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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Roots (Botany) Diseases and pests"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 6 febbraio 2022

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1

Summerell, Brett, and Edward Liew. "Phytophthora root rot: its impact in botanic gardens and on threatened species conservation." Sibbaldia: the International Journal of Botanic Garden Horticulture, no. 18 (February 21, 2020): 89–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.24823/sibbaldia.2020.290.

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Phytophthora root rot is one of the most devastating diseases of perennial plants worldwide, affecting plants in food production, amenity plantings and in natural ecosystems. The impact of these diseases in botanic gardens can be substantial and can affect how a site may be used for months and years ahead. Management is critically dependent on avoidance of the introduction of the pathogen and effective hygiene protocols are key to achieving this. Additionally, botanic gardens have a key role to play in protecting plants and enhancing conservation outcomes through surveillance, education and ex

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Martyn, R. D. "Where will the next Norman Borlaug come from? A U.S. perspective of plant pathology education and research." Plant Protection Science 45, No. 4 (December 27, 2009): 125–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/22/2009-pps.

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Plant diseases can be traced back almost as far as recorded history. Numerous ancient writings describe plagues and blasts destroying crops and modern civilization still faces many plant disease challenges. Plant pathology has its roots in botany and notable scientists such as Tillet, Prevost, and deBary already had concluded microscopic organisms could cause plant diseases before Robert Koch established the rules of proof of pathogenicity with sheep anthrax. Plant pathologists can be credited with helping improve crop yields and food production throughout the world. However, at a time when th

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3

Ondieki, Joseph Atanga, Peter Sirmah, and Joseph Hitimana. "Incidence of Pests and Diseases in Tree Nurseries and Plantations in Kimondi Forest, Nandi County, Kenya." East African Journal of Forestry and Agroforestry 3, no. 1 (March 5, 2021): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajfa.3.1.287.

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Increasing demand for wood is putting pressure on forest resources that are equally under threat from insect pests and diseases. Reported average annual forest loss stands at 0.2% globally, 0.8% in Africa, and 1.6% in Kenya. To meet the increasing demand for forest products in Kenya, the government and private sector have established plantations of non-native tree species dominated by Eucalyptus species, Cupressus lusitanica, and Pinus patula. To ensure successful forest plantation establishment and management schemes, there is a need for sufficient knowledge and understanding of tree growth c

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4

Beal, P. R., and D. C. Joyce. "Cutflower characteristics of terminal flowering tropical Grevillea: a brief review." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 39, no. 6 (1999): 781. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea98181.

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Summary. The large and colourful cut inflorescences of the terminal flowering tropical Grevillea species and hybrids are considered by enthusiasts to have potential as a cutflower crop. Developing understanding of the characteristics of grevillea inflorescences is collated in this review article. Botany, quality, cultivars, production and marketing, physiology and biochemistry, growth and development, flowering regulation, senescence, postharvest losses, pests and diseases, loss reduction measures, and use of floral preservatives for cut inflorescences are discussed. This overview of current k

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5

Maroyi, Alfred. "Albizia Adianthifolia: Botany, Medicinal Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Properties." Scientific World Journal 2018 (September 20, 2018): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7463584.

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The bark, leaves, and roots ofAlbizia adianthifoliaare highly sought after in tropical Africa as herbal medicines. Therefore, the aim of this study was to review the botany, medicinal uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties ofA. adianthifoliaso as to provide baseline data required for evaluating the therapeutic potential of the species. Information on the botanical profile, medicinal uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties ofA. adianthifoliawas undertaken using databases such as ScienceDirect, SciFinder, Pubmed, Google Scholar, Medline, SCOPUS, EThOS, ProQuest, OATD,

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Bouraïma, Amoussatou, Rachidatou Sikirou, Bruno Zocli, Vincent Ezin, Sètondji Alban Paterne Etchiha Afoha, Léopold Simplice Gnancadja, Adolphe Adjanonhoun, and Kerstin Hell. "Pests and Diseases Associated with Yam Bean (Pachyrhizus erosus) Cultivation at Farmers’ Levels in the Central Region of Benin." Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education 12, no. 2 (August 1, 2020): 132–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i2.23771.

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Roots and tubers are one of the most important crops that provide food security in West Africa. Thus, Pachyrhisus erosus with its various potentials, is planned to be introduced in Benin to improve the nutritional quality of the population. Prior to that, this study aimed at assessing pests and disease of P. erosus in the agroecological conditions in the central parts of Benin. Conducted at experimental field in Savè during two consecutive years, experiments were laid in a completely randomized block design with 4 replications and three treatments including EC 533 and EC Kew cultivars of P. er

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7

De Nardi, Barbara, René Dreos, Lorenzo Del Terra, Chiara Martellossi, Elisa Asquini, Patrizia Tornincasa, Debora Gasperini, et al. "Differential responses of Coffea arabica L. leaves and roots to chemically induced systemic acquired resistance." Genome 49, no. 12 (December 2006): 1594–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g06-125.

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Coffea arabica is susceptible to several pests and diseases, some of which affect the leaves and roots. Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is the main defence mechanism activated in plants in response to pathogen attack. Here, we report the effects of benzo(1,2,3)thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid-s-methyl ester (BTH), a SAR chemical inducer, on the expression profile of C. arabica. Two cDNA libraries were constructed from the mRNA isolated from leaves and embryonic roots to create 1587 nonredundant expressed sequence tags (ESTs). We developed a cDNA microarray containing 1506 ESTs from the leaves

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8

Gurr, Geoff M., Jian Liu, Anne C. Johnson, Deane N. Woruba, Gunnar Kirchhof, Ryosuke Fujinuma, William Sirabis, Yapo Jeffery, and Ramakrishna Akkinapally. "Pests, diseases and crop protection practices in the smallholder sweetpotato production system of the highlands of Papua New Guinea." PeerJ 4 (December 7, 2016): e2703. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2703.

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Sweetpotato (Ipomea batatans) is a food crop of global significance. The storage roots and foliage of crop are attacked by a wide range of pests and diseases. Whilst these are generally well controlled in developed countries using approaches such as clean planting material and monitoring with pheromone traps to guide insecticide use, research into methods suitable for developing countries has lagged. In Papua New Guinea (PNG), sweetpotato is grown extensively as a subsistence crop and commercial production as a cash crop is developing. We report results from a survey of 33 smallholder producer

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9

Bezerra, Gabrielle Alves, Afra Vital Matos Dias Gabriel, Eduardo D. Mariano, and Jean Carlos Cardoso. "In vitro culture and greenhouse acclimatization of Oncidium varicosum (Orchidaceae) with microorganisms isolated from its roots." Ornamental Horticulture 25, no. 4 (December 2019): 407–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2447-536x.v25i4.2046.

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Abstract Sustainable production of orchids may be achieved with the use of symbiotic microorganisms that improve resistance of plants to pests and diseases and reduce the need of substrate fertilization. In this study, one fungus (F1), one yeast (Y1) and one gram-positive bacteria (B+) were isolated from the roots of the orchid Oncidium varicosum and used in the cultivation of protocorms and plantlets obtained from seeds of this species. Cultivation of protocorms in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium enriched with sucrose and inoculated with microorganisms did not result in better development of

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10

Syvertsen, Jim, and Yoseph Levy. "Salinity Interactions with Other Abiotic and Biotic Stresses in Citrus." HortTechnology 15, no. 1 (January 2005): 100–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.15.1.0100.

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Multiple stresses almost always have synergistic effects on plants. In citrus, there are direct and indirect interactions between salinity and other physical abiotic stresses like poor soil drainage, drought, irradiance, leaf temperature, and atmospheric evaporative demand. In addition, salinity interacts with biotic pests and diseases including root rot (Phytophthora spp.), nematodes, and mycorrhizae. Improving tree water relations through optimum irrigation/drainage management, maintaining nutrient balances, and decreasing evaporative demand can alleviate salt injury and decrease toxic ion a

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11

estabrook, barry. "On the Tomato Trail: In Search of Ancestral Roots." Gastronomica 10, no. 2 (2010): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2010.10.2.40.

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A profile of Roger Chetelat, the director of the C.M. Rick Tomato Genetics Resource Center at the University of California, Davis. Chetelat maintains one of the largest collections of tomato seeds in the world. Many of those seeds come from wild tomato species that Chetelat and his associates collect on field research trips to the dry coastal areas of Chile, Peru, and Ecuador. Wild tomatoes are tough, versatile organisms that have evolved resistance to virtually all common tomato diseases and pests and stubbornly tolerate extreme environmental conditions. Some boast extraordinarily high levels

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Castilla-Valdés, Yanelis. "La gardenia: características, usos, plagas y enfermedades y aspectos básicos de su cultivo." Agronomía Mesoamericana 29, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 731. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/ma.v29i3.31461.

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The gardenia (Gardenia jasminoides Ellis) is a plant that is very appreciated in gardening for the beauty and fragrance of its flowers, attractive size and the intense green color of the foliage. In contrast to its ornamental qualities, it is not one of the most used plants in Cuba and other countries, so it is necessary to promote its cultivation. The present review objective was deepening and integrating information regarding the characteristics, utility, main pests and diseases and methods of propagation of the gardenia. The sunny and warm conditions during the day and fresh at night, relat

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13

Song, Guo-qing, Hideo Honda, and Ken-ichi Yamaguchi. "Expression of a Rice Chlorophyll a/b Binding Protein Promoter in Sweetpotato." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 132, no. 4 (July 2007): 551–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.132.4.551.

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Leaves are usually the target tissue for expressing transgenes conferring resistances to herbicides, pests, and diseases. To achieve leaf-specific expression, a light-harvest chlorophyll a/b binding protein (CAB) of photosystem-II (CAB2) promoter (CAB2-p) from rice (Oryza sativa L.) and the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter were fused to the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter and subsequently evaluated in transgenic sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas L. (Lam.)]. The 35S promoter-directed GUS activities varied from 46.0 to 61.2 nmol 4-methyl-umbelliferyl-β-D-glucuronide (4-MU) per minute per milligra

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14

Dangler, James M. "Alabama's Foundation Sweetpotato Program Maintains Root Quality." HortTechnology 4, no. 3 (July 1994): 224b—227. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.4.3.224b.

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Many sweetpotato growers produce their own transplants to control quality, assure timely availability, and reduce production costs. The Alabama Crop Improvement Association, Inc., maintains Foundation, Registered, and Certified stocks to provide sweetpotato producers with high-quality sweetpotatoes. These sweetpotato roots are available to growers in any state to improve the quality of their rootstock. Sweetpotatoes produced in the crop improvement program are examined in the bed and the field. They are inspected by the Alabama Dept. of Agriculture and Industries, stored in approved facilities

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15

Monawati, Ari, Desi Rhomadhoni, and Nur Rokhimah Hanik. "Identifikasi Hama dan Penyakit Pada Tanaman Anggrek Bulan (Phalaenopsis amabilis)." Florea : Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya 8, no. 1 (May 20, 2021): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.25273/florea.v8i1.9002.

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<pre><em>Orchid is the general name for all types of plants in the family Orchidaceae (family of orchids). This family is one of the largest groups among other flowering plants. It is estimated that worldwide there are around 15,000-20,000 species of orchids with 900 genera (clans) that grow endemic to forests scattered in various countries. Of all orchid species in the world, 5,000 of them are in Indonesia. Broadly speaking, the classification of orchids is divided into 5 subfamilies, 16 tribes (tribes), and 28 subtribes. Phalaenopsis is a genus of orchids which is popular for its

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16

Wszelaczyńska, Elżbieta, Małgorzata Szczepanek, Jarosław Pobereżny, and Maciej J. Kazula. "Effect of biostimulant application and long-term storage on the nutritional value of carrot." Horticultura Brasileira 37, no. 4 (October 2019): 451–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-053620190414.

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ABSTRACT The nutritional value of carrot is determined by the content of total sugars and monosaccharides, carotenoids and vitamins, including vitamin C, in its roots. In 2009-2011, field experiments were carried out concerning the effect of biostimulating preparations applied during the carrot vegetation period on selected nutrients of its roots (total sugars, monosaccharides, carotenoids and vitamin C). Two biostimulants were foliarly applied in doses of 2 or 3 L ha-1 on various dates. Kelpak SL and Asahi SL: one, two or three applications; where, second and third applied at 2-week interval,

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Lubis, Arif Ridho, Santi Prayudani, Muharman Lubis, and Al Khowarizmi. "Decision Making in the Tea Leaves Diseases Detection Using Mamdani Fuzzy Inference Method." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 12, no. 3 (December 1, 2018): 1273. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i3.pp1273-1281.

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The tea plants (Camellia Sinensis) are small tree species that use leaves and leaf buds to produce tea harvested through a monoculture system. It is an agriculture practice to cultivate one types of crop or livestock, variety or breed on a farm annually. Moreover, the emergence of pests, pathogens and diseases cause serious damages to tea plants significantly to its productivity and quality to optimum worst. All parts of the tea plant such as leaves, stems, roots, flowers and fruits are exposed to these harm lead to loss of yield 7 until 10% per year. The intensity of these attacks vary greatl

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18

Bassal, Hussein, Othmane Merah, Aqeel M. Ali, Akram Hijazi, and Fawaz El Omar. "Psophocarpus tetragonolobus: An Underused Species with Multiple Potential Uses." Plants 9, no. 12 (December 8, 2020): 1730. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9121730.

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Natural products, particularly those extracted from plants, have been used as therapy for different diseases for thousands of years. The first written records on the plants used in natural medicine, referred to as “medicinal plants”, go back to about 2600 BC. A thorough and complete understanding of medicinal plants encompasses a multiplex of overlapping and integrated sciences such as botany, pharmacognosy, chemistry, enzymology and genetics. Psophocarpus tetragonolobus, a member of Fabaceae family also called winged bean, is a perennial herbaceous plant characterized by its tuberous roots an

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Munareto, Janete Denardi, Thomas Newton Martin, Tania Maria Müller, Ubirajara Russi Nunes, Guilherme Bergeijer da Rosa, and Luiz Fernando Teleken Grando. "Compatibility of Azospirillum brasilense with fungicide and insecticide and its effects on the physiological quality of wheat seeds." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 39, no. 2 (March 15, 2018): 855. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2018v39n2p855.

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Seed treatment is a practice that helps the initial establishment of the crop without the effects caused by pests and diseases. The association of diazotrophic bacteria with grasses has been used in the supply of nitrogen to plants; however, these microorganisms produce growth-promoting substances, which promote benefits in the growth and development of the crops. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the compatibility of Azospirillum brasilense associated with the fungicide difenoconazole and the insecticide thiamethoxam by observing the effects on the quality of seed emergence of

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Velicof, Mihai. "Conceptual Delimitations in the Field of Biosecurity." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 26, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kbo-2020-0026.

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AbstractBiosecurity is a term who was brought more into our attention after the events of September 11, 2010 who have been followed by the most famous bioterrorist attack with the anthrax letters. Defining biosecurity is not as easy how it looks at first side because this term it has a lot of interpretations according to various disciplines where it is used. At the beginning biosecurity was introduced as a set of measures with the purpose to reduce the risk of transmission of the infectious diseases in living modified organism, quarantined pests and infectious diseases in livestock and crops.

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Pool, Joshua R., Jason J. Griffin, Cheryl R. Boyer, and Stuart L. Warren. "Establishment and Growth of Transplanted Conifers in the Southern Great Plains." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 30, no. 4 (December 1, 2012): 214–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898.30.4.214.

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Pinus spp. (pine) currently experience considerable pressure from numerous pests, diseases, and sometimes harsh climate of the Midwest and Great Plains thus jeopardizing the health of current windbreaks and landscapes. Four species of conifers, Abies nordmanniana (Nordmann fir), Cupressus arizonica (Arizona cypress), Picea engelmannii (engelmann spruce), and Thuja × ‘Green Giant’ (‘Green Giant’arborvitae) were spring planted in a sandy loam soil to observe root and shoot growth during the initial 12 months following transplant. Whole plant (roots and shoots) harvests occurred monthly for exami

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Pool, Joshua R., Jason J. Griffin, Cheryl R. Boyer, and Stuart L. Warren. "Short-term Recurring Drought Affects Growth and Photosynthetic Capacity of Four Conifer Species." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 31, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898.31.1.39.

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The Midwest and southern Great Plains are known for historic and severe droughts. More common, however, are short-term recurring drought events that can limit tree survival. The pressure of environmental stress combined with numerous diseases and pests are decimating existing Pinus L. spp. (pine) plantings and driving the effort to identify alternative species. Four species of conifer were subjected to recurring moderate or severe drought to observe the effects on growth and photosynthesis. Species evaluated were: Abies nordmanniana (Nordmann fir), Cupressus arizonica (Arizona cypress), Picea

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Harman, Gary E., and Norman Uphoff. "Symbiotic Root-Endophytic Soil Microbes Improve Crop Productivity and Provide Environmental Benefits." Scientifica 2019 (April 2, 2019): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9106395.

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Plants should not be regarded as entities unto themselves, but as the visible part of plant-microbe complexes which are best understood as “holobiomes.” Some microorganisms when given the opportunity to inhabit plant roots become root symbionts. Such root colonization by symbiotic microbes can raise crop yields by promoting the growth of both shoots and roots, by enhancing uptake, fixation, and/or more efficient use of nutrients, by improving plants’ resistance to pests, diseases, and abiotic stresses that include drought, salt, and other environmental conditions, and by enhancing plants’ capa

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Tordable, M. del C., A. J. Andrade, M. E. Doucet, and P. Lax. "Histopathology of Andean Potato (Solanum tuberosum Andigenum group) varieties parasitized by the false root-knot nematode, Nacobbus aberrans." Brazilian Journal of Biology 78, no. 4 (February 1, 2018): 679–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.172401.

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Abstract Landraces of the Solanum tuberosum Andigenum group are abundant and diverse. They are a valuable genetic resource possessing resistance to pests, diseases, and environmental stresses. In the Andean region, populations of the false root-knot nematode Nacobbus aberrans became specialized to infect native potatoes, being one of the major limiting factors affecting this crop. A better understanding of the host plant-parasite interactions is important in order to select tolerant or resistant plants to be included in management programs. Despite the close of association of N. aberrans with

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Fraedrich, Stephen W., and L. David Dwinell. "An Evaluation of Dazomet Incorporation Methods on Soilborne Organisms and Pine Seedling Production in Southern Nurseries." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 27, no. 1 (February 1, 2003): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/27.1.41.

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Abstract The use of dazomet as a fall and spring fumigant for pine seedling production and control of soilborne pests was evaluated at two southern nurseries. Dazomet was applied at low (280–325 kg/ha) and high (493–560 kg/ha) rates and incorporated with a rototiller or spading machine. Comparisons were made with methyl bromide/chloropicrin (MBC) fumigation and nonfumigated control treatments. Dazomet incorporation method had no effect on seedling density at either nursery, and often did not affect seedling morphological characteristics. At the Georgia (GA) nursery, seedling density and morpho

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Smiley, Richard W., Abdelfattah A. Dababat, Sadia Iqbal, Michael G. K. Jones, Zahra Tanha Maafi, Deliang Peng, Sergei A. Subbotin, and Lieven Waeyenberge. "Cereal Cyst Nematodes: A Complex and Destructive Group of Heterodera Species." Plant Disease 101, no. 10 (October 2017): 1692–720. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-03-17-0355-fe.

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Small grain cereals have served as the basis for staple foods, beverages, and animal feed for thousands of years. Wheat, barley, oats, rye, triticale, rice, and others are rich in calories, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals. These cereals supply 20% of the calories consumed by people worldwide and are therefore a primary source of energy for humans and play a vital role in global food and nutrition security. Global production of small grains increased linearly from 1960 to 2005, and then began to decline. Further decline in production is projected to continue through 2050 while g

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Goud, Jan-Kees C., Aad J. Termorshuizen, Wim J. Blok, and Ariena H. C. van Bruggen. "Long-Term Effect of Biological Soil Disinfestation on Verticillium Wilt." Plant Disease 88, no. 7 (July 2004): 688–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2004.88.7.688.

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Biological soil disinfestation (BSD), involving incorporation of grass combined with plastic mulching, eliminates many soilborne pests and diseases through the creation of anaerobic conditions. BSD was compared at two locations with a nontreated control, Italian ryegrass amendment alone, and plastic mulch alone. After the soil treatments, plots were cropped with Acer platanoides and Catalpa bignonioides and grown for 4 years. Relative to the control, soil inoculum levels of Verticillium dahliae were reduced by 85% after BSD and did not increase for 4 years. Populations of Pratylenchus fallax,

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Wuyts, Nathalie, Rony Swennen, and Dirk De Waele. "Effects of plant phenylpropanoid pathway products and selected terpenoids and alkaloids on the behaviour of the plant-parasitic nematodes Radopholus similis, Pratylenchus penetrans and Meloidogyne incognita." Nematology 8, no. 1 (2006): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854106776179953.

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AbstractPlants produce a wide range of biologically active chemicals which have been extensively explored for nematode-antagonistic properties. Although phenylpropanoids are part of the chemical defence system of plants against pests and diseases, including parasitic nematodes, no comprehensive study exists which relates (levels of) phenylpropanoid compounds in roots to actual effects on nematode behaviour. Therefore, a broad spectrum evaluation was made of the effects of phenylpropanoids (simple phenolics and flavonoids) and selected monoterpenoids and alkaloids on the behaviour of the migrat

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Chikowe, Ibrahim, Moira Mnyenyembe, Stuart Jere, Andrew G. Mtewa, John Mponda, and Fanuel Lampiao. "An Ethnomedicinal Survey of Indigenous Knowledge on Medicinal Plants in the Traditional Authority Chikowi in Zomba, Malawi." Current Traditional Medicine 6, no. 3 (March 9, 2020): 225–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2215083805666190821104434.

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Introduction: Medicinal plants and ethnomedicinal studies continue playing a significant role in herbal products development and traditional knowledge conservation. Calls for ethnomedicinal studies have increased recently to unleash the potential in medicinal plants and document verbal traditional knowledge. This study recorded the medicinal plants administered by traditional practitioners in the Traditional Authority Chikowi area of Zomba district in Malawi. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted for 2 weeks in September 2017. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to

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Hlevaskiy, V., V. Rybak, V. Kuyanov, and R. Shapovalenko. "Sugar beets root crops productivity in different hybrids." Agrobìologìâ, no. 2(153) (December 18, 2019): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-9270-2019-153-2-6-12.

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Modern sugar beet hybrids have a potential root crop capacity of above 50.0 t/ha and sugar content of 16.1–18.5 %. Seeds with a germination rate of not less than 90 % are being used in this case, highly efficient energy-saving technologies based on the use of agricultural techniques (crop rotation, fertilization system, soil tillage system, sowing at the final density), protection against pests and diseases, the method of harvesting root crops are used. The performance of the sugar beet hybrid is mainly determined by the genetic information contained in the seeds and the conditions in which th

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Hodel, Donald R. "Biology of Palms and Implications for Management in the Landscape." HortTechnology 19, no. 4 (January 2009): 676–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.19.4.676.

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Comprising a natural and distinctive group, palms (Arecaceae) differ from other woody plants in their structure and growth features that require or offer unique and sometimes advantageous landscape management opportunities. Although palms are a mostly tropical group that lacks dormancy and cold tolerance, there are numerous species possessing sufficient cool or cold hardiness to be suitable for landscaping in subtropical and even some temperate areas. The habit of palms is largely dependent on the number of stems and the length to which they elongate. There are solitary or multistemmed palms a

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32

Zukalová, H., J. Vašák, D. Nerad, and P. Štranc. "The role of glucosinolates of Brassica genus in the crop system." Plant, Soil and Environment 48, No. 4 (December 11, 2011): 181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4218-pse.

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Glucosinolates with Brassica genus as secondary metabolites have a&nbsp;lot of functions and effects. Glucosinolates form less than 2% of the overall sulphur content at the beginning of vegetation in different parts of the plants and during growth their content is decreasing and forms less than 0.1%. This low representation doubts their storage function. With its chemical composition, they are ranked among natural pesticides with active and passive resistance against diseases and pests. They show repellent effects and properties of natural biofumigators in soil after ploughing in their bio

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33

Prasetyo, Riko, Iwan Sasli, and Dan Tris Haris Ramadhan. "Keragaman Vegetasi dan Identifikasi Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (FMA) Pada Lahan Bekas Tambang." Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) 47, no. 2 (August 30, 2019): 217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24831/jai.v47i2.25050.

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Revegetation of former gold mining land is expected to restore soil fertility. One of the ways to use the gold-mined land as agricultural land is by utilizing the symbioses of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is expected to accelerate the revegetation process. The aim of the study was to analyze vegetation and AMF exploration in secondary forest land (SF) and former gold mining land (FGML) in the Mandor District . The research stages were conducting the plant identification and the exploration of AMF at the laboratory of Pests and Diseases of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tanjungpura

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Silva, João Vasco, and Ken E. Giller. "Grand challenges for the 21st century: what crop models can and can't (yet) do." Journal of Agricultural Science 158, no. 10 (December 2020): 794–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859621000150.

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AbstractCrop production is at the core of a ‘perfect storm’ encompassing the grand challenges of achieving food and nutrition security for all, in the face of climate change, while avoiding further conversion of natural habitats for agriculture and loss of biodiversity. Here, we explore current trends in crop modelling related to these grand challenges by reflecting on research presented at the Second International Crop Modelling Symposium (iCropM2020). A keyword search in the book of abstracts of the symposium revealed a strong focus on ‘climate change’, ‘adaptation’ and ‘impact assessment’ a

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35

Rotasouw, Shiska M., Johanna Taribuka, and Handry R. D. Amanupunyo. "Identifikasi dan Kemampuan Jamur Endofitik Asal Jagung (Zea mays L.) Terhadap Patogen Busuk Pelepah (Rhyzoctonia solani)." JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN 16, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 140–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/jbdp.2020.16.2.140.

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Abstract (sommario):

Maize is a cereal crop which is an important source of food because it is the second source of carbohydrates after rice. Maize cultivation is faced with various plant diseases, that can reduce the quantity and quality of crop yield. Plant disease is one of the limiting factors for crop production and seed quality. One of the most harmful maize diseases is blight or midrib rot caused by the soil-borne fungus Rhizoctonia solani. The aim of the study was to obtain endophytic microorganisms in maize and to test the antagonistic ability of these fungi as biological control agents against R. solani.

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Ren, Zhongbo, and Jiang Lu. "113 Preliminary Study on Grafting between Vitis rotundifolia and V. vinifera Grapes." HortScience 34, no. 3 (June 1999): 461A—461. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.3.461a.

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Abstract (sommario):

Non-native grape species such as V. vinifera and V. labrusca can not sustain the hot and humid environment of Florida due to their susceptibility to various diseases. Vitis rotundifolia (muscadine grapes) is native to Florida and the southeastern United States and adapted well to this climate condition. They are highly resistant to almost all grape foliage diseases and root pests such as nematode and phylloxera. Theoretically, muscadine grapes may become a valuable rootstock for bunch grapes. Unfortunately, most previous studies found that muscadine grapes were graft-incompatible with bunch gr

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Marquez, Nathalie, María L. Giachero, Adrien Gallou, Humberto J. Debat, Sylvie Cranenbrouck, Julio A. Di Rienzo, María J. Pozo, Daniel A. Ducasse, and Stéphane Declerck. "Transcriptional Changes in Mycorrhizal and Nonmycorrhizal Soybean Plants upon Infection with the Fungal Pathogen Macrophomina phaseolina." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 31, no. 8 (August 2018): 842–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-11-17-0282-r.

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Abstract (sommario):

Macrophomina phaseolina is a soil-borne fungal pathogen with a wide host range that causes charcoal rot in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Control of the disease is a challenge, due to the absence of genetic resistance and effective chemical control. Alternative or complementary measures are needed, such as the use of biological control agents, in an integrated approach. Several studies have demonstrated the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in enhancing plant resistance or tolerance to biotic stresses, decreasing the symptoms and pressure caused by various pests and diseases, inclu

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38

Jędryczka, Małgorzata, Idalia Kasprzyk, Marek Korbas, Ewa Jajor, and Joanna Kaczmarek. "Infestation of Polish Agricultural Soils by Plasmodiophora Brassicae Along The Polish-Ukrainian Border." Journal of Plant Protection Research 54, no. 3 (July 1, 2014): 238–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jppr-2014-0036.

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Abstract There has been a rapid, worldwide increase in oilseed rape production that has resulted in enormous intensification of oilseed rape cultivation, leading to tight rotations. This in turn, has caused an accumulation of pests as well as foliar and soil-borne diseases. Recently, clubroot has become one of the biggest concerns of oilseed rape growers. Clubroot is caused by the soil-borne protist Plasmodiophora brassicae Woronin. The pathogen may be present in groundwater, lakes, and irrigation water used in sprinkling systems. It can be easily transmitted from one field to another not only

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39

SESWITA, DELIAH. "PENGGUNAAN AIR KELAPA SEBAGAI ZAT PENGATUR TUMBUH PADA MULTIPLIKASI TUNAS TEMULAWAK (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) IN VITRO." Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri 16, no. 4 (June 19, 2020): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jlittri.v16n4.2010.135-140.

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Abstract (sommario):

<p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Tanaman temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) merupakansalah satu tanaman obat potensial unggulan yang memiliki khasiatmultifungsi. Rimpangnya yang berkhasiat obat mampu mengobati ber-bagai penyakit seperti kelainan pada hati/lever, kantong empedu, danpankreas. Adanya kecenderungan masyarakat ingin menggunakan pengo-batan dengan bahan alami, menjadikan permintaan benih temulawaksebagai bahan baku obat maupun industri jamu di Indonesia meningkatdengan pesat. Kondisi ini memberi peluang kepada petani sebagaipenyedia bahan tanaman. Upaya penyediaan bahan tanama

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40

Dervis, S., M. Arslan, C. U. Serce, S. Soylu, and I. Uremis. "First Report of a Root Rot Caused by Phytophthora palmivora on Lavandula angustifolia in Turkey." Plant Disease 95, no. 8 (August 2011): 1035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-04-11-0306.

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Abstract (sommario):

English Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) has been considered an alternative crop to tobacco in Hatay Province of Turkey because of its great production potential. As a new, nonnative crop, diseases and pests of lavender are not well known in the region. In summer 2010, root rot symptoms were observed with an average incidence of 45% in a 2-year-old lavender nursery in Hatay. Initial symptoms of chlorosis and wilting were followed by progressive death of the plants starting at the shoot tips. An oomycetous species was isolated consistently from the stems and roots of diseased plants on p

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41

Camelo R., Mauricio, Sulma Paola Vera M., and Ruth Rebeca Bonilla B. "Mecanismos de acción de las rizobacterias promotoras del crecimiento vegetal." Corpoica Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria 12, no. 2 (November 23, 2011): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/rcta.vol12_num2_art:227.

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Abstract (sommario):

<p>La dinámica poblacional de la especie humana ha llevado a que la explotación de los recursos naturales, en búsqueda de suplir las necesidades alimenticias de los miles de millones de personas que habitan el planeta. Esta necesidad ha llevado a la utilización de materiales de alta eficiencia en la agricultura, variedades vegetales resistentes a plagas y enfermedades con ciclos de producción más cortos, agroquímicos que surten las necesidades nutricionales y provean protección frente factores bióticos adversos (plagas y enfermedades). Sin embargo, estas estrategias utilizadas en la agri

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42

Balakrishnan, Rengasamy, Duk-Yeon Cho, In Su-Kim, and Dong-Kug Choi. "Dendropanax Morbiferus and Other Species from the Genus Dendropanax: Therapeutic Potential of Its Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology." Antioxidants 9, no. 10 (October 8, 2020): 962. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9100962.

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Abstract (sommario):

The Dendropanax genus is a kind of flowering plant in the family of Araliaceae that encompasses approximately 91 to 95 species. Several Dendropanax species are used as traditional medicinal plants, extensively used Korea and South America and other parts of the world. Almost every part of the plant, including the leaves, bark, roots, and stems, can be used as traditional medicine for the prevention and management of a broad spectrum of health disorders. This paper sought to summarizes the ethnopharmacological benefits, biological activities, and phytochemical investigations of plants from the

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43

Hill, G. N., W. R. Henshall, and R. M. Beresford. "Manipulating rainfall to study symptom expression of Botrytis cinerea infection in wine grapes." New Zealand Plant Protection 70 (July 26, 2017): 301–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2017.70.64.

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Abstract (sommario):

Botrytis cinerea infection of wine grapes can result in a variety of symptoms. The most common symptom is botrytis bunch rot (BBR), where infected berries rot and shrivel, and eventually produce fungal sporulation. Another symptom is slip skin, where the skins of infected ripe berries slide easily from the pulp. It is hypothesised that a reduction in osmotic potential in grape berries due to late-season rainfall leads to slip skin symptom development. Hyphal growth of B. cinerea on osmotically adjusted agar was inhibited at osmotic potentials associated with near-ripe berries. Vine sheltering

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44

LUCAS, J. A. "Advances in plant disease and pest management." Journal of Agricultural Science 149, S1 (December 22, 2010): 91–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859610000997.

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Abstract (sommario):

SUMMARYPests and diseases impact on crop yield and quality, and also reduce resource-use efficiency. Improved crop protection strategies to prevent such damage and loss can increase production and make a substantial contribution to food security. DNA-based technologies are likely to greatly increase the speed, sensitivity and accuracy of pest and pathogen detection and diagnosis. Rapid sequencing of nucleic acids from infected plants will aid identification of novel disease agents. Biomarkers of disease or crop damage such as volatile chemicals or blends may also be used to detect pest outbrea

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45

Sparks, Darrell. "Adaptability of Pecan as a Species." HortScience 40, no. 5 (August 2005): 1175–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.5.1175.

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Abstract (sommario):

Pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) C. Koch] is indigenous to the Mississippi River drainage system of the United States. Climate in the native pecan region ranges from humid to semiarid and from mild to harsh winters. Rainfall is bimodal with peaks in March to April and in August to September. Pecan is site specific and is the climax tree species on loamy, well drained, first bottom river land with a relatively high water table. Detrimental effects from pecan's shade intolerance from its more vigorous, sympatric species are minimized as these species are specific to differ sites. Pecan's de

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Przetakiewicz, J. "First Report of New Pathotype 39(P1) of Synchytrium endobioticum Causing Potato Wart Disease in Poland." Plant Disease 99, no. 2 (February 2015): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-06-14-0636-pdn.

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Abstract (sommario):

Potato wart disease, caused by Synchytrium endobioticum (Schilb.) Perc., is one of the most dangerous diseases of cultivated potato. S. endobioticum is an obligate soil-borne fungus. The pathogen originated in the Andean zones of South America, from which it spread to North America and Europe at the end of the nineteenth century. The typical symptoms of cauliflower-like galls can develop on all meristematic tissues of potato except roots. The pathogen is on the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) A2 list of quarantine pests. Since the discovery of pathotype 2(G1) in

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Harveson, R. M., and M. D. Bolton. "First Evidence of a Binucleate Rhizoctonia as the Causal Agent of Dry Rot Canker of Sugar Beet in Nebraska." Plant Disease 97, no. 11 (November 2013): 1508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-04-13-0375-pdn.

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Abstract (sommario):

Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is the primary source of domestic sucrose in the United States. In 2011, a sugar beet field in Morrill County, NE, was noted with wilting and yellowing symptoms suggestive of Rhizoctonia root and crown rot (RRCR), an important disease of sugar beet primarily caused by Rhizoctonia solani anastomosis group 2-2 (4). While the foliar symptoms were consistent with RRCR, the symptoms on the root were not. Root symptoms consisted of localized, dry, sunken lesions covering brown spongy tissue penetrating deeply into taproots. The surface tissues of the cankers distinctive

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48

Rante, C. S., D. T. Sembel, E. R. M. Meray, M. M. Ratulangi, M. F. Dien, and D. S. Kandowangko. "PENGGUNAAN INSEKTISIDA BOTANIS UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN HAMA PADA TANAMAN TOMAT." EUGENIA 19, no. 2 (August 2, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.35791/eug.19.2.2013.7374.

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Abstract (sommario):

ABSTRACT The experiment was conducted in the village of Touure, Tompaso District, Minahasa regency since April to August 2013. Designed studies using randomized block design with 3 treatments, namely fruit extract Bitung (treatment A), tuba root extract (treatment B) and water (control treatment), each treatment was repeated 3 times. Results showed that that the extract of Barringtonia asiatica and Derris elliptica has a botanical insecticide to control the properties of N. tenuis. Applications B. asiatica extract and D. elliptica were not significantly different, but both are significantly di

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49

Fronza, Diniz, Jonas Janner Hamann, Vanderlei Both, Rogério de Oliveira Anese, and Evandro Alcir Meyer. "Pecan cultivation: general aspects." Ciência Rural 48, no. 2 (February 1, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20170179.

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Abstract (sommario):

ABSTRACT: Given the increasing investment in the pecan production in southern Brazil, it becomes necessary researches, assisting in solve problems and proposition of technical and methodology to enhance this production chain. Thus, the present review aimed to survey the existing information about the culture, both on the world and the Brazilian scene. Issues related to botany, climate and soil requirements, alignment and planting density, cultivars, pests and diseases, among other technical aspects of this culture will be addressed. Pecan nut presents nutraceutical properties that are benefici

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50

ALFRED MAROYI. "A REVIEW OF BOTANY, THERAPEUTIC VALUE, PHYTOCHEMISTRY, AND PHARMACOLOGY OF CUSSONIA PANICULATA." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, July 4, 2019, 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i9.34434.

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Abstract (sommario):

Cussonia paniculata is a small tree widely used as herbal medicine throughout its distributional range in southern Africa. This study is aimed at providing a critical review of the botany, biological activities, phytochemistry, and medicinal uses of C. paniculata. Documented information on the botany, biological activities, medicinal uses, and phytochemistry of C. paniculata was collected from several online sources which included BMC, Scopus, SciFinder, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Elsevier, PubMed, and Web of Science. Additional information on the botany, biological activities, phytochemi

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