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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Thérapeutique par l'exercice – Simulation par ordinateur"
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Tesi sul tema "Thérapeutique par l'exercice – Simulation par ordinateur"
Tout, Bilal. "Identification of human-robot systems in physical interaction : application to muscle activity detection". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Valenciennes, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, 2024. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/36d9eab3-c170-4e40-abb6-e6b4e27aeee2.
Testo completoOver the last years, physical human-robot interaction has become an important research subject, for example for rehabilitation applications. This PhD aims at improving these interactions, as part of model-based controllers development, using parametric identification approaches to identify models of the systems in interaction. The goal is to develop identification methods taking into account the variability and complexity of the human body, and only using the sensor of the robotic system to avoid adding external sensors. The different approaches presented in this thesis are tested experimentally on a one degree of freedom (1-DOF) system allowing the interaction with a person’s hand.After a 1st chapter presenting the state-of-the-art, the 2nd chapter tackles the identification methods developed in robotics as well as the issue of data filtering, analyzed both in simulation and experimentally. The question of the low-pass filter tuning is addressed, and in particular the choice of the cut-off frequency which remains delicate for a nonlinear system. To overcome these difficulties, a filtering technique using an extended Kalman filter (EKF) is developed from the robot dynamic model. The proposed EKF formulation allows a filter tuning depending on the known properties of the sensor and on the confidence on the initial parameters estimations. This method is compared in simulation and experimentally to different existing methods by analyzing its sensitivity to initialization and filter tuning. Results show that the proposed method is promising if the EKF is correctly tuned.The 3rd chapter concerns the continuous identification of the parameters of the model of a passive system interacting with a robotic system, by combining payload identification methods with online identification algorithms, without external sensors. These methods are validated in simulation and experimentally with the 1-DOF system whose handle is attached to elastic rubber bands to emulate a passive human joint. The analysis of the effects of the online methods tuning highlights a necessary trade-off between the convergence speed and the accuracy of the parameters estimates. Finally, the comparison of the payload identification methods shows that methods identifying separately the robotic system and the passive human parameters give better accuracy and a lower computation complexity.The 4th chapter deals with the identification during the human-robot interaction. A quadratic stiffness model is proposed to better fit the passive human joint behavior than a linear stiffness model. Then, this model is used with an iterative identification method based on outlier rejection technique, to detect the human user muscle activity without external sensors. This method is compared experimentally to a non-iterative method that uses electromyography (EMG), by adapting the 1-DOF system to interact with the wrist and to allow the detection of the flexor and extensor muscle activity of two human users. The proposed iterative identification method not using EMG signals achieves results close to those obtained with the non-iterative method using EMG signals when a model that correctly represents the passive human joint behavior is selected. The muscle activity detection results obtained with both methods show a satisfactory level of similarity compared to those obtained directly from EMG signals
Anato, Houssui. "Contribution à la réalisation d'un appareillage d'hyperthermie en thérapie antitumorale : simulation numérique". Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20007.
Testo completoMajorczyk, Vincent. "Modélisation des interactions entre solides déformables et films fluides pour la simulation médicale temps-réel". Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10014/document.
Testo completoThis thesis provides a solution to the coupling of a fluid with a deformable solid in the context of real-time medical applications. This work focuses on the special case of a fluid film embedded within two layers of soft tissues. The first contribution of this document is related to a semi-Lagrangian fluid method. We propose a modification of an existant method to use it as a 2.5D fluid model. The second contribution concerns the coupling model, where the behavior of the fluid-solid interface is predicted during the fluid computation. The third contribution highlights 2 medical applications which rely on this approach, in the fields of eye surgery and reconstructive surgery
Lardy, Julien. "Analyse et simulation cinématique du mouvement du bras lors de la manipulation d'un objet pour la simulation ergonomique à l’aide d’un mannequin numérique". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10018/document.
Testo completoThe thesis work presented in this manuscript focuses on the simulation of an handling motion, more specifically on the grasp followed by the rotation of a sphere along a fixed single axis. The aim here is, from the analysis of actual motions, to be able to propose an simulation algorithm reproducing motions comparable to experimental data, with the less input as possible and trying to introduce some variability into the simulated motion. 12 volunteers participated to the experiment. Subjects were asked to grasp and turn a sphere of 60mm of diameter. Amplitudes of rotations were ranged from 45° to 360°, in both directions. Experimental data analysis, completed with some simulations of the effect of joint limits on motion, allowed us to investigate several motion control hypothesis as the end-state comfort hypothesis or the minimum work principle. One of the main conclusions is that postural anticipation when grasping seems to be more explained by the comfort at the end of the motion than when grasping. Based on these observations, we proposed a simulation algorithm being original by the way of how it takes into account possible motions allowed by joint limits and by the introduction of variability into the simulated grasp posture. The first results seem to follow most part of the experimental observations giving a strong basis to go towards simulation tools that will come closer to a “human” behavior
Lignet, Floriane. "Approches mathématiques multi-niveaux pour l'étude de la croissance des tumeurs : Application à la morphogenèse du cancer du sein et ciblage thérapeutique de l'angiogenèse du cancer du côlon". Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00844807.
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