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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Sparidae – South Africa"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 5 febbraio 2022

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1

Griffiths, M. H., C. Wilke, A. J. Penney e Y. Melo. "Life history of white stumpnoseRhabdosargus globiceps(Pisces: Sparidae) off South Africa". South African Journal of Marine Science 24, n. 1 (giugno 2002): 281–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/025776102784528394.

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2

IWATSUKI, YUKIO, e PHILLIP C. HEEMSTRA. "Polysteganus mascarenensis, a new sparid fish species from Mascarene Islands, Indian Ocean YUKIO IWATSUKI (Japan) & PHILLIP C. HEEMSTRA (South Africa)". Zootaxa 3018, n. 1 (8 settembre 2011): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3018.1.2.

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Abstract (sommario):

A new sparid species, Polysteganus mascarenensis n. sp. (Perciformes; Sparidae) is described on the basis of three type specimens (578‒600 mm SL) from the Mascarene Islands, Indian Ocean. The species differs from the four known congeners of Polysteganus in having the following combination of characters: body moderately slender (depth 39% SL), scale rows between 10th dorsal-fin spine base and lateral line 6 ½, fewer lateral line scales 51‒54, snout broad, its length 2.2‒2.3 times orbit diameter in adults, inter-orbital area of adults with a bony bulge before and above eye (hyperostosis of frontal bones), forming a low median ridge; mouth large, jaws robust, especially upper jaw, caudal fin emarginate (nearly truncate if widely spread), head, body, and all fins generally reddish orange, no dark blotch or rows of small spots along scale rows on the body. The status and identification of congeneric nominal species are discussed, and a key to the species of Polysteganus is provided.

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3

Van Der Walt, B. A., e A. Govender. "Stock assessment ofSarpa salpa(Pisces: Sparidae) off the KwaZulu/Natal coast, South Africa". South African Journal of Marine Science 17, n. 1 (giugno 1996): 195–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/025776196784158383.

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4

Radebe, P. V., B. Q. Mann, L. E. Beckley e A. Govender. "Age and growth of Rhabdosargus sarba (Pisces: Sparidae), from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa". Fisheries Research 58, n. 2 (novembre 2002): 193–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-7836(01)00383-6.

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5

Brouwer, SL, e MH Griffiths. "Management ofArgyrozona argyrozona(Pisces: Sparidae) in South Africa based on per-recruit models". African Journal of Marine Science 28, n. 1 (aprile 2006): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/18142320609504136.

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6

Sikkel, PC, e NJ Smit. "Intraspecific cleaning by juvenile Cape white seabream Diplodus capensis (Sparidae) off eastern South Africa". African Journal of Marine Science 40, n. 1 (2 gennaio 2018): 97–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/1814232x.2018.1434091.

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7

Smale, M. J., e A. E. Punt. "Age and growth of the red steenbrasPetrus rupestris(Pisces: Sparidae) on the south-east coast of South Africa". South African Journal of Marine Science 10, n. 1 (giugno 1991): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/02577619109504626.

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8

Buxton, C. D., e J. R. Clarke. "The Biology of the bronze bream,Pachymetopon Grande(Teleostei: Sparidae) from the south-east Cape coast, South Africa". South African Journal of Zoology 27, n. 1 (gennaio 1992): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02541858.1992.11448256.

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9

Connell, A. D., P. C. Heemstra e P. A. Garratt. "Eggs and larvae of the santer Cheimerius nufar (Perciformes: Sparidae) from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa". South African Journal of Marine Science 21, n. 1 (1 giugno 1999): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/025776199784125863.

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10

van der Walt, B. A., e L. E. Beckley. "Age and growth of Sarpa salpa (Pisces: Sparidae) off the east coast of South Africa". Fisheries Research 31, n. 3 (agosto 1997): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-7836(97)00021-0.

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11

Farthing, MW, NC James e WM Potts. "Age and growth of Cape stumpnoseRhabdosargus holubi(Pisces: Sparidae) in the Eastern Cape, South Africa". African Journal of Marine Science 38, n. 1 (4 aprile 2016): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/1814232x.2016.1156577.

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12

Gray, MS, T. Hecht e WHH Sauer. "On the feasibility of a directed trap-fishery for pangaPterogymnus laniarius(Sparidae) in South Africa". African Journal of Marine Science 29, n. 3 (dicembre 2007): 465–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/ajms.2007.29.3.13.343.

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13

TESKE, PETER R., PAUL D. COWLEY, FABIEN R. G. FORGET e LUCIANO B. BEHEREGARAY. "Microsatellite markers for the roman,Chrysoblephus laticeps(Teleostei: Sparidae), an overexploited seabream from South Africa". Molecular Ecology Resources 9, n. 4 (luglio 2009): 1162–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2009.02595.x.

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14

Buxton, C. D., e J. R. Clarke. "The biology of the white musselcrackerSparodon durbanensis(Pisces: Sparidae) on the Eastern Cape coast, South Africa". South African Journal of Marine Science 10, n. 1 (giugno 1991): 285–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/02577619109504638.

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15

Smale, M. J. "Distribution and reproduction of the reef fishPetrus rupestris(Pisces: Sparidae) off the coast of South Africa". South African Journal of Zoology 23, n. 4 (gennaio 1988): 272–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02541858.1988.11448113.

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16

van der Walt, B. A., e B. Q. Mann. "Aspects of the reproductive biology ofSarpa salpa(Pisces: Sparidae) off the east coast of South Africa". South African Journal of Zoology 33, n. 4 (gennaio 1998): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02541858.1998.11448478.

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17

Kisten, Yanasivan, Nadine A. Strydom, Renzo Perissinotto e Sourav Paul. "Modelling the occurrence of postflexion stages of a marine estuarine-dependent fish in temperate South African estuaries". Scientia Marina 81, n. 1 (27 marzo 2017): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/scimar.04521.05a.

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Abstract (sommario):

The movement of postflexion larvae of marine estuarine-dependent species into estuaries is critical for the survival of fishes reliant on estuaries as nurseries. However, detailed studies focused on environmental variability experienced by postflexion larvae entering a range of estuary types under varying conditions are rare. This study assessed the in situ conditions (temperature, salinity and water clarity) under which the southern African endemic fish Rhabdosargus holubi (Sparidae) recruits into estuaries. Postflexion larvae were sampled in three biogeographic regions (cool temperate, warm temperate and subtropical boundary), which included three estuary types (permanently open estuaries (POEs), temporarily open/closed estuaries and estuarine lake systems) on a seasonal basis, independent of each other. Rhabdosargus holubi larvae were more abundant in spring and summer, in POEs in the warm temperate region. Models predicted that higher larval occurrence in estuaries is a function of lower salinity (e.g. mesohaline zones of 5-17.9 salinity) and lower water clarity (e.g. 0-0.2 Kd, light extinction coefficient), particularly for warm, temperate POEs. This re-emphasizes the importance of freshwater for optimal nursery functioning, which may be compromised by impoundments, abstraction and climate change in water-short countries like South Africa.

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18

Booth, Anthony J., e Colin D. Buxton. "Management of the panga Pterogymnus laniarius (Pisces: Sparidae) on the Agulhas Bank, South Africa using per-recruit models". Fisheries Research 32, n. 1 (ottobre 1997): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-7836(97)00045-3.

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19

James, NC, BQ Mann e PV Radebe. "Mortality estimates and biological reference points for the Natal stumpnoseRhabdosargus sarba(Pisces: Sparidae) in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa". African Journal of Aquatic Science 29, n. 1 (gennaio 2004): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/16085910409503793.

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20

Beckley, Lynnath E. "Notes on the biology of juvenileSparodon durbanensis(Pisces: Sparidae) from tidal pools in the Eastern Cape, South Africa". South African Journal of Zoology 23, n. 1 (gennaio 1988): 66–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02541858.1988.11447638.

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21

Nel, L., N. A. Strydom, R. Perissinotto, J. B. Adams e D. A. Lemley. "Feeding ecology of Rhabdosargus holubi (family Sparidae) in multiple vegetated refugia of selected warm temperate estuaries in South Africa". Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 197 (ottobre 2017): 194–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2017.08.026.

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22

Attwood, C. G., T. F. Næsje, L. Fairhurst e S. E. Kerwath. "Life-history parameters of white stumpnoseRhabdosargus globiceps(Pisces: Sparidae) in Saldanha Bay, South Africa, with evidence of stock separation". African Journal of Marine Science 32, n. 1 (4 giugno 2010): 23–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/18142321003714245.

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23

James, N., NG Hall, LE Beckley, BQ Mann e WD Robertson. "Status of the estuarine-dependent riverbreamAcanthopagrus berda(Sparidae) harvested by the multi-sectoral fishery in Kosi Bay, South Africa". African Journal of Marine Science 30, n. 1 (maggio 2008): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/ajms.2008.30.1.5.455.

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24

Kisten, Y., P. Pattrick, NA Strydom e R. Perissinotto. "Dynamics of recruitment of larval and juvenile Cape stumpnoseRhabdosargus holubi(Teleostei: Sparidae) into the Swartkops and Sundays estuaries, South Africa". African Journal of Marine Science 37, n. 1 (2 gennaio 2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/1814232x.2014.998708.

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25

Pattrick, Paula, e Nadine A. Strydom. "Swimming abilities of wild-caught, late-stage larvae of Diplodus capensis and Sarpa salpa (Pisces: Sparidae) from temperate South Africa". Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 85, n. 4 (dicembre 2009): 547–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2009.09.022.

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26

Andrews, AH, MJ Smale, PD Cowley e N. Chang. "Fifty-five-year longevity for the largest member of the family Sparidae: the endemic red steenbras Petrus rupestris from South Africa". African Journal of Marine Science 40, n. 4 (2 ottobre 2018): 343–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/1814232x.2018.1520148.

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27

Coetzee, P. S. "Diet composition and breeding cycle of blacktail,Diplodus sargus capensis(Pisces: Sparidae), caught off St Croix Island, Algoa Bay, South Africa". South African Journal of Zoology 21, n. 3 (gennaio 1986): 237–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02541858.1986.11447989.

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28

Harris, SA, e DP Cyrus. "Laval and Juvenile Fishes in the Surf Zone Adjacent to the St Lucia Estuary Mouth, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa". Marine and Freshwater Research 47, n. 2 (1996): 465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9960465.

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Composition, seasonality and developmental stages of larval and juvenile fish in the surf zone adjacent to the St Lucia Estuary mouth, KwaZulu-Natal, were investigated. Samples were collected monthly, from February 1992 to January 1993, at six stations along the beach north of the estuary mouth. A 24-h study was also undertaken in the surf zone when the estuary mouth was closed. In the 12-month study a total of 2931 larvae, representing 88 taxa and 47 families, was collected. The most abundant families were the Sparidae, Haemulidae, Ambassidae, Tripterygiidae and Chanidae, together comprising 64.2% of the total catch. The most abundant species were Pomadasys olivaceum, Ambassis sp. and Rhabdosargus holubi. In the 24-h study a total of 13731 larvae, representing 43 taxa and 22 families, was collected and was dominated by Ambassis sp., Croilia mossambica and Chanos chanos. Temperature and turbidity were the most important environmental variables related to fish densities of estuary-associated species. Temporal changes in fish densities were most significant for daylnight catches, with densities being significantly higher at night than during the day. Fish species associated with estuaries peaked in abundance in mid autumn and late winter. Spatial trends in fish densities indicated significantly higher densities of estuary-associated species at Stations 2 and 3, with densities decreasing thereafter away from the estuary mouth. Larval stages were predominantly postflexion for all months sampled. The total catch was dominated by marine spawner species, with 36% of all taxa having some degree of estuarine association. Species with some degree of estuarine association dominated the catch in terms of density during both the 12-month study (60%) and the 24-h study (83%). Results from this study indicate that the surf zone adjacent to the St Lucia Estuary functions as a transit route and a nursery habitat for certain estuary- and non-estuary-associated fish species.

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29

IWATSUKI, YUKIO, e PHILLIP C. HEEMSTRA. "A review of the Acanthopagrus bifasciatus species complex (Pisces: Sparidae) from the Indian Ocean, with redescriptions of A. bifasciatus (Forsskål 1775) and A. catenula (Lacepède 1801) YUKIO IWATSUKI (Japan) & PHILLIP C. HEEMSTRA (South Africa)". Zootaxa 3025, n. 1 (14 settembre 2011): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3025.1.2.

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The Doublebar Seabream, Acanthopagrus bifasciatus (Forsskål 1775) with two conspicuous vertical black bars across the head has long been recognized as a distinctive species from the Red Sea and Western Indian Ocean. Two distinct colour patterns are associated with two allopatric populations except southern Oman and Somalia which appears to be a zone of overlap: a northern population (Red Sea, through Persian Gulf, to Pakistan) with dorsal and caudal fins immaculate yellow; and a southern population (east coast of Africa from the Horn of Africa to South Africa, Madagascar, and Mascarene Islands) having the dorsal fin with a wide black margin and caudal fin rear margin with a narrow black edge (and both black margins disappearing with growth in specimens over 30 cm SL). Both populations resulted in the two valid species: A. bifasciatus for the northern population and A. catenula (Lacepède 1801) for the southern population. Nominal species (junior synonyms) of the two species are discussed.

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30

Strydom, NA, AJ Booth e A. McLachlan. "Occurrence of larval fishes in a rocky shore-associated nursery area in temperate South Africa, with emphasis on temperature-related growth in dominant Sparidae". African Journal of Marine Science 36, n. 1 (2 gennaio 2014): 125–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/1814232x.2014.899269.

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31

Hesp, S. Alex, e Ian C. Potter. "Reproductive biology of Rhabdosargus sarba (Sparidae) in Western Australian waters, in which it is a rudimentary hermaphrodite". Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 83, n. 6 (dicembre 2003): 1333–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315403008786.

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The reproductive biology of the tarwhine Rhabdosargus sarba has been studied in three very different environments in Western Australia, namely the lower reaches of the Swan River Estuary and marine waters at the same latitude, i.e. ≈32°S, and a large subtropical marine embayment (Shark Bay) approximately 800 km further north. A macroscopic and histological examination of the gonads demonstrated that R. sarba is typically a rudimentary hermaphrodite in Western Australian waters, i.e. the juveniles develop into either a male or female in which the ovarian and testicular zones of the gonads, respectively, are macroscopically undetectable. This contrasts with the situation in the waters off Hong Kong and South Africa where R. sarba is reported to be a protandrous hermaphrodite. Although R. sarba spawns between mid-late winter and late spring in each water body, the onset of spawning in the estuary is delayed until salinities have risen well above their winter minima. Although males and females attain sexual maturity at very similar lengths in the Swan River Estuary and Shark Bay, i.e. each L50 for first maturity lies between 170 and 177 mm total length (TL), they typically reach maturity at an earlier age in the former environment, i.e. 2 vs 3 years old. During the spawning period, only 25 and 12% of the males and females, respectively, that were caught between 180 and 260 mm TL in nearshore marine waters were mature, whereas 94 and 92% of the males and females, respectively, that were collected in this length-range over reefs, were mature. This indicates that R. sarba tends to move offshore when it has become ‘physiologically’ ready to mature. The L50s at first maturity indicate that the minimum legal length in Western Australia (230 mm TL) is appropriate for managing this species.

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32

Mann, Bruce Q., e Pierre Pradervand. "Declining catch per unit effort of an estuarine-dependent fish, Rhabdosargus sarba (Teleostei: Sparidae), in the marine environment following closure of the St Lucia Estuarine System, South Africa". African Journal of Aquatic Science 32, n. 2 (agosto 2007): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/ajas.2007.32.2.4.201.

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33

von der Heyden, S., e A. Connell. "Evidence of hybridisation within the genusChrysoblephusand conserved nuclear sequences of South African sparids (Teleostei: Sparidae)". African Journal of Marine Science 34, n. 4 (dicembre 2012): 505–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/1814232x.2012.733142.

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34

Attwood, CG, PD Cowley, SE Kerwath, TF Naesje, F. Økland e EB Thorstad. "First tracking of white stumpnoseRhabdosargus globiceps(Sparidae) in a South African marine protected area". African Journal of Marine Science 29, n. 1 (gennaio 2007): 147–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/ajms.2007.29.1.15.80.

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35

Brouwer, SL, e MH Griffiths. "Stock separation and life history ofArgyrozona argyrozona(Pisces: Sparidae) on the South African east coast". African Journal of Marine Science 27, n. 3 (dicembre 2005): 585–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/18142320509504119.

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36

Mann-Lang, J. B., e C. D. Buxton. "Growth characteristics in the otoliths of selected South African sparid fish". South African Journal of Marine Science 17, n. 1 (giugno 1996): 205–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/025776196784158536.

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37

James, NC, PD Cowley e AK Whitfield. "Abundance, recruitment and residency of two sparids in an intermittently open estuary in South Africa". African Journal of Marine Science 29, n. 3 (dicembre 2007): 527–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/ajms.2007.29.3.18.348.

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38

Chale-Matsau, J. R., A. Govender e L. E. Beckley. "Age, growth and retrospective stock assessment of an economically extinct sparid fish, Polysteganus undulosus, from South Africa". Fisheries Research 51, n. 1 (aprile 2001): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-7836(00)00235-6.

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39

Henriques, R., BQ Mann, ES Nielsen, C. Hui e S. von der Heyden. "Extending biodiversity conservation with functional and evolutionary diversity: a case study of South African sparid fishes". African Journal of Marine Science 42, n. 3 (22 settembre 2020): 315–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/1814232x.2020.1798282.

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40

Murray, TS, PD Cowley, BQ Mann, JQ Maggs e G. Gouws. "Movement patterns of an endemic South African sparid, the black musselcracker Cymatoceps nasutus, determined using mark-recapture methods". African Journal of Marine Science 41, n. 1 (2 gennaio 2019): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/1814232x.2019.1574238.

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41

Watt-Pringle, Peter A., Paul D. Cowley e Albrecht Götz. "Residency and Small-Scale Movement Behaviour of Three Endemic Sparid Fishes in Their Shallow Rocky Subtidal Nursery Habitat, South Africa". African Zoology 48, n. 1 (aprile 2013): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3377/004.048.0121.

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42

Watt-Pringle, Peter A., Paul D. Cowley e Albrecht Götz. "Residency and small-scale movement behaviour of three endemic sparid fishes in their shallow rocky subtidal nursery habitat, South Africa". African Zoology 48, n. 1 (aprile 2013): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15627020.2013.11407566.

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43

Gouws, G., SE Kerwath, WM Potts, NC James, NG Vine e PD Cowley. "High genetic diversity and limited spatial structure in an endangered, endemic South African sparid, the red steenbras Petrus rupestris". African Journal of Marine Science 42, n. 3 (16 settembre 2020): 295–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/1814232x.2020.1788640.

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44

Buxton, Colin D. "The application of yield-per-recruit models to two South African sparid reef species, with special consideration to sex change". Fisheries Research 15, n. 1-2 (ottobre 1992): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-7836(92)90002-b.

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45

Hayward, CJ. "Revision of the monogenean genus Polylabris (Microcotylidae)". Invertebrate Systematics 10, n. 5 (1996): 995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/it9960995.

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Abstract (sommario):

Revised diagnoses of the subfamily Prostatomicrocotylinae and the largest of its five genera, Polylabris, are presented. Seventeen species of Polylabris are recognised from the gills of a variety of perciform fishes on the basis of the morphology of their male copulatory organs and a key to species is given; a further three species inquirendae are also considered. P. sillaginae (Woolcock) is recorded in Australia, New Caledonia and the Gulf of Thailand from ten species of Sillago and the type host Sillaginodes punctata. P. sandarsae Williams is synonymised with P. sillaginae (Woolcock), as are P. sp. 1 Williams and P. sp. 2 Williams. Three new bivaginate species from Australian sillaginids, each with distinctive copulatory organs, are described: P. australiensis, sp. nov., P. queenslandensis, sp. nov., and P. williamsi, sp. nov. The only species in this host group with one vagina, P. madagascarensis, sp, nov., is described from Sillago sihama in Madagascar and South Africa. Two other new univaginate species, from eastern Australia, are described: P. girellae, sp. nov., from a kyphosid (Girella tricuspidata) and P. rhabdosargi, sp. nov., from a sparid (Rhabdosargus sarba). P. gerres (Machida) is recognised as both a junior synonym and secondary homonym of P. gerres (Sandars). P. mamaevi Ogawa & Egusa is likely to be composed of two species, one of which may be synonymous with P. virgatarum (Tubangui), a species whose types were destroyed. Gupta & Khullar's 'P. sillaginae' is given a replacement name, P. indica, nom. nov., because it undoubtedly belongs to a distinct species. In four species with no available specimens, original illustrations of copulatory organs are redrawn. New species are still very likely to be discovered in the Indo-west Pacific, particularly in regions where the monogenean fauna is little known, such as eastern Africa and the Red Sea.

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46

Mann, B. Q., e C. D. Buxton. "Diets of Diplodus sargus capensis and D. cervinus hottentotus (Pisces: Sparidae) on the Tsitsikamma coast, South Africa". Koedoe 35, n. 2 (25 settembre 1992). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/koedoe.v35i2.402.

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Abstract (sommario):

Diets of Diplodus sargus capensis and D. cervinus hottentotus, sampled on the Tsitsikamma coast, are described. D. sargus was a generalist, feeding on a wide variety of reef associated invertebrates and algae. D. cervinus was more of a specialist feeding on comparatively few prey groups, the most important being polychaetes and amphipods. Juveniles of both species showed considerable spatial and dietary overlap, feeding predominantly on amphipods, polychaetes and harpacticoid copepods. Larger fish showed an increase in the range of prey species taken and dietary overlap was diminished. The dietary differences between these two species are thought to contribute to greater abundance and habitat range in D. sargus.

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47

Pattrick, Paula, Nicolas Weidberg, Wayne S. Goschen, Jennifer M. Jackson, Christopher D. McQuaid e Francesca Porri. "Larval Fish Assemblage Structure at Coastal Fronts and the Influence of Environmental Variability". Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 9 (31 maggio 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2021.684502.

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Within the coastal zone, oceanographic features, such as fronts, can have major effects on the abundance and distribution of larval fish. We investigated the effects of fronts on larval fish assemblages by jointly collecting physical (ADCP and CTD) and biological (larvae) data in the nearshore waters of the south coast of South Africa, on four separate neap-tide occasions. Accumulation of fish larvae at predominantly internal wave-associated fronts was observed, with higher larval densities inshore of and within the front than farther offshore. On each occasion, larvae of coastal species with pelagic eggs (Mugillidae and Sparidae) were numerically dominant at the front itself, while inshore of the front, larvae of coastal species with benthic eggs (Gobiesocidae and Gobiidae) were more abundant. Offshore catches mainly comprised Engraulidae (pelagic species with pelagic eggs) larvae, which were generally restricted to the bottom, where current velocities were onshore on each occasion. On the occasion when fast (>100 cm/s) currents prevailed, however, accumulation of the larvae of coastal species occurred offshore of the front, and larvae were mixed throughout the water column. Thus, larval occurrence at these coastal frontal systems was strongly affected by the degree of mixing by currents, which on most occasions resulted in onshore retention. The results underline the importance of frontal systems in determining the nearshore distributions of fish larvae, particularly by retaining coastal fish species in the inshore region. The environmental variability observed at these frontal systems has potential implications for larval connectivity of fish populations.

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48

van der Walt, Kerry-Ann, Warren M. Potts, Francesca Porri, Alexander C. Winkler, Murray I. Duncan, Michael R. Skeeles e Nicola C. James. "Marine Heatwaves Exceed Cardiac Thermal Limits of Adult Sparid Fish (Diplodus capensis, Smith 1884)". Frontiers in Marine Science 8 (29 giugno 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.702463.

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Abstract (sommario):

Climate change not only drives increases in global mean ocean temperatures, but also in the intensity and duration of marine heatwaves (MHWs), with potentially deleterious effects on local fishes. A first step to assess the vulnerability of fishes to MHWs is to quantify their upper thermal thresholds and contrast these limits against current and future ocean temperatures during such heating events. Heart failure is considered a primary mechanism governing the upper thermal limits of fishes and begins to occur at temperatures where heart rate fails to keep pace with thermal dependency of reaction rates. This point is identified by estimating the Arrhenius breakpoint temperature (TAB), which is the temperature where maximum heart rate (fHmax) first deviates from its exponential increase with temperature and the incremental Q10 breakpoint temperature (TQB), which is where the Q10 temperature coefficient (relative change in heart rate for a 10°C increase in temperature) for fHmax abruptly decreases during acute warming. Here we determined TAB, TQB and the temperature that causes cardiac arrhythmia (TARR) in adults of the marine sparid, Diplodus capensis, using an established technique. Using these thermal indices results, we further estimated adult D. capensis vulnerability to contemporary MHWs and increases in ocean temperatures along the warm-temperate south-east coast of South Africa. For the established technique, we stimulated fHmax with atropine and isoproterenol and used internal heart rate loggers to measure fHmax under conditions of acute warming in the laboratory. We estimated average TAB, TQB, and TARR values of 20.8°C, 21.0°C, and 28.3°C. These findings indicate that the physiology of D. capensis will be progressively compromised when temperatures exceed 21.0°C up to a thermal end-point of 28.3°C. Recent MHWs along the warm-temperate south-east coast, furthermore, are already occurring within the TARR threshold (26.6–30.0°C) for cardiac function in adult D. capensis, suggesting that this species may already be physiologically compromised by MHWs. Predicted increases in mean ocean temperatures of a conservative 2.0°C, may further result in adult D. capensis experiencing more frequent MHWs as well as a contraction of the northern range limit of this species as mean summer temperatures exceed the average TARR of 28.3°C.

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49

Richardson, N., A. K. Gordon, WJ Muller, B. Pletschke e A. Whitfield. "The use of liver histopathology, lipid peroxidation and acetylcholinesterase assays as biomarkers of contaminant-induced stress in the Cape stumpnose, Rhabdosargus holubi (Teleostei: Sparidae), from selected South African estuaries". Water SA 36, n. 4 (24 agosto 2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/wsa.v36i4.58409.

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