Tesi sul tema "Relación real"
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Aznar, Martínez Berta. "La alianza terapéutica en psicoterapia psicoanalítica de pareja. Análisis y diferenciación de la alianza y otros elementos de la relación terapéutica". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Ramon Llull, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/96424.
Testo completoDurante el siglo XX se ha ido configurando el concepto de alianza terapéutica en psicoterapia como una relación interpersonal existente y necesaria entre el cliente y el terapeuta. Hoy en día todas las orientaciones teóricas otorgan a la alianza terapéutica un papel central en la relación terapéutica. Además, desde el ámbito de la investigación empírica, la relación entre la a lianza terapéutica y la eficacia del tratamiento en psicoterapia ha sido constatada en numerosos estudios. Pese a que el origen de este concepto se encuentra en la corriente psicoanalítica, la relevancia de la alianza terapéutica es muy diferente según la opinión de diversos autores de esta orientación. Para algunos autores la alianza terapéutica no es relevante y puede llegar a ser interferidora del tratamiento, ya que la transferencia es la pieza clave. En cambio, para otros autores psicoanalíticos la alianza terapéutica tiene un papel importante en cualquier tipo de terapia. Dedicamos un amplio apartado del trabajo a hacer una revisión obre la conceptualización de la a lianza de los autores psicoanalíticos más destacados en el ámbito. Nosotros consideramos que la alianza terapéutica debe ser tomada en consideración en cualquier trata miento de orientación psicoanalítica, ya que si no es debidamente trabajada puede dificultar el trabajo analítico y, por tanto, deben destinarse a su formación y mantenimiento tanto técnicas interpretativas como no interpretativas cuando se requieran. La alianza terapéutica es, desde nuestro punto de vista, un elemento de la relación terapéutica diferente a la transferencia (y su respectiva contratransferencia) y a la relación rea l, que describimos exhaustivamente en el trabajo. En psicoterapia psicoanalítica de pareja, a causa de la gran diversidad de mecanismos que operan en este tipo de terapia conjunta, la formación y el desarrollo de la alianza adquieren mayor dificultad. Dedicamos una parte importante del trabajo a enumerar y describir estos factores que influyen en la alianza en psicoterapia de pareja, así como las dimensiones de la alianza terapéutica en este tipo de tratamiento siguiendo el modelo del Sistema de Observación de la A lianza Terapéutica en Intervención Familiar (SOATIF). Analizamos mediante la versión observacional del SOATIF (SOATIF-o) la alianza terapéutica que establece el psicoterapeuta de la serie norteamericana In treatment con la pareja que acude a su consulta durante nueve sesiones, así como los otros elementos de la relación terapéutica con los que la a lianza interacciona. Consideramos que el material es útil como herramienta de entrenamiento para hacer uso del instrumento y como material docente, ya que a parecen reflejados los aspectos más importantes de la relación terapéutica entre el analista y la pareja.
During the twentieth century the concept of therapeutic alliance in psychotherapy has been shaped as an existing and necessary interpersonal relationship between the client and the therapist. Nowadays, all theoretical orientations have given to the therapeutic alliance a central role in the therapeutic relationship. Furthermore, empirical research has proved the relationship between the therapeutic alliance and the treatment efficacy in psychotherapy in numerous studies. Although the concept of the therapeutic alliance has its origin in the psychoanalytic theory, the relevance of the alliance is very different in the opinion of several authors of this orientation. For some authors, the therapeutic alliance is not relevant and can interfere in the psychoanalytic treatment, since the transference is the key element. On the other side, for other psychoanalytic authors the therapeutic alliance plays an important role in any kind of therapy. A large section of our work is devoted to do a review on the conceptualization of the alliance of the most prominent authors in the psychoanalytic field. We believe that the therapeutic alliance should be taken into consideration in any psychoanalytically oriented treatment, because if it is not properly treated, it can jeopardize the analytic work and, therefore, interpretive and non- interpretive interventions must be used when required. The therapeutic alliance is, from our point of view, an element of the therapeutic relationship different from the transference (and its respective counter-transference) and the real relationship, described both in detail in our work. In couple psychoanalytic psychotherapy, because of the great diversity of mechanism s that operate in this type of conjoint treatment, the formation and the development of the alliance become more difficult. A significant part of this work is devoted to list and describe the factors that influence the alliance as well as the dimensions of the therapeutic alliance in this type of treatment based on the System for Observing Family Therapy Alliances (SOFTA). The therapeutic alliance established by the psychotherapist and a couple who undergoes a treatment for nine sessions in the North American TV series In Treatment i s analyzed with the observational version of the SOFTA (SOFTA-o), as well as the other elements of the therapeutic relationship that interact with the alliance. We believe that the material is useful as a training tool for using the instrument and as teaching material, since the most important aspects of the therapeutic relationship between the analyst and the couple are represented.
Moreno, Sánchez Marcia Alejandra. "Relación entre la estatura real con la estimada utilizando el método del Dr. Carrea en una población peruana". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/3634.
Testo completoTesis
GÓMEZ, LAZCANO LIZETH GUADALUPE. "ESTUDIO DE LA RELACIÓN FUNCIONAL ENTRE EL NIVEL DE INFLACIÓN Y LA DEMANDA DE DINERO REAL, MÉXICO 1993-2017". Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/95397.
Testo completoAguilar, Ruiz Juan Patricio. "La relación entre el uso de las herramientas de marketing digital y la captación de leads en el sector de bienes raíces". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652105.
Testo completoThis research will seek to determine the relationship between the use of digital marketing tools and lead acquisition in the real estate sector between men and women between the ages of 26 and 45 of socioeconomic levels A and B of Metropolitan Lima. Given the relevance that internet has acquired in recent years as a promotion and sales channel and the concentration of real estate offer in the digital space, it is important to understand the effectiveness of the implementation of digital marketing tools and their relationship with current platforms for be able to efficiently complement a traditional strategy that allows to enhance lead acquisition and positively influence the final purchase decision of the real estate. Among the main results of the study, it can be concluded that, currently, digital users are mostly in the search for real estate in the coming years. They are familiar with digital platforms, real estate mechanics to obtain quality information from their potential clients and are willing to provide personal data via digital channels. Within this context, it was determined that the implementation of digital tools within the marketing strategy of real estate organizations directly impacts lead acquisition. Therefore, it is vital to know the relationship between these tools and digital users to develop a comprehensive online strategy of high impact.
Trabajo de investigación
Chávez-Arroyo, Merino Frances María. "Acciones de promoción digital del Real Beauty con relación al posicionamiento basado en imagen de marca del sector de moda en mujeres". Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652692.
Testo completoBrand communication continues to project women as an object of desire, whose purpose is to sell a product, defined by authors as beauty marketing. However, there is an international trend called "Real Beauty", which shows that beauty is not unique and standard, it’s different and special per person. Also, due to the ease of access to information, due to the evolution of media, consumers are becoming more demanding towards brands. Therefore, the objective of the research is to identify which variables of the digital promotion actions, being the use of videos and the use of influencers, have a greater relationship with the positioning based on brand image, focused on Real Beauty in the women's fashion sector. For this, the qualitative analysis will be carried out, making in-depth interviews, being 19 questions divided in 3 blocks to the target and 17 questions divided in 2 blocks to each expert, and the quantitative analysis, making a survey, based on 22 announced, directed to a sample of the population. The sample showed important findings compared to the qualitative study, because indeed, they consider that the Real Beauty concept should be better implemented in the brands of the investigated sector, generating a link beyond the transactional, looking for an emotional link. Therefore, they consider important and effective the use of different strategies for this, such as the use of videos or influencers, generating a good image and positioning in the mind of the consumer. Taking into account that in the quantitative findings, by means of the multiple linear regression, it was possible to land the qualitative results, indicating that the indicated model to analyze includes both variables, that is to say, that the analyzed promotion strategies have relation in front of the brand image, nevertheless, one is more relevant and influential. Because of this, the present research has a practical utility for the women's fashion industry. Likewise, it is functional in relation to decision making in relation to the implementation of digital promotion strategies.
Tesis
Bazán, Tineo Yolanda Victoria. "Satisfacción máxima del consumidor y su relación con los atributos de los establecimientos de comida rápida del centro comercial Real Plaza Chiclayo - 2016". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo, 2018. http://tesis.usat.edu.pe/handle/usat/1385.
Testo completoTesis
Armas, Nizama Juan Carlos, e Príncipe Stefany Ortiz. "La relación entre la experiencia de marca y el comportamiento del consumidor durante el proceso de compra en la MAC Store de Real Plaza". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656547.
Testo completoThe growth of the cosmetic industry and retail in Peru has caused the entry of new brands through specialized stores. Therefore, creating brand experience is a key point in order to differentiate from the competition. In consequence, we chose MAC Cosmetics brand for being a world leader in the cosmetics industry, for its brand influence and for its employees’ professionalism in their point of sale. In this research, it seek to validate four hypotheses like the relationship between “Brand experience” and “Consumer behavior”. As well as the relationship between “Brand experience” and each of the consumer behavior dimensions, such as mouth-to-mouth communication, ongoing purchasing intention and willingness to pay more. To accomplish this, we applied the following research structure: Firstly, we used a qualitative research through three-in-depth interviews in order to learn more about the cosmetic industry, the brand and the consumer behavior. Secondly, the quantitative analysis was a correlational research through a survey for 215 people, both men and women between the range of 18 to 45 years old, who had made at least one purchase during the last year in The Real Plaza Salaverry MAC Store. The results have shown that there exists a relationship between the above-mentioned variables of the hypotheses and the benefit that a good brand experience delivers in a MAC Cosmetics store.
Tesis
Ulloa, Pino Javiera Fernanda. "Estimación de la evapotranspiración real mediante teledetección satelital y su relación con la composición florística y estructura de la vegetación en una cuenca árida de la Región de Coquimbo". Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2014. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/149049.
Testo completoConocer las relaciones entre la estructura y el funcionamiento de los sistemas naturales es indispensable para lograr comprenderlos íntegramente y, por consiguiente, establecer estrategias efectivas de manejo y conservación de la naturaleza. El desarrollo de nuevas técnicas de modelamiento basado en teledetección satelital, ha logrado cuantificar variables funcionales del ecosistema como la evapotranspiración real (ETr). La ETr refleja la disponibilidad hídrica y energética del medio y, en zonas áridas y semiáridas, representa el mayor flujo hídrico. En este estudio, el propósito fue estimar la evapotranspiración real, mediante técnicas de teledetección satelital, y explorar su relación con la composición florística y estructura de la vegetación en una cuenca árida de la Región de Coquimbo. Para estimar la ETr se calibró el algoritmo S-SEBI, utilizando una imagen satelital del sensor ASTER y datos meteorológicos. Los atributos florísticos y estructurales de la vegetación se obtuvieron de 30 sitios de muestreo que abarcaron todo el rango de variabilidad de ETr y, adicionalmente, se evaluaron variables topográficas, derivadas de un Modelo Digital de Elevación (DEM). Se realizaron análisis estadísticos de correlación simple (r de Pearson; rs de Spearman) para explorar la relación entre la ETr y las variables vegetacionales y topográficas, y luego, se generaron modelos de regresión multivariados que permitieron predecir la ETr. Los resultados muestran que la ETr oscila entre 0,01 y 5,05 [mm d-1], con una media de 2,26 [mm d-1] y desviación estándar de 0,90 [mm d-1], y se encuentra correlacionada significativamente con numerosas variables vegetacionales y topográficas, entre las que destacan: la riqueza de especies arbóreas (rs = 0,59; p < 0,001), altura media de herbáceas (rs = 0,58; p < 0,001), altitud (r = 0,60; p < 0,001), exposición normalizada al norte (rs = -0,49; p < 0,01) y exposición normalizada al este (rs = -0,42; p < 0,05). El modelo predictivo generado con las variables antes mencionadas explica un 88% de la variabilidad de la ETr (RMSE = 0,33 [mm d-1]). Se concluye que la ETr obtenida mediante técnicas de teledetección satelital es un aporte para comprender el funcionamiento de la vegetación nativa de ambientes áridos y semiáridos.
Knowing the relationship between the structure and functioning of natural system is key to fully understand and, therefore, establish effective strategies for management and conservation of nature. The development of new modeling techniques based on satellite remote sensing, has allowed to quantify functional ecosystem variables such as actual evapotranspiration (ETr). The ETr represents the availability of water and energy of the environment and is the largest water flow in arid and semi-arid zones. In this study, the objectives were to estimate ETr using satellite remote sensing techniques and to explore its relation with the floristic composition and vegetation structure in an arid watershed of the Coquimbo Region. To estimate the ETr the S-SEBI algorithm was calibrated, by the use of one ASTER scene and meteorological data. The floristic and structural attributes of vegetation were collected from 30 sampling sites that cover the entire range of variability of ETr and, in addition, topographical features were assessed, derived from a Digital Elevation Model (DEM). Statistical analyses were performed considering simple correlations (Pearson r; Spearman rs) to explore the relationship between the ETr and the vegetation and topographical variables. Multivariate linear regression models were generated to predict ETr. The results show that the ETr varies between 0.01 and 5.05 [mm d-1], with mean ± SD 2.26 ± 0.90 [mm d-1], and is significantly correlated with several vegetation and topographical variables, among which are: the tree species richness (rs = 0.59; p < 0.001), average height of herbaceous plants (rs = 0.58; p < 0.001), altitude (r = 0.60; p < 0.001), northing aspect (rs = -0.49; p < 0.01) and easting aspect (rs = -0.42; p < 0.05). The predictive model generated with the variables previously mentioned explains 88% of the variability of ETr (RMSE = 0.33 [mm d-1]). We conclude that the ETr obtained by remote sensing techniques is a contribution to understand the functioning of native vegetation of arid and semi-arid environments.
Guimerà, Garcia Jordi. "Prevalencia de la acidosis tubular renal distal y su relación con la litiasis de fosfato cálcico". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666492.
Testo completo[cat] Introducció L'acidosi tubular renal distal (ATRD) és una alteració metabòlica a nivell renal que està íntimament relacionada amb la formació de càlculs de fosfat càlcic en la vida adulta. L'alteració urinària més característica de l'acidosi tubular renal distal és la presència de pH urinaris persistentment alcalins (pH> 6). No coneixem la prevalença d'acidosi tubular renal distal en el nostre medi de pacients amb pH urinari alcalí (pH> 6) i càlculs de fosfat càlcic. Objectiu Determinar la prevalença de ATRD en pacients amb càlculs de fosfat càlcic i pH urinari alcalí (pH> 6) usant el test de la furosemida. Com a objectius secundaris es pretén establir si existeix algun tipus de característica clínica o epidemiològica associada a la ATRD, en un intent de definir un grup de risc. Materials i mètodes S'han seleccionat 54 pacients amb història clínica en el servei d'urologia de l'H O. Son Espases, entre 18 i 65 anys, amb litiasi de fosfat càlcic i pH urinari> 6. Per escollir els pacients s'ha utilitzat la base de dades del laboratori d'investigació de litiasi renal de la U.I.B. i s'han revisat un total de 1012 pacients de la base de dades. Per al diagnòstic de ATRD hem utilitzat el test de la furosemida. S'han analitzat les variables: edat, sexe, tipus de càlcul, recurrència del càlcul, bilateralitat dels càlculs, bioquímica d'orina de 24 hores i efectes secundaris de la utilització del test de la furosemida. Es considera significació estadística p <0'05. Resultats La prevalença d'acidosi tubular renal distal en la nostra mostra és de 3 5'2% (19 pacients). No hi ha diferències pel que fa al sexe entre els grups amb diagnòstic positiu per ATRD i amb diagnòstic negatiu per ATRD (no ATRD). Els pacients del grup ATRD presenten una mitjana d'edat de 40'37 anys en comparació amb el grup no-ATRD que té una edat mitjana de 49'85 anys presentant diferències estadísticament significatives. Els 19 pacients (100%) del grup ATRD presenten malaltia litiàsica bilateral, en canvi únicament 18 pacients (51'4%) del grup no-ATRD tenen malaltia litiàsica bilateral, aquesta comparació presenta diferències estadísticament significatives amb p <0'05. En el grup de pacients de ATRD el 89'5% (17 pacients) van presentar recurrència de la seva malaltia litiàsica. En el grup negatiu per ATRD el 40% (14 pacients) van presentar recurrència. Trobem diferències estadísticament significatives (p <0'04). En l'anàlisi d'orina de 24 hores el grup ATRD presenta una concentració Ca (mg / dl) i de Citrat (mEq / L) de 18.5 i 161'09 respectivament, el grup no-ATRD presenta una concentració Ca (mg / dl) i de Citrat (mEq / L) de 13'55 i 343'20 respectivament. Les dues comparacions mostren diferències estadísticament significatives. La mitjana de potassi plasmàtic (mEq / L) és de 3'9 i 4'5 per al grup ATRD i no-ATRD respectivament, hi ha diferència estadísticament significativa. No s'han notificat efectes secundaris després de l'administració de furosemida. Conclusions Hi ha una elevada prevalença de ATRD en pacients amb pH urinari alcalí (> 6) i càlculs de fosfat càlcic. L'edat jove, la bilateralitat, la recurrència, la hipercalciúria, la
[eng Introduction Distal renal tubular acidosis (DRTA) is a metabolic disorder at the renal level that is closely related to the formation of calcium phosphate stones in adult life. The most characteristic urinary disorder of distal renal tubular acidosis is the presence of persistently alkaline urinary pH (pH> 6). We do not know the prevalence of distal renal tubular acidosis in our environment of patients with alkaline urinary pH (pH> 6) and calcium phosphate stones. Objectives The main objective is to determine the prevalence of ATRD in patients with calcium phosphate stones and alkaline urinary pH (pH> 6) using the furosemide test. Secondary objectives are to determine if there is any type of clinical or epidemiological characteristic associated with ATRD, in an attempt to define a risk group. Materials and methods A total of 54 patients with a clinical history were selected in the urology department of H. U. Son Espases, between 18 and 65 years old, with calcium phosphate stones and urinary pH> 6. A total of 1012 patients from The database of the renal lithiasis research laboratory of the U.I.B. have been reviewed. For the diagnosis of ATRD we used the furosemide test. The variables analyzed were: age, sex, type of calculation, recurrence of the calculus, bilaterality of the stones, 24-hour urine biochemistry and secondary effects of the use of the furosemide test. Statistical significance is considered p <0.05. Results The prevalence of distal renal tubular acidosis in our sample is 3 5'2% (19 patients). There are no sex differences between the groups with a positive diagnosis for DRTA and with a negative diagnosis for DRTA (non-DRTA). The patients of the DRTA group have a mean age of 40'37 years, the patients of the non-ATRD group have a mean age of 49'85 years, there is statistically significant differences. The 19 patients (100%) of the DRTA group present bilateral stone disease, whereas only 18 patients (51.4%) of the non-DRTA group have bilateral stone disease, this comparison presents statistically significant differences with p <0.05. In the DRTA 89.5% of the subjects (17 patients) had a recurrence of their stone disease. In the negative group for DRTA, 40% of the subjects (14 patients) presented recurrence. We found statistically significant differences (p <0.04). In the 24-hour urinalysis, the DRTA group presents a Ca (mg / dL) and a Citrate (mEq / L) concentration of 18.5 and 161'09 respectively, the non-DRTA group has a Ca concentration (mg/dL) and Citrate (mEq/L) of 13'55 and 343'20 respectively. Both comparisons show statistically significant differences. The mean plasma potassium (mEq/L) is 3.9 and 4.5 for the DRTA group and non-DRTA respectively, there is a statistically significant difference. No side effects have been reported after administration of furosemide.
Alberto, Casas Brenda, e Montenegro Maria Fernanda Sosa. "Nivel de hemoglobina en relación a la mortalidad en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica terminal en hemodiálisis". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12423/3326.
Testo completoBarreto, Napan Jhonatan Carlos. "Relación entre la función renal relativa calculada con sustracción y sin sustracción de fondo en el cintigrama renal estático con 99mTc-DMSA". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/11384.
Testo completoTesis
Stoyanova, Elitsa Georgieva. "Daño genómico en los pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica y su relación con el tratamiento sustitutivo". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/51482.
Testo completoThis doctoral thesis focuses on evaluation the levels of genomic damage in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) and its relationship with clinical and laboratory parameters and renal replacement therapy. We studied a total of 364 patients of whom 121 underwent hemodialysis (HD), 184 patients at different stages of kidney failure that are not yet subject to replacement therapy and 59 controls. These patients constitute a population with high incidence of various diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases that are related to genomic instability and also show high levels of oxidative damage, including DNA damage, possibly due to a decreased ability to repair lesions in the DNA. The main objectives of this study were: 1) the assessment of genomic damage in patients with CKD using the comet assay (a test widely used in biomonitoring studies of populations, clinical trials and studies of genotoxicity). 2) the evaluation of oxidative damage using the enzymes from the family of DNA repair enzymes. 3) determine possible associations between the levels of genomic damage and renal disease progression. 4) determine how the time on hemodialysis and the change of the hemodialysis technique influence the levels of DNA damage. 5) test the ability to repair DNA damage in patients undergoing replacement therapy, conducted a study of kinetics of repair. 6) study the relationship between mortality of hemodialysis patients and the levels of genomic damage. 7) identify the factors involved in the genesis of the disease. First, we evaluated the DNA damage in patients with CRF and controls. Subsequently, a study of repair capacity with 21 patients on HD was performed. The results of this thesis show that the DNA damage in the patients studied is significantly higher compared with controls. The basal DNA damage increases with the development of the disease and is negatively related to the values of glomerular filtration rate. The levels of oxidative damage are also elevated in patients with CRF compared with controls. The high mortality in patients with CRF on HD treatment is associated with the high age, with levels of C-reactive protein and the replacement therapy. The HD treatment time affects the levels of DNA damage as well, patients treated for less than a year showed basal levels of damage lower compared with those treated for over 3 years. On the other hand, the change in treatment of conventional HD to HD on-line significantly reduces oxidative damage, while this change is not observed in patients who have continued to undergo conventional HD. The pathologies presented in the population, appear not to have an affect over the levels of DNA damage. Differences in damage levels in HD patients are due to differences in the ability to repair and patients with more time on treatment of HD have higher levels of damage and reduced repair capacity.
Beneyto, Castelló Isabel. "Dislipemias en el trasplante renal y su relación con la morbimortalidad cardiovascular: un estudio longitudinal en Valencia". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de València, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/10086.
Testo completoBackground Chronic allograft disease (CAD) is the leading cause of late graft failure. Its patogenesis is poorly understood. The importante of the vascular lesions and its similarities with the atherosclerotic process have sugested that lipids may play a pathogenic role. Methods In order to determine the association between different lipid abnormalities and fibrinogen levels in the appareance of CAD we study a group of 77 kidney trasplant patients We make a follow‐up of them with clinical and laboratory parameters befote and annually after trasplantation during four years. Multiple regression analysis was carried out in order to determine which alterations were independent risk factors for CAD. Results Duing the study 19 patients (24,7%) presented CAD. Between the pretransplant parameters analyzed in the multivariate model, the independent risk factors for CAD were the hypertrigliceridemia, VLDL > 25 mg/dl and the Lp (a)> 30 mg/dl. In the same way, the analysis of postrasplant parameters show that again the hypertriglyceridemia and the Lp(a) > 30 mg/dl at one year alter transplantation were independent risk factors for CAD. HDL > 45 mg/dl at one year and dosage of CsA > 5 mg/kg at two years, were related again with a decreased risk to develop CAD. Conclusions Our results show that hypertriglyceridemia and Lp(a) elevation are risk factors for CAD appearance, indeed when they are present before trasplantation. In this context it seems to have a major importance to get an adequate control of hyperlipidemia that could help to preseve renal function as possible.
Griera, Artigas Albert. "Estructures tectòniques i la seva relació amb la vorticitat cinemàtica: casos reals i models". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/3439.
Testo completoEl focus principal d'aquest estudi és identificar els factors que controlen el plegament de capes amb gruix no homogeni i la relació entre l'asimetria d'aquests plecs i la cinemàtica de la deformació. La metodologia de treball consisteix en una combinació entre estudis de detall de camp d'aquestes estructures i la seva simulació mitjançant models teòrics, numèrics i analògics. Cadascun d'aquests mètodes té les seves avantatges i desavantatges, i en conjunt aporten dades diferenciades però compatibles entre elles.
La definició original del treball neix per a donar una explicació coherent a un conjunt d'observacions de camp de la fase de deformació D2 del Varisc de Cap de Creus (Est dels Pirineus). En aquesta zona s'observa una aparent contradicció entre el sentit de cisalla deduït mitjançant els indicadors cinemàtics i l'inferit mitjançat l'evolució de les bandes d'elevada deformació i/o l'orientació dels marcadors planars. Un d'aquests indicadors cinemàtics són un conjunt venes de quars d'gruix molt irregulars i plegades durant la D2, anomenats sigmoidal quartz-rods. Quin és el significat d'aquestes estructures, i com reconciliar la contradicció entre els sentits de cisalla són uns dels darrers objectius de l'estudi.
Primerament és fa una introducció dels aspectes principals de la mecànica de medis continus, juntament amb les teories de plegament i de dinàmica de partícules aïllades. Aquests conceptes són claus per a una comprensió correcte dels aspectes desenvolupats al llarg de tot el treball. Desprès, es realitza una descripció detallada tant de la geometria de les estructures de camp com del seu context estructural, que ens defineixen el marc d'inspiració de la modelització. Aquesta s'ha realitzat amb un increment progressiu de l'escala d'estudi: des de la geometria dels límits de capa fins a sistemes amb múltiples pertorbacions, passant per a situacions amb un única pertorbació aïllada.
Les variables independents del sistema bàsicament es troben relacionades amb aspectes de la geometria inicial, aspectes lligats a les propietats mecàniques del medi i aspectes de la cinemàtica de les condicions de contorn dels models. La investigació s'ha basat en l'anàlisi tant de la variació de les geometries com de la distribució de les components de la cinemàtica dins i al voltant de les pertorbacions. Aquests resultats ens han permès establir la viabilitat de la transició mecànica entre estructures de plegament i dinàmica de partícules. Aquesta és abrupte i asimètrica, amb un domini pels processos de buckling de capes. Els resultats són utilitzats per a definir tres nous mètodes d'anàlisi de la deformació i del grau de no coaxilitat mitjançant dades de camp. Aquests es basen en la combinació de paràmetres geomètrics simples com són l'angle d'inclinació dels flancs, dels boudins o de la foliació externa. Els mètodes són aplicats a l'àrea d'estudi obtenint resultats similars per a tots ells. S'han contrastat els resultats mitjançant altres mètodes d'estimació basats en la geometria de plecs.
Els resultats de camp són compatibles amb les interpretacions prèvies d'un règim transpressiu de la deformació D2, però s'observa un caràcter variable del grau de no coaxilitat de la deformació entre zones de baixa i alta deformació. Finalment, el conjunt de resultats obtinguts són un pas endavant cap una possible unificació de les teories de dinàmica de partícules aïllades i de plegament.
This study is concerning classical themes of structural geology as the folding of competent single-layers and the dynamics of isolated particles. However the large number of previous studies related to these topics, never has been investigated the mechanics of the geometrical transition between layers with homogeneous thickness and isolated inclusions. This transition can be visualized through layers with non homogeneous distribution of the thickness.
The major focus of this study is addressed to recognize the mean factors that govern the folding mechanics of layers with unequal thickness. A second objective is to identify the relationship between fold asymmetry and the kinematics of the deformation. The working methodology consists in a combination between detailed field study of these structures and their simulation using theoretical, numerical and analogue modelling. These methods have advantages and disadvantages and altogether contribute to solve the problem with differentiated data but compatible among them.
The initial definition of this work rise to provide a coherent interpretation to a set of field data associated to the main Variscan phase (D2) of the Cap de Creus (East of Pyrenees, Spain). In this zone, it is possible to observe an apparent contradiction between shear sense deducted from kinematics indicators and the shear sense inferred from the evolution of high strain bands and/or reorientation of structural planar markers (foliations). One of the kinematics indicators used are a set of quartz veins with irregular thickness layer and folded during the D2, called sigmoid quartz-rods. Which is the significance of these structures and how does it reconcile with the apparent contradiction between shear senses are the ultimate purposes of this study.
First of all, the basic concepts of the continuum mechanics are introduced, following with a brief of layer folding and particle dynamic theories. These concepts are fundamentals for a correct acknowledgement of the mean features developed along this thesis. After, an introduction to the field structural geology and a detailed description of the geometry of sigmoidal quartz-rods structures are exposed. These observations represent the reference frame of the subsequent modelling. A progressive dimensional scale of the effects has been used in the simulations: from the geometry of the layer interfaces to systems with a central isolated perturbation, finishing in the interaction of multiple perturbations.
The independent variables of the models are the initial geometry of the layers, the mechanical properties of the medium and the kinematics of the boundary conditions. The study is based on the analysis of variation of fold geometry and the variation of the distribution of the kinematics components inside and around flow perturbations.
Results have validated the viability of a mechanical transition between folded structures and particle dynamics. This transition is sharp and asymmetric, and is widely dominated by buckling process. Three new methods for analysis of strain and kinematical vorticity number from field data have been proposed. These methods are based on the combination of simple geometrical parameters as the fold limb angle, the boudin angle or the orientation of the foliation. The methods have been applied to the field area, obtaining for all methods similar results. The validity of these results has been contrasted with other strain methods based on fold geometry.
Field results are compatible with previous interpretation of D2 deformation as a transpressive strain regime with vertical extension, horizontal area reduction and NNW-SSE bulk shortening. But, deformation has a non-steady character, with variable degree of non-coaxility between low and high strain zones. Finally, these results represent a forward step to a viable unified theory between classical theories of folding and particle dynamics.
Expósito, Martínez Carmen. "Prevalencia de enfermedad renal inicial en población sana. Relación con el síndrome metabólico, riesgo cardiovascular y el hígado graso no alcohólico". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/454814.
Testo completoObjectives: 1. Main objectives: 1.1. To analyze the relation between the initial renal disease and the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). 1.2. To study the prevalence of initial renal disease and the factors associated to it. 1.3. To analyze the association between the initial renal disease and the metabolic syndrome (MS), and the different components which act as risk factors to renal disease. 2. Secondary objectives: 2.1. To estimate the risk of coronary disease in patients suffering from initial renal disease according to REGICOR. 2.2. To study the prevalence of hepatic disease in the general population by hepatic elastography and its predictive value for detection of hepatic fibrosis. Materials and methods: Design of the study: Cross-sectional, descriptive, multicenter, population study. Study population: Individuals between 18 and 75 years-old from 16 different medical centers selected randomly of SIAP database for the study “Early detection of hepatic disease in healthy population”. Exclusion criterion: Chronic liver disease, severe diseases at advanced stages, cognitive impairment, severe mental disease, institutionalized individuals, or people that refused to consent for the study. Variables: Sociodemographic data, anamnesis (pathological background, toxic habits), physical exploration, arterial pressure, basal blood analysis, albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) in urine samples, hepatic elastography, diagnosis of MS, REGICOR, non-invasive serological markers (FLI, NFS, FIB-4). Results: Population analyzed of 3.014 individuals: 42.5% men and 56.6% women. Prevalence of initial renal disease 3.8%, MS 28.6%, and NAFLD 39.7%. The three conditions were more frequent in men and increased with age. The initial renal disease was observed in the 7.9% of subjects with MS and in the 7.4% of subjects with NAFLD. The 4.3% of the population presented the three conditions in a concomitant manner. The factors associated to initial renal disease were overweight in the 34.8%, obesity in the 56%, prediabetes in the 53.8%, diabetes in the 43.1% and hypertension in the 59.6%. In the multivariate model, MS, NAFLD, and the male gender behaved as risk factors of initial renal disease, with an OR of 3.1 (95%CI 2.1-4.6), 3.7 (95%CI 2.3-5.8), and 3.01 (95%CI 1.74-5.23) respectively, fitted by age and gender. The initial renal disease behaved as a risk factor to NAFLD with an OR of 3.2 (95%CI 1.6-6.6). All components of SM were associated with the initial renal disease, with the exception of low levels of HDL. The ACR value (mg/g) increased with the presence of MS components, and the highest value was obtained when MS criteria were met (β=0.58; 95%CI 0.47-0.68). The 18.8% of population with REGICOR≥10 presented initial renal disease versus a 6.1% with REGICOR<10. The 9% of the individuals presented an elastography of ≥6.8 kPa, the 6.8% of ≥7.6 kPa, and the 5.8% of ≥8 kPa, which in comparison to the performed biopsies (92), classified correctly to the 32%, 39%, and 45% of patients with fibrosis respectively. The value with greater predictive capacity was 9.2 kPa (AUC 0.87). The prevalence of initial renal disease in individuals with elastography ≥6.8 kPa was 11%, with a high NFS of 14.1%, and with an elevated FIB-4 of 20%. Conclusions: The initial renal disease, the MS, and the NAFLD, are common conditions in the general population. MS and their components, except for HDL, were associated with the initial renal disease. There is a significant relation between the initial renal disease and the NAFLD. The hepatic elastography, in combination with serological markers, would be a good method to diagnose NAFLD and hepatic fibrosis in the risk population. The presence of the initial renal disease was more frequent among individuals with high REGICOR.
Sans, Atxer Laia. "Relación entre el perfil de presión arterial y el tamaño renal con la afectación subclínica de órgano diana en pacientes normotensos con poliquistosis renal autosómica dominante y sin insuficiencia renal". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/308507.
Testo completoAutosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common inherited renal disorder. New formation and progressive enlargement of tubular cysts that disrupt the normal renal architecture lead to end-stage renal disease. ADPKD accounts for the 10% of patients that require renal replacement therapy. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in ADPKD patients, linked to an early onset of hypertension and target organ damage (TOD). Both hypertension and renal volume represent two of the major progression factors of the disease and they both correlate with each other especially when renal function starts its decline. There is only few data on the relationship between renal volume and hypertension with target organ damage in normotensive ADPKD patients. The aim of this work was to determine whether in spite of normotension and normal renal function blood pressure and renal volume correlate with TOD and whether TOD is greater than in healthy population. Whether or not greater blood pressure values may be linked to a higher renin angiotensin system activation and if C cystatin could better identify early renal function decline respect to creatinine or eGFR formulas dependent on creatinine was also assessed. Sixty-two ADPKD patients and 28 healthy subjects were studied. ADPKD patients showed greater blood pressure values (even though within the normal range) and major vascular, renal and cardiac TOD. When ADPKD patients were stratified into tertiles according to their renal volume, greater vascular and renal organ damage was noticed in very early stages, with a renal volume of less than 546 ml. No differences in blood pressure were found between those patients and healthy controls. Renal enlargement was linked to an increase in blood pressure values and aggravation of TOD. A renal volume above 800 ml was associated with a worse cardiovascular situation due to significant higher blood pressure values and greater vascular, cardiac and renal TOD when compared to healthy subjects and also when highest renal volume patients were compared to lowest renal volume tertile patients. Greater changes in plasmatic C cystatin and cystatin-derived estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) fomulas were found respect to changes in creatinine or creatinine-derived eGFR fomulas along the three renal volume tertiles. The strength of the association between C cystatin and renal volume was not greater than the association between creatinine and renal volume. Higher serum angiotensin converting enzyme (ECA) activity was found in ADPKD patients compared to controls but no correlation was found between renal volume and the renin angiotensin system components. Early ADPKD and hypertension were not associated with inflammation biomarkers.
Muñoz, Toro Nicolás. "Relación de la evapotranspiración real con la humedad disponible del suelo en ecosistemas naturales de zonas áridas". Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2013. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/148218.
Testo completoLa humedad del suelo es una variable fundamental en términos agronómicos y en el manejo de recursos naturales, usualmente estimada de manera puntual. Para su caracterización espacial, en los últimos años se han desarrollado varias técnicas que incluyen herramientas de SIG y percepción remota como insumos. Aun cuando se reportan resultados promisorios, no se emplean como práctica habitual en el manejo de recursos naturales debido a la falta de estudios que permitan caracterizar las relaciones entre distintos aspectos ecosistémicos dentro de lugares de importancia ecológica, como lo son las zonas áridas de nuestro país. En particular, se ha demostrado que la evapotranspiración diaria ( ) representa un buen descriptor de variaciones espaciales del agua intercambiada con la atmósfera. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las relaciones entre y la Humedad Aprovechable ( ) en distintas zonas topográficas de una cuenca árida en la Región de Coquimbo. Se estimó la del 23 de Septiembre de 2003, además de productos topográficos de primer y segundo orden derivados del Modelo Digital de Elevación (DEM) ASTER. Se obtuvieron mediciones de variables texturales y de humedad del suelo en 30 ubicaciones, y se analizaron las relaciones entre y la humedad, topografía vs humedad y vs texturas y finalmente entre y humedad en zonas topográficas distintas, evaluando las relaciones en forma separada. De las variables topográficas simples, la pendiente explica 29% del contenido de agua en el suelo y (índice de posición topográfica derivado del DEM) a 5000 metros explica un 20%. El mismo explica un 14% de y 36% del porcentaje de limo. El índice de geoforma muestra resultados prometedores en la descripción de texturas El análisis segmentado por criterios topográficos entre y representa mejoras en el ajuste y significancia de la regresión a varias escalas. Sin embargo se hace hincapié a considerar que las clasificaciones topográficas dependen mucho de los parámetros con que opera el algoritmo, y no existe un único criterio de clasificación. Se concluye que la registrada posterior a eventos pluviométricos del año 2003 posee relación significativa con la capacidad de almacenamiento hídrico del suelo en zonas de pendientes medias en la cuenca de Las Cardas.
Many ecological processes are affected by soil moisture, which is essential in fields of agronomy and management of renewable natural resources. In the last years, Remote sensing and GIS tools has been used for spatial characterization of soil moisture. Although promising results, this tools are not used as a routine practice in the management of natural resources due to the lack of knowledge in relationships between different ecosystem components in ecological significant areas, such as arid zones. In particular, the daily evapotranspiration ( ) is a key variable, because is strongly driven by soil moisture. The objective of the study is to determine the relationships between and Available Soil Moisture ( ) over different topographical zones in an arid watershed of the Coquimbo Region. Daily actual Evapotranspiration for September 23th of 2003 and first and second order topographic products were mapped from ASTER imagery. Data of variables related to soil moisture and textures were retrieved from 30 locations. The relationship between moisture vs and textures vs topography were evaluated. Amongst the simple topographic variables, slope explained 29% of the water content; meanwhile 5000 meter radius explains 14% of and 36% of Silt percent. The moisture vs relationship in different topographical zones improves the fitting and significance of the regression at various observational scales. However, the topographic classifications strongly rely on the parameters of the algorithms, because there is no single criterion for classification. It is concluded that of September 23th of 2003 has significant relationship with for Middle Slope zones in Las Cardas watershed.
Nogueira, Nazar André. "Valoración de la Función Ventricular Izquierda en la Cirrosis Hepática: Relación con la Hemodinámica Sistémica y la Disfunción Renal". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/663895.
Testo completoMarín, Martínez Carmen. "Theory and practice of equilibrium real exchange rates. looking into the euro-area empirical evidence". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/4045.
Testo completoEn particular, el capítulo uno analiza cómo la respuesta del enfoque clásico a la relación entre el crecimiento económico de un país y su tipo de cambio real de largo plazo puede ser enriquecido con la consideración de un modelo más general de equilibrio intertemporal. En este capítulo consideramos un modelo simple de crecimiento exógeno en el que se imponen las condiciones de equilibrio internas, externas e intertemporales de un modelo macroeconómico estándar. El principal resultado de esta consideración es que la relación defendida por la hipótesis de Balassa-Samuelson deja de cumplirse necesariamente. En nuestro enfoque particular, la relación bilateral de la que se ha hecho mención dependerá de un parámetro que mide la propensión al ahorro en la economía. Por tanto, la probabilidad de acabar con una relación positiva entre crecimiento y tipo de cambio -tal y como predice la teoría clásica- será mayor cuando la economía es capaz de mantener una propensión al ahorro mínima. Adicionalmente, dado que en nuestro modelo se considera una función de consumo keynesiana, algunas soluciones explosivas pueden ser posibles.
El capítulo dos da un paso adicional y, siguiendo el enfoque de equilibrio macroeconómico, presenta un modelo estructural micro-fundamentado para determinar el tipo de cambio real de largo plazo de una economía desarrollada. En concreto, el análisis sigue la estructura de un modelo Natrex. La principal contribución de este segundo capítulo es el desarrollo de un esquema teórico sólido que analiza en profundidad los fundamentos del tipo de cambio real y los detalles de la dinámica del equilibrio tras determinados shocks que modifican el estado estacionario. En nuestro caso, los factores intertemporales derivados de la relación entre flujos y stock van a ser especialmente determinantes. Los principales resultados del capítulo se resumen como sigue. En primer lugar, se desarrolla un modelo estructural completo para el tipo de cambio real de largo plazo partiendo de las decisiones individuales de los agentes. Además, de la dinámica particular del modelo se deduce que son necesarias algunas restricciones particulares para la convergencia. Finalmente, se obtienen algunas conclusiones interesantes sobre los efectos que sobre el tipo de cambio real tienen determinados shocks sobre las exógenas del modelo.
Por ultimo, el capítulo tres aplica el modelo teórico previo al caso del euro con una doble contribución. En primer lugar el modelo Natrex se consigue estimar en su verdadera forma estructural. Hasta el momento los modelos Natrex solamente habían sido estimados de forma reducida o semi-reducida. En segundo lugar, el modelo se aplica al tipo de cambio efectivo del euro -en el período que va desde 1970 hasta 2000- haciendo uso de observaciones trimestrales que se obtienen de la base de datos AWM del BCE. En este sentido se contribuye a la creciente literatura empírica que trata de determinar el valor fundamental del euro con una de las más completas bases de datos conocida hasta el momento para el periodo previo a la tercera etapa del euro. El diseño del modelo permite concluir acerca de los principales períodos de sobre e infravaloración de la moneda, siendo particularmente interesante la infravaloración real significativa que se obtiene al final del período analizado.
The main goal of this PhD memory is the analysis of the real exchange rate behaviour in a medium and long run horizon. With this objective we develop three different research papers on the topic that, presented in different chapters, conform the main body of the job.
In particular, chapter one analyses how the classical answer to the empirical relationship between the economic growth of a country and its long run real exchange rate can be enriched through the consideration of a more general, balanced growth, intertemporal equilibrium model. In this chapter, we consider a simple exogenous growth model where it is imposed the internal, external and intertemporal equilibrium conditions of a typical macroeconomic model; this last one through the inclusion of a balanced growth path for the foreign assets accumulation. The main result under this consideration is that the relationship defended by the Balassa-Samuelson hypothesis is no more so straightforward. In our particular approach, the mentioned bilateral relationship depends on a parameter measuring thriftiness in the economy. Therefore, the probability of ending up with a positive relationship between growth and real exchange rates -as the classical economic theory predicts- will be higher when the economy is able to maintain a minimum saving ratio. Moreover, given that our model considers a simple Keynesian consumption function, some explosive paths can be possible.
Chapter two gives a step forward and, following a general equilibrium macroeconomic approach, sets a closed micro-founded structural model to determine the long run real exchange rate of a developed economy. In particular, the analysis follows the structure of a Natrex model. The main contribution of this second chapter is the development of a solid theoretical framework that analyse in depth the basis of the real exchange rate and the details of the equilibrium dynamics after any shock influencing the steady state. In our case, the intertemporal factors derived from the stock-flow relationship will be particularly determinant. The main results of the chapter can be summarised as follows. In first place, a complete well-integrated structural model for long-run real exchange rate determination is developed from first principles. Moreover, within the concrete dynamics of the model, it is found that some convergence restrictions will be necessary. On one hand, for the medium run convergence the sensitivity of the trade balance to changes in real exchange rate should be higher that the correspondent one to the investment decisions. On the other hand, and regarding long-run convergence, it is also necessary both that there exists a negative relationship between investment and capital stock accumulation and that the global saving of the economy depends positively on net foreign debt accumulation. In addition, there are also interesting conclusions about the effects that certain shocks over the exogenous variables of the model have on real exchange rates.
Finally chapter three uses the previous theoretical model to check its performance in the particular case of the euro. Its contribution is two-fold. First of all, the Natrex model is estimated in its true structural form. So far the Natrex models had only been estimated in reduced forms or semi-reduced forms. Secondly, the model is applied to the effective euro exchange rate -period going from 1970 to 2000- using quarterly observations from the database of the ECB's area wide model (AWM). We thus contribute to the growing literature on the euro's fundamental value by using one of the more comprehensive databases for pre-Stage III euro area data available so far. According to our structural model we can conclude about the main periods of over and undervaluation of the euro, being particularly interesting the significant undervaluation obtained at the end of the period under analysis.
León, Laguna Gloria. "Relación entre la Intervención de Enfermería en pacientes adultos nuevos sometidos a hemodiálisis, frente a las Nuevas Necesidades para su autocuidado en el servicio de hemodiálisis del Hospital Nacional “Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen” Febrero – Diciembre de 2008". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Ricardo Palma, 2009. http://cybertesis.urp.edu.pe/handle/urp/366.
Testo completoRamos, Orejon Jhon Andy. "Niveles de cistatina C y su relación con la función renal y el perfil de riesgo coronario. Lima, 2016 – 2017". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/7722.
Testo completoEn los últimos años se ha demostrado que la enfermedad renal crónica y la cardiopatía isquémica tienen diversos factores de riesgo y mecanismos de progresión en común. La determinación de cistatina C, un inhibidor de las cisteín-proteasas, está adquiriendo importancia como marcador de la función renal y como predictor del riesgo cardiovascular, sin embargo no se han encontrado estudios en la población peruana sobre la relación de estas variables. El objetivo de esta investigación es la de analizar los niveles de cistatina C y su relación con la función renal y el perfil de riesgo coronario en pacientes del Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, EsSalud. Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo analítico, observacional de tipo transversal. Se tuvo como muestra para el modelo predictor la prevalencia estimada para insuficiencia renal de 3% con un error alfa de 0.05 y precisión deseada 0.05, resultó en un tamaño de muestra de 377. Los sujetos fueron seleccionados a través de muestreo aleatorio estratificado. Para la comparación de valores medios de variables paramétricas se aplicó la prueba t para muestras independientes. Para la comparación de medianas de variables no paramétricas se empleó Mann-Whitney. Para comparar proporciones utilizamos la prueba de chi-cuadrado. Se utilizó regresión múltiple para la identificación la relación entre las variables. Se realizó un modelo de análisis multivariante para confirmar la persistencia de la relación función renal y el perfil de riesgo coronario con los niveles de cistatina C ajustado a género y edad. Se consideró un nivel de significancia de p<.05. Los resultados fueron de 187 (48%) pacientes presentaron Cistatina C elevada (ajustada por edad). Se encontró correlación gradual y significativa entre los niveles elevados de cistatina C, el perfil renal (creatinina: p<0.001, úrea: p=0.002) y los componentes cLDL (p=0.021) y cVLDL (p=0.002) del perfil de riesgo coronario. Los resultados muestran que las variables creatinina, úrea, cLDL y el cVLDL están relacionadas significativamente con cistatina C y explican las variaciones en la concentración y los niveles elevados de esta proteína.
Tesis
Rodríguez, García Eva. "Activación del sistema del complemento en la insuficiencia renal aguda y su relacion con otras vías inflamatorias". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/315283.
Testo completoThe main objective of this study is to establish if complement pathway is activated in human Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), as suggested by pre-clinical studies. Secondary objectives are to determine if other inflammatory pathways are activated, represented by interleukin-6, interleukin-10 and NGAL or Lipocalin-2 as a marker of the neutrophil activation. For this purpose, we evaluated the lytic complex of the complement pathway or Membrane Attack Complex (MAC) in plasma, using ELISA-HS techniques or in kidney tissue by immunochemistry staining. We included 156 patients, 52.6% of them with AKI and 47,4% under the same clinical conditions but with normal kidney function. The study enrolled different AKI etiologies (septic, nephrotoxic, ischemia-reperfusion and multifactorial). Plasma results show that MAC concentrations are significant higher in AKI patients. Furthermore, plasmatic MAC concentrations are related with clinical parameters of severity, AKI patients with higher MAC plasmatic levels need renal replacement therapy during hospitalization and show delayed recovery of renal function. Our data suggest that MAC concentrations during AKI episode could have influence in mid-term renal function, in such a way that the patients developing chronic kidney disease or those suffering new AKI episodes during 3-years follow up, show higher MAC concentrations in the first AKI episode. AKI patients show significantly higher plasmatic IL-6 and Lipocalin-2 concentrations than those with normal kidney function. These concentrations are related with clinical severity parameters and show different degrees of correlation with MAC plasmatic levels. IL-10 is significant higher in critically ill patients who die during an AKI episode. Immunohistochemistry staining results show linear deposits of MAC in tubular basal membranes of AKI patients. Immunohistochemistry staining for Factor H, the main regulator of alternative pathway, shows cytoplasmic pattern with high intensity in AKI patients, displaying a correlation between intensity of staining and histologic patterns of acute tubular necrosis. Plasmatic concentrations of Factor H do not show differences between AKI patients and patients with a normal renal function.
Alvites, Flores Maribel Yanet, e Leon Diana Carolina Moreno. "Relación entre consumo de energía y macronutrientes y reserva calórica – proteica en pacientes con tratamiento hemodialítico del Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/14308.
Testo completoDetermina la relación entre el consumo de energía y macronutrientes y la reserva calórica - proteica en 31 pacientes adultos con insuficiencia renal crónica terminal en tratamiento hemodialítico en el Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo, Lima, atendidos en forma ambulatoria durante los meses febrero y marzo del 2011. No se aplicó ningún método de muestreo, la muestra estuvo conformada por toda la población haciendo uso del consentimiento informado. Se aplicó el recordatorio de 24 horas en la misma semana para finalmente tomar las medidas antropométricas; tales como, talla, pliegue cutáneo tricipital (PCT) y circunferencia braquial (CB), para luego determinar la circunferencia muscular del brazo (CMB). Las principales medidas de resultados fueron consumo de energía y macronutrientes (recordatorio de 24 horas) y reserva calórica – proteica. (PCT y CMB). Según la ingesta alimentaria, el promedio de kcal/kg de peso ideal/día fue de 24,9 y el promedio del consumo de proteínas fue de 0,9 g/ kg de peso ideal/día, en ambos casos no llegando a cubrir sus requerimientos nutricionales. Con respecto, al porcentaje de calorías provenientes de los macronutrientes en la dieta, los carbohidratos representaron el 61%, mientras que los lípidos el 25%. En relación al estado nutricional; según la reserva calórica se encontró: 51,6% desnutrición, 19,4% normal, 16,1% exceso de peso y el 12,9% obesidad. Según la reserva proteica se encontró: 71% desnutrición y 29% normal. Y el 38% desnutrición calórico - proteica. Solo se encontró correlación entre la adecuación de la circunferencia muscular del brazo (CMB) y la porcentaje de calorías provenientes de los Lípidos (r=0,547; p<0,05). Estos pacientes en tratamiento de Hemodiálisis no cubren sus requerimientos nutricionales diarios, siendo la adecuación de energía 71,2% y de proteínas 74,4%. La desnutrición calórica y proteica es predominante. Solo se determinó correlación positiva y significativa entre el porcentaje de calorías proveniente de los lípidos y la adecuación del CMB (reserva proteica). Las calorías provenientes de los lípidos en la dieta presentan una mayor adecuación de la reserva proteica, ya que disponen de energía para la utilización de las proteínas ingeridas permitiendo una mejor síntesis muscular, expresada como la reserva proteica (adecuación de CMB). Para explicar y corroborar este hallazgo se recomienda en estudios posteriores evaluar también los tipos de aminoácidos y grasas provenientes de la dieta.
Tesis
Juega, Mariño Francisco Javier. "Estudio de la prevalencia de enfermedad renal, marcadores urinarios asociados y su relación con alteraciones histológicas en pacientes con infección por vih-1". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/405708.
Testo completoA doctoral thesis was carried out with several stages of development. In the first stage, the prevalence of renal disease (GFR <60 ml / min by MDRD) was explored among the population with HIV infection in our environment, and its relationship with risk factors present in this population. Among 1496 patients, the prevalence of renal disease was 4.9%, higher than in the general population of similar age. The vast majority of these patients were in Stage III KD. The markers of renal disease and evolutionary deterioration were older age, hypertension and diabetes and high inflammatory status, poorer immune control, and antiretroviral therapy with Tenofovir. The prevalence of urinary disorders as markers of renal disease in this population was determined. Among 970 patients studied, the prevalence of urinary disorders was 32%, manifested as an increase in urinary albumin excretion, regardless of renal function. Risk factors were elevated age, high blood pressure and antiretroviral therapy (Tenofovir associated with protease inhibitors). We then studied the role of antiretroviral therapy in the development of renal disease in HIV + patients. Among those 377 patients treated with protease inhibitors, the prevalence of renal impairment expressed as elevated urinary excretion of albumin, hematuria, glucosuria, and / or hypophosphatemia was elevated regardless of concomitant treatment with Tenofovir. The protease inhibitors that showed less renal involvement were Lopinavir / Ritonavir. Subsequently, a work was done to evaluate the best methodology in the analysis of peptidoma in plasma of these patients. It was observed that the use of containers with protease inhibitors (P100) for plasma peptidoma analysis compared to standard containers only showed significant advantages in performing the processing immediately after the samples were obtained. The results matched a few hours later. Finally, a study was conducted to explore the histological alterations through renal biopsy of patients with HIV infection who met selection criteria and to correlate these findings, the renal function of these patients and their urinary alterations, with the pattern of peptidoma in Plasma and urine. High heterogeneity was observed in the histological findings of renal biopsies of patients with HIV infection. The most frequent diagnosis was FSGS Significant differences were found between plasma and urinary peptidoma in patients with HIV infection and the general population, with increased urine detection of alpha-1-antitrypsin and decreased detection of uromodulin in HIV + patients. A greater detection of uromodulin in urinary peptidoma with absence of HIV infection and conserved renal function was associated, representing a favorable marker of renal health. A higher detection of A1AT in urinary peptidoma was associated with the presence of HIV infection and increased renal involvement among HIV + patients, being a negative prognostic marker of renal disease in these patients. Patients with HIV infection who showed signs of increased renal involvement and renal biopsy showed significant differences in their urinary peptidoma, presenting higher A1AT and lower UMOD than the other patients with HIV infection studied. The histological diagnosis of focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis was related to a urinary peptidic profile differentiated from the rest of the study population, characterized by higher levels of A1AT and lower levels of urine UMOD. Three published articles were written, being accepted two of them like writing of doctoral thesis by compendium of articles.
Aguerrevere, Ludewig Susana. "Eventos cardiovasculares, neoplasias y mortalidad en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en hemodiálisis y su relación con stweak y otros marcadores de inflamación". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/456209.
Testo completoIntroduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated to a high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The causes for this predisposition are related to the classics cardiovascular risk factors as well as those related to the hemodialysis (HD) therapy and to unconventional risk factors as inflammation in CKD pluripathologic patients. By the other hand, CKD patients are predisposed to cancer due to multiple factors, including immunological system dysfunction, owing to changes in inflammatory status and oxidative stress in CKD patients; genetic factors; cystic degeneration of the renal structure in the nonfunctioning kidneys; among others. Tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK), a inflammatory marker member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily, occurs naturally in two forms: as transmembrane glycoprotein and as a soluble ligand (sTWEAK), and is implicated in multiple biological functions such as cellular proliferation and differentiation, angiogenesis, and apoptosis. Reduced levels of sTWEAK in both tissue and plasma have been associated with diseases with an inflammatory component, such as endothelial dysfunction and CKD; in this context, patients with low sTWEAK levels have a worse cardiovascular prognosis. By other hand, it has been observed that, given the proapoptotic function of TWEAK, this cytokine could be associated with the pathogenesis of cancer. To date, it has not yet been studied the sTWEAK implication in HD patients with cancer. Aim: The aim of this study was to measure sTWEAK and other inflammatory markers in a group of patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis to help further elucidate the possible association of this molecule with the cardiovascular morbidity, mortality and the presence of cancer. Patients and methods: We conducted a 7 year follow-up study of 126 CKD patients undergoing HD. We determinated the presence of cardiovascular events and cancer lesions before and after the follow-up period and registered the mortality during this time. We measured sTWEAK and other inflammatory markers in serum. Results: 64% of the patients died throughout the 7 years of follow-up. The principal causes of death were infeccious (18%) and cardiovascular (16%) . HD patients with lower serum sTWEAK concentrations (< 409 pg/ml, P25) were at higher risk to die. With regard to inflammatory parameters, an inverse correlation was observed only between sTWEAK levels and IL-6 (R= -0.250; p= 0.015), with no correlation between sTWEAK levels and CRP or TNF-α. Multivariate Cox regression analysis (dependent variable: mortality; covariables: sex, age, sTWEAK concentrations, renal transplant, cardiovascular events, creatinin, calcium-phosphorus product and PCR values,) showed that serum sTWEAK below the P25: 409 pg/ml (RR: 0,52; p= 0.026) to be independent marker of mortality as well as age, male sex, creatinin low values, cardiovascular events and renal transplant. By the other hand, 27% of cancer lesions were diagnosticated before and during the 7 years of follow-up. Multivariate logistic regression analysis using cancer as a dependent variable and age, sex, months on dialysis, history of smoking, history of glomerular disease, serum IL-6, PCR, TNF-α, and serum sTWEAK concentrations as covariables showed that low sTWEAK in serum (P25: ≤ 409pg/mL) was an independent biomarker for cancer (OR= 3,012; p=0,034). Conclusions: patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis have a high prevalence of cancer, cardiovascular disease and mortality. Low levels of sTWEAK represent a marker of malignancy and worse survival prognosis.
De, los Santos Vargas Karina Juana. "Calidad de vida y su relación con las estrategias de afrontamiento de los pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica en tratamiento de hemodiálisis en un hospital 2016". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/6112.
Testo completoTesis
Huamán, Frisancho Edgard Alexei. "Relación entre el estudio metabólico y el tipo de litiasis renal, en pacientes operados en el Servicio de Urología del Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza, 2005-2007". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2008. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/12628.
Testo completoTrabajo académico
Ramírez, Alvarez Emilia Roxana. "Inmunosupresión con esquema triple de Micofenolato Mofetil combinado con Ciclosporina y Prednisona, para el tratamiento antirrechazo del transplante renal y su relación con la infección por Citomegalovirus". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2003. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/1924.
Testo completoTesis de segunda especialidad
Vilcahuamán, Izarra Mario Ramiro. "Ecocardiografía Doppler con evaluación del índice de resistencia y su relación con los cambios histopatológicos en pacientes que recibieron transplante renal en el Hospital Cayetano Heredia, 2007-2012". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/12910.
Testo completoLa presente investigación tiene como objetivo determinar la relación del índice de resistencia del examen Doppler de los riñones trasplantados con disfunción y los resultados histopatológicos de las biopsias. Se analizaron 29 pacientes que recibieron transplante renal y presentaron disfunción renal post operatoria en el Hospital Cayetano Heredia, en el departamento de Urología, durante el período Diciembre del año 2007 a Diciembre del año 2012. El método del estudio es observacional, de tipo retrospectivo y descriptivo, analítico y correlacional. Los resultados evidencian que el 62.0% del total de pacientes tienen edad menor de 19 años; el 37.9% son de 19 años o mayores. El 69% correspondió a varones y el 31% a mujeres. El 62.1% tiene riñón procedente de la madre, mientras que el 17.2% recibió el riñón de un cadáver. El 65.5% presenta Glomerulopatía primaria como causa de la insuficiencia renal crónica terminal. El promedio de la creatinina sérica es de 1.6 mg/dl., con una desviación estándar de 0.5 mg/dL. El 93.1% de los casos examinados tiene un índice de resistencia (IR) a nivel de la arteria interlobar del riñón transplantado considerado normal y solo el 3.4% tienes un IR patológico. El promedio del índice de resistencia encontrado es de 0.61 con una desviación estándar de 0.089.. En cuanto a los resultados de las biopsias el 58.6% de los pacientes presentan una Fibrosis Interticial y atrofia Tubular; el 10.3 % presentó necrosis tubular aguda, otro 10.3 % tiene rechazo celular agudo de tipo vascular, un caso (3.4%) presentó rechazo crónico por anticuerpos y rechazo crónico por células simultáneamente. Se encuentra que no existe relación entre el IR medido y la biopsia con ecografía Doppler simultáneos. La investigación concluye que la ecografía Doppler con medición del índice de resistencia no permite orientarnos hacia un diagnóstico específico en el riñón trasplantado con disfunción. El valor de IR menor de 0.7 no excluye el diagnóstico de rechazo al transplante renal.
Trabajo académico
Maturrano, Ascencio Christian Joseph. "Valor diagnóstico del radiorrenograma con DTPA-TC99m para la estimación de tasa de filtración glomerular en relación a la ecuación de cockroft gault en pacientes mayores de 25 años con enfermedad renal crónica hospital Central PNP Luis N. Sáenz en el periodo marzo – mayo 2015". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/4326.
Testo completoI. Purpose -. To determine the diagnostic value of Radiorrenograma with DTPA-Tc99m studying, to estimate glomerular filtration rate in patients with chronic kidney disease at Central Hospital of the National Police of Peru " Luis N. Sáenz. Design: Observational, descritptive, porspective and cross-sectioanl study. Institution: Central Hospital of the National Police of Peru "Luis N. Sáenz, Lima, Peru. Materials: Medical Records II. interventions.- study of medical records of patients with a sample population, which no probabilistic. Of which not meet the inclusion criteria were a total of 34 medical records, and these 20 males and 14 females who are within an age range of 25 years more The sample was obtained bye reviewing medical recods each, they presented a report of the laboratory test with glomerular flitration and the order of study of Radiorrenograma with DTPA-Tc99m between the period March – may 2015 III. Main outcome measures-. Sentitivity, specificity, positive an negative predictive value of Radiorrenograma with DTPA-Tc99m for estimating glomerular filtration. Results: With the data collected; the diagnostic value of Radiorrenograma with DTPA-Tc99m for estimating glomerular filtration was calculated.Radiorrenograma with DTPA-Tc99m sensitivy is 69.23 % (95% CI, 40.30% to 98.17%); a specificity of 90.48 % (95% CI, 75.54% to 100%); a positive predictive value of 81.82 % (95% CI, 54.48% to 100%) and negative predictive value of 82.61 % (95% CI, 64.94 % al 100%) for estimating glomerular filtration. IV. Conclusions -. The Radiorrenograma with DTPA - Tc99m is right isotopic study for estimating GFR in chronic renal disease. Keywords: Radiorrenograma; DTPA – Tc99m; glomerular filtration; Chronic kidney diseas
Tesis
Mota, Clebson dos Santos. "A influ?ncia da rela??o afetiva entre professores e estudantes do curso de Educa??o F?sica da UEFS no processo de forma??o acad?mica". Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, 2017. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/574.
Testo completoMade available in DSpace on 2018-01-29T22:38:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 A Influ?ncia da Rela??o Afetiva entre professores e estudantes do Curso de Educa??o F?sica da UEFS no processo de forma??~1.pdf: 1818263 bytes, checksum: f34651c6b42d677682b6285158c9134c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-25
La investigaci?n que dio origen a esta tesis de maestr?a, desarrollada en el Programa de posgrado en Educaci?n de la Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, tuvo por objetivo general Comprender la influencia de la relaci?n afectiva entre profesores y estudiantes del curso de Educaci?n F?sica de la UEFS, en el proceso de formaci?n acad?mica. El estudio es de abordaje cualitativo en la construcci?n de los datos, se utiliz? la entrevista semi estructurada del tipo cuestiones de estimulo. El contenido fue compuesto por siete estudiantes del curso de educaci?n f?sica y 4 profesores. El estudio est? basado en autores como Ribeiro (2004, 2006 2009, 2010, 2011), Dantas (1992), Day (2011), Freire (1996, 1997, 2005), Freitas (1995), Leite (2005), Luckesi (1995), Piagget (1976), Pinto (2009), Dam?sio (2000), Pozzo (2009), Sayla (2012), Balzan (2015), Coulon (2008) Tardif (2008), Tassoni (2000, 2013, 2015), Vygotski (1991, 1996). El an?lisis de datos fue inspirado en el An?lisis de Contenidos de Bardin (1997). Con el estudio de los datos construimos dos categor?as. El primero habla sobre el perfil del estudiante en la ense?anza superior y el segundo sobre relaci?n entre profesores y estudiantes. Para mejor estructura de datos, las categor?as fueron separadas en subcategor?as. Los resultados obtenidos apuntan que los sentidos atribuidos por los colaboradores de la investigaci?n en relaci?n a la afectividad vinculase: a las pr?cticas del docente en relaci?n a los estudiantes; a las cualidades personales del docente y de los discentes. Se hizo evidente la necesidad de la reflexi?n sobre la propia pr?ctica y la formaci?n continuada de los profesores de la educaci?n superior. Adem?s, los resultados revelan que el profesor afectivo es cercano, solidario, acogedor, preocupase con las necesidades formativas de los estudiantes, respeta las diferencias culturales, dedicase a la profesi?n, es amigo, tiene sensibilidad, flexibilidad y humanidad al tratar de las dificultades cognitivas y afectivas de los estudiantes.
A pesquisa que deu origem a esta disserta??o de Mestrado, desenvolvida no Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Educa??o da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), teve por objetivo geral: Compreender a influ?ncia da rela??o afetiva entre professores e estudantes do curso de Educa??o F?sica da UEFS, no processo de forma??o acad?mica. O estudo ? de abordagem qualitativa, na constru??o dos dados utilizamos a entrevista semiestruturada do tipo quest?es est?mulo. A amostra foi composta por quatro professores e sete estudantes do curso de Educa??o F?sica. O estudo se referenciou em autores como Ribeiro (2004, 2006 2009, 2010, 2011), Dantas (1992), Day (2011), Freire (1996, 1997, 2005), Freitas (1995), Leite (2005), Luckesi (1995), Piagget (1976), Pinto (2009), Dam?sio (2000), Pozzo (2009), Sayla (2012), Balzan (2015), Coulon (2008) Tardif (2008), Tassoni (2000, 2013, 2015), Vygotski (1991, 1996), A an?lise dos dados foi inspirada na An?lise de Conte?dos de Bardin (1997). Com a an?lise dos dados constru?mos duas categorias. A primeira fala sobre o perfil do estudante na educa??o superior e a segunda sobre professores e estudantes na rela??o educativa. Para uma melhor estrutura??o dos dados, as categorias foram divididas em subcategorias. . Os resultados obtidos apontam que os sentidos atribu?dos pelos colaboradores da pesquisa em rela??o ? afetividade se vinculam: ?s atitudes do docente em rela??o aos estudantes; ?s qualidades pessoais do docente e dos discentes. Ficou evidente a necessidade da reflex?o sobre a pr?pria pr?tica e a forma??o continuada dos professores da educa??o superior. Al?m disso, os resultados revelam que o professor afetivo ? pr?ximo, solid?rio, acolhedor, preocupa-se com as necessidades formativas dos estudantes, respeita as diferen?as culturais, dedica-se ? profiss?o, ? amigo, tem sensibilidade, flexibilidade e humanidade ao tratar das dificuldades cognitivas e afetivas dos estudantes.
Fuente, González M. Josefa. "Carcinomas cutáneos en los pacientes receptores de un trasplante renal. estudio de su incidencia, identificación de las variables clínicas relacionadas e investigación de su relación con la infección por el virus del papiloma humano". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/4432.
Testo completoObjectivos : Investigar, prospectivamente, la incidencia acumulada de lesiones cancerosas y precancerosas así como sus factores de riesgo en un grupo RTRs con un estrecho seguimiento del área mediterránea de España. Evaluación del espectro de tipos de VPH detectados en las lesiones cutáneas de los RTRs comparándolo con los que se observen en las lesiones de los pacientes inmunocompetentes.
Pacientes y métodos: Se incluyeron en el estudio 174 RTRs que fueron revisados en el momento del trasplante y cada 6 meses. Se calculó la incidencia acumulada y para analizar el papel potencial de los diferentes factores de riesgo (edad en el momento del trasplante, causa del fallo renal, duración de la diálisis previa al trasplante, tipo de régimen inmunosupresor, fototipo e historia de exposición solar ocupacional se utilizó la regresión de Cox.
Resultados : Tras una media de seguimiento de 72 meses (rango 12-140), 39 pacientes (25,3%) desarrollaron 142 tumores [84 carcinomas basocelulares (CB) y 58 carcinomas escamosos (CE)]. El ratio CB/ CE fue de 1,4 : 1. La incidencia acumulada para los carcinomas cutáneos fue del 13% a los 3 años del trasplante incrementándose a un 27,5% a los 6 años y un 48% a los 10 años. Sólo la edad en el momento del trasplante y la exposición solar ocupacional demostraron ser factores de riesgo estadísticamente demostrados (P < 0,001). Hemos detectado el VPH en un 22% del total de las lesiones analizadas, el 42% de las lesiones fueron positivas y sólo se detectó VPH en 2 queratosis precancerosas y 1 un carcinoma basocelular.
Conclusiones: Nuestro estudio confirma la elevada incidencia de carcinomas cutáneos de nuestro medio siendo la exposición solar ocupacional y la edad en el momento del trasplante los factores de riesgo principales para su desarrollo. Nosotros creemos que esto justifica que todos los pacientes receptores de un órgano trasplantado sean incluidos en un programa educacional sobre la prevención de los factores de riesgo y al mismo tiempo se realice un seguimiento por dermatólogos para facilitar el diagnóstico y tratamiento precoz. Creemos que a baja sensibilidad demostrada por la técnica que hemos utilizado para la detección del virus del papiloma humano no nos permite obtener conclusiones a este respecto.
Background Skin cancer is the most common malignancy occurring in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). Available data concerning the detection of human papillomavirus in cutaneous lesions of KTRs are conflicting.
Objectives: Our purpose was to investigate, prospectively, the cumulative incidence of cancerous and precancerous skin lesions as well as their risk factors in a close follow-up population of KTRs from a Mediterranean area of Spain. Evaluate the spectrum of HPV-types in cutaneous lesions from KTRs comparing it with those observed in immunocompetent patient.
Patients and methods: One hundred and seventy-four consecutive KTRs were examined at the moment of transplant and then at 6-month intervals. The cumulative incidence of skin cancer was computed. To analyse the role of potential risk factors (age at transplantation, cause of renal failure, duration of pretransplant dialysis, type of immunosuppressive regimen, sun-reactive skin type and history of occupational sun exposure), the Cox regression method was used. HPV was studied, using consensus primers of L1, in 184 skin biopsy specimens corresponding to 64 KTRs and 43 immunocompetent.
Results: After a median follow-up of 72 months (range, 12-140), 39 patients (25,3%) developed 142 tumours [84 basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and 58 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)]. The BCC/SCC ratio was 1,4 : 1. The cumulative incidence for skin cancer was 13% after 3 years of graft survival, increasing to 27·5% at 6 years and 48% at 10 years. Only age at the time of transplantation and occupational sun exposure had statistical significance as risk factors (P < 0,001). We found HPV in 22% of total of cutaneous lesions tested, 42% of warts were positives and only in 2 precancerous keratoses and 1 basal cell carcinomas HPV was detected.
Conclusions: Our study confirms the high incidence of non-melanoma skin cancer among KTRs in a Mediterranean population with occupational sun exposure and the patient's age at the time of transplantation being the main risk factors. We believe that all organ transplant programs should provide educational information about protecting oneself from the sun as well as include follow-up visits by dermatologists in order to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment of skin cancer.
In relation to the HPV, we believe that the low sensitivity of the method used do not allow us to dispute the role of HPV in skin cancer of KTRs.
Autuori, Marina. "Encontros e Desencontros no Processo de Encaminhamento Psicol?gico Infantil". Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas, 2018. http://tede.bibliotecadigital.puc-campinas.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/1071.
Testo completoMade available in DSpace on 2018-04-11T12:44:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARINA AUTUORI.pdf: 1422722 bytes, checksum: c8da9e0caa1128cd23ab88f7c58a03ca (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-27
Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
The growing demand for child psychological care results in increased referral of children to mental health services. However, a rate of 50% to 60% abandonment of child psychotherapy is estimated. Since the beginning of child psychological care is the most delicate and decisive phase for the success or failure of psychotherapy, we must investigate the purposes of children's psychological referrals to understand the meanings attributed to this process. To do so, using a psychoanalytically oriented qualitative methodology, we interviewed four children, their parents, psychologists and other professionals involved in the referral to a Public Health Unit for Children and Adolescents. We adopted as a procedure the framework of individual open interviews and the investigative resource of Interactive Narratives to facilitate access to the experience undergone by the participants. We have established five thematic axes that contemplate the meanings found, both in the scientific literature and in the participants' reports, as follows: Reasons for child referral; Sources of child referral; Profile of children's clientele; Parents and the psychological care of their children; and Adherence and abandonment of psychotherapy. Such axes guide the discussion about the theme of the psychological referral of children in the light of the scientific literature as well as the work of Donald Woods Winnicott. Parents appear as the main part involved, although usually excluded from decision making, whose participation in all stages of the referral process is decisive to the success or failure of the referral itself. In addition, the inclusion of the child's perspective has enabled us not only to reveal the meanings that it attributes to the efforts of understanding by professionals, to parental care and to their own suffering, but to doubt the effectiveness of any intervention that disregards the child's view and excludes a deep partnership with parents.
La creciente demanda por la atenci?n psicol?gica infantil resulta en el aumento de la derivaci?n de ni?os a los servicios de salud mental. Sin embargo, se estima una tasa de 50% a 60% de abandono de la psicoterapia infantil. Siendo el inicio de la atenci?n psicol?gica infantil la fase m?s delicada y decisiva para el ?xito o fracaso de la psicoterapia, cabe investigar los sentidos de las derivaciones psicol?gicas infantiles, a fin de comprender los significados atribuidos a este proceso. Para ello, utilizando el m?todo cualitativo de orientaci?n psicoanal?tica entrevistamos cuatro ni?os, sus padres, psic?logos y otros profesionales involucrados en las derivaciones a una Unidad P?blica de Salud Mental Infanto-Juvenil. Adoptamos como procedimiento el encuadre de entrevistas abiertas individuales y el recurso investigativo de las Narrativas Interactivas, con la intenci?n de facilitar el acceso a la experiencia vivida por los participantes. Establecimos cinco ejes tem?ticos que contemplan los sentidos encontrados, tanto en la literatura cient?fica como en los relatos de los participantes, que son: Motivos para la derivaci?n infantil; Fuentes de derivaci?n infantil; Perfil de la clientela infantil; Los padres y la atenci?n psicol?gica de los hijos; y Adhesi?n y abandono de la psicoterapia. Tales ejes gu?an la discusi?n sobre el tema de derivaci?n infantil a la luz de la literatura cient?fica, as? como la obra de Donald Woods Winnicott. Los padres aparecen como los principales involucrados, aunque usualmente excluidos de la toma de decisiones, siendo su participaci?n en todas las etapas de proceso de derivaci?n decisiva para el ?xito o fracaso de la derivaci?n psicol?gica infantil. Adem?s de eso, la inclusi?n de la perspectiva del ni?o nos permiti? no solo revelar los sentidos que ?l atribuye a los esfuerzos de comprensi?n por parte de los profesionales, al cuidado parental y a su propio sufrimiento, sino dudar de la eficacia de cualquier intervenci?n que no tenga en cuenta la visi?n infantil y excluya una profunda cooperaci?n con los padres.
A crescente demanda pelo atendimento psicol?gico infantil resulta no aumento do encaminhamento de crian?as para os servi?os de sa?de mental. Entretanto, estima-se uma taxa de 50% a 60% de abandono da psicoterapia infantil. Sendo o in?cio do atendimento psicol?gico infantil a fase mais delicada e decisiva para o sucesso ou fracasso da psicoterapia, cabe investigarmos os sentidos do encaminhamento psicol?gico infantil, a fim de compreendermos os significados atribu?dos a esse processo. Para tanto, utilizando metodologia qualitativa de orienta??o psicanal?tica entrevistamos quatro crian?as e seus pais, al?m de psic?logos e outros profissionais envolvidos com os encaminhamentos para uma Unidade P?blica de Sa?de Mental Infanto-Juvenil. Adotamos como procedimento o enquadre de entrevistas abertas individuais e o recurso investigativo das Narrativas Interativas, no intuito de facilitar o acesso ? experi?ncia vivida pelos participantes. Estabelecemos cinco eixos tem?ticos que contemplam os sentidos encontrados, tanto na literatura cient?fica quanto nos relatos dos participantes, a saber: Motivos para o encaminhamento infantil; Fontes de encaminhamento infantil; Perfil da clientela infantil; Os pais e o atendimento psicol?gico dos filhos; e Ades?o e abandono da psicoterapia. Tais eixos norteiam a discuss?o sobre o tema do encaminhamento psicol?gico infantil ? luz da literatura cient?fica e da obra de Donald Woods Winnicott. Os pais figuram como os principais envolvidos, embora usualmente exclu?dos da tomada de decis?o, cuja participa??o em todas as etapas do processo de encaminhamento psicol?gico ? decisiva para o sucesso ou fracasso do pr?prio encaminhamento. Al?m disso, a inclus?o da perspectiva da crian?a nos permitiu n?o s? revelar os sentidos que esta atribui aos esfor?os de compreens?o dos profissionais, ao cuidado parental e ao seu pr?prio sofrimento, mas duvidar da efic?cia de qualquer interven??o que desconsidere a vis?o infantil e exclua uma profunda parceria com os pais.
Brisola, Elizabeth Brown Vallim. "A experi?ncia de cantar para beb?s: um estudo fenomenol?gico com m?es". Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas, 2017. http://tede.bibliotecadigital.puc-campinas.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/951.
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Research studies that address mothers singing focus on investigating how and why songs facilitate mother-infant communication considering, especially, the acoustical and sociocultural aspects involved. This qualitative and exploratory research study was developed based on Edmund Husserl?s phenomenology and guided by principles of Humanistic psychology, specifically Carl Roger?s Person Centered Approach. It aimed to apprehend the experience of 13 mothers who gave birth to their first child during the past 18 months, about the meaning of singing to their infants. The researcher spoke to each of the participants, all with a college education, during a dialogical encounter, and immediately afterwards wrote a comprehensive narrative to register her comprehension regarding that mother?s experience, based on her own impressions. A narrative-synthesis and a creative synthesis were constructed based on the narratives to enable a phenomenological process of analysis that presupposes three phases: description, comprehension and interpretation of the experience. The structural elements that emerged from the mothers' experience of singing to their infants are: (a) a means of communication hugging their infant with their song; (b) the establishment of an emotional bond with their infant; (c) a way to better know their infant as it develops; (d) a means of recognizing themselves as mothers; (e) a form of sharing personal values and family customs; (f) a creative way of expressing themselves, and (g) a possibility of personal growth. The meaning of this experience enables further reflections regarding human relationships from a psychological viewpoint and can stimulate dialogues with other areas of knowledge.
Las pesquisas que abordan el canto materno se preocupan en investigar c?mo y por qu? las canciones son facilitadoras de la comunicaci?n madre-beb?, dando atenci?n principalmente a los aspectos ac?sticos y socioculturales. Esta pesquisa, cualitativa y de naturaleza exploratoria, fue desarrollada con base en la fenomenolog?a de Edmund Husserl y en orientaciones te?ricas de la psicolog?a humanista, m?s espec?ficamente del Enfoque Centrado en la Persona, de Carl Rogers. Su foco fue aprender de la experiencia de 13 madres que tuvieron su primer hijo en los ?ltimos 18 meses sobre el sentido de cantarle a su beb?. La investigadora convers? com cada participante, mujeres universitarias, durante un encuentro dial?gico, y escribi?, de inmediato, una narrativa comprensiva para registrar su comprensi?n sobre la experiencia de aquella madre a partir de sus propias impresiones. Una s?ntesisnarrativa y una s?ntesis creativa fueron construidas a partir del conjunto de narrativas de manera que sea posible concluir el proceso de an?lisis fenomenol?gico que supone tres fases: descripci?n, comprensi?n e interpretaci?n de la experiencia. Los elementos estructurales que emergieron de las vivencias de las madres sobre cantarles a sus beb?s son: (a) un modo de comunicarse abrazando al beb? con sus sonidos; (b) la construcci?n de un v?nculo; (c) una forma de conocer mejor a su beb? a medida que ?ste se desarrolla; (d) un reconocimiento de s? misma como madre; (e) una manera de transmitir valores personales y costumbres familiares; (f) un modo creativo de expresarse; e (g) la posibilidad de crecimiento personal. El sentido de esta experiencia posibilita nuevas reflexiones sobre el tema de la relaci?n humana en t?rminos psicol?gicos y puede estimular interlocuciones con otras ?reas de conocimiento.
As pesquisas que abordam o cantar materno preocupam-se em investigar como e por que as can??es s?o facilitadoras da comunica??o m?e-beb?, dando aten??o principalmente aos aspectos ac?sticos e socioculturais. Esta pesquisa, qualitativa e de natureza explorat?ria, foi desenvolvida com base na fenomenologia de Edmund Husserl e em norteadores te?ricos da psicologia humanista, mais especificamente da Abordagem Centrada na Pessoa, de Carl Rogers. Objetivou apreender a experi?ncia de 13 m?es que tiveram seu primeiro filho nos ?ltimos 18 meses sobre o sentido de cantar para seu beb?. A pesquisadora conversou com cada uma das participantes, todas com forma??o universit?ria, durante um encontro dial?gico, e escreveu, em seguida, uma narrativa compreensiva para registrar sua compreens?o sobre a experi?ncia daquela m?e a partir de suas pr?prias impress?es. Uma narrativa-s?ntese e uma s?ntese criativa foram constru?das a partir do conjunto de narrativas de forma a possibilitar concluir o processo de an?lise fenomenol?gica que sup?e tr?s fases: descri??o, compreens?o e interpreta??o da experi?ncia. Os elementos estruturais que emergiram das viv?ncias das m?es sobre cantar para seu beb? s?o: (a) um modo de comunicar-se abra?ando o beb? com seus sons; (b) a constru??o de um v?nculo; (c) uma forma de conhecer melhor seu beb? ? medida que ele se desenvolve; (d) um meio de reconhecer a si mesma como m?e; (e) uma maneira de transmitir valores pessoais e costumes familiares; (f) um modo criativo de expressar-se; e (g) a possibilidade de crescimento pessoal. O sentido desta experi?ncia possibilita novas reflex?es sobre o tema do relacionamento humano em termos psicol?gicos e pode estimular interlocu??es com outras ?reas de conhecimento.