Tesi sul tema "Système complexe adaptatif"
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Camus, Mickaël. "Système auto-adaptatif générique pour le contrôle de robots ou d'entités logicielles". Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066308.
Testo completoNisula, Jari M. "A risk management framework for a complex adaptive transport system". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30041.
Testo completoOver the last ten-fifteen years, science has made significant advances in fields relevant for risk management. However, current risk management practices in industry have not yet benefitted from these developments. The research question addressed in this dissertation is: What kind of risk management framework should be used for managing transport risks when the modern risk perspectives and the latest understanding of safety are embraced, and the transport system is considered a complex adaptive system? The focus of this research is on transport risks, taking the perspective of a national transport safety agency, tasked with overseeing safety across several modes of transport, including aviation, maritime, railway and road safety. The scientific literature on risk and risk assessment, safety and safety management, as well as complex adaptive systems are reviewed. The research illustrates that a modern risk perspective recognizes the importance of uncertainty and strength of knowledge in risk analysis, as well as the role of surprises. The transport system is identified as a complex adaptive system, characterized by a high number of interactions, emergence, multiple feedback loops, nonlinear phenomena, unpredictability and counter-intuitiveness. The recommended ways to interact with such complex systems and to try to achieve positive change are explained. Concepts related to safety management are also investigated, especially the concept of resilience, which is interpreted as graceful extensibility of teams or organizations, or as sustained adaptability. Evidence of existing risk management frameworks in both the industry and scientific literature is outlined and reference is made to the international ISO 31000 standard for risk management. Based on the literature review, a set of criteria for a modern risk management process is developed. A risk management framework for managing transport risks which embraces modern risk perspectives and accounts for the transport system as a complex adaptive system is proposed. It enables risks in all transport modes to be presented in a single risk picture and supports decision-making to maximize the safety impact achievable with limited resources. The impact is further enhanced by intervention strategies such as adaptive policies and experimentation, which are well-suited to complex systems. The framework is validated against the criteria developed, and by comparison to existing methods. A case study presents the on-going implementation of the developed risk management framework at the Finnish Transport Safety Agency. Both the proposed risk management framework and the dissertation are structured according to the ISO 31000 framework
Oh, Yoon Mi. "Linguistic complexity and information : quantitative approaches". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20072/document.
Testo completoThe main goal of using language is to transmit information. One of the fundamental questions in linguistics concerns the way how information is conveyed by means of language in human communication. So far many researchers have supported the uniform information density (UID) hypothesis asserting that due to channel capacity, speakers tend to encode information strategically in order to achieve uniform rate of information conveyed per linguistic unit. In this study, it is assumed that the encoding strategy of information during speech communication results from complex interaction among neurocognitive, linguistic, and sociolinguistic factors in the framework of complex adaptive system. In particular, this thesis aims to find general cross-language tendencies of information encoding and language structure at three different levels of analysis (i.e. macrosystemic, mesosystemic, and microsystemic levels), by using multilingual parallel oral and text corpora from a quantitative and typological perspective. In this study, language is defined as a complex adaptive system which is regulated by the phenomenon of self-organization, where the first research question comes from : "How do languages exhibiting various speech rates and information density transmit information on average ?". It is assumed that the average information density per linguistic unit varies during communication but would be compensated by the average speech rate. Several notions of the Information theory are used as measures for quantifying information content and the result of the first study shows that the average information rate (i.e. the average amount of information conveyed per second) is relatively stable within a limited range of variation among the 18 languages studied. While the first study corresponds to an analysis of self-organization at the macrosystemic level, the second study deals with linguistic subsystems such as phonology and morphology and thus, covers an analysis at the mesosystemic level. It investigates interactions between phonological and morphological modules by means of the measures of linguistic complexity of these modules. The goal is to examine whether the equal complexity hypothesis holds true at the mesosystemic level. The result exhibits a negative correlation between morphological and phonological complexity in the 14 languages and supports the equal complexity hypothesis from a holistic typological perspective. The third study investigates the internal organization of phonological subsystems by means of functional load (FL) at the microsystemic level. The relative contributions of phonological subsystems (segments, stress, and tones) are quantitatively computed by estimating their role of lexical strategies and are compared in 2 tonal and 7 non-tonal languages. Furthermore, the internal FL distribution of vocalic and consonantal subsystems is analyzed cross-linguistically in the 9 languages. The result highlights the importance of tone system in lexical distinctions and indicates that only a few salient high-FL contrasts are observed in the uneven FL distributions of subsystems in the 9 languages. This thesis therefore attempts to provide empirical and quantitative studies at the three different levels of analysis, which exhibit general tendencies among languages and provide insight into the phenomenon of self-organization
Baichoo, Elijah. "Oneness of Humanity : The Implementation of the Baha'i Faith's Paradigm of Social Transformation in the United States Analyzed as a Complex Adaptive System". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025SORUL015.
Testo completoThe purpose of this research is to analyze the implementation of the Bahá'í Faith's paradigm of social transformation, which is founded on the principle of oneness of humanity. The oneness of humanity is understood by the Bahá'í Faith as the ultimate evolutionary stage of the human species when all the peoples and nations of the world will be unified as “a single social organism.” The Bahá'í Faith asserts that a world that functions as a single social organism is an exigency for the collective search of solutions to local and global problems such as climate change, natural resource depletions, inequalities, prejudices of all kinds, the deprivation of human rights, economic disparities,ideological polarizations, rampant nationalism and wars. It views the succeeding identity,social, political and environmental crises in the world as a transitional phase engenderedby the multitudinous diversity of human components struggling unwittingly to reach collective maturity and achieve unity, the inevitable evolutionary process towards a global peaceful civilization. Its approach to social concord and human evolution is presented as a framework for practical solutions to the underlying ideological, structural and sociopolitical fragmentation and polarization that paralyze most countries, and particularly the United States. The dissertation argues the Bahá'í community model is a complex adaptive system. It is designed to be agent-based, decentralized, interconnected through multilevel networks, self-organized and without hierarchy or leaders, so as to favor agency and autonomy, nonlinear interactions, multilevel flow of information and feedback loops, characteristics that when properly guided may exhibit collective emergent properties like social cognition. The observation and analysis of the implementation of the framework for action was carried out during a four-month field research in 12 cities throughout seven states across the United States in 2022 and 2024. The findings, based on some 50 activities and 70 interviews in neighborhoods with a high density of immigrant populations, show that the program of community building at the grassroots seeks to bring people from various political, social, cultural or religious backgrounds together to address issues like racism and ideologies of “us and them” through instruments and processes of collective learning, capacity building and coordinated actions of civic engagement. The research shows that the endeavors of community building exhibit a rather firm foundation for empowering the agency of individuals and creating a sense of collective vision, purpose and action for social change, especially among the youth involved in the program. The community's modes of self-organization, although already functioning with some degree of complexity, are still at an embryonic stage, and thus the number of protagonists involved has yet to reach a critical mass to engender significant exogenous transformation and influence its wider social environment.The main contribution of this dissertation is the study of the distinct social structure of a little known religious community and its endeavors to bring about social change. It provides fresh insights into the role of individual agency in upward causation that shapes community life and structures institutions, and into a new democratic mode of decision- making and social engagement based on cooperation and collective will
Mahdjoub, Jason. "Vers un système de vision auto-adaptatif à base de systèmes multi-agents". Phd thesis, Université de Reims - Champagne Ardenne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00937422.
Testo completoChamaillard, Yann. "Modélisation et identification de systèmes complexes : application à des véhicules routiers en vue de l'étude d'un nouveau système de freinage". Mulhouse, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MULH0437.
Testo completoWelch, John Joseph. "Rates of adaptation in complex genetic systems". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.401980.
Testo completoGhnemat, Rawan. "Modélisation adaptative pour l'émergence spatiale dans les systèmes complexes". Phd thesis, Université du Havre, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00429162.
Testo completoDruelle, Johan. "Le virus de la rougeole, un système complexe : adaptation, atténuation et modélisation". Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00294057.
Testo completoL'analyse génétique d'une souche sauvage, G954-PBL, et d'une souche adaptée par 13 passages en cellules Vero, G954-V13, a mis en évidence uniquement 5 substitutions d'acides aminés. Ces mutations ont affecté la athogénicité de la souche qui est devenue atténuée dans un modèle de souris transgéniques pour l'un des récepteurs du VR. L'adaptation à un contexte cellulaire au cours de la propagation limite la croissance d'une souche dans un autre environnement, sauf dans le cas des souches vaccinales, robustes. Contrairement au dogme établi, les IFN de type I ne semblent pas jouer un rôle majeur dans cette atténuation.
En parallèle, nous avons développé deux approches mathématiques du cycle viral permettant de mieux interpréter les interrelations virus/cellule. A l'échelle moléculaire, nous proposons plusieurs hypothèses du fonctionnement de la polymérase virale, permettant d'établir le gradient d'ARNm critique pour le développement du virus. Dans une optique multi-échelle, nous avons également modélisé l'ensemble du cycle infectieux du VR. Ces travaux constituent les bases d'une approche inédite de la pathogénie de ce virus.
A travers plusieurs approches expérimentales, ces travaux mettent en avant l'aspect complexe du virus de la rougeole et permettent d'envisager de nouvelles pistes thérapeutiques.
Charrier, Rodolphe. "L'intelligence en essaim sous l'angle des systèmes complexes : étude d'un système multi-agent réactif à base d'itérations logistiques couplées". Phd thesis, Université Nancy II, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00442841.
Testo completoAtkinson, Simon Reay. "Engineering design adaptation fitness in complex adaptive systems". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648674.
Testo completoTurati, Pietro. "Méthodes de simulation adaptative pour l’évaluation des risques de système complexes". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLC032/document.
Testo completoRisk assessment is conditioned on the knowledge and information available at the moment of the analysis. Modeling and simulation are ways to explore and understand system behavior, for identifying critical scenarios and avoiding surprises. A number of simulations of the model are run with different initial and operational conditions to identify scenarios leading to critical consequences and to estimate their probabilities of occurrence. For complex systems, the simulation models can be: i) high-dimensional; ii) black-box; iii) dynamic; and iv) computationally expensive to run, preventing the analyst from running the simulations for the multiple conditions that need to be considered.The present thesis presents advanced frameworks of simulation-based risk assessment. The methods developed within the frameworks are attentive to limit the computational cost required by the analysis, in order to keep them scalable to complex systems. In particular, all methods proposed share the powerful idea of automatically focusing and adaptively driving the simulations towards those conditions that are of interest for the analysis, i.e., for risk-oriented information.The advantages of the proposed methods have been shown with respect to different applications including, among others, a gas transmission subnetwork, a power network and the Advanced Lead Fast Reactor European Demonstrator (ALFRED)
Faisal, Behadili Suhad. "Adaptative modeling of urban dynamics with mobile phone database". Thesis, Le Havre, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LEHA0017/document.
Testo completoIn this study, we are interested in the study of urban mobility from traces of mobile data that were provided by the operator Orange. The data provided relate to the region of the city of Rouen, during an ephemeral event that is the Armada of 2008. In a first study, a large amount of data is managed to extract characteristics allowing to qualify the uses of the city during ephemeral events, depending on the days of activity of the individuals. Visualizations are given and make it possible to understand the mobilities generated in a specific way during the event. In the second part, we study the reconstruction of trajectories with aggregated approaches inspired by statistical physics techniques in order to reveal behaviors according to periods of activity and a spatial division in large urban areas. In order to obtain the general mobility law by observing distributions in power law characteristic for the studied complex system
Hermosillo, Gabriel. "Towards Creating Context-Aware Dynamically-Adaptable Business Processes Using Complex Event Processing". Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00709303.
Testo completoMeslmawy, Mahdi Abed Salman. "Efficient ressources management in a ditributed computer system, modeled as a dynamic complex system". Thesis, Le Havre, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LEHA0007/document.
Testo completoGrids and clouds are types of currently widely known distributed computing systems or DCSs. DCSs are complex systems in the sense that their emergent global behavior results from decentralized interaction of its parts and is not guided directly from a central point. In our study, we present a complex system model that efficiently manages the ressources of a DCS. The entities of the DCS react to system instability and adjust their environmental condtions for optimizing system performance. The structure of the interaction networks that allow fast and reliable access to available resources is studied and improvements ar proposed
Moui, Audrey. "Un cadriciel pour une surveillance adaptative de réseaux et systèmes complexes". Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2027/.
Testo completoThe objective of the work reported in this thesis is to propose a software framework able to support the automation of a monitoring activity adaptation. Such an adaptation results in a modification of the way to monitor. Consequently, it is required to define a control plane able to manage the set of the underlying monitoring mechanisms. With the concern to propose a solution both the most generic, modular and reusable as possible, we have identified three properties from which has been designed the architecture of the proposed framework : configurability is the ability to initiate and then to modify at runtime without disruption both the scope and the parameters that govern the behavior of the monitoring mechanisms (for example polling or event reporting), adaptability is the ability to dynamically modify the behavior of a complete monitoring activity, thus allowing the achievement of an adaptation, governability is the ability to detect an adaptation requirement and to trigger the enforcement of the monitoring activity adaptation. Each of these three layers of the framework has been designed, implemented, tested and evaluated. Our approach, its models and their formalization are independent of any technological environment
Zouari, Farouk [Verfasser]. "Sur la Commande Adaptative Neuronale de Systèmes Dynamiques Complexes / Farouk Zouari". München : GRIN Verlag, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1184038775/34.
Testo completoJÃnior, Antenor Teixeira de Almeida. "EspaÃos e atratores: estratÃgias de categorizaÃÃo na emergÃncia de interferÃncias sobre a conceitualizaÃÃo de violÃncia". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2013. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=15856.
Testo completoNesta pesquisa, analisamos as caracterÃsticas e mecanismos que tornam a categorizaÃÃo, como processo cognitivo, um Sistema Adaptativo Complexo e as estratÃgias de categorizaÃÃo que atuam na emergÃncia de inferÃncias para a conceitualizaÃÃo da categoria VIOLÃNCIA e a subcategoria VIOLÃNCIA URBANA. Nosso suporte teÃrico para a investigaÃÃo dos nossos objetivos sÃo os pressupostos do paradigma do caos, da complexidade e dos sistemas complexos, conforme delineados por Bertalanffy (1977), Morin (2005), Holland (1995; 1998) e Larsen- Freeman e Cameron (2008; 2012), que propÃem os conceitos de sistemas, complexidade, atratores, espaÃo fase e caracterÃsticas e mecanismos de um Sistema Adaptativo Complexo. No caso do processo inferencial, buscamos amparo teÃrico na Teoria da RelevÃncia, conforme proposta por Sperber e Wilson (1995; 2001), Feltes (1999; 2007), Alves e GonÃalves (2006) e Yus (2008; 2013). Para chegarmos à caracterizaÃÃo da categorizaÃÃo como Sistema Adaptativo Complexo, levamos em consideraÃÃo as propriedades apresentadas por Holland (1995) e Larsen- Freeman e Cameron (2008), buscando ampliar o conceito e explicar a instabilidade do sistema categorizacional à luz da complexidade (MORIN, 1977). Para essa investigaÃÃo com base na complexidade foi necessÃrio ainda incluir o conceito de sistema, espaÃo fase e atratores tÃo caros à abordagem metodolÃgica utilizada. Esse procedimento resultou em uma tipologia de estratÃgias de categorizaÃÃo para anÃlise e explicitaÃÃo de como se aciona os diversos espaÃos possÃveis para conceitualizaÃÃo de VIOLÃNCIA. Escolhemos a categoria VIOLÃNCIA para investigar nosso objetivo tendo em vista a atualizaÃÃo do assunto nos Ãltimos vinte anos e pelos trabalhos com essa categoria realizados por Larsen-Freeman e Cameron, Macedo e Feltes, cujos estudos serviram de base para nossa proposta metodolÃgica. Para verificarmos nossas hipÃteses, utilizamos como desenho metodolÃgico uma pesquisa com observaÃÃo direta e intensiva de 33 categorizadores que responderam a questionÃrios sobre a categorizaÃÃo de VIOLÃNCIA e participaram de protocolos verbais para verificaÃÃo dos mecanismos de inferenciaÃÃo. Os resultados das anÃlises permitem as seguintes conclusÃes: a categorizaÃÃo de VIOLÃNCIA possui propriedades e mecanismos dos Sistemas Adaptativos Complexos, pois os sistemas apresentam no todo e nas partes, variedade dentro de uma estabilidade. Os categorizadores utilizam o processo inferencial para acionar os atratores que levam ao espaÃo fase em que se encontram diversos conhecimentos sobre violÃncia para sua conceitualizaÃÃo de forma estratÃgica.
In this research, I analyzed the characteristics and mechanisms that make categorization, as a cognitive process, a Complex Adaptive System and the strategies of categorization that work in the emergency of inferences for the conceptualization of the category VIOLENCE and subcategory URBAN VIOLENCE. The theoretical support for the investigation of the research aims are the assumptions of the paradigm of chaos, complexity and complex systems, as outlined by Bertalanffy (1977), Morin (2005), Holland (1995, 1998) and Larsen-Freeman and Cameron ( 2008; 2012), who propose the concepts of systems, complexity, attractors, phase space and characteristics and mechanisms of a Complex Adaptive System. In the case of inferential process, I sought theoretical support in Relevance Theory, as proposed by Sperber and Wilson (1995, 2001), Feltes (1999, 2007), Alves and GonÃalves (2006) and Yus (2008, 2013). To get to the characterization of categorization as a Complex Adaptive System, I considered the properties presented by Holland (1995) and Larsen-Freeman and Cameron (2008), seeking to expand the concept and explain the instability of the categorical system based on the complexity theory (Morin, 1977). For this investigation, based on the complexity theory, it was also necessary to include the concept of system, phase space and attractors so relevant to the methodological approach used in this research. Such a procedure resulted in a typology of categorization strategies for the analysis and explanation of how the various feasible spaces for the conceptualizing of VIOLENCE are triggered. The category "VIOLENCE" was chosen for analysis in view of its update status in the last twenty years and the various researches on the subject carried out by Larsen-Freeman and Cameron, Macedo and Feltes, scholars whose studies served as basis for the methodological proposal of this thesis. In order to verify the research hypotheses, a methodological design which involved intensive direct observation of 33 categorizers was used. The participants answered questionnaires about the categorization of VIOLENCE and participated of verbal protocols to verify the inference mechanisms involved in the process. The analyses result allow for the following conclusions: VIOLENCE categorization has the properties and mechanisms of Complex Adaptive Systems because the systems present, in whole and in parts, variation within a stable range. The categorizers use the inferential process to trigger the attractors that lead to the phase space in which diverse knowledge about violence is available for its conceptualization in a strategic way.
Chaves, Café Daniel. "Multi-level modeling for verification and synthesis of complex systems in a multi-physics context". Thesis, CentraleSupélec, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SUPL0019/document.
Testo completoIn the era of highly integrated electronics systems, engineers face the challenge of designing and testing multi-faceted systems with single-domain tools. This is difficult and error-prone. These so called heterogeneous systems have their operation and specifications expressed by several formalisms, each one particular to specific domains or engineering fields (software, digital hardware, analog, etc.). Existing design tools are meant to deal with homogeneous designs using one formalism at a time. In the current state, industry is forced to battle with integration issues at every design step, i.e. specification, simulation, validation and deployment. Common divide-to-conquer approaches do not include cross-domain interface specification from the beginning of the project. This lack is often the cause of issues and rework while trying to connect parts of the system that were not designed with the same formalism. This thesis proposes an approach to deal with heterogeneity by embracing it from the beginning of the project using SysML as the unifying tool. Our proposal hinges on the assignment of well-defined semantics to SysML diagrams, together with semantic adaptation elements. To demonstrate the effectiveness of this concept, a toolchain is built and used to generate systems simulation executable code automatically from SysML specifications for different target languages using model driven engineering techniques
Spiesser, Christophe. "Méthode de simulation appropriée aux systèmes complexes : preuve de concept auto-adaptative et auto-apprenante appliquée aux transferts thermiques". Thesis, Ecole nationale des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EMAC0005/document.
Testo completoAs computing power increases, engineers and designers tackle increasingly complex problems using simulation (multiphysics, multiscale, intricated geometries ...). In this context, discretization-based quadratures (FDM, FEM, FVM) show their limit: the need of a great number of sub-domains which induces prohibitive consumption of RAM and CPU power. The Monte Carlo method appears to be more appropriate, but the difficulty to build probabilistic models of complex systems forms a bottleneck. A systemic approach is proposed to alleviate it and is implemented to create a proof-of-concept dedicated to the coupled heat transfer simulation. After a successful validation step against analytical solutions, this tool is applied to illustrative cases (emulating heat transfer in buildings and in solar heating systems) in order to study its simulation capabilities.This approach presents a major beneficial behavior for complex systems simulation: the computation time only depends on the influential parts of the problem. These parts are automatically identified, even in intricate or extensive geometries, which makes the simulation self-adaptive. In addition, the computational performance and the system scale ratio are completely uncorrelated. Consequently, this approach shows an exceptional capacity to tackle multiphysics and multiscale problems. Each temperature is estimated using exploration paths. By statistically analyzing these paths during the process, the tool is able to generate a reduced predictive model of this physical quantity, which is bringing a self-learning capacity to the simulation. Its use can significantly improve optimization and control of processes, or simplify inverse measurements. Furthermore, based on this model, an uncertainty propagation analysis has been performed. It quantifies the effect of uncertainties affecting boundary conditions on the temperature. Finally a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) process, based on simulations done by the framework, is successfully carried out
Charrier, Rodolphe. "L'intelligence en essaim sous l'angle des systèmes complexes : étude d'un système multi-agent réactif à base d'itérations logistiques couplées". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Nancy 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NAN23001.
Testo completoSwarm Intelligence is from now on a full part of Distributed Artificial Intelligence. Its associated problematics meet many other fields and scientific questions. The concept of swarm in particular belongs to the science called the science of complex systems. This phd thesis shows the design and the characteristics and the applications of a novel type of model called the logistic multi-agent system (LMAS) dedicated to the Swarm Intelligence field. The LMAS has its foundations in complex system modeling: it is inspired from the coupled logistic map lattice model which has been adapted to the ``Influence-Reaction'' modeling of multi-agent systems. This model is based on universal principles such as synchronization and parametric control which are considered as the main mechanisms of self-organization and adaptation in the heart of the system. The field-layered based environment is the other important feature of the LMAS, since it enables indirect interactions and plays the part of a data structure for the whole system. The work of this thesis is put into practice for simulation and optimization.The novelty of the LMAS lies in its generic theoretical framework, which enables to tackle problems considered as distinct in the literature, in particular flocking and ant-like stigmergic behavior. This model meets the need of explaining basic mechanisms and the need of synthesizing generative algorithms for the Swarm Intelligence
Welcomme, Jean-Baptiste. "MASCODE : un système multi-agent adaptatif pour concevoir des produits complexes. Application à la conception préliminaire avion". Phd thesis, Toulouse 3, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00446144.
Testo completoTouati, Youcef. "Contribution à la commande des systèmes complexes selon une approche orientée agents neuros-flous". Paris 12, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA120027.
Testo completoThe work presented in this thesis deals with adaptive control of complex robotics systems and treats, particularly, the problem of force control. The complex modeling of such systems along with the large number of control parameters, limit the application field of a conventional approaches and lead us to prospect new control approaches such as Neural Networks (NN) and Fuzzy Inference Systems (FIS). Although, NN often gives good simulation or experimentation results, however, this approach requires an input/output reference set and suffers from the absence of interpretability of system dynamics behavior. At the opposite to NN, the FIS approach permits, on one hand, to exploit the available knowledge without requiring an analytical model, which is difficult to obtain, and on the other hand, to translate the dynamics behavior into an expert valuation rules expressed in a simple language. In this framework, two contributions are presented. The first one consists in proposing a FIS conception methodology for identification and control. The second one consists in the generation and optimization of fuzzy controllers using clustering method based on an inclusion concept. This concept permits to build a knowledge base exhibiting a reasonable size and legible and interpretable rules, without loss of accuracy. The proposed approach has been validated in simulation on 2-DOF planar robot executing a following contour task according to an adaptive external force control. The efficiency of the proposed approach has been proved from time and error convergence point of view
Georgé, Jean-Pierre. "Résolution de problèmes par émergence : étude d'un environnement de programmation émergente". Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30088.
Testo completoWe propose to realize an Emergent Programming Environment enabling the design of complex adaptive systems, based on emergence and multi-agent systems, so as to meet the future needs in computer science. The general aim is to realize a complete programming language in which each instruction is an autonomous agent trying to be constantly cooperative. By giving these instruction-agents self-organizing mechanisms, we obtain a system able to continuously adapt itself to the task required by the user. The work presented in this document shows the feasibility of this concept by specifying, and then putting to experimentation, a core dedicated to a subset of mathematical calculus. In parallel, this approach by emergence is generalized to any type of problem solving. We propose a discussion and a framework for problems manageable by self-organization
Boes, Jérémy. "Apprentissage du contrôle de systèmes complexes par l'auto-organisation coopérative d'un système multi-agent : application à la calibration de moteurs à combustion". Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2287/.
Testo completoControlling a system means applying the adequate modifications on its inputs in order to put him in a desired state. Usual methods rely on mathematical models of the controlled system to compute the actions. These methods find their limits when the controlled system is complex, for instance, those with non-linear dynamics or subject to noise. Building a model of such systems is a difficult task that may take several years. On one hand, avoiding the use of a model requires a controller able to learn. On the other hand, the distribution of the control, i. E. Assigning the control of each input to a local controller, enables the control to deal with the complexity of a system. Thus, Multi-Agent Systems (MASs), which are naturally distributed, are a good alternative. In particular, Adaptive Multi-Agent Systems (AMASs) rely on the self-organization of the agents to enable the emergence of an adequate global function. This self-organization is driven by cooperation principles. Applied to the problem of learning the control, this approach leads to the definition of a specific AMAS, presented in this thesis. Experimentations, lead on a real heat engine, show the ability of the AMAS to control several inputs with several control criteria, while being robust to perturbations and easy to instantiate
Picard, Gauthier. "Méthodologie de développement de systèmes multi-agents adaptatifs et conception de logiciels à fonctionnalité émergente". Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30199.
Testo completoEnvironments within which applications are embeded are growing in complexity and dynamicity and their functions become more and more difficult to define. Their specifications are often incomplete, even if their components are easily identifiable and specifiable. Without new design and modelling methods, managing such project will become too contraining, long and costly to cope with. We propose to use cooperative self-organising adaptative multi-agent systems to tackle these design problems and to specify the ADELFE methodology based on these emergence oriented principles and defined by a RUP-based process, UML/AUML-based notations and tools for supporting the notations and the process. This approach has been confronted to the development of experimental applications. Some results from a dynamic timetable solver, ETTO, and from a multi-robot transportation task are presented and analysed
Rouissi, Firas. "Contribution à l'analyse des propriétés d'observabilité et de diagnosticabilité des systèmes complexes. Application à une éolienne". Rouen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ROUES032.
Testo completoFléchon, Elsa. "Définition d'un modèle unifié pour la simulation physique adaptative avec changements topologiques". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10284/document.
Testo completoThe work made during my PhD, respond to the problematic of physical simulation of the behavior of deformable objects subject to topological changes in interactive time. My work resulted in the definition of a new unified model coupling a complete topological model and a physical model for physical simulation of deformable objects decomposed in surface as volume elements, while performing during this simulation topological changes such as cutting or subdivision local of a mesh element. This operation allowed us to propose an adaptive method where mesh elements are refined during the simulation according to a geometric criterion. For the topological model of our unified model, we made the choice of combinatorial maps and more particularly linear cellular complexes. Their main advantage of the latter is the simplicity of its equations, its intuitive implementation, its interactivity and its ease to handle topological changes. Finally, the definition of a unified model allowed us to propose a model avoiding duplication of information and facilitate the update after topological changes
Traoré, Moussa Amadou. "Supervision adaptative et pronostic de défaillance pour la maintenance prévisionnelle de systèmes évolutifs complexes". Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10146/document.
Testo completoAn effective predictive maintenance relies on the one hand, on an accurate modeling of available expert knowledge (Failure Mode, Effects and Criticality Analysis, Fault Tree, etc) and on the other hand, on monitoring tools that are sensitive to changes in the process under consideration. The performance of the monitoring tools consists not only in their ability to estimate and analyze the process state in real-time, but also in their capability to predict the future states. On this basis, indicators derived from the probabilistic prediction of failure occurrences can be exploited for the efficient planning of maintenance actions. Based on the predefined expert knowledge, we propose an approach of supervision based on a pattern recognition technique, the AUDyC algorithm (Auto-adaptive and Dynamical Clustering), which is particularly suitable for dynamic and complex systems monitoring. The proposed supervision approach allows us to (i) monitor the operational status of the system in real-time, with a minimum prior physical knowledge, (ii) detect and diagnose any change in the system behavior, even if the system evolves to a previously unknown state, (iii) update the basis of knowledge about the system by integrating new features into it. In order to provide in real-time an estimate of the future state of the system, a prognosis technique is coupled with the above mentioned supervision unit. This makes it possible to compute, with a certain reliability, the probability that a failure occurs at a given future time. Finally, the whole architecture for both supervision and prognosis is applied for the predictive maintenance of a real thermoregulation system
Mc, Ewen Laurel. "An anthropological analysis of the relationship between conventional and complementary medicine in contemporary France". Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0002.
Testo completoThis thesis explores the paradoxical relationship between conventional and complementary medicine in contemporary France; a country in which a multitude of complementary practices are flourishing despite the presence of an institutionalized hostility against these unsanctioned forms of medical practice and the overall lack of national legislation for their regulation. To do so, it uses an ethnographic approach that is based on three and a half years of participant observation and semi-directed, open-ended interviews conducted with practitioners, users, administrators, lobbies, organizations, and educators on both sides of the conventional-complementary relationship. The analysis is framed using a complex adaptive systems approach and globalization theory, with an emphasis on the interrelationship between and co-evolution of science, medicine, and society. Representations of health, illness, well-being, and the art of healing are considered through the analysis of rhetoric collected from both sides of the conventional-complementary relationship; as are the stigmas, stereotypes, and fears that characterize the perceptions of both sides. Multiple case studies are presented evidencing the integration of complementary practices in both private hospitals and public university-hospitals in contemporary France, as are case studies drawn from participant observation. Together these cases provide a nuanced notion of the “acceptance” of a complementary practice in French society and the patterns emerging from individual efforts to integrate complementary medicine in mainstream French society. These dynamics are considered within the context of globalized public health trends that are creating a “place” for complementary medicine and in terms of the current backlash against complementary medicine in French society. This thesis concludes with some reflections on the potential for the continuing growth and integration of complementary medicine in contemporary France, despite the negative representations associated with it and the enduring political unwillingness to create legislation regulating it
Mefteh, Wafa. "Simulation based design for adaptive multi-agent systems with the ADELFE methodology". Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/3062/.
Testo completoSome complex systems are qualified by the heterogeneity and diversity of actors involved, the large mass of data, by the distribution of the manipulated information and also by the dynamic of the environments in which they are immersed. Modeling such complex systems requires the use of efficient techniques. In recent years, several research works are interested in the development of new techniques best suited to this kind of problems. The AMAS theory (Adaptive Multi-Agent System) was proposed to model complex systems. This theory has shown that for a system immersed in a dynamic environment, a system in cooperative interactions with its environment is functionally adequate. The ADELFE methodology was proposed to guide the AMAS designers through an approach based on the RUP (Rational Unified Process). However, the AMAS theory stipulates that the designer must find all Non Cooperative Situations that an agent may encounter or create. For each of these situations, it must give the actions to be performed to ensure the agent to come back and stay in a cooperative state with others and himself. Building such self-organizing systems is not an easy task. The objective of this thesis is to provide agents behaviours to self-design and validate these systems. The goal is to help the designer, to discharge him from the inherent difficulty in search of cooperative behaviour of agents and accelerate design time. For this, this thesis studied the contribution of simulation to design these systems. Simulation enables to improve and test the behaviour of an agent but also the behaviour of the collective. The objective is also to enrich the ADELFE methodology by engineering processes and tools to achieve the "living design" that integrates modelling, programming and simulation techniques
Azamfar, Moslem. "Deep Learning-based Domain Adaptation Methodology for Fault Diagnosis of Complex Manufacturing Systems". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1623168030554759.
Testo completoCapéra, Davy. "Systèmes multi-agents adaptatifs pour la résolution de problèmes : application à la conception de mécanismes". Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30293.
Testo completoThe object of this thesis is the development of an automatic design process for mechanical systems based on the theory of adaptive multi-agent systems
Lopes, Neto Gilson Ramos. "Prótese vocálica em sequência sC inicial por falantes brasileiros de francês L2". Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2018. http://guaiaca.ufpel.edu.br:8080/handle/prefix/4069.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
O presente trabalho investigou como o fenômeno protético se manifesta no francês como língua não nativa, i. e. adicional (LA/L2/LE) por brasileiros falantes nativos do português brasileiro (PB) como única língua materna (L1). A prótese vocálica, observada no percurso histórico de diversas línguas, dentre elas o português, caracteriza-se pela inserção de vogal não etimológica em início de palavra (DUBOIS et al., 2002; VIARO, 2004). Estudos do inglês LA/L2/LE apontam que falantes PB-L1 realizam prótese quando se deparam com a sequência de sibilante com consoante em início de palavra (#sC), incomum no PB. A presente investigação foi realizada à luz dos Sistemas Adaptativos Complexos (SAC) (LARSEN-FREEMAN, 1997; DE BOT ET AL., 2007; LARSENFREEMAN E CAMERON, 2008; ELLIS E LARSEN-FREEMAN, 2009). Genebra (Suíça) foi o locus da pesquisa e, para proceder à análise, 9 brasileiras (24-37 anos) compuseram o grupo experimental. Todas residem na cidade, são falantes do PB como única L1 e estão matriculadas em curso de francês LA/L2/LE. A pesquisa contou igualmente com um grupo-controle, composto por 2 genebrinas nativas falantes do francês como única L1 (22-57 anos). Usando pressupostos da Fonologia Gestual (BROWMAN e GOLDSTEIN, 1988, 1989, 1992; ALBANO, 1990, 2001), foram analisados acusticamente via freeware Praat os dados coletados a partir da leitura de frases-veículo realizada pelas informantes dos 2 grupos. Buscou-se averiguar o papel das seguintes variáveis linguísticas e “extralinguísticas” na produção protética do grupo experimental: contextos precedente e seguinte à sibilante, frequência de ocorrência, ordem de leitura, nível de proficiência e tempo de residência em Genebra. Os resultados mostram que 34.8% das leituras (451 de 1296 frases lidas) apresentam prótese cuja qualidade das vogais produzidas aponta formas híbridas: média-alta anterior, observado no PB, porém com arredondamento bilabial parcial, recorrente no francês. Os dados apresentam relevância estatística de p<0.001 nos quesitos contexto precedente, frequência de uso, tempo de residência, nível de proficiência, hábito linguístico diário; e p=0.047 na ordem de leitura. Os resultados apontam que 5 variáveis têm relevância na produtividade do fenômeno protético: (i) estudantes nível B1 segundo o Quadro Europeu, (ii) informantes com até 12 meses de residência em Genebra, (iii) palavras-alvo de média frequência de ocorrência, (iv) contexto precedente vozeado e (v) a 1a produção da leitura tríplice. Os resultados sugerem que o repertório fonológico das informantes parece não refletir fielmente a L1. Reitera-se, portanto, que fatores linguísticos e “extralinguísticos” atuam dinamicamente no desenvolvimento de LA/L2/LE, corroborando a imprevisibilidade e a não linearidade da linguagem postuladas pelo paradigma da complexidade.
This study investigated how the prosthetic phenomenon acts in French as a non native language, i. e. an additional language (AL/L2/FL) by Brazilian Portuguese speakers (BP) as the only mother tongue language (L1). The vowel prosthesis, observed in the historical course of several languages, among them Portuguese, is characterized by the insertion of a non-etymological vowel at the beginning of a word (DUBOIS et al., 2002; VIARO, 2004). Studies of English AL/L2/FL point out that BP-L1 speakers perform prosthesis when they encounter the sibilant with a consonant word-initial sequence (#sC), uncommon in BP. The present work is proceeded in the light of the Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS) (LARSENFREEMAN, 1997; DE BOT et al., 2007; LARSEN-FREEMAN and CAMERON, 2008; ELLIS and LARSEN-FREEMAN, 2009). Geneva (Switzerland) was the locus of this research and, to carry out this analysis, 9 Brazilian women (aged 24-37) composed the experimental group. They are resident in the city, BP speakers as the only L1 and enrolled in a French LA/L2/LE course. The research counted on a control group as well, composed of 2 Geneva female citizens French only speakers as L1 (aged 22-57). Using assumptions of Gestural Phonology (BROWMAN and GOLDSTEIN, 1988, 1989, 1992; ALBANO, 1990, 2001), the collected data of the reading of carrier sentences done by the 2 group of participants was acoustically analyzed via Praat freeware. The role of the following linguistic and "extralinguistic" variables in the prosthetic production of the experimental group was investigated: preceding and following context of the sibilant, frequency of occurrence, reading order, lexical proficiency and length of residence in Geneva. The results show that 34.8% of the readings (451 over 1296 read sentences) has a prosthesis whose its quality shows hybrid forms: an anterior medium-high vowel, as observed in PB, but with some partial bilabial rounding, recurrent in French. The data presents a statistical significance of p<0.001 in the previous context, frequency of use, length of residence, level of proficiency, daily linguistic habit; and p=0.047 in the reading order variable. The results indicate that 5 variables have relevance in the productivity of prosthetic phenomena: (i) level B1 of European Framework of Languages students, (ii) informants with up to 12 months of residence in Geneva, (iii) medium-frequency target words, (iv) voiced precedent context and (v) the 1st production of the triple reading. The findings suggest that the informants' phonological repertory does not seem to accurately reflect L1. It is therefore reiterated that linguistic and "extralinguistic" agents act dynamically in the development of AL/L2/FL, corroborating the unpredictability and non-linearity of language postulated by the paradigm of complexity.
Cette étude a investigué comment le phénomène prothétique se produit en français langue non maternelle, i. e. additionnelle (LA/L2/LE) par des locuteurs natifs de portugais brésilien (PB) comme la seule langue maternelle (L1). Le phénomène prothétique, observé au cours historique de plusieurs langues dont le portugais, il se caractérise par l'insertion d’une voyelle non-étymologique au début de mot (DUBOIS et al., 2002; VIARO, 2004). Des recherches d’anglais LA/L2/LE montrent que des individus PB-L1 produisent la prothèse face à la séquence de sifflante avec consonne au début de mot (#sC), inhabituel en PB. Cette étude a été réalisée à la lumière des Systèmes Adaptatifs Complexes (SAC) (LARSENFREEMAN, 1997; DE BOT et al., 2007 ; LARSEN-FREEMAN et CAMERON, 2008; ELLIS et LARSEN-FREEMAN, 2009). Genève (Suisse) est le locus de la recherche et, pour procéder à l’analyse, 9 Brésiliennes (24-37 ans) ont composé le groupe expérimental. Étant toutes résidentes dans ladite ville, elles ont le PB comme seule L1 et sont inscrites à des cours de français LA/L2/LE. La présente recherche a également compté sur un groupe contrôle, composé de 2 Genevoises parlant le français comme unique L1 (22-57 ans). Se servant des préceptes théoriques de la Phonologie Gestuelle (BROWMAN et GOLDSTEIN, 1988, 1989, 1992 ; ALBANO, 1990, 2001), les données collectées à partir de la lecture de phrases-cadre par les participantes des 2 groupes ont été analysées par le freeware Praat. On a contrôlé le rôle des facteurs qui favorisaient la réalisation de la prothèse vocalique par le groupe expérimental sur le plan linguistique et « extralinguistique » comme suit : les contextes précédant et suivant à la sifflante, la fréquence d'occurrence, l’ordre de lecture, le niveau de français et le temps de résidence à Genève. Les résultats présentent que 34,8% des lectures (451 sur 1296 phrases-cible lues) disposent d’une voyelle prothétique, dont sa qualité est caractérisée par des formes hybrides : voyelle antérieure moyenne-haute, observée en PB, mais avec quelque arrondissement bilabiale, présent en français. Les données démontrent signification statistique de p<0.001 en ce qui concerne le contexte précédent, la fréquence d'utilisation, le temps de résidence, le niveau de français LA, la/les langue(s) utilisée(s) au quotidien; et p=0.047 pour l'ordre de lecture. Les résultats constatent que 5 variables semblent favoriser la productivité du phénomène prothétique: (i) les apprenantes niveau B1 selon le Cadre Européen, (ii) les participantes résidant à Genève depuis 12 mois ou moins, (iii) les mots-cible de moyenne fréquence d'usage en français, (iv) le contexte précédent voisé et (v) la 1ère production de la triple lecture. Cette recherche conclut que le répertoire phonologique des participantes semble ne plus correspondre exactement au PB-L1. Cette étude renforce le fait que les facteurs linguistiques et «extralinguistiques» agissent dynamiquement dans le processus de développement en LA/L2/LE, constatant, ainsi, l'imprévisibilité et la nonlinéarité propres au langage d’après le paradigme de la complexité.
Baguelin, Marc Joseph Matthieu. "Modélisation de systèmes complexes par métadynamiques : application à la modélisation de populations en coévolution". Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2003/50376-2003-225.pdf.
Testo completoLentenbrink, Laura. "The Impact of Adaptive Leadership Capacity on Complex Organizational Health Systems Outcomes". ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3619.
Testo completoShenoy, Rajiv. "Overset adaptive strategies for complex rotating systems". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51796.
Testo completoMakhloufi, Rafik. "Vers une gestion adaptative des réseaux complexes : cas de la surveillance décentralisée de données agrégées". Troyes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TROY0006.
Testo completoAutonomous management infrastructures based on self-* functions currently offer a first degree of autonomy, but they are often based on non-adaptive approaches. Conversely, their target networks are dynamics in terms of, for example, size, mobility, services and usages. Thus, adapting self-management infrastructures to the supporting network operational behavior is essential in order to ensure their performance and minimize their cost. The work carried out in this thesis aims at de-signing an autonomous management infra-structure able to adapt itself to the operational context of the managed network. The management function we are interested in is the decentralized monitoring of aggregated information, which can be based on gossip, aggregation trees or situated view protocols. To achieve these objectives, we propose a de-centralized self-adaptive management frame-work, based on fuzzy inference and multiple criteria decision making. For this purpose, we surveyed the existing decentralized aggregation protocols, and then we benchmarked one typical protocol from each category. Based on the obtained results, the proposed approach continuously analyzes the network state in order to retrieve the properties of the current context, and then selects the best aggregation strategy to use accordingly. Thus, the selected strategy is the one that maximizes the performance of the aggregation and minimizes its cost. The multiple criteria validation of the pro-posed approach through simulation shows that this one provides a good performance with an acceptable cost
Néron, Alex. "Développement d'une plateforme de calcul d'équilibres chimiques complexes et adaptation aux problèmes électrochimiques et d'équilibres contraints". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5502.
Testo completoNunes, Gisele Medina. "A escrita em inglês como sistema adaptativo complexo : uma abordagem colaborativa na aprendizagem de língua estrangeira por meio das TCI". Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2013. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/2161.
Testo completoIn the search for an approach that embraced language learning in a more global and dynamic way, applied linguists such as Larsen-Freeman (1997) and Paiva (2005) resorted to Chaos/Complexity theories as a metaphor to deal with the learning process. In this perspective, we defend that learning a language is a complex adaptive system (CAS), since it has all of its characteristics: it is open, susceptible to external factors and to initial conditions, unpredictable, non-linear, ruled by low level rules and self-organized. Besides, in order to keep functioning, active, a CAS needs the interaction among its constituting elements. In this study, we also worked with the concept of interlanguage, developed through five central processes (SELINKER, 1972) which we understand to have some points in common with the characteristics that constitute the CAS. It is also relevant to ponder the fact that the learning process of a foreign language can be affected by many factors through time, as well as that it does not follow a determined pattern of development, something that could be predicted. Likewise, innate factors should be taken into account in the learning process, since the context in which it takes place also plays an important role in the success of learning a language. Thus, the aim of this research was to investigate, through the writing ability being practiced and shown in a blog, the development of the interlanguage of two students of a teaching course in Languages/English of a public university. The intention was to verify how the interlanguage of the two students behaves during the sixth and seventh semester of English Language when the online activity was developed, analyzing the fluency, accuracy and grammatical complexity of their published texts. Besides, we observed how the collaborative correction of these texts, when the students worked as proofreaders of one another, making linguistic as well as communicative adjustments in the productions using the online tool, can influence their interlanguage, contributing to their improvement in writing in English.
Na busca por uma abordagem que abarcasse a aprendizagem de línguas de uma forma mais global e dinâmica, linguistas aplicados como Larsen-Freeman (1997) e Paiva (2005) recorreram às teorias do Caos/Complexidade como metáfora para tratar desse processo. Nessa perspectiva, defende-se que aprender uma língua é um sistema adaptativo complexo, pois possui todas as suas características: é aberto, sensível a fatores externos e a condições iniciais, imprevisível, não-linear, regido por regras de baixo nível e auto-organizável. Além disso, considera-se também que para um sistema se manter ativo, funcionando, é necessária a interação de suas partes, já que é por meio da interação que os elementos que constituem o sistema são mantidos em constante movimento. Neste estudo também se trabalhou com o conceito de interlíngua, desenvolvida por meio de cinco processos centrais (SELINKER,1972), os quais se entende que possuem pontos de contato com as características que delineiam os sistemas complexos. É também relevante atentar para o fato de que o processo de aprendizagem de um idioma pode ser afetado por diversos fatores ao longo do tempo, além de não seguir um padrão determinado de desenvolvimento que possa ser previsto. Da mesma forma como questões inatas devem ser consideradas na aquisição de uma língua, o meio onde esse processo se dá também desempenha um papel importante para o sucesso na aprendizagem. Assim, o foco da presente pesquisa foi investigar o desenvolvimento da interlíngua em duas alunas de um curso de Licenciatura em Letras Habilitação em Língua Inglesa de uma universidade federal por meio da observação da presença da interlíngua na habilidade escrita trabalhada em um blog. Pretendeu-se verificar, por meio da fluência, precisão e complexidade gramatical dos textos publicados pelas alunas, como sua interlíngua comportou-se durante o sexto e o sétimo semestres da disciplina de Língua Inglesa em que a atividade de produção online nessa língua foi proposta. Além disso, se observou como o trabalho colaborativo mediado pela ferramenta online, em que os colegas agiram como revisores dos comunicativa, pode influenciar a interlíngua dessas alunas, contribuindo para seu aprimoramento na escrita no idioma.
SUBRAMANIAN, VINOD. "SOCRATES: Self-Organized Corridor Routing and Adaptive Transmission in Extended Sensor Networks". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1037989018.
Testo completoYu, Weiwei. "Contribution to study and implementation of intelligent adaptive control strategies : application to control of complex dynamic systems". Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00665586.
Testo completoTie, Bing. "Éléments finis adaptatifs et hiérarchiques en elastoplasticité localisation des déformations". Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ECAP0277.
Testo completoThis dissertation is essentially devoted to the adaptive and hierarchical finite element analysis for elastoplastic problems and their applications to strain localization phenomena. The aim of the study is to develop a powerful FE software, allowing an effective automatic adaptive Fe processus, with fully integrated FE resolution, successive assessment and improvement of the quality of numerical implementation of the h local mesh refinement strategy using the hierarchical Fe shape functions. Then, the proposed h-adaptive strategy is extented for elastoplasticity, special attention being payed to numerical simulations of the strain localization on perfectly elastoplastic materials under non associated law. The developed adaptive FE approach has shown through a lot of numerical examples to be powerful for this kind of problems. Besides, a theroretic study of strain localization is carried out, taking into account the recent result of literature. This work allows to clarif the origin of numerical difficulties encountered in strain localization simulations, and furthermore leads to fundamental reflections about subsequent developments on adaptive methods to modelizing more complex physical problems
Yang, Yiming. "Motion synthesis for high degree-of-freedom robots in complex and changing environments". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31236.
Testo completoBell, Iris, e Mary Koithan. "A model for homeopathic remedy effects: low dose nanoparticles, allostatic cross-adaptation, and time-dependent sensitization in a complex adaptive system". BioMed Central, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/610361.
Testo completo(b) act by modulating biological function of the allostatic stress response network (c) evoke biphasic actions on living systems via organism-dependent adaptive and endogenously amplified effects
(d) improve systemic resilience.DISCUSSION:The proposed active components of homeopathic remedies are nanoparticles of source substance in water-based colloidal solution, not bulk-form drugs. Nanoparticles have unique biological and physico-chemical properties, including increased catalytic reactivity, protein and DNA adsorption, bioavailability, dose-sparing, electromagnetic, and quantum effects different from bulk-form materials. Trituration and/or liquid succussions during classical remedy preparation create "top-down" nanostructures. Plants can biosynthesize remedy-templated silica nanostructures. Nanoparticles stimulate hormesis, a beneficial low-dose adaptive response. Homeopathic remedies prescribed in low doses spaced intermittently over time act as biological signals that stimulate the organism's allostatic biological stress response network, evoking nonlinear modulatory, self-organizing change. Potential mechanisms include time-dependent sensitization (TDS), a type of adaptive plasticity/metaplasticity involving progressive amplification of host responses, which reverse direction and oscillate at physiological limits. To mobilize hormesis and TDS, the remedy must be appraised as a salient, but low level, novel threat, stressor, or homeostatic disruption for the whole organism. Silica nanoparticles adsorb remedy source and amplify effects. Properly-timed remedy dosing elicits disease-primed compensatory reversal in direction of maladaptive dynamics of the allostatic network, thus promoting resilience and recovery from disease.SUMMARY:Homeopathic remedies are proposed as source nanoparticles that mobilize hormesis and time-dependent sensitization via non-pharmacological effects on specific biological adaptive and amplification mechanisms. The nanoparticle nature of remedies would distinguish them from conventional bulk drugs in structure, morphology, and functional properties. Outcomes would depend upon the ability of the organism to respond to the remedy as a novel stressor or heterotypic biological threat, initiating reversals of cumulative, cross-adapted biological maladaptations underlying disease in the allostatic stress response network. Systemic resilience would improve. This model provides a foundation for theory-driven research on the role of nanomaterials in living systems, mechanisms of homeopathic remedy actions and translational uses in nanomedicine.
Loiola, Sergio Almeida. "Variabilidade paleoclimática e a evolução de sistemas complexos adaptativos nos humanos modernos". Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/4655.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
This thesis proposes hypothesis about the evolution of complex adaptive systems in the context of the interaction between society and the paleoclimate variability, based on comparative studies of bibliographic sources available in the literature: articles, research reports and data. The research was oriented in one cognitive and evolutionary perspective, subsidized by the complex geographical approach, structured by the author. Founded on archaeological evidence, the thesis argues that complex adaptive systems developed after 40 thousand years ago are between the main factors which cooperated in the social and cultural complexity, fixing on the territory, organizing large groups, the continuous pursuit of innovation and acceleration of cultural evolution and cognitive, established before the Holocene, as well as diversification of similar adaptive strategies in different parts of the world during this period; case of systematic collect, cultivation, domestication and agriculture. Between complex adaptive systems developed before the Holocene is cited: the science, the belief system, art, spoken language, symbolic communication, and the socio-political organization to manage large groups. Transferred by cultural exchanges, complex adaptive systems migrated with people, giving great adaptive differential to their carriers to favorable conditions in interglacial Holocene: an increase of temperature, humidity, rainfall, CO² in the atmosphere from 180 ppm to 280 ppm, and expansion the diversity and productivity of the species. Under non- linear processes, the successive period of intensification of innovation were associated with severe glacial and interglacial transitions of the 26 Dansgaard-Oeschger and Heinrich events (D-O and H), during the Würm Glacial, especially from 40,000 years ago, after “great leap” of modern humans. Based on the successes and failures of societies, imprevisibility and frequency of abrupt paleoclimatic changes, we present a proposal for Adaptive Sustainability Panel, focusing on three scenarios: global warming (Plan A), global cooling (Plan B) and climatic instability (Plan C), in order to increase the potential for proactive resilience in societies.
Esta tese propõe hipótese acerca da evolução de sistemas complexos adaptativos no contexto da interação entre a sociedade e a variabilidade paleoclimática, pautada em estudos comparativos de fontes bibliográficas disponíveis na literatura: artigos, relatórios de pesquisa e dados. A pesquisa foi orientada numa perspectiva cognitiva e evolutiva, subsidiada pela abordagem geográfica complexa, estruturada pelo autor. A partir de evidências arqueológicas, a tese argumenta que sistemas complexos adaptativos desenvolvidos após 40 mil anos atrás estão entre os principais fatores que cooperaram para a complefixificação sociocultural, fixação no território, organização de grandes grupamentos, a continua busca de inovação e a aceleração da evolução cultural e cognitiva, estabelecidas antes do Holoceno, bem como a diversificação de estratégias adaptativas similares, em diferentes partes do globo nesse período; caso da coleta sistemática, do cultivo, da domesticação e da agricultura. Entre os sistemas complexos adaptativos desenvolvidos antes do Holoceno estiveram à ciência, o sistema de crenças, a arte, a linguagem falada, a comunicação simbólica, e a organização sociopolítica para gerir grandes grupos. Transferidos por trocas culturais, os sistemas complexos adaptativos migraram junto com os povos, conferindo grande diferencial adaptativo aos seus portadores às condições favoráveis do interglacial Holoceno: incremento da temperatura, da umidade, das chuvas, do CO² na atmosfera de 180 ppm para 280 ppm, e a ampliação da diversidade e a produtividade das espécies. Sob processos não lineares, os sucessivos período de intensificação da inovação estiveram correlacionados com severas transições glaciais e interglaciais dos 26 eventos Dansgaard-Oeschger e Heinrich (D-O e H), durante o Glacial Würm, especialmente a partir de 40 mil anos atrás, após o grande salto dos humanos modernos. Com base nos sucessos e fracassos das sociedades, a imponderabilidade e a frequência das alterações paleoclimáticas abruptas, apresentamos uma proposta para um Painel da Sustentabilidade Adaptativa, focando três cenários: de aquecimento global (Plano A), resfriamento global (Plano B) e instabilidade climática (Plano C), a fim de elevar o potencial pró-ativo de resiliências nas sociedades.
Martinez, Martinez David. "Méthodologies et outils de synthèse pour des fonctions de filtrage chargées par des impédances complexes". Thesis, Limoges, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIMO0025/document.
Testo completoThe problem of impedance matching in electronics and particularly in RF engineering consists on minimising the reflection of the power that is to be transmitted, by a generator, to a given load within a frequency band. The matching and filtering requirements in classical communication systems are usually satisfied by using a matching circuit followed by a filter. We propose here to design matching filters that integrate both, matching and filtering requirements, in a single device and thereby increase the overall efficiency and compactness of the system. In this work, the matching problem is formulated by introducing convex optimisation on the framework established by the matching theory of Fano and Youla. As a result, by means of modern non-linear semi-definite programming techniques, a convex problem, and therefore with guaranteed optimality, is achieved. Finally, to demonstrate the advantages provided by the developed theory beyond the synthesis of filters with frequency varying loads, we consider two practical applications which are recurrent in the design of communication devices. These applications are, on the one hand, the matching of an array of antennas with the objective of maximizing the radiation efficiency, and on the other hand the synthesis of multiplexers where each of the channel filters is matched to the rest of the device, including the filters corresponding to the other channels
Beltaief, Slim. "Algorithmes optimaux de traitement de données pour des systèmes complexes d'information et télécommunication dans un environnement incertain". Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR056/document.
Testo completoThis thesis is devoted to the problem of non parametric estimation for continuous-time regression models. We consider the problem of estimating an unknown periodoc function S. This estimation is based on observations generated by a stochastic process; these observations may be in continuous or discrete time. To this end, we construct a series of estimators by projection and thus we approximate the unknown function S by a finite Fourier series. In this thesis we consider the estimation problem in the adaptive setting, i.e. in situation when the regularity of the fonction S is unknown. In this way, we develop a new adaptive method based on the model selection procedure proposed by Konev and Pergamenshchikov (2012). Firstly, this procedure give us a family of estimators, then we choose the best possible one by minimizing a cost function. We give also an oracle inequality for the risk of our estimators and we give the minimax convergence rate
Horn, Chrys. "A complex systems perspective on communities and tourism : a comparison of two case studies in Kaikoura and Rotorua". Lincoln University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1606.
Testo completoMarioni, Luca. "Modélisation numerique et couplage électromagnétique-CFD dans les procédés decoulée". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEM011/document.
Testo completoMany of the processes used in thesteelmaking industry (e.g. ingot casting,continuous casting, …) can lead todefects: macro-segregation, poormicrostructure properties, surfacedefects. These issues can be solved bycontrolling the temperature and the flowof molten steel. Electromagnetic stirring(EMS) is a widely used technique to steerthe flow of liquid steel by thesuperimposition of an electro-magneticfield. This application is complex becauseit couples several physical problems:multi-phase flow, solidification, heattransfer and low frequency electromagneticinduction. In addition,experimental work is difficult because ofthe size, environment and cost of theconsidered processes. For thesereasons, efficient and effective numericalsimulations are needed to understandEMS applications and improve theaforementioned processes.The objective of this thesis is to developa robust, efficient and accurate numericalprocedure for the multi-physicssimulation of EMS, especially for in-moldstirring in the framework of continuouscasting of steel. This procedure has beenimplemented in the commercial codeTHERCAST® in order to be used forindustrial applications