples and comparison with the results of the determination in accordance with the chemical method. The developed technique is used in determining the mass fraction of phosphorus in steels. Validation of the methodology was carried out. iCAP spectrometers can be used to determine the mass fraction of phosphorus in steels.

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Pelipasov, O. V., R. A. Lokhtin, V. A. Labusov e N. G. Pelevina. "Analytical capabilities of a «Grand» spectrometer in analysis of solutions using inductively coupled plasma". Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials 85, n. 1II) (15 febbraio 2019): 82–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.26896/1028-6861-2019-85-1-ii-82-85.

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It has been shown that «Grand» spectrometers based on a hybrid assembly of BLPP-2000 photodetector arrays produced by «VMK-Optoélektronika» can be used for atomic emission spectral analysis of solutions using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). For the prototype of a «Grand-ICP» spectrometer consisting of «Grand» spectrometer, microwave plasma generator, and RF (radiofrequency) generator, the following analytical characteristics were determined: element detection limit, long-term stability, linear ranges of calibration graphs for several elements, and optimal operating parameters of the microwave generator. The linear concentration range of analyte elements is 105when using a single analytical line of the element. The long-term stability is less than 2% in 6 h without using an internal standard. The detection limits are comparable to those of modern ICP spectrometers with an axial plasma survey and lie in a range of sub-microgram per liter. It has been found that the effect of superposition of the spectral lines of the plasma background, for example, OH molecular lines or others, on the analyte lines can be eliminated by subtracting the blank sample spectrum from the analyte spectrum using Atom software. The analytical characteristics of the spectrometer allow the use of the device both for developing new ICP- based systems and restoring the performance of defective ICP spectrometers.

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Fujita, J., S. Morita e M. Sakurai. "X-ray diagnostics for fusion plasmas". Laser and Particle Beams 7, n. 3 (agosto 1989): 483–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600007448.

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We have developed medium and high resolution X-ray crystal spectrometers for measurements of charge state distributions of impurity ions, density of suprathermal electrons and ion temperature in magnetically confined plasmas. The techniques utilizing these spectrometers are, in principle, applicable to laser produced plasmas, especially in their expanding phase. The role of X-ray spectroscopy to produce useful data for atomic physics as well as for plasma diagnostics is emphasized. A beam-line has been designed and installed to the Ultraviolet Synchrotron Radiation Facility (UVSOR) at IMS, Okazaki, for the purpose of establishing calibration techniques for optical components, detectors and spectrometers in the range from ultraviolet to soft X ray for plasma diagnostics. Characteristics of the beam and its application to the study of interaction between synchrotron radiation and hot dense plasmas are described. Synchrotron radiation can replace the dye laser which has so far been used as a light source in the laser-induced fluorescence method to obtain population density of specified levels in a plasma.

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Pelipasov, O. V., O. V. Komin, V. A. Labusov e V. A. Trunova. "Atomic emission spectrometers with nitrogen microwave plasma Grand-SVCH". Аналитика и контроль 28, n. 4 (2024): 382–93. https://doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2024.28.4.004.

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The emergence of microwave plasma sources with parameters (T, ne) close to those of inductively coupled plasma, along with the possibility of using atmospheric nitrogen (approximately 80% N2 in the atmosphere) as the plasma gas, led to the development of series microwave plasma atomic emission spectrometers. To address the need for import substitution, Russian atomic emission spectrometer Grand-SVCH (No. 89108-23 in the State Register of Measuring Instruments of the Russian Federation) was developed and launched; the purpose of this work is presenting technical features and characteristics of this instrument. A microwave resonator (2.45 GHz) incorporating a dielectric element that enables the formation of toroidal plasma close in size to that of ICP in a standard three-flow vertically installed burner was developed for generating plasma. A spectrometer, based on the Paschen-Runge design, registers the plasma spectrum simultaneously in the 190-780 nm range using BLPP-4000 detectors with a resolution of 8 pm in the 190-350 nm range and 25 pm in the 350-780 nm range. The spectrometer provides axial viewing of the plasma. Grand-SVCH spectrometer matches its foreign counterparts in analytical performance: detection limits (3σ) ≤ 1 µg/L; long-term stability, characterized by the relative standard deviation of analyte signals of less than 3 %; and a linearity range exceeding six orders of magnitude when using multiple lines and measuring the spectrum with two basic exposure times. Additionally, it offers higher speed than Agilent MP-AES 4210 due to simultaneous spectrum registration across the entire spectral range and reduced matrix effects. Grand-SVCH spectrometer was successfully tested by laboratory staff at industrial enterprises in Russia and in scientific institutes of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

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Torrisi, Lorenzo, Giuseppe Costa, Giovanni Ceccio, Antonino Cannavò, Nancy Restuccia e Mariapompea Cutroneo. "Magnetic and electric deflector spectrometers for ion emission analysis from laser generated plasma". EPJ Web of Conferences 167 (2018): 03011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201816703011.

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The pulsed laser-generated plasma in vacuum and at low and high intensities can be characterized using different physical diagnostics. The charge particles emission can be characterized using magnetic, electric and magnet-electrical spectrometers. Such on-line techniques are often based on time-of-flight (TOF) measurements. A 90° electric deflection system is employed as ion energy analyzer (IEA) acting as a filter of the mass-to-charge ratio of emitted ions towards a secondary electron multiplier. It determines the ion energy and charge state distributions. The measure of the ion and electron currents as a function of the mass-to-charge ratio can be also determined by a magnetic deflector spectrometer, using a magnetic field of the order of 0.35 T, orthogonal to the ion incident direction, and an array of little ion collectors (IC) at different angles. A Thomson parabola spectrometer, employing gaf-chromix as detector, permits to be employed for ion mass, energy and charge state recognition. Mass quadrupole spectrometry, based on radiofrequency electric field oscillations, can be employed to characterize the plasma ion emission. Measurements performed on plasma produced by different lasers, irradiation conditions and targets are presented and discussed. Complementary measurements, based on mass and optical spectroscopy, semiconductor detectors, fast CCD camera and Langmuir probes are also employed for the full plasma characterization. Simulation programs, such as SRIM, SREM, and COMSOL are employed for the charge particle recognition.

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Mustafaev, Aleksandr S., Anna N. Popova e Vladimir S. Sukhomlinov. "A New Technique of Eliminating the Actual Plasma Background When Calibrating Emission Spectrometers with a CCD Recording System". Applied Sciences 12, n. 6 (11 marzo 2022): 2896. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12062896.

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This research focuses on the development of a new technique of emission spectral analysis designed to accurately account for the background radiation. The technique enables the evaluation of background radiation while being unaffected by its spectral shape. This is possible through the use of standard data obtained in an analytical-line-recording process performed by light-intensity-to-electric-signal converters such as CCDs, PMTs, photodiodes, etc. This technique, when applied at a set RMS deviation of the analytical-line-radiation intensity, reduces the random error of a determined low impure-element concentration due to the optimal calibration-line slope. In areas of high concentrations, an accurate accounting of the background does little to affect the emission spectrometer’s measurement accuracy. This technique also allows the replication of calibration curves in spectrometers of the same type by a linear-intensity conversion with only two standard samples required. The technique was tested on SPAS-02 and SPAS-05 commercial spark spectrometers. The testing fully confirmed the aforementioned advantages of the developed technique. The authors also determined the applicability conditions of the conventional emission-spectrometer-recalibration method by a linear conversion of the analytical-line intensity.

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Ingham, Mark N., e Bruno A. R. Vrebos. "High Productivity Geochemical XRF Analysis". Advances in X-ray Analysis 37 (1993): 717–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/s0376030800016281.

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XRF has become over the years a method of choice when dealing with elemental analysis of large quantities of samples. Geochemical analysis pushes the technique to its limits because of the large number of samples to be analysed as well as the lower limits of detection required for many trace elements of geochemical and economic importance. The Analytical Geochemistry Group at the British Geological Survey (BGS) has access to a wide variety of methods for instrumental analysis. Instrumental methods for inorganic analysis include x-ray fluorescence as well as DC arc emission spectrometry, atomic absorption spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). X-ray fluorescence, however, is the technique of choice when it comes to the routine analysis of large numbers of solid samples. The XRF section at BGS currently runs three sequential spectrometers (one PW1480 and two PW2400s made by Philips Analytical X-Ray). In this paper, some aspects of the method of sample preparation and the calibration of the spectrometers for the analysis of the trace elements are discussed.

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Stakheev, A. A., e T. P. Stolboushkina. "Metal analysis in rice flour". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2192, n. 1 (1 marzo 2022): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2192/1/012027.

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Abstract The principal goal of present work was to develop a precise method of Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) method to measure trace toxic elements (Cd and Pb) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) method to measure macro and micro elements (K and Cu respectively) in rice flour, the sample preparation method using a system for microwave-assisted pressure digestion and the preparation of laboratory plasticware. The parameters of the sample preparation method, of the spectrometers and measurement results are given.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Plasma spectrometers"

RIGAMONTI, DAVIDE. "Development of neutron and gamma-ray spectrometers for fusion plasma applications". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/198982.

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I neutroni e i raggi gamma emessi da plasmi di fusione termonucleare possono essere rivelati e fornire informazioni sullo stato del plasma e sugli ioni veloci. L’alto flusso neutronico e gamma previsto al JET per plasmi DT, insieme alla necessità di misure con risoluzione temporale di 10-100 ms, richiedono l’utilizzo di spettrometri in grado di operare a tassi di conteggio nel range del MHz. Inoltre, il bisogno di misure ad alta risoluzione energetica pone ulteriori vincoli sulle prestazioni dei rivelatori. Questa tesi si è incentrata sullo sviluppo, la caratterizzazione e l’implementazione di nuovi rivelatori compatti ad alta risoluzione per la spettroscopia di neutroni e raggi gamma in grado di operare ad alti tassi di conteggio. All’interno di un progetto europeo finalizzato all’aggiornamento della gamma camera (GC) del JET, è stato sviluppato un prototipo di spettrometro gamma compatto basato su uno scintillatore LaBr3 accoppiato a un Silicon PhotoMultiplier (SiPM). Lo spettrometro offre una buona risoluzione energetica del 5% a 662 keV che migliora a energie più alte permettendo misure accurate nel range 2-6 MeV. Il rivelatore implementa un circuito di formatura del segnale dedicato in grado di accorciare la durata temporale del segnale in uscita dal SiPM. Ciò permette di minimizzare la presenza di eventi di pile-up consentendo il funzionamento a tassi di conteggio superiori a 1 MCounts/s, come dimostrato presso l’acceleratore di Legnaro fino a 3 MCounts/s. I 19 rivelatori sono stati calibrati e installati nella GC del JET nel corso del 2017. L’avanzata risoluzione energetica della GC permetterà di evitare artefatti nella ricostruzione del profilo degli ioni veloci, mentre l’alta capacità di conteggio permetterà per la prima volta di monitorare i cambiamenti del profilo ionico in tempi comparabili al loro tempo caratteristico di rallentamento. Per quanto riguarda la spettroscopia neutronica, una matrice di 12 diamanti monocristallini è stata installata al JET permettendo misure simultanee di neutroni da 2.5 MeV e 14 MeV. La risposta dei diamanti ai neutroni dipende dalla loro energia. Per neutroni da 2.5 MeV, la risposta è dominata dallo scattering elastico e anelastico mentre per neutroni da 14 MeV si aprono diversi canali di reazione, che permettono misure di spettroscopia ad alta risoluzione. La funzione di risposta della matrice è stata misurata per neutroni monoenergetici presso acceleratori nucleari a diverse energie. La validazione della matrice con neutroni da 2.5 MeV è stata eseguita confrontando i dati misurati dallo spettrometro di riferimento al JET, cioè il TOFOR. I risultati hanno evidenziato il corretto funzionamento della matrice e una moderata risoluzione energetica per plasmi di D. Le eccellenti capacità spettroscopiche dei diamanti per neutroni da 14 MeV, sono state investigate durante la caratterizzazione di un generatore di neutroni DT. I neutroni sono prodotti attraverso reazioni DT che avvengono tra il fascio di ioni misti Dx+ /Tx+ /DT+ (x=1,2) accelerati verso il bersaglio di D e T. I diamanti hanno permesso di risolvere le complesse strutture dello spettro di energia dei neutroni risultanti dalle diverse specie presenti nel fascio. Questo risultato apre nuove prospettive per la diagnostica di plasmi DT su JET e ITER. L’analisi del picco 12C(n,α)9Be del diamante, infatti, permette di identificare accuratamente le componenti sovratermiche in plasmi DT e di studiare fenomeni non classici nel rallentamento degli ioni di fascio. I risultati presentati rappresentano un avanzamento nello sviluppo di spettrometri di neutroni e raggi gamma per la diagnostica di plasmi da fusione, che combinano la capacità di operare a tassi di conteggio del MHz con la buona risoluzione energetica. I rivelatori sviluppati offrono dimensioni estremamente compatte, ideali per l’integrazione in camere con linee di vista multiple sui futuri reattori a fusione come ITER e DEMO.
Neutrons and gamma-rays emitted by thermonuclear fusion plasmas can be detected providing information on fuel and fast ions. The high neutron and gamma-ray fluxes expected at JET in DT plasmas, together with the need to provide time resolution in the range of 10-100 ms, translates into the need of spectrometers capable to operate at counting rates in the MHz range. Moreover, measurements with high energy resolution are necessary to infer detailed information on fast and fuel ions. These pose very challenging requirements on the needed detector performances. This thesis is focused on the development, characterization and implementation of new compact gamma-ray and neutron spectrometers which combine high counting rate capabilities and high energy resolutions. A prototype compact gamma-ray spectrometer has been developed within a European project which is upgrading the JET gamma ray camera (GC) detectors. The prototype detector is based on a LaBr3 scintillator crystal coupled to a Silicon PhotoMultiplier (SiPM). The developed prototype spectrometer features an energy resolution of 5% at 662 keV, which improves for higher energies and provides accurate measurements in the energy range up to a few MeVs. A suitable shaping circuit of the SiPM signal has been implemented to minimize the presence of piled up events allowing operation at counting rates in excess of 1 MCounts/s, as demonstrated with record values 3 MCounts/s at an accelerator. The 19 new detectors have been successfully calibrated and installed during 2017 in the JET GC. The enhanced energy resolution of GC will allow avoiding artifacts in the reconstructed fast ions profile, while the improved time resolution will open the possibility to track for the first time the fast ions profile changes during their slowing down times. In the neutron spectroscopy field, a 12-pixels single crystal diamond matrix has been installed on a vertical line of sight of JET allowing simultaneous measurements of 2.5 MeV and 14 MeV neutrons. The response of diamond neutron spectrometers to 2.5 and 14 MeV neutrons is very different, namely it is dominated by elastic and inelastic scattering for 2.5 MeV neutrons while for 14 MeV neutrons several nuclear reaction channels open up, offering the possibility to perform high resolution spectroscopy. The diamond matrix response function has been measured at nuclear accelerators for incoming different monoenergetic neutron energies. The data validation of the diamond matrix with 2.5 MeV neutrons has been performed by comparing with data taken by the reference 2.5 MeV neutron spectrometer at JET, namely TOFOR. The results indicated that the spectrometer works well and can provide a moderated energy resolution in D plasmas. The excellent spectroscopic capabilities for 14 MeV neutrons, instead, has been explored during the characterization of a 14 MeV DT neutron generator. Neutrons were produced by DT reactions occurring by accelerating a mixed beam of Dx+ /Tx+ /DT+ beam (x=1,2) onto a titanium target containing T/D. Diamond detectors allowed resolving for the first time the complex features of the neutron energy spectra resulting from the simultaneous presence of D+ , T+ , D2+ , T2+ , DT+ species present in the beam. These results open up to new prospects for diagnosing DT plasmas on JET and ITER. The analysis of the diamond 12C(n,α)9Be peak, in fact, will allow accurately identifying supra-thermal components in DT plasma operations and studying non classical phenomena on the beam slowing down. The results presented in this thesis represent a step forward in the development of neutron and gamma-ray spectrometers for fusion plasma diagnostics which combine the MHz counting rate capability with the enhanced energy resolution. The developed instruments feature compact size and are therefore suitable for integration in a multi line of sight camera on the next step burning plasma fusion devices such as ITER and DEMO.

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Russell, Benjamin C. "Expanding the radioanalysts toolbox : using the latest generation plasma mass spectrometers for nuclear waste characterisation". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2014. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/374832/.

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This project investigates the application of sector field inductively coupled mass spectrometry (ICP-SFMS) in low-level radionuclide detection in environmental samples and low-level nuclear waste. The aim was to develop robust and sensitive procedures for measuring medium-long lived emitters of interest to various Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA) sites. ICP-SFMS has been investigated for the measurement of the significant fission product radionuclides of caesium (135Cs and 137Cs) and strontium (90Sr). In the case of some shorter-lived radionuclides such as 90Sr, ICP-SFMS can achieve sensitivities that rival existing radiometric techniques, whilst offering a significant improvement in the speed of analysis. Additionally, long-lived low abundance radionuclides such as 135Cs are not detectable using radiometric techniques, but can be quantified by ICP-SFMS, which is important given their major contribution to the long-term radiological risk associated with deep geological disposal. Measurement of 135Cs also enables measurement of the 135Cs/137Cs ratio, which varies with the source of nuclear contamination, and therefore can provide a powerful forensic tool compared to radiometric 137Cs detection alone. ICP-SFMS has been proven to achieve high sensitivities that will enable low-level radionuclide detection. In order to reach these sensitivities, it is critical to ensure removal of interfering elements that otherwise significantly impact the accuracy of measured values. This led to the development of novel and efficient chemical separation procedures that achieve both a high analyte recovery, and effective decontamination of interferences, which have been proven to be effective for a range of sample matrices including seawater and sediments. The combination of imaginative sample preparation procedures and use of new generation ICP-SFMS offer a streamlining of the process that will contribute to faster more sensitive assessment and clean-up of nuclear sites. This will lead to a reduction in analytical timescales and reduce the demand on existing analytical facilities, benefitting site operators and the NDA.

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GRIGOLETTO, TANIA. "Dissolucão eletrolítica de ligas de alumínio em cavacos e determinação dos elementos constituintes por espectrometria de emissão atômica com fonte de plasma (ICP-OES)". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2001. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11641.

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Tese (Doutoramento)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Quimica, Universidade de Sao Paulo - IQ/USP

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Hénaff, Gwendal. "Modeling, development, and test of a 3D-printed plasma camera for in-situ measurements in space". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IPPAX139.

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Les principaux phénomènes régissant la dynamique des plasmas spatiaux, que ce soit l'accélération des particules chargées, la reconnection magnétique ou la dissipation turbulente de l'énergie électromagnétique, sont de nature multi-échelle. Afin de comprendre leur rôle dans le fonctionnement du système Soleil-Terre, que ce soit dans le vent solaire, à la magnétopause ou dans la magnétosphère terrestre, il est indispensable de développer une instrumentation à la fois compacte et performante qui permette le déploiement de constellations de satellites. Cependant, les instruments de référence utilisés pour mesurer la distribution en énergie des particules chargées ont un champ de vue limité. L'ajout de systèmes de déflection électrostatique contourne cette limitation avec l'inconvénient d'alourdir ces instruments, de ralentir leur cadence de mesure et finalement de réduire leur performance. La multiplication des capteurs est alors nécessaire pour recouvrir les performances souhaitées, avec un impact sur le dimensionnement des satellites et finalement sur le nombre de satellites pouvant être déployés. La caractérisation des flux de particules chargées pour l'étude de la météorologie de l'espace souffre des mêmes limitations, celle-ci étant réalisée avec des instruments compacts et au champ de vue limité.La première étape de ce projet de recherche a consisté à développer une méthode de conception d'une nouvelle gamme de spectromètres plasmas qui dépassent ces limitations. Les spectromètres étudiés reposent sur une topologie torique innovante, offrant un champ de vue hémisphérique instantané qui évite l'utilisation de déflecteurs électrostatiques. Leur système de détection planaire font d'eux de véritables caméras plasmas. Les méthodes développées ont permis la génération numérique et la caractérisation par simulation d'un large éventail de caméras plasmas avec différentes résolutions angulaires et qui pourraient répondre à ces besoins scientifiques variés.Un modèle d'instrument répondant aux enjeux de météorologie de l'espace à ensuite été conçu avec une gamme en énergie allant jusqu'à 22 keV. Il possède une capacité duale de détection ions/électrons qui évite l'utilisation de capteurs différents pour la mesure des électrons et pour celle des ions. Destiné à être embarqué sur nanosatellite, il présente une masse de 1,8 kg et un diamètre de 19 cm. Un procédé de fabrication par impression 3D, et de fonctionnalisation du matériau imprimé a été défini et mis en œuvre. Un système de conversion ions/électrons utilisant des feuilles de carbone et permettant l'utilisation duale de cette caméra plasma a également été mis au point. Un instrument intégrant l'optique électrostatique et un système de détection dual simplifié a ensuite été testé sous faisceau d'électrons afin d'obtenir des réponses expérimentales précises en énergie et en angle. Les tests sous faisceau ont montré un comportement très proche de la simulation, renforçant ainsi la confiance dans la modélisation numérique. Le fonctionnement du système de conversion a été testé sous faisceau d'électrons et d'ions. L'une des perspectives à court terme de cette thèse est le développement, avec le soutien du CNES, d'un modèle complet de cette caméra plasma afin de rendre possible la démonstration en vol de cet instrument dédié à la météorologie de l'espace
Key phenomena governing the dynamics of space plasmas - including charged particle acceleration, magnetic reconnection and the turbulent dissipation of electromagnetic energy - are multi-scale in nature. In order to understand their role in the Sun-Earth relationship, whether in the solar wind, at the magnetopause or in the Earth's magnetosphere, it is essential to develop instrumentation that is both compact and high-performance, enabling the deployment of satellite constellations. However, the reference instruments used to measure the energy distribution of charged particles have a limited field of view. Adding electrostatic deflection systems circumvents this limitation, with the disadvantage of making these instruments heavier, slowing down their measurement rate, and therefore reducing their performance. In this case, more sensors are needed to achieve the desired performance, impacting satellite size and, ultimately, the number of satellites that can be deployed. The characterization of charged particle fluxes for studying space weather, conducted using compact instruments with a limited field of view, faces the same limitations.The first step in this research project was to develop a method for designing a new range of plasma spectrometers that overcome these limitations. These spectrometers are based on an innovative toroidal topology, offering an instantaneous hemispherical field of view that eliminates the need for electrostatic deflectors. Their planar detection system makes them true plasma cameras. The methods developed have enabled the numerical generation and characterization by simulating a wide range of plasma cameras with different angular resolutions that could meet these various scientific needs.A model instrument was then designed to meet the challenges of space weather applications, with an energy range of up to 22 keV. It features dual ion/electron detection capability, avoiding the need for separate sensors for electron and ion measurements. Intended for nanosatellites, it has a mass of 1.8 kg and a diameter of 19 cm. A 3D-printing manufacturing process and functionalization of the material have been defined and implemented. An ion/electron conversion system using carbon foils, enabling dual use of this plasma camera, has also been developed. An instrument integrating the electrostatic optics and a simplified dual detection system has been tested under an electron beam to obtain precise experimental responses in terms of energy and angle. The beam tests showed behavior very close to the simulation, reinforcing confidence in the numerical modeling. The principle of the conversion system was tested under electron and ion beams. One of the short-term prospects of this thesis is the development, with the support of CNES, of a complete model of this plasma camera, with the aim to demonstrate in orbit the performances of this instrument dedicated to space weather applications

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KOMATSU, LUIZ G. H. "Estudo comparativo de nanocompósitos de polipropileno modificado sob condições de envelhecimento ambiental e acelerado". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2016. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/26380.

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Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

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SHIBUYA, ELISA K. "Acoplamento laser - espectrometro de massa de dupla focalizacao com fonte de plasma induzido (LA-HR-ICPMS): estudos fundamentais e analises quantitativa em amostras solidas". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 1999. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9279.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Dissertacao (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
FAPESP:97/09917-0

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Moser, Matthew A. "Micro-and pulsed-plasmas fine tuning plasma energies for chemical analysis /". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2002. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2534.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2002.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 99 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.

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Pan, Changkang. "Characterization of solvent-plasma interactions for inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/30536.

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Bora, Selin. "Boron Determination In Body Fluids By Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry And Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry". Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12611499/index.pdf.

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Boron element plays an important role for our country since approximately 70% of the world&rsquo
s reserves are in Turkey. It is widely used in different areas of industry. Besides being vital for the plants, it is important also for human health. It has been shown that high boron exposure does not affect fertility negatively and also with an increasing boron exposure, risk of prostate and cervical cancers decreases. There are different opinions regarding health effects of boron. There are both positive and negative findings. Therefore, determination of boron in body fluids such as urine and blood is necessary to monitor exposed concentration level and its relation with diseases. Furthermore, these studies may contribute to define a reference value for safe maximum daily boron intake. In this study, a method previously developed by our research group was applied for the determination of boron in urine samples. Urine and blood samples were collected from human subjects living or working in different regions of Balikesir where boron reserves are located. While urine analysis was done by using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES), due to lower concentrations of boron in blood, Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used for blood analysis. A sensitive method was developed using ICP-MS. Samples were digested in microwave oven by applying optimized digestion procedures. Indium (In) and Beryllium (Be) internal standards were spiked into the urine and blood samples, respectively. A sample introduction system containing no glass or silica surfaces was used in ICP-MS to eliminate boron memory effect. Two isotopes of the boron, 10B and 11B, were monitored during the study. Space charge effect due to Na+ ion and carbon interference on B and Be signals was investigated in detail. Limit of Detection was 0.021 mg/L for ICP-OES and it was 2.2 µ
g/L for ICP-MS. The accuracies of the methods were checked by using NIST 1573a Tomato Leaves and BCR Human Hair certified reference materials for urine and blood, respectively.

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Hartley, James Henry Dean. "Sample introduction and instrumentation in plasma spectrometry". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1882.

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Libri sul tema "Plasma spectrometers"

K, Peterson W., Collin H. L e United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., a cura di. Dynamics Explorer 1, energetic ion composition spectrometer (EICS). Palo Alto, Calif: Lockheed Palo Alto Research Laboratory, Space Sciences Laboratory, 1994.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., a cura di. Final technical report for the AFE ION mass spectrometer design study: LaRC cooperative agreement #NCC1-119 : period of performance, June 1, 1987 through March 31, 1989. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1989.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., a cura di. SPDE, Solar Plasma Diagnostic Experiment: Final contract report, period of performance 1 November, 1993 through 30 September, 1995. [Washington, D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1995.

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Holland, Grenville, e Dmitry R. Bandura, a cura di. Plasma Source Mass Spectrometry. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781847552419.

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Holland, J. Grenville, e Scott D. Tanner, a cura di. Plasma Source Mass Spectrometry. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781847551689.

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Tanner, Scott D., e Grenville Holland, a cura di. Plasma Source Mass Spectrometry. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781847551696.

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1946-, Montaser Akbar, a cura di. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. New York: J. Wiley, 1998.

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1946-, Montaser Akbar, a cura di. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. New York: Wiley-VCH, 1998.

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Edward, Reszke, a cura di. Microwave induced plasma analytical spectrometry. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2010.

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1946-, Montaser Akbar, e Golightly D. W, a cura di. Inductively coupled plasmas in analytical atomic spectrometry. New York, NY: VCH Publishers, 1987.

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Batey, Jonathan H., Thomas Prohaska, M. S. A. Horstwood, G. M. Nowell, Heidi Goenaga-Infante e Gregory C. Eiden. "Mass Spectrometers". In Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Handbook, 26–116. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444305463.ch2.

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Neugebauer, Marcia. "Ion Spectrometers for Studying the Interacfion of the Solar Wind with Non-Magnetic Bodies". In Solar System Plasma Physics, 389–97. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gm054p0389.

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Kleinknecht, Konrad, e Ulrich Uwer. "Symmetry Violations and Quark Flavour Physics". In Particle Physics Reference Library, 519–623. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38207-0_9.

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AbstractOne of the surprising facts in our present understanding of the development of the Universe is the complete absence of “primordial” antimatter from the Big Bang about 13.7 billion years ago. The detection of charged cosmic-ray particles by magnetic spectrometers borne by balloons, satellites, and the space shuttle has shown no evidence for such primordial (high-energy) antibaryons; nor has the search for gamma rays from antimatter–matter annihilation yielded any such observation. In the early phases of the expanding Universe, a hot (1032 K) and dense plasma of quarks, antiquarks, leptons, antileptons and photons coexisted in equilibrium. This plasma expanded and cooled down, and matter and antimatter could recombine and annihilate into photons. If all interactions were symmetric with respect to matter and antimatter, and if baryon and lepton numbers were conserved, then all particles would finally convert to photons, and the expansion of the Universe would shift the wavelength of these photons to the far infrared region.

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Young, D. T., B. L. Barraclough, J. J. Berthelier, M. Blanc, J. L. Burch, A. J. Coates, R. Goldstein et al. "Cassini Plasma Spectrometer Investigation". In Measurement Techniques in Space Plasmas: Particles, 237–42. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gm102p0237.

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Young, D. T., J. J. Berthelier, M. Blanc, J. L. Burch, A. J. Coates, R. Goldstein, M. Grande et al. "Cassini Plasma Spectrometer Investigation". In The Cassini-Huygens Mission, 1–112. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2774-1_1.

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Broekaert, José Alfons Clement. "Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometry". In Handbook of Spectroscopy, 583–646. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527654703.ch16.

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Chen, Francis F., e Jane P. Chang. "Mass Spectrometry". In Lecture Notes on Principles of Plasma Processing, 164–66. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0181-7_32.

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Perrin, J. "Mass Spectrometry of Reactive Plasmas". In Plasma Processing of Semiconductors, 397–431. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5884-8_21.

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Soltanpour, Parviz N., Greg W. Johnson, Stephen M. Workman, J. Benton Jones e Robert O. Miller. "Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometry and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry". In SSSA Book Series, 91–139. Madison, WI, USA: Soil Science Society of America, American Society of Agronomy, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssabookser5.3.c5.

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Al-Dousari, Ali, Fatin Al-Mutawaa, Hanan Al-Mansour e Badreya Mandekar. "Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP)". In Atlas of Fallen Dust in Kuwait, 121–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66977-5_5.

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Abstract The crushed powder from defined dust particlesize fractions was analyzed using inductively coupled spectrometry plasma (ICP) for major and trace elements. The ICP was used for the determination of concentrations of trace elements and six major elements: (Al, Fe, Mg, Ca, Na, and K) and five minor elements (Ba, Cr, V, Ti, and Pb). They are quoted in part per million (ppm). Maps showing high and low concentrations of ICPamong Kuwait.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Plasma spectrometers"

Kitagawa, Kuniyuki, Shigeaki Morita, Kenji Kodama e Kozo Matsumoto. "Spectroscopic Monitoring of Energy Systems (Calvin W. Rice Lecture)". In ASME 2009 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2009-81047.

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A review is presented for monitoring of chemical species in flames and plasmas used for energy systems. The monitoring systems studied in our group include the followings. 1. Developments and applications of planar laser induced fluorescence spectrometry (PLIF) using isotope effect and laser-induced plasma spectrometry (LIPS) for two-dimensional combustion analyses. 2. Development of direct measurements of chemical species during combustion by coupling flames and mass spectrometers. 3. Development of in-situ monitoring of polymer electrolyte fuel cells by near infrared spectrometry (NIR).

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Pustovoit, V. I. "Acousto-optical spectrometers". In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1990.tuxx1.

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We describe an acousto-optical spectrometer consisting of a Bragg cell made of singlecrystal quartz. Spectral range of 420-780 nm and resolution of 0.2 nm is achieved. Applications in the monitoring of plasma-assisted material treatment are described.

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Sadiek, Ibrahim, Norbert Lang, Adam J. Fleisher e Jean-Pierre H. van Helden. "Recent Advances in Plasma Diagnostics Using Mid-Infrared Optical Frequency Comb Spectroscopy". In Applied Industrial Spectroscopy. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ais.2023.jw2a.26.

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We present our recent progress in plasma diagnostics using two mid-infrared comb-based spectrometers: (I) Fourier transform spectroscopy and (II) virtually imaged phased array spectroscopy. The high-resolution spectra of molecules generated in N2-H2-CH4 plasmas are measured.

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Wieser, M., S. Barabash, M. Emanuelsson, K. Brinkfeldt, P. Enoksson, Masfumi Hirahara, Yoshizumi Miyoshi, Naoki Terada, Toshifumi Mukai e Iku Shinohara. "Micromechanical shutter based mass spectrometers". In FUTURE PERSPECTIVES OF SPACE PLASMA AND PARTICLE INSTRUMENTATION AND INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIONS: Proceedings of the International Conference. AIP, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3169274.

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Seely, John, Uri Feldman, Bruce Weber e Joseph Schumer. "Hard x-ray spectral energy distributions from pulsed power generators measured by transmission crystal spectrometers". In 2014 IEEE 41st International Conference on Plasma Sciences (ICOPS) held with 2014 IEEE International Conference on High-Power Particle Beams (BEAMS). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.2014.7012464.

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Lake, P. W., J. E. Bailey, Dan Nielsen, G. A. Rochau, P. Gard, D. Petmecky, Mike Bump et al. "Time and Space Resolved Multi View X-Ray Spectroscopy at Z using Elliptical Crystal Spectrometers". In IEEE Conference Record - Abstracts. 2005 IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.2005.359158.

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Xu, Zhi-Zhan, P. H. Y. Lee, L. H. Lin, W. Q. Zhang, Y. Z. Zhang e Z. M. Jiang. "Interactions of line-focused laser light with plasmas". In International Laser Science Conference. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ils.1986.wg6.

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Plasmas have been experimentally diagnosed produced by line-focused laser light (1064 nm, 1-20 J, 250 ps; and 0.1 x 3.5-mm focal line) irradiated planar and thin cylindrical targets. In the experiments the principal plasma diagnostics included microphotographic diagnoses of fundamental and harmonic emissions, picosecond interferometry, and shadow photography using a stimulated Raman backscattering probe beam, Faraday cups, space-resolved and space-integrated x-ray crystal spectrometers, and x-ray pinhole cameras, etc. The experimental results indicate that the space anisotropy of the ion emission from line-focused laser-produced plasma is more noticeable than that from generally spot-focused laser-produced plasma. The ion peak due to the ions accelerated by the resonantly driven electrostatic field also is more obvious. For high Z (such as Au) targets, we have observed for the first time line-focused laser beam filamentation in plasmas. The plasma jetlike structures have also been seen using optical probing techniques. In addition, the x-ray line spectra emitted from line-focused laser plasmas also display the characteristics of the spectral lines being remarkably broadened due to the large source size.

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Lietz, Amanda, Matthew Hopkins, Benjamin Yee, Harry Moffat, Dora Wiemann, Taylor Settecerri e Michael Omana. "Ionization Mechanisms in a Laser-Produced Plasma for Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometers." In Proposed for presentation at the Gaseous Electronics Conference held October 5-9, 2020 in virtual. US DOE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1825975.

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Lietz, Amanda, Matthew Hopkins, Benjamin Yee, Jeffrey Musk, Harry Moffat, Dora Wiemann, Taylor Settecerri, David Fergenson e Michael Omana. "Laser-Produced Aluminum Plasmas Expanding in an Applied Electric Field: Plasma Generation in Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometers." In Proposed for presentation at the Gaseous Electronics Conference held October 4-8, 2021 in ,. US DOE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1891244.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Plasma spectrometers"

Kim, Kyoung. Plasma Spectrometers Flown to Planetary Magnetospheres. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), ottobre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1890955.

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Russ, G. P. III, e G. F. Hunt. Operation of inductively coupled plasma source mass spectrometers in the peak jumping mode. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), marzo 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6515283.

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Mosolf, J. G., e A. Kylander-Clark. U-Pb geochronology data from rock samples collected in the Dillon and Wisdom 30' x 60' quadrangles, western Montana, 2021-2022. Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology, ottobre 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59691/cbjj3933.

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Mosolf, J. G., e Kylander-Clark A. U-Pb geochronology data from rock samples collected in the Dillon, Hamilton, Philipsburg, Townsend, and Wisdom 30' x 60' quadrangles, western Montana, 2020-2021. Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology, ottobre 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59691/fiis4856.

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This file provides U-Pb zircon laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) geochronology data for igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rock samples collected in western Montana.

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Mosolf, J. G., D. T. Brennan e A. Kylander-Clark. LA-ICPMS U-Pb geochronology data from rock samples collected in the Dillon, Ennis, Gardiner, Hamilton, Hebgen Lake, and Wisdom 30' x 60' quadrangles, western Montana, 2022-2023. Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology, ottobre 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.59691/zqri9918.

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This file provides U-Pb zircon laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) geochronology data from igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rock samples collected in western Montana.

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MARTÍNEZ LEAL, LAURA DE LA CRUZ, e Carlos Romá Mateo. Preliminary proteomics analysis of the potential use of HMGB1 as sepsis biomarker. Fundación Avanza, maggio 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.60096/fundacionavanza/2312022.

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With this study, we evaluate the first steps into the development of a new possible biomarker for sepsis disease consisting in detection of HGMB1 protein in plasma, using mass spectrometry (MRM-MS), that could improve sepsis clinical management.

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Hester, M. Gas plasma analysis using an emission spectrometer. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), gennaio 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5137451.

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Hieftje, Gary M., e George H. Vickers. Developments in Plasma-Source Mass Spectrometry. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, luglio 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada197732.

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Gallimore, David L. Analytical Capability of Plasma Spectrometry Team. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), luglio 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1047075.

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Furuta, Naoki, Curtis A. Monnig, Pengyuan Yang e Gary M. Hieftje. Noise Characteristics of an Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, febbraio 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada205686.

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