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1

Aldridge, David F., and Douglas W. Oldenburg. "Refractor imaging using an automated wavefront reconstruction method." GEOPHYSICS 57, no. 3 (March 1992): 378–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1443252.

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Abstract (sommario):
The classical wavefront method for interpreting seismic refraction arrival times is implemented on a digital computer. Modern finite‐difference propagation algorithms are used to downward continue recorded refraction arrival times through a near‐surface heterogeneous velocity structure. Two such subsurface traveltime fields need to be reconstructed from the arrivals observed on a forward and reverse geophone spread. The locus of a shallow refracting horizon is then defined by a simple imaging condition involving the reciprocal time (the traveltime between source positions at either end of the
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2

Alsamarraie, Mundher. "SEISMIC REFRACTION METHOD IN THE DETERMINATION OF SITE CHARACTERISTICS." Iraqi Geological Journal 53, no. 2D (October 31, 2020): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.46717/igj.53.2d.4ms-2020-10-26.

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Abstract (sommario):
Preliminary site properties need geophysical methods to determine it, the same as the large use of the seismic refraction method to detect the layers of soil and the depth reaching the bedrock. This study was conducted to find out the subsurface profile characteristics of a backyard field in UTM, Skudai following the principles of this method. The analysis of seismic data processed using ZondST2D software by determining the first arrival time until we get a block model of 2D shape based on the primary propagation of seismic velocity wave’s in soil layers. It was found that the investigated sub
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3

Salim, Ashadi. "Analisis Data Seismik Refraksi dengan Metode Generalized-Reciprocal." ComTech: Computer, Mathematics and Engineering Applications 3, no. 1 (June 1, 2012): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/comtech.v3i1.2397.

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The analysis of seismic refraction data by the generalized reciprocal method can be used for delineating undulating refractors. The forward and reverse times of arrival at different geophones with XY distance along a refraction profile, are used for calculating time depth. The seismic wave velocity in refractor may be obtained from velocity analysis function, and the depth of refractor under each geophone is obtained from time-depths function. This method has been applied at one line of seismic refraction measurement that was 440 m long with 45 geophone positions. The measurement obtained 20 m
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4

Herlambang, N., and A. Riyanto. "Determination of bedrock depth in Universitas Indonesia using the seismic refraction method." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 846, no. 1 (September 1, 2021): 012016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/846/1/012016.

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Abstract The seismic refraction method is used to determine the exact bedrock depth for placing a foundation pole. The study was conducted in Universitas Indonesia precisely at the Fasilkom Universitas Indonesia complex. The seismic survey configuration consists of 24 geophone channels with a length of 67.5 m, geophone intervals of 2.5 m, and near offset of 10 m. The wave source was generated using a hammer, and the distance between blows was 5 m. The secondary data used was geological data from SPT (Soil Penetration Test) borehole as a reference for comparison of seismic survey results. Seism
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5

Herlambang, N., and A. Riyanto. "Determination of bedrock depth in Universitas Indonesia using the seismic refraction method." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 846, no. 1 (September 1, 2021): 012016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/846/1/012016.

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Abstract (sommario):
Abstract The seismic refraction method is used to determine the exact bedrock depth for placing a foundation pole. The study was conducted in Universitas Indonesia precisely at the Fasilkom Universitas Indonesia complex. The seismic survey configuration consists of 24 geophone channels with a length of 67.5 m, geophone intervals of 2.5 m, and near offset of 10 m. The wave source was generated using a hammer, and the distance between blows was 5 m. The secondary data used was geological data from SPT (Soil Penetration Test) borehole as a reference for comparison of seismic survey results. Seism
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6

Shen, Yang, and Jie Zhang. "Refraction wavefield migration." GEOPHYSICS 85, no. 6 (October 22, 2020): Q27—Q37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2020-0141.1.

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Refraction methods are often applied to model and image near-surface velocity structures. However, near-surface imaging is very challenging, and no single method can resolve all of the land seismic problems across the world. In addition, deep interfaces are difficult to image from land reflection data due to the associated low signal-to-noise ratio. Following previous research, we have developed a refraction wavefield migration method for imaging shallow and deep interfaces via interferometry. Our method includes two steps: converting refractions into virtual reflection gathers and then applyi
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7

Aka, Mfoniso U., Okechukwu E. Agbasi, Johnson C. Ibuot, and Mboutidem D. Dick. "ASSESSING THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF STRUCTURAL COLLAPSE USING SEISMIC REFRACTION METHOD." Earth Science Malaysia 4, no. 2 (September 10, 2020): 140–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/esmy.02.2020.140.145.

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Seismic refractive survey is a very important geophysical technique used to investigate the characteristics of the subsurface. The rate of building collapse has demanded the acquaintance about the structure of the subsurface especially in area where lands are recovered from water bodies for the aim of building. This paper presents the technique used in determining the thickness of the overburden for quarry prospecting using a geophysical method called as seismic refraction method. Seismic refraction method was used to delineated two distinct layers with the first layer having a weak and incomp
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8

Mikesell, T. Dylan, Kasper van Wijk, Elmer Ruigrok, Andrew Lamb, and Thomas E. Blum. "A modified delay-time method for statics estimation with the virtual refraction." GEOPHYSICS 77, no. 6 (November 1, 2012): A29—A33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2012-0111.1.

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Topography and near-surface heterogeneities lead to traveltime perturbations in surface land-seismic experiments. Usually, these perturbations are estimated and removed prior to further processing of the data. A common technique to estimate these perturbations is the delay-time method. We have developed the “modified delay-time method,” wherein we isolate the arrival times of the virtual refraction and estimate receiver-side delay times. The virtual refraction is a spurious arrival found in wavefields estimated by seismic interferometry. The new method removes the source term from the delay-ti
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9

Lankston, Robert W., and Marian M. Lankston. "Obtaining multilayer reciprocal times through phantoming." GEOPHYSICS 51, no. 1 (January 1986): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1442038.

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Abstract (sommario):
A critical parameter in interpreting seismic refraction data with the generalized reciprocal method (GRM) is the reciprocal time, which must be available for each layer from which refracted rays return to the surface. The reciprocal time can be measured in the field, but this requires special equipment or procedures. Shooting to obtain the reciprocal time from each layer along a long seismic line may be operationally impractical. However, the method of phantoming arrivals overcame the problems. In phantoming, a reciprocal time is actually measured along any length of the seismic refraction lin
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10

Palmer, Derecke. "The measurement of weak anisotropy with the generalized reciprocal method." GEOPHYSICS 65, no. 5 (September 2000): 1583–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444846.

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Anisotropy parameters can be determined from seismic refraction data using the generalized reciprocal method (GRM) for a layer in which the velocity can be described with the Crampin approximation for transverse isotropy. The parameters are the standard anisotropy factor, which is the horizontal velocity divided by the vertical velocity, and a second poorly determined parameter which, for weak anisotropy, is approximated by a linear relationship with the anisotropy factor. Although only one anisotropy parameter is effectively determined, the second parameter is essential to ensure that the ani
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11

Tungka, Marie. "Determining subsurface geology with seismic refraction tomography survey." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1003, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1003/1/012037.

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Abstract Seismic refraction tomography survey is one of the geophysical techniques that is the most popular and commonly used to determine subsurface geology in engineering application. It is fast, reliable, cheaper and cover bigger area in shorter time compared with borehole drilling and other geophysical techniques in providing continuous information on subsurface geology along the lengths of the seismic survey lines. However, the success of seismic refraction tomography survey depends on a few factors such as noise background, top soil features, geology of the site, limitation of the equipm
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12

Su, Yizhe, Deli Wang, Bin Hu, Xiangbo Gong, and Junming Zhang. "Supervirtual Refraction Interferometry in the Radon Domain." Remote Sensing 15, no. 2 (January 8, 2023): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15020384.

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Accurate picking of seismic first arrivals is very important for first arrival travel time tomography, but the first arrivals appearing at far offsets are often more difficult to pick accurately due to the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The conventional supervirtual refraction interferometry (SVI) method can improve the SNR of first arrivals to a certain extent; however, it is not suitable for seismic data that interfered by strong noise. In order to better process the first arrivals at far offsets with serious noise interference, we propose a modified method, in which SVI implemented in the
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13

Mikesell, Dylan, and Kasper van Wijk. "Seismic refraction interferometry with a semblance analysis on the crosscorrelation gather." GEOPHYSICS 76, no. 5 (September 2011): SA77—SA82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2011-0079.1.

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Crosscorrelating wavefields recorded at two receivers to produce data as if one receiver was a source is commonly referred to as seismic interferometry, or the virtual source method. An artifact in seismic interferometry related to critically refracted waves allowed us to estimate the velocity in the refracting layer. In addition, we devised a new semblance analysis on the crosscorrelation of reflection and refraction energy to robustly estimate the depth and velocity of the slow layer, tested with a numerical example and field data from the Boise Hydrogeophysical Research Site.
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14

Mitchell, James F., and Richard J. Bolander. "Structural interpretation using refraction velocities from marine seismic surveys." GEOPHYSICS 51, no. 1 (January 1986): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1442026.

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Subsurface structure can be mapped using refraction information from marine multichannel seismic data. The method uses velocities and thicknesses of shallow sedimentary rock layers computed from refraction first arrivals recorded along the streamer. A two‐step exploration scheme is described which can be set up on a personal computer and used routinely in any office. It is straightforward and requires only a basic understanding of refraction principles. Two case histories from offshore Peru exploration demonstrate the scheme. The basic scheme is: step (1) shallow sedimentary rock velocities ar
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15

Leung, Tak Ming. "Controls of traveltime data and problems of the generalized reciprocal method." GEOPHYSICS 68, no. 5 (September 2003): 1626–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1620636.

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Traveltime data required for 2D seismic refraction surveys are 2D first arrivals. To obtain a high degree of consistency between traveltime data and the seismic model, it is important to verify that traveltime data are appropriate for interpretation or an inversion process. Controls or checkpoints presented here inspect compatibility among traveltime data. Similar to the ray‐trace check on the consistency of interpretation, these controls provide an objective means of quality assessment of seismic refraction data. The theoretical aspects of the generalized reciprocal method (GRM) are studied b
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16

Popescu, Laurențiu-Ștefan, and Adrian Ceptureanu. "Geophysical Analyses on the Geomechanical Characteristics of the Soil for Choices of the Drilling Rig, in the Area of Târgu Ocna, Bacău County, Romania." Mining Revue 28, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/minrv-2022-0020.

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Abstract As part of the company Geoscan Service S.R.L., I was contacted to investigate the possibility of using resistivity, refraction seismic data and MASW seismic to identify the stratification up to 15m deep so that the client could choose the type of drilling rig for installing the conductor in order to drill two water injection wells. The main problem in the choice of geophysical methods was the lack of detailed geological data for calibrating the obtained results, as the presence of groundwater, the thicknesses of the deluvial layer and the bedrock. The choice of geophysical methods and
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17

Hatherly, P. J., and M. J. Neville. "Experience with the generalized reciprocal method of seismic refraction interpretation for shallow engineering site investigation." GEOPHYSICS 51, no. 2 (February 1986): 255–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1442085.

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The shallow seismic refraction method has been used routinely during the initial investigation at many dam sites in New South Wales. By using computer processing techniques and advanced interpretational features of the generalized reciprocal method, it has been possible to derive a picture of the subsurface layering from the refraction results even in geologically complex environments. Close cooperation between the geophysicist and geologist is necessary to ensure proper use of the seismic results. The results may be used to guide subsequent drilling programs and to aid design and construction
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18

Fadhli*, Zul, Sabrian Tri Anda, Muhammad Syukri, Moehammad Ediyan Raza Karmel, Alfi Sunny Tutifla, Purwandy Hasibuan, and Rini Safitri. "Ground Surface Quality Assessment Using P-wave Velocity from 2-D Seismic Refraction Method." Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology 11, no. 3 (December 31, 2022): 258–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.13170/aijst.11.3.28818.

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A good strength level of the ground surface is the main concern in an area with rapid housing infrastructure development, such as Baitussalam district-Aceh Besar, Indonesia. A seismic refraction method was applied with three similar profile lines using PASI 16S – 24P equipment and 10 Hz vertical geophones to identify the sub-surface layer. The result was processed using Winsism software and Surfer 8. The results of seismic refraction were deduced and correlated with conventional geotechnical investigation obtained by a previous study. The results of 3 survey lines show that the area has two ma
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19

Rolph, Tim C., John Shaw, Edward Derbyshire, and An Zhisheng. "Determining Paleosol Topography Using Seismic Refraction." Quaternary Research 42, no. 3 (November 1994): 350–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/qres.1994.1085.

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AbstractThe seismic refraction reversed profiling technique has been used to investigate the topography of the last interglacial soil (paleosol S1) within the central Chinese Loess Plateau near Xifeng. The results suggest an essentially flat-lying soil at a depth which varies by only a few meters over an area of more than 10 km2. In addition, the results indicate a high-velocity layer at 50-60 m depth which is thought to coincide with a layer of carbonate concretions at the base of paleosol S5. The results agree well with the local loess-paleosol stratigraphy for this area and indicate that th
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20

de Franco, Roberto, Grazia Caielli, Alberto Villa, Federico Agliardi, and Francesco Franchino. "Ground-penetrating radar refraction imaging with stacked refraction convolution section method." GEOPHYSICS 81, no. 5 (September 2016): H33—H45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2015-0475.1.

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We have evaluated a technique initially developed for the seismic refraction imaging, the stacked refraction convolution section (SRCS), which we have properly adapted to process ground-penetrating radar (GPR) refraction data. Through a mute operation, the subsurface refracting signals, recorded by the receiver from two reciprocal sources, are selected. Following that, a velocity analysis by means of the crosscorrelation of the refracted signals and the convolution of resulting traces is performed. The refraction image in intercept times is successively derived from three main steps, namely: (
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21

Andika, P. P., A. Tohari, T. Yudistira, E. Soebowo, and J. Arifin. "Understanding of flow liquefaction in Lolu Village based on seismic refraction tomography method." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1173, no. 1 (May 1, 2023): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1173/1/012029.

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Abstract A big earthquake may induce flow liquefaction phenomena in lowland areas made up of sedimentary deposits. To understand the factors controlling such a hazard, it is necessary to have knowledge of the sub-surface geological conditions of the liquified area. This paper presents the results of a series of seismic refraction measurements in Lolu Village where flow liquefaction occurred during the 2018 Palu-Donggala earthquake. The results of seismic refraction tomography indicate the presence of horst-graben structures, probably associated with the localized pull-apart basin. The results
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22

Liu, Chuanhai, and Joann M. Stock. "Quantitative determination of uncertainties in seismic refraction prospecting." GEOPHYSICS 58, no. 4 (April 1993): 553–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1443438.

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We present a model of the propagation of refracted seismic waves in planar (horizontal or dipping) layered structures in which we quantify the errors from various sources. The model, called the (mixed) variance component model, separates the errors originating on the surface from those due to inhomogeneities of subsurface layers. The model starts with the assumption of homogeneous (constant‐velocity) layers, but by taking the principal errors into account, variations from this model (including degree of velocity inhomogeneity, vertical velocity gradients, and gradational interfaces) can be ide
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23

Onwubuariri, Chukwuebuka Nnamdi, Emmanuel Kenechukwu Anakwuba, Chidiebere Charles Agoha, Emmanuel Egwuonwu, Joseph Ugochukwu, Lawson-Jack Osaki, and Tochukwu Innocent Mgbeojedo. "Subsurface Characterization Using Downhole Refraction Survey: A Case Study of the Niger Delta." Engineering and Applied Sciences 9, no. 1 (March 7, 2024): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20240901.11.

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This study addresses the critical role of downhole refraction as a method for assessing subsurface characteristics, particularly in areas facing challenges such as ground roll issues and weak reflection signals during seismic data acquisition. Focused on the Agudama, Kenfa, and Yenegwe settlements in the Niger Delta region, where frequent engineering structure collapses occur, the research aims to understand the depth and velocity of unconsolidated zones through downhole refraction. The study emphasizes the limitations of relying solely on uphole refraction and highlights the necessity of down
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24

Huang, Huaiyong, Carl Spencer, and Alan Green. "A method for the inversion of refraction and reflection travel times for laterally varying velocity structures." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 76, no. 3 (June 1, 1986): 837–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/bssa0760030837.

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Abstract In an attempt to speed up the lengthy process of modeling seismic refraction/wide-angle reflection data, a two-dimensional ray tracing routine is used as the basis for an automated travel-time inversion scheme. Laterally varying P-wave velocity structures are represented by arbitrary-shaped blocks of constant velocity gradient. Velocities, gradients, and boundary points of the blocks are parameters in the inversion scheme, and the input data are refraction and reflection travel-time arrivals from both directions of a reversed seismic line. Damped least-squares techniques are used to s
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25

Colombo, Daniele, Federico Miorelli, Ernesto Sandoval, and Kevin Erickson. "Fully automated near-surface analysis by surface-consistent refraction method." GEOPHYSICS 81, no. 4 (July 2016): U39—U49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2016-0018.1.

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Industry practices for near-surface analysis indicate difficulties in coping with the increased number of channels in seismic acquisition systems, and new approaches are needed to fully exploit the resolution embedded in modern seismic data sets. To achieve this goal, we have developed a novel surface-consistent refraction analysis method for low-relief geology to automatically derive near-surface corrections for seismic data processing. The method uses concepts from surface-consistent analysis applied to refracted arrivals. The key aspects of the method consist of the use of common midpoint (
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26

Kanasewich, E. R., Z. Hajnal, A. G. Green, G. L. Cumming, R. F. Mereu, R. M. Clowes, P. Morel-a-l'Huissier, et al. "Seismic studies of the crust under the Williston Basin." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 24, no. 11 (November 1, 1987): 2160–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e87-205.

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The seismic refraction method was used in 1981 to study the crust under the northern half of the Williston Basin, in Saskatchewan. A new method of spatial seismic recording, based on a triangular arrangement of receivers, was used for the first time to obtain three-dimensional structure and velocity information. The broadside seismic refraction and wide-angle reflection data obtained by the technique were of particular value in defining several faulted blocks. These blocks are also characterized by aeromagnetic anomalies trending in a northerly direction. The crustal thickness in the southern
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Hunter, J. A., and S. E. Pullan. "A vertical array method for shallow seismic refraction surveying of the sea floor." GEOPHYSICS 55, no. 1 (January 1990): 92–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1442775.

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In recent years, specific requirements of offshore geotechnical site investigations, as well as detailed defense research studies, have stimulated research interest in methods for measuring seismic velocities of sea‐floor sediments on the continental shelves. Investigations have used wide‐angie subbottom reflection measurements (McKay and McKay, 1982), bottom‐laid refraction cables (Hunter et al., 1979), and towed refraction arrays, both on the surface (Hunter and Hobson, 1974) and at depth (Fortin et al., 1987; Fagot, 1983).
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Cárdenas Soto, Martín, José Antonio Gámez Lindoro, Valeria Peña Gaspar, Juan Pablo Aguirre Díaz, and Alejandro García Serrano. "A Pseudo 3D seismic refraction tomography for exploring archaeological structures." Ingeniería Investigación y Tecnología 23, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/fi.25940732e.2022.23.1.003.

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In the seismic refraction method, refracted waves provide the velocity and irregularity of the substratum. In this study, we took advantage of this method to construct 3D images of the refractor subsurface for two rectangular arrays of sources and receivers. The procedure consists of fitting a straight line to the refracted arrival times that pass through each of the cells that discretize the study surface. The slope inverse is the P-wave velocity, and the intercept time allows us to estimate the substratum depth. We applied this method to two archaeological zones where it was necessary to kno
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Pradnya Andika, Putu, Adrin Tohari, and Dadan Dani Wardhana. "Study of the sub-surface geological condition of the Sibalaya flow liquefaction using seismic refraction method." E3S Web of Conferences 464 (2023): 02008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202346402008.

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Understanding the occurrence of flow liquefaction requires knowledge of the sub-surface condition controlling its occurrence. This paper presents the results of seismic refraction surveys conducted to evaluate the sub-surface geological condition in the Sibalaya flow liquefaction area. From the interpretation of the seismic refraction model, an inclined boundary presents between the near-surface sediment layers. Further examinations of the SRT images demonstrate the existence of localized basinal structures in the rock layer with the highest P-wave velocity. The basinal structure may be associ
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Boschetti, Fabio, Mike C. Dentith, and Ron D. List. "Inversion of seismic refraction data using genetic algorithms." GEOPHYSICS 61, no. 6 (November 1996): 1715–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444089.

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The use of genetic algorithms in geophysical inverse problems is a relatively recent development and offers many advantages in dealing with the nonlinearity inherent in such applications. However, in their application to specific problems, as with all algorithms, problems of implementation arise. After extensive numerical tests, we implemented a genetic algorithm to efficiently invert several sets of synthetic seismic refraction data. In particular, we aimed at overcoming one of the main problems in the application of genetic algorithms to geophysical problems: i.e., high dimensionality. The a
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31

Bery, Andy A. "Merge-Optimization Method of Combined Tomography of Seismic Refraction and Resistivity Data." ISRN Geophysics 2012 (December 31, 2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/293132.

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This paper discussed a novel application called merge-optimization method that combines resistivity and seismic refraction data to provide a detailed knowledge of the studied site. This method is interesting because it is able to show strong accuracy of two geophysical imaging methods based on many of data points collected from the conducted geophysical surveys of disparate data sets based strictly on geophysical models as an aid for model integration for two-dimensional environments. The geophysical methods used are high resolution methods. The resistivity imaging used in this survey is able
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Tryggvason, Ari, Cedric Schmelzbach, and Christopher Juhlin. "Traveltime tomographic inversion with simultaneous static corrections — Well worth the effort." GEOPHYSICS 74, no. 6 (November 2009): WCB25—WCB33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3240931.

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We have developed a first-arrival traveltime inversion scheme that jointly solves for seismic velocities and source and receiver static-time terms. The static-time terms are included to compensate for varying time delays introduced by the near-surface low-velocity layer that is too thin to be resolved by tomography. Results on a real data set consisting of picked first-arrival times from a seismic-reflection 2D/3D experiment in a crystalline environment show that the tomography static-time terms are very similar in values and distribution to refraction-static corrections computed using standar
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Aoki, Toru, Toshiyuki Kagawa, and Toshifumi Matsuoka. "Analysis of refraction seismic survey using the plus-minus method." BUTSURI-TANSA(Geophysical Exploration) 63, no. 4 (2010): 333–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3124/segj.63.333.

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Mohd. Nayan, Khairul Anuar, Rahman Yaccup, Abd Rahim Samsudin, Umar Hamzah, and Abd Ghani Rafek. "The use of seismic refraction method in slope failure investigation." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia 40 (July 30, 1997): 203–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7186/bgsm40199715.

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35

Nissen, Johan. "The MINILOC method — a new approach to shallow seismic refraction." Journal of Applied Geophysics 29, no. 1 (February 1992): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0926-9851(92)90022-d.

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36

Zainal, Muzakir, Badrul Munir, Marwan Marwan, Muhammad Yanis, and Akmal Muhni. "Characterization of Landslide geometry using Seismic Refraction Tomography in the GayoLues, Indonesia." Journal of Physics and Its Applications 3, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 148–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jpa.v3i2.10601.

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Landslides are the most common geological phenomenon in Indonesia.The event is damage to public infrastructure, and fatalities was a big impact. Therefore, mapping the geometry of landslides is a part of the mitigation effort possible by geophysical methods. In this research, we applied seismic refraction tomography (SRT) to study the geometry of the sliding zone from the landslide event.TheNational Disaster Management Authority reported that the area was frequently occurring landslide disaster, i.e. 2018, 2019 and 2020 which caused the public infrastructure and obstructed the road access from
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37

Wahyu, Anna, Ade Filla Intan, Arddhiles Adhitama, Febrian Nur Fadhli, Ferda Elita Putri, Gunarta Sutantio, Henest Paskah, et al. "Integrated Analysis of Microtremor Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio, Surface Waves Dispersion Curve, and Seismic Refraction Tomography to Estimate Weathered Layer Thickness and Seismic Vulnerability: Case Study Kalirejo Village, Kokap Sub-District, Kulon Progo Regency." Jurnal Fisika Indonesia 22, no. 3 (April 27, 2020): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jfi.v22i3.55648.

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Abstract (sommario):
Subduction of Indo-Australia plate to Eurasia plate and locally active fault nearby Kulon Progo play as major source for earthquake events. After effect due to earthquake has different level of damage which depend on the magnitude and site characteristics. The horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) passive seismic method is being used drastically to help in mapping the level of site vulnerability to earthquake event. HVSR analysis results help us acquire some physical values including weathered layer thickness where Vs 30 reference came from surface waves dispersion curve analysis of the
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38

Hamimu, La, Syamsul Razak Haraty, Al Rubaiyn, La Ode Ihksan Juarzan, and Indrawati. "Computation and Modelling of Seismic Refraction Tomography for Anisotropic Medium Based on Pseudo Bending Method." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2734, no. 1 (March 1, 2024): 012049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2734/1/012049.

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Abstract Seismic refraction tomography is one of the imaging techniques in geophysical methods used to remodel the near-surface velocity layer structure of the Earth. In this study, we carried out a new computational approach and modelling of seismic refraction tomography using the pseudo-bending method. The true model of the near-surface is designed to be anisotropic medium which is having a low velocity anomaly distribution. This anomaly is constructed in such a way as to be similar to a model of liquid waste away spreading, which exhibits seismic velocities ranging from 1600 m/s to 1800 m/s
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39

Ayub, Syahrial, Muhammad Zuhdi, and Joni Rokhmat. "Aplikasi Metode Seismik Refraksi dalam Menentukan Lapisan dan Tingkat Kekerasan Batuan di Bawah Permukaan Desa Medana Lombok Utara." Kappa Journal 4, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 188–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.29408/kpj.v4i2.2607.

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Abstract (sommario):
The seismic refraction method is one of the geophysical methods which is based on measuring the response of seismic waves in the soil that are fractured along the soil and rock layers. One of the seismic refraction method application is to determine the layers and rocks types below the surface. This study uses a geophone as a catcher for seismic waves that are emitted below the surface. The waves caught on the geophone are converted into seismic data which can be read in a seismograph. Seismic data read by seismographs are already in digital form and stored in the central unit PASI 16S24-P. Th
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40

Kilty, Kevin T., Roger A. Norris, W. Reid McLamore, Kerry P. Hennon, and Kenneth Euge. "Seismic refraction at Horse Mesa Dam: An application of the generalized reciprocal method." GEOPHYSICS 51, no. 2 (February 1986): 266–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1442086.

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Horse Mesa Dam is located in the Mazatzal Mountains about 60 miles east of Phoenix, Arizona, and is a part of the Salt River Project. Early in 1981, the management of the Salt River Project decided to solve problems with the existing roadway to the dam by building an improved roadway and retaining wall. Geotechnical engineers on the project originally planned to obtain depth‐to‐bedrock information for the design of these structures by drilling a large number of boreholes to bedrock. However, we decided that more complete information could be obtained less expensively by using fewer drill holes
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41

Syifa, Resi Wasilatus, Nur Ichsan Sumardani, Nur Amalia Dewi, Teti Febrianti, Jauhari Arifin, and Bebeh Wahid Nuryadin. "Identification of Landfill Using Refraction Seismic Method in LIPI Area - Bandung." Risenologi : Jurnal Sains, Teknologi, Sosial, Pendidikan, dan Bahasa 5, no. 1 (April 26, 2020): 26–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.47028/j.risenologi.2020.51.76.

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Research has been carried out using seismic refraction in the LIPI area - Bandung, which aims to determine the land of embankment in the area. Retrieval of field data was carried out using geometric Es-3000 tool along 46 meters with a spacing of 2 meters and a 7 shoot punch consisting of 2 phantom shoots beginning and ending. Data processing is done by the first step, namely by geometric editing so that data can be read by the computer. The inversion process is done by seismimager software which consists of pickwin to extract data and plotera for modeling the subsurface layer. The results of t
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42

Harmoko, U., G. Yulianto, and R. D. Indriana. "The possibility of geothermal permeability detection by using seismic refraction method." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1217 (May 2019): 012041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1217/1/012041.

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43

Liu, Sixin, Zhuo Jia, Yinuo Zhu, Xueran Zhao, and Siyuan Cheng. "Optimized Refraction Travel Time Tomography." Applied Sciences 9, no. 24 (December 11, 2019): 5439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9245439.

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Abstract (sommario):
In seismic refraction exploration, travel time tomography is the most widely used method in engineering and environmental geophysical exploration. In this paper, we mainly optimize the travel time tomography of refraction. First, with respect to the forward algorithm, we introduce a new travel time calculation method to improve the accuracy and efficiency of forward calculation. Based on the fast marching method (FMM), we introduce an improved forward calculation method called the multi-stencil fast marching method (MSFM). In the process of inversion, we propose a dynamic prior model composite
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44

Mereu, R. F. "The complexity of the crust and Moho under the southeastern Superior and Grenville provinces of the Canadian Shield from seismic refraction - wide-angle reflection data." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37, no. 2-3 (April 2, 2000): 439–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e99-122.

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Abstract (sommario):
The major features of the individual velocity models, Poisson's ratio values, and crustal complexity derived from the interpretation of seismic data sets from four long-range seismic refraction - wide-angle reflection experiments are summarized. The experiments were conducted from 1982-92 in the southeastern portion of the Canadian Shield. In the conventional analysis of seismic refraction - wide-angle reflection data, only the onset times and amplitudes of the major arrival phases are used to derive seismic velocity models of the region under study. These models are over smoothed, have a numb
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45

Bergmann, Peter, Artem Kashubin, Monika Ivandic, Stefan Lüth, and Christopher Juhlin. "Time-lapse difference static correction using prestack crosscorrelations: 4D seismic image enhancement case from Ketzin." GEOPHYSICS 79, no. 6 (November 1, 2014): B243—B252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2013-0422.1.

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Abstract (sommario):
A method for static correction of time-lapse differences in reflection arrival times of time-lapse prestack seismic data is presented. These arrival-time differences are typically caused by changes in the near-surface velocities between the acquisitions and had a detrimental impact on time-lapse seismic imaging. Trace-to-trace time shifts of the data sets from different vintages are determined by crosscorrelations. The time shifts are decomposed in a surface-consistent manner, which yields static corrections that tie the repeat data to the baseline data. Hence, this approach implies that new r
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46

Juhojuntti, Niklas, and Jochen Kamm. "Joint inversion of seismic refraction and resistivity data using layered models — Applications to groundwater investigation." GEOPHYSICS 80, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): EN43—EN55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2013-0476.1.

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Abstract (sommario):
We developed a method for joint inversion of seismic refraction and resistivity data, using sharp-boundary models with few layers (typically three). We demonstrated the usefulness of the approach via examples from near-surface case studies involving shallow groundwater exploration and geotechnical investigations, although it should also be applicable to other types of layered environments, e.g., sedimentary basins. In our model parameterization, the layer boundaries were common for the resistivity and velocity distributions. Within the layers, only lateral variations in the material parameters
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47

Edigbue, Paul, Abdullatif Al-Shuhail, and Sherif M. Hanafy. "Three-dimensional supervirtual seismic refraction interferometry: A case study in western Saudi Arabia." GEOPHYSICS 86, no. 3 (March 19, 2021): B123—B133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2020-0310.1.

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Abstract (sommario):
The semiautomatic seismic refraction supervirtual interferometry (SVI) algorithm has been developed to improve the conventional SVI method. The conventional SVI method uses convolution techniques and involves the raw trace, which reintroduces noise back into the enhanced trace. However, the semiautomatic method uses a first-arrival reference picked from a raw trace to compute the arrival times of all enhanced virtual traces. The semiautomatic SVI method has been extended recently from 2D to 3D geometry and applied on a synthetic 3D seismic data set using the raw traces of only one inline. We h
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48

Poormirzaee, Rashed, Siamak Sarmady, and Yusuf Sharghi. "A New Inversion Method Using a Modified Bat Algorithm for Analysis of Seismic Refraction Data in Dam Site Investigation." Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics 24, no. 2 (June 2019): 201–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/jeeg24.2.201.

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Abstract (sommario):
Similar to any other geophysical method, seismic refraction method faces non-uniqueness in the estimation of model parameters. Recently, different nonlinear seismic processing techniques have been introduced, particularly for seismic inversion. One of the recently developed metaheuristic algorithms is bat optimization algorithm (BA). Standard BA is usually quick at the exploitation of the solution, while its exploration ability is relatively poor. In order to improve exploration ability of BA, in the current study, a hybrid metaheuristic algorithm by inclusion a mutation operator into BA, so-c
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49

René, R. M., J. L. Fitter, D. J. Murray, and J. K. Walters. "Reflection and refraction seismic studies in the Great Salt Lake Desert, Utah." GEOPHYSICS 53, no. 4 (April 1988): 431–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1442475.

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Abstract (sommario):
Seismic refraction and CDP reflection profiles were acquired across mud flats of the Great Salt Lake Desert, Utah, during the summer of 1983. a combination of weight drops, horizontal hammers, buried explosives, and explosives detonated in air (Poulter method) was used. A 6.4 km refraction and single‐fold reflection profile indicates the presence of a shallow depression (Donner Reed basin) eastb of Donner Reed pass in the Silver Island Mountains. A basin floor ramp of Paleozoic rocks dipping approximately 30 degrees east into the Crater Island graben is interpreted beneath a 4.6 km 12-fold CDP
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50

Deen, Tara, and Karsten Gohl. "3‐D tomographic seismic inversion of a paleochannel system in central New South Wales, Australia." GEOPHYSICS 67, no. 5 (September 2002): 1364–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1512741.

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Abstract (sommario):
Buried paleochannels are of significant interest for understanding hydrological mechanisms and their potential as alluvial gold deposits. Seismic tomographic methods are a suitable solution for resolving the vertical and horizontal structure of such features. We assess a method for seismic 3‐D tomographic inversion from refraction arrivals with reflection control over a suspected paleochannel adjacent to the Wyalong gold fields in the Lachlan fold belt of central New South Wales, Australia. A standard multichannel engineering seismic recording and cable–receiver system was used on a 3‐D field
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