Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Slot-filler categories"

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Slot-filler categories"

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Yu, Younoak, e Katherine Nelson. "Slot-filler and Conventional Category Organisation in Young Korean Children". International Journal of Behavioral Development 16, n. 1 (marzo 1993): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016502549301600101.

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Previous research has found that young English-speaking children rely on event schema knowledge in forming object categories and using them in verbal tasks. The present study examined category knowledge in young Korean children. In Experiment 1, 5and 8-year-olds produced category instances under either slot-filler or taxonomic instructions. Five-year-olds produced more instances in the slot-filler condition, whereas 8-year-olds produced more in the taxonomic condition. In Experiment 2, children were presented with a list of words composed of either slot-filler category items or taxonomic category items for either free or cued recall. For the 5-year-olds, slot-filler categories led to superior recall, higher levels of organisation, and shorter latencies than taxonomic categories in both recall conditions, and led to increased recall when script cues were provided. These findings support the view that slot-filler categories represent a closer match to the categorical structures of the young child's semantic organisation than taxonomic categories, and that slot-filler categories are combined into larger taxonomic categories as the child develops and learns.
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Sell, Marie A. "The development of children's knowledge structures: events, slots, and taxonomies". Journal of Child Language 19, n. 3 (ottobre 1992): 659–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000900011612.

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ABSTRACTSeventeen preschool (age range 2;10–3;6), 26 kindergarten (age range 5;5–6;7), and 26 fourth-grade (age range 9;5–10;5) children's knowledge structures were examined with a word association task and a match-to-sample picture task to determine whether or not children used slot-filler categories as a mediating structure between event-based and taxonomic knowledge structures, as proposed by Nelson (1985, 1986). In general, preschool children were able to provide event-based, but not slot-filler or taxonomic, relations; kindergarten children were able to provide event-based or slot-filler relations, but very few taxonomic relations; and fourth-grade children were able to provide all three relations. These findings support Nelson's hypothesis that taxonomic knowledge structures are derived from event-based knowledge structures with the aid of slot-filler categories.
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Lucariello, Joan, e Katherine Nelson. "Slot-filler categories as memory organizers for young children." Developmental Psychology 21, n. 2 (marzo 1985): 272–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.21.2.272.

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LI, DEGAO, e JIJIA ZHANG. "Chinese deaf adolescents’ free recall of taxonomic, slot-filler, and thematic categories". Scandinavian Journal of Psychology 50, n. 4 (agosto 2009): 355–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9450.2009.00721.x.

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Shivabasappa, Prarthana, Elizabeth D. Peña e Lisa M. Bedore. "Semantic Category Convergence in Spanish–English Bilingual Children With and Without Developmental Language Disorder". Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 62, n. 7 (15 luglio 2019): 2361–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2019_jslhr-l-17-0427.

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Purpose The study examines the extent of convergence of semantic category members in Spanish–English bilingual children with reference to adults using a semantic fluency task. Method Thirty-seven children with developmental language disorder (DLD), matched pairwise with 37 typically developing (TD) children in the age range of 7;0–9;11 (years;months), produced items in 7 semantic categories (3 taxonomic and 4 slot-filler) in both Spanish and English. The 10 most frequently produced items for each category by 20 Spanish–English bilingual adults were identified as the most prototypical responses. The top 10 items generated by TD children and children with DLD, in their order of production, were analyzed for the amount of convergence with adults' responses. Results The top 5 items produced by children with DLD showed similar convergence scores as those produced by their TD peers. However, their responses in the 6th to 10th positions showed lower convergence scores than their TD peers. Children's convergence scores were higher for the slot-filler condition compared to taxonomic in both English and Spanish. The convergence scores also significantly differed across the semantic categories. Conclusion The children with DLD show greater convergence on the typical items generated earlier in their word lists than the items generated later. This pattern of convergence and divergence highlights their strengths and weaknesses in the representation of lexical–semantic knowledge for typical versus less typical items. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.8323613
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Tesi sul tema "Slot-filler categories"

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Strauss, Ilse. "Typically developing 4-year-old children with AAC systems using different language organization techniques". Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-08042008-174658.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Slot-filler categories"

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"in which members share little in common perceptually. Food consists simply of those items that play a certain role in children's breakfast, lunch, and dinner scripts. In an especially well-known study, Lucariello, Kyratzis, and Nelson (1992) asked preschool children of various ages to provide specific items for five super-ordinate categories: food, clothes, animals, furniture, and tools. The first three of these in particular were hypothesized to have slot-filler structure because of their participation in salient events in children's lives, and indeed, it was found that the basis for each of these categories for young children was the similar events in which its exemplars participated. There was also evidence that the older children formed these categories on the basis of more different types of events than younger children. Subsequent research has shown that children can form both syntagmatic and paradigmatic categories from their initial event representations (see Nelson, 1996, for a review). Nelson is one of the only theorists of children's language development who has gone onto focus on the nature of children's lexical development later in the preschool period (the one major exception being Anglin, 1977,1983). Briefly, the idea is that by establishing lexical fields of similar terms, children construct relations such as synonymy, antonymy, and hy pony my (hierarchical relations). The establishment of these relations makes possible "the manipulation of language terms without refer-ence to situational context" (Nelson, 1985, p. 214); that is, children establish lexical relations among words, "unencumbered by all of the syntagmatic entailments of the conceptual system" (Nelson, 1985, p. 214). Establishing these kinds of abstract rela-tions enables children to, among other things, perform in adult-like ways in explicit verbal classification tasks as they approach school age. It is only at this point that Nelson is willing to say that children have "a system of semantic relations that is purely symbolic and semiautonomous, that is, it can operate independently of the conceptual system" (Nelson, 1985, p. 214). Strong evidence for this proposal was re-cently supplied by Sell (1992). In a study of children ranging in age from 2 to 10 years, she found that the youngest children seemed to possess mainly categories based in specific events. The slightly older children (5-6 years of age) possessed, in addition, slot-filler categories based on participant roles in whole classes of events. It was only the oldest, school-aged children, who possessed fully taxonomic concep-tual categories independent of specific events and event types. With respect to the grammatical structure of language, Tomasello (1992a) used Nelson's event-based model to explicate some aspects of children's early multi-word productions. The hypothesis was that the basic structure of children's earliest multiword utterances is provided by verbs. The defining feature of verbs is of course the dynamic and sequential nature of their underlying conceptualizations; they refer to events and states of affairs. Moreover, the meaning of a verb perforce includes participant roles such as agent and patient as an integral component. For example, the meaning of the verb give includes the giver, the thing given, and the person given to as they engage in certain activities. Children's understanding and". In A Special Issue in Honor of Katherine Nelson, 13–26. Psychology Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781410608857-2.

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