Tesi sul tema "Rauchen"
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Baumberger, Roger. "Rauchen am Arbeitsplatz". Bern : Stämpfli, 2002. http://www.uni.recht.ch/uni/lpext.dll/uni/ebook/Dissertation/SSA/SSA57/inhssa57?f=templates&fn=index.html&2.0&vid=10.1082/Deu.
Testo completoKolte, Birgitta. "Rauchen zwischen Sucht und Genuss /". Wiesbaden : VS Verl. für Sozialwiss, 2006. http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/497329492.pdf.
Testo completoKolte, Birgitta. "Rauchen zwischen Sucht und Genuss". Wiesbaden VS, Verl. für Sozialwiss, 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2671668&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
Testo completoBannier, Oliver. "Untersuchung der Nikotinkinetik in Abhängigkeit von biologischen und rauchanamnestischen Variablen". [S.l. : s.n.], 2008.
Cerca il testo completoPiontek, Daniela. "Tabakkonsum bei Jugendlichen und erwachsenen Risikopopulationen Einflussfaktoren und Ansätze zu Prävention und Intervention = Smoking in adolescents and adult risk populations : factors of influence and approaches concerning prevention and intervention /". [S.l. : s.n.], 2008.
Cerca il testo completoText teilw. dt., teilw. engl. - Engl. Titel: Smoking in adolescents and adult risk populations: factors of influence and approaches concerning prevention and intervention.
Georgi, Ulrich. "Rauchen als Einflussfaktor auf die wahrgenommene Mundgesundheit- eine bevölkerungsrepräsentative Studie". Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-88827.
Testo completoSchütte-Borkovec, Katharina. "Vorkommen und Toxikokinetik von Myosmin in Abhängigkeit von Rauchen und Ernährung". Diss., lmu, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-89105.
Testo completoHolzinger, Ferdinand. "Epidemiologische Studie des Aufhörens mit Rauchen bei Schweizer Aerzten ... /Ferdinand Holzinger". Bern, 1991. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
Testo completoFaessler, Therese. "The Effect of Beliefs on Health Outcomes". St. Gallen, 2005. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/03608015001/$FILE/03608015001.pdf.
Testo completoEgger, Christoph. "Systematischer Vergleich der Klimakommunikation mit der Kommunikation zum Thema Rauchen/Nichtrauchen in der Schweiz". St. Gallen, 2008. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/05606488001/$FILE/05606488001.pdf.
Testo completoRuf, Sabine. "Einfluss subchronischer Rauchbelastung auf die Entwicklung einer Myokardhypertrophie". Giessen : VVB Laufersweiler, 2007. http://d-nb.info/988754045/34.
Testo completoMeyer, Christian [Verfasser]. "Prävention tabakassoziierter Gesundheitsstörungen durch reduziertes Rauchen : Konzept und empirische Befunde / Christian Meyer". Aachen : Shaker, 2004. http://d-nb.info/1172609438/34.
Testo completoLipinsky, Anke [Verfasser]. "Richtig rauchen : Zur medikalen Logik und kulturellen Praxis des Zigarettenrauchens / Anke Lipinsky". Münster : Waxmann Verlag GmbH, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1195660685/34.
Testo completoTuschy, Lea [Verfasser]. "Modulation der Aufmerksamkeit durch Interaktion von Rauchen und genetischen Varianten nikotinischer Acetylcholinrezeptoren / Lea Tuschy". Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1032171499/34.
Testo completoMehlhorn, Sabrina [Verfasser]. "Endotheliale Dysfunktion bei inhalativem Rauchen : Beeinflussbarkeit durch Nikotinkarenz und Gabe von Antioxidantien / Sabrina Mehlhorn". Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1068376007/34.
Testo completoSobotzki, Christina [Verfasser], e Rüdiger von [Akademischer Betreuer] Kries. "Mütterliches Rauchen in der Schwangerschaft als Risikofaktor für kindliches Übergewicht / Christina Sobotzki. Betreuer: Rüdiger von Kries". München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1078851964/34.
Testo completoThomas, Gesa. "Helden rauchen nicht!? : Darstellung, Rezeptionsannahmen und Zensur von Drogen im Comic am Beispiel der Comicserie Lucky Luke". Berlin VWB, Verl. für Wiss. und Bildung, 2006. http://www.vwb-verlag.com/Katalog/m255.html.
Testo completoKammerl, Stefan [Verfasser]. "Insulinresistenz als Risikofaktor für kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen und Tumoren sowie deren Assoziation mit Rauchen und Alkoholkonsum / Stefan Kammerl". Ulm : Universität Ulm. Medizinische Fakultät, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1028862318/34.
Testo completoMühlig, Stephan, Eva Hoch e Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "Aufhören ja – aber bitte nicht sofort! Ein Dilemma für die Allokationsforschung". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-98150.
Testo completoEggert, Heike. "Untersuchung von DNA-Addukten tabakspezifischer Nitrosamine in Pankreasgewebe in Abhängigkeit von der Nikotin- und Myosminbelastung durch Rauchen und rauchlose Tabakwaren". Diss., lmu, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-138404.
Testo completoWetendorf, Janna [Verfasser]. "Der Einfluss von Rauchen auf anale, penile und orale HPV16- und HPV18- DNA-Lasten bei HIV-infizierten Männern / Janna Wetendorf". Köln : Deutsche Zentralbibliothek für Medizin, 2012. http://d-nb.info/103021204X/34.
Testo completoGeorgi, Ulrich [Verfasser], Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Reiber, András [Gutachter] Szentpétery e Hartwig [Gutachter] Seedorf. "Rauchen als Einflussfaktor auf die wahrgenommene Mundgesundheit- eine bevölkerungsrepräsentative Studie / Ulrich Georgi ; Gutachter: András Szentpétery, Hartwig Seedorf ; Betreuer: Thomas Reiber". Leipzig : Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1238077021/34.
Testo completoSchmid, Juliane [Verfasser], e Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Nüssler. "Rauchen versus postoperative Komplikationen und verzögerte Frakturheilung - Gibt es einen prädiktiven Immunzellmarker bei der Blutentnahme? / Juliane Schmid ; Betreuer: Andreas Nüssler". Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/120617305X/34.
Testo completoBloch, Michael [Verfasser], Andrea [Gutachter] Koch e Monika [Gutachter] Raulf. "Querschnittsstudie zur Untersuchung von Selbstregulation und Rauchen als Prädiktoren für Lungenkrebs / Michael Bloch ; Gutachter: Andrea Koch, Monika Raulf ; Medizinische Fakultät". Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1204258341/34.
Testo completoWittchen, Hans-Ulrich. "Unterstützende Maßnahmen zur Raucherentwöhnung". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-88877.
Testo completoNelson, Christopher B., e Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "Smoking and Nicotine Dependence". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-99925.
Testo completoMühlig, Stephan, Eva Hoch e Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "Aufhören ja – aber bitte nicht sofort! Ein Dilemma für die Allokationsforschung". Suchtmedizin in Forschung und Praxis, 2004, Bd. 6, Nr. 1, S. 91-92, ISSN: 1437-5567, 2004. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26182.
Testo completoVidal, Larissa [Verfasser]. "Einstellungen und Wissen zum Thema Rauchen und zur Tabakentwöhnung von Ärzten an Kliniken in Stuttgart und im Rems-Murr-Kreis / Larissa Vidal". Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1139776568/34.
Testo completoKamke, Angela [Verfasser]. "Rauchen als Risikofaktor für das postoperative Delir : sekundäre Analyse der randomisierten kontrollierten ‚Sugery Depth of Anaesthesia and Cognitive Outcome‘-Studie / Angela Kamke". Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1212435346/34.
Testo completoAlbrecht, Fabienne Michelle [Verfasser]. "Bestimmung immunologischer und klinisch-laborchemischer Parameter an einem Kollektiv von 124 Patienten der septischen Unfallchirurgie mit Schwerpunkt Rauchen und Malnutrition / Fabienne Michelle Albrecht". Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1230796541/34.
Testo completoSonntag, Holger, Eva Hoch, Birgit Jahn, Barbara Spiegel, Hildegard Pfister e Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "Tabakentwöhnungsmaßnahmen in der allgemeinärztlichen Versorgung: Implementierung, Effektivität und Wege einer optimierten Allokation". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-97869.
Testo completoBackground / aim of the study: Although a number of efficacious smoking cessation measures and medications do exist, only a small number of smokers (tobacco users) make use of them. A stronger engagement of general practitioners (GPs) in the field of smoking cessation might help to improve health care in this important area. The study will investigate feasibility and effectiveness of different readily available smoking cessation measures under routine conditions in primary health care practices. Method: In phase I of the study patients' health status and tobacco consumption are assessed by means of questionnaires provided on a nationwide appointed date in more than 800 general practices in Germany. In phase II selected practices offer smoking cessation treatments to identified smokers. Participants recruited will be randomly assigned to four groups ideally consisting of 250 subjects each: A bupropion SR (Zyban©) condition, a nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) group, a cognitive-behavioural treatment (CBT) group and a control condition. Treatments will be conducted by GPs in their practices under supervision of study monitors offering therapeutical and organisational support. Expected results: Acceptance, feasibility, and effectiveness of smoking cessation treatments offered will differ depending on GP and patient characteristics. Overall, success-rates (while success is primarily defined as abstinence from tobacco use) should be higher in all therapeutic conditions as compared to controls. In the 6-month follow-up abstinence rates are expected to be highest in the bupropion SR group. Conclusion: Results should yield indications for an improved allocation of available smoking cessation measures in primary care
Gaifullina, Renata [Verfasser], Alexander [Gutachter] Kreuter e Martina [Gutachter] Bacharach-Buhles. "Retrospektive Analyse der Wirksamkeit von Antimalariamitteln beim Lupus erythematodes tumidus in Abhängigkeit vom Rauchen / Renata Gaifullina ; Gutachter: Alexander Kreuter, Martina Bacharach-Buhles ; Medizinische Fakultät". Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1211174956/34.
Testo completoWittchen, Hans-Ulrich. "Unterstützende Maßnahmen zur Raucherentwöhnung". Notamed-Verlag, 2000. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26038.
Testo completoEggert, Heike [Verfasser], e Elmar [Akademischer Betreuer] Richter. "Untersuchung von DNA-Addukten tabakspezifischer Nitrosamine in Pankreasgewebe in Abhängigkeit von der Nikotin- und Myosminbelastung durch Rauchen und rauchlose Tabakwaren / Heike Eggert. Betreuer: Elmar Richter". München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1018616365/34.
Testo completoNelson, Christopher B., e Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "Smoking and Nicotine Dependence: Results from a Sample of 14- to 24-Year-Olds in Germany". Karger, 1998. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26269.
Testo completoFolberth, Roger. "Gründe für die Extraktion von Zähnen in Zahnarztpraxen". Master's thesis, Dresden International University, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-179500.
Testo completoPiontek, Daniela. "Tabakkonsum bei Jugendlichen und erwachsenen Risikopopulationen. Einflussfaktoren und Ansätze zu Prävention und Intervention". Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-200800888.
Testo completo„Smoking in adolescents and adult risk populations. Factors of influence and approaches concerning prevention and intervention” This dissertation is concerned with factors influencing the smoking behaviour of different target groups and potential approaches for lasting changes of these behaviours. The dissertation consists of six manuscripts that are published or accepted for publication in national and international peer-reviewed journals. These six papers refer to two main emphases that reflect the two most important possibilities to reduce tobacco consumption in the population: Prevention of smoking initiation in children and adolescents (prevention), and support for smoking cessation (intervention). In the first part of the dissertation, a literature review and two empirical studies assess the influence of school tobacco policies on the smoking behaviour of students. In the second part, three empirical papers examine motivation to change, utilisation and effectiveness of smoking cessation in smokers with an alcohol dependence, mothers in mother-child rehabilitation and patients with smoking-related physical diseases
Lieb, Roselind, Andrea Schreier, Hildegard Pfister e Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "Maternal Smoking and Smoking in Adolescents: A Prospective Community Study of Adolescents and Their Mothers". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-100039.
Testo completoSonntag, Holger, Eva Hoch, Birgit Jahn, Barbara Spiegel, Hildegard Pfister e Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "Tabakentwöhnungsmaßnahmen in der allgemeinärztlichen Versorgung: Implementierung, Effektivität und Wege einer optimierten Allokation". ecomed verlagsgesellschaft AG & Co. KG, 2003. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26176.
Testo completoBackground / aim of the study: Although a number of efficacious smoking cessation measures and medications do exist, only a small number of smokers (tobacco users) make use of them. A stronger engagement of general practitioners (GPs) in the field of smoking cessation might help to improve health care in this important area. The study will investigate feasibility and effectiveness of different readily available smoking cessation measures under routine conditions in primary health care practices. Method: In phase I of the study patients' health status and tobacco consumption are assessed by means of questionnaires provided on a nationwide appointed date in more than 800 general practices in Germany. In phase II selected practices offer smoking cessation treatments to identified smokers. Participants recruited will be randomly assigned to four groups ideally consisting of 250 subjects each: A bupropion SR (Zyban©) condition, a nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) group, a cognitive-behavioural treatment (CBT) group and a control condition. Treatments will be conducted by GPs in their practices under supervision of study monitors offering therapeutical and organisational support. Expected results: Acceptance, feasibility, and effectiveness of smoking cessation treatments offered will differ depending on GP and patient characteristics. Overall, success-rates (while success is primarily defined as abstinence from tobacco use) should be higher in all therapeutic conditions as compared to controls. In the 6-month follow-up abstinence rates are expected to be highest in the bupropion SR group. Conclusion: Results should yield indications for an improved allocation of available smoking cessation measures in primary care.
Ambrosch, Manuel. "Die Bedeutung von Prävention in der Berichterstattung deutscher Zeitungen über Brustkrebs und Lungenkrebs". Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-103585.
Testo completoHoch, Eva, Stephan Mühlig, Michael Höfler, Holger Sonntag, David Pittrow e Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "Raucherentwöhnung in der primärärztlichen Versorgung: Ziele, Design und Methoden der "Smoking and Nicotine Dependence Awareness and Screening (SNICAS)"-Studie". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-97918.
Testo completoAims, Design and Methods of the "Smoking and Nicotine Dependence Awareness and Screening" (SNICAS) Study Germany lacks robust epidemiological data on the prevalence of smoking and nicotine dependence in primary care patients as it does on smoking cessation interventions provided by primary care physicians. Objectives of the "Smoking and Nicotine Dependence Awareness and Screening" (SNICAS) study are (1) to provide nationally representative data on the frequency of smoking and nicotine dependence among primary care patients in Germany, (2) to describe their smoking behaviour and motivation to quit as well as (3) attitudes, skills and experiences of physicians regarding smoking cessation. SNICAS is based on a 2-stage epidemiological design, supplemented by a subsequently conducted clinical intervention trial still ongoing. Stage I consists of a prestudy characterization of a nationwide sample of 889 primary care doctors (general practitioners, family doctors and internists with primary care functions). Stage II consists of a target day assessment (May 7th 2002) of n=28,707 unselected consecutive patients by means of a patient questionnaire (conservative response rate: 52.8%). For each patient a structured clinical appraisal form (screening of the patients' smoking status, physical and mental health, current and past interventions etc. ) was accomplished by the doctor. This article presents design and methods of the SNICAS study and describes its sampling strategy, its response rates and the representativity of primary care doctors and patients. By means of selected pre-study data, showing that only a small proportion of physician is extensively involved in smoking cessation (17.6%), intervention strategies of the doctors are presented as well as obstacles for smoking cessation (e.g. structures, attitudes)
Hoch, Eva, Annett Franke, Holger Sonntag, Birgit Jahn, Stephan Mühlig e Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "Raucherentwöhnung in der primärärztlichen Versorgung – Chance oder Fiktion?" Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-97923.
Testo completoThrough smoking cessation interventions, primary care physicians could play an important part in the treatment of smokers in Germany. In the "Smoking and Nicotine Dependent Awareness and Screening" (SNICAS) study, we examined whether this increased involvement of primary care physicians might be implemented. SNICAS is a two-stage epidemiological point prevalence study. In stage I (pre-study), a nationwide sample of 889 primary care doctors was characterized; in stage II, 28 707 unselected consecutive patients were assessed on the target day. The investigation was followed by regional clinical interventions. The present article contains our findings on the prevalence of smoking, the motivation to quit, and the history of quit attempts among primary care patients. Information will be provided on how frequently physicians recognize and treat smokers; what kind of interventions they offer; as well as how they judge the opportunities and obstacles for smoking cessation in routine care. Despite the high prevalence of smoking and nicotine dependence and the primary care doctors’ interest in treating smokers, insufficient interventions are provided. Reasons for this situation include, but are not limited to the patients’ ambivalent motivation to quit and structural barriers. Hence, new clinical models of health care with an improved cooperation between primary care physicians and other specialists in the field of smoking cessation seem necessary
Lieb, Roselind, Andrea Schreier, Hildegard Pfister e Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "Maternal Smoking and Smoking in Adolescents: A Prospective Community Study of Adolescents and Their Mothers". Karger, 2003. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26279.
Testo completoHoch, Eva, Stephan Mühlig, Michael Höfler, Holger Sonntag, David Pittrow e Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "Raucherentwöhnung in der primärärztlichen Versorgung: Ziele, Design und Methoden der "Smoking and Nicotine Dependence Awareness and Screening (SNICAS)"-Studie". ecomed verlagsgesellschaft AG & Co. KG, 2004. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A25158.
Testo completoAims, Design and Methods of the "Smoking and Nicotine Dependence Awareness and Screening" (SNICAS) Study Germany lacks robust epidemiological data on the prevalence of smoking and nicotine dependence in primary care patients as it does on smoking cessation interventions provided by primary care physicians. Objectives of the "Smoking and Nicotine Dependence Awareness and Screening" (SNICAS) study are (1) to provide nationally representative data on the frequency of smoking and nicotine dependence among primary care patients in Germany, (2) to describe their smoking behaviour and motivation to quit as well as (3) attitudes, skills and experiences of physicians regarding smoking cessation. SNICAS is based on a 2-stage epidemiological design, supplemented by a subsequently conducted clinical intervention trial still ongoing. Stage I consists of a prestudy characterization of a nationwide sample of 889 primary care doctors (general practitioners, family doctors and internists with primary care functions). Stage II consists of a target day assessment (May 7th 2002) of n=28,707 unselected consecutive patients by means of a patient questionnaire (conservative response rate: 52.8%). For each patient a structured clinical appraisal form (screening of the patients' smoking status, physical and mental health, current and past interventions etc. ) was accomplished by the doctor. This article presents design and methods of the SNICAS study and describes its sampling strategy, its response rates and the representativity of primary care doctors and patients. By means of selected pre-study data, showing that only a small proportion of physician is extensively involved in smoking cessation (17.6%), intervention strategies of the doctors are presented as well as obstacles for smoking cessation (e.g. structures, attitudes).
Glöckner, Linda [Verfasser]. "Vergleich des Amygdalavolumens zwischen Rauchern, ehemaligen Rauchern und Nie-Rauchern : eine magnetresonanztomographische Untersuchung / Linda Glöckner". Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1121007392/34.
Testo completoRipke, Stephan. "Decision and Reward in Intertemporal Choice: The Roles of Brain Development, Inter-individual Differences and Pharmacological Influences". Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-118802.
Testo completoBayerl, Christian [Verfasser], e Fabian [Akademischer Betreuer] Bamberg. "MR-basierte Leberfettmessung in einer kardiovaskulär gesunden Referenzpopulation : Evaluation eines mehrstufigen MR-Screening-Protokolls zur Detektion und Quantifizierung der Steatosis hepatis sowie deren quantitative Assoziation mit Rauchen und Alkoholkonsum / Christian Bayerl ; Betreuer: Fabian Bamberg". München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1193423287/34.
Testo completoHoch, Eva, Annett Franke, Holger Sonntag, Birgit Jahn, Stephan Mühlig e Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "Raucherentwöhnung in der primärärztlichen Versorgung – Chance oder Fiktion?: Ergebnisse der "Smoking and Nicotine Dependence Awareness and Screening (SNICAS)"-Studie". ecomed verlagsgesellschaft AG & Co. KG, 2004. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26178.
Testo completoThrough smoking cessation interventions, primary care physicians could play an important part in the treatment of smokers in Germany. In the "Smoking and Nicotine Dependent Awareness and Screening" (SNICAS) study, we examined whether this increased involvement of primary care physicians might be implemented. SNICAS is a two-stage epidemiological point prevalence study. In stage I (pre-study), a nationwide sample of 889 primary care doctors was characterized; in stage II, 28 707 unselected consecutive patients were assessed on the target day. The investigation was followed by regional clinical interventions. The present article contains our findings on the prevalence of smoking, the motivation to quit, and the history of quit attempts among primary care patients. Information will be provided on how frequently physicians recognize and treat smokers; what kind of interventions they offer; as well as how they judge the opportunities and obstacles for smoking cessation in routine care. Despite the high prevalence of smoking and nicotine dependence and the primary care doctors’ interest in treating smokers, insufficient interventions are provided. Reasons for this situation include, but are not limited to the patients’ ambivalent motivation to quit and structural barriers. Hence, new clinical models of health care with an improved cooperation between primary care physicians and other specialists in the field of smoking cessation seem necessary.
Mahlig, Kirsten. "Der Nachweis von Plasmazytoiden Monozyten in der Bronchoalveolären Lavage - Methodik und klinische Bedeutung". Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medizinische Fakultät - Universitätsklinikum Charité, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/14395.
Testo completoThe immunotherapeutic approach against malignant neoplasias appreciates that tumours encode tumour rejection antigens, that enable them to induce protective immunity. Dendritic cells are major antigen-presenting cells and are able to present tumour antigens to naive T-cells and stimulate cytotoxic T-cells in a specific manner. In the present graduation-manuscript dendritic cells were generated in the presence of Interleukin-4 and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) from peripheral mononuclear blood cells of healthy donors and tumour-patients. Immunological effector cells termed cytokine-induced killer cells (CIK cells) were co-cultured with dendritic cells and tested for their cytotoxic capacity against colorectal and pancreatic cancer cell-lines in a LDH-release assay. CIK cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes generated by incubation of peripheral blood lymphocytes with different cytokines. Co-culture of effector cells with dendritic cells led to a significant increase of the cytotoxic effect of CIK cells. For a further increase of specific cytotoxicity dendritic cells were pulsed with total protein of the tumour-associated antigens cancer associated antigen CA 19-9 and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Co-cultured effector cells showed an increase in cytotoxicity against tumour-antigen expressing target cells, after co-culture with pulsed dendritic cells. The specificity of the cytotoxic effect could be shown by blocking the tumour-antigens with a monoclonal antibody. Autologous and allogenec untreated serums from patients with elevated tumour-marker levels were also used for pulsing of dendritic cells. Similar to the results when using total protein for pulsing, a cultivation in serum of patients with elevated tumour marker levels caused an intensified cytotoxic effect of effector cells against tumour cells in a dose-dependent manner. The intensified cytotoxicity was seen independent of the allogenec or autologous character of the serum. The immuno-stimulating effect of the patient serum could be neutralized by preceding heat inactivating. The highest cytotoxicity was achieved by a cultivation of dendritic cells in serum from patients with elevated tumour marker levels and additional pulsing with exogenous tumour antigen. Experiments with completely autologous systems reproduced the results made with cell-lines. Primary cultures of colorectal tumours were established. Dendritic cells were generated from the blood of tumour patients and were cultivated in autologous serum. Co-cultured autologous effector cells showed cytotoxicity when used against autologous tumour cells. Co-culturing of effector cells with dendritic cells caused modifications at both cell populations. Dendritic cells showed an increase expression of antigen-presenting and co-stimulatory molecules. CIK cells showed a higher proliferation-rate when co-cultured. They express more antigen-specific T-cell receptor, and the cytotoxic T-cells to T-helper cells ratio increased. ELISpot-assays showed an increase of interferon gamma producing cells. Dendritic cells were successfully transduced by using an inactivated adenovirus, which covalently binds poly-L-lysine. Dendritic cells express the molecules that enables adenoviral gene delivery on their surface. For the improvement of cytotoxicity dendritic cells were transduced with the gene encoding for the transactivator CIITA. CIITA transduced dendritic cells increases expression of MHC class II molecules. Cytotoxicity experiments with transduced dendritic cells resulted in an increased induction of non-specific cytolysis from co-cultured effector cells. DC pulsed with tumour-antigens may have a major impact on immunotherapeutic protocols for cancer patients.
Huscher, Stefan. "Retrospektiver Vergleich der Behandlungsergebnisse konventioneller Resektionstechniken des NSCLC im Stadium Ia/Ib mit Lasersegmentresektionen unter Anwendung eines neu entwickelten 1318nm Nd:YAG-Lasers". Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-ds-1213965283337-04328.
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