Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Resources Understanding and Response"
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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Resources Understanding and Response"
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Sandage, Steven J., Katharine Hsu Wibberly e Everett L. Worthington. "Christian Counselors’ Resources for Multi-Cultural Understanding and Counseling". Journal of Psychology and Theology 23, n. 1 (marzo 1995): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009164719502300103.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Seven resources are discussed that Christian counselors have to offer multi-cultural counseling and understanding: a viable epistemology, a sense of community, a universal story, a recognition of the supernatural, a paradigm for forgiveness, an appreciation for symbols, and a shared experience as a minority. Psychology's response to multi-cultural issues is parallel to the response of Western missionaries encountering cultural pluralism. Suggestions are made to enable Christian counselors to understand the acculturation of their minority clients.
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Gao, Zhan, e Qing Bo Zhu. "Research on the Resource Scheduling in Emergency Response Based on ACA". Applied Mechanics and Materials 740 (marzo 2015): 1003–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.740.1003.
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This paper mainly studies the emergency resource scheduling algorithms and optimization problems. Through study the effect of explain emergency supplies of resources system, understanding the characteristics of emergency resource, emergency scheduling characteristics and process, and the characteristics of the demand for resources. Emergency resource scheduling model for emergencies, and emergency management by learning the theory and method of study, effective analysis of disaster impact on resource supply system. Select the appropriate scheduling, to the disaster area resources required for effective and reasonable to rise and scheduling is advantageous to the resource scheduling work smoothly. Emergency resource scheduling model is established, provide certain theoretical support for the actual emergency scheduling decisions.
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Tang, Yi, Lihong Zhou, Jing Cao, Jiangnan Li e Xiaofei Nie. "Integration of Digital Cultural Heritage Resources in China: Understanding Public Expectations". Libri 68, n. 1 (26 marzo 2018): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/libri-2017-0027.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract This paper focuses on the recent development of the National Cultural Information Resources Sharing Project in China. This is a national scale project that was initiated by the Chinese central government and has stimulated immense academic attention. Specifically, this paper attempts to understand people’s expectations and requirements on the project. Moreover, this paper aims to articulate and provide specific and useful suggestions for relevant politicians and project operators so that public expectations and requirements can be carefully met. A survey was used to sample a very large and widely distributed population in China, with a questionnaire designed and disseminated through an online survey service platform. A total of 1,076 usable responses were returned and 29 invalid response cases were discarded, yielding an effective response rate of 97.3 percent. An evident public expectation has emerged from the data collected which shows that the Chinese public primarily expects a comprehensive, convenient and unified one stop online access portal to all types of Chinese digital cultural heritage. This paper is of interest to Chinese government officials as well as professionals working at libraries, museums, archives and other cultural institutions in China. Furthermore, although the context of this study is China, the research findings, insights and experiences gained in this study can be shared across international borders.
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Osen, Holly, Marcy Casement e Fred Sparks. "Validating Marine Oil Spill Response Planning Assumptions and Execution with Analytics Model". International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2017, n. 1 (1 maggio 2017): 55–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2017.1.55.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
ABSTRACT # 2017-209 Running a full-scale emergency response operation involves coordinated and interdependent workstreams that must be sufficiently resourced and supported to ensure that objectives are accomplished. Oil spill response planning provides the framework to rapidly scale up those operations and enable essential workstreams through pre-identified resources, facilities, logistics and capabilities. A systematic analysis of response plans can be used to validate an executable tier 1 response based on local capabilities, and provide a basis for planning the strategic cascading of additional resources for tier 2 and 3 responses with consideration for the limiting factors identified through analytics. A proprietary analytics model was developed to examine and validate planning assumptions, resources and logistics against response requirements. The analysis includes a facilitated cross functional plan review using pre-defined response “workstreams” (e.g., shoreline protection and clean-up) broken down by tasks (e.g., SCAT or beach clean-up). For each task, the resources and logistics needed to accomplish the task are defined and evaluated to identify the limited or critical resources (e.g., supervisor qualifications, waste capacity, transportation, etc.). The resource requirements and constraining factors identified through the analysis are compared to the resourcing identified in existing plans and validated by business function representatives to highlight resource gaps and areas for planning and capability improvements. The emergency response planning analytics model was tested using existing oil spill response plans from two business units within the organization. A worst case scenario oil spill simulation was used as the basis for the plan analysis. The analysis produced findings indicating that existing plans were insufficient in specific areas and existing resources would be exhausted before cascaded resources could arrive to support a longer-term response to a major oil spill on water unless alternative resourcing plans were established. Specific gaps in planning, trained personnel, equipment, logistics and support facilities were identified along with recommendations for gap closure. Pilot testing of the analysis tools suggests that effective planning requires a detailed understanding of critical resources, limiting factors and workstream interdependencies so that that the strategies and tactics defined in planning (and those developed during an active response) optimize their use. Additionally, outputs from the model may be used as the basis for increasing local reserves of response equipment and supplies, developing regional mutual aid capabilities and establishing training and exercise objectives.
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Nowacki, Jeffrey, e Dale Willits. "An organizational approach to understanding police response to cybercrime". Policing: An International Journal 43, n. 1 (20 novembre 2019): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pijpsm-07-2019-0117.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to use Maguire’s (2003) theory of police organizations to explain whether police agencies dedicate specific personnel to cybercrime response. Design/methodology/approach Data from this study come from the 2013 Law Enforcement Management and Statistics survey. Maguire’s (2003) theory of the organizational structure of police organizations is used to measure organizational variables related to context, complexity and control. Logistic regression is used to examine whether these organizational characteristics are related to cybercrime response. Findings The results suggest that organizational context, complexity and control are related to cybercrime response. Specifically, in terms of context, larger agencies, agencies whose officers engage in more non-routine tasks, and agencies governed by an active collective bargaining agreement are more likely to dedicate specific resources to cybercrime. In terms of complexity, agencies with more hierarchical layers, agencies that utilize more specialization and agencies that make greater use of civilian employees are more likely to dedicate specific personnel to cybercrime. Finally, regarding control, agencies that assign non-sworn personnel to administrative tasks are more likely to dedicate resources to cybercrime response. Originality/value This study is one of the first to use this framework to examine the relationship between organizational characteristics and cybercrime response. It shows that this perspective can be useful for understanding police organizations and police policies, programs and strategies.
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Rusman Frendika, Sri Suwarsi e Susilo Setiyawan. "Exploring Human Resource Factors Based Entrepreneurship". Journal of Management and Energy Business 1, n. 1 (16 novembre 2021): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.54595/jmeb.v1i1.13.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Entrepreneurial opportunities arise when certain individuals have insight into the value of resources that others do not have. Entrepreneurial vigilance, entrepreneurial knowledge, and the ability to coordinate resources as their own. This study is intended to advance our understanding of human resource factors based on entrepreneurship. A total of 175 questionnaires were sent to HRM managers, and 150 received back is 86% response rate of 175 SMEs. Factor analysis is used to assess the underlying structure of human resources. Responses to the HRM and entrepreneurship items were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The results of this study identify that the human resource factors that greatly influence entrepreneurship are Entrepreneurial Ability and Entrepreneurial Innovation, Entrepreneurial Intelligence, Entrepreneurial Knowledge, and Entrepreneurial Competence.
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Branson, David H. "Reproduction and survival in Melanoplus sanguinipes (Orthoptera: Acrididae) in response to resource availability and population density: the role of exploitative competition". Canadian Entomologist 135, n. 3 (giugno 2003): 415–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/n02-061.
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AbstractThe relative importance of exploitative competition for resources on grasshopper reproductive allocation has not been fully examined. Given the large fluctuations in grasshopper densities that periodically occur in western North America, an increased understanding of how grasshopper survival and reproduction vary in response to intraspecific densities and per capita resource availability is important. I examined if exploitative resource competition could explain variation in reproductive allocation in Melanoplus sanguinipes (Fabricius) in response to resource availability and grasshopper population density. I also examined whether individual differences in competitive ability resulted in increased variance in egg production with low per capita resource availability. As expected with exploitative resource competition, per capita resource availability explained a significant amount of the variation in all reproductive characteristics examined. There was no effect of per capita resource availability on survival. Residuals of the regressions of egg production and vitellogenesis versus per capita resource availability did not differ for resource or density treatments, indicating that exploitative competition for resources played a more important role than interference competition in determining reproductive allocation in M. sanguinipes. Individual differences were evident, as variation around the mean of egg production increased with resource limitation. Exploitative competition for resources was important in determining both individual and population-level reproductive responses of grasshoppers to resource availability.
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Roux, Theunis. "UNDERSTANDING GROOTBOOM — A RESPONSE TO CASS R. SUNSTEIN". Constitutional Forum / Forum constitutionnel 12, n. 1, 2 & 3 (24 luglio 2011): 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21991/c9s953.
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In a typically thought-provoking essay on the significance of the recent judgment of the South African Constitutional Court in Grootboom,1 Cass R. Sunstein welcomes the contribution of this “extraordinary decision” to the international debate over the justiciability of socio-economic rights.2 In particular, he argues that the decision provides a partial answer to the objection that the judicial enforcement of such rights inevitably requires courts to assume “an unacceptable managerial role.”3 On Professor Sunstein’s reading, the Court in Grootboom successfully steers a middle course between the Scylla of complete enforceability and the Charybdis of non- justiciability. It does so by adopting what is in effect an “administrative law model of socio-economic rights,” one which reads such rights as giving courts the power to order government to “devote more resources than it otherwise would” to the regulatory problem at issue.
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Morrow, Angeline, Christopher Pfeifer, Victoria Broje e Rachel Grunberg. "Why Sample? - Understanding Common Sampling Objectives for Oil Spill Response". International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2017, n. 1 (1 maggio 2017): 2561–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2017.1.2561.
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ABSTRACT #2017-204: There is a growing recognition of the role science plays in supporting oil spill response coupled with increasing reliance on data-driven management and decision-making approaches. Collecting samples for analysis of hydrocarbons and other chemicals potentially used during oil spill response (e.g., dispersants) has become common place on many spills. While the rationale and approaches for oil spill sampling may be well known to experienced chemists and environmental scientists, the response community is still gaining experience in integrating sampling programs into dynamic oil spill response and decision-making. This paper reviews common sampling objectives for three key aspects of spill response: operational decision-support, environmental impact assessment (including natural resource damage assessment), and source identification. These broad categories span a range of interrelated sub-topics including, among others, public/worker health and safety; understanding how physical and chemical properties of oil influence selection of response options; monitoring cleanup effectiveness, especially for alternative response technologies such as dispersants; identifying and differentiating between spill and non-spill pollution sources; and evaluating potential impacts to resources at risk. Methods for achieving sampling objectives, including development of Sampling and Analysis Plans, are discussed with the goal of increasing awareness among response managers and improving response capability among staff who may be tasked with sampling support during training exercises or actual incidents. Relevant considerations for study design, collection methods, and analytical parameters are also reviewed.
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Horan, PhD, Kristin A., Blake Scott, MPH, Ahlam Farzan, MD, Marian L. Ortíz-Aponte, MS, Alejandra Rivera-García, MS, Jennifer Marshall, PhD, Anthony J. Masys, PhD, Mindy Shoss, PhD, Adriana Campos, MPH e Lida Orta-Anés, PhD. "Understanding recovery and resilience from natural disasters in hospitality organizations". Journal of Emergency Management 19, n. 8 (1 settembre 2021): 109–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.0643.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Extreme weather events, such as Hurricane María, shed light on the importance of understanding the factors that promote resilience, defined as bouncing back after adverse events. The current study took a qualitative focus group approach toward understanding resilience in employees of the hospitality industry after Hurricane María. The hospitality industry plays an important role in disaster responses due to its role in supporting local and national economies, job stability for vulnerable employees, and in supporting response efforts, eg, housing aid workers. Through a series of indepth focus groups, employees from San Juan, Puerto Rico and surrounding areas shared their Hurricane María experiences in terms of themselves as individuals, their workplaces, and their community. Major themes focused on the importance of the preparedness phase of the disaster response timeline, measuring impact and response on multiple levels in interdependent systems, creating and promoting awareness of resources, and acknowledging both struggle and strength when conceptualizing transformative potential. These findings can inform actionable strategies for individuals, organizations, and communities.
Tesi sul tema "Resources Understanding and Response"
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Yorke, Linda. "Late quaternary valley fill sediments in the River Tyne valley : understanding late Devensian deglaciation and early postglacial response in northern England". Thesis, University of Hull, 2008. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:1754.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis reconstructs part of the deglacial and early post-glacial history of the River Tyne Valley, Northumberland. Data has been gathered through description and interpretation of sedimentary sequences and stratigraphies from quarry and cut-bank exposure, the development of a geochronology was attempted, based on optically stimulated luminescence (OSL), and broad-scale geomorphological mapping using traditional field mapping and appropriately scaled digital elevation models from NEXTMap Britain. The thesis contributes new detailed sedimentological and morphological data, and has re-evaluated existing data sets and interpretations. A number of sites have been investigated in very close detail, and the sedimentological analyses provide a much better understanding of their formational environment than morphological studies alone can do. The research in the Tyne Valley contributes to the growing body of work carried out by the extensive morphological mapping programs, with the detailed sedimentological and stratigraphic data vital for ground truthing remotely-sensed landform interpretations. The story of deglaciation in Britain is a complex one and the work here illustrates that we are far from understanding the behaviour of the ice during the last glacial period, and certainly there is not a one model fits all solution.
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Teow, Theodore. "Evidence of a domain-general syntax resource: Understanding the P600 response to syntax violations in language and music". Thesis, Teow, Theodore (2019) Evidence of a domain-general syntax resource: Understanding the P600 response to syntax violations in language and music. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2019. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/49970/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
An unresolved question in the literature relates to the extent to which language and music share syntax-related processing and how this is reflected in brain responses (e.g., certain event-related potential components of the electroencephalogram (ERP; EEG). Across three studies using neurologically healthy adult non-musicians, the goal was to examine the claims of the Shared Syntactic Integration Resource Hypothesis (SSIRH) and P600-as-P3 hypothesis: language and music share syntax-related processing, and that the relatively under-researched P600 component is the best index of this shared neural resource. Experiment 1 used a novel application of single-trial and subset EEG analyses to examine response-alignment across domains; similarities of response-alignment would suggest that the purported shared resource behaves the same way when employed in language and music processing. Participants (N = 16) listened to short sentences or chord progressions, and indicated via timed button-press the presence or absence of a syntax violation. P600 amplitudes were similar across domains, but response-alignment of the P600 occurred for language but not music. This suggests that music syntax errors recruit the P600-related shared resources in a quantitatively similar (ERP), yet qualitatively different (response-alignment) manner to language syntax errors. To explore the interactivity of unattended-on-attended syntax errors, the music and language stimuli were presented simultaneously in Experiment 2 (N = 20) and participants instructed to selectively attend to one domain only. P600 amplitude increased only to attended error conditions in either domain, and unattended error conditions elicited no P600 effect or RT impairment. Experiment 3 used the same methodology as Experiment 2 in a dual-attention task in order to examine combinatory effects. Participants (N = 22) pressed one of three buttons to error-free, single-domain error, and dual-domain error conditions. P600 amplitude and RT increased for both single error conditions relative to controls, and further increased in the dual error conditions. Taken together, the P600 ERP component appears to index a similar cross-domain resource employed in syntax manipulations. Similar patterns of attention-dependence, combinatory increases to dual errors, and of functional co-occurrences to RT verify the P600 as a correlate of processing cost in syntax error integration. However, some differences exist in the lack of response-alignment patterns in music versus language. Further research should determine if this shared resource represents a more general cognitive resource such as part of the P3 family, extending beyond syntax, or even language and music.
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Kunkle, Justin Michael. "Whole-plant resource economies and associated morphological and physiological traits towards a mechanistic understanding of plant responses to resource variation /". Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2008.
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Beck, Joseph A. "Fundamental Understanding of Blisk Analytical Response". Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1367848915.
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Xu, Hongmei. "Understanding variability in response to gliclazide". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2009. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/28969.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Type 2 diabetes has become one of the most common human diseases. The safety and
efficacy of antidiabetic medicines is an important part of diabetes management in the
community. This thesis investigates a number of factors that may potentially cause
variability in response to the antidiabetic drug gliclazide. This information will help to
improve the use of these medicines in diabetic patients.
Patients have free access to, and commonly take, complementary medicines for a
variety of reasons. Many take these in conjunction with conventional drugs without
clear evidence of safety or risk of herb—drug interactions. St John’s wort is one of the
most widely used herbal medicines in Western societies. The aim of the first clinical
study in this thesis was to investigate potential pharmacokinetic (PK) and
pharmacodynamic (PD) interactions between St John’s wort and gliclazide in healthy
subjects with different cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) and CYP2C19 genotypes.
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Parsai, Chirine. "Toward understanding response to cardiac resynchronisation therapy". Thesis, University of London, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.539379.
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Delatorre, Carla Andrea. "Phosphate-deficiency response : understanding the signaling pathway /". For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2002. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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Goins-Jones, April Dawn. "Understanding a School's Response to Childhood Obesity". ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3097.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Childhood obesity has become a national epidemic. Although many of the consequences of childhood obesity are known, such as physical, social, emotional, and academic effects on a student's development, there is a lack of literature on the topic of childhood obesity in Native American tribes. The purpose of this case study was to explore how school personnel address the effects of obesity on students' social, emotional, academic, and physical development in an elementary school in the southwest United States where 90% of the students are Native Americans. Bronfenbrenner's socioecological model served as the theoretical foundation. The research questions explored strategies for how school personnel addressed childhood obesity. Interviews with 7 teachers, 1 administrator, 1 school nurse, 1 school psychologist, and 1 cafeteria manager were conducted. Open, axial, and selective coding strategies were employed to analyze the data. Findings revealed that the local school personnel lack professional development on working with Native American obese students and desire to implement a prevention and intervention obesity program targeted for Native American students. Recommendations include creating professional development related to childhood obesity, providing alternatives to food rewards, allotting time for healthful living practices, writing grants for healthy snacks, and collaborating with families and tribal affiliations. Implications for social change include greater understanding among school personnel at the study site of practices to address childhood obesity in Native American students, which may lead to effective interventions for enriching the academic success of obese students.
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Olsen, James. "Understanding understanding through creative response of listeners to the rite of spring". Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.530800.
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Casari, Marco Wilkie Simon. "Understanding an economic dilemma : essays on common property resources /". Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 2002. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-03292005-095223.
Testo completoLibri sul tema "Resources Understanding and Response"
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Mark, Heim S., a cura di. Grounds for understanding: Ecumenical resources for responses to religious pluralism. Grand Rapids, Mich: W.B. Eerdmans, 1998.
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Artifacts, Conservation Center for Art and Historic. Philadelphia area emergency response resources list. Philadelphia: The Center, 2001.
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Biggart, J. Primary aggregates: response to diminishing resources. Oxford: Oxford Brookes University, 1995.
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Manfredo, Michael J., Jerry J. Vaske, Andreas Rechkemmer e Esther A. Duke, a cura di. Understanding Society and Natural Resources. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8959-2.
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Reynoldson, Fiona. Understanding geothermal energy and bioenergy. New York, NY: Gareth Stevens Pub., 2011.
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1951-, Hoffmeier James Karl, a cura di. Abortion: A Christian understanding and response. Grand Rapids, Mich: Baker Book House, 1987.
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Conley, David T. Understanding university success and additional resources. Eugene, OR: Center for Educational Policy Research, 2003.
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(Firm), AlexInformation. Human resources emergency management: Response and recovery planning. Austin, Tex. (7000 W. William Cannon Dr., Bulg. West Two, Suite 2230, Austin 78735): AlexInformation, 2002.
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Kenneth, Morland J., a cura di. Social problems: A Christian understanding and response. Grand Rapids, Mich: Baker Book House, 1990.
Cerca il testo completoCapitoli di libri sul tema "Resources Understanding and Response"
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Sharip, Zati, Zubaidi Johar e Mohd Zaki Mat Amin. "Understanding Pressure-State-Response in Governance Assessment—A Case of Two Tropical Reservoirs". In Water Resources Development and Management, 45–62. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3708-0_3.
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Ko, Dae Kwan, e Federica Brandizzi. "Multi-omics Resources for Understanding Gene Regulation in Response to ER Stress in Plants". In Methods in Molecular Biology, 261–72. New York, NY: Springer US, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3710-4_19.
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Yu, Kuo-hai, Hui-ru Peng, Zhong-fu Ni, Ying-yin Yao, Zhao-rong Hu, Ming-ming Xin e Qi-xin Sun. "Molecular breeding for improving heat stress tolerance in wheat." In Molecular breeding in wheat, maize and sorghum: strategies for improving abiotic stress tolerance and yield, 82–89. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245431.0005.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract This paper discusses wheat responses to heat stress (including morphological and growth, cellular structure and physiological responses) and the molecular-genetic bases of heat response in wheat (including topics on mapping quantitative trait loci related to heat tolerance and the role of functional genes in response to heat stress). The improvement of heat tolerance of wheat by comprehensive strategies is also described. It is believed that with the emphasis on genetic resource exploration and with better understanding of the molecular basis, heat tolerance will be improved during wheat breeding programmes in the future.
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Boer, Perien Joniell, e Tutaleni I. Asino. "Exploring Namibia’s Educational Emergency Response Teaching: A Policy and Practice Perspective". In Global Perspectives on Educational Innovations for Emergency Situations, 15–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99634-5_2.
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AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic challenged educators and education systems globally to rethink education. Using the Context, Input, Process, Product (CIPP) evaluation model we argue that the sudden shift to emergency remote teaching highlighted the importance of (1) understanding the goals and objectives for emergency remote teaching and how they were communicated to and internalized by stakeholders (context); (2) considering the existing internal resources necessary for supporting the transition to another form of learning delivery (input); (3) asking which aspects of the education system affected the feasibility and effectiveness of the transition (process), and (4) reflecting on the interactions and responses of stakeholders regarding their experiences with the sudden move to fully online learning (product). In this chapter, we use the CIPP to explore the educational response during emergency teaching in Namibia. We aim to unpack the decisions, and processes, employed during the COVID-19 lockdown in the country.
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Stavytskyy, Andriy. "Global Power Shifting Tendencies Influenced by the Conflict’s Outcome: Regional and Global Implications". In Contributions to Security and Defence Studies, 1–14. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-66434-2_1.
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AbstractThe initiation of military operations by Russia against Ukraine in February 2022 sparked a full-scale war in Europe, impacting the global economy and geopolitical dynamics. This chapter delves into the underlying factors that ignited the conflict, with a particular focus on Russia’s historical inclination towards expansion through warfare, its reliance on resource exports, and military capabilities, and its response to technological changes. The modern world’s decreasing reliance on resources in favour of technological development poses a challenge to resource-rich countries like Russia, leading to efforts to maintain dominance through military aggression. Russia’s economic dependence on resource exports, particularly energy, exacerbates its vulnerability to global market shifts. Understanding the multifaceted drivers of conflict is essential for addressing geopolitical tensions and fostering global stability. Mitigating the risk of future conflicts requires strategic diplomacy, economic diversification, and technological innovation to navigate evolving geopolitical landscapes.
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Mondada, Lorenza. "Requesting in shop encounters". In Studies in Language and Social Interaction, 278–309. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/slsi.36.10mon.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The chapter offers a systematic study of requests in shop encounters. Considering their detailed formats, constituted through the specific assembling of diverse resources including speakers’ turn, gaze, gestures, and body postures that I call multimodal Gestalts , it identifies different types of requests and their sequential implicativeness. The chapter shows how these multimodal formats are methodically bound to the categorization of speakers/customers, their epistemic and sensorial relations to the product, and as a consequence, to the response of the seller, the service they offer, and the progressivity of the encounter. In this sense, multimodal Gestalts are crucial for understanding the systematic accountability of the action and its sequential organization, as well as the social-institutional features of the situated activity in which this action is embedded. The study contributes to IL research by demonstrating how linguistic and embodied resources are deeply and systematically intertwined, and showing the necessity to go beyond talk for understanding the variation and indexicality of social actions.
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Taylor, Linnet. "There Is an App for That: Technological Solutionism as COVID-19 Policy in the Global North". In The New Common, 209–15. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65355-2_30.
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AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic took high-income countries entirely by surprise. Despite funding pandemic preparedness programs in Asia for more than 20 years, donor countries had not experienced an uncontrolled pandemic since HIV in the 1980s. When Ebola, Zika, SARS, and MERS threatened, countries outside the immediate geographic neighborhood or income level of those diseases’ places of origin were left largely untouched. In contrast to the swift, comprehensive response of South-East Asian countries, authorities in Europe and the United States assumed this coronavirus would behave like its predecessors SARS and MERS.What happened next around the world was both harrowing and illuminating. Lacking protective material resources, the human capacity for contact tracing or understanding of the disease, policymakers in higher-income countries turned to technology for a miracle. The technology sector responded with history’s most extensive hackathon, illuminating the mutual shaping of technology and public health policy. The most striking feature of the technological response to the pandemic has been the degree of what Morozov has called solutionism driving it—the belief that complex problems can be solved by technological intervention alone.
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Marshall, John D., J. Renée Brooks e Alan F. Talhelm. "Forest Management and Tree-Ring Isotopes". In Stable Isotopes in Tree Rings, 651–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92698-4_23.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractForest management can be improved by the mechanistic understanding that tree-ring stable isotopes provide. Key management tools include genetic selection, competing vegetation control, thinning, and fertilization. These tools frequently change environmental conditions and physiological processes, such as photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, water uptake, and nitrogen cycling, which may leave isotopic signatures in tree-rings, providing detailed responses to management over decadal time periods. While data sets remain small, some trends have emerged from previous forest management studies using stable isotopes. Genotype selection sometimes shows isotopic evidence of maladaptation, especially in the presence of climate change. Competition control and thinning have different isotopic reactions depending on the dryness of the site; they generally obtain different responses depending on whether competition is primarily for aboveground (light) or belowground (water and nutrient) resources. Fertilization responses recorded in tree rings appear to be driven by initial increases in photosynthesis, and later by increases in leaf area index. Tree-ring isotopic applications can provide key insights to a much broader range of silvicultural objectives than included here, and we encourage their application in large-scale silvicultural experiments to reduce uncertainties and explain mechanisms of response. In future work, we suggest that management studies wishing to utilize tree-ring stable isotopic analysis include key ancillary measurements, especially leaf nitrogen concentrations, leaf-area index, xylemwater sources, and canopy temperature, to help support interpretation of the isotopic data.
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Brocklehurst, J. Brian. "Understanding". In Response to Music, 68–96. London: Routledge, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003617709-4.
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Ali, Hadi, e Ann McKenna. "Reopening Campuses: Visualizing the Structure of a System Problem". In Global Perspectives on Educational Innovations for Emergency Situations, 47–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99634-5_5.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractThe process of reopening of college campuses in response to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic sheds light on underlying features of the educational system. Understanding the various models of reopening gives us insight into how the education system is structured through the responses of the various college campuses—a unique opportunity to capturing issues of inertial momentum against change in the past, and projecting into the future. We propose visualizing the structure of a system problem as a way to allow the problem to become visible through mental models. We illustrate our approach through causal loops—the core tool for systems thinking. We discuss the construction of one visual model, based on publicly available resources, to be used as a starting point for a discussion. The model points to the importance of making informed, high-level early decisions, in the case of a crisis, as this shows to be a highly dependent variable in the model. This finding is shown to be supported by ongoing research on faculty adaptability in different contexts. Visualizing mental models in systems thinking does not seek to unnecessarily capture all the details of the complexity of the educational system; rather, it aims to externalize deep problems, which, in turn, demonstrate opportunities for transformation in the future.
Atti di convegni sul tema "Resources Understanding and Response"
1
Angus, D., L. Smith-Boughner, S. Bowman-Young e K. Jeziorski. "Understanding of reservoir stress response using high-resolution microseismic analysis". In Third EAGE Online Workshop on Unconventional Resources. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202085015.
Testo completo
2
Thomas, Adrian, Anjani Kumar, Kenny Rodrigues, Ryan I. Sinclair, Colin Lackie, Angela Galipeault e Mike Blair. "Understanding Water Flood Response in Tight Oil Formations: A Case Study of the Lower Shaunavon". In SPE/CSUR Unconventional Resources Conference – Canada. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/171671-ms.
Testo completo
3
Dang, Son T., Elizabeth G. Krukowski, Michael J. Dick, Dragan Veselinovic, Rafael A. Mendoza, Rayvan Watson, Chandra Rai e Carl Sondergeld. "Understanding NMR Responses of Different Rock-fluid Components Within Organic-rich Argillaceous Rocks: Comparison Study Across 2, 12, and 23 MHz Spectroscopy". In Unconventional Resources Technology Conference. Tulsa, OK, USA: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.15530/urtec-2023-3863533.
Testo completo
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Cai, Meijun, John S. Schwartz, R. Bruce Robinson, Steve E. Moore e Matt A. Kulp. "Understanding Water Quality Responses to Long-Term Acidic Deposition in a High-Elevation Southern Appalachian Watershed: A Focus on Soil Watershed Processes". In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41036(342)627.
Testo completo
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Mumtaz, Yasir, Christophe Blondeau, Abbas Zerkoune, Osama Hasan Khan e Samad Ali. "Dynamic Assisted History Matching of CO2 Plumes Using 4D Seismic". In Asia Pacific Unconventional Resources Symposium. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/217283-ms.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract While Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) has a pivotal role in meeting climate change targets, the question remains, "can we adequately predict the CO2 plume dynamics?" The results so far are not encouraging, which raises concerns about the integrity of sequestration projects and needs to be addressed to capitalise on the value of underground storage. This work is focused on developing an adequate understanding of CO2 migration in a storage unit using an ensemble-based 4D Assisted History Matching (AHM) methodology to improve predictive modelling. Additionally, the study will investigate the critical contributing parameters in the spatial and temporal development of the plume. We perform a sensitivity study for appropriate selection of the compositional model, accounting for relative permeability hysteresis and identifying influential parameters. The high-resolution reservoir simulator coupled with EnHM Ensemble History Matching software developed by TotalEnergies, is employed to integrate static and dynamic parameters in the AHM workflow. We build an ensemble of 100 realisations for facies and petrophysical properties in the initial step using Truncated Gaussian Simulation (TGS) and Sequential Gaussian Simulation (SGS), respectively. These algorithms cater for uncertainties during data assimilation and ensure geological coherency by constraining the models to the prior information. The correlation between all uncertain model parameters i.e., static and dynamic, and observations is assessed. The ensemble of the models is then modified using correlations to minimise the difference between simulated response and historical data in an iterative manner. The iteration methodology is based on the Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) and is further enriched by considering the time-lapse seismic as an observation dataset. We define 4D signal in workflow by extracting geobodies from seismic anomalies, and the distance to observed geobody and simulated response is treated as objective function. The proposed methodology of inculcating the AHM workflow with geological uncertainties and dynamic parameters resulted in a good agreement between simulated and field response while respecting geological realism. The workflow addresses the modelling gaps mainly attributed to the lack of iteration between static and dynamic models, and application of fixed multipliers. It calibrates the hundred reservoir models simultaneously and enables us to make robust and reliable predictions. We conclude that the proposed methodology can potentially improve the prediction of plume migration and make well-informed decisions for all stakeholders. Nonetheless, one topic for future work is to convert the simulation model into a petro-elastic model for direct comparison with seismic response to avoid pre-processing for preparation of geobody and improve the rigorousness of the model.
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Reston, Enriqueta, Jennefer Piramide e Carmelita Loquias. "Promoting statistical literacy and understanding of youth population dynamics in a new statistics and probability course for senior high school". In Promoting Understanding of Statistics about Society. International Association for Statistical Education, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/srap.16404.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In response to the challenge of implementing a new Statistics and Probability course for senior high school in the Philippines, we developed curriculum resource materials in a course disk anchored on inquiry-based constructivist pedagogy using real data about the youth sector. Offical youth statistics and data from various surveys about the youth were used to provide the database for teaching-learning and assessment activities that build students’ conceptual understanding of random variables, probability and sampling distributions, the Central Limit Theorem, and the inferential methods of parameter estimation and hypothesis testing. With the twin goal of promoting statistical literacy and understanding the dynamics of the youth population, the activities provide the learners the opportunity to raise their social consciousness on the vital role of the youth sector in society. This paper describes some of these activities and their databases.
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Dunbar, Samuel, e Scott Ferguson. "The Impact of Consumer Preference Distributions on Dynamic Electricity Pricing for Residential Demand Response". In ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-98219.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Demand Response (DR) is the adjustment of consumer electricity demand through the deployment of one or more strategies, e.g. direct load control, policy implementation, dynamic pricing, or other economic incentives. Widespread implementation of DR is a promising solution for addressing energy challenges such as the integration of intermittent renewable energy resources, reducing capacity cost, and improving grid reliability. Understanding residential consumer preferences for shifting product usage and how these preferences are distributed amongst a population are key to predicting the effectiveness of different DR strategies. In addition, there is a need for a better understanding of how different DR programs, system level objectives, and preference distributions will impact different segments of consumers within a population. Specifically, the impacts on their product use behavior and electricity bill. To address this challenge, a product based approach to modeling consumer decisions about altering their electricity consumption is proposed, which links consumer value to their products, instead of directly to the amount of electricity they consume. This model is then used to demonstrate how population level preference distributions for altering product use impact system level objectives.
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Ohashi, Louise, e Antonie Alm. "ChatGPT and language learning: University educators’ initial response". In EuroCALL 2023: CALL for all Languages. Editorial Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia: Editorial Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/eurocall2023.2023.16917.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This article examines the initial response of university-level language educators to ChatGPT, an AI chatbot, within the first ten weeks of its release. ChatGPT, which stands for 'Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer’, is a conversational AI language model developed by OpenAI, a private artificial intelligence research organisation. A global survey collected data from 367 teachers of 16 languages. The results show strong awareness of ChatGPT among educators, but wide variation in experience and knowledge highlights the need for training and support. While use of ChatGPT was limited, particularly for pedagogical tasks, the majority of educators expressed interest in integrating it into their future teaching practice. In more concrete terms, more teachers indicated they were likely to use it to create language learning resources and recommend it for self-study than use it for managing assessment. In regards to the potential impact of ChatGPT on the field of education, educators showed a mixture of concern and optimism. While many agreed that it would increase the accessibility of language teaching and have a positive impact on self-study, even more had concerns about the potential for cheating and over-reliance, highlighting the importance of ethical guidelines. This research contributes to the understanding of the opportunities and challenges associated with ChatGPT in language education.
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Weimann, Mauro Ivan, Yann Facundo d'Huteau e Cristian Abel Paladino. "Child-Child Fracture Driven Interactions Analysis and their Application with Field Case Studies". In SPE Argentina Exploration and Production of Unconventional Resources Symposium. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/212411-ms.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract For unconventional shale reservoirs, understanding the relationship between well spacing, fracture dimensions and extensions are key components for achieve optimal oil and gas production without leaving undrained areas. The analysis of Fracture Driven Interactions (FDI) will contribute with this understanding. Pressure interference data, in a pad with several new wells (child-child) or between parent and child pads (parent-child), are obtained with gauges connected at the wellheads that record pressure continuously, while the sequence of hydraulic stimulations is carried out. Following the development of unconventional fields in Argentina, this type of information has been acquired more frequently and has become more relevant for the characterization of the different subsurface effects going on between adjacent wells (parent and child-child) during fracturing. These pressure connections between active and passive wells are not necessarily negative, and a certain level of communication may be desired since the total absence of interaction could be interpreted as volumes of rock unstimulated and, therefore, unproduced. Part of the initial process described in this work involves the steps to collect and process, simply and efficiently, all the child-child interaction data; to generate a reliable database that can be analyzed and integrated with other field observations. In this work, we present case studies where the child-child FDI data were analyzed using different tools, with the main objective of characterizing the hydraulic fractures generated with different stimulation designs and understanding their relationship with the vertical (different landing) and horizontal (same landing) spacing. Also, we present cases showing examples where child-child interferences are integrated with other field data acquisition (chemical tracers, microseismic, etc.) to improve and complement the understanding of the subsurface effects occurring during hydraulic fracturing operations. Finally, the main conclusions are: Stronger interferences were detected between wells located in the same landing zone, and vertical interactions tended to be weaker. The depletion regions from parent wells have an influence on the FDI responses between child wells. The "parent-child" condition produced irregular responses on the child-child FDI that are interpreted to be associated with possible asymmetrical growth of the fracture lengths. Fluid volume per cluster (fracture design parameter) shows a relevant impact on the child-child FDI responses, demonstrating that this variable is an important driver for these interferences. Cocina wells tend to have more and stronger interactions (longer fracture lateral growth or more interconnection among natural fractures) that the Lower Organic ones. Data integration between child-child FDI and other data acquisitions (e.g., chemical tracer and microseismic) helps to understand and conclude about subsurface characteristics.
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Gil Tejeda, Jorge, e Lorena Olmos Pineda. "Exploration of Patterns in Emotional Response and Retrospective Cognitive Load during Interaction with a Virtual Product". In Human Interaction and Emerging Technologies (IHIET-AI 2024). AHFE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004587.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 9 students in a classroom, allowing the identification of certain patterns during their interactions with a virtual product used as an educational tool. A correlation was observed among emotional response, cognitive load, and the dominant linguistic system in the virtual product. It was also noted that the prevalent use of a linguistic system can lead to a higher demand for resources for accurate spatial localization, contributing to the generation of high cognitive load. Additionally, these factors were observed to influence the perception of time in these studies. The utilization of self-report methods can offer valuable insights into the user's perspective, enhancing our understanding of how their individual interaction processes are constructed.
Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Resources Understanding and Response"
1
Tercek, Michael, e Michael Tercek. Climate summary?Grand Teton National Park: January 2024. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2305689.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Climate change has the potential to profoundly alter National Parks, affecting vegetation, wildlife, and cultural resources. In times of rapid change, proactive management is more effective than reactive measures, which simply respond to crises as they occur. Proactive management relies on understanding both past changes and expected future conditions. This resource brief examines historical climate patterns at Grand Teton National Park and compares them to projected conditions for the late 21st century. This type of information is the foundation for understanding potential impacts to nature and other resources in parks and can be used to help develop management strategies to mitigate unwanted change.
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Candrilli, Sean D., e Samantha Kurosky. The Response to and Cost of Meningococcal Disease Outbreaks in University Campus Settings: A Case Study in Oregon, United States. RTI Press, ottobre 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2019.rr.0034.1910.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is a contagious bacterial infection that can occur sporadically in healthy individuals. Symptoms are typically similar to other common diseases, which can result in delayed diagnosis and treatment until patients are critically ill. In the United States, IMD outbreaks are rare and unpredictable. During an outbreak, rapidly marshalling the personnel and monetary resources to respond is paramount to controlling disease spread. If a community lacks necessary resources for a quick and efficient outbreak response, the resulting economic cost can be overwhelming. We developed a conceptual framework of activities implemented by universities, health departments, and community partners when responding to university-based IMD outbreaks. Next, cost data collected from public sources and interviews were applied to the conceptual framework to estimate the economic cost, both direct and indirect, of a university-based IMD outbreak. We used data from two recent university outbreaks in Oregon as case studies. Findings indicate a university-based IMD outbreak response relies on coordination between health care providers/insurers, university staff, media, government, and volunteers, along with many other community members. The estimated economic cost was $12.3 million, inclusive of the cost of vaccines ($7.35 million). Much of the total cost was attributable to wrongful death and indirect costs (e.g., productivity loss resulting from death). Understanding the breadth of activities and the economic cost of such a response may inform budgeting for future outbreak preparedness and development of alternative strategies to prevent and/or control IMD.
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Price, Roz. Informality and Marginalised Groups in Crisis Response. Institute of Development Studies, luglio 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/core.2023.002.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The Covid-19 pandemic had ripple effects that extend beyond the domain of health risks into economic, social, and political domains. These effects were not evenly distributed and exacerbated existing societal inequalities and marginalisation (UNDRR and UNU-EHS 2022: 11). Informal and migrant workers, and those living in informal settlements, were disproportionately affected by the health and secondary impacts of the pandemic, which further impacted their livelihoods and ability to meet basic needs, and constrained their ability to recover given the coping mechanisms they had to adopt (Chen et al. 2022: 19). At the same time, successful disaster risk reduction (DRR) often depends on informal actors and networks (Boersma et al. 2019). Limitations of formal disaster governance mechanisms have been much discussed, with shortcomings being largely connected to the lack of (local) knowledge, contextual understanding, incentives, coordination mechanisms, or flexibility, as well as focusing on infrastructural and technocratic solutions over engaging with existing local resources (Duda , Kelman and Glick 2020: 375). Despite this, short-term, single-hazard disaster management approaches still dominate (Donoghoe et al. 2022). Research supported by the Covid-19 Responses for Equity (CORE) Programme – which is supported by the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) – points to the need for special provisions addressing current and future challenges of informal workers in disaster response (Pillai et al. 2022b). This requires not only including informal workers in Covid-19 recovery policies, but also centring them in economic, social, and disaster policy (Alfers et al. 2022). Certain actions need to be prioritised, including the need for better data, a rethinking of policies to ensure they encompass gender considerations and social protection measures that are inclusive of informal and migrant workers, and greater recognition of the important role that grass-roots organisations play in supporting marginalised groups in times of crisis.
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McDowell Peek, Katie, Blair Tormey, Holli Thompson, Allan Ellsworth e Cat Hawkins Hoffman. Climate change vulnerability assessments in the National Park Service: An integrated review for infrastructure, natural resources, and cultural resources. National Park Service, giugno 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293650.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Climate changes are affecting virtually all National Park Service units and resources, and an assessment of climate vulnerabilities is important for developing proactive management plans to respond appropriately to these changes and threats. Vulnerability assessments typically evaluate exposure and sensitivity of the assessment targets and evaluate adaptive capacity for living resources. Chapters in this report review and evaluate climate vulnerability assessments of National Park Service units and resources including infrastructure, natural resources, and cultural resources. Striking results were the diversity of approaches to conducting vulnerability assessments, the small number of vulnerability assessments for National Park Service cultural resources, and the large differences in the “state of the science” of conducting assessments among the three resource groups. Vulnerability assessment methodologies are well established for evaluating infrastructure and natural resources, albeit with very different techniques, but far less is known or available for designing and/or conducting cultural resources assessments. Challenges consistently identified in the vulnerability assessments, or the chapters were: Limited capacity of park staff to fully engage in the design and/or execution of the vulnerability assessments. Most park staff are fully engaged in on-going duties. Inconsistent use of terms, definitions, and protocols, sometimes resulting in confusion or inefficiencies. Discovering and acquiring National Park Service vulnerability assessments because results were inconsistently archived. Aligning results with park needs due to differences in level of detail, scope, and/or resolution, or format(s) for reporting results. Best practices and recommendations identified in multiple chapters were: Ensure that vulnerability assessments are designed to match parks’ needs, and that results are reported in ways that inform identified management decisions. Prioritize resources to be thoroughly assessed so effort is directed to the most important threats and resources. Evaluate all components of vulnerability (not just exposure). Explicitly and systematically address uncertainty, recognizing the range of climate projections and our understanding of potential responses. Identify and, where possible, focus on key vulnerabilities that most threaten conservation or management goals. Embrace partnerships and engage others with necessary expertise. Good vulnerability assessments usually require expertise in a broad range of subject areas.
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Agrawal, Asha Weinstein, Evelyn Blumenberg, Anastasia Loukaitou-Sideris e Brittney Lu. Understanding Workforce Diversity in the Transit Industry: Establishing a Baseline of Diversity Demographics. Mineta Transportation Institute, febbraio 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2024.2213.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study provides baseline data on the status of the racial/ethnic and gender diversity of the transit agency workforce in the U.S. and identifies potential barriers and promising practices for diversifying this workforce. Public transit agencies function best when the diversity of their workforce represents the communities they serve, yet previous research finds an underrepresentation of women and minorities in senior and managerial roles, along with an overconcentration of men and workers of color—particularly Black workers—in operational roles (e.g., drivers, janitors). The study updates those earlier studies with newer data drawn from five discrete research tasks: 1) review of the scholarly and professional literature on the topic; 2) review of the websites of the 50 largest transit operators; 3) analysis of employee demographic data submitted by 152 transit operators as part of Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) program plans; 4) analysis of responses to an original survey sent to the human resources personnel of transit agencies (92 responses from staff at 68 agencies), and 5) interviews with 12 professionals selected for their expertise in transportation workforce diversity monitoring, management, and/or advocacy.
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Anderson, Donald M., Lorraine C. Backer, Keith Bouma-Gregson, Holly A. Bowers, V. Monica Bricelj, Lesley D’Anglada, Jonathan Deeds et al. Harmful Algal Research & Response: A National Environmental Science Strategy (HARRNESS), 2024-2034. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, luglio 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1575/1912/69773.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Harmful and toxic algal blooms (HABs) are a well-established and severe threat to human health, economies, and marine and freshwater ecosystems on all coasts of the United States and its inland waters. HABs can comprise microalgae, cyanobacteria, and macroalgae (seaweeds). Their impacts, intensity, and geographic range have increased over past decades due to both human-induced and natural changes. In this report, HABs refers to both marine algal and freshwater cyanobacterial events. This Harmful Algal Research and Response: A National Environmental Science Strategy (HARRNESS) 2024-2034 plan builds on major accomplishments from past efforts, provides a state of the science update since the previous decadal HARRNESS plan (2005-2015), identifies key information gaps, and presents forward-thinking solutions. Major achievements on many fronts since the last HARRNESS are detailed in this report. They include improved understanding of bloom dynamics of large-scale regional HABs such as those of Pseudo-nitzschia on the west coast, Alexandrium on the east coast, Karenia brevis on the west Florida shelf, and Microcystis in Lake Erie, and advances in HAB sensor technology, allowing deployment on fixed and mobile platforms for long-term, continuous, remote HAB cell and toxin observations. New HABs and impacts have emerged. Freshwater HABs now occur in many inland waterways and their public health impacts through drinking and recreational water contamination have been characterized and new monitoring efforts have been initiated. Freshwater HAB toxins are finding their way into marine environments and contaminating seafood with unknown consequences. Blooms of Dinophysis spp., which can cause diarrhetic shellfish poisoning, have appeared around the US coast, but the causes are not understood. Similarly, blooms of fish- and shellfish-killing HABs are occurring in many regions and are especially threatening to aquaculture. The science, management, and decision-making necessary to manage the threat of HABs continue to involve a multidisciplinary group of scientists, managers, and agencies at various levels. The initial HARRNESS framework and the resulting National HAB Committee (NHC) have proven effective means to coordinate the academic, management, and stakeholder communities interested in national HAB issues and provide these entities with a collective voice, in part through this updated HARRNESS report. Congress and the Executive Branch have supported most of the advances achieved under HARRNESS (2005-2015) and continue to make HABs a priority. Congress has reauthorized the Harmful Algal Bloom and Hypoxia Research and Control Act (HABHRCA) multiple times and continues to authorize the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) to fund and conduct HAB research and response, has given new roles to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and required an Interagency Working Group on HABHRCA (IWG HABHRCA). These efforts have been instrumental in coordinating HAB responses by federal and state agencies. Initial appropriations for NOAA HAB research and response decreased after 2005, but have increased substantially in the last few years, leading to many advances in HAB management in marine coastal and Great Lakes regions. With no specific funding for HABs, the US EPA has provided funding to states through existing laws, such as the Clean Water Act, Safe Drinking Water Act, and to members of the Great Lakes Interagency Task Force through the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative, to assist states and tribes in addressing issues related to HAB toxins and hypoxia. The US EPA has also worked towards fulfilling its mandate by providing tools and resources to states, territories, and local governments to help manage HABs and cyanotoxins, to effectively communicate the risks of cyanotoxins and to assist public water systems and water managers to manage HABs. These tools and resources include documents to assist with adopting recommended recreational criteria and/or swimming advisories, recommendations for public water systems to choose to apply health advisories for cyanotoxins, risk communication templates, videos and toolkits, monitoring guidance, and drinking water treatment optimization documents. Beginning in 2018, Congress has directed the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) to develop a HAB research initiative to deliver scalable HAB prevention, detection, and management technologies intended to reduce the frequency and severity of HAB impacts to our Nation’s freshwater resources. Since the initial HARRNESS report, other federal agencies have become increasingly engaged in addressing HABs, a trend likely to continue given the evolution of regulations(e.g., US EPA drinking water health advisories and recreational water quality criteria for two cyanotoxins), and new understanding of risks associated with freshwater HABs. The NSF/NIEHS Oceans and Human Health Program has contributed substantially to our understanding of HABs. The US Geological Survey, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the National Aeronautics Space Administration also contribute to HAB-related activities. In the preparation of this report, input was sought early on from a wide range of stakeholders, including participants from academia, industry, and government. The aim of this interdisciplinary effort is to provide summary information that will guide future research and management of HABs and inform policy development at the agency and congressional levels. As a result of this information gathering effort, four major HAB focus/programmatic areas were identified: 1) Observing systems, modeling, and forecasting; 2) Detection and ecological impacts, including genetics and bloom ecology; 3) HAB management including prevention, control, and mitigation, and 4) Human dimensions, including public health, socio-economics, outreach, and education. Focus groups were tasked with addressing a) our current understanding based on advances since HARRNESS 2005-2015, b) identification of critical information gaps and opportunities, and c) proposed recommendations for the future. The vision statement for HARRNESS 2024-2034 has been updated, as follows: “Over the next decade, in the context of global climate change projections, HARRNESS will define the magnitude, scope, and diversity of the HAB problem in US marine, brackish and freshwaters; strengthen coordination among agencies, stakeholders, and partners; advance the development of effective research and management solutions; and build resilience to address the broad range of US HAB problems impacting vulnerable communities and ecosystems.” This will guide federal, state, local and tribal agencies and nations, researchers, industry, and other organizations over the next decade to collectively work to address HAB problems in the United States.
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Martino, W., J. Kassen, K. Omercajic e L. Dare. Supporting transgender and gender diverse students in Ontario schools: Educators’ responses. University of Western Ontario, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5206/qxvt8368.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This report details the findings of an Ontario-wide survey of 1194 school educators which is part of a larger study funded by funded by the Social Sciences Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC). The survey was developed in consultation with trans educators, school board officials, and community members and included a mix of qualitative and quantitative questions. The report is structured according to educators’ responses to questions about trans-inclusive policies, self-rated knowledge, and understanding of trans inclusion and gender diversity, training received, use of resources and the barriers to fostering gender diversity in schools. Educators’ recommendations and advice on improving education about trans inclusivity in schools are also reported. Key findings revealed that there continue to be systemic and structural impediments to supporting trans inclusion and gender diversity in schools, in terms of both the failure to enact policy and to provide adequate support, education, and resourcing for educators. Recommendations are outlined which relate to the need for further development of policies that identify the allocation of resources for both professional development and curriculum development as central to the necessary provision of support for trans students and creating gender-affirming schools. The report also stipulates the necessity for sustained accountability measures to be established by governing bodies, such as the Ontario Ministry of Education, for supporting gender diversity and trans inclusion with the explicit objective of supporting school boards fiscally in the provision of professional development and development of resources. Teacher Education faculties also need to be committed to ensuring that teacher candidates are provided with the knowledge and understanding of trans inclusion and what trans affirmative education entails.
8
Albright, Jeff, Kim Struthers, Lisa Baril, John Spence, Mark Brunson e Ken Hyde. Natural resource conditions at Glen Canyon National Recreation Area: Findings & management considerations for selected resources. National Park Service, aprile 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293112.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Glen Canyon National Recreation Area (GLCA) encompasses more than 0.5 million ha (1.25 million ac) and extends over 322 km (200 mi) from its northern boundary in southern Utah to its southern boundary in northern Arizona. It is one of the most rugged, remote, and floristically diverse national parks on the Southern Colorado Plateau (Thomas et. al 2005) and has more than 4,900 km (3,045 mi) of waterways flowing through its eight Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC 8) watersheds. GLCA’s larger perennial rivers include the Colorado, Escalante, Dirty Devil, San Juan, and Paria, with smaller perennial and intermittent streams flowing into each of these rivers. After the creation of the Glen Canyon Dam, Lake Powell formed, covering 13% of the park’s total land area when full and the national recreation area attracts over 4 million visitors annually, and in 2019 GLCA ranked 19th highest in recreational visits out of all national parks. The National Park Service Natural Resource Condition Assessment Program selected GLCA to pilot its new NRCA project series. NRCA projects evaluate the best available science to provide park managers with reliable, actionable information pertaining to natural resource conditions in their park. For the park-selected focal study resources, this includes consideration of drivers and stressors known or suspected of influencing resource conditions; assessment of current conditions and trends for indicators of condition; and potential near-term and future activities or actions managers can consider, improving their knowledge and management of natural resources in parks. For focal resources that lack adequate data to assess current conditions, a gap analysis is provided (in lieu of a condition assessment) to highlight the present status of knowledge of the resource and to suggest useful indicators, data, and studies for further consideration and investigation. Park managers are encouraged to identify information needs and pose questions during the NRCA scoping process, with the understanding that information will be provided to help address those needs and answer those questions when possible. For a comprehensive list of GLCA managers’ questions and needs, please refer to Appendix A, Table A-1. The focus of GLCA’s NRCA study was the water-dependent resources—tinajas, springs & seeps, including water quality, riparian zone, amphibians, including the northern leopard frog (Lithobates pipiens), and small, native fishes—that are found off the mainstem Colorado River. Managers were interested in these particular environments and the natural resources that depend on them because they are less studied, and the habitats are “biodiversity hotspots” due to the intersection of complex desert and freshwater ecosystems in a region limited by water. The following summaries highlight the key findings of GLCA’s focal resource drivers and stressors (Chapter 2), states (Chapter 3), and manager responses (Chapter 4).
9
Georgalakis, James, Saira Ahmed, Vaqar Ahmed, Marjorie Alain, Karine Gatellier, Ricardo Fort, Abid Suleri et al. Stories of Change: Covid-19 Responses for Equity. Institute of Development Studies, dicembre 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/core.2023.018.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Covid-19 Responses for Equity (CORE) was a three-year, CA$25m rapid research initiative that brought together 20 research projects to understand the socioeconomic impacts of the pandemic, improve existing responses, and generate better policy options for recovery. The research, funded by the Canadian International Development Research Centre (IDRC), took place across 42 countries in Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Middle East. The Institute of Development Studies (IDS) supported CORE to maximise the learning generated across the research portfolio and deepen engagement with governments, civil society, and the scientific community. This publication celebrates the impact of that research, and highlights Stories of Change from seven of the CORE projects that successfully influenced policy, practice, and understandings of the crisis. Collectively, these individual case studies provide a narrative about the nature of research impact in emergencies and the implications for the design and delivery of future rapid response research initiatives. There are clear lessons around the importance of organisational reputation, and the value of co-designing research with decision makers whilst simultaneously taking a critical position. Every story here emphasises the need to understand political context and to explore the trade-offs between research rigour and the timeliness of evidence. Above all, they illustrate the value of flexible funding arrangements that enable local teams to respond to fast-moving crises. These stories demonstrate unequivocally the value of locally led research responses to emergencies with the right international flow of resources and support. CORE’s research teams were well-placed to bring together communities, civil society organisations, and governments to create a space for vulnerable and marginalised groups to discuss their lived experiences of the pandemic and bring these perspectives into policy conversations. Their success hinged on their hyper-local knowledge and their unswerving focus on providing real-time evidence to advocate for the wellbeing of affected communities.
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Herbert, Sian. Covid-19, Conflict, and Governance Evidence Summary No.30. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), febbraio 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.028.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This fortnightly Covid-19 (C19), Conflict, and Governance Evidence Summary aims to signpost the UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO) and other UK government departments to the latest evidence and opinions on C19, to inform and support their responses. Based on the feedback given in a recent survey, and analysis by the Xcept project, this summary is now focussing more on C19 policy responses. This summary features resources on: how youth empowerment programmes have reduced violence against girls during C19 (in Bolivia); why we need to embrace incertitude in disease preparedness responses; and how Latin American countries have been addressing widening gender inequality during C19. It also includes papers on other important themes: the role of female leadership during C19; and understanding policy responses in Africa to C19 The summary uses two main sections – (1) literature: – this includes policy papers, academic articles, and long-form articles that go deeper than the typical blog; and (2) blogs & news articles. It is the result of one day of work, and is thus indicative but not comprehensive of all issues or publications.