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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Silica fouling"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 1 febbraio 2022

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Silica fouling"

1

Koo, Chai Hoon, Abdul Wahab Mohammad, Fatihah Suja', and Meor Zainal Meor Talib. "Comparative Assessment of Membrane Fouling Propensity Using Colloidal Silica as Foulant." Applied Mechanics and Materials 209-211 (October 2012): 1995–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.209-211.1995.

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Other than silt density index (SDI), modified fouling index (MFI) is claimed as one of most useful fouling predictive tools in the practice of reverse osmosis. In this study, the effect of colloidal silica particles on the MFI value with the presence of crossflow sampler (CFS) cell at the upstream of MFI setup was systematically investigated. Colloidal silica with the particle size ranging from 70-100 nm was used as the model foulant in this experiment. The feed silica suspension was 0, 50, and 200 mg/L. The effect of membrane pore size as the test membrane in the dead-end cell on the fouling

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2

Freeman, Scott D. N., and Randall J. Majerle. "Silica fouling revisited." Desalination 103, no. 1-2 (November 1995): 113–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0011-9164(95)00092-5.

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3

Chan, S. H., Z. J. Chen, and P. He. "Effect of Ferric Chloride on Silica Fouling." Journal of Heat Transfer 117, no. 2 (May 1, 1995): 323–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2822524.

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This study presents the results of an experimental investigation of the effects of Fe3+ ion in aqueous solution on silica fouling of heat exchanger and assesses the relative effect of Fe3+, Na+, and K+ ions on silica fouling. Experiments were conducted at 165–125°C, 1.58 MPa, and under turbulent flow conditions. It was shown that adding a few ppm of Fe3+ into silica solution was sufficient to formulate chemical coagulation and deposition of silica colloidal particles, which in turn caused a significant increase in the fouling rate. It was also observed that when Fe3+ was added to the silica so

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4

Chan, S. H., Z. J. Chen, and P. He. "Effects of Sodium and Potassium Chlorides on Silica Fouling." Journal of Heat Transfer 115, no. 1 (February 1, 1993): 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2910674.

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The effects of NaCl and KCl salts in aqueous solutions on silica fouling of heat exchangers under turbulent flow conditions were examined experimentally over a range of pH, velocity, and salt concentration levels. The fundamental attachment process of silica fouling from those aqueous solutions was described. The silica fouling rate in NaCl solutions was found to be greater than that in KCl solutions. In all cases, the fouling rate increased with the salt concentration. When both salts were present simultaneously, the fouling rate found to be closer to that of the KCl system than that of the N

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5

Nghiem, Long Duc, Christiane Espendiller, and Gerd Braun. "Influence of organic and colloidal fouling on the removal of sulphamethoxazole by nanofiltration membranes." Water Science and Technology 58, no. 1 (July 1, 2008): 163–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.647.

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This study investigated the effects of organic and colloidal fouling on the removal of a representative micropollutant sulphamethoxazole by two commercially available NF membranes. Alginate, bovine serum albumin and colloidal silica were selected as model foulants to simulate hydrophilic and hydrophobic organic fractions, and colloidal matter that are often found in treated effluent and surface water. Membrane fouling was related to the membrane and foulant characteristics and subsequently the separation behaviour of the micropollutant sulphamethoxazole under different solution pH. On the basi

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6

Chan, S. H., H. Rau, C. DeBellis, and K. F. Neusen. "Silica Fouling of Heat Transfer Equipment—Experiments and Model." Journal of Heat Transfer 110, no. 4a (November 1, 1988): 841–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3250583.

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Silica fouling of heat transfer equipment in geothermal energy systems is studied. The effects of temperature, pH, and salinity on silica solubility and silica polymerization are reviewed. Experimental fouling data are presented for geothermal brines with different pH values, chemical compositions, and thermal-hydraulic conditions. The effects of supersaturation, pH, Reynolds number, and the concentration of ions in the brine solution on the formation of silica scale in the heat exchanger tube are discussed. A silica deposition model is proposed that accounts for supersaturation, pH factor, sa

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7

Lunevich, L., P. Sanciolo, L. F. Dumée, and S. R. Gray. "Silica fouling in high salinity waters in reverse osmosis desalination (sodium–silica system)." Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology 2, no. 3 (2016): 539–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ew00065g.

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8

Park, Yong-Min, Kyung-Min Yeon, and Chul-hwi Park. "Silica treatment technologies in reverse osmosis for industrial desalination: A review." Environmental Engineering Research 25, no. 6 (January 3, 2020): 819–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/eer.2019.353.

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Abstract (sommario):

Reverse osmosis (RO) is the main process of current industrial desalination, and its performance is affected by the quality of water source. Natural water contains a certain level of silica, which is originated from metal silicate in the earth crust. Due to its complexity, silica fouling is difficult to control, which often causes less efficient design of RO system for safe operation. In the present work, we review the current state of silica treatment technology in RO desalination. Silica chemistry is investigated in standpoint of the scale formation mechanism among multiple forms of silica s

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9

Gilron, Jack, Yitzhak Ladizansky, and Eli Korin. "Silica Fouling in Direct Contact Membrane Distillation." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 52, no. 31 (June 21, 2013): 10521–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie400265b.

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10

Sugama, Toshifumi, and Keith Gawlik. "Anti-silica fouling coatings in geothermal environments." Materials Letters 57, no. 3 (December 2002): 666–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-577x(02)00851-0.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Silica fouling"

1

Chen, Dong. "Ultrasonic Control of Ceramic Membrane Fouling Caused by Silica Particles and Dissolved Organic Matter." The Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1109363214.

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2

Beltran, Osuna Angela Aurora. "Evaluation of Antifouling Materials Based on Silica Gels." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1323359814.

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3

Yu, Hong School of Chemical Engineering &amp Industrial Chemistry UNSW. "The mechanisms of composite fouling in Australian sugar mill evaporators by calcium oxalate and amorphous silica." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Chemical Engineering and Industrial Chemistry, 2004. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/20527.

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Abstract (sommario):

Deposition of amorphous silica (SiO2) and calcium oxalate (CaOx) on the calandria tubes of juice evaporators cause serious processing problems in Australian cane sugar mills. The removal of these deposits by mechanical and chemical means is a timeconsuming and costly experience. The cost of downtime and chemical cleaning can be several million dollars per year for the Australian sugar industry. The interactions between CaOx and SiO2 have not been investigated previously because conventional studies only address fouling by individual components. The present work evaluates their interactions usi

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4

El, Fouhaili Bandar. "Development of hydrophobic/superhydrophobic anti-fouling photopolymer coatings for PVC reactor." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MULH6191.

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Lors de la polymérisation en suspension du chlorure de vinyle, il se forme sur les parois un dépôt de polychlorure de vinyle (PVC). Ce phénomène, nommé encroûtement, génère des problèmes car il limite la production de PVC et affecte la qualité du produit final. Dans ce contexte, un projet FUI (Fond Unique Interministériel) intitulé «Ecoating», a été financé dans le cadre d’une collaboration entre plusieurs partenaires industriels et universitaires (INEOS ChlorVinyls, Mäder Research, Avenir Group, LPIM, ESPCI-ParisTech). Deux thèses ont vu le jour au LPIM, avec pour but de développer un revêtem

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5

Perry, Jeffrey L. "Fouling in silicon microchannel designs used for IC chip cooling and its mitigation /." Online version of thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/6211.

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6

Boyd, Christopher. "Assessment, Optimization, and Enhancement of Ultrafiltration (UF) Membrane Processes in Potable Water Treatment." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5909.

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This dissertation reports on research related to ultrafiltration (UF) membranes in drinking water applications. A pilot-scale investigation identified seasonal surface water quality impacts on UF performance and resulted in the development of a dynamic chemically enhanced backwash protocol for fouling management. Subsequent analysis of UF process data revealed limitations with the use of specific flux, transmembrane pressure (TMP), and other normalization techniques for assessing UF process fouling. A new TMP balance approach is presented that identifies the pressure contribution of membrane f

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7

Li, Cheng-Cho, and 李正周. "Cleaning strategies for the silica fouling on ultrafiltration membrane." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98641110434628260222.

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碩士<br>國立交通大學<br>工學院碩士在職專班永續環境科技組<br>97<br>In recent years, the recycle of wastewater has increasing gained the traction in the industry of Semiconductor and Photonics. The value of wafer recycling is not only supported by government regulations but also the fashion of environmental friendly industry. The recycle techniques for the high turbidity and complex-compositon CMP wastewater continue to improve; however, the recycle efficiency is low due to the nature of sewage that easy to cause fouling and scaling during the recycling process. The dissolved silica will enhance fouling and scaling on

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8

Lee, Sooi Li. "Role of surfactants in filtration and fouling of colloidal silica." Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/13290.

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The EM3E Master is an Education Programme supported by the European Commission, the European Membrane Society (EMS), the European Membrane House (EMH), and a large international network of industrial companies, research centres and universities<br>The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of three different types of surfactants (i) anionic sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), (ii) cationic (hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), and (iii) non-ionic: Triton X-100 (Polyethylene glycol tert-octylphenyl ether) and the effect of surfactant concentration on ultrafiltration of collo

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9

Yu, Hong. "The mechanisms of composite fouling in Australian sugar mill evaporators by calcium oxalate and amorphous silica." 2004. http://www.library.unsw.edu.au/~thesis/adt-NUN/public/adt-NUN20050324.110406/index.html.

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Mustafa, Ghulam Mohammad Chemical Sciences &amp Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "The study of pretreatment options for composite fouling of reverse osmosis membranes used in water treatment and production." 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/40882.

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Most common inorganic foulants in RO processes operating on brackish water are calcium carbonate, calcium sulphate and silica. However, silica fouling is the recovery limiting factor in RO system. Silica chemistry is complex and its degree of fouling strongly depends on the silica solubility and its polymerization under different operating conditions of RO process. In several studies carried out in batch and dynamic tests, the presence of polyvalent cations and supersaturation of silica in solutions were found to be the important factors (apart from pH and temperature) that affected the rate o

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Silica fouling"

1

Kroupa, Martin, Michal Vonka, Miroslav Soos, and Juraj Kosek. "Probing Coagulation and Fouling in Colloidal Dispersions with Viscosity Measurements: In Silico Proof of Concept." In Polymer Reaction Engineering of Dispersed Systems, 161–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/12_2017_17.

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2

Mahmoud Waheeb, Omar. "Connect Two Crude Oil Distillation Units with One Crude Oil De-Salter in Dewania Refinery." In Crude Oil - New Technologies and Recent Approaches [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98182.

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Crude oil, which exported to refineries, already contains salt, water, and fouling crude oil received with salt content not less than 50 ppm. Dewania refinery with a capacity of 20,000 BPSD, which serves with two crude distillation units, each unit with a capacity of 10,000 BPSD, which operate without crude desalter. In an aim to reduce the effects of salts, water and, fouling associated with crude oil, two crude distillation units connected with one crude oil desalter with a capacity of 20,000 BPSD (one desalter). crude oil desalter transferred from (Daura Refinery) to Dewania refinery, in aim to reduce salt content from 50ppm to 5 ppm and mitigate water and other fouling. Crude oil desalter installed in the middle distance between two crude distillations units (90 m from each unit isometric piping). Crude oil, which is pumped by a charge pump to preheated in crude oil distillation unit with a train of heat exchangers. When the pipeline size increased from 4″ to 6″, which reduces the pressure dropped from 0.946 to 0.15 bar for each transfer pipeline and in consequence, the total pressure drop reduces from 11.011 to 10.215 bar for the whole unit. In an aim to reduce the heat dissipated from surface of transfer pipeline. Each transfer pipeline insulated with calcium silicate insulator, the thickness of insulator increased from 38mm to 50mm in an aim to reduce heat loss from −101.56 watts/m to −84.282 watts/m, which reduced temperature difference between the surface pipeline and environment from 13 to 10°C.

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3

Holberg, Stefan. "Non-Hydrolyzed Resins for Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Coatings." In Research Perspectives on Functional Micro- and Nanoscale Coatings, 105–35. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0066-7.ch005.

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This chapter focuses on resins based on non-hydrolyzed, monomeric and polymeric alkoxysilanes. As alternative to classical sol-gel processing, the resins are applied to a surface without a preceding hydrolysis step. Only after application, hydrolysis and condensation of the alkoxysilyl groups occur by means of atmospheric moisture to result cross-linked organic-inorganic hybrid coatings. While the use of non-hydrolyzed silanes is well established, for example by applying polyethyl silicate as binder for zinc-rich anti-corrosive primers, this chapter describes the chemical structures of various novel organic-inorganic hybrid precursors that have significantly extended the area of application to adhesives and scratch-resistant, repellent, or anti-fouling coatings. At present, individual resins are produced and applied at industrial scale in the fields of protective coatings and automotive topcoats.

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Holberg, Stefan. "Non-Hydrolyzed Resins for Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Coatings." In Materials Science and Engineering, 771–801. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1798-6.ch030.

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Abstract (sommario):

This chapter focuses on resins based on non-hydrolyzed, monomeric and polymeric alkoxysilanes. As alternative to classical sol-gel processing, the resins are applied to a surface without a preceding hydrolysis step. Only after application, hydrolysis and condensation of the alkoxysilyl groups occur by means of atmospheric moisture to result cross-linked organic-inorganic hybrid coatings. While the use of non-hydrolyzed silanes is well established, for example by applying polyethyl silicate as binder for zinc-rich anti-corrosive primers, this chapter describes the chemical structures of various novel organic-inorganic hybrid precursors that have significantly extended the area of application to adhesives and scratch-resistant, repellent, or anti-fouling coatings. At present, individual resins are produced and applied at industrial scale in the fields of protective coatings and automotive topcoats.

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5

Brindha Devi, Parthiban, and Ridhanya Jeyaseelan. "Natural Medicinal Compounds from Marine Fungi towards Drug Discovery: A Review." In Drug Design - Novel Advances in the Omics Field and Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94137.

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Marine fungi are species of fungi which live in estuaries environment and marine environment. These species are found in common habitat. Marine fungi are rich in antimicrobial compounds such as anthrones, cephalosporins, peptides, steroids. These compounds which are derived mainly focused in the area of anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-fungal, anti-microbial, anti-fouling activity. Bioactive terpene compounds are produced by marine fungi and marine derived fungi can produce sclerotides, trichoderins. Marine fungi have become the richest sources of biologically active metabolites and structurally novel in the marine environment. In a recent study the marine derived fungi dichotomomyces cejpii exhibits activity towards cannabinoid which is used to treat alzheimer dementia. Aspergillus unguis showed significant acetyl cholinesterase besides its anti-oxidant activity. These acts as a promising intent for discovery of pharmaceutically important metabolites like alkaloids, peptides. Computational (in silico) strategies have been developed and broadly applied to pharmacology advancement and testing. This review summarizes the bioactive compounds derived from marine fungi in accordance with the sources and their biological activities.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Silica fouling"

1

Perry, Jeffrey L., and Satish G. Kandlikar. "Investigation of Fouling in Microchannels." In ASME 4th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2006-96248.

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Particulate fouling in microchannels is a subject that is largely unexplored. It does, however, have significant implications for all microchannel flows since the hydraulic diameters are very small and consequently are susceptible to excessively large pressure drops. The significant forces for dilute solutions of silica particles ranging from 3 to 10 μm are studied in rectangular microchannels made in silicon with a hydraulic diameter of 106 μm. The effects of zeta potential which is pH driven, lift force on the particulates and their fouling characteristics are evaluated by measuring the pres

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2

Perry, Jeffrey L., and Satish G. Kandlikar. "Investigation of Fouling and Its Mitigation in Silicon Microchannels." In ASME 2008 6th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2008-62038.

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Particulate fouling studies with 4.0-μm silica and 1.25-μm alumina dispersions in water were performed in rectangular, silicon microchannels having a hydraulic diameter of 225 μm with a Reynolds number of 17. Data show the absence of particle deposition within the microchannels. The primary reason for this is the relatively high wall shear stress at the microchannel walls of 2.3 Pa compared to conventional size passageways. In contrast, the headers for the microchannels are quite susceptible to particulate fouling under the same conditions. This is because the shear stress in the header region

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3

Harun, Z., Muhamad Zaini Yunos, Mohd Riduan Jamalludin, Muhamad Fikri Shohur, Hatijah Basri, and Ahmad Fauzi Ismail. "Effect of operating condition on polysulfone/PEG/silica membrane fouling in wastewater separation." In 2013 International Conference on Advanced Materials and Information Technology Processing. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/amitp130121.

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4

Degereji, Mohammed U. "Numerical Assessment of the Slagging Potential of Nigerian Coal for Possible Co-Firing." In ASME 2015 9th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2015 Power Conference, the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2015 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2015-49781.

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Co-firing coal and biomass offers a sustainable renewable energy option. However, slagging and fouling have been identified as some of the major operational challenges associated with co-firing. The chemistry of individual fuels can be used to determine the slagging potential of the blend. Previously, we have developed a numerical slagging index (NSI) based on the ash content in coal and the chemical properties of the coal ash. The NSI has been tested on a wide range of coals, and very good prediction results were obtained. In this paper, the slagging potential of Nigerian coal and other coals

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5

Guinn, John E., and Debjyoti Banerjee. "Experimental Study of Nanofluids for Droplet Cooling Applications Using Temperature Microsensors." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-14101.

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The use of nano-fluids in droplet cooling (boiling) was explored parametrically in this experimental study. The experimental parameters are: nanofluid composition, superheat, liquid subcooling, and spray parameters (nozzle diameter, injection distance, size of droplets, injection pressure, mass flow rate, etc.). Two test fluids were used in the experiments: de-ionized (DI) water and nanofluid. The nano-fluid consists of silica nano-particles with a nominal diameter of 10nm dissolved in water at 2% concentration by weight. An experimental apparatus was fabricated to measure the surface temperat

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6

Smith, Karl J. P., Joshua Winans, and James McGrath. "Ultrathin Membrane Fouling Mechanism Transitions in Dead-End Filtration of Protein." In ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with the ASME 2016 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2016 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2016-7989.

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Ultrathin membranes will likely see great utility in future membrane-based separations, but key aspects of the performance of these membranes, especially when they are used to filter protein, remain poorly understood. In this work we perform protein filtrations using new nanoporous silicon nitride (NPN) membranes. Several concentrations of protein are filtered using dead end filtration in a benchtop centrifuge, and we track fouling based on the amount of filtrate passed over time. A modification of the classic fouling model that includes the effects of using a centrifuge and allow for the visu

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7

May Estebaranz, Alan, Simon Hogg, Michael Hilfer, and Phil Dyer. "A Static Test Facility for the Study of Deposit Fouling on Steam Turbine Blades." In ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2014-25517.

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For several decades it has been recognised that deposition on the surfaces of steam turbine blades during operation can result in significant loss in thermal performance and, in some cases, a large reduction in the steam swallowing capacity. One principal cause of deposit fouling on HP turbines is copper, although other elements, for example silicon, can also be problematic. Copper is initially corroded from condenser and feedheater tubes by the water which then contaminates the inner surfaces of the boiler as the water is evaporated. The steam from the boiler becomes contaminated with copper

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Lukas, Malte. "Comparison of Spectrometric Techniques for the Analysis of Liquid Gas Turbine Fuels." In ASME 1992 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/92-gt-202.

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High temperature corrosion and fuel system fouling are major concerns that confront gas turbine users. Fuel treatment is a critical requirement for gas turbine operators burning alternative fuels and even so called “clean fuels”. Spectrometric fuel analysis is used to determine the amount of treatment required as well as the efficiency of the treatment. In most cases, analytical techniques developed by chemists for use in laboratory environments have been adopted for field use. This paper describes the various spectrometric techniques available to the gas turbine user to analyze fuels for cont

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Stalder, Jean-Pierre, and Peter A. Huber. "Use of Chromium Containing Fuel Additive to Reduce High Temperature Corrosion of Hot Section Parts." In ASME Turbo Expo 2000: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2000-gt-0138.

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The use of “clean” fuel is a prerequisite at today’s elevated gas turbine firing temperature, modern engines are more sensitive to high temperature corrosion if there are impurities present in the fuel and/or in the combustion air. It is a common belief that distillate grade fuels are contaminant-free, which is often not true. Frequently operators burning distillates ignore the fuel quality as a possible source of difficulties. This matter being also of concern in plants mainly operated on natural gas and where distillate fuel oil is the back-up fuel. Distillates may contain water, dirt and of

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10

Tuckerman, David B., R. Fabian W. Pease, Zihong Guo, Jenny E. Hu, Ozgur Yildirim, Geoff Deane, and Lowell Wood. "Microchannel Heat Transfer: Early History, Commercial Applications, and Emerging Opportunities." In ASME 2011 9th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2011-58308.

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In 1980, high-performance computing was becoming limited by the heat dissipated in semiconductor chips. IBM was introducing a new chip packaging technology that featured a specific thermal conductance of about 5000 W/m2·°C and occupied approximately 1 liter of space in order to cool 300 W. IBM was also developing a superconducting computer technology to circumvent the thermal problem posed by continued scaling of semiconductor chips. The following year, two of us (DBT and RFWP) showed theoretically and experimentally that by scaling down the dimensions of a conventional plate-fin liquid-cooled

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