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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Speckle"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 25 luglio 2025

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1

Dove, Justin, and Jeffrey H. Shapiro. "Speckled speckled speckle." Optics Express 28, no. 15 (2020): 22105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.398226.

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2

Wubalem, Azemeraw, Chiara Caselle, Battista Taboni, and Gessica Umili. "Effects of Rock Texture on Digital Image Correlation." Geosciences 15, no. 4 (2025): 145. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences15040145.

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Digital image correlation (DIC) is a non-contact optical method that can provide high-resolution strain and displacement measurements, but its effectiveness depends on surface texture contrast. This study investigates the effects of surface characteristics on the quality of DIC results in tonalite and marble samples under Brazilian tests. Tonalite samples have a coarse texture with a heterogeneous mineral composition; therefore, DIC analysis was conducted without artificial speckle patterns. Marble, instead, poses a challenge due to its uniform fine texture and composition. Thus, using point a

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3

Alexander, Katherine A., Ruofan Yu, Christine Faunce, et al. "Abstract PR010: In-“speck”-ting the nucleus: Nuclear speckles are a critical layer of gene regulation that predict outcomes in clear cell renal cell carcinoma." Cancer Research 83, no. 16_Supplement (2023): PR010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.kidney23-pr010.

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Abstract Nuclear speckles are dynamic substructures within the nucleus that contain a myriad of factors involved in gene activation. While nuclear speckles were discovered over 100 years ago, how they vary in human health and disease and the consequences of such variation remain enigmatic. Using RNA-seq data to estimate nuclear speckle content, we found that nuclear speckle phenotypes vary reproducibly in &gt;20 cancer types. Of these cancers, nuclear speckle variation predicted patient outcomes specifically in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). This ccRCC speckle sensitivity was con

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4

Law, Wee King, Hao Liang Wang, Cheng Hao Song, Chin Seong Lim, Zhen Zhong Sun, and Kok Cheong Wong. "Influence of Magnetron Sputtering Parameters on Speckle Characteristics for Application in Microscale DIC of Maraging Steel." Materials Science Forum 1154 (June 30, 2025): 37–42. https://doi.org/10.4028/p-ht69dm.

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Magnetron sputtering was utilised to deposit submicron-sized speckle patterns for microscale digital image correlation (DIC) of 18Ni-300 maraging steel. A Taguchi orthogonal array consisting of four configurations was used to investigate the influence of magnetron sputtering parameters (i.e. sputter current, sputter duration, and chamber pressure during sputtering) on the resultant speckle characteristics. Increasing the sputter current resulted in larger-sized speckles, while increasing the sputter duration resulted in larger-sized speckles at expenses size uniformity of speckles. A higher ch

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5

Ulyanov, Sergey S. "Speckle-interferometry and speckle-correlometry of GB-speckles." Frontiers in Bioscience 24, no. 4 (2019): 700–711. http://dx.doi.org/10.2741/4744.

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6

Blagova, T. V., and I. Sh Khasanov. "Contribution of wave aberrations represented by Zernike polynomials to the cross-correlation function between distorted and actual speckle patterns." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2091, no. 1 (2021): 012009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2091/1/012009.

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Abstract Speckles are sensitive to the slightest inhomogeneities of the medium, which is used in optical research methods such as speckle interferometry. However, the stochastic nature of propagation of speckle fields complicates their accurate detection and processing. For example, aberrations in the optical system result in the decorrelation of the image of speckles with the actual speckles that are observed in free space. The report will consider the main types of wave aberrations of optical system and their influence on the correlation properties of speckle patterns. The research results c

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7

Freund, Isaac, and David A. Kessler. "Singularities in speckled speckle." Optics Letters 33, no. 5 (2008): 479. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.33.000479.

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8

Hu, Yan, Matt Plutz, and Andrew S. Belmont. "Hsp70 gene association with nuclear speckles is Hsp70 promoter specific." Journal of Cell Biology 191, no. 4 (2010): 711–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201004041.

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Many mammalian genes localize near nuclear speckles, nuclear bodies enriched in ribonucleic acid–processing factors. In this paper, we dissect cis-elements required for nuclear speckle association of the heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) locus. We show that speckle association is a general property of Hsp70 bacterial artificial chromosome transgenes, independent of the chromosome integration site, and can be recapitulated using a 2.8-kilobase HSPA1A gene fragment. Association of Hsp70 transgenes and their transcripts with nuclear speckles is transcription dependent, independent of the transcribed

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9

Waterman-Storer, C. M., and W. C. Salmon. "Fluorescent Speckle Microscopy in Studies of Cytoskeletal Dynamics During Cell Motility." Microscopy and Microanalysis 7, S2 (2001): 6–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600026106.

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We have discovered a new method, Fluorescent Speckle Microscopy (FSM), for analyzing the dynamic movement and turnover of macromolecular protein assemblies, such as the cytoskeleton, in living cells (Waterman-Storer et al., 1998). FSM compliments or replaces the techniques of fluorescence recovery after photobleaching or photoactivation of fluorescence for measuring protein dynamics in vivo. For FSM, cells are microinjected with a very low fraction of fluorescently labeled subunits that co-assemble with unlabeled subunits to give a structure with a fluorescent speckled appearance in diffractio

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10

Desai, K. M., C. R. Gwinn, J. Reynolds, et al. "Speckles in Interstellar Radio-Wave Scattering." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 131 (1991): 238–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100013385.

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AbstractObservations of speckles in the scattering disk of the Vela pulsar are presented and speckle techniques for studying and circumventing scattering of radio waves by the turbulent interstellar plasma are discussed. The speckle pattern contains, in a hologrammatic fashion, complete information on the structure of the radio source as well as the distribution of the scattering material. Speckle observations of interstellar scattering of radio waves are difficult because of their characteristically short timescales (≈seconds) and narrow bandwidths (≈kHz). Here, we present first observations,

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11

Ulianova, Onega, Yury Saltykov, Sergey Ulyanov, Sergey Zaytsev, Alexander Ulyanov, and Valentina Feodorova. "Discrimination of the SARS–CoV-2 strains using of coloured s-LASCA-imaging of GB-speckles, developed for the gene “S” nucleotide sequences." F1000Research 10 (June 22, 2022): 503. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.53214.4.

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Background: A recent bioinformatics technique involves changing nucleotide sequences into 2D speckles. This technique produces speckles called GB-speckles (Gene Based speckles). All classical strategies of speckle-optics, namely speckle-interferometry, subtraction of speckle-images as well as speckle-correlometry have been inferred for processing of GB-speckles. This indicates the considerable improvement in the present tools of bioinformatics. Methods: Colour s-LASCA imaging of virtual laser GB-speckles, a new method of high discrimination and typing of pathogenic viruses, has been developed.

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12

Ulianova, Onega, Yury Saltykov, Sergey Ulyanov, Sergey Zaytsev, Alexander Ulyanov, and Valentina Feodorova. "Discrimination of the SARS–CoV-2 strains using of coloured s-LASCA-imaging of GB-speckles, developed for the gene “S” nucleotide sequences." F1000Research 10 (November 8, 2021): 503. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.53214.3.

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Abstract (sommario):

Background: A recent bioinformatics technique involves changing nucleotide sequences into 2D speckles. This technique produces speckles called GB-speckles (Gene Based speckles). All classical strategies of speckle-optics, namely speckle-interferometry, subtraction of speckle-images as well as speckle-correlometry have been inferred for processing of GB-speckles. This indicates the considerable improvement in the present tools of bioinformatics. Methods: Colour s-LASCA imaging of virtual laser GB-speckles, a new method of high discrimination and typing of pathogenic viruses, has been developed.

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13

Ulianova, Onega, Yury Saltykov, Sergey Ulyanov, Sergey Zaytsev, Alexander Ulyanov, and Valentina Feodorova. "Discrimination of the SARS–CoV-2 strains using of coloured s-LASCA-imaging of GB-speckles, developed for the gene “S” nucleotide sequences." F1000Research 10 (September 6, 2021): 503. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.53214.2.

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Abstract (sommario):

Background: A recent bioinformatics technique involves changing nucleotide sequences into 2D speckles. This technique produces speckles called GB-speckles (Gene Based speckles). All classical strategies of speckle-optics, namely speckle-interferometry, subtraction of speckle-images as well as speckle-correlometry have been inferred for processing of GB-speckles. This indicates the considerable improvement in the present tools of bioinformatics. Methods: Colour s-LASCA imaging of virtual laser GB-speckles, a new method of high discrimination and typing of pathogenic viruses, has been developed.

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14

Ulianova, Onega, Yury Saltykov, Sergey Ulyanov, Sergey Zaytsev, Alexander Ulyanov, and Valentina Feodorova. "Discrimination of the SARS–CoV-2 strains using of coloured s-LASCA-imaging of GB-speckles, developed for the gene “S” nucleotide sequences." F1000Research 10 (June 25, 2021): 503. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.53214.1.

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Abstract (sommario):

Background: A recent bioinformatics technique involves changing nucleotide sequences into 2D speckles. This technique produces speckles called GB-speckles (Gene Based speckles). All classical strategies of speckle-optics, namely speckle-interferometry, subtraction of speckle-images as well as speckle-correlometry have been inferred for processing of GB-speckles. This indicates the considerable improvement in the present tools of bioinformatics. Methods: Colour s-LASCA imaging of virtual laser GB-speckles, a new method of high discrimination and typing of pathogenic viruses, has been developed.

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15

Dong, Lihua, Dabo Guo, and Guang Yuan. "P‐17.2: Study on speckle suppression of RGB color semiconductor laser driven by high frequency current." SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers 55, S1 (2024): 1546–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sdtp.17422.

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The suppression of laser speckle has always been a crucial research topic in the field of laser display. At present, many methods of laser speckle suppression have been proposed. In this paper, we present a method for reducing speckle in high‐frequency current driven RGB semiconductor lasers. The RGB monochromatic speckle contrast in direct current (DC) driving mode and 100 Hz to 50 MHz pulse modulation frequency driving mode, and the color luminosity speckle contrast of composite light in 1 KHz to 45 MHz pulse modulation frequency driving mode were measured. Red laser speckle contrast is redu

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16

Salmon, E. D., and Clare M. Waterman. "How we discovered fluorescent speckle microscopy." Molecular Biology of the Cell 22, no. 21 (2011): 3940–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e11-07-0646.

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Fluorescent speckle microscopy (FSM) is a method for measuring the movements and dynamic assembly of macromolecular assemblies such as cytoskeletal filaments (e.g., microtubules and actin) or focal adhesions within large arrays in living cells or in preparations in vitro. The discovery of the method depended on recognizing the importance of unexpected fluorescence images of microtubules obtained by time-lapse recording of vertebrate epithelial cells in culture. In cells that were injected with fluorescent tubulin at ∼10% of the cytosol pool, microtubules typically appeared as smooth threads wi

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Reu, Phillip. "All about Speckles: Speckle Density." Experimental Techniques 39, no. 3 (2015): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ext.12161.

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18

Kessler, David A., and Isaac Freund. "Singularities in speckled speckle: screening." Journal of the Optical Society of America A 25, no. 12 (2008): 2932. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josaa.25.002932.

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Freund, Isaac, and David A. Kessler. "Singularities in speckled speckle: Statistics." Optics Communications 281, no. 24 (2008): 5954–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2008.09.029.

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20

Pereira, António J., Paulo Aguiar, Michael Belsley, and Helder Maiato. "Inducible fluorescent speckle microscopy." Journal of Cell Biology 212, no. 2 (2016): 245–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201506128.

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The understanding of cytoskeleton dynamics has benefited from the capacity to generate fluorescent fiducial marks on cytoskeleton components. Here we show that light-induced imprinting of three-dimensional (3D) fluorescent speckles significantly improves speckle signal and contrast relative to classic (random) fluorescent speckle microscopy. We predict theoretically that speckle imprinting using photobleaching is optimal when the laser energy and fluorophore responsivity are related by the golden ratio. This relation, which we confirm experimentally, translates into a 40% remaining signal afte

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21

Ruocco, A., G. Duchateau, and V. T. Tikhonchuk. "Self-focusing of a spatially modulated beam within the paraxial complex geometrical optics framework in low-density plasmas." Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 63, no. 12 (2021): 125019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/ac2e43.

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Abstract Accurate modelling of ponderomotive laser self-focusing may represent a key for the success of inertial confinement fusion, especially within the shock ignition approach. From a numerical point of view, implementation of a paraxial complex geometrical optics (PCGO) method has improved the performance of the hydrodynamics code CHIC, but (1) overestimating ponderomotive speckle self-focusing in reduced two-dimensional geometry, and (2) not accounting for speckle intensity statistics. The first issue was addressed in our previous work (Ruocco et al 2019 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 61 11

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22

Zimnyakov, Dmitry, Marina Alonova, Ekaterina Ushakova, et al. "Speckle-Based Sensing of Microscopic Dynamics in Expanding Polymer Foams: Application of the Stacked Speckle History Technique." Sensors 21, no. 20 (2021): 6701. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21206701.

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Microscopic structural rearrangements in expanding polylactide foams were probed using multiple dynamic scattering of laser radiation in the foam volume. Formation and subsequent expansion of polylactide foams was provided by a rapid or slow depressurization of the “plasticized polylactide–supercritical carbon dioxide” system. Dynamic speckles induced by a multiple scattering of laser radiation in the expanding foam were analyzed using the stacked speckle history technique, which is based on a joint mapping of spatial–temporal dynamics of evolving speckle patterns. A significant decrease in th

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23

Abramovich, N. D., and S. K. Dick. "DEPENDENCE OF THE SPECKLE-PATTERNS SIZE AND THEIR CONTRAST ON THE BIOPHYSICAL AND STRUCTURAL PARAMETERS OF BIOLOGICAL TISSUES." Devices and Methods of Measurements 8, no. 2 (2017): 177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2220-9506-2017-8-2-177-187.

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Speckle fields are widely used in optical diagnostics of biotissues and evaluation of the functional state of bioobjects. The speckle field is formed by laser radiation scattered from the object under study. It bears information about the average dimensions of the scatterers, the degree of surface roughness makes it possible to judge the structural and biophysical characteristics of individual tissue cells (particles), on the one hand, and the integral optical characteristics of the entire biological tissue. The aim of the study was – the determination of connections between the biophysical an

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24

Carminati, Rémi. "Hidden statistics in speckle patterns." Photoniques, no. 110 (October 2021): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/photon/202111032.

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Scattering of coherent light from a disordered material produces a complex distribution of intensity known as a speckle pattern. Speckle patterns are not as random as they appear at first glance. Their statistical properties exhibit universal features, as already recognized in the first paper on laser speckle. The existence of short-range and long-range spatial correlations in speckles has been shown to be fundamental in wave physics. It has also led to the emergence of novel approaches for imaging through scattering media.

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Fan, Ji Jun, and Nan Hui Yu. "Velocities of Starch Particles in ER Fluids Measured with Laser Speckle." Advanced Materials Research 287-290 (July 2011): 2781–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.287-290.2781.

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In this paper, the principle of measuring infinitesimal displacement by laser speckle is proposed to measure the velocities of particles in ER fluids. It is verified that speckles can be formed by illuminating laser beam on the starch ER fluids. The speckle patterns was recorded with high speed CCD camera, and the speckle patterns sequences with short time intervals was obtained by intercepting laser speckle video. Displacements parallel to the direction of electric field and that perpendicular to the direction of electric field were obtained by processing the two consecutive speckle patterns.

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Wang, Xijun. "The Magnetic Nanoparticle Movement in Magnetic Fluid Characterized by the Laser Dynamic Speckle Interferometry." Journal of Nanomaterials 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/287813.

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A dual scanning laser speckle interferometry experiment was designed to observe the dynamic behavior of the magnetic fluid actuated by a magnetic field. In order to improve the spatial resolution of the dynamic speckle measurement, the phase delay scanning was used to compensate the additional phase variation which was caused by the transverse scanning. The correlation coefficients corresponding to the temporal dynamic speckle patterns within the same time interval scattering from the nanoparticles were calculated in the experiment on nanoscale magnetic clusters. In the experiment, the speckle

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Song, Haoyang, Feiyu Sun, Yunxu Sun, and Wei Liu. "The Optimization of Multimode Fiber Speckle Sensor for Microvibration." International Journal of Optics 2023 (February 17, 2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/3356849.

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A vibration sensing system with optical fiber speckles is demonstrated and optimized with different optical fiber diameters and speckle statistical algorithms. The types of fiber diameter and material lead to a different performance of fiber specklegram sensor (FSS), which has been experimentally explored. The signal intensity, demodulated from the speckles, is different when using multimode fibers with different diameters. At the same time, the sensing effect of different fibers depends on the speckle statistical algorithms. Accordingly, we use different statistical methods in theory and expe

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Masthan Reddy, V. V., and S. Vidhyalakshmi. "Critical Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Beams Using Digital Image Correlation Technique." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1086, no. 1 (2022): 012001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1086/1/012001.

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Abstract Digital Image Correlation technique (DIC) is a non-contact optical method for rapid structural health monitoring of critical infrastructure. DIC is used to extract Moment (M) – Curvature (κ) relationships using random speckle patterns. The random speckle pattern is evaluated for 2D DIC measurements and shows an improved correlation with conventional measurements. Characteristics of random speckle patterns are quantified and their applicability to DIC is explored. The ultimate moment-curvature values computed from the random speckled pattern are found to be in good agreement with conve

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Chen, Yanyu, Huang Tan, and Gaofeng Wu. "Self-Reconstruction Property of a Special Speckle Pattern after Obstructing by an Opaque Obstruction." Advances in Condensed Matter Physics 2017 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9625206.

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Numerical simulation of random optical field with special autocorrelation is performed. It can be seen that the speckle pattern with special autocorrelation is different from the general speckle pattern whose autocorrelation is a Gaussian function. Furthermore, we study the propagation property of the special speckle in free space after blocking by an opaque obstruction and find the self-healing effect of speckle. In particular, we investigate the influence of size and shape of obstruction and the coherence of speckle on the speckle’s reconstruction process. We find that it is affected by the

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Singh, Prabhishek, and Raj Shree. "Statistical Quality Analysis of Wavelet Based SAR Images in Despeckling Process." Asian Journal of Electrical Sciences 6, no. 2 (2017): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ajes-2017.6.2.2001.

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Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images are mainly denoised by multiplicative speckle noise, which is due to the consistent behavior of scattering phenomenon known as speckle noise. This paper presents the basic concept, role and importance of Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) in the field of despeckling SAR images and also offers a study of SAR image quality on applying DWT on the speckled image and log transformed speckled image. Log transform operation plays a decisive and comfortable role in despeckling SAR images as this operation changes the multiplicative behavior of the speckle noise to a

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D.Sachin, Kumar, P.R.Seshadri, N.Vaishnav, and Janaki Dr.Saraswathi. "Real Time Speckle Image De-Noising." Advances in Vision Computing: An International Journal (AVC) 1, no. 1 (2014): 39–46. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3362094.

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The paper presents real time speckle de-noising based on activity computation algorithm and wavelet transform. Speckles arise in an image when laser light is reflected from an illuminated surface. The process involves detection of speckles in an image by obtaining a number of frames of the same object under different illumination or angle and comparing the frames for the granular computation and de-noising the same on presence of greater activity index. The project can be implemented in FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) technology. The results can be shown that the used activity computation

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D.Sachin, Kumar, P.R.Seshadri, N.Vaishnav, and Janaki Dr.Saraswathi. "Real Time Speckle Image De-Noising." Advances in Vision Computing: An International Journal (AVC) 1, no. 1 (2014): 39–46. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3561357.

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The paper presents real time speckle de-noising based on activity computation algorithm and wavelet transform. Speckles arise in an image when laser light is reflected from an illuminated surface. The process involves detection of speckles in an image by obtaining a number of frames of the same object under different illumination or angle and comparing the frames for the granular computation and de-noising the same on presence of greater activity index. The project can be implemented in FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) technology. The results can be shown that the used activity computation

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Reu, Phillip. "All about speckles: Speckle Size Measurement." Experimental Techniques 38, no. 6 (2014): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ext.12110.

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Aghdam, Milad Z., and Nasser Soltani. "Effect of speckle size on surface crack detection via digital image correlation." JUSTC 52 (2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.52396/justc-2021-0160.

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Digital image correlation (DIC) is an experimental stress analysis technique used in nondestructive tests. The accuracy of DIC in crack detection depends on various factors such as the sizes of speckles and pixels. In the current study, a speckle pattern based on the spreading of nanoparticles with small speckles is compared with a conventional sprayed pattern to understand whether crack detection via DIC is improved by reducing the sizes of speckles and pixels. Owing to the small size of nanoparticles, an optical microscope is used for magnification. The spreading method for crack detection i

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Lee, Yujin, Sangjun Byun, Changyoon Yi, Jaewoo Jung, and Seung Ah Lee. "Rolling shutter speckle plethysmography for quantitative cardiovascular monitoring." Biomedical Optics Express 15, no. 3 (2024): 1540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/boe.511755.

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We propose a new speckle-based plethysmography technique, termed rolling shutter speckle plethysmography (RSSPG), which can quantitatively measure the velocity and volume fluctuations of blood flow during the cardiac cycle. Our technique is based on the rolling shutter speckle imaging, where the short row-by-row time differences in the rolling shutter image sensors are used to measure the temporal decorrelation behavior of vertically elongated speckles from a single image capture. Temporal analysis of the speckle field provides rich information regarding the dynamics of the scattering media, s

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Jia, Mianqian. "Smooth Surface Defect Detection of Metal Workpiece Based on Digital Speckle Pattern Interferometry." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2403, no. 1 (2022): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2403/1/012015.

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Abstract When the existing defect detection methods are used to detect the defects on the smooth surface of metal workpieces, there is a big difference between the detection results and the actual results, and the detection accuracy is low. Therefore, the digital speckle pattern interferometry (DSPI) technology is introduced in this paper to study the design of the detection method of smooth surface defects of the metal workpieces. In this paper, the smooth surface of metal workpiece is measured by using digital speckle interferometry. The speckle on the measurement image is processed by the L

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Sjödahl, Mikael. "Practical limits and opportunities with speckle metrology." EPJ Web of Conferences 266 (2022): 10022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202226610022.

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In this presentation, the role of speckles as a carrier of information in phase-based optical metrology is re-visited. Starting with the fundamental mechanisms for speckle decorrelation it is shown that information about the state of an object is transferred through the modified mutual coherence function and can be detected either through the phase, speckle movement, speckle decorrelation or as a combination. The presentation is focusing on practical scale laws that set the limit for what is possible to achieve with present day technology and is demonstrated with a few examples incorporating m

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Fugger, Sif, Jonathan Gow, Hongfeng Ma, Villads Egede Johansen, and Ulrich J. Quaade. "Measured and Predicted Speckle Correlation from Diffractive Metasurface Diffusers." Photonics 11, no. 9 (2024): 845. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics11090845.

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Speckles are inherent in structured laser-based light projection using diffractive optics such as metasurfaces or diffractive optical elements (DOEs). One application of structured light is to provide illumination for machine vision and depth sensing. This is particularly attractive for mobile or low-power applications, where metasurfaces provide a compact, customizable solution, which can furthermore reach extreme field of illuminations. However, the speckles might limit detection capabilities by, e.g., lowering the detection range or providing false results. In this work, we present a series

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Acosta-Cárdenas, Jeniffer, Luis Felipe Jiménez-García, Sarai de Jesús Cruz-Gómez, Ana Paulina Mendoza-von der Borch, and María de Lourdes Segura-Valdez. "Microscopic Analysis of Nuclear Speckles in a Viviparous Reptile." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 10 (2024): 5281. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105281.

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Nuclear speckles are compartments enriched in splicing factors present in the nucleoplasm of eucaryote cells. Speckles have been studied in mammalian culture and tissue cells, as well as in some non-mammalian vertebrate cells and invertebrate oocytes. In mammals, their morphology is linked to the transcriptional and splicing activities of the cell through a recruitment mechanism. In rats, speckle morphology depends on the hormonal cycle. In the present work, we explore whether a similar situation is also present in non-mammalian cells during the reproductive cycle. We studied the speckled patt

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40

Smith, Stephen W., Gregg E. Trahey, Sylvia M. Hubbard, and Robert F. Wagner. "Properties of Acoustical Speckle in the Presence of Phase Aberration Part II: Correlation Lengths." Ultrasonic Imaging 10, no. 1 (1988): 29–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016173468801000103.

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In recent years, analysis of the second order statistics of ultrasound speckle has led to accurate prediction and measurements of the average speckle size in the transducer focal zone. In this paper, that work has been extended to the average speckle size as determined by the normalized autocovariance in the presence of transducer phase aberrations. In general, a phase aberration causes a narrowing of the main lobe of the normalized autocovariance in the lateral direction. However, the lateral speckle autocovariance also showed significant side lobes in the presence of phase aberrations, indic

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41

Iwai, Toshiaki, and Kazuyuki Shigeta. "Experimental Study on the Spatial Correlation Properties of Speckled Speckles Using Digital Speckle Photography." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 29, Part 1, No. 6 (1990): 1099–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.29.1099.

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42

Sutton, M., Y. Li, J. D. Brock, and R. E. Thorne. "X-ray intensity fluctuation spectroscopy measurements of the charge density wave phases of NbSe3." Journal de Physique IV 12, no. 9 (2002): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:20020342.

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An introduction to X-ray Intensity Fluctuation Spectroscopy (XIFS) is given by describing its relationship to speckle from coherent sources. A brief description of the relationship of XIFS measurements to the underlying equations of motion is given. Preliminary results for the charge density wave (CDW) system NbSe3 are then presented. Static speckle patterns are shown for the $\overrightarrow {Q}_1 = (0 .76$ 0) CDW peak showing that XIFS experiments are possible in this systom provided time constants are long enough. For electrical currents below threshold, a static speckle pattern is observed

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43

Zimnyakov, Dmitry, Valerij Tuchin, and Alexei Mishin. "Imaging of the biotissues fractal structures using spatial speckle-correlometry technique." Izvestiya VUZ. Applied Nonlinear Dynamics 4, no. 1 (1996): 49–59. https://doi.org/10.18500/0869-6632-1996-4-1-49-59.

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Far-zone speckles formation due to coherent beam diffraction on fractal structures is discussed using the random phase screen approach. Relationship between parameters of the structure functions of boundary field phase and speckle intensity fluctuations has been analyzed. Biotissues structure imaging technique using local estimations of the intensity exponential factor has been developed. Experiments with psoriasis human epidermis using scanning speckle-correlometer have shown the adequacy of the obtained 2Dimages to structure evolution character caused by disease progress.

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Lallena, M. J., and I. Correas. "Transcription-dependent redistribution of nuclear protein 4.1 to SC35-enriched nuclear domains." Journal of Cell Science 110, no. 2 (1997): 239–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.110.2.239.

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Protein 4.1, originally identified as a component of the membrane-skeleton of the red blood cell, has also been localized in the nucleus of mammalian cells. To learn more about nuclear 4.1 protein, we have analyzed the nature of its association with the nuclear structure in comparison with SC35 and snRNP antigens, splicing proteins of the nuclear speckle domains. When MDCK or HeLa cells were digested with DNase I and washed in the presence of high salt (2 M NaCl), snRNP antigens were extracted whereas protein 4.1 and SC35 remained colocalizing in nuclear speckles. In cells treated with RNase A

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45

Jin, Ming, Kun-Shan Chen, and Dengfeng Xie. "On the Very High-Resolution Radar Image Statistics of the Exponentially Correlated Rough Surface: Experimental and Numerical Studies." Remote Sensing 10, no. 9 (2018): 1369. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10091369.

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The aim of this study is to investigate, by means of experimental measurements and full-wave simulations, the dominant factors for the very high-resolution (VHR) radar image speckles from exponentially correlated rough surfaces. A Ka-band radar system was used to collect the return signal from such a surface sample fabricated by 3D printing and that signal was further processed into images at different resolution scales, where the image samples were obtained by horizontally turning around the surface sample. To cross-validate the results and to further discuss the VHR speckle properties, full

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46

Nishikawa, Jun. "The Coherent Differential Imaging on Speckle Area Nulling (CDI-SAN) Method for High-contrast Imaging under Speckle Variation." Astrophysical Journal 930, no. 2 (2022): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac5f44.

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Abstract Differential imaging is a postprocessing method to obtain high contrast, often used for exoplanet searches. The coherent differential imaging on speckle area nulling (CDI-SAN) method was developed to detect a faint exoplanet lying beneath residual speckles of a host star. It utilizes image acquisitions faster than the stellar speckle variation synchronized with five shapes of a deformable mirror repeatedly. By using only the integrated values of each of the five images and square differences for a long interval of observations, the light of the exoplanet could be separated from the st

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Bos, S. P. "Vector speckle grid: instantaneous incoherent speckle grid for high-precision astrometry and photometry in high-contrast imaging." Astronomy & Astrophysics 638 (June 2020): A118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202037957.

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Context. Photometric and astrometric monitoring of directly imaged exoplanets will deliver unique insights into their rotational periods, the distribution of cloud structures, weather, and orbital parameters. As the host star is occulted by the coronagraph, a speckle grid (SG) is introduced to serve as astrometric and photometric reference. Speckle grids are implemented as diffractive pupil-plane optics that generate artificial speckles at known location and brightness. Their performance is limited by the underlying speckle halo caused by evolving uncorrected wavefront errors. The speckle halo

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48

Trapani, Vittorio Di, Sara Savatović, Fabio De Marco, Ginevra Lautizi, Marco Margini, and Pierre Thibault. "Speckle-based imaging (SBI) applications with spectral photon counting detectors at the newly established OPTIMATO (OPTimal IMAging and TOmography) laboratory." Journal of Instrumentation 19, no. 01 (2024): C01018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/01/c01018.

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Abstract Speckle-based imaging (SBI) is an advanced X-ray imaging technique that measures phase and dark-field signals, in addition to absorption signals. SBI uses random wavefront modulators to generate speckles and requires two images: one with a speckle pattern alone, and one with both the sample and speckles. SBI reconstruction algorithms retrieve three signals (transmission, refraction, and dark-field) by comparing the two images. In SBI, speckle visibility plays a crucial role in the retrieval of the three signals. When translating the technique from synchrotron sources to compact labora

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49

Maire, Jérôme, Jonathan Gagné, David Lafrenière, James R. Graham, and René Doyon. "High-fidelity photometry and astrometry of high-contrast imaged companions using LOCI processing." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 8, S299 (2013): 44–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921313007795.

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RésuméDirect imaging and spectroscopy of exoplanets is a key element for understanding planet formation and migration. Such direct detections and characterizations remains technologically challenging, since a very high contrast ratio and small angular separation are involved, and futhermore speckle noise limits the high-contrast imaging performance. We further discuss a speckle subtraction and suppression technique that fully takes advantage of spectral and time-domain information on quasi-static speckles to measure the highest-fidelity photometry as well as accurate astrometry of detected com

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50

Ulianova, Onega, Sergey Ulyanov, Sergey Zaytsev, Yuriy Saltykov, Alexander Ulyanov, and Valentina Feodorova. "Could LASCA-imaging of GB-speckles be applied for a high discrimination and typing of pathogenic bacteria?" PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (2021): e0245657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245657.

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In this article, the method of analysis of GB-speckles (gene-based speckles) has been adapted to the problem of detecting the differences in a group of genes (usually 5–7), used in Multi Locus Sequence Typing (MLST). This method is based on s-LASCA imaging (spatial Laser Speckle Contrast Analysis) of virtual GB-speckle and on the technique of RGB coordinates for GB-speckles, processed by the s-LASCA method. A very high sensitivity and accuracy of the new method for detecting gene polymorphism as a great alternative to classical MLST has been demonstrated. The analysis of GB-speckles, obtained

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