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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Primary human articular cells"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 14 marzo 2023

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Primary human articular cells"

Li, Zhong Alan, Jiangyinzi Shang, Shiqi Xiang, Eileen N. Li, Haruyo Yagi, Kanyakorn Riewruja, Hang Lin e Rocky S. Tuan. "Articular Tissue-Mimicking Organoids Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells". Organoids 1, n. 2 (14 novembre 2022): 135–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/organoids1020011.

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Organoids offer a promising strategy for articular tissue regeneration, joint disease modeling, and development of precision medicine. In this study, two types of human stem cells—primary mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)—were employed to engineer organoids that mimicked bone, cartilage and adipose tissue, three key tissue components in articular joints. Prior to organoidogenesis, the iPSCs were first induced into mesenchymal progenitor cells (iMPCs). After characterizing the MSCs and iMPCs, they were used to generate cell-embedded extracellular matrix (ECM) constructs, which then underwent self-aggregation and lineage-specific differentiation in different induction media. Hydroxyapatite nanorods, an osteoinductive bioceramic, were leveraged to generate bone and osteochondral organoids, which effectively enhanced mineralization. The phenotypes of the generated organoids were confirmed on the basis of gene expression profiling and histology. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility and potential of generating articular tissue-recapitulating organoids from MSCs and iPSCs.

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Sabatino, Maria Antonietta, Rosaria Santoro, Sinan Gueven, Claude Jaquiery, David James Wendt, Ivan Martin, Matteo Moretti e Andrea Barbero. "Cartilage graft engineering by co-culturing primary human articular chondrocytes with human bone marrow stromal cells". Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine 9, n. 12 (6 dicembre 2012): 1394–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/term.1661.

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Piñeiro-Ramil, María, Clara Sanjurjo-Rodríguez, Silvia Rodríguez-Fernández, Tamara Hermida-Gómez, Francisco J. Blanco-García, Isaac Fuentes-Boquete, Carlos Vaamonde-García e Silvia Díaz-Prado. "Generation of human immortalized chondrocytes from osteoarthritic and healthy cartilage". Bone & Joint Research 12, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2023): 46–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/2046-3758.121.bjr-2022-0207.r1.

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Aims After a few passages of in vitro culture, primary human articular chondrocytes undergo senescence and loss of their phenotype. Most of the available chondrocyte cell lines have been obtained from cartilage tissues different from diarthrodial joints, and their utility for osteoarthritis (OA) research is reduced. Thus, the goal of this research was the development of immortalized chondrocyte cell lines proceeded from the articular cartilage of patients with and without OA. Methods Using telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and SV40 large T antigen (SV40LT), we transduced primary OA articular chondrocytes. Proliferative capacity, degree of senescence, and chondrocyte surface antigen expression in transduced chondrocytes were evaluated. In addition, the capacity of transduced chondrocytes to synthesize a tissue similar to cartilage and to respond to interleukin (IL)-1β was assessed. Results Coexpression of both transgenes (SV40 and hTERT) were observed in the nuclei of transduced chondrocytes. Generated chondrocyte cell lines showed a high proliferation capacity and less than 2% of senescent cells. These cell lines were able to form 3D aggregates analogous to those generated by primary articular chondrocytes, but were unsuccessful in synthesizing cartilage-like tissue when seeded on type I collagen sponges. However, generated chondrocyte cell lines maintained the potential to respond to IL-1β stimulation. Conclusion Through SV40LT and hTERT transduction, we successfully immortalized chondrocytes. These immortalized chondrocytes were able to overcome senescence in vitro, but were incapable of synthesizing cartilage-like tissue under the experimental conditions. Nonetheless, these chondrocyte cell lines could be advantageous for OA investigation since, similarly to primary articular chondrocytes, they showed capacity to upregulate inflammatory mediators in response to the IL-1β cytokine. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2023;12(1):46–57.

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Tallheden, Tommi, Josefine Van Der Lee, Camilla Brantsing, Jan-Eric Månsson, Eva Sjögren-Jansson e Anders Lindahl. "Human Serum for Culture of Articular Chondrocytes". Cell Transplantation 14, n. 7 (agosto 2005): 469–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/000000005783982909.

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In the field of cell and tissue engineering, culture expansion of human cells in monolayer plays an important part. Traditionally, cell cultures have been supplemented with serum to support attachment and proliferation, but serum is a potential source of foreign protein contamination and viral protein transmission. In this study, we evaluated the use of human serum for experimental human articular chondrocyte expansion and to develop a method for preparation of large volumes of high-quality human serum from healthy blood donors. Human autologous serum contained high levels of epidermal-derived growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor-AB and supported proliferation up to 7 times higher than FCS in primary chondrocyte cultures. By letting the coagulation take place in a commercially available transfusion bag overnight, up to 250 ml of growth factor-rich human serum could be obtained from one donor. The allogenic human serum supported high proliferation rate without loosing expression of cartilage-specific genes. The expanded chondrocytes were able to redifferentiate and form cartilage matrix in comparable amounts to autologous serums. In conclusion, the transfusion bags allow preparation of large volumes of growth factor-rich human serum with the capacity to support in vitro cell expansion. The data further indicate that by controlling the coagulation process there are possibilities of optimizing the release of growth factors for other emerging cell therapies.

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Bengue, Michèle, Pauline Ferraris, Cécile Baronti, Cheikh Tidiane Diagne, Loïc Talignani, Sineewanlaya Wichit, Florian Liegeois, Catherine Bisbal, Antoine Nougairède e Dorothée Missé. "Mayaro Virus Infects Human Chondrocytes and Induces the Expression of Arthritis-Related Genes Associated with Joint Degradation". Viruses 11, n. 9 (29 agosto 2019): 797. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11090797.

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Mayaro virus (MAYV) is an emerging arthritogenic alphavirus belonging to the Togaviridae family. Infection leads to a dengue-like illness accompanied by severe polyarthralgia. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms of arthritis as a result of MAYV infection remain poorly understood. In the present study, we assess the susceptibility of human chondrocytes (HC), fibroblast-like synoviocytes and osteoblasts that are the major cell types involved in osteoarthritis, to infection with MAYV. We show that these cells are highly permissive to MAYV infection and that viral RNA copy number and viral titers increase over time in infected cells. Knowing that HC are the primary cells in articular cartilage and are essential for maintaining the cartilaginous matrix, gene expression studies were conducted in MAYV-infected primary HC using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) arrays. The infection of the latter cells resulted in an induction in the expression of several matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) including MMP1, MMP7, MMP8, MMP10, MMP13, MMP14 and MMP15 which could be involved in the destruction of articular cartilage. Infected HC were also found to express significantly increased levels of various IFN-stimulated genes and arthritogenic mediators such as TNF-α and IL-6. In conclusion, MAYV-infected primary HC overexpress arthritis-related genes, which may contribute to joint degradation and pathogenesis.

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Zhang, Yu, Shuyun Liu, Weimin Guo, Chunxiang Hao, Mingjie Wang, Xu Li, Xueliang Zhang et al. "Coculture of hWJMSCs and pACs in Oriented Scaffold Enhances Hyaline Cartilage Regeneration In Vitro". Stem Cells International 2019 (7 febbraio 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5130152.

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Seed cells of articular cartilage tissue engineering face many obstacles in their application because of the dedifferentiation of chondrocytes or unstable chondrogenic differentiation status of pluripotent stem cells. To overcome mentioned dilemmas, a simulation of the articular cartilage microenvironment was constructed by primary articular cartilage cells (pACs) and acellular cartilage extracellular matrix- (ACECM-) oriented scaffold cocultured with human umbilical cord Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hWJMSCs) in vitro. The coculture groups showed more affluent cartilage special matrix ingredients including collagen II and aggrecan based on the results of histological staining and western blotting and cut down as many pACs as possible. The RT-PCR and cell viability experiments also demonstrated that hWJMSCs were successfully induced to differentiate into chondrocytes when cultured in the simulated cartilage microenvironment, as confirmed by the significant upregulation of collagen II and aggrecan, while the cell proliferation activity of pACs was significantly improved by cell-cell interactions. Therefore, compared with monoculture and chondrogenic induction of inducers, coculture providing a simulated native articular microenvironment was a potential and temperate way to regulate the biological behaviors of pACs and hWJMSCs to regenerate the hyaline articular cartilage.

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Tew, Simon R., Mandy J. Peffers, Tristan R. McKay, Emma T. Lowe, Wasim S. Khan, Timothy E. Hardingham e Peter D. Clegg. "Hyperosmolarity regulates SOX9 mRNA posttranscriptionally in human articular chondrocytes". American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 297, n. 4 (ottobre 2009): C898—C906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00571.2008.

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The transcription factor SOX9 regulates cartilage extracellular matrix gene expression and is essential for chondrocyte differentiation. We previously showed that activation of p38 MAPK by cycloheximide in human chondrocytes leads to stabilization of SOX9 mRNA (Tew SR and Hardingham TE. J Biol Chem 281: 39471–39479, 2006). In this study we investigated whether regulation of p38 MAPK caused by changes in osmotic pressure could control SOX9 mRNA levels expression by a similar mechanism. Primary human articular chondrocytes isolated from osteoarthritic cartilage at passage 2- 4 showed significantly raised SOX9 mRNA levels when exposed to hyperosmotic conditions for 5 h. The effect was strongest and most reproducible when actin stress fibers were disrupted by the Rho effector kinase inhibitor Y27632, or by culturing the cells within alginate beads. Freshly isolated chondrocytes, used within 24–48 h of isolation, did not contain actin stress fibers and upregulated SOX9 mRNA in response to hyperosmolarity in the presence and absence of Y27632. In these freshly isolated chondrocytes, hyperosmolarity led to an increase in the half-life of SOX9 mRNA, which was sensitive to the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB202190. SOX9 protein levels were increased by hyperosmotic culture over 24 h, and, in passaged chondrocytes, the activity of a COL2A1 enhancer driven luciferase assay was upregulated. However, in freshly isolated chondrocytes, COL2A1 mRNA levels were reduced by hyperosmotic conditions and the half-life was decreased. The results showed that the osmotic environment regulated both SOX9 and COL2A1 mRNA posttranscriptionally, but in fresh cells resulted in increased SOX9, but decreased COL2A1.

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Snelling, S., A. Kramm, C. Yapp, A. Carr e U. Oppermann. "Epigenetic modifying compounds alter activity of primary human articular chondrocytes and mesenchymal stem cells undergoing chondrogenesis". Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 22 (aprile 2014): S141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2014.02.260.

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Mata, Manuel, Lara Milian, Maria Oliver, Javier Zurriaga, Maria Sancho-Tello, Jose Javier Martin de Llano e Carmen Carda. "In Vivo Articular Cartilage Regeneration Using Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Cultured in an Alginate Scaffold: A Preliminary Study". Stem Cells International 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8309256.

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Osteoarthritis is an inflammatory disease in which all joint-related elements, articular cartilage in particular, are affected. The poor regeneration capacity of this tissue together with the lack of pharmacological treatment has led to the development of regenerative medicine methodologies including microfracture and autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI). The effectiveness of ACI has been shown in vitro and in vivo, but the use of other cell types, including bone marrow and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells, is necessary because of the poor proliferation rate of isolated articular chondrocytes. In this investigation, we assessed the chondrogenic ability of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) to regenerate cartilage in vitro and in vivo. hDPSCs and primary isolated rabbit chondrocytes were cultured in chondrogenic culture medium and found to express collagen II and aggrecan. Both cell types were cultured in 3% alginate hydrogels and implanted in a rabbit model of cartilage damage. Three months after surgery, significant cartilage regeneration was observed, particularly in the animals implanted with hDPSCs. Although the results presented here are preliminary, they suggest that hDPSCs may be useful for regeneration of articular cartilage.

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Carluccio, Simonetta, Daniela Martinelli, Maria Elisabetta Federica Palamà, Rui Cruz Pereira, Roberto Benelli, Ana Guijarro, Ranieri Cancedda e Chiara Gentili. "Progenitor Cells Activated by Platelet Lysate in Human Articular Cartilage as a Tool for Future Cartilage Engineering and Reparative Strategies". Cells 9, n. 4 (23 aprile 2020): 1052. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9041052.

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Regenerative strategies for human articular cartilage are still challenging despite the presence of resident progenitor cell population. Today, many efforts in the field of regenerative medicine focus on the use of platelet derivatives due to their ability to reactivate endogenous mechanisms supporting tissue repair. While their use in orthopedics continues, mechanisms of action and efficacy need further characterization. We describe that the platelet lysate (PL) is able to activate chondro-progenitor cells in a terminally differentiated cartilage tissue. Primary cultures of human articular chondrocytes (ACs) and cartilage explants were set up from donor hip joint biopsies and were treated in vitro with PL. PL recruited a chondro-progenitors (CPCs)-enriched population from ex vivo cartilage culture, that showed high proliferation rate, clonogenicity and nestin expression. CPCs were positive for in vitro tri-lineage differentiation and formed hyaline cartilage-like tissue in vivo without hypertrophic fate. Moreover, the secretory profile of CPCs was analyzed, together with their migratory capabilities. Some CPC-features were also induced in PL-treated ACs compared to fetal bovine serum (FBS)-control ACs. PL treatment of human articular cartilage activates a stem cell niche responsive to injury. These facts can improve the PL therapeutic efficacy in cartilage applications.

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Tesi sul tema "Primary human articular cells"

Kohli, Nupur. "An investigation of primary human cell sources and clinical scaffolds for articular cartilage repair". Thesis, Aston University, 2016. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/28923/.

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Damage to articular cartilage of the knee can be debilitating because it lacks the capacity to repair itself and can progress to degenerative disorders such as osteoarthritis. The current gold standard for treating cartilage defects is autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI). However, one of the major limitations of ACI is the use of chondrocytes, which dedifferentiate when grown in vitro and lose their phenotype. It is not clear whether the dedifferentiated chondrocytes can fully redifferentiate upon in vivo transplantation. Studies have suggested that undifferentiated mesenchymal stem or stromal cells (MSCs) from bone marrow (BM) and adipose tissue (AT) can undergo chondrogenic differentiation. Therefore, the main aim of this thesis was to examine BM and AT as a cell source for chondrogenesis using clinical scaffolds. Initially, freshly isolated cells were compared with culture expanded MSCs from BM and AT in Chondro-Gide®, Alpha Chondro Shield® and Hyalofast™. MSCs were shown to grow better in the three scaffolds compared to freshly isolated cells. BM MSCs in Chondro-Gide® were shown to have increased deposition of cartilage specific extracellular matrix (ECM) compared to AT MSCs. Further, this thesis has sought to examine whether CD271 selected MSCs from AT were more chondrogenic than MSCs selected on the basis of plastic adherence (PA). It was shown that CD271+MSCs may have superior chondrogenic properties in vitro and in vivo in terms of ECM deposition. The repair tissue seen after CD271+MSC transplantation combined with Alpha Chondro Shield® was also less vascularised than that seen after transplantation with PA MSCs in the same scaffold, suggesting antiangiogenic activity. Since articular cartilage is an avascular tissue, CD271+MSCs may be a better suited cell type compared to the PA MSCs. Hence, this study has increased the current understanding of how different cell-scaffold combinations may best be used to promote articular cartilage repair.

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Milella, Maria Serena. "Study of molecular mechanisms and pharmacological approaches of Alkaptonuria's disease". Doctoral thesis, Università di Siena, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11365/1204563.

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Alkaptonuria (AKU) is an autosomal recessive disorder, called also Black Bone Disease, for the characteristic dark coloration that some tissues and parts of the body assumed. The pathology is caused by the failure of the enzyme homogentisate 1,2- dioxygenase (HGD), that leads the accumulation of the metabolic intermediate homogentisic acid (HGA), derived by tyrosine. HGA highly reactivity triggers the formation of HGA-derived oxidized products, that react with cellular macromolecules, causing a significant generation of ROS and occurrence of oxidative stress. The ongoing oxidative stress status induces the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the activation of immune cell system, with the consequently occurrence in patients of chronic inflammation and secondary AA amyloidosis. Moreover, HGA molecules bonds generate a dark polymer, called ochronotic pigment, that sticks on several organs, particularly on articular joints. Ochronosis triggers detrimental effects on tissues, as cellular death, extracellular matrix destruction, collagen fibrils rupture, since organs lose their function. Tyrosine and phenylalanine are daily taken by the body with diet, and catabolized by the HGD pathway. Thus, in AKU patients, HGA production is constant, since HGA levels in blood and urine are always elevated. Differently, the ochronotic pigment formation and deposit require more time, indeed symptoms in patients generally appear after the fourth decade of life. The rarity of AKU implies important challenges for its study. Actually, some aspects of the disease are still unexplored, despite it represents the first genetic disorder discovered that follows the principles of Mendelian recessive inheritance. In particular, one of the principal obstacles is the retrieval of AKU samples, that are scarce and generally in bad condition, for the nature of the disease. For this reason, the first step of this thesis project, described in Chapter 3, focused on the set up of in vitro model that allowed to reproduce, in a simple and cheap manner, all the characteristics of pathology. Specifically, it was set up an AKU model based on human primary chondrocytes, that allowed to study the most affected compartment in the disorder. Moreover, it was showed a preliminary study on the development of an in vivo Zebrafish model, with the objective of overcome the numerous limitations related to AKU mouse model. The aim of the present thesis work was dual: explore the molecular characteristics still unknown in AKU, and propose an innovative therapeutic approach, that could be extended to all the chronic inflammatory pathologies (Fig.1). In our lab, it was already showed that HGA administration to cells led the activation of autophagic process. Following this observation, it was explored in Chapter 4 the role of lysosomes in AKU. Indeed, is known that a dysregulation of these organelles frequently occurs in different kind of pathologies, as autoimmune or neurodegenerative disorders. Actually, an increase in lysosomes’ number had been detected in both AKU samples and model. Moreover, AKU lysosomes were localized in the periphery of cells, that represent a not physiologic conformation suggesting a decrease in their activity. Despite the ochronotic pigment deposition on cartilage and collagen fibrils was deeply studied, its formation and intracellular localization was never explicated. Thus, considering lysosomes’ role in the storage and degradation of toxic compounds, it was demonstrated in this work, for the first time, that, when cells were exposed to HGA, the ochronotic pigment was developed intracellularly and concentrated in lysosomes. Obviously, this observation could have enormous impact for the treatment of the disease and the counteraction of ochronotic pigment accumulation. Oxidative detrimental effects of HGA had been already described. Cellular macromolecules, as proteins and lipids, but also organelles, as mitochondria, undergo oxidative reactions, with the occurrence of damages often irreversible. Is known that oxidative stress and ROS target also DNA, with possible deleterious effects for cells and for all the body, considering the potential development of mutations that lead tumors onset. Thus, this aspect needs to be monitored in the progression of disorders. Therefore, the effect of HGA on the genome integrity was studied for the first time, as shown in Chapter 5. It was highlighted that HGA indirectly affected DNA, causing strand breaks and nucleolar stress. This induced the activation of repair mechanisms, on which depended cells destiny. In addition, Chapter 8 was dedicated to the study of inflammatory signal activated in AKU, a crucial characteristic of the disease. For the first time, the disorder was modeled on immune cells, in order to analyze the pattern of cytokines stimulated by HGA. It was demonstrated that the molecule was able to directly induce pro-inflammatory cytokines expression in different immune cell types. This preliminary study provides the basis for deeply understand the key issue of inflammation and immune cells activation in AKU patients. In scientific research, the molecular understanding of biological mechanisms and pathways involved in disorders results fundamental to improve their knowledge. This, beside its crucial significance, provides also the theoretical starting point for the research of possible therapeutic cure. Therefore, frequently these approaches are developed together and strictly connected. Until few years ago, AKU patients were treated only with palliative cure. Recently, EMA (European Medicines Agency) extended the application of the drug nitisinone for the treatment of AKU in adult patients. Despite this represents an important progress for the patients’ care, the drug carries some collateral effects, due to the induction of tyrosinemia, and its inability to counteract inflammation. Hence, in the present project it was studied a new therapeutic approach, described in Chapters 6 and 7, based on the combination of low-doses methotrexate (MTX), a widely used anti-inflammatory drug, with antioxidant molecules. In this way, it was obtained a formulation that combined anti-inflammatory and antioxidants properties, with a stronger effect in the counteraction of these conditions, compared to the effect of single treatments. Moreover, it was proved that the co-administration of drugs allowed to use a low concentration of MTX, with the consequent decrease of its adverse effects, and beneficial impact on patients’ health. The effectiveness of the proposed treatment was tested against typical markers of inflammation, oxidative stress and amyloidosis, proving that its application could be extended to different kind of inflammatory disorders (Chapter 6). It was also studied specifically its effect on AKU model, and demonstrated that the combination of MTX and antioxidants successfully reduced ochronotic pigment and amyloid fibrils (Chapter 7). In summary, the present thesis work gives new insight into molecular mechanisms of AKU and presented a new potential formulate for its treatment.

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Heymer, Andrea. "Chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells and articular cartilage reconstruction". kostenfrei, 2008. http://www.opus-bayern.de/uni-wuerzburg/volltexte/2008/2944/.

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Ferng, Alice Shirong. "ENGINEERING ARTICULAR CARTILAGE FROM HUMAN AND CANINE NON-EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/192338.

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Fellows, Christopher R. "Analyses of articular cartilage-derived stem cells : identification of cellular markers for stem cells within the healthy and osteoarthritic knee articular cartilage". Thesis, Cardiff University, 2014. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/70446/.

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Previous studies have identified stem cell populations in articular cartilage using colony forming assays and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) marker expression. The specificity of classical MSC markers for isolation of stem cells within articular cartilage is insufficient, with large and highly variable quantities being reported in the literature. This study has demonstrated, for the first time, a panel of stem cell markers specific for articular cartilage-derived stem cells (ACSC). ACSCs were isolated, quantified and cultured from healthy and OA joints. Stem cells were clonally-derived cell lines that proliferated beyond 50 population doublings whilst maintaining a phenotype, and demonstrated tri-lineage potential. We discovered that OA cartilage had a two-fold increase in stem cell number, consisting of two divergent stem cell sub-populations. These divergent populations varied in proliferative capacity with only 50% of stem cells from the OA joint capable of extended proliferation in vitro. Using transcriptomic next generation sequencing of culture-expanded chondrocytes and ACSCs we successfully identified differentially expressed genes and a panel of novel markers of cartilage-specific stem cells. Novel markers were validated using qPCR and protein labelling and, were specifically expressed in ACSCs, with no expression in the culture-expanded full-depth chondrocytes. Using immunofluorescence for novel stem cell markers we found articular cartilage-derived stem cells are localised within the transitional zone in normal cartilage and the superficial zone in OA cartilage. OA cartilage was found to contain a 2-fold increase in stem cells using immunofluorescence. Subsequently, we used the panel of novel markers and fluorescent active cell sorting to isolate a sub-population from full-depth cartilage with stem cell characteristics. These cells were plastic adherent, clonogenic, with proliferative capacity greater than 50PD and displayed tri-lineage potential, therefore meeting all criteria for classification as a MSC population. The use of specific markers to isolate ACSCs will allow for further characterisation of stem cells, including a more in-depth understanding of the mechanisms of proliferation, differentiation and degeneration within articular cartilage.

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Patel, M. "Growth of human breast cells in primary culture". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233149.

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Lundberg, Anna Maria Cecilia. "Investigation of TLR signalling pathways in human primary cells". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.425006.

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McManus, Lindsay L. "A study of human mesenchymal stem cells, human primary osteoblasts and osteoblast-like cells using Raman spectroscopy". Thesis, University of Ulster, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.551188.

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Raman spectroscopy is a vibrational spectroscopy technique that provides a global biochemical signature and has been shown to have utility in the analysis of biological cells for bone tissue engineering applications. Traditionally, sample analysis in this field employs destructive biological methods that require the use of biomarkers, however, Raman has since become an essential tool in various areas of bio-industry and by incorporating the technique into biological laboratories these perturbing methodologies are no longer the only means of analysis. Therefore the focus of this study was to investigate the capability of Raman spectroscopy as a tool for the in vitro characterisation of the sub-cellular composition and osteogenic potential of human mesenchymal stem cells. As with most biological samples a high degree of heterogeneity is often found, therefore in order to extract the desired information from the biological studies multivariate analysis tools were utilised. The reliability and consistency of the vibrational analysis was confirmed by means of comparison with current gold-standard techniques such as, alizarin red staining, real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunocytochemistry. A further novelty was introduced with the use of Raman spectroscopy to determine the suitability of the U20S osteoblast-like cell line for use as a model for human primary osteoblasts with emphasis on the ability of these cell types to replicate their tissue of origin. Investigation of the U20S osteoblast-like cell line provided evidence of dense multilayered mineralised regions that corresponded more closely to native bone, which has not been previously reported on. This finding contradicts previous reports on U20S osteoblast-like cells which have consistently been described as non-osteoinductive. When Raman spectroscopy is coupled with biological and multivariate analyses techniques, it shows further novelty when employed to monitor mineralisation of human mesenchymal stem cells, human primary osteoblasts and osteoblast-like cells. This body of work culminates the success of a truly multidisciplinary approach and provides the potential for further work on bone cell analysis and the applications of spectroscopy for biological studies and bone tissue engineering applications.

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Beale, Gary S. "Evaluation of PKC isozyme expression, overexpression and antinsense-suppression in C6 glioma cells and primary articular chondrocytes". Thesis, University of York, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310916.

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Alsayegh, Khaled. "Characterizing the Role of CDK2AP1 in Primary Human Fibroblasts and Human Embryonic Stem Cells". VCU Scholars Compass, 2013. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/537.

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Cyclin Dependent Kinase-2 Associated Protein-1 (CDK2AP1) plays an important role in cell cycle regulation, by inhibiting CDK2 and by targeting it for proteolysis. It is also known to bind the DNA polymerase alpha-primase complex and regulate the initiation step of DNA synthesis. Its overexpression has been shown to inhibit growth, reduce invasion and increase apoptosis in a number of cancer cell lines. In studies in which mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) with targeted deletion of the Cdk2ap1 gene were used, Cdk2ap1 was shown to be required for epigenetic silencing of Oct4 during differentiation. The goal of this thesis was to examine the role of CDK2AP1 in somatic cells (primary human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs)) and human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and specifically assess its impact on proliferation, self-renewal and differentiation. In the first part of this study, using a short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) approach, we investigated the effect of CDK2AP1 downregulation in HDFs. Outcomes indicated: (a) reduced proliferation, (b) premature senescence, (c) cell cycle alterations, (d) DNA damage, and (e) an increase in p53, p21, and the p53-responsive apoptotic genes BAX and PUMA. Simultaneous downregulation of p53 and CDK2AP1 in HDFs confirmed that observed phenotype was p53 dependent. In the second part of this study, using a shRNA approach, we investigated the role of CDK2AP1 on hESC fate associated with self-renewal and differentiation. We found that CDK2AP1 knockdown in hESCs resulted in: (a) reduced self-renewal (b) enhanced differentiation (c) cell cycle alterations and (d) increase in p53 expression. Results indicate that the knockdown of CDK2AP1 in hESCs enhances differentiation and favors it over a self-renewal fate. Thus, this study has successfully identified novel functions for CDK2AP1, as its knockdown has a significant impact on self-renewal, differentiation and senescence. Results obtained from this study could contribute to development of directed differentiation strategies for generating uniform populations of differentiated phenotypes from hESCs for clinical applications.

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Più fonti

Libri sul tema "Primary human articular cells"

R, Koller Manfred, Palsson Bernhard e Masters John R. W, a cura di. Primary mesenchymal cells. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2001.

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R, Koller Manfred, Palsson Bernhard e Masters J. R. W, a cura di. Primary hematopoietic cells. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1999.

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Koller, Manfred R. Human Cell Culture: Volume IV: Primary Hematopoietic Cells. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2002.

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W, Masters John R., a cura di. Human cancer in primary culture: A handbook. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1991.

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Primary Perception: Biocommunication with Plants, Living Foods, and Human Cells. Anza, Calif: White Rose Millennium Press, 2003.

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Primary mesenchymal cells. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2001.

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Koller, Manfred R. Human Cell Culture: Primary Hematopoietic Cells. Springer, 2010.

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Human Cell Culture: Volume IV: Primary Hematopoietic Cells (Human Cell Culture). Springer, 1999.

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Masters, John. Human Cancer In Primary Culture, A Handbook. Springer, 2012.

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Masters, John. Human Cancer in Primary Culture, a Handbook. Springer, 2012.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Primary human articular cells"

Mollon, Brent, Rita Kandel e John S. Theodoropoulos. "Human-Derived Cells in Chondral or Osteochondral Repair". In Articular Cartilage of the Knee, 391–410. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7587-7_16.

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Girard, Denis. "Arsenic and Primary Human Cells". In Encyclopedia of Metalloproteins, 106–11. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1533-6_436.

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Mullen, Mary, Hollie Noia e Katherine Fuh. "Culturing Primary Human Mesothelial Cells". In Methods in Molecular Biology, 147–54. New York, NY: Springer US, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1956-8_9.

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Han, Sangyoon, Anna McCann, Louise C. Laurent, Jeanne F. Loring e Ying Liu. "Improving Gene Targeting Efficiency in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells". In Primary and Stem Cells, 211–25. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118147177.ch11.

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Speirs, Valerie. "Primary Culture of Human Mammary Tumor Cells". In Culture of Human Tumor Cells, 205–19. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0471722782.ch9.

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Cortesi, Alice, e Beatrice Bodega. "Chromosome Conformation Capture in Primary Human Cells". In Methods in Molecular Biology, 213–21. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6380-5_19.

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Tsekrekou, Maria, Dimitris Mavroudis, Dimitris Kafetzopoulos e Despoina Vassou. "Stem Cell Characters in Primary and Metastatic Tumour Establishment". In Stem Cells and Human Diseases, 533–80. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2801-1_25.

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Poole, Emma, Ian Groves, Sarah Jackson, Mark Wills e John Sinclair. "Using Primary Human Cells to Analyze Human Cytomegalovirus Biology". In Methods in Molecular Biology, 51–81. New York, NY: Springer US, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1111-1_4.

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Fusenig, Norbert E., Dirk Breitkreutz e Petra Boukamp. "Differentiation Potential of Cancer Cells". In Human Cancer in Primary Culture, A Handbook, 55–80. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3304-3_3.

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Goepfert, Christiane, Vivien Lutz, Svenja Lünse, Sabrina Kittel, Katharina Wiegandt, Michael Kammal, Klaus Püschel e Ralf Pörtner. "Expansion of Human Articular Chondrocytes on Microcarriers Enhances the Production of Cartilage Specific Matrix Components". In Cells and Culture, 639–43. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3419-9_110.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Primary human articular cells"

Kim, Minwook, Isaac E. Erickson, Jason A. Burdick, George R. Dodge e Robert L. Mauck. "Differential Chondrogenic Potential of Human and Bovine Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Agarose and Photocrosslinked Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels". In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19461.

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Articular cartilage has a limited regenerative capacity, and there exist no methodologies to restore structure and function after damage or degeneration. This has focused intense work on cell-based therapies for cartilage repair, with considerable literature demonstrating that chondrocytes in vitro and in vivo can generate cartilage-like tissue replacements. However, use of primary cells is limited by the amount and quality of autologous donor cells and tissue. Multipotential mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow offer an alternative cell source for cartilage tissue engineering. MSCs are easily accessible and expandable in culture, and differentiate towards a chondrocyte-like phenotype with exposure to TGF-β [1]. For example, we have shown that bovine MSCs undergo chondrogenic differentiation and mechanical maturation in agarose, self-assembling peptide, and photocrosslinkable hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels [2]. HA hydrogels are particularly advantageous as they are biologically relevant and easily modified to generate a range of hydrogel properties [3]. Indeed, bovine MSCs show a strong dependence of functional outcomes on the macromer density of the HA gel [4]. To further the clinical application of this material, the purpose of this study was to investigate functional chondrogenesis of human MSCs in HA compared to agarose hydrogels. To carry out this study, juvenile bovine and human MSCs were encapsulated and cultured in vitro in HA and agarose hydrogels, and cell viability, biochemical, biomechanical, and histological properties were evaluated over 4 weeks of culture.

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Stucki, Andreas O., Sean R. R. Hall, Janick D. Stucki, Marcel Felder, Yves Mermoud, Ralph A. Schmid, Thomas Geiser e Olivier T. Guenat. "Effect of respiration on primary human alveolar epithelial cells". In Annual Congress 2015. European Respiratory Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2015.pa915.

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Joubert, Bronwyn, Cristina Ghirelli, Isabelle Nett, John Prime, Glynn Martin, Jonathan Moore, Benedict Cross e Nicola J. McCarthy. "Abstract 1213: RNA-based screens in primary human immune cells". In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2019; March 29-April 3, 2019; Atlanta, GA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-1213.

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Camprubí-Rimblas, Marta, Josep Bringué, Luís Morales-Quinteros, Neus Tantinyà, Ramon Farré, Isaac Almendros, Juan José Fiblà, Roser Saumench e Antonio Artigas. "Role of hypercapnia in LPS injured human primary alveolar cells". In ERS International Congress 2019 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa4110.

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Moglo, K., e A. Shirazi-Adl. "Response Analysis of Passive Human Knee Joint in Flexion Under Anterior-Posterior Loads". In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/bed-23072.

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Abstract The human knee joint is a multi-body complex system that experiences relatively large loads and displacements during normal daily activities. The joint stability is provided by its articular surfaces, menisci, ligaments and muscles. An injury to a component is expected to influence the joint normal kinematics/kinetics with liklihood to initiate/accelerate joint instability and degeneration. In this work, a validated nonlinear 3-D model of the human knee joint [1,2] is further refined and applied to the analysis of the tibiofemoral joint in passive flexion under 100N anterior or posterior horizontal preload. Attention is focused on the global (primary and coupled) motions, ligament forces and load transmission via articular surfaces. The effect of ligament initial strain on the response is also investigated.

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Krishnan, Ramaswamy, Seonghun Park, Michael A. Soltz, Robert J. Pawluk e Gerard A. Ateshian. "The Influence of Depth-Dependent Inhomogeneity on the Contact Response of Human Patellar Cartilage". In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/bed-23060.

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Abstract One of the aims of modeling articular cartilage is to determine its ability to sustain its physiological loading environment and the mechanisms by which this functional response might be compromised. It has long been hypothesized that excessive stresses in cartilage might initiate osteoarthritis, thus a determination of the state of stress within the tissue has been an important objective. It has also been hypothesized that the interstitial water of articular cartilage plays a primary role in producing low friction and wear as well as shielding the collagen-proteoglycan solid matrix from a significant portion of the loads applied across joints [1]. Furthermore, cartilage exhibits inhomogeneity through its depth, both in its tensile and compressive properties, though the significance of this inhomogeneity on the functional response of cartilage remains to be elucidated. The specific aims of the current study are to (a) experimentally determine the depth-dependent tensile and compressive properties of human patellar articular cartilage; (b) determine the response of cartilage to loading under a contact configuration using finite element models which employ these experimentally determined material properties; and (c) compare the response of the tissue to a hypothetical homogeneous distribution of material properties through the depth. The first hypothesis is that the inhomogeneity of articular cartilage acts to maximize the interstitial fluid load support at the articular surface. The second hypothesis is that the depth-dependent inhomogeneous distribution of cartilage properties acts to produce a more homogeneous state of stress than would be achieved had the properties been constant through the depth. This study extends our previous contact analyses of homogeneous cartilage layers [2,3].

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Xie, Hong, Sara Martin, John Wise e Shouping Huang. "Abstract LB-393: Genotoxicity of arsenic in primary human bronchial cells". In Proceedings: AACR 103rd Annual Meeting 2012‐‐ Mar 31‐Apr 4, 2012; Chicago, IL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2012-lb-393.

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Brown, K., K. Brown, E. Simpson e E. Simpson. "Metformin Inhibits Aromatase Expression in Primary Human Breast Adipose Stromal Cells." In Abstracts: Thirty-Second Annual CTRC‐AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium‐‐ Dec 10‐13, 2009; San Antonio, TX. American Association for Cancer Research, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-09-3132.

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Chibana, Kazuyuki, Akihiro Takemasa, Ryo Arai, Yoshiki Ishii e Takeshi Fukuda. "IL-33 Induces CCL26 From Primary Human Distal Bronchial Epithelial Cells". In American Thoracic Society 2011 International Conference, May 13-18, 2011 • Denver Colorado. American Thoracic Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2011.183.1_meetingabstracts.a4265.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Primary human articular cells"

de Sousa, Eduardo, Renata Matsui, Leonardo Boldrini, Leandra Baptista e José Mauro Granjeiro. Mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of articular cartilage defects of the knee: an overview of systematic reviews. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, dicembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.12.0114.

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Review question / Objective: Population: adults (aged between 18 and 50 years) with traumatic knee lesions who underwent treatment with mesenchymal stem cells; Intervention: defined by the treatment with mesenchymal stem cells; The comparison group: treatment with autologous chondrocytes or microfracture treatments; Primary outcome: formation of cartilage neo tissue in the defect area, determined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or by direct visualization in second-look knee arthroscopy.; Secondary outcomes: based on clinical scores such as visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, Western Ontario and McMaster universities score (WOMAC), knee society score (KSS), Tegner and Lysholm.

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Kevin M. Prise. Determine the yield of micronucleated cells in primary human fibroblasts exposed to focused soft X-rays. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), gennaio 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/896796.

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Peehl, Donna M. Development of Methodology to Maintain Primary Cultures of Normal and Malignant Human Prostatic Epithelial Cells In Vivo. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, febbraio 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada484336.

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Pierce, Lori. The Effect of Radiotherapy Upon Primary Human Mammary Epithelial Cells Which Harbor a Breast Cancer Susceptibility Gene. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, settembre 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada381716.

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Malkinson, Mertyn, Irit Davidson, Moshe Kotler e Richard L. Witter. Epidemiology of Avian Leukosis Virus-subtype J Infection in Broiler Breeder Flocks of Poultry and its Eradication from Pedigree Breeding Stock. United States Department of Agriculture, marzo 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586459.bard.

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Objectives 1. Establish diagnostic procedures to identify tolerant carrier birds based on a) Isolation of ALV-J from blood, b) Detection of group-specific antigen in cloacal swabs and egg albumen. Application of these procedures to broiler breeder flocks with the purpose of removing virus positive birds from the breeding program. 2. Survey the AL V-J infection status of foundation lines to estimate the feasibility of the eradication program 3. Investigate virus transmission through the embryonated egg (vertical) and between chicks in the early post-hatch period (horizontal). Establish a model for limiting horizontal spread by analyzing parameters operative in the hatchery and brooder house. 4. Compare the pathogenicity of AL V-J isolates for broiler chickens. 5. Determine whether AL V-J poses a human health hazard by examining its replication in mammalian and human cells. Revisions. The: eradication objective had to be terminated in the second year following the closing down of the Poultry Breeders Union (PBU) in Israel. This meant that their foundation flocks ceased to be available for selection. Instead, the following topics were investigated: a) Comparison of commercial breeding flocks with and without myeloid leukosis (matched controls) for viremia and serum antibody levels. b) Pathogenicity of Israeli isolates for turkey poults. c) Improvement of a diagnostic ELISA kit for measuring ALV-J antibodies Background. ALV-J, a novel subgroup of the avian leukosis virus family, was first isolated in 1988 from broiler breeders presenting myeloid leukosis (ML). The extent of its spread among commercial breeding flocks was not appreciated until the disease appeared in the USA in 1994 when it affected several major breeding companies almost simultaneously. In Israel, ML was diagnosed in 1996 and was traced to grandparent flocks imported in 1994-5, and by 1997-8, ML was present in one third of the commercial breeding flocks It was then realized that ALV-J transmission was following a similar pattern to that of other exogenous ALVs but because of its unusual genetic composition, the virus was able to establish an extended tolerant state in infected birds. Although losses from ML in affected flocks were somewhat higher than normal, both immunosuppression and depressed growth rates were encountered in affected broiler flocks and affected their profitability. Conclusions. As a result of the contraction in the number of international primary broiler breeders and exchange of male and female lines among them, ALV-J contamination of broiler breeder flocks affected the broiler industry worldwide within a short time span. The Israeli national breeding company (PBU) played out this scenario and presented us with an opportunity to apply existing information to contain the virus. This BARD project, based on the Israeli experience and with the aid of the ADOL collaborative effort, has managed to offer solutions for identifying and eliminating infected birds based on exhaustive virological and serological tests. The analysis of factors that determine the efficiency of horizontal transmission of virus in the hatchery resulted in the workable solution of raising young chicks in small groups through the brooder period. These results were made available to primary breeders as a strategy for reducing viral transmission. Based on phylogenetic analysis of selected Israeli ALV-J isolates, these could be divided into two groups that reflected the countries of origin of the grandparent stock. Implications. The availability of a simple and reliable means of screening day old chicks for vertical transmission is highly desirable in countries that rely on imported breeding stock for their broiler industry. The possibility that AL V-J may be transmitted to human consumers of broiler meat was discounted experimentally.

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