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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Psychological tests – Cross-cultural studies"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 6 febbraio 2022

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1

Boer, Diana, Katja Hanke, and Jia He. "On Detecting Systematic Measurement Error in Cross-Cultural Research: A Review and Critical Reflection on Equivalence and Invariance Tests." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 49, no. 5 (2018): 713–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022022117749042.

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One major threat to revealing cultural influences on psychological states or processes is the presence of bias (i.e., systematic measurement error). When quantitative measures are not targeting the same construct or they differ in metric across cultures, the validity of inferences about cultural variability (and universality) is in doubt. The objectives of this article are to review what can be done about it and what is being done about it. To date, a multitude of useful techniques and methods to reduce or assess bias in cross-cultural research have been developed. We explore the limits of inv

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Buunk, Bram P., Alois Angleitner, Viktor Oubaid, and David M. Buss. "Sex Differences in Jealousy in Evolutionary and Cultural Perspective: Tests From the Netherlands, Germany, and the United States." Psychological Science 7, no. 6 (1996): 359–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1996.tb00389.x.

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As predicted by models derived from evolutionary psychology, men within the United States have been shown to exhibit greater psychological and physiological distress to sexual than to emotional infidelity of their partner, and women have been shown to exhibit more distress to emotional than to sexual infidelity Because cross-cultural tests are critical for evolutionary hypotheses, we examined these sex differences in three parallel studies conducted in the Netherlands (N = 207), Germany (N = 200), and the United States (N = 224) Two key findings emerged First, the sex differences in sexual jea

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Jung, Yuhee, Norihiko Takeuchi, and Tomokazu Takeuchi. "Understanding psychological processes of applicants’ job search." Evidence-based HRM: a Global Forum for Empirical Scholarship 4, no. 3 (2016): 190–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ebhrm-07-2015-0032.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, it empirically examines two theory-based models of applicants’ job search developed from planned happenstance theory (PHT) and theory of planned behavior (TPB). Second, it tests the cross-cultural compatibility of these models in Japan and Korea. Design/methodology/approach The authors tested two theory-based job search models, PHT model and TPB model based on samples of college students from Japan (n=175) and Korea (n=172). Findings The results indicated that the TPB model was a significantly better fitting to the data than the PHT model. M

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Patriche, Diana, Octavian Vasiliu, Irina Filip, Carmen Tănase, and Amir Radfar. "Considerations on the quality of life in patients with dual diagnosis of depressive disorder and alcohol dependence." Romanian Medical Journal 62, no. 4 (2015): 339–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rmj.2015.4.2.

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Quality of life is defined as the individual’s perception of his social, cultural value systems in the context in which one lives and in corelation with his needs, aspirations and standards (WHO, 1994). Patients with depression and alcoholism are associated with low scores on tests assessing quality of life. Quality of life assessment is useful for planning and evaluation of medical and psychological treatment outcomes.

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Ausín, Berta, Miguel Ángel Castellanos, Clara González-Sanguino, et al. "!e Psychological Impact of Six Weeks of Lockdown as a Consequence of COVID-19 and the Importance of Social Support: A Cross-Cultural Study Comparing Spanish and Russian Populations." Psychology in Russia: State of the Art 13, no. 4 (2020): 89–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.11621/pir.2020.0406.

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Background. !e COVID-19 pandemic has been an unprecedented social and health emergency worldwide. Cross-cultural research on mental health during this situation is needed to better understand its consequences. Objective. To evaluate the di"erent psychological impacts of the crisis and lockdown situation during the #rst six weeks of COVID emergency measures in samples of the Spanish and Russian populations. Design. A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online survey (NSpain = 1041; NRussia = 743). !e prevalence of loneliness, depression, anxiety, perceived discrimination (PD), intern

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Dasen, Pierre R., Ramesh C. Mishra, and Jürg Wassmann. "Quasi-experimental research in culture sensitive psychology." Culture & Psychology 24, no. 3 (2018): 327–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354067x18779043.

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The research presented in this article follows up on several aspects of Gustav Jahoda’s long and fruitful career: (1) his early fieldwork on cognitive development in Africa, particularly in the area of spatial skills; (2) his interest in cross-cultural psychology as a research method; and (3) his insistence on bringing anthropology and psychology together. The topic of our research is the development of a so-called “geocentric” frame of spatial reference. This is a cognitive style, in which individuals describe and represent small-scale table-top space in terms of large-scale geographic dimens

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McGeer, E. G., R. P. Peppard, P. L. McGeer, et al. "18Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Studies in Presumed Alzheimer Cases, Including 13 Serial Scans." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 17, no. 1 (1990): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100029930.

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ABSTRACT:Positron emission tomographic (PET) data on local cerebral metabolic rates for glucose (LCMR) are reported for 32 regions of interest (ROI)s in cross-sectional studies on 57 patients with clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 20 neurologically normal controls, and in serial studies on 13 of the AD cases, including a familial, young-onset case where the diagnosis has been confirmed at autopsy. Extensive psychological testing was done on all the AD cases. Almost all cortical regions showed a significant decline in LCMR with age in the control subjects. There were the expecte

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Gómez-Salgado, Juan, Ingrid Adanaque-Bravo, Mónica Ortega-Moreno, Regina Allande-Cussó, Cristian Arturo Arias-Ulloa, and Carlos Ruiz-Frutos. "Psychological distress during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ecuador: Cross-sectional study." PLOS ONE 16, no. 9 (2021): e0257661. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257661.

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Background The effects of the COVID 19 pandemic on the mental health of citizens from Asia, Europe, or North America begin to be known, but there are fewer publications on its effects in Latin American countries. In this study, its impact in Ecuador is described, with data collected during the first phase of the pandemic. The objective of this study was to analyse the level of psychological distress in the population of Ecuador during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods and findings Cross-sectional observational study. The questionnaires were collected through an online self-deve

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Arokkiaraj, H., Archana Kaushik, and S. Irudaya Rajan. "Effects of International Male Migration on Wives Left Behind in Rural Tamil Nadu." Indian Journal of Gender Studies 28, no. 2 (2021): 228–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971521521997964.

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Emigration by skilled and semi-skilled workers from India to the Middle East is a strategy for better economic returns. Families rarely accompany migrants. Drawing insights from primary data gathered from intensive fieldwork in Sivaganga district, Tamil Nadu, this article attempts to understand the psychological consequences on the wives left behind. A mixed sampling method was used to derive the sample size. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson’s chi-square tests were mainly used for quantitative analysis supplemented by qualitative methods. The results indicated that wives considered lon

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Shupe, Ellen I., Lilia M. Cortina, Alexandra Ramos, Louise F. Fitzgerald, and Jan Salisbury. "The Incidence and Outcomes of Sexual Harassment Among Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White Women: A Comparison Across Levels of Cultural Affiliation." Psychology of Women Quarterly 26, no. 4 (2002): 298–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1471-6402.t01-2-00069.

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An extensive body of literature has documented the widespread and damaging nature of sexual harassment among Anglo women, but little attention has focused on the experiences of women of color. The current paper begins to address this gap by comparing sexual harassment incidence rates and psychological and work-related outcomes of Hispanic and non-Hispanic White women across varying levels of cultural affiliation. Chi-square tests of association suggest that risk of harassment increases with affiliation to the mainstream U.S. culture, and hierarchical regression analyses suggest that cultural a

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Bernstein, J. H., and F. Youssef. "It's Not All Tests and Norms! The Reach of Culture in Behavioral Research." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 34, no. 7 (2019): 1300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acz029.67.

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Abstract Five major challenges experienced while conducting a study regarding the neurobehavioral developmental trajectories of primary school children in Trinidad and Tobago are reviewed. 1. Governing Principles. Institutional review of the scientific rationale for the work and safety of participants is required for research activities in any/all settings. 2. Design/Methodology. Cultural beliefs/values/goals shape the research endeavor from recruitment strategies, informed consent, research design, and data collection to outcome monitoring. 3. Participants. Research studies involving children

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Ng, Sharon, and Shankha Basu. "Global Identity and Preference for Environmentally Friendly Products: The Role of Personal Responsibility." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 50, no. 8 (2019): 919–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022022119873432.

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This research tests the idea that a salient global identity positively affects people’s willingness to pay for environmentally friendly products. Results from a large-scale multi-nation survey ( N = 75,934) as well as two studies ( N = 322) conducted in Singapore supported this prediction. We found that participants with a more (vs. less) dominant global identity indicated greater support for environmentally friendly products and exhibited increased pro-environmental behavior. We further show that the effect is driven by a stronger feeling of personal responsibility toward the environment amon

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Chen, Jing, Jian-Quan Tian, Danmin Miao, and Rosina C. Chia. "Item description in translated tests: Cultural effects on factor structure of the Chinese Version of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator-G." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 37, no. 1 (2009): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2009.37.1.31.

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Construct validity is a core issue in the design of a standard psychological instrument. There are many contrasting arguments about the factor structure of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI, Myers, 1962). A variety of methods and sample sizes used in prior studies has created these differences. Therefore, this study explored factor structure of the Chinese version MBTI, Form G based on two samples with roughly equal sample sizes, using the same method. Results supported construct validity of the Chinese version of the MBTI-G (Miao, Huangfu, Chia, & Ren, 2004), for there were four facto

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Chung, Sara, Qing Zhou, Catherine Anicama, Carol Rivera, and Yuuko Uchikoshi. "Language Proficiency, Parenting Styles, and Socioemotional Adjustment of Young Dual Language Learners." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 50, no. 7 (2019): 896–914. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022022119867394.

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Dual language learners (DLLs) make up 32% of all children in the United States. Past research showed that proficiency in a heritage language (HL) was associated with better psychological adjustment in school-aged children and adolescents, but the associations of HL and English (EL) proficiency with preschool-aged DLLs’ socioemotional adjustment remain understudied. This study included a sample of low-income Mexican and Chinese immigrant families with preschool-aged DLLs ( N = 90). Children’s HL and EL proficiencies were assessed using language tests. Parents rated their own cultural orientatio

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Darabant, Adrian Sergiu, Diana Borza, and Radu Danescu. "Recognizing Human Races through Machine Learning—A Multi-Network, Multi-Features Study." Mathematics 9, no. 2 (2021): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9020195.

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The human face holds a privileged position in multi-disciplinary research as it conveys much information—demographical attributes (age, race, gender, ethnicity), social signals, emotion expression, and so forth. Studies have shown that due to the distribution of ethnicity/race in training datasets, biometric algorithms suffer from “cross race effect”—their performance is better on subjects closer to the “country of origin” of the algorithm. The contributions of this paper are two-fold: (a) first, we gathered, annotated and made public a large-scale database of (over 175,000) facial images by a

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Numanović, Almedina, Željko Mladenović, Vladimir Janjić, and Branimir Radmanović. "PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS AND DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL EXERCISE DEPENDENCE." Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte 24, no. 1 (2018): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1517-869220182401177563.

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ABSTRACT Introduction: Excessive physical exercise combined with certain psychic and sociodemographic factors can lead to dependence. Objective: To examine which factors lead to the emergence of exercise dependence. Methods: Sample consisted of 103 men (mean age 27.3 years, SD 6.127) who performed exercises at gyms at least three times a week in the last year or more in Novi Pazar, Sjenica, Raska and Tutin, Serbia. Participants completed questionnaires and took appropriate tests. Results: Our results showed that there is no association between exercise dependence and financial status, number o

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Kennedy, Robert S., Julie M. Drexler, Gene G. Rugotzke, and Janet J. Turnage. "Application of Multiple Cut-Offs for Fitness for Duty Testing." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 40, no. 12 (1996): 569–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129604001203.

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“Sensitivity,” (percentage correct detections of the number treated) is the most often used index of psychological tests or test battery adequacy, although other factors (stability, reliability, other forms of validity, usability, etc.) are also reported as positive features. This paper reports on a method to improve “specificity” [ratio of persons correctly identified as not treated to total number not treated]. Specificity issues are a great concern, where behavioral testing may be used for managerial or regulatory decisions about workers. In such cases the percentage of workers with appreci

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Sutarto, Auditya Purwandini, Shanti Wardaningsih, and Wika Harisa Putri. "Work from home: Indonesian employees' mental well-being and productivity during the COVID-19 pandemic." International Journal of Workplace Health Management 14, no. 4 (2021): 386–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijwhm-08-2020-0152.

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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore to what extent employees' mental well-being affects their productivity while working from home (WFH) during the COVID-19 crisis and whether mental well-being and productivity differ across some socio-demographic factors.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional study with online questionnaires was designed with 472 valid responses in Indonesia. Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and Individual Work Performance Questionnaire (IWPQ) were administered. Non-parametric tests and structural equation modeling were employed to analyze the d

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Neto, Félix. "Intercultural Relations Among Guinean Immigrants Living in Portugal: Testing Multiculturalism, Contact, and Integration Hypotheses." Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies 8, no. 2 (2021): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.29333/ejecs/641.

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This study tests several specific predictions derived from three general core hypotheses of intercultural relations (multiculturalism, contact, and integration hypotheses). The participants were 405 migrants from Guinea-Bissau (51 percent women). Their average age was 38 years. The average length of stay in Portugal was 18 years. Data collection involved the completion of questionnaires to measure multicultural ideology, security, cultural identity, contact, perceived discrimination, acculturation strategies, mental health problems, sociocultural adaptation, and tolerance. In concert with the

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Faden, Eric, Aaron Mitchel, Alexander Murph, Taylor Myers, and Nathan C. Ryan. "Mr. Hulot’s Invisible Gorilla." Projections 15, no. 2 (2021): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/proj.2021.150201.

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This article examines the work of mid-century French filmmaker Jacques Tati. Tati suggested that his films allow more visual freedom to audiences and that audiences discover new material upon multiple viewings of his films. We review the scholarship on Tati, especially in relation to critic André Bazin’s theories of realism, and then propose another model for understanding Tati’s films: the psychological concept of inattentional blindness. The article then discusses our experiment using eye tracking technology to study how subjects watch Tati’s films versus other types of cinema and also how t

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شادن خليل حسين عليوات, شادن خليل حسين عليوات. "Cognitive Flexibility as the Mediator between Unemployment Anxiety and Psychological Wellbeing among University Students with Disabilities." journal of King Abdulaziz University Arts And Humanities 28, no. 14 (2020): 299–321. http://dx.doi.org/10.4197/art.28-14.10.

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Many previous studies confirm that anxious individuals usually express lower wellbeing. Additionally, being anxious usually undermines cognitive performance and prevents development of new ways of achieving desired levels of wellbeing, by reducing cognitive flexibility. This makes cognitive flexibility a possible mediator for the negative relationship between anxiety and wellbeing. Objectives: This study tests if cognitive flexibility serves as a mediator between anxiety and psychological wellbeing, with a special focus on the unemployment anxiety experienced by individuals with disabilities.

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Agarwal, Upasna A. "Examining PCB-Outcomes Relationship: Moderating Role of Individualism." Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 39, no. 2 (2014): 99–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090920140210.

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In the current climate of continuing economic uncertainty caused by major developed nations struggling with high-debt and sub-par growth, employee goodwill, motivation, and cooperation are fragile yet critical for organizational success. These attitudes and behaviours can be powerfully influenced by the fulfillment of psychological contracts. Psychological Contract is a useful framework for examining the quality of employeeorganization relationship. Psychological Contract Breach (PCB), defined as the cognition that one's organization has failed to meet one or more obligations within one's psyc

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Sabharwal, Alka, Babita Goyal, and K. E. Sadanandan Unni. "Effect of Lockdown due to COVID-19 on Psychological Health of Young Adults- A Survey Report." Journal of Medical Research 6, no. 5 (2020): 203–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/jmr.2020.6507.

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Background- Uncertainties are prevailing duringunprecedented COVID-19 outbreak time affecting higher studies/careers of undergraduate and graduate students. Aims- To identify symptoms of psychological problems existing in young adults in general and also, the effect of forced quarantine due to COVID-19lockdowns on their psychological behaviour. Setting and Design- A cross-sectional study through an online survey using 17+extended English version of the Strength and Difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) to measure effect of lock down / forced quarantine on psychological behaviour of young adults in

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Stevenson, Harold W., Chuansheng Chen, and Shinying Lee. "Motivation and Achievement of Gifted Children in East Asia and the United States." Journal for the Education of the Gifted 16, no. 3 (1993): 223–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016235329301600302.

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Analyses were conducted of data from 5 studies related to the academic achievement and cognitive abilities of students in Japan, Taiwan, Mainland China, and the United States. Cross-sectional and longitudinal data were available for students in kindergarten and grades 1, 5, and 11. The analyses compared the top 10 percent of students with the 10 percent of the students whose scores clustered most closely to the average on (a) tests of cognitive ability and then on (b) tests of mathematics achievement. The high ability students in Asian samples outperformed high ability American students in mat

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Zou, Changqing, Weiyu Zhang, Kristin Sznajder, et al. "Factors Influencing Anxiety Among WeChat Users During the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Mainland China: Cross-sectional Survey Study." Journal of Medical Internet Research 23, no. 5 (2021): e24412. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/24412.

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Background The rapid outbreak of COVID-19 around the world has adversely affected the mental health of the public. The prevalence of anxiety among the public has increased dramatically during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there are few studies evaluating the effects of positive psychological responses and information-seeking behaviors on anxiety experienced among social media users during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective This study evaluated the prevalence of anxiety and its associated factors among WeChat users in mainland China during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods From

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Haible, Stephanie, Carmen Volk, Yolanda Demetriou, Oliver Höner, Ansgar Thiel, and Gorden Sudeck. "Physical Activity-Related Health Competence, Physical Activity, and Physical Fitness: Analysis of Control Competence for the Self-Directed Exercise of Adolescents." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 1 (2019): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17010039.

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(1) Background: Individuals have to effectively manage their physical activity in order to optimize the associated physical and psychological health benefits. Control competence allows the individual to structure and pace physical activity in a health-enhancing way. The concept was developed within a model of physical activity-related health competence, and is related to the concepts of health literacy and physical literacy. Therefore, the study firstly aimed to validate a self-report scale to measure the physical and psychological facets of control competence in adolescents. Secondly, relatio

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Gilbert, G. Ronald, Ravipreet S. Sohi, and Adriana G. McEachern. "Measuring work preferences." Career Development International 13, no. 1 (2008): 56–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13620430810849542.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to introduce a multidimensional work preference research instrument, and to relate scores on these dimensions with subjects' real world work choices.Design/methodology/approachRepeated samples of 1,002 and 975 adult subjects were used to identify 17 empirically derived constructs, using both EFA and CFA statistical applications. The CFA revealed measurement invariance among the predicted and measured constructs. The 17 validated constructs were culled from career development‐related psychology that has variously been identified with learning styles, work int

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Charkhabi, Morteza. "Do cognitive appraisals moderate the link between qualitative job insecurity and psychological-behavioral well-being?" International Journal of Workplace Health Management 11, no. 6 (2018): 424–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijwhm-01-2018-0008.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to detect the association between qualitative job insecurity and well-being related outcomes and to determine the extent to which cognitive appraisals of job insecurity moderate this association. According to appraisal theory, it is anticipated a hindrance appraisal of job insecurity to amplify and a challenge appraisal of job insecurity to buffer this association. Design/methodology/approach To test the hypotheses, 250 healthcare employees from different departments of an Iranian large public hospital were recruited. Participants responded to scales on qua

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Do Carmo Ferruzzi, Luciana Paula, Letícia Resende Davi, Daniela Cristina Braga de Lima, Marcelo Tavares, and Alessandra Maia de Castro. "Oral health-related quality of life of athletes with disabilities: a cross sectional study." Bioscience Journal 37 (January 20, 2021): e37008. http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/bj-v37n0a2021-53664.

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Several studies have suggested that athletes with disabilities experience more difficulties having access to oral health care than the population in general. The aim of this study was to estimate the impact of socio-demographic/socio-economic factors, oral hygiene habits and clinical oral health conditions on the OHRQoL – Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (assessed with the Oral Health Impact Profile 14 – OHIP-14) on a sample of athletes with heterogeneous types of disabilities. Altogether, 105 athletes with disabilities were evaluated. Cross-sectional data was collected including interviews

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Ramirez, Carole, Véronique Christophe, Charlotte Dassonneville, and Delphine Grynberg. "Caregivers’ quality of life and psychological health in response to functional, cognitive, neuropsychiatric and social deficits of patients with brain tumour: protocol for a cross-sectional study." BMJ Open 7, no. 10 (2017): e016308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016308.

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IntroductionPatients with gliomas generally present cognitive, neuropsychiatric and functional deficits. Although previous research has shown that their caregivers present a poor quality of life and poor mental health, only a few studies have tested in a comprehensive way which deficits/preserved abilities of patients predominantly impact their caregivers. Furthermore, only a few studies have focused on the social impact of gliomas, which may also damage the caregivers’ quality of life. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aims to investigate which patients’ impairments are particularly delet

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Luo, Na, Martijn Van Heel, and Karla Van Leeuwen. "Perspectives of Early Adolescents, Parents, and Grandparents on Parenting Behaviors in China." Journal of Early Adolescence 40, no. 8 (2020): 1244–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272431620912476.

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In China, both parents and grandparents play an important role in child-rearing. However, it is unclear whether parenting behaviors reported by early adolescents, parents, and grandparents are comparable. Therefore, this study investigated (a) cross-generational validity of reporting (grand)parenting behavior based on perspectives of adolescents, parents, and grandparents; (b) mean differences in parenting across informants; and (c) how (grand)parenting is related to adolescent’s problem behaviors. The sample included 1,149 early adolescents, 1,038 mothers, 926 fathers, and 248 grandparents. C

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N, Lamichhane, Thapa D.K, and Tamrakar B.K. "Quality of life in substance dependence syndrome." Asian Journal of Health Sciences 1, no. 1 (2013): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15419/ajhs.v1i1.414.

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Euphoriant or consciousness altering substance is detrimental to the quality of life of the users. However, due to paucity of studies it is difficult to draw an overall picture of the connection between substance use and quality of life. Fishtail Hospital and Research Centre Pvt. Ltd is located at Pokhara. It is a well-known region in Nepal which has high prevalence of the substance dependence and thus warrants certain effective strategies to address this public health problem. This is a cross- sectional, descriptive hospital based study. After informed consent by administering a semi-structur

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Vanegas, Emanuel, Miguel Felix, German D. Ramon, et al. "Influence of alexithymia on the management of Latin American patients with asthma: A cross-sectional study." SAGE Open Medicine 8 (January 2020): 205031212093091. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050312120930913.

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Objectives: In asthmatic patients, studies suggest that alexithymia leads to negative consequences and emotions that can affect physical, psychological, and social aspects of life. We designed this study to determine the frequency of alexithymia in Latin American patients with asthma, as well as to understand how this personality trait and each of its components interact with asthma severity and demographic variables, and their implications on treatment adherence and disease control under such setting. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study, involving 265 Latin American patients with as

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Cheung, Kin, Jeremy Ng, Hilda Tsang, Kelvin K. L. Pang, C. L. Johnny Wan, and Kristin Moser. "Factors Affecting Direct and Transfer Entrants’ Active Coping and Satisfaction with the University." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 8 (2020): 2803. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082803.

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Psychological wellbeing is vital to public health. University students are the future backbone of the society. Direct and transfer entrants might encounter different adjustment issues in their transition from secondary school or community college to university studies. However, worldwide, the factors affecting their active coping and satisfaction with the university are currently unknown. The purpose of this study was to address this gap. Nine-hundred-and-seventy-eight direct entrants and 841 transfer entrants, recruited by convenience sampling, completed a cross-sectional survey study in 2018

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Damone, Anna L., Anju E. Joham, Deborah Loxton, Arul Earnest, Helena J. Teede, and Lisa J. Moran. "Depression, anxiety and perceived stress in women with and without PCOS: a community-based study." Psychological Medicine 49, no. 09 (2018): 1510–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291718002076.

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AbstractBackgroundPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with increased psychological distress in clinical populations. We aimed to assess depression, anxiety and perceived stress in women with and without PCOS in a large community-based sample and investigate the role of stress in contributing to and mediating the relationship between PCOS, depression and anxiety.MethodsA cross-sectional analysis was performed from the Australian Longitudinal Study of Women's Health (ALWSH) comparing women with (n = 478) or without (n = 8134) a self-reported diagnosis of PCOS. Main outcome measures we

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Bersani, F. S., O. Wolkowitz, and E. Epel. "A Phenotype Of Resiliency? Cross-Sectional Psychobiological Differences Between Caregivers Who Are Vulnerable vs. Resilient To Depression, And Controls." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (2016): S524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1940.

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IntroductionBeing a caregiver of chronically ill children is a source of chronic-psychological stress affecting general physical and mental health. However, there is tremendous variance among caregivers: some may develop stress-related depression, whereas others are more “resilient”. The objective of the study was to phenotypically differentiate on psychobiology caregivers who developed depressive symptoms (“vulnerable”) vs. those who did not (“resilient”) from each other and from age-matched controls.MethodsForty-five mothers of chronically-ill children and 18 controls have been examined. Car

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Gemmati, Donato, Katia Varani, Barbara Bramanti, et al. "“Bridging the Gap” Everything that Could Have Been Avoided If We Had Applied Gender Medicine, Pharmacogenetics and Personalized Medicine in the Gender-Omics and Sex-Omics Era." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 1 (2019): 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21010296.

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Gender medicine is the first step of personalized medicine and patient-centred care, an essential development to achieve the standard goal of a holistic approach to patients and diseases. By addressing the interrelation and integration of biological markers (i.e., sex) with indicators of psychological/cultural behaviour (i.e., gender), gender medicine represents the crucial assumption for achieving the personalized health-care required in the third millennium. However, ‘sex’ and ‘gender’ are often misused as synonyms, leading to frequent misunderstandings in those who are not deeply involved i

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Gierl, Mark J., and Samira ElAtia. "Book Review: Adapting Educational and Psychological Tests for Cross-Cultural Assessment." Applied Psychological Measurement 31, no. 1 (2007): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146621606288556.

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Spielberger, Charles D. "Cross-Cultural Assessment of Emotional States and Personality Traits." European Psychologist 11, no. 4 (2006): 297–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040.11.4.297.

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Biographical information regarding Wilhelm Wundt and William James is briefly described, and the contributions of these founders of psychology in Europe and the US to the understanding of emotions and personality are reviewed. Important theoretical contributions of Darwin and Freud to the historical evolution of emotions and personality as psychological constructs are also examined. Critical issues and sources of error in the cross-cultural adaptation of psychological tests of emotional states and personality traits are evaluated, emphasizing the importance of construct equivalence in the lang

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Chen, Ching-Fu, and Ting Yu. "Effects of positive vs negative forces on the burnout-commitment-turnover relationship." Journal of Service Management 25, no. 3 (2014): 388–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/josm-01-2012-0003.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine relationships among job demands, job resources, burnout, organizational commitment, and staff turnover intentions in a volunteer workforce setting. Design/methodology/approach – To test empirically the positive and negative forces on the burnout – commitment – turnover relationship, this study uses 190 questionnaires collected from museum volunteers who also hold paid service jobs. The data were analysed using structural equation modelling. Findings – Consistent with previous studies, both job demands and job resources have significant impacts

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Margaretha, Christine, Widodo Sarjana, Suharto Suharto, and Innawati Jusup. "Relationship between Quality of Life, Depression, and Participation in Elderly Integrated Health Service Post among Older Adults." Nurse Media Journal of Nursing 11, no. 2 (2021): 144–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/nmjn.v11i2.33500.

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Background: Older adults are susceptible to worsened quality of life (QOL) and depression due to aging. Elderly integrated health service post (EIHSP) is community-based health care that aims to improve older adults’ health; however, not all older adults participate in this health service.Purpose: This study was conducted to assess the relationship between the QOL, depression level, and older adults’ participation in EIHSP.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 102 older adults in a community-dwelling area in Semarang, Indonesia. Respondents were recruited using a total samplin

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Stankovic, Biljana, Aleksandar Baucal, and Tania Zittoun. "Uses of symbolic resources in youth: Moving from qualitative to quantitative approach." Psihologija 42, no. 4 (2009): 437–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/psi0904437s.

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Youth is a period of intense changes during which young people engage in various transitions resulting in theirs acquisition of a longer time perspective and a system of orientation, enabling to set priorities and values, and to guide their actions accordingly. In a socio-cultural theoretical background, both the establishment of values and the ability to think time require some psychological distancing from the here and now, distancing which is foremost enabled by semiotic mediation. In our former studies on youth transitions, we observed that young people may use songs, movies, arts, or nove

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Arana, Fernán G., Mariana C. Miracco, Marina S. Galarregui, and Eduardo G. Keegan. "A Brief Cognitive Behavioural Intervention for Maladaptive Perfectionism in Students: A Pilot Study." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 45, no. 5 (2017): 537–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465817000406.

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Background:Researchers focused on developing therapeutic strategies for perfectionism given its well-established link to the onset and maintenance of several mental disorders. Meta-analytical findings provided support for the efficacy of cognitive behavioural (CB) approaches. However, most studies have focused on the efficacy of interventions, without analysing their efficiency.Aims:To explore the feasibility of a brief (five weekly sessions) CB group intervention focused on reducing perfectionistic concerns in Argentine students. We also aimed to identify participants who benefited from the i

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Loughan, Ashlee, Sarah Braun, Mariya Husain, Farah Aslanzadeh, Rachel Boutte, and Autumn Lanoye. "QOLP-06. EXISTENTIAL DISTRESS: UNADDRESSED CONCERNS FOR ADULT NEURO-ONCOLOGY PATIENTS." Neuro-Oncology 21, Supplement_6 (2019): vi198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz175.826.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Primary brain tumor (PBT) patients may experience existential distress including fear of cancer recurrence and death anxiety; however, to date few have examined this issue. The objectives of this study were twofold: first, to systematically review PBT representation in the psycho-oncology literature on existential distress, and second, to preliminarily assess the prevalence and correlates of existential distress in a sample of PBT patients. PRIMARY OBJECTIVE METHODS/ RESULTS Three databases (PsycINFO, PubMed, and CINAHL) were systematically searched to identify articles mea

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SLONE, MICHELLE, MICHAL ADIRI, and AVIV ARIAN. "Adverse Political Events and Psychological Adjustment: Two Cross-Cultural Studies." Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 37, no. 10 (1998): 1058–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199810000-00016.

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Wahyuningrum, Eka, Natalia Ratna Yulianti, and Andri K. Gayatina. "Factors Affecting Sleep Problems in Preschoolers." Nurse Media Journal of Nursing 10, no. 2 (2020): 107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/nmjn.v10i2.26649.

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Abstract (sommario):

Background: Sleep problems are self-care deficits of sleep experienced by more than 44% of preschoolers. Some studies have showed that physical, psychological, family, environmental, and temperamental factors could cause sleep problems among children. However, other research showed that there is no correlation between sleep problems and environmental factors. There are pro-cons regarding the causes of sleep problems. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze factors affecting sleep problems among preschoolers.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 297 preschoolers selecte

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Lakeh, Nasrin Mokhtari, Fataneh Bakhshi, Ehsan Kazemnezhad Leyli, and Raziyeh Sahranavard. "Investigating the factors related to the tendency to have rhinoplasty in candidates visiting educational and medical centers in the city of Rasht in 2019." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 7 (2021): 2103–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs211572103.

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Introduction: Aesthetics is a value for the current Iranian society, leading to a competition to become more beautiful. According to global studies, Iran has the highest rate of cosmetic surgery in the world. Aim: The present study aims to investigate and determine the factors related to the tendency to have rhinoplasty in candidates visiting educational and medical centers in Rasht. Materials and Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional study in which 230 samples for rhinoplasty were selected based on the gradual visits to be accepted as candidates. Data collection tools include demogr

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Faruquie, Sahrish Sonia, Elizabeth Kumiko Parker, and Peter Talbot. "Evaluation of patient quality of life and satisfaction with home enteral feeding and oral nutrition support services: a cross-sectional study." Australian Health Review 40, no. 6 (2016): 605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah15083.

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Objective The aims of the present study, in home enteral nutrition (HEN) patients, were to assess patient satisfaction with the service and quality of life (QOL) scores, and to compare QOL scores in HEN patients with general Australian population values. Methods Self-administered voluntary questionnaires for the present cross-sectional study were mailed out to 322 eligible participants registered with HEN for >5 months. The questionnaires used included a patient satisfaction survey and a validated QOL questionnaire. Data analysis consisted of cross-tabulation, Chi-squared tests and t-tests.

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Kanter, Julie, Amber L. Allison, Caitlin Henry, et al. "The Cambridge Automated Neuropsychological Testing Automated Battery (CANTAB) Is Feasible and Valuable for the Evaluation of Neurocognitive Deficits in Pediatric Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: Results of a Pilot Study." Blood 118, no. 21 (2011): 4839. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.4839.4839.

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Abstract Abstract 4839 Background: As children with sickle cell disease (SCD) are at significant risk for neurocognitive complications, an automated and objective measure of neurocognitive functioning would address several challenges facing both clinical and research progress in SCD including longitudinal monitoring of deficits, cross-site comparability of neurocognitive tests in multicenter trials, and limited access to pediatric neuropsychologists. The Cambridge Automated Neuropsychological Testing Automated Battery (CANTAB) is a well-validated computerized test with significant normative da

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Fiksenbaum, Lisa, Zdravko Marjanovic, and Esther Greenglass. "Financial threat and individuals’ willingness to change financial behavior." Review of Behavioral Finance 9, no. 2 (2017): 128–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rbf-09-2016-0056.

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Purpose Financial threat is defined as fearful-anxious uncertainty regarding one’s current and future financial situation. The purpose of this paper is to examine predictors and outcomes of financial threat in two samples of students who completed an online questionnaire for course credit. The theoretical model the authors proposed tested the association between personal debt, anxiety, and economic hardship with financial threat, and in turn, financial threat’s relationship with willingness to change financial behavior (e.g. increase income, cut expenses, and reduce debt), job search activity,

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