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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Root"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 9 giugno 2025

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1

Kim, Hyun-Soo, Dae-Hee Jang, and Soo-Kyung Choi. "Resistance to Root Penetration of Root Barrier for Green Roof System." Journal of the Korean Institute of Building Construction 8, no. 6 (December 20, 2008): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5345/jkic.2008.8.6.123.

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2

Hassan, Affendy, Dorte Bodin Dresbøll, and Kristian Thorup-Kristensen. "Naturally coloured roots as a tool for studying root interactions in mixed cropping." Plant, Soil and Environment 67, No. 12 (December 10, 2021): 700–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/154/2021-pse.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the usage of species with coloured roots to study root growth patterns during intercropping. Red beet (Beta vulgaris L. cv. Detroit), having clear red roots, was used in a semi-field and field experiment to allow identification and quantification of roots of the individual species in the mixture. In the field experiment, red beet was strip intercropped with lucerne (Medicago sativa L. cv. Creno) and kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. Sabellica), respectively while the red beet-lucerne intercropping was conducted in large rhizoboxes where root growth distribution and <sup>15</sup>N isotope uptake was determined. The study confirmed that the direct visual measurement of root growth using species with coloured roots and indirect tracer uptake measurements contributed to the success of studying root growth dynamics in intercropping systems. Red beet root intensity was not considerably affected by the strip intercropping when the crops were established at the same time, but when established between existing lucerne strips, a reduction in roots at the border row was shown. Lucerne and kale were both observed to be able to exploit the deep soil layers beneath the red beet border row.

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3

Klausner, Arthur. "Root, Root, Root for the Home Team." Nature Biotechnology 3, no. 6 (June 1985): 584. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0685-584.

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4

Greenberg, Robin Eve. "Root! Root! Root! A Place Called Home." Jung Journal 19, no. 1 (January 2, 2025): 145–52. https://doi.org/10.1080/19342039.2025.2447211.

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5

Root, Richard. "A Rational Approach to Monoclonal Antibody Development According to Predefined Assay Criteria." BioProcessing Journal 2, no. 5 (October 30, 2003): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.12665/j25.root.

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6

van Rootselaar, Florentijn. "Ten Geleide." Wijsgerig Perspectief 53, no. 4 (January 1, 2013): 4–5. https://doi.org/10.5117/wp2013.4.001.root.

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7

STONE, J. A., and B. R. BUTTERY. "SOME EFFECTS OF NITRATE ON SOYBEAN ROOT DEVELOPMENT." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 66, no. 3 (July 1, 1986): 505–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps86-069.

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The objective of this study was to determine the effect of nitrate on some morphological aspects of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) root growth and to determine the role of drainage in the response. Two indeterminate soybean cultivars were grown on 0, 10 and 40% mixtures of perlite and Brookston clay loam, supplied with Bradyrhizobium japonicum strain USDA 110, and watered with nutrient solutions containing 0 or 6 mM nitrate. Plants were grown in acrylic tubes until 21 and 53 d after emergence in corresponding field and growth room experiments, respectively. Response variables measured were the rate of taproot extension, root counts at the acrylic-soil interface, and top, root, and nodule dry weight. Nitrate suppressed nodule development and increased top dry weight but had no effect on the rate of taproot extension. Nitrate increased root counts and root dry weights in the field test, but decreased root counts in the growth room test. Top:root ratio was increased in the growth room but not in the field test. Increasing the proportion of perlite generally increased rates of root extension, root counts, and top dry weights in the field and growth room experiments. However, the soil mixture had no effect on nodule dry weight at either location, or on root dry weight in the growth room.Key words: Root extension, Glycine max, indeterminate, drainage

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8

Q-S, Wu, Srivastava AK, and Cao M-Q. "Systematicness of glomalin in roots and mycorrhizosphere of a split-root trifoliate orange." Plant, Soil and Environment 62, No. 11 (November 9, 2016): 508–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/551/2016-pse.

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9

Reyes, Fernando, Jaime Cid, Miguel Angel Limon, and Manuel Cervantes. "Square Root - Type Control for Robot Manipulators." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 10, no. 1 (January 2013): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/52500.

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10

Kačergius, A., and D. Radaitienė. "Greenhouse test for the resistance to root and stem rot of Hypericum perforatum L. accessions." Plant Protection Science 38, SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002 (December 31, 2017): 533–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/10547-pps.

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Root and stem rot caused by soil-borne agent Fusarium avenaceum is a major disease of wild Hypericum perforatum accessions in the field collection of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (MAP) of the Institute of Botany in Lithuania. These wild accessions of H. perforatum are growing as an initial material for breeding. In 1998–2001 the monitoring of epidemiological situation of field collection of H. perforatum showed differences among accessions considering the resistance to root rot. High intensity of root rot was observed in the third–fourth years of cultivation. The most damaged plants (&gt; 50%) were among the accessions 219, 379, 381, and cv. Zolotodolinskaja. Fungi of the Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Penicillium, Rhizoctonia, and Verticillium genera were associated with H. perforatum roots together with the rot agent Fusarium avenaceum. Seven accessions from Lithuania and cv. Zolotodolinskaja of H. perforatum were tested for the resistance to root rot under greenhouse conditions. Two accessions (219, 381) were highly susceptible to the disease, another two (218, 383) were less susceptible, others were free of the symptoms of root rot. Accessions and single plants, survived after artificial infection, have been selected for further investigations.

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11

Gilman, Edward. "Root Barriers affect Root Distribution." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 22, no. 3 (May 1, 1996): 151–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1996.022.

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No roots of live oak (Quercus virginiana) or sycamore (Platanus occidentalis) went through Biobarrier™ during a 3-year period after planting. Most roots on both species without a barrier were located in the top 30 cm (12 in) of soil, and root number decreased with increasing soil depth. Roots were located at deeper soil depths beyond the Biobarrier. The roots 15 cm (6 in) from the Biobarrier were mostly 30 to 45 cm (12 to 18 in) below the soil surface. Eighty percent of oak roots and 72% of sycamore roots greater than 3 mm in diameter 0.9 m (3 ft) from the trunk without a barrier were in the top 30 cm (12 in) of soil, whereas, only 42% (oak) and 38% (sycamore) of roots were in the top 30 cm (12 in) for trees with the root barrier. Biobarrier forced roots deeper in the soil but in the high water table soil in this study, many roots returned to the soil surface by the time they had grown 1.2 m (4 ft) away from the barrier.

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12

Hashem, M., and A. M. Hamada. "Induction of resistance to root rot disease of wheat grown under field condition." Plant, Soil and Environment 48, No. 7 (December 21, 2011): 312–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4372-pse.

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Four compounds namely Fenor (F-760), Strom, salicylic acid (SA) and thiamin (B1) were tested against root rot disease of wheat under field condition. Wheat grains were soaked in these compounds for 6 h before sowing. Mean disease rating, disease appearance, and distribution of disease were estimated as parameters of disease severity. All tested compounds significantly reduced the root rot of wheat severity during seedling, flowering and ripening stages. Fresh and dry weights were also affected by application of these compounds. Water maintenance capacity in all stages was increased as a&nbsp;result of seed treatments by the above-mentioned compounds. Crop yield and parameters of spikes and grains were significantly improved. These results were discussed and analyzed statistically using LSD test.

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13

Megawati, Kartika, Sri Wilarso Budi, and Irdika Mansur. "Uji Efektivitas Inokulum Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Jati (Tectona Grandis Linn. F)." Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management) 9, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 587–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jpsl.9.3.587-595.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is a phylum of Glomeromycota. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) propagule are spores, mycor-rhizal fungal hyphae and infected root fragments. The aims of this research were to analyze the effectivity of root inoculum of AMF to enhance teak (Tectona grandis Linn F.) seedling growth. The research was used complete randomized design (CRD)-split plot design. The main plot was root inoculum of AMF, sub plot is a media sterilization and media is not sterilized. The results showed that root inoculum of AMF and media effectively improved teak growth, especially in height, diameter, and shoot dry weight. Root inoculum of AMF is able to be used as the source of inoculum for the growth teak seedling. Fresh inoculum was found to be better than root inoculum stored at room temperature and root inoculum stored at refrigerator temperature (5°C). Storage of root inocu-lum at room temperature and refrigerator temperature (5°C) for two weeks decreased the effectiveness of inoculum. Type of mixed inoculum and inoculum of Acaulospora sp. root resulted in better growth compared with G. clarum root inoculum.

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14

El-Kazzaz, M. K., M. M. Badr, H. M. El-Zahaby, and M. I. Gouda. "Biological control of seedling damping-off and root rot of sugar beet plants." Plant Protection Science 38, SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002 (December 31, 2017): 645–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/10580-pps.

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Some fungal and bacterial bioagents as well as an Actinomycete isolate were screened for their antagonistic effects against S. rolfsii, R. solani, M. phaseolina, F. oxysporum and F. solani in vitro. Trichoderma hamatum, T. harzianum, T. pseudokningii, certain isolates of Bacillus subtilis and one isolate of Pseudomonas fluorescens were the most effective bioagents in suppressing the radial growth of the four pathogens, in general. Yet, they were less effective in retarding growth of Fusarium spp. as compared with the other pathogens under study. Studying biological control showed the possibility of controlling sugar beet damping-off and root rot by certain bioagents as T. hamatum, T. hazianum, Pseudomonas fluorescens and B. subtilis under greenhouse (S. rolfsii-infested soil) and field (natural infection) conditions. These treatments also caused and increase root yield per plot.

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15

Dorota, Grygoruk. "Root biomass of Fagus sylvatica L. stands depending on the climatic conditions." FOLIA FORESTALIA POLONICA, SERIES A – FORESTRY 54, no. 8 (December 16, 2016): 220–27. https://doi.org/10.1515/ffp-2016-0025.

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Fine root biomass of forest trees is a recognised indicator of environmental changes in the conditions of global climate change. The present study was carried out in six old-growth beech forests (112–140 years) located in different climatic conditions on the range border of Fagus sylvatica L. in Poland. The root biomass was investigated by soil coring method in the upper soil layers (0–5 cm, 5–15 cm and total layer 0–15 cm). The significantly greater total root biomass was found in the beech stands, which characterised by higher average precipitation and lower average annual temperatures in the period 2000–2005. The share of roots of diameter > 5 mm increased with increasing depth of top soils. Biomass of fine roots (diameter ≤ 2 mm) decreased with increasing depth of upper soil layers. The average biomass of fine roots ranged from 175.36 to 418.16 g m<sup>-2</sup> in the soil layer 0–15 cm. The significant differences of fine root biomass were found between studied stands in the soil layers 0–5 cm and 0–15 cm. Also, it was found significant positive correlation between fine root biomass in the soil layer 0–15 cm and precipitation during the growing season in 2006. Precipitation in the study period was connected with very high rainfall in August 2006, repeatedly exceeding the long-term monthly levels. Regional climatic conditions, in that extreme weather events in growing seasons can significantly to affect changes of fine root biomass of forest trees, consequently, changes of relationships between the growth of above- and below-ground of the old-growth forest stands.

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16

REWALD, BORIS, JHONATHAN E. EPHRATH, and SHIMON RACHMILEVITCH. "A root is a root is a root? Water uptake rates of Citrus root orders." Plant, Cell & Environment 34, no. 1 (September 28, 2010): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2010.02223.x.

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17

Ignatev, Mikhail V. "Gradedness of the set of rook placements in A n−1." Communications in Mathematics 29, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 171–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cm-2021-0016.

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Abstract A rook placement is a subset of a root system consisting of positive roots with pairwise non-positive inner products. To each rook placement in a root system one can assign the coadjoint orbit of the Borel subgroup of a reductive algebraic group with this root system. Degenerations of such orbits induce a natural partial order on the set of rook placements. We study combinatorial structure of the set of rook placements in An− 1 with respect to a slightly different order and prove that this poset is graded.

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18

Šrobárová, A., and Š. Eged. "Trichoderma and sulphoethyl glucan reduce maize root rot infestation and fusaric acid content." Plant, Soil and Environment 51, No, 7 (November 19, 2011): 322–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3593-pse.

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Roots of maize seedlings (cv. Pavla) infested by Fusarium verticillioides (10<sup>5</sup>/ml) were cultivated on Murashige-Skoog medium (MSM, Sigma, USA) containing CaCl<sub>2</sub>,IAA and kinetin. Simultaneously, a strain of the antagonistic fungus Trichoderma sp. and a sulphoethyl glucan (SEG) isolated from the cell walls of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, were added. Two evaluations (on 7 and 14 days) were done. Productivity parameters of leaves and roots (fwt, dwt, and length), disease severity index (DSI) and fusaric acid (FA) concentration were evaluated. Both Trichoderma sp. and SEG increased productivity parameters of plants in infested variants and maintained it on the level of control plants during 14&nbsp;days of experiment. Trichoderma reduced the DSI, while SEG increased it. DSI correlated with FA concentration. After seven days of cultivation concentration of FA was lower in all infected variants cultivated concomitantly with agents, compared with the one without them. After 14 days of cultivation both agents reduced the concentration of FA up to 50% to the non-measurable concentration in variant with Trichoderma. In variant with positive control, where FA was added to SEG, its concentration decreased up to 30%.

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19

Ji, Peng, Arne Sæbø, Virginia Stovin, and Hans Martin Hanslin. "Sedum root foraging in layered green roof substrates." Plant and Soil 430, no. 1-2 (June 29, 2018): 263–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11104-018-3729-z.

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20

Rubio, Fanny, and Rebecca Kosick. "Root." Iowa Review 41, no. 3 (December 2011): 42–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17077/0021-065x.7069.

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21

An, Stine. "Root." Minnesota review 2020, no. 94 (May 1, 2020): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00265667-8128139.

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22

Kirschner, Elizabeth. "Root." Missouri Review 20, no. 2 (1997): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mis.1997.0077.

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23

Schwer, Petra. "Root operators, root groups and retractions." Journal of Combinatorial Algebra 2, no. 3 (August 14, 2018): 215–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4171/jca/2-3-1.

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24

Gilman, Edward F., and Thomas H. Yeager. "Root Initiation in Root-pruned Hardwoods." HortScience 23, no. 4 (August 1988): 775. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.23.4.775.

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Abstract Lateral root pruning and rootstock undercutting is practiced in field tree production. The timing, frequency, pruning distance from the trunk, and depth of pruning vary within the industry. Lateral roots formed in response to pruning usually originate close to the cut surface (1, 2, 5). Two recent studies indicated that root pruning field-grown landscape-sized trees increased root density within the root ball (3, 4). This research was conducted to determine the effect of root pruning on the location of regenerated roots and growth of existing unpruned lateral roots.

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25

Smiley, E. Thomas. "Root Growth Near Vertical Root Barriers." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 31, no. 3 (May 1, 2005): 150–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2005.018.

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26

Dzunic, Jovana. "Root-multiplicity and root iterative refinement." Filomat 37, no. 26 (2023): 8995–9008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fil2326995d.

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We discuss root-finding algorithms for multiple zeros of nonlinear equations in one variable. Recent investigations regarding this problem were mainly aimed at deriving schemes that use the beforehand knowledge of root multiplicity. In this communication we investigate several such root-finding methods under the assumption that the multiplicity of the sought root is not early known. We analyze strategies where root refinement is calculated along side to its multiplicity assessment, and put them to use through numerical experiments. Presented results go in favor of a more realistic use of the analysed methods.

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27

Hughes, K. A., and P. W. Gandar. "Kiwifruit root systems 2. Root weights." New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science 17, no. 2 (April 1989): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01140671.1989.10428022.

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28

Mahalakshmi, P. M., and P. Thangavelu. "Root Open and Root Closed Multisets." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1543 (May 2020): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1543/1/012011.

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29

Lin, Chun-Pin, Horng-Guang Chou, Ruey-Song Chen, Wan-Hong Lan, and Chi-Chuan Hsieh. "Root deformation during root-end preparation." Journal of Endodontics 25, no. 10 (October 1999): 668–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0099-2399(99)80352-5.

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30

Akita, S. S., C. K. Kim, and F. T. Parao. "Effect of root pruning during ripening on grain filling in rice." International Rice Research Notes 20, no. 3 (September 1, 1995): 16–17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6880532.

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This article 'Effect of Root Pruning During Ripening on Grain Filling in Rice' appeared in the International Rice Research Notes series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and rice-based systems. The series is a mechanism to help scientists keep each other informed of current rice research findings. The concise scientific notes are meant to encourage rice scientists to communicate with one another to obtain details on the research reported.

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31

Mareš, R. "The extent of root rot damage in Norway spruce stands established on fertile sites of former agricultural land." Journal of Forest Science 56, No. 1 (January 28, 2010): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/36/2009-jfs.

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The aim of this study was to compare the degree of root rot damage in two large complexes of Norway spruce stands established on former agricultural land at fertile sites. The root rot infection was observed on the stump cutting area on both intended and salvage clear fellings. Stands in Kružberk area in the Nízký Jeseník Mts. established on arable land showed very poor stability and large root rot damage at the age of 40–50 years. In contrast, stands in Lužná area in the Javorníky Mts., founded on former sheep pastures, were markedly much less damaged at the age of 90–110 years and proved to be able to provide quality timber, although they were damaged by the root rot as well.

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32

Upadhyay, Manoj Kumar, Manu Rana, Krishan Kumar Tyagi, and Khushboo Singh. "A Nonsurgical root canal therapy treatment with apparent indications for root-end surgery." Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences 2, no. 4S (2015): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/apjhs.2015.2.2s.10.

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33

Young, Eric, Yoshie Motomura, and C. Richard Unrath. "Influence of Root Temperature During Dormancy on Respiration, Carbohydrates, and Growth Resumption in Apple and Peach." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 112, no. 3 (May 1987): 514–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.112.3.514.

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Abstract Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) (‘MM 111’ rooted layers) and peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) (‘Lovell’ seedlings) trees were subjected to two root temperatures (5° and 16°C) in a cold room during dormancy with the shoot maintained at 5°. Trees were removed after specific cold treatments (5°), ranging from 0 to 1870 hr. Respiration and carbohydrate fractions were determined on shoots and roots immediately upon removal from the temperature treatments. A second set of trees treated identically were placed in a greenhouse for 30 days, and respiration, budbreak, new root number, and new root and shoot dry weights were determined. Warm (16°) root temperature reduced total soluble carbohydrates and respiration in roots of apple and peach after removal from the cold room, and this response did not change with additional chilling. Root starch levels of both species decreased with increased chilling time, but were not affected by root temperature. After 30 days in the greenhouse, budbreak, new shoot dry weight, and new root number and weight were significantly higher in apple trees that had their roots chilled as compared to those with unchilled roots. These parameters were independent of root temperature in peach. Respiration rates showed greater increases during the greenhouse phase, with increased shoot chilling in peach and root and shoot chilling in apple after the chilling requirements were surpassed. Shoot and root respiration rates did not rise in apple when the roots were not chilled.

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Korenblum, Elisa, Yonghui Dong, Jedrzej Szymanski, Sayantan Panda, Adam Jozwiak, Hassan Massalha, Sagit Meir, Ilana Rogachev, and Asaph Aharoni. "Rhizosphere microbiome mediates systemic root metabolite exudation by root-to-root signaling." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 7 (February 3, 2020): 3874–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1912130117.

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Microbial communities associated with roots confer specific functions to their hosts, thereby modulating plant growth, health, and productivity. Yet, seminal questions remain largely unaddressed including whether and how the rhizosphere microbiome modulates root metabolism and exudation and, consequently, how plants fine tune this complex belowground web of interactions. Here we show that, through a process termed systemically induced root exudation of metabolites (SIREM), different microbial communities induce specific systemic changes in tomato root exudation. For instance, systemic exudation of acylsugars secondary metabolites is triggered by local colonization of bacteria affiliated with the genus Bacillus. Moreover, both leaf and systemic root metabolomes and transcriptomes change according to the rhizosphere microbial community structure. Analysis of the systemic root metabolome points to glycosylated azelaic acid as a potential microbiome-induced signaling molecule that is subsequently exuded as free azelaic acid. Our results demonstrate that rhizosphere microbiome assembly drives the SIREM process at the molecular and chemical levels. It highlights a thus-far unexplored long-distance signaling phenomenon that may regulate soil conditioning.

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Roberson, Amanda, Carla Spence, and Harsh P. Bais. "Underground communication: Belowground signalling mediates diverse root–root and root–microbe interactions." Biochemist 36, no. 5 (October 1, 2014): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bio03605032.

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Plants are stationary organisms, generally restricted to one location for the duration of their growth and development, which is why the need for clear means of information exchange becomes paramount. Above-ground, plants readily emit pungent volatile substances to signal danger of eminent attack to their relatives or to attract the enemy of their enemies. However, most plant communication is occurring below the ground, where plants are secreting compounds from their roots to send messages to neighbouring plants, microbes and insects in the rhizosphere. Although we think of plants as silent and autonomous, they are actually having very complex and specific conversations to communicate with kin, shape their microbiome, and deter invasive plants and pathogens from taking up residence. Rather than blindly fumbling through the soil matrix in hopes of encountering the conditions for ideal growth, plant roots are actively exploring and modulating their surroundings. Root communication is not only critical in terms of an individual plant's success, but it is becoming clear that this activity has consequences to plant populations at the community and ecosystem scale. This article discusses belowground plant communication via root secretion and the resulting ecological significance.

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Kong, D., J. Wang, P. Kardol, H. Wu, H. Zeng, X. Deng, and Y. Deng. "The root economics spectrum: divergence of absorptive root strategies with root diameter." Biogeosciences Discussions 12, no. 15 (August 13, 2015): 13041–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-12-13041-2015.

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Abstract. Plant roots usually vary along a dominant ecological axis, the root economics spectrum (RES), depicting a tradeoff between resource acquisition and conservation. For absorptive roots, which are mainly responsible for resource acquisition, we hypothesized that root strategies as predicted from the RES shift with increasing root diameter. To test this hypothesis, we used seven contrasting plant species for which we separated absorptive roots into two categories: thin roots (< 247 μm diameter) and thick roots. For each category, we analyzed a~range of root traits closely related to resource acquisition and conservation, including root tissue density, carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) fractions as well as root anatomical traits. The results showed that trait relationships for thin absorptive roots followed the expectations from the RES while no clear trait relationships were found in support of the RES for thick absorptive roots. Our results suggest divergence of absorptive root strategies in relation to root diameter, which runs against a single economics spectrum for absorptive roots.

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Morita, Shigenori. "Growth of seed root and node root constituting root system of wheat." Root Research 4, no. 1 (1995): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3117/rootres.4.14.

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38

R., V. Thakkar, K. Sharma R., R. Chaudhari D., and J. Vihol K. "Management of Root Rot Disease in Soybean." International Journal of Environmental and Agriculture Research 10, no. 12 (December 31, 2024): 36–44. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14575104.

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<strong>Abstract:</strong> A field experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Station, S. D. Agricultural University, Ladol during 2019-20, 2020-21 and 2021-22 for management of root rot disease in soybean. The eight different treatments were evaluated. Based on pooled data of three years, the result revealed that minimum mean disease incidence (2.45%) was observed with seed treatment of Penflufen 13.28 % + Trifloxystrobin 13.28 % FS found lowest per cent disease incidence in throughout the crop season in all three years followed by seed treatment with Thiophanate Methyl 45 % + Pyraclostrobin 5 % FS (2.95%). 

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39

Chauvette, Vincent, Marie-Ève Chamberland, Laurence Lefebvre, and Ismail El-Hamamsy. "Root motion in a normal aortic root." ASVIDE 8 (January 2021): 017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/asvide.2021.017.

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40

Oro, Violeta. "The root-knot nematodes on root vegetables." Biljni lekar 48, no. 6 (2020): 636–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/biljlek2006636o.

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Root vegetables have been present in our country from the earliest times. Paleobotanical sources indicate the presence of seeds of plants of the family Apiaceae (carrots or parsnips) from the 6th millennium BC from the Belo Brdo site. The greatest damage to these plants is caused by nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne, whose larvae burrow into the roots and transform into adult organisms inside the tissue, causing tissue deformation, tumor formation and can completely jeopardize vegetable yields. The populations of M. hapla were found on carrots and parsnips from the vicinity of Leskovac and Belgrade, respectively and they are morphologically characterized. The larval morphometric data show no significant differences between the populations however, M. hapla from parsnips shows more variations in the female perineal pattern, which is a characteristic of the species.

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41

Karobari, Mohmed Isaqali, Ayesha Parveen, Mubashir Baig Mirza, Saleem D. Makandar, Nik Rozainah Nik Abdul Ghani, Tahir Yusuf Noorani, and Anand Marya. "Root and Root Canal Morphology Classification Systems." International Journal of Dentistry 2021 (February 19, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6682189.

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Introduction. While there are many root morphology classification systems with their own distinct advantages, there are many shortcomings that come along with each system. Objectives. The aim of this review was to compare the various root and root canal morphology classifications, their advantages, limitations, and clinical and research implications. Data Sources and Selection. An extensive literature search was conducted on PubMed and Scopus to identify the published data on root and root canal classification systems published until 1 May 2020 using keywords, root canal classification system, classification systems for root canals, and root morphology. The related literature was reviewed and then summarized. Data Synthesis. Several studies have analysed and detailed root and root canal classifications and further added new subsystems, works of Weine et al. (1969) and Vertucci et al. (1974). Besides, Sert and Bayirli (2004) added supplementary types to Vertucci’s classification system. A new classification was most recently introduced by Ahmed et al. (2017) involving the use of codes for tooth numbering, number of roots, and canal configuration. Conclusions. Weine et al. classified only single-rooted teeth, without considering multirooted teeth and complex configurations. Vertucci’s classification included complex configurations, with Sert and Bayirli adding further complex supplemental types. Ahmed et al.’s classification simplifies classifying root and canal morphology while overcoming the limitations of several previous classification systems making it beneficial for implementation in dental schools.

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42

Chauvette, Vincent, Marie-Ève Chamberland, Laurence Lefebvre, and Ismail El-Hamamsy. "Root motion in a normal aortic root." ASVIDE 7 (March 2020): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/asvide.2020.105.

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43

Costello, Laurence, Clyde Elmore, and Scott Steinmaus. "Tree Root Response to Circling Root Barriers." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 23, no. 6 (November 1, 1997): 211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1997.033.

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Root system size and distribution were measured for Raywood ash (Fraxinus oxycarpa 'Raywood') and Lombardy poplar (Populus nigra 'Italica') planted with and without circling root barriers. Trees with circling barriers had fewer numbers of roots than controls (no barriers), but mean root diameters were similar. Root depth 30 cm outside barriers was greater for trees with barriers, but at 90 and 150 cm away, depth was equivalent to controls. Roots tended to grow toward the soil surface after growing under the barriers. No consistent differences in root response to any of the four types of barriers tested were found for either species. Soil cultivation during the installation of a subsurface barrier (used to simulate a hardpan) resulted in lower soil bulk densities and a deeper distribution of roots in the soil profile than in plots which were not cultivated. Reducing soil bulk densities that are limiting to root growth may be an important consideration when using circling root barriers.

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44

Lundberg, Derek S., and Paulo J. P. L. Teixeira. "Root-exuded coumarin shapes the root microbiome." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 22 (May 15, 2018): 5629–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1805944115.

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45

Gandar, P. W., and K. A. Hughes. "Kiwifruit root systems 1. Root-length densities." New Zealand Journal of Experimental Agriculture 16, no. 1 (January 1988): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03015521.1988.10425612.

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46

Miloradovic van Doorn, Maja, Juliane Merl‐Pham, Andrea Ghirardo, Siegfried Fink, Andrea Polle, Jörg‐Peter Schnitzler, and Maaria Rosenkranz. "Root isoprene formation alters lateral root development." Plant, Cell & Environment 43, no. 9 (June 27, 2020): 2207–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pce.13814.

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47

Plachý, Peter, and Marek Matajs. "Root tip resection and root canal filling." Stomatológ 30, no. 1 (June 15, 2020): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.69658/sto.2020.006.

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48

Orr, Daniel L. "Root Tip Recovery via Root Canal Instrumentation." Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 73, no. 12 (December 2015): 2282–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2015.07.029.

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49

Mommer, Liesje, John Kirkegaard, and Jasper van Ruijven. "Root–Root Interactions: Towards A Rhizosphere Framework." Trends in Plant Science 21, no. 3 (March 2016): 209–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2016.01.009.

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50

Scheres, Ben, and Thomas Berleth. "Root development: New meanings for root canals?" Current Opinion in Plant Biology 1, no. 1 (February 1998): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1369-5266(98)80124-6.

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