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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Telephone systems – Research"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 8 febbraio 2022

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Telephone systems – Research"

Noble, Grant. "Individual Differences, Psychological Neighbourhoods and Use of the Domestic Telephone". Media Information Australia 44, n. 1 (maggio 1987): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x8704400110.

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Published research in the public domain concerning use of the domestic telephone is rare. Even the systematic study of the social consequences of the telephone had, according to Wurtzel & Turner (1977) and Dordick (1983), been relatively neglected. Yet as Aronson (1971) has pointed out, development of telephone systems has been intimately tied to modernisation over the past century. Perhaps it is because the telephone is such an integral part of life that it has been ‘taken for granted’ and thus, as Moyal (1987) points out, has not received the research attention it deserves.

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Tognisse, Ida Sèmévo, e Jules Degila. "Rural Technology Adoption and Use Model in Rural Africa". International Journal of E-Adoption 13, n. 1 (gennaio 2021): 36–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijea.2021010103.

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Mobile telephony networks have seen a high rate of adoption worldwide in recent years. However, these networks do not exist everywhere, and even where they are, their adoption is lagging. Especially in uncovered rural areas, it is difficult to predict the technology's acceptance and adoption factors. This study deals with the usage gap of mobile telephone networks and attempts in a methodological approach based on structural equation modeling to prevent the telephone usage gap in rural Africa yet to be covered. To that purpose, the authors use a research model based on the technology acceptance model (TAM) and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT). By combining these two models and incorporating the moderating effects of demographic variables such as age, gender, education, and experience of technology use, this paper has retained a model with the ability to determine how rural residents will accept and use future networks.

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Balashov, V., A. Lashko, L. Liakhovetsky, V. Oreshkov e V. Skurikhin. "Evaluation of the Efficiency of the VDSL2 Technology Implementation on the PJSC «Ukrtelecom» Network". Metrology and instruments, n. 5 (19 ottobre 2018): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33955/2307-2180(5)2018.15-22.

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The work is devoted to the research of achievable data transmission rates by transmission systems using VDSL2 technology (VDSL2-systems) when working on multi-pair telephone cables of the PJSC «Ukrtelecom» network. The architecture of the modernized telecommunications network of the PJSC «Ukrtelecom» is considered. The results of the experimental research of the achievable transmission rate of the transmission systems using VDSL2 technology for multi-pair telephone cables after the access network of the PJSC «Ukrtelecom» modernization, taking into account the crosstalk that occurs during the parallel operation of the VDSL2-systems and the availability of the ADSL2+-systems working in the multi-pair cable, are provided. Analytical modeling of the VDSL2-systems operation taking into account the characteristics of the «Huawei» equipment and domestic telephone cables is performed. The method for calculating of the transmission rate of the VDSL2-systems has been corrected on the basis of the experiments and modeling results. Using the corrected method, the research of the VDSL2-systems transmission rate dependence on the length of the subscriber line, the load coefficient of the multi-pair cable by transmission systems and the external additive noises level is carried out. The recommendations on the implementation of the VDSL2 technology on the PJSC «Ukrtelecom» network based on the results of the research are given.

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V.І., Оreshkov, e Stelia D.O. "RESEARCH OF INTERFERENCE NOISE IN VDSL2 SYSTEMS WHEN OPERATING OVER TPP TYPE TELEPHONE CABLES". Proceedings of the O.S. Popov ОNAT 1, n. 1 (2019): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.33243/2518-7139-2019-1-1-87-96.

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Liu, Wei. "The Research of Network-Based Remote Monitoring Systems in the Scattered Site". Advanced Materials Research 403-408 (novembre 2011): 2383–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.403-408.2383.

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With the exaltation of the function and the performance of the PLC technique, the application of the industry control network become more and more universal. Particularly In the application whose geography location is scattered and the stand is numerous, it can raise the Networked level completely by a control system renovation. This text mainly introduced PLC network technique which uses PLC as core controller, and makes use of existing telephone network and modem of business as communication line. It enables us to achieve active and passive communication between the master computer and the PLC slave. It focused on solving the call between the PLC and the modem. Finally, it realizeed fully automated monitoring of heat exchanger and water pump station.

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Balashov, V., A. Lashko, L. Lyakhovetsky, V. Oreshkov e F. Toporkov. "Research of the Electrical Parameters of the Telephone Cable in the Frequency Range Up To 30 MHz". Metrology and instruments, n. 6 (28 dicembre 2018): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33955/2307-2180(6)2018.47-52.

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The work is devoted to the research of the electrical parameters of the domestic telephone cables in the frequency range from 1 to 30 MHz. The paper presents the results of the experimental determination of the frequency characteristics of the transmission parameters and the crosstalk of the TPPep 10х2х0,4 and TPPepZ 10х2х0,4 types telephone cables produced by ODESKABEL PJSC. The conformity of the domestic production cables with the requirements for digital subscriber line cables for VDSL2 technology services is determined. According to the results of the measurements, approximation formulas for the frequency dependence of the own attenuation, near end crosstalk and equal level far end crosstalk, which are proposed to be used in the modelling of the transmission systems using VDSL2 technology on the domestic broadband access networks based on these cables, are determined.

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Lau, Hakwan, e Navindra Persaud. "Broken telephone in the brain: The need for metacognitive measures". Behavioral and Brain Sciences 30, n. 5-6 (dicembre 2007): 513–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x07002944.

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AbstractThe fact that early visual processing has a larger capacity than later visual processing can be explained without positing distinct systems for phenomenology and cognitive accessibility. While phenomenology may overflow forced-choice reports, the later can also overestimate the former, as in the case of blindsight. Metacognitive measures of awareness offer a way to address the “methodological puzzle” of consciousness research.

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Fleetwood, Michael D., Danielle L. Paige, Chris S. Fick e Kenneth R. Laughery. "An Analysis of Telephone Messages: Minimizing Unproductive Replay Time". Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 46, n. 4 (settembre 2002): 597–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120204600406.

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This paper reports the results of a research project to study the nature and structure of phone messages and the design characteristics of phone messaging systems that would optimize the retrieval of relevant message information. of particular concern with respect to the structure of a phone message was the location of a phone number left in the message. in order to replay any portion of a message, most messaging systems require the user to listen to the message from its beginning. Because it was found that phone numbers are typically left towards the end of a message, such a system is quite inefficient. One proposed solution is the implementation of a “back” button. A simple equation is employed to optimize the length of time encompassed by the back button, which would result in substantial time savings to users at least 17 seconds per message in which it was used. The ramifications of such time savings are discussed.

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O'Rourke, Justin, Robert J. Kanser e Marc A. Silva. "A-102 Performance Validity Testing in Telehealth Research: A VA Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems Study". Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 36, n. 6 (30 agosto 2021): 1151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acab062.120.

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Abstract Objective Studies on Performance Validity Tests (PVTs) for tele-neuropsychology (TeleNP) are sparse. Verbal PVTs appear to better translate to TeleNP, so the primary objective of this study was to provide initial data on two well-established, verbal PVTs administered via TeleNP for research participants with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods This secondary analysis of the Veterans Affairs TBI Model Systems data included 53 participants enrolled in a PVT module study (3/01/2020–09/20/2020) with documented moderate-to-severe TBI per Glasgow Coma Score (M = 6.5, SD = 4.4), posttraumatic amnesia duration (M = 42.7 days, SD = 47.1), and/or time to follow commands (M = 10.5 days, SD = 16.3). Participants completed two PVTs—Reliable Digit Span (RDS) and the 21-Item Test (21-IT)—alongside telephone-based cognitive assessment 1–7 years after TBI. Descriptive analyses were performed to compare PVT performances to previously established cut scores. Chi square analyses were employed to examine 21-IT and RDS as dichotomous outcomes (pass/fail) at selected cutoffs. Results RDS ranged from 5 to 16 (M = 10.5, SD = 2.4). 21-IT ranged from 7 to 21 (M = 16.4, SD = 3.1). For RDS, 9.8% were invalid with a cutscore of ≤7 and 19.6% using a cutscore of ≤8. For the 21-IT, 7.8% were in invalid using a cutscore of ≤11, and 13.7% using a cutscore of ≤12. Conclusion(s) Using previously established cut scores, telephone-administered RDS and 21-IT resulted in relatively low rates of invalid performance among individuals with moderate-to-severe TBI. These findings provide preliminary support for the RDS and 21-IT in TeleNP.

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Chan, Christine, e Izak Benbasat. "Case research on knowledge acquisition: observations and lessons". Knowledge Engineering Review 6, n. 2 (giugno 1991): 97–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269888900005634.

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AbstractExpert systems are being built despite the widely acknowledged problem of acquiring knowledge from experts. This study attempts to understand how knowledge acquisition is conducted in practice by investigating three expert system development projects. A CASE research methodology is adopted, and data is collected through unobtrusive observation, from taped protocols of knowledge acquisition sessions, retrospective interviews with the participants involved, and deliverables produced. The variables examined include the problem domain, the domain expert, the knowledge engineer, the knowledge acquisition process, the expert system construction process, potential users, organizational setting, and the expert system itself. The knowledge acquisition processes for three expert systems in the domains of law of negligence, telephone line fault diagnosis, and wastewater treatment have been examined. By juxtaposing the observations drawn with findings from the relevant literature, the study makes prescriptive suggestions on considerations and techniques for future acquisition efforts, and provides data for hypothesis generation in further research.

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Tesi sul tema "Telephone systems – Research"

Wu, Jimmy K. K. "Assessing human performance trade-offs of a telephone-based information system". Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50097.

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Little research effort has been devoted to human interaction with telephone information systems. This study investigated the effects of system parameters and user characteristics on human behavior in an interactive telephone-based information system. The research method utilized a centraI-composite design to study four variables at five levels each. The four factors manipulated were: synthesized speech rate, time available for user input, subject age, and background music level. Subjects searched a fictitious department store database for 16 specific store items and transcribed 16 information messages which were spoken by a computer speech synthesizer. Subjective ratings of certain features of the system were solicited from the subjects and performance measures were also collected from the subjects on an on-line basis. Performance was evaluated by calculating regression equations relating the dependent measures and the independent variables. A response surface was plotted, and optimal settings for the Information system were also calculated. Two seconds was found to be an optimal time for users to enter their selection. The computer synthesized speech rate should be set close to 120-150 words per minute. Background music or noise level should be kept below 50 dB(A); sound level above 50 dB(A) seriously affected user's ability to understand synthetic speech. Younger subjects (age 14 - 22) performed better in this study than older subjects (age 36- 62).
Master of Science
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Smith, Rodney M. "Action research as a research method : new marketing approaches using digital telephony". Virtual Press, 2008. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1397653.

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The purpose of this thesis is to explore the following research question: How does action research serve as a research method in the discipline of Communications? Specifically, this study will approach the question by analyzing existing literature on action research and also performing an action research trial of a new marketing approach using digital telephony. The study finds that action research has a combination of four characteristics that make it a discrete method of research. Action research involves collaboration, invokes change, requires a researcher's vested interest, and allows a kind of knowing that can only come from direct involvement in a change.
Department of Telecommunications

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Maema, Mathe. "OVR : a novel architecture for voice-based applications". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006694.

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Despite the inherent limitation of accessing information serially, voice applications are increasingly growing in popularity as computing technologies advance. This is a positive development, because voice communication offers a number of benefits over other forms of communication. For example, voice may be better for delivering services to users whose eyes and hands may be engaged in other activities (e.g. driving) or to semi-literate or illiterate users. This thesis proposes a knowledge based architecture for building voice applications to help reduce the limitations of serial access to information. The proposed architecture, called OVR (Ontologies, VoiceXML and Reasoners), uses a rich backend that represents knowledge via ontologies and utilises reasoning engines to reason with it, in order to generate intelligent behaviour. Ontologies were chosen over other knowledge representation formalisms because of their expressivity and executable format, and because current trends suggest a general shift towards the use of ontologies in many systems used for information storing and sharing. For the frontend, this architecture uses VoiceXML, the emerging, and de facto standard for voice automated applications. A functional prototype was built for an initial validation of the architecture. The system is a simple voice application to help locate information about service providers that offer HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) testing. We called this implementation HTLS (HIV Testing Locator System). The functional prototype was implemented using a number of technologies. OWL API, a Java interface designed to facilitate manipulation of ontologies authored in OWL was used to build a customised query interface for HTLS. Pellet reasoner was used for supporting queries to the knowledge base and Drools (JBoss rule engine) was used for processing dialog rules. VXI was used as the VoiceXML browser and an experimental softswitch called iLanga as the bridge to the telephony system. (At the heart of iLanga is Asterisk, a well known PBX-in-a-box.) HTLS behaved properly under system testing, providing the sought initial validation of OVR.
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Mårtensson, Jörgen. "Är frågan färdigformulerad? : En referenskritisk undersökning av 118100 Svar På Allt och Fråga Bibliotekets e-posttjänst". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för ABM, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-160068.

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This two years master’s thesis in Library and Information Sciences aims to investigate and put the services of 118100 Svar På Allt (SPA, an SMS mobile question and answer service) and Fråga biblioteket (FB, a library operated e-mail reference service) into the context of the reference encounter. Questions sent to SPA and their subsequent answers are analysed, and part of these questions are forwarded to FB for comparative studies. Both of the formats are compared to the reference encounter as a whole. The framing of the question originates in the assumption that there may be a need for further negotiation of the questions submitted to the aforementioned formats. Do SPA and FB constitute formats different enough from the reference encounter to imply that the question at hand already has gone through the apropiate negotiations? These compressed and asynchronous reference services are not only compared to the synchronous reference, but are also examined as reference services in their own right. How does the e-mail reference and the SMS services fare against each other and the “regular” reference encounter? Findings in the analysis are subjected to appliable INSU theories, especially Robert S. Taylors thoughts on question negotitation and Nicholas Belkins et al regarding anomalous states of knowledge. Further major contributors are Marie L. Radford concerning the reference encounter and Reijo Savolainen on everyday information practices. The study found several occasions where a personal, or at least synchronous, reference encounter would have been decidedly more helpful than that of the electronic services. However, the larger majority of the questions analysed turned out to be completed in formulation for the compressed, asynchronous format. The e-mails of FB can to some extent work as an intermediary service since it is more allowing lengthwise than SPA and gives more of an opportunity to redirect towards more exhaustive sources.

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Finch, Steven W. "Telephone Voice Alert: system planning and design". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45936.

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The Telephone Voice Alert is divided into six parts: the ring detector, controller, voice memory, synthesizer, speaker, and power supply subsystems. These all interact together to produce a voice signal whenever a ring signal is detected. By beginning from the system function and analyzing the components as we break the system into subsystems, we find that the trade-off between system cost and system "effectiveness" minimizes to prove Configuration A (digital voice reproduction) a more effective means. Further testing and development is necessary, however, as the design must be "fine-tuned" in order to insure proper function.

Master of Science

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Herlong, David W. "Effects of voice coding and speech rate on a synthetic speech display in a telephone information system". Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/80037.

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Despite the lack of formal guidelines, synthetic speech displays are used in a growing variety of applications. Telephone information systems permitting human-computer interaction from remote locations are an especially popular implementation of computer-generated speech. Currently, human factors research is needed to specify design characteristics providing usable telephone information systems as defined by task performance and user ratings. Previous research used nonintegrated tasks such as transcription of phonetic syllables, words, or sentences to assess task performance or user preference differences. This study used a computer-driven telephone information system as a real-time, human-computer interface to simulate applications where synthetic speech is used to access data. Subjects used a telephone keypad to navigate through an automated, department store database to locate and transcribe specific information messages. Because speech provides a sequential and transient information display, users may have difficulty navigating through auditory databases. One issue investigated in this study was whether use of alternating male and female voices to code different levels in the database hierarchy would improve user search performance. Other issues investigated were basic intelligibility of these male and female voices as influenced by different levels of speech rate. All factors were assessed as functions of search or transcription task performance and user preference. Analysis of transcription accuracy, search efficiency and time, and subjective ratings revealed an overall significant effect of speech rate on all groups of measures but no significant effects for voice type or coding scheme. Results were used to recommend design guidelines for developing speech displays for telephone information systems.
Master of Science

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Pettigrew, Jonathan Lyn. "Mobile Text Messaging and Connectedness within Close Interpersonal Relationships". Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/1088.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Indiana University, 2007.
Title from screen (viewed on June 27, 2007) Department of Communication Studies, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 160-167)

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Xu, Yu-Chang, e 許裕昌. "The research applies the concept of expert systems to develop the monitoring and control system for the automatic crosstalk of mobile telephone switch". Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03186477726886539008.

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SU, WEN-FU, e 蘇文福. "Dependent speaker text speech recognition system -- A research on telephone". Thesis, 1992. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32157044769729188546.

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Lee, Yung-Fu, e 李永福. "A Research on Crime Investigation & the Relevant Issues of Data Protection by Using the 110 Telephone Network System". Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/569fx7.

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Libri sul tema "Telephone systems – Research"

Pinelli, Thomas E. NASA/DoD Aerospace Knowledge Diffusion Research Project.: Results of a telephone survey. [Washington, D.C.]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1992.

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Pinelli, Thomas E. NASA/DoD Aerospace Knowledge Diffusion Research Project.: Results of a telephone survey. [Washington, D.C.]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1992.

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Miezejeski, Julia A. An analysis of a portion of the cost of converting a local telephone utility network into a network capable of delivering broadband and cable television services to all subscribers: A report to the National Regulatory Research Institute. New York, N.Y. (157 Chambers St., New York 10007-1015): Northern Business Information/Datapro, 1990.

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Office, General Accounting. Telecommunications: Status of research on the safety of cellular telephones : report to the Chairman, Subcommittee on Telecommunications and Finance, Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1994.

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Office, General Accounting. Telecommunications: Issues related to local telephone service : report to the Ranking Minority Member, Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington, D.C. 20013): The Office, 2000.

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Office, General Accounting. Telecommunications: Development of competition in local telephone markets : report to the Subcommittee on Antitrust, Business Rights, and Competition, Committee on the Judiciary, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington, D.C. 20013): The Office, 2000.

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Office, General Accounting. Telecommunications: Initiatives taken by three states to promote increased access and investment : report to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1996.

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Office, General Accounting. Telecommunications: GSA's estimates of FTS2001 revenues are reasonable : report to the Chairman, Committee on Government Reform, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C. : (P.O. Box 37050, Washington 20013): The Office, 2000.

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Office, General Accounting. Telecommunications: Issues in providing cable and satellite television services : report to the Subcommittee on Antitrust, Competition, and Business and Consumer Rights, Committee on the Judiciary, U.S. Senate. Washington D.C: United States General Accounting Office, 2002.

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Office, General Accounting. Telecommunications: Update on state-level cramming complaints and enforcement actions : report to the Chairman, Committee on Small Business, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington, D.C. 20013): The Office, 2000.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Telephone systems – Research"

Khan, Haibat, Benjamin Dowling e Keith M. Martin. "Identity Confidentiality in 5G Mobile Telephony Systems". In Security Standardisation Research, 120–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04762-7_7.

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Jia, Xu, Yuxin Liu e Liwei Zhu. "Research on Classification of Highway Emergency Telephone System". In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 11–18. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35470-0_2.

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Shi, Jing, Ergin Erdem e Heping Liu. "Expanding Role of Telephone Systems in Healthcare". In Reshaping Medical Practice and Care with Health Information Systems, 87–131. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9870-3.ch004.

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The telephone systems in healthcare settings serve as a viable tool for improving the quality of service provided to patients, decreasing the cost, and improving the patient satisfaction. It can play a pivotal role for transformation of the healthcare delivery for embracing personalized and patient centered care. This chapter presents a systematic review of new developments of healthcare telephone system operations in various areas such as tele-health. Current research on topics such as tele-diagnosis, tele-nursing, tele-consultation is outlined. Specific issues associated with the emerging applications such as underreferral, legal issues, patient acceptance, on-call physician are discussed. Meanwhile, the architecture and underlying technologies for healthcare telephone systems are introduced, and the performance metrics for measuring the system operations are provided. In addition, challenges and opportunities related with improving the healthcare telephone systems are identified, and the potential opportunities of optimizing these systems are pointed out.

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Paul, Manoranjan, e Manzur Murshed. "Pattern Based Video Coding". In Handbook of Research on Modern Systems Analysis and Design Technologies and Applications, 469–83. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-887-1.ch026.

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People’s demands are escalating with technology advances. Now, people are not happy with only text or voice messages, they like to see video as well. Video transmission through limited bandwidth, for example, an existing telephone line, requires an efficient video coding technique. Unfortunately, existing video coding standards have some limitations due to this demand. Recently, a pattern-based video coding technique has established its potentiality to improve the coding compared to the recent standard H.264 in the range of low bit rates. This chapter describes this technique with its background, features, recent developments, and future trends.

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Lynch, Teresa, e Shirley Gregor. "Technology-Push or User-Pull? The Slow Death of the Transfer-of-Technology Approach to Intelligent Support Systems Development". In Socio-Technical and Human Cognition Elements of Information Systems, 158–80. IGI Global, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-104-9.ch008.

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This chapter describes a study of the adoption of intelligent support systems in agriculture. The aim was to investigate the apparent low uptake of these systems and the approaches used in development–whether ‘user-pull’ or ‘technology-push.’ Data was collected for 66 systems, mainly through telephone interviews. An interpretative approach to research was adopted. The nature of user influence in the development process and the nature of the outcomes for the systems were found to be complex and multidimensional constructs. A pattern emerged showing the technology-push approach was associated with low levels of user influence in the development process and comparatively low levels of system impact. This relationship was more evident in systems developed by government organizations.

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Gundogdu, Batuhan, e Murat Saraclar. "Similarity Measure Optimization for Target Detection". In Operations Research for Military Organizations, 347–74. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5513-1.ch015.

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Today, in the era of data and computing, fast and reliable retrieval of information has become of great importance for security and military applications, and continues to be such, as the amount available digital data increases every second. While the search and retrieval of text data has produced mature products and are today being used in search engines everyday by everyone, the retrieval of spoken content still remains a young research, especially for low resource languages where the available data is scarce to train reliable speech recognition systems. This chapter provides a thorough introduction of a speech retrieval task called “keyword search” and presents a novel similarity measure optimization-based approach. The case study was experimented on telephone conversations in three different languages and thousands of keywords randomly selected from each language were searched in the document. The experiments show that the technique introduced in this chapter offers a new methodology to handle the terms that does not even exist in the vocabulary of the speech recognition systems.

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Gohel, Chirag K., e Kamaljit I. Lakhtaria. "Implement VoIP Based IP Telephony with Open Source Asterisk Architecture". In Research, Practice, and Educational Advancements in Telecommunications and Networking, 1–10. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-0050-8.ch001.

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Asterisk is a leading open source telephony software/system, easily implemented over intranet and internet. Asterisk empowers developers and integrators to create advanced communication solutions. An Asterisk system is a low cost type of a traditional PBX system. Any phone controlled by an Asterisk system can call a VoIP or analog phone controlled or managed by a traditional telephone system or by Asterisk telephone system. In this paper, the authors focus on the deployment and testing of various Open Source Asterisk Services in an enterprise level communication system. Selected services are listed in this paper that can be used to implement a telephone system with good Quality of Services (QoS) and good Quality of Experience (QoE) from the personal user to enterprise level users.

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Kratzer, J., Roger Th A. J. Leenders e J. M. L. Van Engelen. "Orchestrating the Multi-Channel Character of Formal and Informal Communication in "Virtual Teams"". In Encyclopedia of Human Resources Information Systems, 676–81. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-883-3.ch098.

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Communication is a basic process of organization. When one conceives the organization as an everchanging system of interactions (White, 1992), one notes that communication aids in the development and maintenance of organizational purposes as its members motivate, inform, and inspire each other. In other words, communication is the ‘nerve system’ that makes organizations and organizational units cohere and permit their members to coordinate all work efforts. It is conventional to make a distinction between the formal and informal aspects of communication in organizations. Informal communication arises from the people’s needs for relatedness, affiliation, and security, and emerges spontaneously, whereas formal communication describes the organizationally blue-printed work-related linkages between employees. Informal communication is ‘emergent communication’ naturally occurring (e.g., Monge & Contractor, 2003). In contrast, formal communication is imposed, or mandated, representing the legitimate authority of the organization and is reflected by the organizational chart (Aldrich, 1976). In the past, communication was solely based on face-to-face contacts. In history there have been several milestones that broadened the number of available communication channels and eased the way of communicating. Since the early beginnings, the predominantly face-to-face communication was gradually complemented with written media, in particular, since the production and use of paper (Johannes Gutenberg 1397-1468). This process gradually spread all over the world. Centuries later, in the 1870s, two inventors, Elisha Gray and Alexander Graham Bell both independently designed devices that could transmit speech electrically. The telephone was invented. Again, a century later in the early days of computers, visionaries foresaw offices and factories humming with self-propelled robots. Today, a more likely vision has the firm humming with communicating employees. Most organizations have installed a complex network of interconnected computers that are embedded in a world of cyberspace, complemented with computer-based telephones and videoconferencing technologies. Organizations have now a very broad (and increasingly broadening) choice to orchestrate their formal and informal channels of communication, but at the same time the challenge to properly utilize the manifold possible media ensembles. Research is still in the very early stages to offer insights in how to managerially orchestrate the wide range of communicational channels. This article attempts to shed some light at the determination of media ensembles by formal and informal communication.

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Lau, Kwok Hung, e Haibo Huang. "Adoption and Utilization of ICT in the Chinese Third-Party Logistics Industry". In Management Science, Logistics, and Operations Research, 221–42. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-4506-6.ch013.

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This paper reports the findings of a questionnaire survey on the adoption and utilization of information and communication technology (ICT) – an important tool to enhance efficiency and responsiveness in modern-day supply chains – in the Chinese third-party logistics (3PL) industry. As a global manufacturing base, China has a burgeoning 3PL industry serving a large number of domestic firms as well as multinational corporations. With more and more organizations outsourcing their logistics function to 3PL firms, the latter have to make use of ICT for efficient communication with clients and coordination of activities in order to work hand-in-hand with customers to meet their day-to-day logistics needs. To investigate the status quo of ICT utilization in China, a questionnaire survey was conducted in 2009 to investigate the level of ICT adoption by the 3PL firms. For comparison, the findings of the Annual Third-Party Logistics Studies from 2007 to 2013 in this regard were also analyzed. The questionnaire survey results reveal that ICT is being widely adopted in the Chinese 3PL industry suggesting a high level of awareness of its significance and benefits to both the service providers and the clients. The ICT used ranges from low-tech telephone, facsimile, Internet access, to more advanced and sophisticated radio frequency identification technology and enterprise resource planning system. While small 3PL companies are using less expensive ICT at a tactical level mainly to cut costs and reduce errors in the day-to-day logistics operations, medium-sized and large firms have evolved to make use of more expensive ICT for planning and strategic purposes, such as business control, customer integration, and service differentiation. Transportation management system is regarded as the most important IT for business to most 3PL firms surveyed whereas the significance of other systems for warehouse management, order management, and inventory management, etc. varies depending on the services provided and the resources available. A follow-up review of the recent literature suggests that ICT adoption in the 3PL industry of China has not significantly increased since the 2009 survey but the general awareness of the importance of ICT capabilities is growing.

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Kase, Sue E., e Frank E. Ritter. "Gender and Computer Anxiety". In Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, First Edition, 1257–65. IGI Global, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-553-5.ch222.

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Because of their ability to enhance productivity, computers have become ubiquitous in the workplace. By the early 1990s the use of computers in the workplace reached a per capita penetration that the telephone took 75 years to achieve (Webster & Martocchio, 1992). During the past several decades, there has been both speculation and hard research related to the psychological effects of computer technology. More recently the role of attitudes towards computers in influencing the acceptance and use of computer-based management information systems (MIS) has been highlighted by a growing number of MIS researchers. Generally, these studies focus on the negative attitudes towards computers and concerns about the impact of MIS on individual performance in the workplace.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Telephone systems – Research"

Haiyan Wu. "Research of high-capacity interactive telephone conference support system". In 2009 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Intelligent Systems (ICIS 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icicisys.2009.5358063.

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cuijuan, Guo, Miao changyun, Wu zhigang e Xi lina. "Research and implementing of remote update for network telephone system program based on Ethernet". In 2010 2nd International Conference on Signal Processing Systems (ICSPS). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsps.2010.5555862.

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Meese, Nicholas, Juani Swart, Richard Vidgen, Philip Powell e Chris McMahon. "Addressing Data Collection Problems in Web-Mediated Surveys". In ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2010-28353.

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Web-based approaches are increasingly being used for carrying out surveys, for example in research or to obtain user feedback in product and systems development. However, the drawbacks of web surveying are often overlooked. Errors in web surveys can be related to sampling, coverage, measurement, and non-response issues. Low response rates and non-response bias are particularly important for web-based surveys. This paper reports on a web-based survey in an international engineering consultancy, aimed at eliciting feedback on the development of systems to support sustainable engineering, that produced a low response rate. To investigate the reasons for this, a follow-up survey was conducted by telephone. The majority of those questioned were unaware of the original survey. The telephone survey showed that reasons for non-completion by those who were aware may be categorized as resources issues, relevance, and fatigue. Differences between those who were aware of the original survey and those who were not are explored and a gap is found between action and intention, i.e. good intentions to complete a survey are very unlikely to translate into action and completed surveys. The paper concludes with practical guidance for administering web-based surveys and observations on the merits of telephone surveys.

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Miao Changyun e Ye Chunqing. "Research on IP net telephony system based on FPGA telephone terminal". In 2010 2nd Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology (ESIAT). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/esiat.2010.5567329.

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Getu, Beza Negash, e Hussain A. Attia. "Identification of dialed telephone numbers in touch tone telephone system based on frequency analysis". In 2014 World Symposium on Computer Applications & Research (WSCAR). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wscar.2014.6916777.

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Donelson, John, Wayne M. Zavis, David G. Toth, S. K. Punwani, Monique Ferguson Stewart e Mark C. Edwards. "Revenue Service Demonstration of On-Board Condition Monitoring System". In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-55085.

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The Office of Research and Development of the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) is sponsoring a project to develop and demonstrate an on-board condition monitoring system for freight trains. The objective of the system is to improve railroad safety and efficiency through continuous monitoring of mechanical components in order to detect defects before they cause breakdowns and accidents. The project, which commenced in June 1999, is part of the Rolling Stock Program Element in FRA’s Five-Year Strategic Plan for Railroad Research, Development and Demonstrations [1]. Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) and Wilcoxon Research (WR) designed and developed a prototype system in 2000. The prototype system was tested during the period Nov. 2000–Nov. 2001 on a vehicle provided by the Research and Tests Department at Norfolk Southern Corporation. A Revenue Service Demonstration is scheduled to commence in October 2003. The monitoring system will be installed on five coal hopper cars and tested in revenue service. Southern Company Service is providing the test cars. The train will operate on a Norfolk Southern line between a coalmine near Berry, AL and an electric power plant, located 35 miles southeast of Birmingham. The demonstration is scheduled to run for six months. The demonstration will showcase some of the latest technologies in wireless communications and railroad bearings. A tri-mode cell telephone will be used for data telemetry between the on-board monitoring system and a web-accessible database. The Timken Company has developed two innovative systems that will be deployed in the demonstration — a permanent magnet generator mounted inside a Class F railroad bearing and bearing health monitoring system featuring temperature and vibration sensors, a tachometer, a micro-controller and an RF transmitter mounted inside a Class F bearing.

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Gravely, Michael, Bruce La Belle e John Balachandra. "Independent Assessment of the Energy Savings, Environmental Improvements and Water Conservation of Emerging Non-Chemical Water Treatment Technologies". In ASME 2010 Citrus Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/cec2010-5602.

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This paper discusses the results of a project funded by the California Energy Commission Public Interest Energy Research (PIER) to complete an independent assessment of the energy savings, environmental improvements and water conservation capabilities of emerging non-chemical water treatment technologies. The project was completed by a team from California State University at Sacramento and included a technical review of the emerging technologies and a detailed assessment of the emerging non-chemical water treatment technology. Clearwater Systems, Corp. The research was focused on gathering information from industrial field customers who had purchased and installed these systems and had actual experience with their operational characteristics from several months to several years. The team completed a telephone survey with approximately 15 end user customers and made site visits to ten sites. Some limited independent water testing was also completed. The results of these phone surveys and site visits were consolidated and placed in an interim report. Even though only a small number of end user customers were actually surveyed or visited, the research indicated that several hundred systems have been successfully installed in California and throughout the United States. The emerging technologies provide nonchemical treatment for cooling tower and evaporative condenser system water. All the information collected and results derived from this effort will be made available to the public later this year in the form of a PIER Technical Report. A Project Advisory Committee that included representatives from CalEPA, the Energy Commission PIER Program and local utilities supported this team. Disclaimer: This technical paper is a result of work sponsored by the California Energy Commission and does not necessarily represent the views of the Energy Commission, its employees or the State of California. This technical paper has not been approved or disapproved by the California Energy Commission nor has the Energy Commission passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of the information in this technical paper. Paper published with permission.

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Geng, Wei-Feng. "Research on Foreign Language Voice System Based on Computer Telephony Integration". In 2015 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks (CICN). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cicn.2015.136.

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RAKOWSKA, Joanna. "THE RURAL-URBAN PARTNERSHIP IN EU REGIONAL POLICY – THE EVIDENCE FROM POLAND". In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.121.

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Referring to research and a number of publications on rural-urban partnership, the paper discusses the evidence on such partnerships in Poland, provided by projects carried out under Operational Programmes 2007–2013(2015). The study was based on data from telephone interviews with representatives of 25 local self-governments and on data from the Information System for Monitoring and Control, which includes data sets on all projects carried out under national and regional Operational Programmes 2007–2013 and is disseminated by the Ministry of Infrastructure and Development. The verifying datasets were obtained from Poland’s Central Statistical Office, the National Court Register, and the Ministry of Economy. The findings showed that the commune-unions and limited liability companies set up by the rural and urban local self-governments (LAU2) in Poland have had the characteristics of rural-urban partnerships. These entities were beneficiaries of Operational Programmes 2007–2013. This proves that in practise EU structural funds have been supporting rural-urban partnerships in Poland, although they have not been addressed specifically to them. Despite the on-going theoretical discussion on the definition of rural-urban partnership and the fact that it was purposely not explained to the interviewed the representatives of local self-governments, this form of collaboration was well-recognised by them.

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Sharma, Manoj, e Alpana Sharma. "Truth of evidence collection, follow up and patient retrieval systems for gynaecological cancer patients: An Indian survey". In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685351.

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Introduction: The Evidence Based Medicine in oncological sciences is founded on many factors. Pathetic state of patient retrieval system and follow up are some of the inherent problems faced in developing countries. The absence of follow up seems to affect the patient survival, intervention in case of predictive recurrence, and it also fails to fortifies authenticity of research and survival data. Paper outlines histrionics, evolved/recommended methodologies, nationwide survey with regards to authenticity of Evidence Based Practices in Oncological research. It opens the facts sheet of awareness, practice of follow-up and obstacles faced in India institutions. Relevant for obstetricians adopting Gynec Oncology. Aims and Objective: (1) To Evaluate the Evidence based practice of Gynec Oncology, (2) To evaluate the effectiveness of follow up methodologies, (3) Compliance of institutions and oncologist with regards to follow-up of Gynec cancer patients. Materials and Methods: The follow up methodology propagated; 1–6 address system (IARC 3 Address System), 2-Postcarding, 3-SMS/Telephony, 4-Door to door patient retrieval, 5-Family Physician referrals/feedback, 6-Software Alert on follow up defaulters in the Hospital Based Cancer Registry. etc. A stock taking was started 10 years back with repeated circulars on dates of “The National Cancer Calendar” (one date every months) that were sent to some 10,000 E-mail address of personnel/institutions connected with oncological sciences. Over five years 150 postgraduate examinees and 50 faculty in various institutions were interviewed on their 1 - Practicing Evidence Based Gynec Oncology and 2 - Understanding of Follow up/patient retrieval system practices in Gynec cancers. As an inspector of a major medical accreditation institution 50 institutions were inspected and existence of their follow up methodologies were evaluated. 100 post graduate dissertations reviewed, were studied with regards to status of follow up in the study carried out or the existence of follow-up system in the institution. Undergraduate students and their text books were searched if they are educated about follow up and necessity of patient retrieval system and its significance in Medical sciences. Faculty/Specialist of Obs and Gyn departments were interviewed for the same. Observations and Results: Response to circulars on follow up in cancer patients was cold shouldered, 95 percent of examinee PG students did not know how to follow up the cancer patients, out which as many as 90 percent of their institutions did not have any follow up system in order. 99 percent of dissertation did not show any effort from the side of candidate for patient retrieval system in order to fortify the research data. Only 20 percent institutions had infrastructure and significant effort (including door to door retrieval) on following up the patients that are treated there. Non of the undergraduate text books had guidelines or teaching in follow up so were total blankness of concept of follow up with undergraduate students. The awareness of Evidence based practice of Gynec oncology in most of the faculty of Obs and Gyne Departments was abysmal and “Not Necessary or Not possible” issue. Conclusion: Death and prolongation of survival both in curable and not so curable gynec cancers is directly related to Patient retrieval through follow up that generates evidence on Indian patients. In order to improve the survival and timely therapeutic intervention, follow up has to be strengthen at under graduate and post graduate medical teaching. This also applies for the authenticity of oncological research data that is produced in large numbers in developing countries. This is especially significant in the large poor socio economic gynec cancer patient population with poor literacy levels and far off homes from cancer treatment centres.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Telephone systems – Research"

Carreras, Marco, Amrita Saha e John Thompson. Rapid Assessment of the Impact of Covid-19 on Food Systems and Rural Livelihoods in Sub-Saharan Africa – Synthesis Report 1. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), settembre 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2020.008.

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To gain a better understanding of the impact that COVID-19 is having on food systems and rural livelihoods in the region, researchers in the Agricultural Policy Research in Africa (APRA) Programme of the Future Agricultures Consortium (FAC) are conducting a rolling series of telephone-based household surveys and key informant interviews in selected study locations across multiple countries. This report presents results from the first round of that research in seven countries – Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, Tanzania and Zimbabwe – from interviews conducted in June-July 2020.1 APRA will monitor the situation as the pandemic unfolds through further rounds of data collection and analysis in late 2020 and early 2021.

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