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Tesi sul tema "Satiety"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 25 luglio 2025

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1

Peacock, Amanda Nicola. "Satiety signalling in obese children and adolescents." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/22868/.

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Background: Studies in adults have shown physiological protection of a 'set-point' for weight, explaining why obese adults who diet eventually regain weight. Objective: We hypothesised that set-points for weight, and their physiological defence, are flexible in childhood but become fixed around puberty. We aimed to show that obese children who lost weight had less 'reflex' changes in satiety hormone profiles (that would drive weight regain), compared with adolescents who had experienced a similar degree of weight change. Method: Prospective cohort study. 41 subjects; 21 obese pre-pubertal chil

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2

Willbond, Stephanie. "The pre meal priming of gastrointestinal satiety factors." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28038.

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Background. Although experimental studies on meal frequency are few, results show that increasing the number of daily meals leads to decreased energy intake (EI). No studies have yet looked at the type of meal patterning that would maximize this reduction. Objective. The purpose of this study was to determine if structured preloads affects EI, appetite, and Peptide YY (PYY) and Glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) concentrations in normal weight men. Design. Eight normal weight men (25.3 +/- 2.6 kg/m 2) participated in a randomized crossover trial. In condition 1 the subjects were able to self sele

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3

Blackmore, Megan Elaine. "The Influences of Breakfast Cereal Composition on Satiety." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2008. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/BlackmoreME2008.pdf.

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4

West, Jenelle T. "Hunger and Satiety in Recovering Eating Disorder Patients." DigitalCommons@USU, 2005. http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/5514.

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Desire to eat, hunger, feeling of having enough to eat, and fullness were measured in 11 eating disorder patients in treatment for less than two months, 7 eating disorder patients in treatment for more than two months, and 11 controls. The experimental group was female patients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, or eating disorder not-otherwise-specified. The experimental and control groups ate a test meal two hours after a preload. The groups answered four questions about desire to eat, hunger, feeling of having enough to eat, and fullness, before they ate, halfway

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5

Mendes, Nuno Eduardo dos Anjos Serra. "Evaluation of different natural ingredients as satiety inductors." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/8056.

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Dissertation to obtain a Master’s Degree in Chemical and Biochemical Engineering<br>Using natural ingredients to combat obesity has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional therapies which present many side effects. Satiety induction by the ingestion of certain natural compounds has been proven to be an interesting strategy. In this context, the present study had the following objectives: - Isolation of rucola, watercress and spinach, plum and tomato waste and cladodes of Opuntia ficus-indica extracts, rich in compounds with the potential to induce a prolonged feeling of satiety -

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6

Park, Ji S. "CYCLIC GMP: A SATIETY SIGNAL IN C. ELEGANS." VCU Scholars Compass, 2015. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3851.

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Appetite control and satiety mechanisms help animals maintain energy homeostasis; however, these mechanisms can be misregulated, leading to overweight and obesity. Caenorhabditis elegans is an excellent model system to study appetite and satiety because of its conserved behavioral aspects of satiety and conserved molecular mechanisms. ASI senses nutrition and its activity is required for the behavioral state of satiety quiescence. The purpose of this thesis project was to elucidate the function of cGMP signaling in ASI by looking at behavioral effects from the pharmacological use of sildenafil

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7

Gendron, Christopher Joseph. "The Effect of Cranberry Juice on Glycemia and Satiety." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2011. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/GendronC2011.pdf.

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8

Meyer, Danielle Susan. "Influence of Potato Type on Satiety and Related Responses." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2008. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/MeyerDS2008.pdf.

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9

Michaels, Beth. "The effect of protein source on satiety in rats /." Available to subscribers only, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1203548351&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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10

Yiin, Yeh-Min 1975. "Acquisition of odor-cued fasting-anticipatory satiety in rats." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=29489.

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Abstract (sommario):

Animals can associate orosensory characteristics from food with postingestive effects and adjust meal size to prevent energy deficit. By using odor-fasting duration conditioning, two studies were conducted to test the above hypothesis. In the first study, thirteen male and eleven female adult Wistar rats were given 1.5 hours to ingest a casein-based test-meal odorized by either vanilla or chicken flavor prior to a 4-hour short-fast or a 12-hour long-fast. Rats went through the training phase with a pseudo-random sequence of six duplicates of each odor-fasting pairing over four experimental day

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11

Logan, Amanda Lynn. "Satiety induced by neuropeptide FF and gastrin in birds." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/83786.

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Mammalian and avian species differ in some appetite-related aspects including how and which neurotransmitters and hormones regulate appetite. The objective of this research was to determine how two satiety-inducing neuropeptides regulate feeding behavior in avian models. Neuropeptide FF (NPFF) was intracerebroventricularly (ICV) injected into Japanese quail and decreased food intake at a dose of 32 nmol. NPFF-injected quail had increased expression levels of hypothalamic melanocortin subtype 3 receptor and decreased expression levels of neuropeptide Y receptor subtype 1 mRNAs compared to vehic

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12

Kong, Kai Ling. "Effects of kefirs on glycemic, insulinemic and satiety responses." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2009.

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13

Magrane, Elijah James. "The Effects of Blueberry Consumption on Satiety and Glycemic Control." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2009. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/MagraneEJ2009.pdf.

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14

Dibsdall, Louise Anne. "Physiological and sensory influences on food intake in learnt satiety." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364518.

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This Thesis examined the contributions of gastrointestinal and/or sensory influences to the control of food intake in everyday life. The postingestional effects at first exposure to an unfamiliar variant of a familiar food were measured by correcting the observed satiating effects with what the eater expected them to be. Physical forms of fat or chemical compositions of carbohydrate in familiar foods differed in the timing of these postingestional satiating effects. Cream, which is hypothesised to empty rapidly from the stomach into the intestine, satiated rapidly but transiently. Conversely,

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15

Welcher, Robin M. "Pre-meal beverage consumption affects hunger, satiety and energy intake." Online version, 2009. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2009/2009welcherr.pdf.

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16

Luca, Marciani Laurea. "EPA of gastric function : the effects of physical factors in food." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368241.

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17

Hollis, James H. "A study of food intake and nutrition in the elderly." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.275923.

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18

Rathod, Yakshkumar Dilipbhai. "The feeding pattern of C57BL/6J mice." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright15988948196526.

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19

Trigazis, Leonidas. "Involvement of cholecystokinin¦A receptors in protein-induced satiety in rats." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ27743.pdf.

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20

Clarke, Sharon N. D. A. "The impact of ovarian hormones and cholecystokinin on palatability and satiety." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq28482.pdf.

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21

Wong, Ka-hei, and 黃家禧. "Novel function of spexin as a satiety factor in feeding control." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/207994.

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Abstract (sommario):

Spexin (SPX), also called neuropeptide Q (NPQ), is a novel neuropeptide discovered recently using the bioinformatic approach. Except for mammals, SPX has not been reported in lower vertebrates including fish and amphibians. Following its discovery, the biological functions of this peptide in both higher and lower vertebrates are still largely unknown. To examine the structure and functions of SPX in fish model, molecular cloning of goldfish SPX has been performed and found to be highly comparable to its mammalian counterparts. In goldfish, broad expression of SPX transcripts has been found

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22

Irvine, Michael. "Expected satiation and expected satiety : an exploration of their correlates and causes." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.535171.

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23

Alonso, Benito de Celis. "An EPI and fMRI assessment of the effect of viscosity on satiety." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.423276.

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24

Gadah, Nouf Saleh. "Liquid calories : an investigation of the satiety effects of sugar-sweetened beverages." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.680129.

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Abstract (sommario):

There is currently much debate about the role of added sugar in our diet in relation to weight gain and obesity. In particular, sugar-sweetened beverages are thought to be articularly problematic, with some claims that ' liquid calories' are not sensed by the petite control system. Research findings spanning over 3 decades have shown that this not the case - these studies have used a procedure in which participants consume a drink containing sugar, or a control drink (water, or a drink sweetened with a low-energy sweetener), and subsequently eat a meal in which their food intake is measured co

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25

Gallagher, Thomas. "REGULATION OF SATIETY QUIESCENCE: CYCLIC GMP, TGF BETA, AND THE ASI NEURON." VCU Scholars Compass, 2013. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3254.

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The worm Caenorhabditis elegans is a well-studied model organism in numerous aspects of its biology. This small free living nematode has less than 1,000 cells, but shows clear conservation in both signaling and behavior to mammals in aspects of appetite control. This is of importance to humans, where failure of appetite control is a major factor in the unprecedented obesity epidemic that we see today. In general, worm behavior reflects its internal nutritional state and the availability and quality of food. Specifically, worms show a behavioral state that mimics aspects of the mammalian beha

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26

Gallagher, Thomas L. "Regulation of satiety quiescence| Cyclic GMP, TGF beta, and the ASI neuron." Thesis, Virginia Commonwealth University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3610909.

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<p> The worm <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> is a well-studied model organism in numerous aspects of its biology. This small free living nematode has less than 1,000 cells, but shows clear conservation in both signaling and behavior to mammals in aspects of appetite control. This is of importance to humans, where failure of appetite control is a major factor in the unprecedented obesity epidemic that we see today. </p><p> In general, worm behavior reflects its internal nutritional state and the availability and quality of food. Specifically, worms show a behavioral state that mimics aspects

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27

Lee, Ya Ping. "Effects of lupin kernel flour on satiety and features of the metabolic syndrome." University of Western Australia. School of Medicine and Pharmacology, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0053.

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[Truncated abstract] Obesity is now a major public health problem worldwide. More than half the Australian population is now overweight. This is an important public health concern primarily because of the impact of overweight and obesity on risk of diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Many strategies have been proposed to fight the obesity epidemic. One possible strategy involves understanding of the role of dietary components in the control of food intake. In this regard, dietary protein and fibre appear to be the most satiating nutrients. Foods enriched in protein, replacing en

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28

Brown, Christine Lorraine. "The effects of processing of oat grain cereals on glycemic response and satiety." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0009/MQ40823.pdf.

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29

Woodend, Dianne. "The effect of sucrose and safflower oil preloads on satiety, mood and memory." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0021/MQ49777.pdf.

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30

Hall, Wendy Louise. "Investigation of the physiological mechanisms modulating amino acid-induced satiety in human beings." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2001. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/804419/.

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31

McCrickerd, Keri. "Optimising beverages for satiety : the role of sensory characteristics, expectations and nutrient content." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/51674/.

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Regularly consuming caloric beverages has been linked to obesity and weight gain and evidence suggests this is because beverages have a weak impact on satiety responses (behavioural and physiological). Using a series of experimental studies this thesis explored the cognitive and sensory features of caloric beverages that might enhance the anticipated and actual satiating power of their nutrients. Paper one characterised the sensory characteristics associated with expectations of hunger, fullness and thirst, finding that food and beverage products anticipated to be creamier and thicker were exp

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32

Forester, Shavawn Marie. "The Implications of Eating or Skipping Breakfast| Physiology, Behavior, and the Satiety Hormone Response." Thesis, University of California, Davis, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3565390.

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<p> Population based descriptive studies, clinical trials, and evidence analysis of the literature have identified regular breakfast consumption as opposed to breakfast omission, as a habit independently associated with a more healthy weight. Recent studies have identified differences in insulin sensitivity and satiety hormones between breakfast eating and skipping groups, which help to explain the association between breakfast consumption and weight regulation. Evaluation of fasting insulin sensitivity, behavior, and the postprandial satiety response between breakfast groups were used to furt

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33

Hill, A. J. "Investigation of some short-term influences on hunger, satiety and food consumption in man." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376512.

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34

Ballinger, Anne Barbara. "Secretion of cholecystokinin and its physiological role in the control of satiety in humans." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265116.

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35

Hovard, Peter. "The role of cognitive, sensory and nutrient interactions in satiation and satiety : considering consumers." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2016. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/63963/.

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Previous research from the Sussex Ingestive Behaviour Group suggests that satiety beliefs generated by product information and satiety-relevant sensory characteristics (thick consistency and creamy flavours) can enhance the satiety response to covertly added energy in beverages. However these characteristics in low-energy beverages can generate rebound hunger effects. This thesis explored whether this enhanced-satiety concept can be translated to real consumers. Study 1 examined the extent of energy reduction that could be tolerated without rebound hunger effects. The original enhanced satiety

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36

Bradbeer, Jennifer. "Self-structuring foods based on acid-sensitive gellan gum systems to impact on satiety." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5169/.

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A novel approach that may impact on satiety, whilst meeting the demands of consumers, is the use of hydrocolloids that respond to the environment (acidic) conditions inside the human stomach by self-structuring. This thesis seeks to investigate the in vitro acid-induced gelation (“structuring”) of the mixed biopolymer systems; low-acyl and high-acyl gellan gum, and low-acyl gellan fluid gels. To explore this concept, a variety of acid structures were obtained, which were characterised by texture analysis, rheology and dynamic scanning calorimetry. The gel structures were found to rely on the p

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37

Huprich, Madeline R. "Association of Post Intervention Fullness Factor and Dietary Intake, Blood Pressure, and BMI among Hypertensive Adolescents on a DASH Dietary Intervention." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1626357048879824.

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38

Oldham-Cooper, Rose Elizabeth. "Judging the expected satiation and satiety of commonly consumed foods : heuristics, biases and individual differences." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.619270.

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Abstract (sommario):

Expectations about a food's capacity to provide immediate fullness (expected satiation; ESa) and relief from hunger (expected satiety; ES) are important determinants of self-selected portion size and hunger and fullness after eating. These expectations appear to reflect learning about the food's post-ingestive consequences. Physical size plays a role in these expectations, but is not the sole determinant. Previous studies showed that ESa judgements become more similar to volume judgements under certain conditions. This was interpreted as a reliance on volume as a 'shortcut' to ESa. In this the

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39

Ranawana, Viren. "The influence of the physical state and habitual mastication on the glycaemic response and satiety." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2011. http://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/items/a7cb3c39-895b-eb36-93b7-9895f9a0cad4/1.

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The escalating levels of obesity highlight the need to better understand the mechanisms underlying energy intake and energy regulation. The blood glucose response (GR) has been shown to significantly influence short term food intake and therefore energy balance. Regulating the GR is also important in diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance; conditions which are also closely linked with obesity. Poor glycaemic control has moreover been shown to increase risks of other chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). Factors affecting the GR will therefore impact both on energy regulation

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40

Orloski, Alexandria. "Effects of Monosodium Glutamate on Objective and Perceived Satiety Among 7- to 9- Year Old Children." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2015. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/342581.

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Public Health<br>M.S.<br>Background: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) imparts umami taste associated with proteins and is known to act as a flavor-enhancer. Several adult studies and a recent study of infants suggests that MSG may also have beneficial effects on appetite by promoting satiety. This research is the first to assess effects of MSG on perceived and objective satiety among children. Methods: A between-subjects design (MSG+ or MSG-) was used to evaluate the effect of adding MSG to a soup pre-load on subsequent satiety among children aged 7-9 years. Children were randomly assigned to experi

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41

Borine, Meredith I. "Parenting Style Influences on Appetite Regulation in African American Children and the Effect of the FTO Gene." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2012. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/176039.

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Epidemiology<br>M.S.<br>Purpose: Indulgent parent feeding-styles have been associated with higher child body mass index (BMI); more direct influences on children's eating are not well characterized. This study examined whether African American (AA) children exhibited poorer appetite regulation when mothers had an indulgent feeding style relative to other feeding styles. This study also examined whether the FTO gene influenced the relationship between feeding style and appetite regulation. Methods: An observational design was used to evaluate the association of maternal feeding styles with chil

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42

Hand, K. V. "Studies investigating in vitro nutrient stimulated secretion of gut satiety signals and potential mechanisms of release." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.546355.

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43

Brown, Nigel William. "An investigation into the control of satiety and body weight in subjects recovering from anorexia nervosa." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300443.

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44

Atton, Eleanor Rachael. "Mechanisms underlying consumption-related pleasantness reduction in a snack context : sensory-specific satiety and alliesthesia revisited." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.421727.

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Two explanations exist in the literature for consumption-related pleasantness reduction: sensory-specific satiety and alliesthesia. Sensory-specific satiety describes the phenomenon that the sensory characteristics of an eaten food decline in pleasantness, whilst alliesthesia predicts that pleasantness depends on internal need. Experiment 1 investigated the contribution of both phenomena to consumption-related pleasantness reduction in a snack context. This was important since the presence of negative alliesthesia was questionable and recovery from sensory-specific satiety remained to be explo

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45

Burns, Brooke. "Obesity, Adiposity, and Satiety in mouse models of Smith-Magenis Syndrome and dup(17)(p11.2) Syndrome." VCU Scholars Compass, 2009. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1802.

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Smith-Magenis syndrome (SMS) is a complex disorder caused by haploinsufficiency of RAI1 and characterized by sleep disturbances, behavioral abnormalities, mental retardation, and obesity in teens and adults. Rai1+/- mice are obese after 20 weeks. Dup(17)(p11.2) syndrome is a complex disorder associated with overexpression of RAI1. A transgenic mouse model of dup(17)(p11.2) syndrome overexpresses Rai1 and results in a mouse that is growth delayed. In order to characterize the obese phenotypes of mouse models of SMS and the role of RAI1 in obesity, daily food intake and serum levels of insul

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46

Hannon-Engel, Sandy. "Role of Altered CCK Response in Bulimia Nervosa." Thesis, Boston College, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/2648.

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Thesis advisor: Barbara E. Wolfe<br>The core defining features of bulimia nervosa (BN) are repeated binge eating episodes and compensatory purging behavior. The biobehavioral aspects of binge eating are complex and not fully understood. One area of recent interest is the role of the satiety-signaling peptide cholecystokinin (CCK). Previous research observed a blunted postprandial plasma CCK response in those with BN, therefore suggesting this may be a cause, consequence, or maintenance factor in binge eating. It is unknown whether this altered response is due to a state versus trait phenomenon

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47

Daly, Patricia. "Obese Adolescent Females and Actual Behavioral Responses to a Mindful Eating Intervention." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/311457.

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Background: Adolescent obesity has tripled over the last three decades and is associated with an 80 percent risk of adult obesity, hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and decreased life expectancy. Current adolescent obesity medical recommendations include bariatric surgery and appetite suppressants which lower BMI, but present serious health risks. Nutrition and exercise interventions promote health, however, meta-analysis reveal do not lower BMI. Mindful eating, a behavioral skill, reconnecting eating to satiety cues, and has potential as an anti-obesity intervention which lower

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48

White, Jennifer. "Training in acquisition of texture-cured fasting-anticipatory satiety in rats using high- or low-fat diets." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0006/MQ44110.pdf.

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49

White, Jennifer. "Training in acquisition of texture-cued fasting-anticipatory satiety in rats using high- or low-fat diets." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20551.

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Abstract (sommario):

Anticipatory satiety is the ability to reduce meal size when the diet at that meal is consistently followed by a short time interval to the next access to food. This prediction of intake is learnt, i.e. based on the association of a food's sensory characteristics with some consequence(s) of ingesting it.<br>Two pilot studies were conducted using male Sprague-Dawley rats in which (1) the ability of food texture to cue fasting duration was indicated by evidence of anticipatory satiety in the low-fat powder-long/paste-short group and in the high-fat paste-long/powder-short group and (2) the patte

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Snarr, Chandra. "Protein balance, metabolic and satiety responses to leucine- rich versus isonitrogenous meal in healthy post-menopausal woman." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=106495.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Despite higher protein relative to energy needs with advancing age, many older adults experience a decline of appetite. Thus, a strategy to optimize protein retention is essential. Leucine is a branched-chain amino acid with anabolic effects via stimulation of protein synthesis and insulin secretion. Studies of postprandial response to leucine supplementation are limited, and no study exists in exclusively older women. We assessed protein balance, metabolic and satiety responses to a leucine-rich versus isonitrogenous mixed meal in nine healthy postmenopausal women by double-blinded, randomize

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