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1
Phillips, Rhonda D. "A Probabilistic Classification Algorithm With Soft Classification Output". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26701.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis presents a shared memory parallel version of the hybrid classification algorithm IGSCR (iterative guided spectral class rejection), a novel data reduction technique that can be used in conjunction with PIGSCR (parallel IGSCR), a noise removal method based on the maximum noise fraction (MNF), and a continuous version of IGSCR (CIGSCR) that outputs soft classifications. All of the above are either classification algorithms or preprocessing algorithms necessary prior to the classification of high dimensional, noisy images. PIGSCR was developed to produce fast and portable code using Fortran 95, OpenMP, and the Hierarchical Data Format version 5 (HDF5) and accompanying data access library. The feature reduction method introduced in this thesis is based on the singular value decomposition (SVD). This feature reduction technique demonstrated that SVD-based feature reduction can lead to more accurate IGSCR classifications than PCA-based feature reduction.
This thesis describes a new algorithm used to adaptively filter a remote sensing dataset based on signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) once the maximum noise fraction (MNF) has been applied.
The adaptive filtering scheme improves image quality as shown by estimated SNRs and classification accuracy improvements greater than 10%. The continuous iterative guided spectral class rejection (CIGSCR) classification method is based on the iterative guided spectral class rejection (IGSCR) classification method for remotely sensed data. Both CIGSCR and IGSCR use semisupervised clustering to locate clusters that are associated with classes in a classification scheme. This type of semisupervised classification method is particularly useful in remote sensing where datasets are large, training data are difficult to acquire, and clustering makes the identification of subclasses adequate for training purposes less difficult. Experimental results indicate that the soft classification output by CIGSCR is reasonably accurate (when compared to IGSCR), and the fundamental algorithmic changes in CIGSCR (from IGSCR) result in CIGSCR being less sensitive to input parameters that influence iterations.Ph. D.
2
Stolpmann, Alexander. "An intelligent soft-computing texture classification system". Thesis, University of South Wales, 2005. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/an-intelligent-softcomputing-texture-classification-system(a43eb831-a799-438b-9112-3ce1df432fe9).html.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The aim of this research work was to obtain a system that classifies texture. This so called Texture Classification System is not a system for one special task or group of tasks. It is a general approach that shows a way towards real artificial vision. Finding ways to enable computerised systems to visually recognise its surroundings is of increasing importance for the industry and society at large. To reach this goal not only objects but less well describable texture has to be identified within an image. To achieve this aim a number of objectives had to be met. At first a review of how natural vision works was done to better understand the complexity of visual systems. This is followed by a more detailed definition of what texture is. Next a review of image processing techniques, of statistical methods and of soft-computing methods was made to identify those that can be used or improved for the Texture Classification System. A major objective was to create the structure of the Texture Classification System. The design presented in this work is the framework for a multitude of modules arranged in groups and layers with multiple feedback and optimisation possibilities. The main achievement is a system for texture classification for which natural vision was used as a " blue-print". A more detailed definition of what texture is was made and a new texture library was started. The close review of image processing techniques provided a variety of applicable methods, as did the review and enhancement of statistical methods. Some of those methods were improved or used in a new way. Neural networks and fuzzy clustering were applied for classification, while genetic algorithms provide a means for self optimisation. The concepts and methods have been used for a number of projects next to texture classification itself. This work presents applications for fault detection in glass container manufacturing, quality control of veneer, positioning control of steel blocks in a rotation oven, and measurement of hair gloss. With the Texture Classification System a new, holistic approach for complex image processing and artificial vision tasks is being contributed. It uses a modular combination of statistics, image processing and soft-computing methods, easily adaptable to new tasks, includes new ideas for high order statistics, and incorporates self optimisation to achieve lean sub-systems. The system allows multiple feedbacks and includes a border detection routine. The new texture library provides images for future work of researchers. Still a lot of work has to be done in the future to achieve an artificial vision system that is comparable to the human's visual capabilities. This is mainly due to the fact of missing computational resources. At least another decade of hardware development is needed to reach this goal. During this time more, better or even novel methods will be added to the Texture Classification System to improve its universal capabilities.
3
Doan, Huong Thi Xuan. "Soft classification and land cover mapping from remotely sensed imagery". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.439513.
Testo completo
4
Xia, Baiqiang. "Learning 3D geometric features for soft-biometrics recognition". Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10132/document.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
La reconnaissance des biomètries douces (genre, âge, etc.)trouve ses applications dans plusieurs domaines. Les approches proposéesse basent sur l’analyse de l’apparence (images 2D), très sensiblesaux changements de la pose et à l’illumination, et surtout pauvre en descriptionsmorphologiques. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons d’exploiterla forme 3D du visage. Basée sur une approche Riemannienne d’analysede formes 3D, nous introduisons quatre descriptions denses à savoir: lasymétrie bilatérale, la moyenneté, la configuration spatiale et les variationslocales de sa forme. Les évaluations faites sur la base FRGCv2 montrentque l’approche proposée est capable de reconnaître des biomètries douces.A notre connaissance, c’est la première étude menée sur l’estimation del’âge, et c’est aussi la première étude qui propose d’explorer les corrélationsentre les attributs faciaux, à partir de formes 3DSoft-Biometric (gender, age, etc.) recognition has shown growingapplications in different domains. Previous 2D face based studies aresensitive to illumination and pose changes, and insufficient to representthe facial morphology. To overcome these problems, this thesis employsthe 3D face in Soft-Biometric recognition. Based on a Riemannian shapeanalysis of facial radial curves, four types of Dense Scalar Field (DSF) featuresare proposed, which represent the Averageness, the Symmetry, theglobal Spatiality and the local Gradient of 3D face. Experiments with RandomForest on the 3D FRGCv2 dataset demonstrate the effectiveness ofthe proposed features in Soft-Biometric recognition. Furtherly, we demonstratethe correlations of Soft-Biometrics are useful in the recognition. Tothe best of our knowledge, this is the first work which studies age estimation,and the correlations of Soft-Biometrics, using 3D face
5
Siddiqui, Mujahuddin M., Shaikh M. Mobin, Irena Senkovska, Stefan Kaskel e Maravanji S. Balakrishna. "Novel zeotype frameworks with soft cyclodiphosphazane linkers and soft Cu₄X₄ clusters as nodes". Royal Society of Chemistry, 2014. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A36036.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Two novel cyclodiphosphazane cluster frameworks with Cu₄X₄ clusters as tetrahedral nodes and ferrocenyl cyclodiphosphazanes [Fe(η5-C5H₄)₂(PNtBu)₂] as ditopic linkers have been synthesized. These frameworks having sodalite topology display a unique integration of porosity and redox activity and offer new opportunities for the synthesis of zeotype frameworks with soft phosphorus-based ligands.
6
Fröhner, Michael, e Manfred P. Wirth. "Etiologic Factors in Soft Tissue Sarcomas". Karger, 2001. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27622.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Soft tissue sarcomas account for about 1% of all malignancies. The increase in incidence of soft tissue sarcomas during the recent decades may predominantly be attributed to AIDS-related Kaposi’s sarcoma; when this tumor is excluded, conclusive evidence for an age-adjusted increase is lacking. Beside the well investigated role of the human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) and the human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) in the tumorigenesis of AIDS-related Kaposi’s sarcoma and several inherited disorders, considerable evidence support a relationship between occupational chemicals as vinyl chloride, phenoxyacetic acid herbicides, chlorphenols, dioxin, medicinal measures as Thorotrast exposure and therapeutic irradiation, and the development of soft tissue sarcoma. Hormones and chronic repair processes are further probably sarcoma-promoting factors. Considering the rarity of soft tissue sarcomas despite the vast portion that soft tissues comprise in the human body, additional knowledge on the tumorigenesis of soft tissue sarcomas might considerably contribute to the understanding of the etiologic pathways of malignant tumors in humans.Weichteilsarkome stellen etwa 1% aller bösartigen Neubildungen. Der in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten beobachtete Inzidenzanstieg geht fast ausschließlich auf die rasante Zunahme an AIDS-assoziierten Kaposi-Sarkomen zurück. Bei Außerachtlassung dieses Tumors gibt es bisher keinen schlüssigen Beweis für eine wirkliche alterskorrigierte Häufigkeitszunahme der Weichteilsarkome. Neben der gut untersuchten Rolle des HIV-1-Virus und des humanen Herpes-Virus 8 bei der Entstehung des AIDS-assoziierten Kaposi-Sarkoms und einigen prädisponierenden genetischen Erkrankungen existieren starke Hinweise für einen Zusammenhang zwischen Industriegiften wie Vinylchlorid, Phenoxyessigsäure-Herbiziden, Chlorphenolen, Dioxinen, medizinischen Maßnahmen wie therapeutischer Bestrahlung oder dem Einsatz von Thorotrast, und der Entwicklung von Weichteilsarkomen. Hormone und chronische Reparaturprozesse sind weitere wahrscheinlich fördernde Einflüsse auf die Entstehung von Weichteilsarkomen. Die Tatsache, daß trotz des großen Anteils, den die Binde- und Stützgewebe an der Körpermasse stellen, nur selten maligne Tumoren von diesen Strukturen ausgehen, läßt hoffen, daß ein besseres Verständnis der an der Kanzerogenese von Weichteilsarkomen beteiligten Mechanismen in der Zukunft wichtige Erkenntnisse über die Entstehung menschlicher Tumoren liefern kann.
Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
7
Henke, E. F. Markus, Katherine E. Wilson e Iain A. Anderson. "Entirely soft dielectric elastomer robots". SPIE, 2017. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A35126.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Multifunctional Dielectric Elastomer (DE) devices are well established as actuators, sensors and energy harvesters. Since the invention of the Dielectric Elastomer Switch (DES), a piezoresistive electrode that can directly switch charge on and off, it has become possible to expand the wide functionality of DE structures even more. We show the application of fully soft DE subcomponents in biomimetic robotic structures.
It is now possible to couple arrays of actuator/switch units together so that they switch charge between themselves on and off. One can then build DE devices that operate as self-controlled oscillators. With an oscillator one can produce a periodic signal that controls a soft DE robot { a DE device with its own DE nervous system. DESs were fabricated using a special electrode mixture, and imprinting technology at an exact pre-strain. We have demonstrated six orders of magnitude change in conductivity within the DES over 50% strain. The control signal can either be a mechanical deformation from another DE or an electrical input to a connected dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA). We have demonstrated a variety of fully soft multifunctional subcomponents that enable the design of autonomous soft robots without conventional electronics. The combination of digital logic structures for basic signal processing, data storage in dielectric elastomer ip-ops and digital and analogue clocks with adjustable frequencies, made of dielectric elastomer oscillators (DEOs), enables fully soft, self-controlled and electronics-free robotic structures.
DE robotic structures to date include stiff frames to maintain necessary pre-strains enabling sufficient actuation of DEAs. Here we present a design and production technology for a first robotic structure consisting only of soft silicones and carbon black.
8
Alorf, Abdulaziz Abdullah. "Primary/Soft Biometrics: Performance Evaluation and Novel Real-Time Classifiers". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/96942.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The relevance of faces in our daily lives is indisputable. We learn to recognize faces as
newborns, and faces play a major role in interpersonal communication. The spectrum of
computer vision research about face analysis includes, but is not limited to, face detection
and facial attribute classification, which are the focus of this dissertation. The face is a
primary biometric because by itself revels the subject's identity, while facial attributes (such
as hair color and eye state) are soft biometrics because by themselves they do not reveal the
subject's identity.
In this dissertation, we proposed a real-time model for classifying 40 facial attributes, which
preprocesses faces and then extracts 7 types of classical and deep features. These features
were fused together to train 3 different classifiers. Our proposed model yielded 91.93%
on the average accuracy outperforming 7 state-of-the-art models. We also developed a
real-time model for classifying the states of human eyes and mouth (open/closed), and the
presence/absence of eyeglasses in the wild. Our method begins by preprocessing a face by
cropping the regions of interest (ROIs), and then describing them using RootSIFT features.
These features were used to train a nonlinear support vector machine for each attribute.
Our eye-state classifier achieved the top performance, while our mouth-state and glasses
classifiers were tied as the top performers with deep learning classifiers.
We also introduced a new facial attribute related to Middle Eastern headwear (called igal)
along with its detector. Our proposed idea was to detect the igal using a linear multiscale
SVM classifier with a HOG descriptor. Thereafter, false positives were discarded using dense
SIFT filtering, bag-of-visual-words decomposition, and nonlinear SVM classification. Due
to the similarity in real-life applications, we compared the igal detector with state-of-the-art
face detectors, where the igal detector significantly outperformed the face detectors with the
lowest false positives. We also fused the igal detector with a face detector to improve the
detection performance.
Face detection is the first process in any facial attribute classification pipeline. As a result,
we reported a novel study that evaluates the robustness of current face detectors based on:
(1) diffraction blur, (2) image scale, and (3) the IoU classification threshold. This study
would enable users to pick the robust face detector for their intended applications.Doctor of Philosophy
The relevance of faces in our daily lives is indisputable. We learn to recognize faces as newborns, and faces play a major role in interpersonal communication. Faces probably represent the most accurate biometric trait in our daily interactions. Thereby, it is not singular that so much effort from computer vision researchers have been invested in the analysis of faces. The automatic detection and analysis of faces within images has therefore received much attention in recent years. The spectrum of computer vision research about face analysis includes, but is not limited to, face detection and facial attribute classification, which are the focus of this dissertation. The face is a primary biometric because by itself revels the subject's identity, while facial attributes (such as hair color and eye state) are soft biometrics because by themselves they do not reveal the subject's identity. Soft biometrics have many uses in the field of biometrics such as (1) they can be utilized in a fusion framework to strengthen the performance of a primary biometric system. For example, fusing a face with voice accent information can boost the performance of the face recognition. (2) They also can be used to create qualitative descriptions about a person, such as being an "old bald male wearing a necktie and eyeglasses." Face detection and facial attribute classification are not easy problems because of many factors, such as image orientation, pose variation, clutter, facial expressions, occlusion, and illumination, among others. In this dissertation, we introduced novel techniques to classify more than 40 facial attributes in real-time. Our techniques followed the general facial attribute classification pipeline, which begins by detecting a face and ends by classifying facial attributes. We also introduced a new facial attribute related to Middle Eastern headwear along with its detector. The new facial attribute were fused with a face detector to improve the detection performance. In addition, we proposed a new method to evaluate the robustness of face detection, which is the first process in the facial attribute classification pipeline. Detecting the states of human facial attributes in real time is highly desired by many applications. For example, the real-time detection of a driver's eye state (open/closed) can prevent severe accidents. These systems are usually called driver drowsiness detection systems. For classifying 40 facial attributes, we proposed a real-time model that preprocesses faces by localizing facial landmarks to normalize faces, and then crop them based on the intended attribute. The face was cropped only if the intended attribute is inside the face region. After that, 7 types of classical and deep features were extracted from the preprocessed faces. Lastly, these 7 types of feature sets were fused together to train three different classifiers. Our proposed model yielded 91.93% on the average accuracy outperforming 7 state-of-the-art models. It also achieved state-of-the-art performance in classifying 14 out of 40 attributes. We also developed a real-time model that classifies the states of three human facial attributes: (1) eyes (open/closed), (2) mouth (open/closed), and (3) eyeglasses (present/absent). Our proposed method consisted of six main steps: (1) In the beginning, we detected the human face. (2) Then we extracted the facial landmarks. (3) Thereafter, we normalized the face, based on the eye location, to the full frontal view. (4) We then extracted the regions of interest (i.e., the regions of the mouth, left eye, right eye, and eyeglasses). (5) We extracted low-level features from each region and then described them. (6) Finally, we learned a binary classifier for each attribute to classify it using the extracted features. Our developed model achieved 30 FPS with a CPU-only implementation, and our eye-state classifier achieved the top performance, while our mouth-state and glasses classifiers were tied as the top performers with deep learning classifiers. We also introduced a new facial attribute related to Middle Eastern headwear along with its detector. After that, we fused it with a face detector to improve the detection performance. The traditional Middle Eastern headwear that men usually wear consists of two parts: (1) the shemagh or keffiyeh, which is a scarf that covers the head and usually has checkered and pure white patterns, and (2) the igal, which is a band or cord worn on top of the shemagh to hold it in place. The shemagh causes many unwanted effects on the face; for example, it usually occludes some parts of the face and adds dark shadows, especially near the eyes. These effects substantially degrade the performance of face detection. To improve the detection of people who wear the traditional Middle Eastern headwear, we developed a model that can be used as a head detector or combined with current face detectors to improve their performance. Our igal detector consists of two main steps: (1) learning a binary classifier to detect the igal and (2) refining the classier by removing false positives. Due to the similarity in real-life applications, we compared the igal detector with state-of-the-art face detectors, where the igal detector significantly outperformed the face detectors with the lowest false positives. We also fused the igal detector with a face detector to improve the detection performance. Face detection is the first process in any facial attribute classification pipeline. As a result, we reported a novel study that evaluates the robustness of current face detectors based on: (1) diffraction blur, (2) image scale, and (3) the IoU classification threshold. This study would enable users to pick the robust face detector for their intended applications. Biometric systems that use face detection suffer from huge performance fluctuation. For example, users of biometric surveillance systems that utilize face detection sometimes notice that state-of-the-art face detectors do not show good performance compared with outdated detectors. Although state-of-the-art face detectors are designed to work in the wild (i.e., no need to retrain, revalidate, and retest), they still heavily depend on the datasets they originally trained on. This condition in turn leads to variation in the detectors' performance when they are applied on a different dataset or environment. To overcome this problem, we developed a novel optics-based blur simulator that automatically introduces the diffraction blur at different image scales/magnifications. Then we evaluated different face detectors on the output images using different IoU thresholds. Users, in the beginning, choose their own values for these three settings and then run our model to produce the efficient face detector under the selected settings. That means our proposed model would enable users of biometric systems to pick the efficient face detector based on their system setup. Our results showed that sometimes outdated face detectors outperform state-of-the-art ones under certain settings and vice versa.
9
Vasenkov, Sergey. "Structure-Transport relationship in organized soft matter systems by diffusion NMR". Diffusion fundamentals 16 (2011) 22, S. 1-2, 2011. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A13754.
Testo completo
10
Hazelbaker, Eric, Aakanksha Katihar, Monica Sanders, Amrish Menjoge e Sergey Vasenkov. "Structure-Transport relationship in organized soft matter systems by diffusion NMR". Diffusion fundamentals 16 (2011) 82, S. 1-10, 2011. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A13827.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In this paper we demonstrate and discuss the potentials of pulsed field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (PFG NMR) at high magnetic field and high magnetic field gradients for uncovering the relationship between the structural and transport properties of soft matter systems. The reported diffusion studies are focused on room temperature ionic liquids and their mixtures with carbon dioxide or water as well as on multicomponent lipid bilayers. Both types of systems exhibit a well-defined structural organization on various length scales. Our experimental approach allows correlating this structural organization with the transport properties. The diffusion data were obtained by proton and carbon-13 PFG NMR. The experimental studies were in some cases complemented by dynamic Monte Carlo simulations.
11
Henke, E. F. Markus, Samuel Schlatter e Iain A. Anderson. "Soft dielectric elastomer oscillators driving bioinspired robots". Mary Ann Liebert, 2017. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A32850.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Entirely soft robots with animal-like behavior and integrated artificial nervous systems will open up totally new perspectives and applications. To produce them we must integrate control and actuation in the same soft structure. Soft actuators (e.g. pneumatic, and hydraulic) exist but electronics are hard and stiff and remotely located. We present novel soft, electronicsfree dielectric elastomer oscillators, able to drive bioinspired robots. As a demonstrator we present a robot that mimics the crawling motion of the caterpillar, with integrated artificial nervous system, soft actuators and without any conventional stiff electronic parts. Supplied with an external DC voltage, the robot autonomously generates all signals necessary to drive its dielectric elastomer actuators, and translates an in-plane electromechanical oscillation into a crawling locomotion movement. Thereby, all functional and supporting parts are made of polymer materials and carbon. Besides the basic design of this first electronic-free, biomimetic robot we present prospects to control the general behavior of such robots. The absence of conventional stiff electronics and the exclusive use of polymeric materials will provide a large step towards real animal-like robots, compliant human machine interfaces and a new class of distributed, neuron-like internal control for robotic systems.
12
Górecka, Źaneta, Juliane Teichmann, Mirko Nitschke, Adrian Chlanda, Emilia Choińska, Carsten Werner e Wojciech Święszkowski. "Biodegradable fiducial markers for X-ray imaging: soft tissue integration and biocompatibility". Royal Society of Chemistry, 2016. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A36063.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study aims at the development of materials for biodegradable fiducial markers for X-ray based medical imaging and their anchorage in soft tissue. Towards this goal a degradable polymer matrix of poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (P[LAcoCL]) was combined with barium sulfate (BaSO₄) and hydroxyapatite (HAp) as radio-opaque fillers. Low pressure plasma treatment was applied to the composite materials to improve cell adhesion and subsequent tissue integration. In particular, the effects of oxygen and ammonia plasmas were evaluated and compared using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and dynamic water contact angle measurements as well as in vitro studies using the murine fibroblast cell line L929. To exclude the cytotoxic effects of degradation products of P[LAcoCL] and released BaSO₄ or HAp cytotoxicity assays with the degradation products of the composite materials were conducted. The results obtained by this broad range of analytical techniques suggest the application of composites of P[LAcoCL] with BaSO₄ and HAp as promising material systems for innovative fiducial markers for soft tissue in X-ray based medical imaging.
13
Grothe, Julia, Florian Wissner, Benjamin Schumm, Giovanni Mondin e Stefan Kaskel. "Precursor strategies for metallic nano- and micropatterns using soft lithography: Review". Royal Society of Chemistry, 2015. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A29056.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Soft lithographic methods describe a set of printing methods which are widely used for the preparation of structured surfaces. Structured surfaces are essential components in the field of (opto-)electronic devices such as organic light emitting diodes, photovoltaics or organic field effect transistors. In recent years, crucial progress has been achieved in the development of patterned metal coatings for these applications. This review focusses on new strategies for soft lithographical printing of metal structures emphasizing the subtle interplay of printing techniques, metal precursor chemistry, and surface functionalization strategies.Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
14
Zubarev, A. Yu, D. N. Chirikov, D. Yu Borin e G. V. Stepanov. "Hysteresis of the magnetic properties of soft magnetic gels". Royal Society of Chemistry, 2016. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A36414.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
We present results of an experimental and theoretical study of the magnetic properties of soft magnetic gels consisting of micron-sized magnetizable particles embedded in a polymer matrix. Experiments demonstrate hysteretic dependences of composite magnetization on an applied magnetic field and non-monotonic, with maximum, dependence of the sample susceptibilities on the field. We propose a theoretical approach which describes the main physical features of these experimental results.
15
Dong, K., D. P. Connolly, O. Laghrouche, P. K. Woodward e Costa P. Alves. "The stiffening of soft soils on railway lines". Elsevier, 2018. https://publish.fid-move.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A73234.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Railway tracks experience elevated rail deflections when the supporting soil is soft and/or the train speed is greater than approximately 50% of the wave propagation velocity in the track-soil system (i.e. the critical velocity). Such vibrations are undesirable, so soil replacement or soil improvement of the natural soil (or alternatively mini-piles or lime-cement treatment) is often used to increase track-ground stiffness prior to line construction. Although areas of existing soft subgrade might be easily identified on a potential new rail route, it is challenging to determine the type and depth of ground remediation required. Therefore, major cost savings can be made by optimising ground replacement/improvement strategies.
This paper presents a numerical railway model, designed for the dynamic analysis of track-ground vibrations induced by high speed rail lines. The model simulates the ground using a thin-layer finite element formulation capable of calculating 3D stresses and strains within the soil during train vehicle passage. The railroad track is modelled using a multi-layered formulation which permits wave propagation in the longitudinal direction, and is coupled with the soil model in the frequency-wavenumber domain. The model is validated using a combination of experimental railway field data, published numerical data and a commercial finite element package. It is shown to predict track and ground behaviour accurately for a range of train speeds.
The railway simulation model is computationally efficient and able to quickly assess dynamic, multi-layered soil response in the presence of ballast and slab track structures. Therefore it is well-suited to analysing the effect of different soil replacement strategies on dynamic track behaviour, which is particularly important when close to critical speed. To show this, three soil-embankment examples are used to compare the effect of different combinations of stiffness improvement (stiffness magnitude and remediation depths up to 5 m) on track behaviour. It is found that improvement strategies must be carefully chosen depending upon the track type and existing subgrade layering configuration. Under certain circumstances, soil improvement can have a negligible effect, or possibly even result in elevated track vibration, which may increase long-term settlement. However, large benefits are possible, and if detailed analysis is performed, it is possible to minimise soil improvement depth with respect to construction cost.
16
Fürthauer, Sebastian. "Active Chiral Processes in Soft Biological Matter". Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-90152.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Biological matter is driven far from thermodynamic equilibrium by active processes on the molecular scale. These processes are usually driven by the chemical reaction of a fuel and generate spontaneous movements and mechanical stresses in the system, even in the absence of external forces or torques. Moreover these active stresses effectively fluidify the material. The cell cytoskeleton, suspensions of swimming microorganisms or tissues are prominent examples of active fluids.
Active processes in biological systems often exhibit chiral asymmetries. Examples are the chirality of cytoskeletal filaments which interact with motor proteins, the chirality of the beat of cilia and flagella as well as the helical trajectories of many biological micro-swimmers. Moreover, large scale chiral flows have been observed in the cell cortex of C. elegans and Xenopus embryos.
Active force generation induces force and torque dipoles in the material. If all forces are internal the total force and torque vanish as required by the conservation of momentum and angular momentum. The density of force dipoles is an active stress in the material. In addition, active chiral processes allow for the existence of active torque dipoles which enter the conservation of angular momentum and generate an active antisymmetric stress and active angular momentum fluxes.
We developed a generic description of active fluids that takes into account active chiral processes and explicitly keeps track of spin and orbital angular momentum densities. We derived constitutive equations for an active chiral fluid based on identifying the entropy production rate from the rate of change of the free energy and linearly expanding thermodynamic fluxes in terms of thermodynamic forces.
We identified four elementary chiral motors that correspond to localized distributions of chiral force and torque dipoles that differ by their symmetry and produce different chiral fluid flows and intrinsic rotation fields.
We employ our theory to analyze different active chiral processes. We first show that chiral flows can occur spontaneously in an active fluid even in the absence of chiral processes. For this we investigate the Taylor-Couette motor, that is an active fluid confined between two concentric cylinders. For sufficiently high active stresses the fluid generates spontaneous rotations of the two cylinders with respect to each other thus breaking the chiral symmetry of the system spontaneously.
We then investigate cases where active chiral processes on the molecular scale break the chiral symmetry of the whole system. We show that chiral flows occur in films of chiral motors and derive a generic theory for thin films of active fluids. We discuss our results in the context of carpets of beating cilia or E. coli swimming close to a surface.
Finally, we discuss chiral flows that are observed in the cellular cortex of the nematode C. elegans at the one cell stage. Two distinct chiral flow events are observed. The first chiral flow event (i) is a screw like chiral rotation of the two cell halves with respect to each other and occurs around 15min after fertilization. This event coincides with the establishment of cortical cell polarity. The second chiral flow event (ii) is a chiral rotation of the entire cell cortex around the anterior posterior axis of the whole cell and occurs around 30min after fertilization. Measuring densities of molecular motors during episode (i) we fit the flow patterns observed using only two fit parameters: the hydrodynamic length and cortical chirality. The flows during (ii) can be understood assuming an increase of the hydrodynamic length. We hypothesize that the cell actively regulates the cortical viscosity and the friction of the cortex with the eggshell and cytosol.
We show that active chiral processes in soft biological matter give rise to interesting new physics and are essential to understand the material properties of many biological systems, such as the cell cortex.
17
Wang, Xiaosheng. "Classification of Cancer and Inference of Cancer-specific Gene Regulatory Networks Based on Gene Expression Profiles Using Soft Computing Rules". 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/120370.
Testo completo
18
Milin, Melita. "›Soft Dictatorship‹ and the Fate of New Music in Serbia, 1945–2000. An Atypical Case". Bärenreiter Verlag, 2012. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A72020.
Testo completo
19
Ding, Huaxiong. "Combining 2D facial texture and 3D face morphology for estimating people's soft biometrics and recognizing facial expressions". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEC061/document.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Puisque les traits de biométrie douce peuvent fournir des preuves supplémentaires pour aider à déterminer précisément l’identité de l’homme, il y a eu une attention croissante sur la reconnaissance faciale basée sur les biométrie douce ces dernières années. Parmi tous les biométries douces, le sexe et l’ethnicité sont les deux caractéristiques démographiques importantes pour les êtres humains et ils jouent un rôle très fondamental dans l’analyse de visage automatique. En attendant, la reconnaissance des expressions faciales est un autre challenge dans le domaine de l’analyse de visage en raison de la diversité et de l’hybridité des expressions humaines dans différentes cultures, genres et contextes. Ce thèse est dédié à combiner la texture du visage 2D et la morphologie du visage 3D pour estimer les biométries douces: le sexe, l’ethnicité, etc., et reconnaître les expressions faciales. Pour la reconnaissance du sexe et de l’ethnicité, nous présentons une approche efficace en combinant à la fois des textures locales et des caractéristiques de forme extraites à partir des modèles de visage 3D, contrairement aux méthodes existantes qui ne dépendent que des textures ou des caractéristiques de forme. Afin de souligne exhaustivement la différence entre les groupes sexuels et ethniques, nous proposons un nouveau descripteur, à savoir local circular patterns (LCP). Ce descripteur améliore Les motifs binaires locaux (LBP) et ses variantes en remplaçant la quantification binaire par une quantification basée sur le regroupement, entraînant d’une puissance plus discriminative et une meilleure résistance au bruit. En même temps, l’algorithme Adaboost est engagé à sélectionner les caractéristiques discriminatives fortement liés au sexe et à l’ethnicité. Les résultats expérimentaux obtenus sur les bases de données FRGC v2.0 et BU-3DFE démontrent clairement les avantages de la méthode proposée. Pour la reconnaissance des expressions faciales, nous présentons une méthode automatique basée sur les multi-modalité 2D + 3D et démontrons sa performance sur la base des données BU-3DFE. Notre méthode combine des textures locales et des descripteurs de formes pour atteindre l’efficacité et la robustesse. Tout d’abord, un grand ensemble des points des caractéristiques d’images 2D et de modèles 3D sont localisés à l’aide d’un nouvel algorithme, à savoir la cascade parallèle incrémentielle de régression linéaire (iPar-CLR). Ensuite, on utilise un nouveau descripteur basé sur les histogrammes des gradients d’ordre secondaire (HSOG) en conjonction avec le descripteur SIFT pour décrire la texture locale autour de chaque point de caractéristique 2D. De même, la géométrie locale autour de chaque point de caractéristique 3D est décrite par deux nouveaux descripteurs de forme construits à l’aide des quantités différentielle de géométries de la surface au premier ordre et au second ordre, à savoir meshHOG et meshHOS. Enfin, les résultats de reconnaissance des descripteurs 2D et 3D fournis par le classifier SVM sont fusionnés à la fois au niveau de fonctionnalité et de score pour améliorer la précision. Les expérimentaux résultats démontrent clairement qu’il existe des caractéristiques complémentaires entre les descripteurs 2D et 3D. Notre approche basée sur les multi-modalités surpasse les autres méthodes de l’état de l’art en obtenant une précision de reconnaissance 86,32%. De plus, une bonne capacité de généralisation est aussi présentée sur la base de données BosphorusSince soft biometrics traits can provide sufficient evidence to precisely determine the identity of human, there has been increasing attention for face based soft biometrics identification in recent years. Among those face based soft biometrics, gender and ethnicity are both key demographic attributes of human beings and they play a very fundamental and important role in automatic machine based face analysis. Meanwhile, facial expression recognition is another challenge problem in face analysis because of the diversity and hybridity of human expressions among different subjects in different cultures, genders and contexts. This Ph.D thesis work is dedicated to combine 2D facial Texture and 3D face morphology for estimating people’s soft biometrics: gender, ethnicity, etc., and recognizing facial expression. For the gender and ethnicity recognition, we present an effective and efficient approach on this issue by combining both boosted local texture and shape features extracted from 3D face models, in contrast to the existing ones that only depend on either 2D texture or 3D shape of faces. In order to comprehensively represent the difference between different genders or ethnics groups, we propose a novel local descriptor, namely local circular patterns (LCP). LCP improves the widely utilized local binary patterns (LBP) and its variants by replacing the binary quantization with a clustering based one, resulting in higher discriminative power as well as better robustness to noise. Meanwhile, the following Adaboost based feature selection finds the most discriminative gender- and ethnic-related features and assigns them with different weights to highlight their importance in classification, which not only further raises the performance but reduces the time and memory cost as well. Experimental results achieved on the FRGC v2.0 and BU-3DFE data sets clearly demonstrate the advantages of the proposed method. For facial expression recognition, we present a fully automatic multi-modal 2D + 3D feature-based facial expression recognition approach and demonstrate its performance on the BU–3DFE database. Our approach combines multi-order gradientbased local texture and shape descriptors in order to achieve efficiency a nd robustness. First, a large set of fiducial facial landmarks of 2D face images along with their 3D face scans are localized using a novel algorithm namely incremental Parallel Cascade of Linear Regression (iPar–CLR). Then, a novel Histogram of Second Order Gradients (HSOG) based local image descriptor in conjunction with the widely used first-order gradient based SIFT descriptor are employed to describe the local texture around each 2D landmark. Similarly, the local geometry around each 3D landmark is described by two novel local shape descriptors constructed using the first-order and the second-order surface differential geometry quantities, i.e., Histogram of mesh Gradients (meshHOG) and Histogram of mesh Shape index (curvature quantization, meshHOS). Finally, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) based recognition results of all 2D and 3D descriptors are fused at both featurelevel and score-level to further improve the accuracy. Comprehensive experimental results demonstrate that there exist impressive complementary characteristics between the 2D and 3D descriptors. We use the BU–3DFE benchmark to compare our approach to the state-of-the-art ones. Our multi-modal feature-based approach outperforms the others by achieving an average recognition accuracy of 86,32%. Moreover, a good generalization ability is shown on the Bosphorus database
20
Hümpfner-Hierl, Heike, Alexander Bohne, Andreas Schaller, Gert Wollny e Thomas Hierl. "Does facial soft tissue protect against zygomatic fractures?" Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-171696.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Introduction: Zygomatic fractures form a major entity in craniomaxillofacial traumatology. Few studies have dealt with biomechanical basics and none with the role of the facial soft tissues. Therefore this study should investigate, whether facial soft tissue plays a protecting role in lateral midfacial trauma.
21
Liu, Shaohua, Faxing Wang, Renhao Dong, Tao Zhang, Jian Zhang, Zhikun Zheng, Yiyong Mai e Xinliang Feng. "Soft-Template Construction of 3D Macroporous Polypyrrole Scaffolds". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-235502.
Testo completo
22
Walther, Julia, Jonas Golde, Lars Kirsten, Florian Tetschke, Franz Hempel, Tobias Rosenauer, Christian Hannig e Edmund Koch. "In vivo imaging of human oral hard and soft tissues by polarizationsensitive optical coherence tomography". SPIE, 2017. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A35308.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Since optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides three-dimensional high-resolution images of biological tissue, the benefit of polarization contrast in the field of dentistry is highlighted in this study. Polarization-sensitive OCT (PS OCT) with phase-sensitive recording is used for imaging dental and mucosal tissues in the human oral cavity in vivo. An enhanced polarization contrast of oral structures is reached by analyzing the signals of the co- and crosspolarized channels of the swept source PS OCT system quantitatively with respect to reflectivity, retardation, optic axis orientation, and depolarization. The calculation of these polarization parameters enables a high tissue-specific contrast imaging for the detailed physical interpretation of human oral hard and soft tissues. For the proof-of-principle, imaging of composite restorations and mineralization defects at premolars as well as gingival, lingual, and labial oral mucosa was performed in vivo within the anterior oral cavity. The achieved contrast-enhanced results of the investigated human oral tissues by means of polarizationsensitive imaging are evaluated by the comparison with conventional intensity-based OCT.
23
Hartig, Jakob, Christian Schänzle e Peter F. Pelz. "Validation of a soft sensor network for condition monitoring in hydraulic systems". Technische Universität Dresden, 2020. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A71201.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
With increasing digitization, models are more important than ever. Especially their use as soft sensors during operation offers opportunities in cost saving, easy data acquisition and therefore additional functionality of systems. In soft sensor networks there is redundant data acquisition and consequently the occurrence of inconsistent values from different soft sensors is encouraged. The resolution of these data-induced conflicts allows for the detection of changing components characteristics. Hence soft sensor networks can be used to detect wear in system components. In this paper this approach is validated on a test rig. It is found, that the soft sensor network is capable to determine wear and its extent in eccentric screw pumps and valves via data induced conflicts with relatively simple models.
24
Bittencourt, Helio Radke. "Detecção de mudanças a partir de imagens de fração". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/36053.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A detecção de mudanças na superfície terrestre é o principal objetivo em aplicações de sensoriamento remoto multitemporal. Sabe-se que imagens adquiridas em datas distintas tendem a ser altamente influenciadas por problemas radiométricos e de registro. Utilizando imagens de fração, obtidas a partir do modelo linear de mistura espectral (MLME), problemas radiométricos podem ser minimizados e a interpretação dos tipos de mudança na superfície terrestre é facilitada, pois as frações têm um significado físico direto. Além disso, interpretações ao nível de subpixel são possíveis. Esta tese propõe três algoritmos – rígido, suave e fuzzy – para a detecção de mudanças entre um par de imagens de fração, gerando mapas de mudança como produtos finais. As propostas requerem a suposição de normalidade multivariada para as diferenças de fração e necessitam de pouca intervenção por parte do analista. A proposta rígida cria mapas de mudança binários seguindo a mesma metodologia de um teste de hipóteses, baseando-se no fato de que os contornos de densidade constante na distribuição normal multivariada são definidos por valores da distribuição qui-quadrado, de acordo com a escolha do nível de confiança. O classificador suave permite gerar estimativas da probabilidade do pixel pertencer à classe de mudança, a partir de um modelo de regressão logística. Essas probabilidades são usadas para criar um mapa de probabilidades de mudança. A abordagem fuzzy é aquela que melhor se adapta ao conceito de pixel mistura, visto que as mudanças no uso e cobertura do solo podem ocorrer em nível de subpixel. Com base nisso, mapas dos graus de pertinência à classe de mudança foram criados. Outras ferramentas matemáticas e estatísticas foram utilizadas, tais como operações morfológicas, curvas ROC e algoritmos de clustering. As três propostas foram testadas utilizando-se imagens sintéticas e reais (Landsat-TM) e avaliadas qualitativa e quantitativamente. Os resultados indicam a viabilidade da utilização de imagens de fração em estudos de detecção de mudanças por meio dos algoritmos propostos.Land cover change detection is a major goal in multitemporal remote sensing applications. It is well known that images acquired on different dates tend to be highly influenced by radiometric differences and registration problems. Using fraction images, obtained from the linear model of spectral mixing (LMSM), radiometric problems can be minimized and the interpretation of changes in land cover is facilitated because the fractions have a physical meaning. Furthermore, interpretations at the subpixel level are possible. This thesis presents three algorithms – hard, soft and fuzzy – for detecting changes between a pair of fraction images. The algorithms require multivariate normality for the differences among fractions and very little intervention by the analyst. The hard algorithm creates binary change maps following the same methodology of hypothesis testing, based on the fact that the contours of constant density are defined by chi-square values, according to the choice of the probability level. The soft one allows for the generation of estimates of the probability of each pixel belonging to the change class by using a logistic regression model. These probabilities are used to create a map of change probabilities. The fuzzy approach is the one that best fits the concept behind the fraction images because the changes in land cover can occurr at a subpixel level. Based on these algorithms, maps of membership degrees were created. Other mathematical and statistical techniques were also used, such as morphological operations, ROC curves and a clustering algorithm. The algorithms were tested using synthetic and real images (Landsat-TM) and the results were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The results indicate that fraction images can be used in change detection studies by using the proposed algorithms.
25
Krause, Stefan. "Optical Investigation of Single Fluorophores and their Application as Sensitive Probes in Soft Matter Science". Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-166118.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Im Mittelpunkt dieser Arbeit steht die Verwendung verschiedener Fluoreszenzfarbstoffe in Form photostabiler Perylenbisimide sowie etallischer Nanopartikel zur Untersuchung von Polymeren und nanoskopischen Flüssigkeitsfilmen. Einzelmoleküluntersuchungen zeigen, dass eine chemische Modifizierung der Farbstoffe durch löslichkeitserhöhende Seitengruppen, Molekülkonformationen mit stark variierenden Emissionswellenlängen je nach Seitengruppen-orientierung zur Folge hat. Zeitabhängige Fluoreszenzmessungen an einzelnen Molekülen ermöglichen eine direkte Beobachtung von Übergängen zwischen diesen molekularen Konformationen deren Dynamik vorwiegend durch die Eigenschaften der umgebenden Polymermatrix bestimmt wird. Die gewonnenen Ergebnisse lassen somit Rückschlüsse auf die nanoskopische Umgebung des Moleküls zu. Es werden diskrete Zustände innerhalb der Molekülumgebung sowie eine erhöhte Konformationsdynamik im Falle von alkylsubstituierten Perylenbisimiden beobachtet. Darüber hinaus werden die nanoskopischen Auswirkungen von makroskopischen, mechanischen Deformationen auf amorphe Polymerfilme mikrorheologisch mit Hilfe von stäbchenförmigen Perylenbisimiden studiert. Die gewonnenen Einzelmoleküldaten ermöglichen die Berechnung der lokalen, mikroskopischen Deformation sowie der Orientierung der Sondenmoleküle, welche gut mit einem Model für stäbchenförmige Objekte in einem uniaxial deformierten Kontinuum übereinstimmt. In weiteren Experimenten gelingt der Nachweis ultradünner Wasserfilme auf SiO2-Oberflächen durch Messung der Diffusion von Silbernanopartikeln. Die verwendeten Nanopartikel weisen hierbei eine monodisperse Größenverteilung im Bereich von einem Nanometer als Resultat ihrer Synthese in Y-Zeolith-Kristallen auf. Die Untersuchungen ergeben eine Filmdickenabhängigkeit des Diffusionsverhaltens sowie einen starken Einfluss durch Oberflächensilanisierung bzw. Hydroxylierung.
26
Pan, Min, Zhe Hao, Chenggang Yuan e Andrew Plummer. "Development and control of smart pneumatic mckibben muscles for soft robots". Technische Universität Dresden, 2020. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A71262.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Animals exploit soft structures to move smoothly and effectively in complex natural environments. These capabilities have inspired robotic engineers to incorporate soft actuating technologies into their designs. Developing soft muscle-like actuation technology is one of the grand challenges in the creation of soft-body robots that can move, deform their body, and modulate body stiffness. This paper presents the development of smart pneumatic McKibben muscles woven and reinforced by using conductive
insulated wires to equip the muscles with an inherent sensing capability, in which the deformation of the muscles can be effectively measured by calculating the change of wire inductance. Sensing performance of a variety of weaving angles is investigated. The ideal McKibben muscle models are used for analysing muscle performance and sensing accuracy. The experimental results show that the contraction of the muscles is proportional to the measured change of inductance. This relationship is applied to a PID control system to control the contraction of smart muscles in simulation, and good control performance is achieved. The creation of smart muscles with an inherent sensing capability and a good controllability is promising for operation of future soft robots.
27
Täuber, Daniela. "Characterization of heterogeneous diffusion in confined soft matter". Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-77658.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A new method, probability distribution of diffusivities (time scaled square displacements between succeeding video frames), was developed to analyze single molecule tracking (SMT) experiments. This method was then applied to SMT experiments on ultrathin liquid tetrakis(2-ethylhexoxy)silane (TEHOS) films on Si wafer with 100 nm thermally grown oxide, and on thin semectic liquid crystal films. Spatial maps of diffusivities from SMT experiments on 220 nm thick semectic liquid crystal films reveal structure related dynamics. The SMT experiments on ultrathin TEHOS films were complemented by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). The observed strongly heterogeneous single molecule dynamics within those films can be explained by a three-layer model consisting of (i) dye molecules adsorbed to the substrate, (ii) slowly diffusing molecules in the laterally heterogeneous near-surface region of 1 - 2 molecular diameters, and (iii) freely diffusing dye molecules in the upper region of the film. FCS and SMT experiments reveal a strong influence of substrate heterogeneity on SM dynamics. Thereby chemisorption to substrate surface silanols plays an important role. Vertical mean first passage times (mfpt) in those films are below 1 µs. This appears as fast component in FCS autocorrelation curves, which further contain a contribution from lateral diffusion and from adsorption events. Therefore, the FCS curves are approximated by a tri-component function, which contains an exponential term related to the mfpt, the correlation function for translational diffusion and a stretched exponential term for the broad distribution of adsorption events. Lateral diffusion coefficients obtained by FCS on 10 nm thick TEHOS films, thereby, are effective diffusion coefficients from dye transients in the focal area. They strongly depend on the substrate heterogeneity. Variation of the frame times for the acquisition of SMT experiments in steps of 20 ms from 20 ms to 200 ms revealed a strong dependence of the corresponding probability distributions of diffusivities on time, in particular in the range between 20 ms and 100 ms. This points to average dwell times of the dye molecules in at least one type of the heterogeneous regions (e.g. on and above silanol clusters) in the range of few tens of milliseconds.
Furthermore, time series of SM spectra from Nile Red in 25 nm thick poly-n-alkyl-methacrylate (PnAMA) films were studied. In analogy to translational diffusion, spectral diffusion (shifts in energetic positions of SM spectra) can be studied by probability distributions of spectral diffusivities, i.e. time scaled square energetic displacements. Simulations were run and analyzed to study contributions from noise and fitting uncertainty to spectral diffusion. Furthermore the effect of spectral jumps during acquisition of a SM spectrum was investigated. Probability distributions of spectral diffusivites of Nile Red probing vitreous PnAMA films reveal a two-level system. In contrast, such probability distributions obtained from Nile Red within a 25 nm thick poly-n-butylmethacrylate film around glass transition and in the melt state, display larger spectral jumps. Moreover, for longer alkyl side chains a solvent shift to higher energies is observed, which supports the idea of nanophase separation within those polymers.
28
Daubner, Dirk, Stephanie Spieth, Jessica Pablik, Tobias Paulus, Michael Laniado e Klaus Zöphel. "Hibernoma – two patients with a rare lipoid soft-tissue tumour". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-173673.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background: Hibernomas are rare benign soft-tissue tumours arising from brown fat tissue. Although imaging
characteristics are not specific certain imaging features, common locations and patient demographics may suggest
hibernoma as a differential diagnosis.
Case presentation: We report on two 48-year-old male patients with hibernoma. The tumour presented with local
swelling of the inguinal region in the first patient and was an incidental imaging finding in the second patient. Imaging
included magnetic resonance imaging in both patients and computed tomography as well as 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose
positron emission tomography-computed tomography in the second patient. In both cases histological diagnosis was
initially based on excisional and needle core biopsy, respectively. Complete surgical resection confirmed the diagnosis
of hibernoma thereafter.
Conclusion: In soft tissue tumours with fatty components hibernoma may be included into the differential diagnosis.
Because of the risk of sampling errors in hibernoma-like tissue components of myxoid and well-differentiated liposarcoma,
complete resection is mandatory. This article also reviews the current imaging literature of hibernomas.
29
Waddell, Erin. "Chemometric Applications to a Complex Classification Problem: Forensic Fire Debris Analysis". Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5883.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Fire debris analysis currently relies on visual pattern recognition of the total ion chromatograms, extracted ion profiles, and target compound chromatograms to identify the presence of an ignitable liquid according to the ASTM International E1618-10 standard method. For large data sets, this methodology can be time consuming and is a subjective method, the accuracy of which is dependent upon the skill and experience of the analyst. This research aimed to develop an automated classification method for large data sets and investigated the use of the total ion spectrum (TIS). The TIS is calculated by taking an average mass spectrum across the entire chromatographic range and has been shown to contain sufficient information content for the identification of ignitable liquids. The TIS of ignitable liquids and substrates, defined as common building materials and household furnishings, were compiled into model data sets. Cross-validation (CV) and fire debris samples, obtained from laboratory-scale and large-scale burns, were used to test the models. An automated classification method was developed using computational software, written in-house, that considers a multi-step classification scheme to detect ignitable liquid residues in fire debris samples and assign these to the classes defined in ASTM E1618-10. Classifications were made using linear discriminant analysis, quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA), and soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA). Overall, the highest correct classification rates were achieved using QDA for the first step of the scheme and SIMCA for the remaining steps. In the first step of the classification scheme, correct classification rates of 95.3% and 89.2% were obtained for the CV test set and fire debris samples, respectively. Correct classifications rates of 100% were achieved for both data sets in the majority of the remaining steps which used SIMCA for classification. In this research, the first statistically valid error rates for fire debris analysis have been developed through cross-validation of large data sets. The error rates reduce the subjectivity associated with the current methods and provide a level of confidence in sample classification that does not currently exist in forensic fire debris analysis.Ph.D.
Doctorate
Chemistry
Sciences
Chemistry
30
Bui, Tien Dung. "New Segmented Block Copolymers Based on Hard and Soft Segments Using Selectively Reacting Bifunctional Coupling Agents". Doctoral thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, 2006. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A24966.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In the project, our purpose is the synthesis of segmented block copolymers using novel selectively reacting bi-functional coupling agents which have recently been developed by Jakisch at al. Both couplers have one oxazoline group that reacts with carboxylic groups and one oxazinone group that reacts with hydroxyl or amino groups. It was intended to synthesize segmented block copolymers by combination of amino or hydroxyl terminated pre-polymers and carboxylic terminated chain extenders using the above mentioned coupling agents. Several prepolymers were selected such as hydroxyl terminated liquid polybutadiene (PBD-OH), hydroxyl terminated liquid natural rubber (LNR) and amino terminated liquid polybutadiene-b-acrylonitrile (PBAN) and poly(propylene glycol)-bis(2-aminopropylether) (PPO). They were selected as soft polymer segments in the segmented block copolymers aimed for. Additionally, various di-carboxylic acids were chosen as chain extenders. The resulting block copolymers are phase separated materials with a crystalline hard phase. This was demonstrated by two glass transition temperatures corresponding to the soft and hard segments and various melting regions of the hard chain extenders. For these new materials, the controlled phase separation morphology in nano-size was evidenced by TEM. A hard domain size of about 2-5 nm surrounded by a soft matrix was observed on the micro-photographs. This is consistent with the low hard segment content and the segment alternation (A-B)n in multi-block copolymers. With respect to the mechanical properties, a relationship between tensile strength and the average molar mass of the block copolymers was found out. The samples behave as rubber-like thermoplastic materials. The tensile properties depend on the degree of polymerization and the polymer distribution. The reinforcement ability of the hard domains in a physical network was achieved as expected. As a consequence, the obtained final products have mechanical properties like a typical elastomeric material.
31
Scholze, Mario, Aqeeda Singh, Pamela F. Lozano, Benjamin Ondruschka, Maziar Ramezani, Michael Werner e Niels Hammer. "Utilization of 3D printing technology to facilitate and standardize soft tissue testing". Nature Publishing Group, 2018. https://monarch.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A31244.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Three-dimensional (3D) printing has become broadly available and can be utilized to customize clamping mechanisms in biomechanical experiments. This report will describe our experience using 3D printed clamps to mount soft tissues from different anatomical regions. The feasibility and potential limitations of the technology will be discussed. Tissues were sourced in a fresh condition, including human skin, ligaments and tendons. Standardized clamps and fixtures were 3D printed and used to mount specimens. In quasi-static tensile tests combined with digital image correlation and fatigue trials we characterized the applicability of the clamping technique. Scanning electron microscopy was utilized to evaluate the specimens to assess the integrity of the extracellular matrix following the mechanical tests. 3D printed clamps showed no signs of clamping-related failure during the quasi-static tests, and intact extracellular matrix was found in the clamping area, at the transition clamping area and the central area from where the strain data was obtained. In the fatigue tests, material slippage was low, allowing for cyclic tests beyond 105 cycles. Comparison to other clamping techniques yields that 3D printed clamps ease and expedite specimen handling, are highly adaptable to specimen geometries and ideal for high-standardization and high-throughput experiments in soft tissue biomechanics.
32
Ngo, Thanh Binh. "Design and creation of control board for drying equipment based on development of a soft self-tuning PID controller". Technische Universität Dresden, 2018. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A32721.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This article introduces a versatile control board design that can be used in many drying systems using direct heat transfer solutions in combination with static tray distribution based on development of a flexible self-tuning PID controller. The product is applied for a small oven drying solid waste samples or plant materials for further analysis of some parameters. The control board is built based on the Arduino embedded system using a flexible soft PID (Proportional–Integral–Derivative) controller that can automatically change its gains according to the required temperature thresholds to best meet the setpoint of temperatures. The system has a small steady-state error (SSE), fast response to the setpoints and keep stable with temperature deviation when reaching the required threshold around ± 0.5 0C. In addition, the controller board can operate in a variety of modes, including direct temperature operation, pre-set operation, and switching mode.Bài báo này giới thiệu một thiết kế mạch điều khiển đa năng có thể áp dụng trong nhiều hệ thống sấy sử dụng các giải pháp truyền nhiệt trực tiếp kết hợp phân phối khí kiểu khay tĩnh trên cơ sở phát triển bộ điều khiển PID mềm tự chỉnh linh hoạt. Sản phẩm được ứng dụng cho một mô hình lò nhỏ sấy mẫu chất thải rắn hoặc mẫu thực vật phục vụ các nghiên cứu phân tích thành phần một số chất. Mạch điều khiển được chế tạo trên nền tảng hệ thống nhúng Arduino sử dụng bộ điều khiển PID mềm linh hoạt, có khả năng tự động thay đổi tham số theo ngưỡng nhiệt yêu cầu để đáp ứng nhiệt độ tốt nhất so với ngưỡng nhiệt độ đặt. Hệ thống có độ quá điều chỉnh nhỏ, nhanh đáp ứng tới các ngưỡng đặt và giữ ổn định với sai lệch nhiệt độ khi đạt ngưỡng yêu cầu trong khoảng ±10C. Ngoài ra, bộ điều khiển còn có thể hoạt động theo nhiều chế độ khác nhau, bao gồm hoạt động theo chế độ đặt nhiệt độ trực tiếp, hoạt động theo chu trình đặt trước, và chuyển chế độ hoàn toàn tự động.
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Yang, Sheng-Chieh, Ji-Ling Hou, Andreas Finn, Amit Kumar, Yang Ge e Wolf-Joachim Fischer. "Synthesis of multifunctional plasmonic nanopillar array using soft thermal nanoimprint lithography for highly sensitive refractive index sensing". Royal Society of Chemistry, 2015. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A36330.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A low-cost plasmonic nanopillar array was synthesized using soft thermal nanoimprint lithography, and its sensitivity was determined through far-field spectroscopic measurements. Its transmission spectrum was highly dependent on the refractive index of the surrounding medium, with its sensitivity being 375 nm per refractive index unit according to the spectral shift. Moreover, a simple sensor whose reflected color changed with a change in the plasma frequency on varying the surrounding medium was fabricated.
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Krieghoff, Gabriele. "Anbauverfahren für Beerenobst - Entwicklung wirtschaftlicher Anbauverfahren zur Erzeugung von Beerenobst mit optimaler Fruchtqualität". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-23891.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Das Landesamt für Umwelt, Landwirtschaft und Geologie verglich verschiedene Anbauverfahren bei Brombeeren, Himbeeren, Johannisbeeren und Stachelbeeren mit und ohne Regenschutzüberdachung. Die Untersuchungen wurden in den Jahren 2004 bis 2008 im Obstgut Jentzsch in Bosewitz/Sachsen in einer Beerenobstversuchsanlage durchgeführt.
Die Vermarktung erfolgte über eine Erzeugerorganisation.
Die Erträge bei Himbeeren waren bei allen Anbauvarianten und Sorten zu gering und der Anbau dadurch nicht wirtschaftlich. Die Ursache der geringen Erträge waren ungünstige Witterungsbedingungen, der Befall mit Himbeerrutengallmücke und pilzlichen Schaderregern. Eine Regenschutzüberdachung kann für Himbeeren derzeit nicht empfohlen werden.
Der Brombeeranbau war mit der verwendeten Anbaumethode und den Sorten »Loch Ness« und »Chester Thornless« sowohl im Freiland als auch unter einer Überdachung wirtschaftlich. Eine Überdachung für Brombeeren wird empfohlen.
Bei Stachelbeeren und Johannisbeeren ist sowohl unter einer Überdachung als auch im Freiland ein wirtschaftlicher Anbau möglich. Zur Produktion qualitativ hochwertiger Ware ist die eintriebige Spindelerziehung gut geeignet. Eine Regenschutzüberdachung wird bei Stachelbeeren derzeit nicht empfohlen. Bei Johannisbeeren wird eine Überdachung nur bei spät reifenden Sorten wie »Rovada«, wenn diese für eine Lagerung vorgesehen sind, empfohlen.
35
Maurer, Patrick, Antonia Christine Raida, Ernst Lücker e Sander Münster. "Visual media as a tool to acquire soft skills — cross-disciplinary teaching-learning project SUFUvet". TUDpress, 2016. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A33985.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose – SUFUvet is a cross-disciplinary teaching-learning project designed to adapt students’ soft skills and track usability and the concrete surplus value of work techniques in the field of visual media design.
Design/methodology/approach – For SUFUvet, a collaboration between the Institute of Food Hygiene/University of Leipzig and the Media Center/Technische Universität Dresden was initiated. Bachelor students of media informatics generate 3D visualisations in the framework of SCRUM: Undergraduate veterinary students issue instructions in order to create an e-learning class. During the project, questionnaires, group discussions, and feedback methods are used to detect changes in selected soft skills.
Originality/value – This design is meant to increase knowledge and employability by adapting student’s media, communication, and project management competences. Using SCRUM appears to be a new approach, not only in the field of programming, but for media production as well. Additionally, it offers an interdisciplinary work environment, which is rare but considered fruitful within university studies.
Practical implications – The outcomes of the application are a 3D-visualised meat inspection e-learning class for veterinary students plus a documentation of SCRUM as a framework for visual media design. It is seen as an experiment for future applications in a variety of cross-disciplinary learning and media design cases.
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Köhler, Claudia. "Sonographische Untersuchung und Dickenmessung des weichen Gaumens beim Hund". Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-144811.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In der Veterinärmedizin existieren nur wenige Veröffentlichungen zur, in der Humanmedizin weitgehend etablierten, Sonographie des Oropharynx. Da vor allem bei brachyzephalen Hunden das Ausmaß der Hyperplasie der oropharyngalen Weichteile, insbesondere des weichen Gaumens, von großem diagnostischen Interesse ist, wird nach Möglichkeiten zur wenig invasiven Untersuchung dieser Region am wachen Patienten gesucht. So war es Ziel dieser kumulativen Dissertation die Grundlagen der sonographischen Untersuchungs- und Messmethode am weichen Gaumen zu erarbeiten. Die Darstellung der sonographischen Anatomie des weichen Gaumens und der Umgebung erfolgte in der ersten Studie an sieben Tierkörpern normozephaler Hunderassen. Die transkutane Untersuchung erfolgte bei submentaler Schallkopfauflage. Zudem kamen speziell geformte Schallköpfe zur direkten Auflage auf den weichen Gaumen in einer intraoralen Untersuchung zum Einsatz. Zur Erleichterung der Identifizierung der anatomischen Strukturen wurden Wasserbad- und sequentielle Ultraschalluntersuchungen im Anschluss an submentale Weichteilpräparationen des Maulhöhlenbodens durchgeführt. Unter Herstellung des Gewebekontaktes zwischen Zunge und weichem Gaumens bei submentaler Schallkopfauflage, gelang die transkutane sonographische Darstellung des weichen Gaumens im kranialen und mittleren Bereich. Der weiche Gaumen wies eine mondsichelähnliche Form und eine geringe Echogenität auf. Als charakteristisch zeigte sich der Übergang von hartem zu weichem Gaumen, die Darstellung des kaudalen Anteils des Gaumensegels ist aufgrund der umgebenen Luft und Überlagerung mit dem Zungenbein nur eingeschränkt möglich. Die intraorale Untersuchung erlaubte die Darstellung der gaumenspezifischen Echotextur.
In der zweiten Studie wurde an 15 normozephalen Hunden in Allgemeinanästhesie die Dicke der Gaumensegel sowohl sonographisch als auch computertomographisch an zwei definierten Messpunkten bestimmt. Die Übereinstimmung der Ergebnisse von wiederholten Messungen mit der jeweiligen Messmethode wurde geprüft. Die wiederholten Messungen erzielten sehr gute Übereinstimmungen (Mean absolute deviation von 0), so dass davon ausgegangen werden kann, dass sowohl die Sonographie als auch die CT reproduzierbare Messungen ermöglicht. Im Messmethodenvergleich wurden die Messergebnisse, die mit den unterschiedlichen Messverfahren (Ultraschall und CT) gewonnen wurden, in der Bland-Altman Auswertung miteinander verglichen. Es waren Abweichungen für beide Messpunkte zu verzeichnen, wobei der Mittelwert der Abweichung vor allem für den zweiten Messpunkt mit 0,31 cm als hoch anzusehen ist. Der Mittelwert der Abweichung fällt am ersten Messpunkt mit 0,08 cm geringer aus. Die klinisch relevanten Abweichungen wurden als Folge der zwischen beiden Messmethoden variierenden Untersuchungsbedingungen, insbesondere der abweichenden Patientenlagerung, interpretiert. Sonographie und CT sind damit, trotz guter Reliabilität des einzelnen Verfahrens, als nicht austauschbare Methoden zur Gaumensegeldickenmessung anzusehen.
Die transkutane Sonographie ermöglichte, unter den geschilderten Untersuchungs-bedingungen, erstmals eine Darstellung des kranialen und mittleren Anteils des weichen Gaumens. Der kaudale Anteil des Gaumensegels konnte nicht identifiziert werden. Die Sonographie birgt, nach Ermittlung entsprechender Referenzbereiche, das Potential einer nichtinvasiven, schnellen Untersuchungsmethode zur Vermessung der Gaumensegeldicke am wachen Hund.
37
Eklind, Anna. "Företags investeringsutgifter för datorprogram : en inkomstskatterättslig analys". Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1861.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The legal situation of companies costs for investing in computer software in an income tax law perspective is described by a tax law guidance that generelly acount these costs according the principles of research and development. If there is any reason to classify the costs differently, it could mean that immediate deduction not will be allowed. For this reason it is important to establish what the legal situation would be in a more nuanced tax law classification. The tax law categories that will be analysed in the thesis are research and development, inventories, intangible assets, stocks and ongoing projects. The purpose of this thesis is mainly to give examples of what such an income tax law classification can look like.While dealing with the problems of classifying the costs some situations of competition will occure. My conclusion is that it is important to bring out the multiplicity and the comlpexity that marks the legal situation in question. In each specific case yet some situations can occure that I haven’t been close to border on. The income tax law classification of companies costs in computer software shall be descided with the very purpose of the specific investment in mind and as only parameter.
38
Büttner, Enrico, Anna Maria Gebauer, Martin Hofrichter, Christiane Liers e Harald Kellner. "Draft Genome Sequence of the Wood-Degrading Ascomycete Kretzschmaria deusta DSM 104547". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-232677.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
We report here the draft genome of Kretzschmaria (Ustulina) deusta, an ascomycetous fungus that colonizes and substantially degrades hardwood and can infest living broad-leaved trees. The genome was assembled into 858 contigs, with a total size of 46.5 Mb, and 11,074 protein-coding genes were predicted.
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Stoica, Mihai. "Casting and characterization of Fe-(Cr,Mo,Ga)-(P,C,B) soft magnetic bulk metallic glasses". Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2005. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1134119175311-08460.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The ferromagnetic bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) started to be investigated only in the last 10 years.They are difficult to cast, but their properties are uniques. The work deals with casting, mechanical and soft magnetic properties of new Fe-based BMGs. Such alloys can be cast directly in samples with various geometries and they can be use as magnetic parts in different devices.
40
Rajabasadi, Fatemeh, Lukas Schwarz, Mariana Medina-Sánchez e Oliver G. Schmidt. "3D and 4D lithography of untethered microrobots". Elsevier, 2021. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A75414.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In the last decades, additive manufacturing (AM), also called three-dimensional (3D) printing, has advanced micro/nano-fabrication technologies, especially in applications like lightweight engineering, optics, energy, and biomedicine. Among these 3D printing technologies, two-photon polymerization (TPP) offers the highest resolution (even at the nanometric scale), reproducibility and the possibility to create monolithically 3D complex structures with a variety of materials (e.g. organic and inorganic, passive and active). Such active materials change their shape upon an applied stimulus or degrade over time at certain conditions making them dynamic and reconfigurable (also called 4D printing). This is particularly interesting in the field of medical microrobotics as complex functions such as gentle interactions with biological samples, adaptability when moving in small capillaries, controlled cargo-release profiles, and protection of the encapsulated cargoes, are required. Here we review the physics, chemistry and engineering principles of TPP, with some innovations that include the use of micromolding and microfluidics, and explain how this fabrication schemes provide the microrobots with additional features and application opportunities. The possibility to create microrobots using smart materials, nano- and biomaterials, for in situ chemical reactions, biofunctionalization, or imaging is also put into perspective. We categorize the microrobots based on their motility mechanisms, function, and architecture, and finally discuss the future directions of this field of research.
41
Weiss, Martin. "Evoluční model s učením (LEM) pro optimalizační úlohy". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-236983.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Numerical optimization of multimodal or otherwise nontrivial functions has stayed around the peak of the interest of many researchers for a long time. One of the promising methods that appeared is the hybrid approach of the Learnable Evolution Model that combines the well-established ways of artificial intelligence and machine learning with recently popular and efective methods of evolutionary programming. In this work, the method itself was reviewed with respect to what has been already implemented and tested and several possible new implementations of the method were proposed and some of them consequently implemented. The resulting program was then tested against a set of chosen nontrivial real-valued functions and its results were compared to those achieved with EDA algorithms.
42
Schleifenbaum, Stefan, Torsten Prietzel, Gabriela Aust, Andreas Boldt, Sebastian Fritsch, Isabel Keil, Holger Koch et al. "Acellularization-induced changes in tensile properties are organ specific". Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-204096.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Introduction: Though xenogeneic acellular scaffolds are frequently used for surgical reconstruction, knowledge of their mechanical properties is lacking. This study compared the mechanical, histological and ultrastructural properties of various native and acellular specimens. Materials and methods: Porcine esophagi, ureters and skin were tested mechanically in a native or acellular condition, focusing on the elastic modulus, ultimate tensile stress and maximum strain. The testing protocol for soft tissues was standardized, including the adaption of the tissue’s water content and partial plastination to minimize material slippage as well as templates for normed sample dimensions and precise cross-section measurements. The native and acellular tissues were compared at the microscopic and ultrastructural level with a focus on type I collagens. Results: Increased elastic modulus and ultimate tensile stress values were quantified in acellular esophagi and ureters compared to the native condition. In contrast, these values were strongly decreased in the skin after acellularization. Acellularization-related decreases in maximum strain were found in all tissues. Type I collagens were well-preserved in these samples; however, clotting and a loss of cross-linking type I collagens was observed ultrastructurally. Elastins and fibronectins were preserved in the esophagi and ureters. A
loss of the epidermal layer and decreased fibronectin content was present in the skin. Discussion: Acellularization induces changes in the tensile properties of soft tissues. Some of these changes appear to be organ specific. Loss of cross-linking type I collagen may indicate increased mechanical strength due to decreasing transverse forces acting upon the scaffolds, whereas fibronectin loss may be related to decreased load-bearing capacity. Potentially, the alterations in tissue mechanics are linked to organ function and to the interplay of cells and the extracellular matrix, which is different in hollow organs when compared to skin.
43
Geithner, Silke, e Daniela Menzel. "Effectiveness of Learning Through Experience and Reflection in a Project Management Simulation". Sage, 2016. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A35394.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Aim. In close cooperation with an international automotive supplier we developed the “C2” business simulation game in order to meet real work practice needs. Based on the example of a site-location decision and the setup of a new factory in China, the participants of the game experienced the challenges of an interdisciplinary project team as well as project management in complex and rapidly changing situations. During the game we used the creative learning method LEGO® Serious Play®,1 which helps to express different understandings through hands-on modelling. The aim of the game is to acquire and improve both technical project management knowledge and soft skills of the participants.
Method. In total, 47 students participated in one of six two-day game sessions. They reported self-perceptions about their skill level through pre- and postgame questionnaires. Further data were collected during the simulation game based on observations, lessons learned reflections of the participants and evaluation questionnaires.
Results. Results from our pre- and post-game self-assessment questionnaires show that the “C2” business simulation game improves not only conceptual knowledge about project management but also team working and the participants’ other soft skills. Results indicate that the students’ reactions to the simulation game were positive, and students felt that the LEGO Serious Play method helped them to better cope with challenges of teamwork, influences of stakeholders, risk factors and unpredictable project situations.
Conclusion. These results suggest that our business simulation game has the potential to be an effective learning and training tool to provide students with relevant skills necessary for project managers. By giving students the opportunity to act in an authentic scenario based on a real project case, we can support their action-oriented as well as their trial-and-error learning, or in short their learning through experience.
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Bouillon, Dorothée Brousset Marie-Laure. "Classification la logique et le langage sont-ils liés? /". Tours : SCD de l'université de Tours, 2007. http://www.applis.univ-tours.fr/scd/Orthophonie/2007ortho_bouillon_brousset.pdf.
Testo completo
45
Chen, Zewei. "Authentication of Complex Botanical Materials by Chemometrics and Chemical Profiling". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1617010785195628.
Testo completo
46
Al-Liabi, Majda Majeed. "Computational support for learners of Arabic". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/computational-support-for-learners-of-arabic(abd20b76-3ba2-4e11-8aa5-459ec6d8d7d2).html.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis documents the use of Natural Language Processing (NLP) in Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) and its contribution to the learning experience of students studying Arabic as a foreign language. The goal of this project is to build an Intelligent Computer Assisted Language Learning (ICALL) system that provides computational assistance to learners of Arabic by teaching grammar, producing homework and issuing students with immediate feedback. To produce this system we use the Parasite system, which produces morphological, syntactic and semantic analysis of textual input, and extend it to provide error detection and diagnosis. The methodology we adopt involves relaxing constraints on unification so that correct information contained in a badly formed sentence may still be used to obtain a coherent overall analysis. We look at a range of errors, drawn from experience with learners at various levels, covering word internal problems (addition of inappropriate affixes, failure to apply morphotactic rules properly) and problems with relations between words (local constraints on features, and word order problems). As feedback is an important factor in learning, we look into different types of feedback that can be used to evaluate which is the most appropriate for the aim of our system.
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Lehnert, Anna. "Establishment of the physical and technical prerequisites for the determination of the relative biological effectiveness of low-energy monochromatic X-rays". Doctoral thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=979444632.
Testo completo
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Röntzsch, Silke. "Bohrtechnische Erschließung submariner Gashydratlagerstätten". Doctoral thesis, Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg Universitaetsbibliothek "Georgius Agricola", 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:105-qucosa-147223.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Gashydratlagerstätten sind in Permafrostgebieten und unter dem Meeresboden zu finden. Das energetische Potential der weltweiten Gashydratvorkommen, vor allem im submarinen Bereich, ist enorm. Derzeit existiert aber noch keine Technologie mit der sie kommerziell erschlossen werden können.
Die größten Herausforderungen bei der bohrtechnischen Erschließung submariner Gashydratlagerstätten werden in der Richtbohrtechnik in geringverfestigten Sedimenten, der Bohrlochstabilität, der Einhaltung eines sehr engen Druckfensters sowie in der Vermeidung ungewollter Dissoziationsvorgänge während des Bohrprozesses gesehen. In der Arbeit werden mögliche Ansätze für die bohrtechnische Erschließung von submarinen Gashydratlagerstätten, speziell für das gerichtete Bohren in unkonsolidierten Formationen, zusammengetragen. Es werden verschiedene Erschließungskonzepte diskutiert und schließlich wird die Machbarkeit von zwei Bohrkonzepten untersucht.
Das erste Konzept zielt in erster Linie auf die Herstellung vertikaler Bohrungen zu Produktionstestzwecken in Gashydratlagerstätten ab. Auf Grundlage eines vorhandenen Meeresbodenbohrgerätes wird eine neuartige Technologie entwickelt, mit der eine Tiefsee-Gashydratbohrung abgeteuft, verrohrt und komplettiert werden kann, ohne dass eine Bohrplattform oder ein Bohrschiff eingesetzt werden muss.
Das zweite Konzept beinhaltet die Herstellung von horizontalen Produktionsbohrungen für eine kommerzielle Gashydratnutzung. Es wird untersucht, ob und unter welchen Bedingungen solche Bohrungen mit konventionellem Equipment machbar sind.
Es wird aufgezeigt, dass die Herausforderungen gemeistert werden können und die bohrtechnische Erschließung submariner Gashydratlagestätten mit beiden Konzepten grundsätzlich machbar erscheint.
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Pink, Daniel, Stephan Richter, Sebastian Gerdes, Dimosthenis Andreou, Per-Ulf Tunn, Christoph Busemann, Gerhard Ehninger, Peter Reichardt e Markus K. Schuler. "Gemcitabine and Docetaxel for Epithelioid Sarcoma: Results from a Retrospective, Multi-Institutional Analysis". Karger, 2014. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A70562.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Objective: Epithelioid sarcoma (ES) presents unique clinical features in comparison to other sarcoma subtypes. Data regarding the benefits of chemotherapy are very limited. Combination regimens using gemcitabine and docetaxel (Gem/Doce) have proven to be effective, especially in uterine and nonuterine leiomyosarcoma. Yet, there is no available data on the efficacy of Gem/Doce in ES. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the three participating institutions was performed. Twenty-eight patients with an ES diagnosis presented at one of the participating institutions between 1989 and 2012. Of this group, 17 patients received chemotherapy. Results: Patients’ median overall survival (OS) after the beginning of palliative chemotherapy was 21 months, and the 1-year OS was 87%. Twelve patients received Gem/Doce with a clinical benefit rate of 83%. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 8 months for all patients receiving Gem/Doce. The best response was complete remission in 1 patient and partial remission in 6 patients. All 6 patients receiving Gem/Doce as a first-line treatment showed measurable responses with a median PFS of 9 months. Conclusions: In this retrospective study, Gem/Doce was an effective chemotherapeutic regimen for ES. Prospective studies are needed to better assess the effects of this combination drug therapy.
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Guenther, Brent Edward. "Multi-User Signal Classification Via Cyclic Spectral Analysis". Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1288490195.
Testo completo