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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Radiation interception"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 6 luglio 2024

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1

Groot, Arthur. "A model to estimate light interception by tree crowns, applied to black spruce." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 34, no. 4 (April 1, 2004): 788–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x03-242.

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CORONA is a spatially explicit model designed to efficiently estimate the quantity of shortwave radiation intercepted by individual tree crowns. Radiation interception is determined from intersections of light rays with tree crowns for rays originating throughout the sky hemisphere. CORONA comprises a flexible, asymmetric description of crowns, a computationally efficient ray-tracing procedure, numerical solution of ray × crown intersections, and several alternative within-crown light interception functions. The interception functions were calibrated and evaluated in two plots located in black

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2

Steven, M. D., P. V. Biscoe, K. W. Jaggard, and J. Paruntu. "Foliage cover and radiation interception." Field Crops Research 13 (January 1986): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4290(86)90012-2.

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3

A. K. MISHRA, PADMAKAR TRIPATHI, R. K. PAL, and S. R. MISHRA. "Light interception and radiation use efficiency of wheat varieties as influenced by number of irrigations." Journal of Agrometeorology 11, no. 2 (December 1, 2009): 140–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.54386/jam.v11i2.1240.

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An experiment was conducted during rabi seasons of 2002-03 and 2003-04 to quantify the light interception and radiation use efficiency for three wheat varieties as affected by variable number of irrigations with the combination of three wheat varieties viz., HUW-234, HD-2285 and PBW-154. The light interception increased successively till 90 days after sowing (DAS) and thereafter a gradual decrease was observed till maturity of the crop. Four irrigations given at CRI, late tillering, late jointing and ear head formation stages showed highest radiation interception followed by three and two irri

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4

J. S. BRAR, J. S. BAL, and SOM PAL SINGH. "Radiant energy distribution in guava (Psidium guajava L.) plants at different spacings." Journal of Agrometeorology 11, no. 2 (December 1, 2009): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.54386/jam.v11i2.1239.

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The study on radiant energy distribution in guava was carried out to optimize the planting density with respect to solar radiation interception by the plants to get higher yield of good quality fruits per unit area. The present investigations reveals that with increase in plant spacing from 6x2m to 6x4m the interception of radiation increased significantly during both rainy and winter crop seasons. However, it starts declining with further increase in plant spacing to 6x5m level. The interception of radiation remains somewhat static during the summer and rainy season months (May-September) and

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Olesen, Trevor, Stephen Morris, and Lisa McFadyen. "Modelling the interception of photosynthetically active radiation by evergreen subtropical hedgerows." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 58, no. 3 (2007): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar06110.

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Horticultural tree crop yields tend to be linearly correlated with the percentage of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) intercepted by the canopies, at least for part of the PAR interception range. Models of PAR interception by hedgerows have been used in the design of orchards for temperate tree crops, especially apples, but not for subtropical tree crops, such as lychee and macadamia. Subtropical crops need special consideration because of the latitudes at which they are grown, the specific shapes and dimensions of the hedgerows, and the evergreen habit, which requires an understandin

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6

Heath, M. C., and P. D. Hebblethwaite. "Precision drilling combining peas (Pisum sativum L.) of contrasting leaf types at varying densities." Journal of Agricultural Science 108, no. 2 (April 1987): 425–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600079466.

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SummaryField experiments were conducted in 1983–4 to investigate the effect of precision drilling and plant density on establishment, growth, radiation interception and yield of combining peas of varying leaf phenotype (Varieties ‘Birte’, leafed; ‘Filby’, leafless; and ‘BS3’, semi-leafless). Precision drilling established a more uniform plant distribution than øyjord drilling; visual differences observed soon after emergence were not observed at flowering. Precision drilling resulted in more radiation interception early in the season for semi-leafless but not leafed peas; dry-matter production

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7

Cannell, M. G. R., R. Milne, L. J. Sheppard, and M. H. Unsworth. "Radiation Interception and Productivity of Willow." Journal of Applied Ecology 24, no. 1 (April 1987): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2403803.

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8

Zeng, Wenzhi, Yuchao Lu, Amit Kumar Srivastava, Thomas Gaiser, and Jiesheng Huang. "Parameter Sensitivity and Uncertainty of Radiation Interception Models for Intercropping System." Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 27, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 437–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eces-2020-0028.

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AbstractEstimating the interception of radiation is the first and crucial step for the prediction of production for intercropping systems. Determining the relative importance of radiation interception models to the specific outputs could assist in developing suitable model structures, which fit to the theory of light interception and promote model improvements. Assuming an intercropping system with a taller and a shorter crop, a variance-based global sensitivity analysis (EFAST) was applied to three radiation interception models (M1, M2 and M3). The sensitivity indices including main (Si) and

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9

Bennett, J. M., T. R. Sinclair, Li Ma, and K. J. Boote. "Single Leaf Carbon Exchange and Canopy Radiation Use Efficiency of Four Peanut Cultivars1." Peanut Science 20, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/i0095-3679-20-1-1.

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Abstract Knowledge of the interception of solar radiation by crop canopies and the use of that radiation for carbon assimilation is essential for understanding crop growth and yield as a function of the environment. A field experiment was conducted in 1990 at Gainesville, FL to determine if differences in single leaf carbon exchange rate (CER), canopy radiation interception, radiation use efficiency (g dry matter produced per unit of solar radiation intercepted), and increase in seed harvest index with time exist among several commonly grown peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars. Four cultiva

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10

Connor, David J., Ana Centeno, and María Gómez-del-Campo. "Yield determination in olive hedgerow orchards. II. Analysis of radiation and fruiting profiles." Crop and Pasture Science 60, no. 5 (2009): 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp08253.

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Profiles of fruit density, fruit size, and oil content were measured on 12 occasions in 7 olive orchards in Spain and 2 in Australia. Orchard structure varied widely. Height ranged from 2.0 to 5.5 m, row spacing from 3 to 6 m, and canopy width from 0.7 to 3 m. Most orchards were oriented north–south (N–S) but one in Spain was oriented close to east–west (E–W) (20° NE–SW). All orchards in Spain were cv. Arbequina, and in Australia they were cvv. Barnea and Picual. Analyses with a model of interception and transmission that estimated interception by individual sides of hedgerows revealed that fr

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11

Li, Lin, Rosalind A. Bueckert, Yantai Gan, and Tom Warkentin. "Light interception and radiation use efficiency of fern- and unifoliate-leaf chickpea cultivars." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 88, no. 6 (November 1, 2008): 1025–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps07056.

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A chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) crop with rapid leaf development, high solar radiation interception, and efficient use of radiation can maximize the yield potential in a short-season typical of the Northern Great Plains. This study determined the effects of cultivars varying in leaf architecture on light interception (LI) and radiation use efficiency (RUE) in chickpea. Six kabuli chickpea cultivars with fern and unifoliate-leaf traits were grown under low (45 plants m-2) and high (85 plants m-2) population density at Saskatoon and Swift Current, Saskatchewan, in 2003 and 2004. Fern-leaf cultiv

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12

Zhu, Binglin, Fusang Liu, Ziwen Xie, Yan Guo, Baoguo Li, and Yuntao Ma. "Quantification of light interception within image-based 3-D reconstruction of sole and intercropped canopies over the entire growth season." Annals of Botany 126, no. 4 (March 17, 2020): 701–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcaa046.

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Abstract Background and Aims Light interception is closely related to canopy architecture. Few studies based on multi-view photography have been conducted in a field environment, particularly studies that link 3-D plant architecture with a radiation model to quantify the dynamic canopy light interception. In this study, we combined realistic 3-D plant architecture with a radiation model to quantify and evaluate the effect of differences in planting patterns and row orientations on canopy light interception. Methods The 3-D architectures of maize and soybean plants were reconstructed for sole c

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13

Wallace, J. S. "Evaporation and radiation interception by neighbouring plants." Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 123, no. 543 (October 1997): 1885–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.49712354306.

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14

Goyne, PJ, SP Milroy, JM Lilley, and JM Hare. "Radiation interception, radiation use efficiency and growth of barley cultivars." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 44, no. 6 (1993): 1351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9931351.

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Dry matter production and utilization of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) was studied for barley (Hordeurn vulgare L.) in the field at Hermitage Research Station, Qld. In 1990, four cultivars (Gilbert, Tallon, Grimmett, Skiff) were sown at three times and grown with non-limiting soil moisture. In 1991, soil moisture limitations were imposed on one sowing of the cultivar Grimmett. The radiation extinction coefficient (k) was 0.41�0.02 and did not vary with cultivar, time of sowing or soil moisture availability. Radiation use efficiency (RUE) (based on absorbed PAR and above-ground dry

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15

Bélanger, G., and J. E. Richards. "Growth analysis of timothy cultivars differing in maturity." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 75, no. 3 (July 1, 1995): 643–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps95-109.

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The delay in ear emergence or heading between early and late-maturing timothy (Phleum pratense L.) cultivars can be up to 3 wk. The objective of this study was to determine the relative importance of radiation interception and radiation-use efficiency in the differences in shoot growth between early and late-maturing timothy cultivars. During the primary growth in 1991 and 1992, four timothy cultivars differing in maturity were compared for shoot growth, leaf area development, radiation interception and radiation-use efficiency using weekly samplings. Stem elongation of early-maturing cultivar

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16

Yoon, Hyo In, Hyun Young Kim, Jaewoo Kim, Myung-Min Oh, and Jung Eek Son. "Quantitative Analysis of UV-B Radiation Interception in 3D Plant Structures and Intraindividual Distribution of Phenolic Contents." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 5 (March 7, 2021): 2701. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22052701.

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Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) acts as a regulatory stimulus, inducing the dose-dependent biosynthesis of phenolic compounds such as flavonoids at the leaf level. However, the heterogeneity of biosynthesis activation generated within a whole plant is not fully understood until now and cannot be interpreted without quantification of UV-B radiation interception. In this study, we analyzed the spatial UV-B radiation interception of kales (Brassica oleracea L. var. Acephala) grown under supplemental UV-B LED using ray-tracing simulation with 3-dimension-scanned models and leaf optical properties. The UV-B-i

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17

Villa, Bruna de, Mirta Teresinha Petry, Maicon Sérgio Nascimento dos Santos, Juliano Dalcin Martins, Isabel Lago, Murilo Brum de Moura, Henrique Schaf Eggers, et al. "Effects of Minimum and Maximum Limits of Solar Radiation and Its Temporal and Geographic Interactions." Journal of Agricultural Science 14, no. 8 (July 15, 2022): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v14n8p173.

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In order to achieve high yields, the use of radiation by agricultural crops must be improved in order to maximize and extend the duration of foliar interception of solar radiation. Appropriately, studies aimed at the understanding and behavior of radiation in plants are extremely relevant. Accordingly, the objective of this study was to approach information about the concepts, radiation availability temporal, geographical, photosynthesis efficiency as a function of leaf arrangement and radiation interception efficiency &times; leaf area index (LAI). Studies aimed at a significant comprehen

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18

Fochesatto, Elizandro, Astor Henrique Nied, Homero Bergamaschi, Genei Antonio Dalmago, Daniele Gutterres Pinto, Samuel Kovaleski, Gilberto Roca da Cunha, and Jorge Alberto Gouvea. "Interception of solar radiation by the productive structures of spring canola hybrids." Ciência Rural 46, no. 10 (July 7, 2016): 1790–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20151571.

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ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to adjust parameters related to the interception of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) by reproductive structures of spring canola, with different nitrogen levels and hybrids. Two field experiments were conducted, being one with different sowing dates and hybrids (Hyola 61 and Hyola 432) and another with doses of 10, 20, 40, 80, 160kg ha-1 of N, applied in top dressing. They were conducted in Passo Fundo and Coxilha, RS, Brazil, in 2011 and 2014, respectively.The evaluated variables were: area index of reproductive structures, interception effic

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19

Dong, Liming, Yuchao Lu, Guoqing Lei, Jiesheng Huang, and Wenzhi Zeng. "Improve the Simulation of Radiation Interception and Distribution of the Strip-Intercropping System by Considering the Geometric Light Transmission." Agronomy 14, no. 1 (January 22, 2024): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14010227.

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Intercropping radiation interception model is a promising tool for quantifying solar energy utilization in the intercropping system. However, few models have been proposed that can simulate intercropping radiation interception accurately and with simplicity. This study proposed a new statistical model (DRT model), which enables the simulation of daily radiation distribution by considering the geometric light transmission in the intercropping system. To evaluate model performance, the radiation interception and distribution in two wheat/maize strip intercropping experiments (A and B) were simul

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20

Bauerle, William L., and Joseph D. Bowden. "A Fiberoptic-based System for Integrating Photosynthetically Active Radiation in Plant Canopies." HortScience 39, no. 5 (August 2004): 1027–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.5.1027.

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This report describes a system for integrating photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) using fiberoptics. Many photoelectric sensors or 1-m-long line sensors that integrate individual interception points for spatial averaging were replaced with fiberoptics, which integrate interception points. Depending on the positioning of optical fibers and the amount of fibers terminated at a PAR sensor, whole-plant, canopy layer, and individual leaf light interception can be determined. The use of fiberoptics has the added advantage of being very small in comparison to the bulk of a typical quantum sens

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21

T, Govindaraj, N. Maragatham, S. P. Ramanathan, V. Geethalakshmi, and M. K. Kalarani. "Light interception and radiation use efficiency (RUE) in maize (Zea mays. L) intercropping with greengram (Vigna radiata L.)." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 15, no. 3 (September 19, 2023): 1044–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v15i3.4751.

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Intercropping is growing two or more crop species simultaneously, different canopy architectures by row configuration, changing light interception, radiation utilisation, and increased yield. The present study aimed to evaluate different intercropping systems affected light interception per cent and radiation use efficiency in maize (Zea mays L.) intercropping with greengram (Vigna radiata L.) different ratios. Field experiments were conducted for Kharif 2022 and Rabi 2022-2023 seasons, which were laid out in a split-plot design and replicated three times. Three Nitrogen levels viz., N1 - 75 %

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Mahakosee, Supattra, Sanun Jogloy, Nimitr Vorasoot, Piyada Theerakulpisut, Banyong Toomsan, Carl Corley Holbrook, Craig K. Kvien, and Poramate Banterng. "Light Interception and Radiation Use Efficiency of Three Cassava Genotypes with Different Plant Types and Seasonal Variations." Agronomy 12, no. 11 (November 18, 2022): 2888. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12112888.

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The yield potential of cassava might be increased by enhancing light interception and the ability to convert energy into biomass and yield, which is described as radiation use efficiency (RUE). The objective of this study was to determine light interception, extinction coefficient (k), and RUE of three cassava genotypes (Kasetsart 50 (KU50), Rayong 11 (RY11), and CMR38-125-77) under seasonal variations. The field experiments were conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications, using two planting dates for 2 years at Khon Kaen, Thailand. Data were recorded for weather co

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., Lanuakum, Graceli I. Yepthomi, and C. S. Maiti. "Effect of Radiation Interception and Canopy Temperature on Growth, Yield and Quality in Banana Cv. Grande Naine (AAA) under Different Planting Densities." Journal of Horticultural Sciences 10, no. 2 (December 31, 2015): 172–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v10i2.125.

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A study was made to test the effect of radiation interception and canopy temperature under different planting densities [T1- 1.5m x 1.5m (4,444 plants/ha); T2- 2m x 2m (2500 plants/ha); T3- 1.5m x 2.5m (2666 plants/ha); T4- 2m x 2.5m (2000 plants/ha); T5- 2.5m x 2.5m (1600 plants/ha)] on growth, yield and quality in banana cv. Grande Naine. With an increase in planting density, plant height increased significantly. Pseudostem was tallest in the closest spacing, viz., 1.5m x 1.5m (T1), and was shortest in the widest spacing, 2.5m x 2.5m (T5). T1 treatment (1.5m x 1.5m) recorded the least averag

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Lampinen, Bruce D., Vasu Udompetaikul, Gregory T. Browne, Samuel G. Metcalf, William L. Stewart, Loreto Contador, Claudia Negrón, and Shrini K. Upadhyaya. "A Mobile Platform for Measuring Canopy Photosynthetically Active Radiation Interception in Orchard Systems." HortTechnology 22, no. 2 (April 2012): 237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.22.2.237.

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A mobile platform was developed for measuring midday canopy photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) interception in orchards. The results presented are for almond (Prunus dulcis) and walnut (Juglans regia), but the mobile platform can be used in other orchard crops as well. The mobile platform is adjustable to accommodate orchard row spacing from 4.8 to 7.8 m and is equipped with a global positioning satellite (GPS) receiver and radar for positional assessment as well as three IR thermometers for measuring soil surface temperature. Data from the mobile platform are logged at 10 Hz and stored

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Gong, Hong Wei, Zhong Yuan Wang, Xuan Yan, and Huan Fu. "Theory of Solar Hot Water System Construction Application Engineering Evaluation Field Test Method - The Amount of Solar Irradiance Intercept Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 737 (March 2015): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.737.71.

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In the energy efficiency evaluation of renewable energy, in order to confirm the application of solar hot water system of building practical application effect, on-site testing is needed for solar water heating system. During the short term test, in order to improve the testing progress and to reduce the input, the relevant standard proposes the "solar radiation interception method". This paper mainly contrasts and analyzes the results deviation of "solar radiation interception method" in the actual test application. It also improveds the testing methods and testing precision.

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Groot, Arthur. "Biases in LI-COR Plant Canopy Analyzer estimates of seasonal light interception by black spruce and trembling aspen canopies." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 35, no. 11 (November 1, 2005): 2664–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x05-184.

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This article examines four sources of bias in the estimation of seasonal light interception by black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) and trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) canopies using the LI-COR LAI-2000 Plant Canopy Analyzer: (i) geometric averaging of gap fractions, (ii) unrepresentative elevation angle intervals for radiation detectors, (iii) assumption of isotropic radiance distribution, and (iv) inclusion of light intercepted by stems in the estimate of canopy light interception. Bias source i caused overestimates of canopy light interception, source ii caused underestimat

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Daniells, J. W. "MEASUREMENT OF SOLAR RADIATION INTERCEPTION BY TREE CROPS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 175 (March 1986): 255–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1986.175.37.

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Díaz-Espejo, A., J. E. Fernández, P. J. Durán, I. F. Girón, H. Sinoquet, G. Sonohat, J. Phattaralerphong, et al. "CANOPY ARCHITECTURE AND RADIATION INTERCEPTION MEASUREMENTS IN OLIVE." Acta Horticulturae, no. 791 (June 2008): 531–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2008.791.82.

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Whelan, H. G., and R. E. Gaunt. "Disease effects on radiation interception in barley crops." Proceedings of the New Zealand Weed and Pest Control Conference 42 (January 8, 1989): 217–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.1989.42.10955.

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Manrique, L. A., J. R. Kinry, T. Hodges, and D. S. Axness. "Dry Matter Production and Radiation Interception of Potato." Crop Science 31, no. 4 (July 1991): 1044–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1991.0011183x003100040040x.

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Pang, Ce, Gan-lin Shan, Wei-ning Ma, and Gong-guo Xu. "Sensor radiation interception risk control in target tracking." Defence Technology 16, no. 3 (June 2020): 695–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2019.10.014.

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Zhang, Yingyu, Juan Yang, Marinus van Haaften, Linyi Li, Shenglian Lu, Weiliang Wen, Xiuguo Zheng, Jian Pan, and Tingting Qian. "Interactions between Diffuse Light and Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Canopy Structure, Simulations of Light Interception in Virtual Canopies." Agronomy 12, no. 3 (February 28, 2022): 602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12030602.

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Plant photosynthesis and biomass production are associated with the amount of intercepted light, especially the light distribution inside the canopy. Three virtual canopies (n = 80, 3.25 plants/m2) were constructed based on average leaf size of the digitized plant structures: ‘small leaf’ (98.1 cm2), ‘medium leaf’ (163.0 cm2) and ‘big leaf’ (241.6 cm2). The ratios of diffuse light were set in three gradients (27.8%, 48.7%, 89.6%). The simulations of light interception were conducted under different ratios of diffuse light, before and after the normalization of incident radiation. With 226.1% m

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Pan, Yonghui, Shuai Gao, Kailiu Xie, Zhifeng Lu, Xusheng Meng, Shiyu Wang, Jianwei Lu, and Shiwei Guo. "Higher Radiation Use Efficiency Produces Greater Biomass Before Heading and Grain Yield in Super Hybrid Rice." Agronomy 10, no. 2 (February 2, 2020): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10020209.

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To reveal the physiological mechanism underlying the yield advantage of super hybrid rice compared with inbred super rice, a super hybrid rice cultivar Yliangyou 3218 (YLY) and an inbred super rice cultivar Zhendao 11 (ZD) were field grown under five nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates in 2016 and 2017. The average grain yield of YLY across nitrogen fertilizer rates was 10.1 t ha−1 in 2016 and 9.7 t ha−1 in 2017, 29.6% and 21.3% higher than that of ZD in 2016 and 2017, respectively. YLY showed higher above-ground biomass accumulation, especially growth before heading, which was mainly due to its fas

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Al-hazmi, Manea H., Alan N. Lakso, and Steven S. Denning. "EFFECTS OF TRELLIS FORM ON RADIATION INTERCEPTION WATER USE AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN GRAPEVINES." HortScience 28, no. 5 (May 1993): 570c—570. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.28.5.570c.

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Manipulating radiation interception by using horizontal and vertical trellis forms was tested for effects on water loss and photosynthesis on sunny days. Water loss from 15 potted Pinot Noir vines of each form was estimated by weighing the vines at two hour intervals during the day. Radiation interception for vines and gas exchange of individual exposed leaves was measured over the day to evaluate the leaf activity patterns in relation to exposure patterns. Similarly, diurnal whole vine photosynthesis measurements were taken by using clear plastic “balloon” whole vine chambers. The horizontal

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McCrady, R. L., and E. J. Jokela. "Canopy Dynamics, Light Interception, and Radiation Use Efficiency of Selected Loblolly Pine Families." Forest Science 44, no. 1 (February 1, 1998): 64–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/44.1.64.

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Abstract Needlefall, aboveground net primary production (ANPP), canopy light interception and attenuation, and "radiation use efficiency" of five open-pollinated loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) families were investigated using 100-tree family block plots near Summerville, SC. Family variation in annual needlefall amounts was significant during the fourth (from 4796 to 6191 kg ha-1) and fifth growing seasons (from 4717 to 5721 kg ha-1); needlefall patterns for the poorest performing family were asynchronous from those of the others, with notably higher needlefall rates from April to July. Estima

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Hughes, G., J. D. H. Keatinge, P. J. M. Cooper, and N. F. Dee. "Solar radiation interception and utilization by chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) crops in northern Syria." Journal of Agricultural Science 108, no. 2 (April 1987): 419–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600079454.

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SummaryAn analysis of chickpea experiments carried out in northern Syria during the 1980–1 and 1981–2 growing seasons showed that both intercepted solar radiation and its rate of conversion to dry matter were variable components of dry-matter production. Among the sources of variation in the experiments, the most important factor affecting both interception and utilization of solar radiation was site. Winter planting also led to increased solar radiation interception and utilization. Used in conjunction with chickpea lines resistant to blight, winter planting seems likely to lead to increased

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37

Ohashi, Yuta, Misato Murai, Yasuhiro Ishigami, and Eiji Goto. "Light-Intercepting Characteristics and Growth of Tomatoes Cultivated in a Greenhouse Using a Movable Bench System." Horticulturae 8, no. 1 (January 9, 2022): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8010060.

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The objective of this study was to investigate the growth and light-intercepting characteristics of tomatoes when movable benches are used in their cultivation. We cultivated tomatoes in a greenhouse (168 m2) during summer (9 July–9 September 2018) under different furrow distances (F1.0 = 1.0 m and F1.6 = 1.6 m) and movable benches (M indicates that the furrow distance = 0.4–0.8 m). Compared to the other treatments, when the movable bench was used to the change furrow distance depending on the plant growth stage (M treatment), the percentage of canopy light interception increased to ~90% at th

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38

Wu, Zijian, Fei Wang, and Jianjiang Zhou. "Netted Radar Tracking with Multiple Simultaneous Transmissions against Combined PDS Interception." Journal of Sensors 2020 (January 4, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5932539.

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One of the advantages of a netted airborne radar system (NARS) is escaping interception of the passive detection system (PDS) while tracking a target. A significant tactic to realize tracking without PDS interception is to study the low probability of interception (LPI) time of NARS. Firstly, this paper analyses the power, frequency, and platform interception probabilities of a combined PDS consisting of a radar-warning receiver (RWR) and an electronic support measurement (ESM). Secondly, this paper takes interactive multiple models (IMM) to describe the target tracking process and introduces

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Righi, Ciro Abbud, Marcos Silveira Bernardes, Aureny Maria Pereira Lunz, Carlos Rodrigues Pereira, Durval Dourado Neto, and José Laercio Favarin. "Measurement and simulation of solar radiation availability in relation to the growth of coffee plants in an agroforestry system with rubber trees." Revista Árvore 31, no. 2 (April 2007): 195–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-67622007000200002.

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Solar radiation is an important factor for plant growth, being its availability to understory crops strongly modified by trees in an Agroforestry System (AFS). Coffee trees (Coffea arabica - cv. Obatã IAC 1669-20) were planted at a 3.4 x 0.9 m spacing inside and aside rows of monocrops of 12 year-old rubber trees (Hevea spp.), in Piracicaba-SP, Brazil (22º42'30" S, 47º38'00" W - altitude: 546m). One-year-old coffee plants exposed to 25; 30; 35; 40; 45; 80; 90; 95 and 100% of the total solar radiation were evaluated according to its biophysical parameters of solar radiation interception and cap

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Augspurger, Carol K., and Carl F. Salk. "Understory plants evade shading in a temperate deciduous forest amid climate variability by shifting phenology in synchrony with canopy trees." PLOS ONE 19, no. 6 (June 26, 2024): e0306023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0306023.

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Global warming is leading understory and canopy plant communities of temperate deciduous forests to grow leaves earlier in spring and drop them later in autumn. If understory species extend their leafy seasons less than canopy trees, they will intercept less light. We look for mismatched phenological shifts between canopy and understory in 28 years (1995–2022) of weekly data from Trelease Woods, Urbana, IL, USA. The observations cover 31 herb species of contrasting seasonality (for 1995–2017), three sapling species, and the 15 most dominant canopy tree species for all years, combined with sola

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41

Wünsche, Jens N., Alan N. Lakso, and Terence L. Robinson. "Comparison of Four Methods for Estimating Total Light Interception by Apple Trees of Varying Forms." HortScience 30, no. 2 (April 1995): 272–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.2.272.

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Four methods of estimating daily light interception (fisheye photography with image analysis, multiple-light sensors, ceptometer, and point grid) were compared using various apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) tree forms: slender spindle, Y- and T-trellises, and vertical palmette. Interactions of tree form, time of day, and atmospheric conditions with light interception estimates were examined. All methods were highly correlated to each other (r2 > 0.92) for estimated daily mean percent total light interception by the various tree forms, except that the point grid method values were slightly low

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42

Elhakeem, Ali, Wopke van der Werf, and Lammert Bastiaans. "Radiation interception and radiation use efficiency in mixtures of winter cover crops." Field Crops Research 264 (May 2021): 108034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2020.108034.

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43

Ligot, Gauthier, Aitor Ameztegui, Benoît Courbaud, Lluís Coll, and Dan Kneeshaw. "Tree light capture and spatial variability of understory light increase with species mixing and tree size heterogeneity." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 46, no. 7 (July 2016): 968–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2016-0061.

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Mixed and multi-layered forest ecosystems are sometimes more productive than monospecific and single-layered ones. It has been suggested that trees of different species and sizes occupy complementary positions in space, which would act as a mechanism to increase canopy light interception and wood production. However, greater canopy light interception reduces the average amount and variability of transmitted radiation, offering fewer opportunities for all species to regenerate and to maintain forest heterogeneity in the long run. We investigated whether increasing overstory heterogeneity indeed

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44

Mubarak, Syahrun, Impron ,, and Dan Tania June. "Efisiensi Penggunaan Radiasi Matahari dan Respon Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine max L.) terhadap Penggunaan Mulsa Reflektif." Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) 46, no. 3 (January 25, 2019): 247–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.24831/jai.v46i3.18220.

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One of factors affecting the productivity of soybean crop is the availability of solar radiation. Reduction of solar radiation reaching soybean crop by cloud cover especially during rainy season or by shade of trees could potentially decrease soybean production. The availability of radiation for the crop can be increased through the use of reflective mulch to reflect back transmitted radiation to the crop canopy. This study aimed to determine the effect of shade and reflective mulch on crop solar radiation balance and crop productivity responses. A field experiment in Bogor, Indonesia in July

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45

Burstall, Lindsay, and P. M. Harris. "The physiological basis for mixing varieties and seed ‘ages’ in potato crops." Journal of Agricultural Science 106, no. 2 (April 1986): 411–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600064029.

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SUMMARYThree techniques designed to increase radiation interception, and thus yield, in potato crops by extending the duration of the crop canopy were investigated over a period of 2 years. These were: mixing contrasting varieties; mixing seed tubers of contrasting physiological ages of the same variety, and early planting with protection from frost.The first technique was partially successful; increases in total tuber fresh weight of the mixture over either of its components grown alone were recorded but the mixtures generally did not have any advantage in terms of ware yield (40–80 mm tubers

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46

Prihar, S. S., V. K. Arora, G. Singh, and R. Singh. "Estimating Potato Tuber Yield in a Sub-tropical Environment with Simple Radiation-Based Models." Experimental Agriculture 31, no. 1 (January 1995): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700025023.

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SummaryDry matter and tuber yields of potato grown in a sub-tropical environment were estimated employing simple radiation-based models which require meteorological information on air temperature and solar radiation. Two versions of the MacKerron and Waister (1985) model, in which estimation of dry matter accumulation relies on a single composite parameter, radiation use efficiency (RUE), were compared with the Versteeg and Van Keulen (1986) model, which explicitly accounts for temperature and radiation effects on dry matter accumulation. In the original version of the MacKerron and Waister mo

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47

Leach, GJ, and DF Beech. "Response of chickpea accessions to row spacing and plant density on a vertisol on the Darling Downs, south-eastern Queensland. 2. Radiation interception and water use." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 28, no. 3 (1988): 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9880377.

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Abstract (sommario):

Interception of radiation by chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), in a year of below-average rainfall, and water use in both wet and dry years, were studied on a deep vertisol soil at Dalby, south-eastern Queensland. Measurements were made on 4 accessions (cv. Tyson, K223, CPI 56287 and CPI 56289) grown at a number of row spacings. Canopies intercepted less than 20% of incident radiation during the first 70 days after sowing (DAS) in the dry year (1980) before radiation interception reached a peak in mid-September (100 DAS) at about 70% interception in 250 mm rows. Above-ground dry matter was linear

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48

Robinson, Terence L., and Alan N. Lakso. "Bases of Yield and Production Efficiency in Apple Orchard Systems." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 116, no. 2 (March 1991): 188–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.116.2.188.

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Bases of orchard productivity were evaluated in four 10-year-old apple orchard systems (`Empire' and `Redchief Delicious' Malus domestics Borkh. on slender spindle/M.9, Y-trellis/M.26, central leader/M.9/MM.111, and central leader/M.7a). Trunk cross-sectional areas (TCA), canopy dimension and volume, and light interception were measured. Canopy dimension and canopy volume were found to be relatively poor estimators of orchard light interception or yield, especially for the restricted canopy of the Y-trellis. TCA was correlated to both percentage of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) int

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49

Bergamaschi, Homero, Genei Antonio Dalmago, João Ito Bergonci, Cleusa Adriane Menegassi Bianchi Krüger, Bruna Maria Machado Heckler, and Flavia Comiran. "Intercepted solar radiation by maize crops subjected to different tillage systems and water availability levels." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 45, no. 12 (December 2010): 1331–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2010001200001.

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The objective of this work was to evaluate changes in the photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) interception efficiency and PPFD extinction coefficient for maize crop subjected to different soil tillage systems and water availability levels. Crops were subjected to no-tillage and conventional tillage systems combined with full irrigation and non-irrigation treatments. Continuous measurements of transmitted PPFD on the soil surface and incoming PPFD over the canopy were taken throughout the crop cycle. Leaf area index and soil water potential were also measured during the whole period. Cons

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50

Herrero, Alicia, Santiago Moll, José-A. Moraño, David Vázquez, and Erika Vega. "Iterative Lambert’s Trajectory Optimization for Extrasolar Bodies Interception." Aerospace 8, no. 12 (November 27, 2021): 366. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace8120366.

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Interception of extrasolar objects is one of the major current astrophysical objectives since it allows gathering information on the formation and composition of other planetary systems. This paper develops a tool to design optimal orbits for the interception of these bodies considering the effects of different perturbation sources. The optimal trajectory is obtained by solving a Lambert’s problem that gives the required initial impulse. A numerical integration of a perturbed orbital model is calculated. This model considers the perturbations of the joint action of the gravitational potentials

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