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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Radiative and effective properties"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 7 luglio 2024

Ultima modifica: 31 luglio 2025

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1

Cathey, H. M. "Scientific balloon effective radiative properties." Advances in Space Research 21, no. 7 (1998): 979–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0273-1177(97)01084-3.

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2

Zhang, Chongshan, Abraham Kribus, and Rami Ben-Zvi. "Effective Radiative Properties of a Cylinder Array." Journal of Heat Transfer 124, no. 1 (2001): 198–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1423317.

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Fully anisotropic problems are found where the radiative interaction is due to small-scale elements that lack spherical symmetry, for example: fibrous insulation, finned heat sinks, plant canopies, and some solar energy absorbers. We present the effective bulk optical properties of a PM composed of small-scale opaque cylinders. The properties are derived from data generated by detailed Monte-Carlo numerical experiments. The data reduction procedure is relatively simple and does not require a full solution and optimization of the Radiative Transfer Equation. Benchmark cases are presented, compa

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3

Lee, Wan-Ho, and Richard C. J. Somerville. "Effects of alternative cloud radiation parameterizations in a general circulation model." Annales Geophysicae 14, no. 1 (1996): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-996-0107-6.

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Abstract. Using the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) general circulation model (CCM2), a suite of alternative cloud radiation parameterizations has been tested. Our methodology relies on perpetual July integrations driven by ±2 K sea surface temperature forcing. The tested parameterizations include relative humidity based clouds and versions of schemes involving a prognostic cloud water budget. We are especially interested in testing the effect of cloud optical thickness feedbacks on global climate sensitivity. All schemes exhibit negative cloud radiation feedbacks, i.e., cloud

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4

Bouraoui, Chaima, and Fayçal Ben Nejma. "Identification of the Effective Radiative Properties of Cylindrical Packed Bed Porous Media." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER 19 (January 26, 2024): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232012.2024.19.1.

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Understanding radiative exchange in a porous medium is a crucial step that can provide significant insights and improvements in its characteristics, enhancing its practical utility across various industrial applications. In this paper, a numerical model, utilizing the finite element method (FEM), was developed to predict the radiative transfer between a diffusely/specularly reflecting cylindrical packed bed porous medium and a plane heating surface. Four different structures of the medium were suggested to examine the effect of the particles ‘disposition on the radiative properties of the medi

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5

Kishore, Ravi Anant, Chuck Booten, and Sajith Wijesuriya. "Effective properties of semitransparent radiative cooling materials with spectrally variable properties." Applied Thermal Engineering 205 (March 2022): 118048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2022.118048.

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6

Zelinka, Mark D., Christopher J. Smith, Yi Qin, and Karl E. Taylor. "Comparison of methods to estimate aerosol effective radiative forcings in climate models." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 23, no. 15 (2023): 8879–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8879-2023.

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Abstract. Uncertainty in the effective radiative forcing (ERF) of climate primarily arises from the unknown contribution of aerosols, which impact radiative fluxes directly and through modifying cloud properties. Climate model simulations with fixed sea surface temperatures but perturbed atmospheric aerosol loadings allow for an estimate of how strongly the planet's radiative energy budget has been perturbed by the increase in aerosols since pre-industrial times. The approximate partial radiative perturbation (APRP) technique further decomposes the contributions to the direct forcing due to ae

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7

Lee, Siu-Chun, Susan White, and Jan A. Grzesik. "Effective radiative properties of fibrous composites containing spherical particles." Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer 8, no. 3 (1994): 400–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/3.556.

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8

Yeh, H. Y. M., N. Prasad, and R. F. Adler. "Tabulation of Mie properties for an effective microwave radiative model." Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics 42, no. 2 (1990): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01041758.

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9

Liu, Huan, Yingxin Yang, Atsha Ambar, Zhiqiang Fan, Ying Sun, and Cong Wang. "Cost-Effective Inorganic Multilayer Film for High-Performance Daytime Radiative Cooling." Materials 18, no. 8 (2025): 1729. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18081729.

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Inorganic multilayer films for radiative cooling have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional resistance to photothermal degradation. However, the design and fabrication of structurally simple and cost-effective inorganic multilayer films remain challenging due to limitations in material properties and the preparation process. This study develops a structurally simple inorganic multilayer film (Si3N4/SiO2/Al2O3/Si3N4/Al) for daytime radiative cooling. Instead of the conventional periodic alternation of high and low refractive indices (H-L…H-L), this work proposes a H-L-L-H symm

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10

Jenblat, S. S., and O. V. Volkova. "Estimation of multi-layer coating efficiency for passive radiative cooling." Omsk Scientific Bulletin. Series Aviation-Rocket and Power Engineering 5, no. 2 (2021): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.25206/2588-0373-2021-5-2-37-46.

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Passive radiative cooling is a promising direction in energy conservation and environmental protection. One of the ways to increase the efficiency of radiative cooling systems is the use of multi-layer coatings. In recent years, several novel materials with high emissivity have been proposed, which allow the creation of radiators that provide an average daily cooling power of approximately 100 W/m2 during daytime. Based on the developed mathematical model, the optical properties of the multi-layer coating for the radiative cooling system were evaluated by the Transfer Matrix Method and the eff

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11

MARSHALL, T. J., and D. G. C. MCKEON. "RADIATIVE PROPERTIES OF THE STUECKELBERG MECHANISM." International Journal of Modern Physics A 23, no. 05 (2008): 741–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x08039499.

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We examine the mechanism for generating a mass for a U(1) vector field introduced by Stueckelberg. First, it is shown that renormalization of the vector mass is identical to the renormalization of the vector field on account of gauge invariance. We then consider how the vector mass affects the effective potential in scalar quantum electrodynamics at one-loop order. The possibility of extending this mechanism to couple, in a gauge invariant way, a charged vector field to the photon is discussed.

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12

Finger, Fanny, Frank Werner, Marcus Klingebiel, et al. "Spectral optical layer properties of cirrus from collocated airborne measurements and simulations." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 16, no. 12 (2016): 7681–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-7681-2016.

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Abstract. Spectral upward and downward solar irradiances from vertically collocated measurements above and below a cirrus layer are used to derive cirrus optical layer properties such as spectral transmissivity, absorptivity, reflectivity, and cloud top albedo. The radiation measurements are complemented by in situ cirrus crystal size distribution measurements and radiative transfer simulations based on the microphysical data. The close collocation of the radiative and microphysical measurements, above, beneath, and inside the cirrus, is accomplished by using a research aircraft (Learjet 35A)

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13

Yalcin, Refet Ali, Karl Joulain, and Jèrèmie Drevillon. "Effect of optical properties and micro-structure on radiative cooling performance." EPJ Web of Conferences 309 (2024): 13004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202430913004.

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The performance of radiative coolers are directly affected by their constituting materials’ optical properties and micro-structures. Here, we investigate the effects of optical properties and microstructure on radiative cooling performance, namely solar reflectance and emittance at 9-13 μm region. The aim is to provide guidance to reach the ideal radiative cooler. Inspected phenomena are included but not limited to Mie resonance, light scattering, effective medium theory.

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14

Borges dos Santos, Marcelo, Luís Mauro Moura, and Dominique Baillis. "Identification of the Radiative Parameters-Albedo and Optical Thickness—Of the Juncus maritimus Fiber." Materials 16, no. 5 (2023): 1891. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16051891.

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The present work aims to characterize the radiative thermal properties albedo and optical thickness of Juncus maritimus fibers using a FTIR spectrometer. Measurements of normal/directional transmittance and normal and hemispherical reflectance are performed. The numerical determination of the radiative properties is conducted through the computational treatment of the Radiative Transfer Equation (RTE) using the Discrete Ordinate Method (DOM), together with the inverse method, which is done through Gauss linearization. As it is a non-linear system, iterative calculations are necessary, which de

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15

Ganbold, Gurjav. "Charmonium radiative transitions, meson and glueball particle properties with the effective strong coupling." EPJ Web of Conferences 204 (2019): 08002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201920408002.

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The particle properties of conventional mesons and scalar glueball, radiative transitions of charmonium excited states χcJ (J = 0, 1, 2) are studied in the framework of relativistic quark models with infrared confinement by taking into account the mass dependence of the effective strong coupling. A specific behaviour of the mass-dependent strong coupling with a freezing point αs (0) = 1.032 has been revealed. The spectrum and leptonic (weak) decay constants of conventional mesons have been calculated in good agreement with the latest experimental data. New estimates on the scalar glueball mass

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16

Chen, Y. B., Z. M. Zhang, and P. J. Timans. "Radiative Properties of Patterned Wafers With Nanoscale Linewidth." Journal of Heat Transfer 129, no. 1 (2006): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2401201.

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Abstract Temperature nonuniformity is a critical problem in rapid thermal processing (RTP) of wafers because it leads to uneven diffusion of implanted dopants and introduces thermal stress. One cause of the problem is nonuniform absorption of thermal radiation, especially in patterned wafers, where the optical properties vary across the wafer surface. Recent developments in RTP have led to the use of millisecond-duration heating cycle, which is too short for thermal diffusion to even out the temperature distribution. The feature size is already below 100nm and is smaller than the wavelength (2

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17

Szczap, Frédéric, Harumi Isaka, Marcel Saute, Bernard Guillemet, and Andrey Ioltukhovski. "Effective radiative properties of bounded cascade absorbing clouds: Definition of an effective single-scattering albedo." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 105, no. D16 (2000): 20635–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000jd900145.

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18

Li, Ming, Husi Letu, Yiran Peng, et al. "Investigation of ice cloud modeling capabilities for the irregularly shaped Voronoi ice scattering models in climate simulations." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 22, no. 7 (2022): 4809–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4809-2022.

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Abstract. Both weather–climate models and ice cloud remote sensing applications need to obtain effective ice crystal scattering (ICS) properties and the parameterization scheme. An irregularly shaped Voronoi ICS model has been suggested to be effective in remote sensing applications for several satellite programs, e.g., Himawari-8, GCOM-C (Global Change Observation Mission–Climate) and EarthCARE (Earth Cloud Aerosol and Radiation Explorer). As continuation work of Letu et al. (2016), an ice cloud optical property parameterization scheme (Voronoi scheme) of the Voronoi ICS model is employed in

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19

Grandey, Benjamin S., Daniel Rothenberg, Alexander Avramov, et al. "Effective radiative forcing in the aerosol–climate model CAM5.3-MARC-ARG." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 21 (2018): 15783–810. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-15783-2018.

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Abstract. We quantify the effective radiative forcing (ERF) of anthropogenic aerosols modelled by the aerosol–climate model CAM5.3-MARC-ARG. CAM5.3-MARC-ARG is a new configuration of the Community Atmosphere Model version 5.3 (CAM5.3) in which the default aerosol module has been replaced by the two-Moment, Multi-Modal, Mixing-state-resolving Aerosol model for Research of Climate (MARC). CAM5.3-MARC-ARG uses the ARG aerosol-activation scheme, consistent with the default configuration of CAM5.3. We compute differences between simulations using year-1850 aerosol emissions and simulations using ye

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20

Huang, Xianglei, Xiuhong Chen, Gerald L. Potter, et al. "A Global Climatology of Outgoing Longwave Spectral Cloud Radiative Effect and Associated Effective Cloud Properties." Journal of Climate 27, no. 19 (2014): 7475–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-13-00663.1.

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Abstract Longwave (LW) spectral flux and cloud radiative effect (CRE) are important for understanding the earth’s radiation budget and cloud–radiation interaction. Here, the authors extend their previous algorithms to collocated Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) and Cloud and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES) observations over the entire globe and show that the algorithms yield consistently good performances for measurements over both land and ocean. As a result, the authors are able to derive spectral flux and CRE at 10-cm−1 intervals over the entire LW spectrum from all currently a

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21

Brenguier, Jean-Louis, Hanna Pawlowska, Lothar Schüller, Rene Preusker, Jürgen Fischer, and Yves Fouquart. "Radiative Properties of Boundary Layer Clouds: Droplet Effective Radius versus Number Concentration." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 57, no. 6 (2000): 803–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(2000)057<0803:rpoblc>2.0.co;2.

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22

Nisipeanu, E., and P. D. Jones. "Identification of the effective radiative properties of a hot, thick, porous medium." Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer 60, no. 1 (1998): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-4073(97)00156-8.

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23

Moser, Daniel, Sreekanth Pannala, and Jayathi Murthy. "Computation of Effective Radiative Properties of Powders for Selective Laser Sintering Simulations." JOM 67, no. 5 (2015): 1194–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11837-015-1386-8.

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24

Kotey, Nathan A., John L. Wright, and Michael R. Collins. "A method for determining the effective longwave radiative properties of pleated draperies." HVAC&R Research 17, no. 5 (2011): 660–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10789669.2011.591257.

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25

Yi, Bingqi, Ping Yang, Bryan A. Baum, et al. "Influence of Ice Particle Surface Roughening on the Global Cloud Radiative Effect." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 70, no. 9 (2013): 2794–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-13-020.1.

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Abstract Ice clouds influence the climate system by changing the radiation budget and large-scale circulation. Therefore, climate models need to have an accurate representation of ice clouds and their radiative effects. In this paper, new broadband parameterizations for ice cloud bulk scattering properties are developed for severely roughened ice particles. The parameterizations are based on a general habit mixture that includes nine habits (droxtals, hollow/solid columns, plates, solid/hollow bullet rosettes, aggregate of solid columns, and small/large aggregates of plates). The scattering pr

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26

Wagner, T., S. Beirle, T. Deutschmann, M. Grzegorski, and U. Platt. "Dependence of cloud properties derived from spectrally resolved visible satellite observations on surface temperature." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 8, no. 9 (2008): 2299–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-2299-2008.

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Abstract. Cloud climate feedback constitutes the most important uncertainty in climate modelling, and currently even its sign is still unknown. In the recently published report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change (IPCC), 6 out of 20 climate models showed a positive and 14 a negative cloud radiative feedback in a doubled CO2 scenario. The radiative budget of clouds has also been investigated by experimental methods, especially by studying the relation of satellite observed broad band shortwave and longwave radiation to sea surface temperature. Here we present a new method for the i

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27

Imre, Lajos, and Cosmin Chiorean. "Particular Aspects Regarding the Radiative Heat Transfer in Thermal Analysis of Steel-Concrete Composite Structural Elements." Defect and Diffusion Forum 436 (September 20, 2024): 91–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-bdjb7x.

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In a coupled analysis of steel-concrete composite structural elements, radiative heat flux is the main component of the heat transfer. The majority of the available methods to model the radiative heat flux are based on prescriptive values of the surface thermal properties of the participating medium, which do not take into account the specific geometry of the system and the effective values of the thermal properties of the participating medium. The prescriptive method assumes that the terminal properties of the participating medium are independent of the temperature and the wavelength of the e

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28

Kitzmann, D., A. B. C. Patzer, and H. Rauer. "On the Climatic Impact of CO2Ice Particles in Atmospheres of Terrestrial Exoplanets." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 8, S293 (2012): 303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921313013045.

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AbstractClouds play a significant role for the energy budget in planetary atmospheres. They can scatter incident stellar radiation back to space, effectively cooling the surface of terrestrial planets. On the other hand, they may contribute to the atmospheric greenhouse effect by trapping outgoing thermal radiation. For exoplanets near the outer boundary of the habitable zone, condensation of CO2can occur due to the low atmospheric temperatures. These CO2ice clouds may play an important role for the surface temperature and, therefore, for the question of habitability of those planets. However,

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Stubenrauch, C. J., F. Eddounia, J. M. Edwards, and A. Macke. "Evaluation of Cirrus Parameterizations for Radiative Flux Computations in Climate Models Using TOVS–ScaRaB Satellite Observations." Journal of Climate 20, no. 17 (2007): 4459–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli4251.1.

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Abstract Combined simultaneous satellite observations are used to evaluate the performance of parameterizations of the microphysical and optical properties of cirrus clouds used for radiative flux computations in climate models. Atmospheric and cirrus properties retrieved from Television and Infrared Observation Satellite (TIROS-N) Operational Vertical Sounder (TOVS) observations are given as input to the radiative transfer model developed for the Met Office climate model to simulate radiative fluxes at the top of the atmosphere (TOA). Simulated cirrus shortwave (SW) albedos are then compared

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Lindfors, A. V., N. Kouremeti, A. Arola, S. Kazadzis, A. F. Bais, and A. Laaksonen. "Effective aerosol optical depth from pyranometer measurements of surface solar radiation (global radiation) at Thessaloniki, Greece." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 12, no. 12 (2012): 33265–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-12-33265-2012.

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Abstract. Pyranometer measurements of the solar surface radiation (SSR) are available at many locations worldwide, often as long time series covering several decades into the past. These data constitute a potential source of information on the atmospheric aerosol load. Here, we present a method for estimating the aerosol optical depth (AOD) using pyranometer measurements of the SSR together with total water vapor column information. The method, which is based on radiative transfer simulations, was developed and tested using recent data from Thessaloniki, Greece. The effective AOD calculated us

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Lindfors, A. V., N. Kouremeti, A. Arola, S. Kazadzis, A. F. Bais, and A. Laaksonen. "Effective aerosol optical depth from pyranometer measurements of surface solar radiation (global radiation) at Thessaloniki, Greece." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 13, no. 7 (2013): 3733–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-3733-2013.

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Abstract. Pyranometer measurements of the solar surface radiation (SSR) are available at many locations worldwide, often as long time series covering several decades into the past. These data constitute a potential source of information on the atmospheric aerosol load. Here, we present a method for estimating the aerosol optical depth (AOD) using pyranometer measurements of the SSR together with total water vapor column information. The method, which is based on radiative transfer simulations, was developed and tested using recent data from Thessaloniki, Greece. The effective AOD calculated us

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Zhukovsky, Vladimir Ch. "Radiative Effects in Low-Dimensional Effective Fermion Field Theory with Compactification." Symmetry 15, no. 10 (2023): 1867. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym15101867.

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The introduction of branes immersed in the space-times of higher dimensions revealed itself to be a useful instrument for the study of high-dimensional models in quantum field theory. Moreover, low-dimensional quantum field theories represent an especially interesting class of models in physics due to their unique properties and renormalizability when interactions are treated perturbatively. The advantages of both approaches can be combined in a model for a low-dimensional brane immersed in the usual tetradimensional Minkowski space-time, the properties of which are relatively well known. This

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Ren, Yatao, Hong Qi, Qin Chen, and Liming Ruan. "Inverse Transient Radiative Analysis in Two-Dimensional Turbid Media by Particle Swarm Optimizations." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/680823.

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Three intelligent optimization algorithms, namely, the standard Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), the Stochastic Particle Swarm Optimization (SPSO), and the hybrid Differential Evolution-Particle Swarm Optimization (DE-PSO), were applied to solve the inverse transient radiation problem in two-dimensional (2D) turbid media irradiated by the short pulse laser. The time-resolved radiative intensity signals simulated by finite volume method (FVM) were served as input for the inverse analysis. The sensitivities of the time-resolved radiation signals to the geometric parameters of the circular incl

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Stier, P., J. H. Seinfeld, S. Kinne, and O. Boucher. "Aerosol absorption and radiative forcing." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 7, no. 3 (2007): 7171–233. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-7-7171-2007.

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Abstract. We present a comprehensive examination of aerosol absorption with a focus on evaluating the sensitivity of the global distribution of aerosol absorption to key uncertainties in the process representation. For this purpose we extended the comprehensive aerosol-climate model ECHAM5-HAM by effective medium approximations for the calculation of aerosol effective refractive indices, updated black carbon refractive indices, new cloud radiative properties considering the effect of aerosol inclusions, as well as by modules for the calculation of long-wave aerosol radiative properties and ins

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Stier, P., J. H. Seinfeld, S. Kinne, and O. Boucher. "Aerosol absorption and radiative forcing." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 7, no. 19 (2007): 5237–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-5237-2007.

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Abstract. We present a comprehensive examination of aerosol absorption with a focus on evaluating the sensitivity of the global distribution of aerosol absorption to key uncertainties in the process representation. For this purpose we extended the comprehensive aerosol-climate model ECHAM5-HAM by effective medium approximations for the calculation of aerosol effective refractive indices, updated black carbon refractive indices, new cloud radiative properties considering the effect of aerosol inclusions, as well as by modules for the calculation of long-wave aerosol radiative properties and ins

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Shi, Xiangjun, Chunhan Li, Lijuan Li, Wentao Zhang, and Jiaojiao Liu. "Estimating the CMIP6 Anthropogenic Aerosol Radiative Effects with the Advantage of Prescribed Aerosol Forcing." Atmosphere 12, no. 3 (2021): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12030406.

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The prescribed anthropogenic aerosol forcing recommended by Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) was implemented in an atmospheric model. With the reduced complexity of anthropogenic aerosol forcing, each component of anthropogenic aerosol effective radiative forcing (ERF) can be estimated by one or more calculation methods, especially for instantaneous radiative forcing (RF) from aerosol–radiation interactions (RFari) and aerosol–cloud interactions (RFaci). Simulation results show that the choice of calculation method might impact the magnitude and reliability of RFari. The R

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McCoy, Daniel T., Dennis L. Hartmann, and Daniel P. Grosvenor. "Observed Southern Ocean Cloud Properties and Shortwave Reflection. Part I: Calculation of SW Flux from Observed Cloud Properties*." Journal of Climate 27, no. 23 (2014): 8836–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-14-00287.1.

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Abstract The sensitivity of the reflection of shortwave radiation over the Southern Ocean to the cloud properties there is estimated using observations from a suite of passive and active satellite instruments in combination with radiative transfer modeling. A composite cloud property observational data description is constructed that consistently incorporates mean cloud liquid water content, ice water content, liquid and ice particle radius information, vertical structure, vertical overlap, and spatial aggregation of cloud water as measured by optical depth versus cloud-top pressure histograms

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Orlov, N. Yu, S. Yu Gus'kov, S. A. Pikuz, et al. "Theoretical and experimental studies of the radiative properties of hot dense matter for optimizing soft X-ray sources." Laser and Particle Beams 25, no. 3 (2007): 415–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034607000535.

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Theoretical and experimental studies of radiative properties of hot dense plasmas that are used as soft X-ray sources have been carried out depending on the plasma composition. Important features of the theoretical model, which can be used for complex materials, are discussed. An optimizing procedure that can determine an effective complex material to produce optically thick plasma by laser interaction with a thick solid target is applied. The efficiency of the resulting material is compared with the efficiency of other composite materials that have previously been evaluated theoretically. It

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Bae, Soo Ya, Song-You Hong, and Kyo-Sun Sunny Lim. "Coupling WRF Double-Moment 6-Class Microphysics Schemes to RRTMG Radiation Scheme in Weather Research Forecasting Model." Advances in Meteorology 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5070154.

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A method to explicitly calculate the effective radius of hydrometeors in the Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) double-moment 6-class (WDM6) microphysics scheme is designed to tackle the physical inconsistency in cloud properties between the microphysics and radiation processes. At each model time step, the calculated effective radii of hydrometeors from the WDM6 scheme are linked to the Rapid Radiative Transfer Model for GCMs (RRTMG) scheme to consider the cloud effects in radiative flux calculation. This coupling effect of cloud properties between the WDM6 and RRTMG algorithms is examined fo

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Pincus, Robert, Piers M. Forster, and Bjorn Stevens. "The Radiative Forcing Model Intercomparison Project (RFMIP): experimental protocol for CMIP6." Geoscientific Model Development 9, no. 9 (2016): 3447–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-3447-2016.

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Abstract. The phrasing of the first of three questions motivating CMIP6 – “How does the Earth system respond to forcing?” – suggests that forcing is always well-known, yet the radiative forcing to which this question refers has historically been uncertain in coordinated experiments even as understanding of how best to infer radiative forcing has evolved. The Radiative Forcing Model Intercomparison Project (RFMIP) endorsed by CMIP6 seeks to provide a foundation for answering the question through three related activities: (i) accurate characterization of the effective radiative forcing relative

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De León, R. R., M. Krämer, D. S. Lee, and J. C. Thelen. "Sensitivity of radiative properties of persistent contrails to the ice water path." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 12, no. 17 (2012): 7893–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-7893-2012.

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Abstract. The dependence of the radiative properties of persistent linear contrails on the variability of their ice water path is assessed in a two-stream radiative transfer model. It is assumed that the ice water content and the effective size of ice crystals in aged contrails do not differ from those observed in natural cirrus; the parameterization of these two variables, based on a correlation with ambient temperature derived from in situ observations, allows a more realistic representation than the common assumption of fixed values for the contrail optical depth and ice crystal effective r

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Hong, Gang, Ping Yang, Bryan A. Baum, Andrew J. Heymsfield, and Kuan-Man Xu. "Parameterization of Shortwave and Longwave Radiative Properties of Ice Clouds for Use in Climate Models." Journal of Climate 22, no. 23 (2009): 6287–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009jcli2844.1.

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Abstract Climate modeling and prediction require that the parameterization of the radiative effects of ice clouds be as accurate as possible. The radiative properties of ice clouds are highly sensitive to the single-scattering properties of ice particles and ice cloud microphysical properties such as particle habits and size distributions. In this study, parameterizations for shortwave (SW) and longwave (LW) radiative properties of ice clouds are developed for three existing schemes using ice cloud microphysical properties obtained from five field campaigns and broadband-averaged single-scatte

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Orlov, N. Yu, O. B. Denisov, O. N. Rosmej, et al. "Theoretical and experimental studies of material radiative properties and their applications to laser and heavy ion inertial fusion." Laser and Particle Beams 29, no. 1 (2011): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034610000777.

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AbstractTheoretical and experimental studies of radiative properties of substances heated by pulsed current devises or lasers and used as X-ray sources have been carried out depending on plasma conditions, and specific spectra of X-ray absorption and radiation for different materials have been calculated. Important features of the theoretical model, known as the ion model of plasma, are discussed. This model can be applied for calculations of the radiative properties of complex materials over a wide range of plasma parameters. For purposes of indirect-driven inertial fusion based on the hohlra

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Hoang, Thiem. "Rotational Disruption of Astrophysical Dust and Ice—Theory and Applications." Galaxies 8, no. 3 (2020): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/galaxies8030052.

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Dust is an essential component of the interstellar medium (ISM) and plays an important role in many different astrophysical processes and phenomena. Traditionally, dust grains are known to be destroyed by thermal sublimation, Coulomb explosions, sputtering, and shattering. The first two mechanisms arise from the interaction of dust with intense radiation fields and high-energy photons (extreme UV), which work in a limited astrophysical environment. The present review is focused on a new destruction mechanism present in the dust-radiation interaction that is effective in a wide range of radiati

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45

Hong, Yulan, and Guosheng Liu. "The Characteristics of Ice Cloud Properties Derived from CloudSat and CALIPSO Measurements." Journal of Climate 28, no. 9 (2015): 3880–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-14-00666.1.

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Abstract The characteristics of ice clouds with a wide range of optical depths are studied based on satellite retrievals and radiative transfer modeling. Results show that the global-mean ice cloud optical depth, ice water path, and effective radius are approximately 2, 109 g m−2, and 48 , respectively. Ice cloud occurrence frequency varies depending not only on regions and seasons, but also on the types of ice clouds as defined by optical depth values. Ice clouds with different values show differently preferential locations on the planet; optically thinner ones ( &lt; 3) are most frequent

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Spang, Reinhold, Rolf Müller, and Alexandru Rap. "Radiative effect of thin cirrus clouds in the extratropical lowermost stratosphere and tropopause region." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 24, no. 2 (2024): 1213–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1213-2024.

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Abstract. Cirrus clouds play an important role in the radiation budget of the Earth; nonetheless, the radiative effect of ultra-thin cirrus clouds in the tropopause region and in the lowermost stratosphere remains poorly constrained. These clouds have a small vertical extent and optical depth and are frequently neither observed even by sensitive sensors nor considered in climate model simulations. In addition, their short-wave (cooling) and long-wave (warming) radiative effects are often in approximate balance, and their net effect strongly depends on the shape and size of the cirrus particles

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Okamura, Rintaro, Hironobu Iwabuchi, and K. Sebastian Schmidt. "Feasibility study of multi-pixel retrieval of optical thickness and droplet effective radius of inhomogeneous clouds using deep learning." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 10, no. 12 (2017): 4747–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-4747-2017.

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Abstract (sommario):

Abstract. Three-dimensional (3-D) radiative-transfer effects are a major source of retrieval errors in satellite-based optical remote sensing of clouds. The challenge is that 3-D effects manifest themselves across multiple satellite pixels, which traditional single-pixel approaches cannot capture. In this study, we present two multi-pixel retrieval approaches based on deep learning, a technique that is becoming increasingly successful for complex problems in engineering and other areas. Specifically, we use deep neural networks (DNNs) to obtain multi-pixel estimates of cloud optical thickness

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Wan, Linfeng, Xi Zhang, and Tanguy Bertrand. "Effects of Haze Radiation and Eddy Heat Transport on the Thermal Structure of Pluto’s Lower Atmosphere." Astrophysical Journal 922, no. 2 (2021): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac25f2.

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Abstract (sommario):

Abstract The temperature profile of Pluto’s atmosphere has generally been assumed in a radiative–conductive equilibrium. Recent studies further highlighted the importance of radiative heating and cooling effects by haze particles. In this study, we update results from Zhang et al. by taking into account the icy haze composition proposed by Lavvas et al., and find that radiation of such an icy haze could still dominate the energy balance in the middle and upper atmosphere and explain the cold temperature observed by New Horizons. However, additional considerations are needed to explain the rapi

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Chiu, J. C., A. Marshak, Y. Knyazikhin, and W. J. Wiscombe. "Spectral invariant behavior of zenith radiance around cloud edges simulated by radiative transfer." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 10, no. 6 (2010): 14557–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-14557-2010.

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Abstract. A previous paper discovered a surprising spectral-invariant relationship in shortwave spectrometer observations taken by the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program. Here, using radiative transfer simulations, we study the sensitivity of this relationship to the properties of aerosols and clouds, to the underlying surface type, and to the finite field-of-view (FOV) of the spectrometer. Overall, the relationship is mostly sensitive to cloud properties and has little sensitivity to the other factors. At visible wavelengths, the relationship primarily depends on cloud optical de

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Costa, Tiago, Joakim Rosdahl, and Taysun Kimm. "The hidden satellites of massive galaxies and quasars at high redshift." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 489, no. 4 (2019): 5181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2471.

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ABSTRACT Using cosmological, radiation-hydrodynamic simulations targeting a rare ${\approx}2 \times 10^{12} \, \rm {\rm M}_{\odot }$ halo at $z = 6$, we show that the number counts and internal properties of satellite galaxies within the massive halo are sensitively regulated by a combination of local stellar radiative feedback and strong tidal forces. Radiative feedback operates before the first supernova explosions erupt and results in less tightly bound galaxies. Satellites are therefore more vulnerable to tidal stripping when they accrete on to the main progenitor and are tidally disrupted

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