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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Shannonův index"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 5 febbraio 2022

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1

Konopiński, Maciej K. "Shannon diversity index: a call to replace the original Shannon’s formula with unbiased estimator in the population genetics studies." PeerJ 8 (June 29, 2020): e9391. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9391.

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Background The Shannon diversity index has been widely used in population genetics studies. Recently, it was proposed as a unifying measure of diversity at different levels—from genes and populations to whole species and ecosystems. The index, however, was proven to be negatively biased at small sample sizes. Modifications to the original Shannon’s formula have been proposed to obtain an unbiased estimator. Methods In this study, the performance of four different estimators of Shannon index—the original Shannon’s formula and those of Zahl, Chao and Shen and Chao et al.—was tested on simulated

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Liang, Naixin, Si Chen, Yuting Yi, Yan-Fang Guan, Xuefeng Xia, and Xin Yi. "Characteristics of T-cell receptor repertoire between lung cancer patients and healthy people." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (2019): e20728-e20728. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e20728.

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e20728 Background: Deep sequencing studies on T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire have provided a wealth of information, such as immune status, virus infection history and so on. As we all known, the thymus begins to involute at the time of birth, so does the immune system. We can use TCR sequence to describe changes in human’s immune system with age, the difference between males and females and immune stat of cancers. Methods: We analyzed TCRβrepertoire in 334 healthy individuals without cancer, aged 2–83 years, and 207 lung cancers. In detail, genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and

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3

Guiaşu, Radu Cornel, and Silviu Guiaşu. "Conditional and Weighted Measures of Ecological Diversity." International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 11, no. 03 (2003): 283–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218488503002089.

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Shannon's entropy and Simpson's index are the most used measures of species diversity. As the Simpson index proves to be just an approximation of the Shannon entropy, conditional Simpson indices of diversity and a global measure of interdependence among species are introduced, similar to those used in the corresponding entropic formalism from information theory. Also, since both the Shannon entropy and the Simpson index depend only on the number and relative abundance of the respective species in a given ecosystem, the paper generalizes these indices of diversity to the case when a numerical w

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Levykh, Alyona Yuryevna, and Stepan Leonidovich Boldyrev. "Structure and factors of forest birds diversity forming in the Ishim river area (Russia)." Samara Journal of Science 7, no. 2 (2018): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201872116.

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The paper studies the relationship between specific parameters of habitats (the forest area along the route, the average age of the forest, the closure of the crowns, the condition of the crowns, the type of anthropogenic impact, the stage of vegetative succession, the wetting of the forest), the abundance of birds, Shannon and Simpsons indices of the species diversity of forest ornithocenosis. This study is based on the materials of field bird records conducted in the seasons of 2014-2016 on 28 permanent routes in the forest habitats of the Ishim River area (Russia). A statistically significa

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5

Łagód, Grzegorz, Mariola Chomczyńska, Agnieszka Montusiewicz, Jacek Malicki, and David Stransky. "Methods Applied for Measurement and Visualization of Changes in Biodiversity." Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 21, no. 4 (2015): 593–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eces-2014-0042.

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Abstract The article presents the possible methods for determining biological or statistically significant differences between taxocenoses compared with respect to biodiversity. To obtain a complete description of biological differences between the compared hypothetical communities, the following indices were calculated: S (taxon richness), H (the Shannon index), Hmax (the maximum value of the Shannon index for the richness of taxa represented by the same number of individuals), Vd (a percentage value of covering the structural capacity of community, “evenness deficiency”), E (the MacArthur in

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6

Cano Ortiz, Ana, Carmelo Maria Musarella, Carlos José Pinto Gomes, Ricardo Quinto Canas, José Carlos Piñar Fuentes, and Eusebio Cano. "Phytosociological Study, Diversity and Conservation Status of the Cloud Forest in the Dominican Republic." Plants 9, no. 6 (2020): 741. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9060741.

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The study of the forest in rainy environments of the Dominican Republic reveals the presence of four types of vegetation formations, clearly differentiated from each other in terms of their floristic and biogeographical composition, and also significantly different from the rainforests of Cuba. This leads us to propose two new alliances and four plant associations located in northern mountain areas exposed to moisture-laden winds from the Atlantic: All. Rondeletio ochraceae-Clusion roseae (Ass. Cyatheo furfuracei-Prestoetum motanae; Ass. Ormosio krugii-Prestoetum montanae); and All. Rondeletio

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7

Sherwin, William B., and Narcis Prat i Fornells. "The Introduction of Entropy and Information Methods to Ecology by Ramon Margalef." Entropy 21, no. 8 (2019): 794. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21080794.

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In ecology and evolution, entropic methods are now used widely and increasingly frequently. Their use can be traced back to Ramon Margalef’s first attempt 70 years ago to use log-series to quantify ecological diversity, including searching for ecologically meaningful groupings within a large assemblage, which we now call the gamma level. The same year, Shannon and Weaver published a generally accessible form of Shannon’s work on information theory, including the measure that we now call Shannon–Wiener entropy. Margalef seized on that measure and soon proposed that ecologists should use the Sha

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8

Agbelade, Aladesanmi D., Jonathan C. Onyekwelu, and Matthew B. Oyun. "Tree Species Richness, Diversity, and Vegetation Index for Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria." International Journal of Forestry Research 2017 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4549756.

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This study was conducted to investigate the tree species richness and diversity of urban and periurban areas of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja, Nigeria, and produce Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for the territory. Data were collected from urban (Abuja city) and periurban (Lugbe) areas of the FCT using both semistructured questionnaire and inventory of tree species within green areas. In the study location, all trees with diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥ 10 cm were identified; their dbh was measured and frequency was taken. The NDVI was calculated in ArcGIS 10.3 env

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9

Dvořák, Tomáš. "Chromatic Index of Hypergraphs and Shannon’s Theorem." European Journal of Combinatorics 21, no. 5 (2000): 585–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/eujc.1999.0388.

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10

Straathof, Sebastiaan M. "Shannon's entropy as an index of product variety." Economics Letters 94, no. 2 (2007): 297–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2006.08.030.

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11

Sari, Indah Fitri, Nuning Nurcahyani, M. Kanedi, and Tugiyono Tugiyono. "Bird Species Diversity in Liwa Botanical Garden, West Lampung." Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Eksperimen dan Keanekaragaman Hayati 7, no. 1 (2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jbekh.v7i1.5.

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The diversity of bird species can reflect the high biodiversity of an area. it means that birds can be used as a bio-indicator of environmental quality. Determining the quality and level ofenvironmental damage can be seen from the diversity of bird species in the region. Environmental quality will be better if the diversity of bird species in the region is diverse.Birds have an important role in protecting the ecosystem in the Liwa Botanical Garden. The presence of birds in the Liwa Botanical Garden has not been well identified. Therefore thisresearch needs to be done. This research was conduc

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Victor, Jonathan D., and Sheila Nirenberg. "Indices for Testing Neural Codes." Neural Computation 20, no. 12 (2008): 2895–936. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco.2008.10-07-633.

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One of the most critical challenges in systems neuroscience is determining the neural code. A principled framework for addressing this can be found in information theory. With this approach, one can determine whether a proposed code can account for the stimulus-response relationship. Specifically, one can compare the transmitted information between the stimulus and the hypothesized neural code with the transmitted information between the stimulus and the behavioral response. If the former is smaller than the latter (i.e., if the code cannot account for the behavior), the code can be ruled out.

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Bareke, Tura, and Admassu Addi. "Bee flora diversity in different vegetation communities of Gesha-Sayilem forest in Kaffa Zone, south-western Ethiopia." Plants and Environment 2, no. 4 (2020): 138–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22271/2582-3744.2020.dec.138.

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Tropical Afromontane forest has the potential for honey production. The main objective of the study was to identify major bee floras and its diversity in different vegetation communities of Gesha-Sayilem forest. Bee flora data were collected systematically from 90 plots with subplots for shrubs and herbaceous species. In addition, pollen traps having 16% pollen trapping efficiency were fitted at the entrance of beehives for pollen load collection. Shannon-Wiener diversity index; species richness and Shannon’s evenness were employed to determine diversity of bee flora. The result showed that 93

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14

Liang, Yu, Jian Liu, Shu Ping Zhang, Shu Jun Wang, Wei Hua Guo, and Ren Qing Wang. "Genetic diversity of the invasive plant Coreopsis grandiflora at different altitudes in Laoshan Mountain, China." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 88, no. 4 (2008): 831–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps07020.

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In order to understand the relationship between genetic diversity and the invasiveness of exotic plants, genetic diversity was studied in the invasive plant Coreopsis grandiflora Hogg. at different altitudes in Laoshan Mountain, Northern China. Coreopsis grandiflora has produced a great deal of damage in Laoshan Mountain. Its genetic diversity was examined using 16 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers, and 125 bands were collected from all individuals. The mean percentage of polymorphic loci (P%) was 39.54%, and the total percentage of polymorphic loci (P%) was 86.40%. The mean Shan

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15

Fu, Yelin, Ming Wang, and Kin Keung Lai. "A Modified Nature Publishing Index via Shannon Entropy." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2015 (2015): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/640924.

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This paper develops a Shannon Entropy approach based only on the number of papers published to propose scientific institution rankings. A simple and efficient approach with weight restrictions is employed to derive the score under specific preferences. The importance degrees for each preference are determined using the concept of Shannon Entropy. Finally, a weighted linear combination of different lexicographic preferences with subjective perceptions between the corrected count and the number of articles criteria is proposed. An application to Asia-Pacific ranking of the Nature Publishing Inde

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16

Fang, Gang, Jian Yong Chen, Juan Yang, Qiang Zhao, and Hai Min Su. "Dynamic Changes Analysis of Dangshan Landscape Pattern." Advanced Materials Research 356-360 (October 2011): 2870–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.356-360.2870.

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The article takes 2 TM images as the data source, supported by the Fragstats 3.3 and the ENVI 4.7 softwares, two remote sensing images are classified by the support vector machine method, selects the number of patches (NP), edge density (ED), patches density (PD), landscape shape index (LSI), perimeter area fractal dimension (PAFRAC), interspersion juxtaposition index (IJI), patch cohesion index (COHESION), Shannon's diversity index (SHDI), Shannon's evenness index (SHEI) and contagion index (CONTAG), using the landscape ecological principles and methods, analyzes the dynamic changes of Dangsh

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17

Eliazar, Iddo, and Igor M. Sokolov. "Maximization of statistical heterogeneity: From Shannon’s entropy to Gini’s index." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 389, no. 16 (2010): 3023–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2010.03.045.

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Skyrpan, I. P., and S. R. Pytel. "List of bee species (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) of Lviv city (Ukraine). Part II: Families Colletidae Lepeletier, 1841; Halictidae Thomson, 1869; Megachilidae Latreille, 1802 and Melittidae Michener, 2000." Studia Biologica 14, no. 4 (2020): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/sbi.1404.637.

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Background. The article presents the results of the research on bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) that occur in the city of Lviv. Bees are one of the most important pollinators of many species of angiosperm plants. Research on species diversity of bees is very important not only on the wild nature territories, but also on the urbanized areas. Cities have a significant impact on bee species diversity, their biology and conservation. A comprehensive study of all Apoidea on the whole territory of the city of Lviv has been conducted for the first time in more than 80 years and we hope that the presented

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Kurtz, Ditmar, Marcus Giese, Folkard Asch, Saskia Windisch, and María Goldfarb. "Effects of High Impact Grazing on Species Diversity and Plant Functional Groups in Grasslands of Northern Argentina." Sustainability 10, no. 9 (2018): 3153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10093153.

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High impact grazing (HIG) was proposed as a management option to reduce standing dead biomass in Northern Argentinean (Chaco) rangelands. However, the effects of HIG on grassland diversity and shifts in plant functional groups are largely unknown but essential to assess the sustainability of the impact. During a two-year grazing experiment, HIG was applied every month to analyze the seasonal effects on plant species composition and plant functional groups. The results indicate that irrespective of the season in which HIG was applied, the diversity parameters were not negatively affected. Speci

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20

Hughes, G. "Youden's Index and the Weight of Evidence." Methods of Information in Medicine 54, no. 02 (2015): 198–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3414/me14-04-0003.

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SummaryBy means of Shannon’s relationship between information and probability, Youden’s index for rating diagnostic tests is shown to be a probability-scale analogue of the log-likelihood ratio of a positive test outcome.

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21

Deksne, Rasma, Margarita Božko, Jekaterina Kuzmina, and Andris Linužs. "Ecological Quality Analysis of the Rezekne River after Zooplankton." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (August 6, 2015): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2013vol1.802.

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During seasonal studies 2012 (August/October), samples of zooplankton were collected and analyzed according standard method. Chemical quality of the Rezekne River's water investigated. Changes of quantitative and qualitative characteristics, saprobity index, species diversity (Shannon- Wiener index) and Renkonen index were employed for the analysis of zooplankton community structure in the Rezekne River. The Rezekne River saprobity varies from o – saprobity to β – mesosaprobity. The lowest ecological quality was determined in the leg of the Rezekne River in the territory of Rezekne city, which

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22

Jasim Aljumaili, Saba, M. Y. Rafii, M. A. Latif, Siti Zaharah Sakimin, Ibrahim Wasiu Arolu, and Gous Miah. "Genetic Diversity of Aromatic Rice Germplasm Revealed By SSR Markers." BioMed Research International 2018 (2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7658032.

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Aromatic rice cultivars constitute a small but special group of rice and are considered the best in terms of quality and aroma. Aroma is one of the most significant quality traits of rice, and variety with aroma has a higher price in the market. This research was carried out to study the genetic diversity among the 50 aromatic rice accessions from three regions (Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, and Sarawak) with 3 released varieties as a control using the 32 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The objectives of this research were to quantify the genetic divergence of aromatic rice accessions usin

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Supriatna, Jatna. "Biodiversity Indexes: Value and Evaluation Purposes." E3S Web of Conferences 48 (2018): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184801001.

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Biodiversity is a word recently introduced by experts in the field of biology. This word became more meaningful after Edward O. Wilson of Harvard University introduced it in a book entitled Biodiversity, an extension of biological diversity, in 1989 [11]. In subsequent developments, it became very popular and used not only by environmental biologists but also by researchers, environmentalists, funders, educators, social experts, economists, policy makers, and many others, although many do not know what that means. Biodiversity includes variations within the biological community, where living s

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Bílek, L., J. Remeš, O. Švec, and D. Zahradník. "On the way to continuous cover forest at middle elevations – the question of forest structure and specific site characteristics." Journal of Forest Science 59, No. 10 (2013): 391–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/57/2013-jfs.

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The transformation process of even-aged forest stands to irregular forest stands on waterlogged sites after 20 years effort was analysed. Data from two 1-ha PRP was analysed with special focus on structural (Shannon Evenness Index, Simpson Index and Gini Index) and species (Shannon Evenness Index and Simpson Index) diversity. Different development on study plots confirmed that the highest structural diversity is not often compatible with the concept of species diversity. On PRP 1 high diameter differentiation has led to lower values of species diversity, while on PRP 2 rather moderate diameter

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Kares, Yohaneta, Deidy Y. Katili, and Marnix L. Langoy. "Keanekaragaman Amphibi Di Areal Persawahan Kota Tondano Kabupaten Minahasa Provinsi Sulawesi Utara." Jurnal MIPA 8, no. 3 (2019): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/jmuo.8.3.2019.26158.

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Persawahan merupakan habitat yang baik bagi kehidupan amphibi. Amphibi memiliki fungsi ekologis sebagai penyeimbang ekosistem dan sebagai bioindikator lingkungan. Penilitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keanekaragaman amphibi di areal persawahan Boleuvard Kota Tondano berdasarkan nilai indeks Shannon-Wiener. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Line Transect yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari-Desember 2018. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener pada transek satu H’ 0,782, transek dua H’1,208 dan transek tiga H’ 1,139. Berdasarkanhasilpenelitianterdapat lima spesies yang ditemukanya itu

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Xiao, Jie Ying, Xing Li, and Na Ji. "The Effect of Grain Size on Landscape Indices Analysis of Shijiazhuang." Applied Mechanics and Materials 357-360 (August 2013): 2055–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.357-360.2055.

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Grain size effect has great impact on landscape patterns quantification analysis.The purpose of this research is to investigate the behavior of six landscape level indices in respond to the grain sizes changing in the scale of province capital city, Shijiazhuang , by using Landsat TM image recorded in 2010. Analyses were conducted for finding out the appropriate grain size for study area. Results showed that: 1) respond type for the value of given landscape indices to grain size changing varied significantly. 2) The grain size range of Area-weighted mean shape index, Mean shape index and Inter

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Lee, Tsung Hung. "Ecological patterns of distribution on gradients of elevation and species diversity of snakes in southern Taiwan." Amphibia-Reptilia 26, no. 3 (2005): 325–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853805774408522.

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AbstractThe study was conducted in southern Taiwan, along a road traversing the study area from 287 to 1680 m a.s.l. from May to October 2003 to investigate the distribution patterns and species diversity of the snakes. A total of 69 individual snakes belonging to 16 species were recorded. The Shannon's index and evenness index of the full study area were 2.4337 and 0.8777, respectively. Moreover, evenness index was 401 to 700 m > 1001 to 1300 m > 701 to 1000 m > 1301 to 1600 m altitudinal zone. The Shannon's index, DMG, and the reciprocal form of the Berger-Parker index (1/d) were 10

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Strong, W. L. "Biased richness and evenness relationships within Shannon–Wiener index values." Ecological Indicators 67 (August 2016): 703–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.03.043.

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Saunoriene, Loreta, Minvydas Ragulskis, Jinde Cao, and Miguel A. F. Sanjuán. "Wada index based on the weighted and truncated Shannon entropy." Nonlinear Dynamics 104, no. 1 (2021): 739–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11071-021-06261-1.

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Izsák, János. "Parameter dependence of correlation between the Shannon index and members of parametric diversity index family." Ecological Indicators 7, no. 1 (2007): 181–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2005.12.001.

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Nielsen, Frank. "On a Variational Definition for the Jensen-Shannon Symmetrization of Distances Based on the Information Radius." Entropy 23, no. 4 (2021): 464. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23040464.

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We generalize the Jensen-Shannon divergence and the Jensen-Shannon diversity index by considering a variational definition with respect to a generic mean, thereby extending the notion of Sibson’s information radius. The variational definition applies to any arbitrary distance and yields a new way to define a Jensen-Shannon symmetrization of distances. When the variational optimization is further constrained to belong to prescribed families of probability measures, we get relative Jensen-Shannon divergences and their equivalent Jensen-Shannon symmetrizations of distances that generalize the con

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Beisel, Jean-Nicolas, and Jean-Claude Moreteau. "A simple formula for calculating the lower limit of Shannon's diversity index." Ecological Modelling 99, no. 2-3 (1997): 289–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3800(97)01954-6.

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Ivan Ulloa, Noel, Shou-Hao Chiang, and Sang-Ho Yun. "Flood Proxy Mapping with Normalized Difference Sigma-Naught Index and Shannon’s Entropy." Remote Sensing 12, no. 9 (2020): 1384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12091384.

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Rainfall-induced floods often cause significant loss of life as well as damage to infrastructure and crops. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Earth Observation Satellites (EOS) can be used to determine the extent of flooding over large geographical areas. Unlike optical sensors, SAR instruments are suitable for cloudy weather conditions, making them suitable for flood detection and mapping during extreme weather events. In this study, we explore the application of the Normalized Difference Sigma-Naught Index (NDSI) and Shannon’s entropy of NDSI (SNDSI) of Sentinel-1 data for open water flooding d

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Lasota, Jarosław, Małgorzata Wiecheć, Ewa Błońska, and Stanisław Brożek. "Biodiversity indexes in relation to soil properties in upland fir forests (Abietetum albae)." Forest Research Papers 78, no. 2 (2017): 120–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/frp-2017-0013.

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Abstract The aim of this study was to present the relationship between soil properties and biodiversity indexes in upland fir (Abies alba) forest associations (Abietetum albae). Our study was conducted in six areas representing the growth conditions of upland fir forests and the research plots were located in the Roztoczański and Świętokrzyski National Parks as well as Przedbórz, Radomsko, Piotrków and Janów lubelski Forest District. on every plot, the topography was described, soil cores were examined and samples for laboratory analysis were taken. the following characteristics were determine

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Tomar, V., and W. Ahmad. "Food web diagnostics and functional diversity of soil inhabiting nematodes in a natural woodland." Helminthologia 46, no. 3 (2009): 183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11687-009-0034-7.

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AbstractFunctional diversity and detritus soil food web of soil inhabiting nematodes in natural woodland dominated by Acacia nilotica L. was studied. Functional diversity was studied in terms of trophic groups assessed by Trophic diversity index (TDI) and Shannon-Weaver index (H′), while food web was diagnosed by channel index (CI). The plant parasitic channel was determined by plant parasitic index (PPI). The stability of the soil ecosystem was measured in terms of maturity index (MI), structure index (SI) and enrichment index (EI). Shannon-Weaver index of the area was recorded as 2.1 ± 0.3 w

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Bajagain, Santish, Santosh Pokhrel, Shishila Baniya, Aavas Pradhan, Surakchya Paudel, and Ishwar Datt Joshi. "Avifaunal Diversity of Institute of Forestry Complex, Hetauda Metropolis, Nepal." Forestry: Journal of Institute of Forestry, Nepal 17 (December 23, 2020): 83–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/forestry.v17i0.33624.

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Avifaunal diversity is the measure of species diversity via species richness and evenness. To this aim, avifaunal survey was conducted in the Institute of Forestry Complex, Hetauda from November 2017 to June 2018. Using line transect and point count methods, 132 species of birds were recorded, representing 15 orders and 44 families. Three species of these birds are in IUCN Red List while 90, 27 and 15 species are residential, visitor and migrant respectively. Higher Shannon diversity index (4.47) and Margalef index (18.78) indicate marked diversity and richness of bird species. A high value ca

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Sofizadeh, Aioub, Kamran Akbarzadeh, Ehsan Allah Kalteh, and Fatemeh Karimi. "Relationship Between the Distribution and Biodiversity of Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) With the Incidence of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Endemic Foci of Golestan Province, Iran." Journal of Medical Entomology 57, no. 6 (2020): 1768–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjaa114.

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Abstract Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) is prevalent in Golestan Province, Iran. The current study determined the relationship between the distribution and biodiversity of sand flies with cutaneous leishmaniasis at 14 villages in plain and hillsides areas. In each village from July to September 2017, 60 sticky traps and 2 CDC light traps were laid. Spearman and Mann–Whitney tests were used to determine the relationship between the incidence of ZCL and the abundance of different species of sand flies. Simpson, Shannon-Wiener, Evenness, and Margalef indices were calculated to estimate th

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Gautam, Tilak Prasad, and Tej Narayan Mandal. "Effect of disturbance on plant species diversity in moist tropical forest of eastern Nepal." Our Nature 16, no. 1 (2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v16i1.21558.

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Species diversity is a key factor for the stability of ecosystems but the increasing disturbances in tropical forests resulted in the shrinkage of biological diversity. This study was conducted in undisturbed and disturbed stands of Sal (Shorea robusta Gaertn.) dominated moist tropical forest of Sunsari district, eastern Nepal in order to understand the herb, shrub and tree diversity. Present study reported the 47, 16 and 60 species of herbs, shrubs and trees, respectively. The species richness and the Shannon–Wiener index for tree species were higher in undisturbed forest (9.11 and 3.08, resp

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Hanum, Ulia. "Keragaman Liliopsida Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Biologi." BIOTIK: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Teknologi dan Kependidikan 1, no. 1 (2015): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/biotik.v1i1.210.

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Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui lebih jauh mengenai konsep pembelajaran berbasis belajar dari lingkungan sebagai media penunjang pembelajaran biologi. Secara khusus tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keragaman Liliopsida dan menganalisis kelayakannya untuk digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran biologi. Penelitian dilakukan di pekarangan SMA Negeri 1 Sawang Kabupaten Aceh Utara. Metode pengumpulan data adalah survei dan kuadrat. Analisis data untuk indek keragaman dilakukan dengan Indeks Keragaman Shannon (Hâ€™), Indeks Kemerataan (Eâ€™). Analisis data Indeks Nilai Penting (

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40

Helal Siddiqui, ASM, Md Masudur Rahman, Md Najmus Sayadat Pitol, Md Akramul Islam, and Sk Md Mehedi Hasan. "Seedling Diversity Considerably Changes Near Localities in Three Salinity Zones of Sundarbans Mangrove Forest, Bangladesh." Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology 6, no. 3 (2021): 65241. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.65241.

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The status of natural seedlings near localities in the Sundarbans Mangrove Forest was assessed through a stratified random sampling method to observe seedling composition and diversity, importance value index, family importance value, and species evenness. A total of 63 sample plots of 3,990 m2 area were surveyed in three natural and anthropogenic influenced salinity zones of Sundarbans. A total of 16,166 seedlings of 15 species under 12 families were found. Family Euphorbiaceae showed the highest (59.59%) family relative density and Rhizophoraceae presented the highest (20%) family relative d

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41

Pla, Laura. "Bootstrap Confidence intervals for the Shannon biodiversity index: A simulation study." Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics 9, no. 1 (2004): 42–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/1085711043136.

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Batista, Anderson Pedro Bernardina, José Márcio de Mello, Marcel Régis Raimundo, Henrique Ferraço Scolforo, Aliny Aparecida dos Reis, and José Roberto Soares Scolforo. "Species richness and diversity in shrub savanna using ordinary kriging." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 51, no. 8 (2016): 958–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2016000800008.

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Abstract: The objective of this work was to analyze the spatial distribution and the behavior of species richness and diversity in a shrub savanna fragment, in 2003 and 2014, using ordinary kriging, in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. In both evaluation years, the measurements were performed in a fragment with 236.85 hectares, in which individual trees were measured and identified across 40 plots (1,000 m2). Species richness was determined by the total number of species in each plot, and diversity by the Shannon diversity index. For the variogram study, spatial models were fitted and selecte

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GUIASU, RADU CORNEL, and SILVIU GUIASU. "NEW MEASURES FOR COMPARING THE SPECIES DIVERSITY FOUND IN TWO OR MORE HABITATS." International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 18, no. 06 (2010): 691–720. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218488510006763.

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Abstract (sommario):

Both the weighted entropy, which generalizes the Shannon entropy, and the weighted quadratic index, which generalizes the Gini-Simpson index, are used for getting a unified treatment of some diversity measures proposed recently in ecology. The weights may reflect the ecological importance, rarity, or economic value of the species from a given habitat. The weighted measures, being concave functions, may be used in the additive partition of diversity. The weighted quadratic index has a special advantage over the weighted entropy because its maximum value has a simple analytical formula which all

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44

Victor, Awé Djongmo, Noiha Noumi Valery Valery, Madou Chantal Chantal, and Zapfack Louis. "Floristic composition, diversity and structure of Khaya senegalensis stands in Benue Department, Cameroon." Journal of Tropical Resources and Sustainable Science (JTRSS) 8, no. 1 (2021): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.47253/jtrss.v8i1.165.

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Abstract (sommario):

The present work has been done to provide basic data for a better conservation and valorization ofKhaya senegalensis stands in Sudano-Sahelian zone of Cameroon. A 100 m x 50 m transectmethod was undertaken to measure floristic diversity through the use of species richness,Shannon index, Pielou equitability, Simpson index, importance value index and importance valuefamily. The vegetation structure is determined by density, basal area and biovolume. Theinventory included trees with a dbh ?10 cm on an area of 1 ha per plot. A total of 6743individuals distributed in 24 families, 33 genera and 54 s

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Setyawan, Yendra Pratama, Wakhid Wakhid, and Suhadi Suhadi. "The Denser Canopy of Mangrove Drives the Structure of Insect Communities." Tropical Life Sciences Research 31, no. 3 (2020): 77–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2020.31.3.6.

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Abstract (sommario):

Mangrove restoration in Trenggalek, East Java has resulted an age variation of mangrove ecosystem. Diverse species of insects predominantly found in mangroves were collected using yellow pan traps, swipe nets and by direct picking from three different sites. This research was conducted from April until August 2015. There are 9,181 individual insects associated with mangroves comprised of 42 species from 31 families and eight orders. The first site or the 15 years old mangrove (66.22% canopy cover) indicated the highest Shannon diversity index at 2.54, Evenness index of 0.32 and Margalef richne

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Han, Wen-Juan, Jia-Yu Cao, Jin-Liang Liu, Jia Jiang, and Jian Ni. "Impacts of nitrogen deposition on terrestrial plant diversity: a meta-analysis in China." Journal of Plant Ecology 12, no. 6 (2019): 1025–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtz036.

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Abstract (sommario):

AbstractAimsWith the global atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition increasing, the effect of N deposition on terrestrial plant diversity has been widely studied. Some studies have reviewed the effects of N deposition on plant species diversity; however, all studies addressed the effects of N deposition on plant community focused on species richness in specific ecosystem. There is a need for a systematic meta-analysis covering multiple dimensions of plant diversity in multiple climate zones and ecosystems types. Our goal was to quantify changes in species richness, evenness and uncertainty in plan

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Wang, Wenyi, Lihong Song, Teng Wang, Peng Gao, and Jian Xiong. "A Note on the Relationship of the Shannon Entropy Procedure and the Jensen–Shannon Divergence in Cognitive Diagnostic Computerized Adaptive Testing." SAGE Open 10, no. 1 (2020): 215824401989904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244019899046.

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Abstract (sommario):

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the Shannon entropy procedure and the Jensen–Shannon divergence (JSD) that are used as item selection criteria in cognitive diagnostic computerized adaptive testing (CD-CAT). Because the JSD itself is defined by the Shannon entropy, we apply the well-known relationship between the JSD and Shannon entropy to establish a relationship between the item selection criteria that are based on these two measures. To understand the relationship between these two item selection criteria better, an alternative way is also provided. Theor

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48

Tuapetel, Friesland, Delly DP Matrutty, and Welem Waileruny. "Diversity of Demersal Fish Resources in Ambon Island Waters." Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia 18, no. 3 (2019): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.32491/jii.v18i3.315.

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Abstract (sommario):

The waters surrounding Ambon Island is a potential fishing gound for demersal fish resources, yet information regarding species diversity is still slightly understood. This research aimed to analyze the diversity of species and size of demersal fish around Ambon Island oceans. Data was collected based on experimental fishing using fish trap at two locations, in northern and southern waters of Ambon Island. The data were collected by experimental capture using fishing gear at two locations, namely northern waters (March-April 2015) and south of Ambon Island (July-October 2016). Methods of demer

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Pourghasemi, Hamid Reza, Biswajeet Pradhan, and Candan Gokceoglu. "Remote Sensing Data Derived Parameters and its Use in Landslide Susceptibility Assessment Using Shannon’s Entropy and GIS." Applied Mechanics and Materials 225 (November 2012): 486–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.225.486.

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In recent years, the growth of urban populations in hazardous areas has increased the impact of natural disasters in both developed and developing countries. The purpose of the current study is to assess the landslide susceptibility in Kalaleh township of Golestan province, Iran. In this study the Shannon’s entropy approach was applied. A total of 82 landslide locations were identified primarily from aerial photographs and field surveys. Then eighteen landslides conditioning factors were prepared in GIS. These landslide conditioning factors are: slope degree, slope aspect, altitude, plan curva

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50

Bruhn, Jörgen, Lutz E. Lehmann, Heiko Röpcke, Thomas W. Bouillon, and Andreas Hoeft. "Shannon Entropy Applied to the Measurement of the Electroencephalographic Effects of Desflurane." Anesthesiology 95, no. 1 (2001): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200107000-00010.

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Background The Shannon entropy is a standard measure for the order state of sequences. It quantifies the degree of skew of the distribution of values. Increasing hypnotic drug concentrations increase electroencephalographic amplitude. The probability density function of the amplitude values broadens and flattens, thereby changing from a skew distribution towards equal distribution. We investigated the dose-response relation of the Shannon entropy of the electroencephalographic amplitude values during desflurane monoanesthesia in comparison with previously used electroencephalographic parameter

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