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1
Rehmet, Geoffrey Michael. "Remora : implementing adaptive parallelism on a heterogeneous cluster of networked workstations". Thesis, Rhodes University, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006696.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Computers connected to a local area network are often only fully utilized for short periods of time. In fact, most workstations are not used at all for a significant portion of the day. The combined "idle time" of the workstations on a network constitutes a significant computing resource, which is generally wasted. If harnessed properly, such a resource could constitute a cheap alternative to expensive high-performance computers. Adaptive parallelism refers to the parallel execution of a computation on a dynamically changing set of processors. This thesis investigates the viability of this approach as a vehicle to harness the "idle cycles" available on a heterogeneous cluster of networked computers. A system, called Remora, which implements adaptive parallelism via the Linda programming paradigm, is presented. Experiments, performed using Remora, show that adaptive parallelism provides an efficient vehicle for using idle processor cycles, without having an adverse effect on the tasks which constitute the normal workload of the computers being used.
2
Velusamy, Vijay. "Adapting Remote Direct Memory Access based file system to parallel Input-/Output". Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2003. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-11112003-092209.
Testo completo
3
Paterson, Alastair Mark. "An investigation of a remote visual navigation system for a building inspection robot". Thesis, City, University of London, 1996. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/19740/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The work presented here shows the development of a machine vision algorithm for finding the position of a building inspection robot on the outside of a large building. The reasons for external building inspection are introduced along with the types of tests used. Existing methods are examined giving their limitations in terms of practicality and safety and an alternative using remote access is proposed. The work concentrates on the navigational aspects and shows how one possible solution using machine vision could be implemented and this is compared to similar work carried out elsewhere. The major part of the thesis covers the development of the robot location algorithm starting with the fundamentals of image processing and finishing with the actual robot's position. Different methods of edge detection are investigated and a pixel linking routine is used to group together data in an image that form features and principal lines. The algorithm investigates the use of the lines for detecting vanishing points and tries to identify the features highlighted in the image. The most significant part of the work concentrates on the development of a method of identifying specific features such as a target on the robot and different windows along with a way of matching the features to a computer model of the building thus enabling the position of the robot to be calculated. Results are given showing how the algorithm performed on a model building and robot in the laboratory with various tests using different camera positions, image enhancement and spurious features. The results presented show that the algorithm was capable of finding the position ofa model robot to sufficient accuracy (typically 3% of the size of the robot target) and that the errors measured were predictable. Additional results show how the algorithm performed on a real building and indicate the problems associated with real images with the conclusion that the algorithm will work under a certain range of conditions providing that certain elements of it can be improved.
4
Hsieh, Sheau-Ling 1952. "Distributed multimedia collaborative system framework for tele-healthcare remote consultation systems". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/284034.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The Remote Consultation and Diagnosis (RCD) in Global Picture Archiving and Communication System (Global PACS) is a unique suite of multimedia telemedicine applications developed at the University of Arizona. The applications support real-time patients' data, image files, audio and video consultation and diagnosis annotation exchanges. The RCD enables joint collaboration between pathologists, radiologists, or physicians while they are at distant geographical locations. This project provides four RCD scenarios, i.e., Case Review, Case Acquire, Store and Forward Analysis, as well as Interactive Diagnosis and Consultation. The RCD Global PACS environment consists of heterogeneous, autonomous, and legacy resources. The Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA), Java Database Connectivity (JDBC), and Java language provide the capability to combine the RCD Global PACS resources into an integrated, interoperable, and scalable system. The underneath technology, including IDL, ORB, Event Service, IIOP, JDBC/ODBC, legacy system wrapping and Java implementation are explored. This distributed collaborative CORBA/JDBC based framework will challenge the advanced, medical information management requirements. It also makes the RCD Global PACS both hardware and software technologically independent. As our research and development extend, we will continue to incorporate the latest advances in computer technology. RCD Global PACS is not another new tool in telemedicine, but rather a new paradigm for the delivery of health services that requires process reengineering, cultural changes, as well as organizational changes. It is a whole new way of practicing in telemedicine. We ensure that the RCD Global PACS project has long-term, comprehensive solutions for today and tomorrow's healthcare needs.
5
Lu, Roberto Francisco-Yi. "Implementation of a remote computer controlled automatic guided vehicle /". This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10242009-020053/.
Testo completo
6
Krehling, Daniel E. "Implementing remote image capture/control in a wireless Sensor network utilizing the IEEE 802.15.4 standard". Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Sep/09Sep%5FKrehling.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (M.S. in Computer Science)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2009.Thesis Advisor(s): Gibson, John ; Singh, Gurminder. "September 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on 5 November 2009. Author(s) subject terms: IEEE 802.15.4, wireless sensor network, remote imaging, wireless. Includes bibliographical references (p. 79-81). Also available in print.
7
Herbig, Christopher Fred. "Use of OpenSSH support for remote login to a multilevel secure system". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Dec%5FHerbig.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (M.S. in Computer Science)--Naval Postgraduate School, Dec. 2004.Thesis Advisor(s): Cynthia E. Irvine, Thuy D. Nguyen. Includes bibliographical references (p. 201-202). Also available online.
8
Gu, Yan. "ROSENET: a remote server-based network emulation system". Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22662.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.Committee Chair: Fujimoto, Richard; Committee Member: Ammar, Mostafa; Committee Member: Bader, David; Committee Member: Goldsman, David; Committee Member: Park, Haesun; Committee Member: Riley, George.
9
Peña, Selene. "UNIX remote access via IBM S/390 system". [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2006. http://165.236.235.140/lib/SPena2006.pdf.
Testo completo
10
Banerjee, Kutty S. "Remote Execution for 3D Graphics". Link to electronic thesis, 2005. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-052305-160204/.
Testo completo
11
Newton, Mark Brian. "A remote interactive music keyboard tuition system". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004860.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A networked multimedia system to assist teaching music keyboard skills to a class is described. Teaching practical music lessons requires a large amount of interaction between the teacher and student and is thus teacher intensive. Although there is a range of computer software available for learning how to play the keyboard, these programs cannot replace the guidance of a music teacher. The possibility of combining the music applications with video conferencing technology for use in a keyboard class is discussed. An ideal system is described that incorporates the benefits of video conferencing and music applications for use in a classroom. A design of the ideal system is described and implemented. Certain design and implementation decisions are explained and the performance of the implementation examined. The system would enable a music teacher to effectively teach a music class keyboard skills.
12
Tang, Xiaoxi. "Novel remote ECG real-time monitoring system /". View abstract or full-text, 2009. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CSED%202009%20TANG.
Testo completo
13
Zou, Zichuan. "Remote Client of Home Video Surveillance System". Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1459453065.
Testo completo
14
Huang, Jian. "A prototype high-quality latency hiding remote volume visualization system /". The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486398195326431.
Testo completo
15
Acton, Donald William. "Remote interprocess communication and its performance in Team Shoshin". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/24449.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Team Shoshin is an extension of Shoshin, a testbed for distributed software developed at the University of Waterloo. Part of the functionality of Shoshin can be attributed to its transparent treatment of remote interprocess communication. This is accomplished by having a special system process, the communications manager, handle the exchange of messages between machines. Shoshin's new hardware environment is significantly different from what it was originally designed on. This thesis describes the problems the new hardware presented and how those problems were overcome. Performance measurements of the time required for both local and remote message exchanges are made and compared. Using this empirical data, a simple model of the remote message exchange protocol is developed to try and determine how to improve performance. The software and hardware enhancements made to Shoshin have resulted in an improvement in system interprocess communication performance by a factor of four. Finally as a demonstration of Shoshin's interprocess communications facilities a simple UNIX based file server is implemented.Science, Faculty of
Computer Science, Department of
Graduate
16
Geraci, James Russell 1974. "42-volt powernet system management using multiplexed remote switching". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/84207.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (S.B. and M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1999.Includes bibliographical references (leaf 66, 1st group).
by James Russell Geraci.
S.B.and M.Eng.
17
Enlund, Simon, e Alexander Jourkovski. "Implementing a telemedicine system for remote medical consultation". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-205030.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Telemedicine is the combination of information technology (IT) and health care and is an area that has seen increase during the last few decades due to breakthroughs in IT. Today there are still parts of the health care system that can be counterproductive with regards to the time and commitment necessary. One such part is medical consultations for private individuals where many of the simpler ones are still carried out in-person. Presented in this thesis is the implementation of a prototype telemedicine system that could be used as a substitute for in-person doctor-patient consultation. Necessary 3rd party components and their implementations into one system are described on a general use level. The result is a web application that supports login and payment via trusted sources, booking of meetings and carrying them out with video and audio. The prototype is a continuation of a telemedicine web application idea that was put on ice by a company that already provides solutions for health controls and blood analysis.Telemedicin är kombinationen av informationsteknik (IT) och hälsovård och är ett område som har sett en ökning de senaste årtiondena på grund av genombrott inom IT. Idag finns det fortfarande delar av hälsovården som kan vara kontraproduktiva med avseende på den tid och det åtagandet som krävs. En sådan del är medicinska konsultationer för privatpersoner där många av de simplare mötena fortfarande sker i person. Presenterat i denna avhandling är implementationen av ett distribuerat telemedicinsystem som kan användas som ett substitut för de konsultationer mellan doktor och patient som sker i person. Nödvändiga tredjeparts komponenter och deras implementationer in ett system är beskrivna på en allmän användningsnivå. Resultatet är en webbapplikation som stödjer login och betalning via en pålitligt källa, bokning av möten och utförandet av dem med bild och ljud. Den presenterade prototypen är en fortsättning på en telemedicinsk webbapplikationsidé som lagts på is av ett företag som redan erbjuder lösningar för hälsokontroll och blodanalys.
18
Mortensen, Daniel T. "Foreground Removal in a Multi-Camera System". DigitalCommons@USU, 2019. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7669.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Traditionally, whiteboards have been used to brainstorm, teach, and convey ideas with others. However distributing whiteboard content remotely can be challenging. To solve this problem, A multi-camera system was developed which can be scaled to broadcast an arbitrarily large writing surface while removing objects not related to the whiteboard content. Related research has been performed previously to combine multiple images together, identify and remove unrelated objects, also referred to as foreground, in a single image and correct for warping differences in camera frames. However, this is the first time anyone has attempted to solve this problem using a multi-camera system.
The main components of this problem include stitching the input images together, identifying foreground material, and replacing the foreground information with the most recent background (desired) information. This problem can be subdivided into two main components: fusing multiple images into one cohesive frame, and detecting/removing foreground objects. for the first component, homographic transformations are used to create a mathematical mapping from the input image to the desired reference frame. Blending techniques are then applied to remove artifacts that remain after the perspective transform. For the second, statistical tests and modeling in conjunction with additional classification algorithms were used.
19
Castillo, Joaquin. "Remote control & communication of systems through power lines". FIU Digital Commons, 1997. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2075.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The remote control system proposed in this thesis will introduce the concept that power line can be used for control and communication. Home Automation has used the power line to send commands to control appliances but lacked the ability to achieve a two-way communication. The protocol used in Home Automation is not designed for communication and lacks some basics, like error detection.
This thesis will not only use X-10 technology to communicate through the power line but will also implement a VHDL design used for the two-way communication.
A cableless communication is developed using the power line since no new cabling is needed for communication. They greatly ease the work required to install a network, particularly in older buildings that were not built with cabling needs in mind.
X-10 is not the only method that can be used for communication through the power line. A solution that needs further development is mentioned in the conclusion of this thesis.
20
Nolin, Anne Walden 1958. "CLASSIFICATION AND MAPPING OF SOILS USING A MULTISPECTRAL VIDEO SYSTEM AND COMPUTER-AIDED ANALYSIS". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276549.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
An airborne multispectral video system was used to collect soil spectral data over a four-square mile region in northeastern Arizona. Six multispectral video images were digitized. Using the red and blue bands of each image, an unsupervised classification was performed. Each was referenced to a digitized U.S. Soil Conservation Service map resulting in classification precisions ranging from 0-92.4 percent. Ground radiometric measurements were made to ascertain spectral separability of the soil samples. Soil color was determined to try to relate Munsell value to classification precision. Misclassification of soil map units was unrelated to soil brightness or areal extent of each soil. Rather, features such as slope, boundary complexity, and surface condition was responsible for misclassifications seen in this study. Best classification results occurred when soil mapping units were relatively homogeneous, possessed slight changes in slope, and had a regular surface with smooth and distinct boundaries.
21
Al-Shantaf, Abdulraouf O. "A Computer-Based Process Control System for a Target Station in a LINAC Facility". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1999. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278077/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
An event-driven, sequential, process control system was designed for International Isotopes, Inc., to automate and remotely control a target station at the company's linear accelerator facility. The designed system consisted of two major sections: a software program (virtual instrument), which was developed by LabVIEW, and a hardware interface (FieldPoint Modular Distributed I/O System by National Instrument), which had to be a pre-developed system that did not require customization. The designed virtual instrument was tested on a simulation model that mimed the target station. The result was a valid design.
22
Zakharov, Alexander B. (Alexander Borisovich). "Light microscopy--a prototype for a remote image diagnosis system". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/43491.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1997.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 67-69).
by Alexander B. Zakharov.
M.Eng.
23
Simamora, Parulian. "A proposal for a computer network for the Indonesian Air Force's Remote Site Radar System". Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/26183.
Testo completo
24
Liew, Yu-Loong. "REMOTE CONTROL OF HEATING, VENTILATING, AND AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM WITH LABVIEW". MSSTATE, 2003. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-10132003-183826/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Recent technological advances have extended the use of some old technology such as the X-10 home automation. With the use of X-10 and the Internet, a remote control home is possible. One of the major energy consumption appliances in a house is the heating, ventilating, and air conditioning system. The main objective of this study is to explore the possibility of using X-10 and the Internet to serve as an energy saving system. A simulation is used to estimate the energy consumption.
25
Rosen, Anders, e Kristian Nilsson. "Control System for a Remote Electronics Laboratory". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för signalbehandling, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-3296.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The work done in this thesis has to do with the equipment server which has been upgraded with a new circuit wiring robot and a new voltage source and therefore needed new software. The main change were that the old circuit wiring robot, or matrix, were controlled via a IO card that were cumbersome to use and rather expensive, this was changed to a USB interface which is more generic and relatively easy to use.Kristian Nilsson +46704443324 Anders Rosen +46705891352
26
Maguire, Gabriel. "Remote Smoker Monitoring System Incorporating Preemptive Smoking Detection". Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1623268732185854.
Testo completo
27
Islam, Md Kamrul. "Nutrient removal from urban stormwater using floating treatment wetland system". Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4936.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Despite the technology advancement, degradation of water quality due to stormwater continues to be a significant threat to the water and ecosystems due to the exponential growth of industries and agricultural enterprises that discharge stormwater. These anthropogenic activities are the sources of high nitrogen and phosphorus quantities in stormwater, which is responsible for eutrophication phenomena and deterioration of public health. Floating Treatment Wetlands (FTWs) are a potential solution to this problem. Both microcosm and mesocosm level studies were conducted for the effective removal of nutrients in stormwater wet detention ponds with different sorption media under varying nutrient concentrations and weather conditions. Water depth, percent area coverage of the FTWs and littoral zone emergent plants were varied in order to determine nutrient removal efficiency before implementing in an actual pond. Focus has also been placed on the observations of macrophyte-epiphyte-phytoplankton interactions in order to understand temporal characteristics of ecological phenomena. Water quality parameters included Total Nitrogen, Total Phosphorus, Orthophosphate, Nitrate-Nitrogen, and Ammonia-Nitrogen in addition to in-situ parameters such as pH, Dissolved Oxygen, Temperature and Chlorophyll-a. Results clearly indicate that an FTW filled with sorption media of 80% expanded clay and 20% tire crumb can significantly promote the biomass growth. Different levels of nutrient concentrations did affect the plants' growth and cold temperature in late winter was detrimental to growth. To make the system more viable irrespective of the seasonal weather conditions, the adoption of mixed vegetation is highly recommended in the FTWs implementation.; It is also recommended that, the positioning of the floating wetlands should not be in the vicinity of the outlet of the pond as assimilated nutrient under the mat might increase the nutrient concentration in the discharged water. Finally, One-way ANOVA test is performed to check whether or not these grouped microcosms and mesocosms with differing experimental setup can be deemed statistically significant.ID: 030422696; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (M.S.Env.E.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 70-74).
M.S.
Masters
Civil, Environmental and Construction Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
28
Ye, Wei. "Development of a Remote Medical Image Browsing and Interaction System". Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1278676228.
Testo completo
29
Gylling, Marcus. "Remote wireless control of building management systems automation". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för programvarusystem, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-5342.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The controlling unit in building management system automation is a PLC. Every device in an installation is connected to the PLC. When a user wants to interact with a system an operator terminal, which is attached to a cabinet where the PLC is installed, is used. With this solution the user needs to be in front of the cabinet to interact with the system. Alarms do not get the user’s attention until the user checks the operator terminal. Using a solution where the communication with the PLC is done with a wireless interface would mean that the user interact with a system from a wider area. The solution should have the same functionality as today with the extension that the PLC should be able to contact the user if something is wrong in the installation. A PDA is used as a replacement for the operator terminal. This PDA uses two different techniques to communicate with the PLC. Bluetooth is used when the user is in the building and interacts with the system in a similar way to the operator terminals. GSM is used when the PLC needs to get the users attention by sending out alarms. With this solution the PDA can be used for several installations and thereby decrease cost. The project has turned out to be a success. The application that has been developed has improved a user’s interaction with a PLC.
30
Coopmans, Calvin. "Cyber-Physical Systems Enabled By Unmanned Aerial System-Based Personal Remote Sensing: Data Mission Quality-Centric Design Architectures". DigitalCommons@USU, 2014. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/3569.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In the coming 20 years, unmanned aerial data collection will be of great importance to many sectors of civilian life. Of these systems, Personal Remote Sensing (PRS) Small Unmanned Aerial Systems (sUASs), which are designed for scientic data collection, will need special attention due to their low cost and high value for farming, scientic, and search-andrescue uses, among countless others. Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs: large-scale, pervasive automated systems that tightly couple sensing and actuation through technology and the environment) can use sUASs as sensors and actuators, leading to even greater possibilities for benet from sUASs. However, this nascent robotic technology presents as many problems as possibilities due to the challenges surrounding the abilities of these systems to perform safely and eectively for personal, academic, and business use. For these systems, whose missions are dened by the data they are sent to collect, safe and reliable mission quality is of highest importance. Much like the dawning of civil manned aviation, civilian sUAS ights demand privacy, accountability, and other ethical factors for societal integration, while safety of the civilian National Airspace (NAS) is always of utmost importance. While the growing popularity of this technology will drive a great effort to integrate sUASs into the NAS, the only long-term solution to this integration problem is one of proper architecture. In this research, a set of architectural requirements for this integration is presented: the Architecture for Ethical Aerial Information Sensing or AERIS. AERIS provides a cohesive set of requirements for any architecture or set of architectures designed for safe, ethical, accurate aerial data collection.
In addition to an overview and showcase of possibilities for sUAS-enabled CPSs, specific examples of AERIS-compatible sUAS architectures using various aerospace design methods are shown. Technical contributions include specic improvements to sUAS payload architecture and control software, inertial navigation and complementary lters, and online energy and health state estimation for lithium-polymer batteries in sUAS missions. Several existing sUASs are proled for their ability to comply with AERIS, and the possibilities of AERIS data-driven missions overall is addressed.
31
Martin, Samuel, Jackeline Mayer, Parker Owan, Kyle Stephens e Lee Suring. "NASA Remote Imaging System Acquisition (RISA) Multispectral Imager Development Updates". International Foundation for Telemetering, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/581742.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
ITC/USA 2012 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Eighth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 22-25, 2012 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, CaliforniaThe NASA Remote Imaging System Acquisition (RISA) project is a prototype camera intended to be used by future NASA astronauts. NASA has commissioned the development of this engineering camera to support new mission objectives and perform multiple functions. These objectives require the final prototype to be radiation hardened, multispectral, completely wireless in data transmission and communication, and take high quality still images. This year's team was able to successfully develop an optical system that uses a liquid lens element for focus adjustment. The electrical system uses an Overo Fire computer-on-module (COM) developed by Gumstix. The OMAP processor onboard handles all communication with a monochromatic CMOS sensor, liquid lens control circuitry, pixel data acquisition and processing, and wireless communication with a host computer.
32
Wiberg, Kenneth C. "Identifying Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems on a network via remote reconnaissance". Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/2527.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Presidential Decision Directive (PDD) 63 calls for improving the security of Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) and other control systems which operate the critical infrastructure of the United States. In the past, these industrial computer systems relied on security through obscurity. Recent economic and technical shifts within the controls industry have increased their vulnerability to cyber attack. Concurrently, their value as a target has been recognized by terrorist organizations and competing nation states. Network reconnaissance is a basic tool that allows computer security managers to understand their complex systems. However, existing reconnaissance tools incorporate little or no understanding of control systems. This thesis provides a conceptual analysis for the creation of a SCADA network exploration/reconnaissance tool. Several reconnaissance techniques were researched and reviewed in a laboratory environment to determine their utility for SCADA system discovery. Additionally, an application framework using common non-SCADA security tools was created to provide a proof of concept. Development of a viable tool for identifying SCADA systems remotely will help improve critical infrastructure security by improving situational awareness for network managers.
33
Santos, Jefersson Alex dos 1984. "Semi-automatic classification of remote sensing images = Classificação semi-automática de imagens de sensorimento remoto". [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/275630.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Orientadores: Ricardo da Silva Torres, Alexandre Xavier FalcãoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Computação
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T15:18:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Santos_JeferssonAlexdos_D.pdf: 18672412 bytes, checksum: 58ac60d8b5342ab705a78d5c82265ab8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013
Resumo: Um grande esforço tem sido feito para desenvolver sistemas de classificação de imagens capazes de criar mapas temáticos de alta qualidade e estabelecer inventários precisos sobre o uso do solo. As peculiaridades das imagens de sensoriamento remoto (ISR), combinados com os desafios tradicionais de classificação de imagens, tornam a classificação de ISRs uma tarefa difícil. Grande parte dos desafios de pesquisa estão relacionados à escala de representação dos dados e, ao mesmo tempo, à dimensão e à representatividade do conjunto de treinamento utilizado. O principal foco desse trabalho está nos problemas relacionados à representação dos dados e à extração de características. O objetivo é desenvolver soluções efetivas para classificação interativa de imagens de sensoriamento remoto. Esse objetivo foi alcançado a partir do desenvolvimento de quatro linhas de pesquisa. A primeira linha de pesquisa está relacionada ao fato de embora descritores de imagens propostos na literatura obterem bons resultados em várias aplicações, muitos deles nunca foram usados para classificação de imagens de sensoriamento remoto. Nessa tese, foram testados doze descritores que codificam propriedades espectrais e sete descritores de textura. Também foi proposta uma metodologia baseada no classificador K-Vizinhos mais Próximos (K-nearest neighbors - KNN) para avaliação de descritores no contexto de classificação. Os descritores Joint Auto-Correlogram (JAC), Color Bitmap, Invariant Steerable Pyramid Decomposition (SID) e Quantized Compound Change Histogram (QCCH), apresentaram os melhores resultados experimentais na identificação de alvos de café e pastagem. A segunda linha de pesquisa se refere ao problema de seleção de escalas de segmentação para classificação de imagens de sensoriamento baseada em objetos. Métodos propostos recentemente exploram características extraídas de objetos segmentados para melhorar a classificação de imagens de alta resolução. Entretanto, definir uma escala de segmentação adequada é uma tarefa desafiadora. Nessa tese, foram propostas duas abordagens de classificação multiescala baseadas no algoritmo Adaboost. A primeira abordagem, Multiscale Classifier (MSC), constrói um classificador forte que combina características extraídas de múltiplas escalas de segmentação. A outra, Hierarchical Multiscale Classifier (HMSC), explora a relação hierárquica das regiões segmentadas para melhorar a eficiência sem reduzir a qualidade da classificação xi quando comparada à abordagem MSC. Os experimentos realizados mostram que é melhor usar múltiplas escalas do que utilizar apenas uma escala de segmentação. A correlação entre os descritores e as escalas de segmentação também é analisada e discutida. A terceira linha de pesquisa trata da seleção de amostras de treinamento e do refinamento dos resultados da classificação utilizando segmentação multiescala. Para isso, foi proposto um método interativo para classificação multiescala de imagens de sensoriamento remoto. Esse método utiliza uma estratégia baseada em aprendizado ativo que permite o refinamento dos resultados de classificação pelo usuário ao longo de interações. Os resultados experimentais mostraram que a combinação de escalas produzem melhores resultados do que a utilização de escalas isoladas em um processo de realimentação de relevância. Além disso, o método interativo obtém bons resultados com poucas interações. O método proposto necessita apenas de uma pequena porção do conjunto de treinamento para construir classificadores tão fortes quanto os gerados por um método supervisionado utilizando todo o conjunto de treinamento disponível. A quarta linha de pesquisa se refere à extração de características de uma hierarquia de regiões para classificação multiescala. Assim, foi proposta uma abordagem que explora as relações existentes entre as regiões da hierarquia. Essa abordagem, chamada BoW-Propagation, utiliza o modelo bag-of-visual-word para propagar características ao longo de múltiplas escalas. Essa ideia foi estendida para propagar descritores globais baseados em histogramas, a abordagem H-Propagation. As abordagens propostas aceleram o processo de extração e obtém bons resultados quando comparadas a descritores globais
Abstract: A huge effort has been made in the development of image classification systems with the objective of creating high-quality thematic maps and to establish precise inventories about land cover use. The peculiarities of Remote Sensing Images (RSIs) combined with the traditional image classification challenges make RSI classification a hard task. Many of the problems are related to the representation scale of the data, and to both the size and the representativeness of used training set. In this work, we addressed four research issues in order to develop effective solutions for interactive classification of remote sensing images. The first research issue concerns the fact that image descriptors proposed in the literature achieve good results in various applications, but many of them have never been used in remote sensing classification tasks. We have tested twelve descriptors that encode spectral/color properties and seven texture descriptors. We have also proposed a methodology based on the K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) classifier for evaluation of descriptors in classification context. Experiments demonstrate that Joint Auto-Correlogram (JAC), Color Bitmap, Invariant Steerable Pyramid Decomposition (SID), and Quantized Compound Change Histogram (QCCH) yield the best results in coffee and pasture recognition tasks. The second research issue refers to the problem of selecting the scale of segmentation for object-based remote sensing classification. Recently proposed methods exploit features extracted from segmented objects to improve high-resolution image classification. However, the definition of the scale of segmentation is a challenging task. We have proposed two multiscale classification approaches based on boosting of weak classifiers. The first approach, Multiscale Classifier (MSC), builds a strong classifier that combines features extracted from multiple scales of segmentation. The other, Hierarchical Multiscale Classifier (HMSC), exploits the hierarchical topology of segmented regions to improve training efficiency without accuracy loss when compared to the MSC. Experiments show that it is better to use multiple scales than use only one segmentation scale result. We have also analyzed and discussed about the correlation among the used descriptors and the scales of segmentation. The third research issue concerns the selection of training examples and the refinement of classification results through multiscale segmentation. We have proposed an approach for xix interactive multiscale classification of remote sensing images. It is an active learning strategy that allows the classification result refinement by the user along iterations. Experimental results show that the combination of scales produces better results than isolated scales in a relevance feedback process. Furthermore, the interactive method achieves good results with few user interactions. The proposed method needs only a small portion of the training set to build classifiers that are as strong as the ones generated by a supervised method that uses the whole available training set. The fourth research issue refers to the problem of extracting features of a hierarchy of regions for multiscale classification. We have proposed a strategy that exploits the existing relationships among regions in a hierarchy. This approach, called BoW-Propagation, exploits the bag-of-visual-word model to propagate features along multiple scales. We also extend this idea to propagate histogram-based global descriptors, the H-Propagation method. The proposed methods speed up the feature extraction process and yield good results when compared with global low-level extraction approaches
Doutorado
Ciência da Computação
Doutor em Ciência da Computação
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Das, Piyali. "Smart Shoe for Remote Monitoring of Parkinson’s Patients". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1445342741.
Testo completo
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Rouse, Matthew David. "Design and evaluation of a remote access hydraulic manipulator for system dynamics and controls education". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/18943.
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Oefinger, Matthew Blake 1976. "System for remote multichannel real-time monitoring of mouse ECG via the Internet". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/59655.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, September 2003."August 25, 2003."
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 32-33).
A hardware/software system was developed to allow real-time monitoring of multiple physiological signals simultaneously via the Internet. The hardware is specifically designed for measuring ECG signals from mice, while the software system is agnostic to the underlying data source. The software utilizes a client-server model and multicasting network technology to stream real-time data from a server to clients. The server software includes an intuitive graphical user interface (GUI) that allows lab technicians to start and stop data collection as well as a back-end SQL database for record archiving and management. The system is intended to facilitate real-time signal processing development as well as collaborative research of archived physiological data among geographically disjoint groups. The server is therefore equipped with a digital signal processing (DSP) board for real-time data analysis and password-protected access to physiological data archives.
by Matthew Blake Oefinger.
S.M.
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Wentzel, Alicia Veronica. "User interface design guidelines for digital television virtual remote controls". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020617.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The remote control is a pivotal component in households worldwide. It helps users enjoy leisurely television (TV) viewing. The remote control has various user interfaces that people interact with. For example, the physical user interface includes the shape of the remote and the physical buttons; the logical user interface refers to how the information is laid out; and the graphical user interface refers to the colours and aesthetic features of the remote control. All of the user interfaces together with the context of use, cultural factors, social factors, and prior experiences of the user influences the ways people interact with their remote control and ultimately has an effect on their user experiences. Advances in the broadcasting sector and transformations of the TV physical remote control have compounded the simple remote control into a multifaceted, indispensable device, overcrowded with buttons. The usability and ultimately the user experience of physical remote controls (PRCs) have been affected by the overloaded functionality and small button sizes. The usability issues with current PRCs, the evolution of mobile phones into touchscreen smartphones, and the trend of global companies moving towards virtual remote controls (VRCs) have prompted this research to discover what user interface design features will contribute towards an enhanced user experience for digital TV VRCs. This research used the design science research process model (DSRP), which comprised six steps, to investigate this topic area further. A review of the domain literature pertaining to mobile user experiences (MUX) and all the encompassing factors, mobile human computer interaction (MHCI) and the physical, logical, graphical and natural user interfaces was completed, as well as a review of the literature regarding the usability issues of PRCs and VRCs. A contextual task analysis (CTA) of a single South African digital TV PRC was used to identify how users utilise PRCs to perform tasks, and the usability issues they encountered during the tasks. Brainstorming focus groups were used to understand how to represent certain user interface elements and attempted to source ideas from users about what potential functionality digital TV VRCs should contain. Together with all the other results gathered from the previous chapters amalgamated into a set of user interface design guidelines for digital TV VRCs. The proposed user interface guidelines were used to instantiate a digital TV VRC prototype that underwent usability testing in order to validate the proposed user interface design guidelines. The results of the usability testing revealed that the user interface design guidelines for digital TV VRCs were successful, with the addition of one guideline that was discovered during the usability testing.
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Cao, Huiyi. "Remote Gait Monitoring Mobile System Enabled by Wearable Sensor Technology". Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1587042096284549.
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Pretorius, Linda. "Remote information management of an automated manufacturing system". Thesis, Bloemfontein : Central University of Technology, Free State, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/104.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (M. Tech.) -- Central University of Technology, Free State, 2007With technology advancing, more and more people turn to the World Wide Web to conduct business. This may include buying and selling on the Web, advertising and monitoring of business activities. There is a big need for software and systems that enable remote monitoring and controlling of business activities. The Mechatronics Research Group of the Faculty of Engineering, Information and Communication Technology at the Central University of Technology, Free State, has identified a similar need. This research group has created an Automated Manufacturing System around which research topics revolve. They want to monitor this Automated Manufacturing System from remote locations like their offices or, if possible, from home. The Remote Information Management (RIM) System was developed, using the Rapid Application Development (RAD) Methodology. The reasons why this methodology was used, is because it is the best to use in a changing environment, when the system needs to be developed very quickly and when most of the data is already available. This is a good description of the Automated Manufacturing System’s environment. The RAD methodology consists of four stages: Requirements Planning, User Design, Rapid Construction and Transition. Project Management is used throughout these stages to ensure that the project goes according to plan. Development of the RIM system went through all four stages and project management was applied. The final system consisted of a Web Page with Web Camera views of the Automated Manufacturing System. The application that was developed using National Instruments LabVIEW, Microsoft Visual C++, and Microsoft Excel, is embedded in this Web Page. This application is called a Virtual Instrument (VI). The VI shows real-time data from the Automated Manufacturing System. Control over the VI can be granted and will allow the remote user to create reports on how many different products was produced and system downtimes. A system like the RIM System has advantages in the business world. It can enable telecommuting and will allow employees and managers to monitor (and even control) manufacturing systems, or any system connected to a PLC, from remote locations.
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Joel, Jaldemark. "Remote control of frequency inverter". Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för informationsteknologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-41400.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Emotron has a frequency inverter on the market that different industries uses in their factories. In case of errors they need to send out service to the factories in order to examine the inverter and find the error. They now want a solution that makes it possible for them to give support without leaving the office by connecting their devices to the cloud which eliminates the need to send out staff to industries. Emotron gave this task to HMS and has been possible with their product Anybus wiress bolt. By connecting the Anybus wireless bolt to the inverter it was possible to communicate with the cloud, MicrosoftAzure, where a static webb application is hosted. The application is made to look like the terminal on the inverter and has similiar structures and functionality. Through the application users can communicate withthe inverter by means of controlling the connected motor, reading registers and also write to certain registers. These registers contain different measurement and option parameters. The purpose of this thesis was to create a Proof-of-Concept solution using the Anybus wireless bolt. The thesis has shown of industries can use Anybus wireless bolt and the tag engine to make it possible to create a link between machines and the ever- growing cloud and is also the first part of a bigger project.
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Stansvik, Elvis. "Modulär och distribuerad arkitektur för styrning och avläsning av heterogen apparatur i flerklientmiljö". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-172779.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Följande projektrapport beskriver arbetet med att ta fram ett modulärt distribuerat system för fjärrstyrning och -avläsning av hårdvaruenheter i en apparat för mineralanalys. Resultatet visar hur ett sådant system med fördel kan byggas på fjärranrop, publiceringar och prenumerationer med hjälp av ett externt ramverk. Delar av systemet har testkörts mot målhårdvaran. Resterande delar har testats mot simulatorer. Systemet är flexibelt, med en stark separation mellan dess komponenter, och dess utökningsbarhet har verifierats kvalitativt.The following report describes the design and development of a modular distributed system for remote control and measurement of hardware devices in a machine for mineral analysis. The result shows how such a system can be built on remote procedures, publications and subscriptions using an external framework. Parts of the system has been tested on the target machine. Remaining parts have been tested through simulation. The system is flexible, with a strong separation between components, and its extensibility has been verified qualitatively.
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Bernard, Arnaud Jean Marc. "Human computer interface based on hand gesture recognition". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42748.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
With the improvement of multimedia technologies such as broadband-enabled HDTV, video on demand and internet TV, the computer and the TV are merging to become a single device. Moreover the previously cited technologies as well as DVD or Blu-ray can provide menu navigation and interactive content.
The growing interest in video conferencing led to the integration of the webcam in different devices such as laptop, cell phones and even the TV set. Our approach is to directly use an embedded webcam to remotely control a TV set using hand gestures. Using specific gestures, a user is able to control the TV. A dedicated interface can then be used to select a TV channel, adjust volume or browse videos from an online streaming server.
This approach leads to several challenges. The first is the use of a simple webcam which leads to a vision based system. From the single webcam, we need to recognize the hand and identify its gesture or trajectory. A TV set is usually installed in a living room which implies constraints such as a potentially moving background and luminance change. These issues will be further discussed as well as the methods developed to resolve them. Video browsing is one example of the use of gesture recognition. To illustrate another application, we developed a simple game controlled by hand gestures.
The emergence of 3D TVs is allowing the development of 3D video conferencing. Therefore we also consider the use of a stereo camera to recognize hand gesture.
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Egan, Melissa K. "An implementation of remote application support in a multilevel environment". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2006. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/06Mar%5FEgan.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (M.S. in Computer Science)--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2006.Thesis Advisor(s): Cynthia E. Irvine, Thuy D. Nguyen. "March 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 123-124). Also available online.
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Patel, Sameer H. "Design of the Network Multimedia File System protocol : a protocol for remote access of networked multimedia files /". Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07292009-090502/.
Testo completo
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James, Zachary D. "A neural network-based system for tracking sea-ice floes". Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=24014.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Climate modelling and high-latitude marine navigation require improved information on sea-ice floe extents and dynamics. New satellite sensors provide raw data of this nature but the volume of information makes human analysis impractical. To address this problem, a software system for automatic tracking of sea-ice floes in satellite imagery has been designed and evaluated. Using a recurrent neural network model, experiments were conducted to discover suitable design parameters. Simulated imagery time-sequences of increasing complexity were produced to train successive models. The networks produced were evaluated based on performance and reliability. A small-scale working system, able to map multiple input features in image sequences to Cartesian coordinates, was produced. Results show that a recurrent neural network is suitable for the tracking task and has advantages in robustness and speed over other approaches. Recurrency (feedback) was found to be crucial in achieving good performance.
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Qin, Ni. "Algorithms, Protocols & Systems for Remote Observation Using Networked Robotic Cameras". [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2008-05-11.
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Jensen, Austin M. "Innovative Payloads for Small Unmanned Aerial System-Based Personal Remote Sensing and Applications". DigitalCommons@USU, 2014. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2192.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Remote sensing enables the acquisition of large amounts of data, over a small period of time, in support of many ecological applications (i.e. precision agriculture, vegetation mapping, etc.) commonly from satellite or manned aircraft platforms. This dissertation focuses on using small unmanned aerial systems (UAS) as a remote sensing platform to collect aerial imagery from commercial-grade cameras and as a radio localization platform to track radio-tagged sh. The small, low-cost nature of small UAS enables remotely sensed data to be captured at a lower cost, higher spatial and temporal resolution, and in a more timely manner than conventional platforms. However, these same attributes limit the types of cameras and sensors that can be used on small UAS and introduce challenges in calibrating the imagery and converting it into actionable information for end users. A major contribution of this dissertation addresses this issue and includes a complete description on how to calibrate imagery from commercial-grade visual, near-infrared, and thermal cameras. This includes the presentation of novel surface temperature sampling methods, which can be used during the ight, to help calibrate thermal imagery. Landsat imagery is used to help evaluate these methods for accuracy; one of the methods performs very well and is logistically feasible for regular use. Another major contribution of this dissertation includes novel, simple methods to estimate the location of radio-tagged sh using multiple unmanned aircraft (UA). A simulation is created to test these methods, and Monte Carlo analysis is used to predict their performance in real-world scenarios. This analysis shows that the methods are able to locate the radio-tagged sh with good accuracy. When multiple UAs are used, the accuracy does not improve; however the sh is located much quicker than when one UA is used.
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Saleh, Diana. "Interaction Design for Remote Control of Military Unmanned Ground Vehicles". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Interaktiva och kognitiva system, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-174074.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The fast technology development for military unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) has led to a considerable demand to explore the soldier’s role in an interactive UGV system. This thesis explores how to design interactive systems for UGVs for infantry soldiers in the Swedish Armed Force. This was done through a user-centered design approach in three steps; (1) identifying the design drivers of the targeted military context through qualitative observations and user interviews, (2) using the design drivers to investigate concepts for controlling the UGV, and (3) create and evaluate a prototype of an interactive UGV system design. Results from interviews indicated that design drivers depend on the physical and psychological context of the intended soldiers. In addition, exploring the different concepts showed that early conceptual designs helped the user express their needs of a non-existing system. Furthermore, the results indicate that an interactive UGV system does not necessarily need to be at the highest level of autonomy in order to be useful for the soldiers on the field. The final prototype of an interactive UGV system was evaluated using a demonstration video, a Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), and semi-structured user interviews. Results from this evaluation suggested that the soldiers see the potential usefulness of an interactive UGV system but are not entirely convinced. In conclusion, this thesis argues that in order to design an interactive UGV system, the most critical aspect is the soldiers’ acceptance of the new system. Moreover, for soldiers to accept the concept of military UGVs, it is necessary to understand the context of use and the needs of the soldiers. This is done by involving the soldiers already in the conceptual design process and then throughout the development phases.
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Huang, Mengjun 1977. "Numerical methods for estimation of linear, discrete-time, dynamic systems in the block-angular form and applications in GPS". Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82254.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The objective of this thesis is to design numerical algorithms for estimation of linear discrete-time dynamic system models, which can be written in the block-angular form. These models arise in some applications, such as navigation or communication. The estimation problem for the standard linear discrete-time dynamic systems usually can be solved by using the Kalman filter. However, we realize that for our specific models applying the conventional Kalman filter algorithms is not efficient or may cause numerical instability. In this thesis, we present an approach of using the recursive least squares technique to compute the estimates of the system states. Our approach is computationally efficient because we take full account of the structures of the models and is numerically reliable because we use orthogonal transformations in the computation.The general approach is then extended to positioning problem. We mainly consider the short-baseline relative positioning with combined code and carrier-phase measurements in global positioning system. Because of much more special structures existing in the mathematical models for positioning; we modify the general approach to further utilize these structures for efficiency. Fixing the integer ambiguity vector and handling its dimension change are also discussed. Finally, the real data tests are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm.
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Karlsson, Johanna. "Nomadic Computing : Security assessment of remote access to workplace systems". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik och datavetenskap, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-4845.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Nomadic computing is about communication on an anytime anywhere basis. Security in this area is today not high enough and at the same time nomadic computing is increasing. In this thesis, security in the area of nomadic computing and remote access to company systems is assessed. The purpose is to investigate the security in this area today but also in the future in order to answer the main question of how and when secure nomadic computing can be offered. For this purpose a futuristic scenario has been used as a method to identify challenges within nomadic computing. After looking at the state of the art of wireless communication and security techniques, evaluating the focused techniques and looking at future trends, some preliminary conclusions could be made. A model of technology uptake has been used. The main concept of the model is to show that the uptake is depending on a co-evolution between different parts and not only the technique. One conclusion is therefore that the users must have confidence in the technique, but also in the organisation and the organisational use of the technique or else they will not use it. Security is important in order to create this trust and is thus of decisive importance to the technology uptake. Another conclusion is that the three focused techniques; rule-based access, authentication and policy/contract can be used today, but also in the future to increase the security for remote access. Finally, education and user awareness seems to be important in the future, even though the users interact less in the security management.