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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Thiols"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 25 luglio 2025

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1

Zelli, Renaud, Pascal Dumy, and Alberto Marra. "Metal-free synthesis of imino-disaccharides and calix-iminosugars by photoinduced radical thiol–ene coupling (TEC)." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 18, no. 13 (2020): 2392–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ob00198h.

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Deprotected iminosugar alkenes were subjected to thiol–ene coupling with deprotected sugar thiols to afford new imino-disaccharides. Two thiol–ene couplings converted these alkenes into iminosugar thiols and then multivalent iminosugars.

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2

YILMAZ, Yücel, Şaban KELEŞOĞLU, Kemal TEKİN, et al. "A New Biomarker in The Distinction Between Stable Coronary Artery Disease and Acute Coronary Syndrome:Thiols." Journal of Contemporary Medicine 12, no. 4 (2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.16899/jcm.981853.

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Backraund; Thiols are important elements for oxidation reactions and under oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to determine thiole levels, an antioxidative marker in CAD patients with stable and acute coronary syndrome.  Methods; 210 of the patients included in the study were diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), 205 consisted of patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP). Thiol groups levels and thiol/disulphide homeostasis was measured by spectrophotometrically.  Results: Native thiol and total thiol levels, disulfide/natural thiol and disulfide/total thiol ratios

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3

Kalyanaraman, B. "Thiyl radicals in biological systems: significant or trivial?" Biochemical Society Symposia 61 (November 1, 1995): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bss0610055.

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Thiyl radicals are formed from one-electron oxidation of thiols. Thiyl radicals participate in a number of reactions including electron transfer, hydrogen abstraction and addition reactions with several biological constituents and xenobiotics. Thiyl radicals can be detected by optical spectroscopy or by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. Thiyl radicals appear to play a role in the nitrosylation of thiols and protein thiols. The exact mechanism of thiol-induced enhancement of oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein remains questionable. The proposed role of thiyl radicals in

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4

Skalska, Jolanta, Paul S. Brookes, S. M. Nadtochy, et al. "Modulation of Cell Surface Protein Free Thiols; A Potential Novel Mechanism of Action of the Sesquiterpene Lactone Parthenolide in Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma." Blood 114, no. 22 (2009): 3774. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.3774.3774.

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Abstract Abstract 3774 Poster Board III-710 Recent data supports the concept that redox regulation of cell surface protein thiols (i.e., exofacial thiols) effects critical cellular functions. We therefore hypothesized that redox-active anti-cancer therapeutics would modulate exofacial thiols, and that such modulation could be related to cell death mechanisms. To test this hypothesis, we used the sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide, a known anti-cancer agent. Parthenolide treatment results in a dose dependent decrease in mantle cell (MCL) and diffuse large cell lymphoma cell viability. Indeed, p

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5

Sawada, K., B. C. W. Hummel, and P. G. Walfish. "Intermediate Mr cytosolic components potentiate hepatic 5′-deiodinase activation by thiols." Biochemical Journal 238, no. 3 (1986): 787–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2380787.

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The role in the activation of microsomal 5′-deiodinase (5′-DI) of rat hepatic cytosolic components of Mr approx. 13,000 (Fraction B) was studied in the presence of various concentrations of thiol compounds such as dithiothreitol (DTT), dihydrolipoamide (DHLA), GSH, and 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME). Although Fraction B (which was prepared by gel filtration to exclude GSH and GSSG) had no intrinsic 5′-DI activity, could not stimulate microsomal 5′-DI activity in the absence of added thiol and did not contain GSH as a mixed disulphide, it could produce a 3-fold increase in the maximal deiodinase acti

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6

MANDAL, G., S. WYLLIE, N. SINGH, S. SUNDAR, A. H. FAIRLAMB, and M. CHATTERJEE. "Increased levels of thiols protect antimony unresponsive Leishmania donovani field isolates against reactive oxygen species generated by trivalent antimony." Parasitology 134, no. 12 (2007): 1679–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182007003150.

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SUMMARYThe current trend of antimony (Sb) unresponsiveness in the Indian subcontinent is a major impediment to effective chemotherapy of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Although contributory mechanisms studied in laboratory-raised Sb-R parasites include an up-regulation of drug efflux pumps and increased thiols, their role in clinical isolates is not yet substantiated. Accordingly, our objectives were to study the contributory role of thiols in the generation of Sb unresponsiveness in clinical isolates. Promastigotes were isolated from VL patients who were either Sb responsive (n=2) or unresponsi

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7

Folikumah, Makafui Y., Marc Behl, and Andreas Lendlein. "Reaction behaviour of peptide-based single thiol-thioesters exchange reaction substrate in the presence of externally added thiols." MRS Communications 11, no. 4 (2021): 402–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s43579-021-00041-z.

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Abstract Identification of patterns in chemical reaction pathways aids in the effective design of molecules for specific applications. Here, we report on model reactions with a water-soluble single thiol-thioester exchange (TTE) reaction substrate, which was designed taking in view biological and medical applications. This substrate consists of the thio-depsipeptide, Ac-Pro-Leu-Gly-SLeu-Leu-Gly-NEtSH (TDP) and does not yield foul-smelling thiol exchange products when compared with aromatic thiol containing single TTE substrates. TDP generates an α,ω-dithiol crosslinker in situ in a ‘pseudo int

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8

Steenkamp, D. J. "Simple methods for the detection and quantification of thiols from Crithidia fasciculata and for the isolation of trypanothione." Biochemical Journal 292, no. 1 (1993): 295–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2920295.

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Methods for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of thiols by means of the fluorogenic reagent 7-diethylamino-3-(4′-maleimidylphenyl)-4-methylcoumarin are described, with particular reference to the trypanosomatid metabolites glutathionylspermidine (GSH-spermidine) and trypanothione. Second-order rate constants for the derivatization of seven different thiols under defined experimental conditions and at 21 degrees C varied between 619 +/- 34 and 10,560 +/- 236 M-1.s-1.T.l.c. of the thiols from Crithidia fasciculata was used to monitor the purification of trypanothione from this organism i

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9

Liu, Zhengkun, Qianqian Wang, Hao Wang, Wenting Su, and Shouliang Dong. "A FRET Based Two-Photon Fluorescent Probe for Visualizing Mitochondrial Thiols of Living Cells and Tissues." Sensors 20, no. 6 (2020): 1746. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20061746.

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Glutathione (GSH) is the main component of the mitochondrial thiol pool and plays key roles in the biological processes. Many evidences have suggested that cysteine and homocysteine also exist in mitochondria and are interrelated with GSH in biological systems. The fluctuation of the levels of mitochondrial thiols has been linked to many diseases and cells’ dysfunction. Therefore, the monitoring of mitochondrial thiol status is of great significance for clinical studies. We report here a novel fluorescence resonance energy transfer based two-photon probe MT-1 for mitochondrial thiols detection

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10

Cavalli, Federica, Lies De Keer, Birgit Huber, Paul H. M. Van Steenberge, Dagmar R. D'hooge, and Leonie Barner. "A kinetic study on the para-fluoro-thiol reaction in view of its use in materials design." Polymer Chemistry 10, no. 22 (2019): 2781–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9py00435a.

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A detailed kinetic study on the para-fluoro-thiol reaction (PFTR) using experimental analysis and kinetic Monte Carlo modeling is introduced, covering the difference in reactivity of a selected variety of structurally different thiols, uniquely including polymeric thiols.

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11

Copper, Alexander Willem, Cassandra Collins, Susan E. P. Bastian, Trent E. Johnson, and Dimitra L. Capone. "Preliminary investigation of potent thiols in Cypriot wines made from indigenous grape varieties Xynisteri, Maratheftiko and Giannoudhi." OENO One 55, no. 1 (2021): 223–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.2021.55.1.4516.

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Polyfunctional thiols have previously been shown to be key aroma compounds in Sauvignon blanc and more recently in Chardonnay wines. Their role in other wine varieties such as those made from three popular indigenous Cypriot grape varieties has remained unexplored. As an extension of a previous project that profiled the sensory and chemical characteristics of Cypriot wines and their comparison to Australian wines, this study aimed to investigate five potent thiols in Xynisteri, Maratheftiko, Giannoudhi, Pinot gris, Chardonnay and Shiraz wines. Wines were analysed utilising Stable Isotope Dilut

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12

Jaschke, M., H. Wolf, H. Schönherr, H. Ringsdorf, E. Bamberg, and H. J. Butt. "The molecular structure of thiol-monolayers on gold imaged with an Atomic Force Microscope." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 53 (August 13, 1995): 714–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100139949.

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Thiols spontaneously form monolayers on gold. An important question is which factors determine the structure of the thiols. The two extreme positions are: (a) the structure of the underlying gold determines the packing of the thiol molecules; (b) the geometry of the thiol molecules and the interaction between thiols determine their two-dimensional structure.To help answer this question two series of thiol molecules on gold (111) were imaged by atomic force microscopy. In order to reduce the force between tip and sample, and to prevent distortion of the thiol monolayer, all images were taken in

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13

Amir, Roey, Assaf Harnoy, Nitsan Papo, and Gadi Slor. "Mixing End Groups in Thiol-Ene/Yne Reactions as a Simple Approach toward Multienzyme-Responsive Polymeric Amphiphiles." Synlett 29, no. 19 (2018): 2582–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1611340.

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Taking advantage of the high fidelity of thiol-ene and thiol-yne chemistries, we used mixtures of thiols to prepare degradable PEG-dendron amphiphiles functionalized with two different types of enzymatically cleavable end groups. By tuning the feed ratios of the two thiols, we achieved mixtures of hybrids with statistically different ratios of end groups. Studies of the disassembly of statistically mixed hybrids showed that these amphiphiles have higher degrees of response when incubated with each of the activating enzymes, whereas a greater degree of selectivity was observed for a control mix

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14

Mafata, Mpho, Maria Stander, Baptiste Thomachot, and Astrid Buica. "Measuring Thiols in Single Cultivar South African Red Wines Using 4,4-Dithiodipyridine (DTDP) Derivatization and Ultraperformance Convergence Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry." Foods 7, no. 9 (2018): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods7090138.

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Wine varietal thiols are important contributors to wine aroma. The chemical nature of thiols makes them difficult to measure due to low concentrations, high sensitivity to oxidation, and low ionization. Methods for the measurement of thiols usually consist of multiple steps of sample preparation followed by instrumental measurement. Studies have collected large datasets of thiols in white wine but not in red wine, due to the lack of availability of suitable methods. In this study, for the first time, convergence chromatography was used to measure thiols in red wine at ultratrace levels with im

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15

P., Pullaiah, Suchitra M. M., and Siddhartha Kumar B. "Protein carbonyls and protein thiols in rheumatoid arthritis." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 6, no. 5 (2018): 1738. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20181770.

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Background: Oxidative stress (OS) has an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). OS causes protein modification, thereby impairing the biological functions of the protein. This study was conducted to assess the oxidatively modified protein as protein carbonyl content and the antioxidant status as protein thiols, and to study the association between protein carbonyls and protein thiols in RA.Methods: Newly diagnosed RA patients who were not taking any disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs were included into the study group (n=45) along with age and sex

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16

Boekhoud, Lisanne, Jacqueline Koeze, Elisabeth C. van der Slikke, et al. "Acute Kidney Injury is Associated with Lowered Plasma-Free Thiol Levels." Antioxidants 9, no. 11 (2020): 1135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9111135.

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Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with the abrupt loss of kidney function. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathophysiology of AKI. Free thiols (R-SH) are crucial components of the extracellular antioxidant machinery and reliably reflect systemic oxidative stress. Lower levels of thiols represent higher levels of oxidative stress. In this preliminary study, we hypothesized that plasma-free thiols are associated with AKI upon admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). In this study, 301 critically ill patients were included. Plasma samples were taken upon admission, and al

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17

Yamamoto, Hiroki, Takuya Fujiwara, Takashi Funatsu, and Makoto Tsunoda. "Quantification of Intracellular Thiols by HPLC-Fluorescence Detection." Molecules 26, no. 8 (2021): 2365. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26082365.

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Biothiols, such as cysteine and glutathione, play important roles in various intracellular reactions represented by the redox equilibrium against oxidative stress. In this study, a method for intracellular thiol quantification using HPLC-fluorescence detection was developed. Thiols were derivatized with a thiol-specific fluorescence derivatization reagent, viz. ammonium 7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonate (SBD-F), followed by reversed-phase separation on an InertSustain AQ-C18 column. Six different SBD-thiols (homocysteine, cysteine, cysteinylglycine, γ-glutamylcysteine, glutathione, and

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18

Chen, Liang, Dimitra L. Capone, and David W. Jeffery. "Analysis of Potent Odour-Active Volatile Thiols in Foods and Beverages with a Focus on Wine." Molecules 24, no. 13 (2019): 2472. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24132472.

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Certain volatile thiols are some of the most potent odour-active molecules that are found in nature. Thiols play significant roles in the aroma qualities of a range of foods and beverages, including wine, with extremely low odour detection thresholds (nanogram per litre range). A fundamental understanding of their formation, fate, and impact essentially depends on the development of suitable analytical methods. The analysis of volatile thiols in foods and beverages is a challenging task when considering (1) the complexity of food and beverage matrices and (2) that thiols are highly reactive, l

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19

Langford, C. R., D. W. Johnson, and N. R. Cameron. "Chemical functionalization of emulsion-templated porous polymers by thiol–ene “click” chemistry." Polym. Chem. 5, no. 21 (2014): 6200–6206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4py00713a.

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20

Crmarić, Dora, and Elvira Bura-Nakić. "Interaction between Cu and Thiols of Biological and Environmental Importance: Case Study Using Combined Spectrophotometric/Bathocuproine Sulfonate Disodium Salt Hydrate (BCS) Assay." Molecules 28, no. 13 (2023): 5065. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28135065.

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Considering the biological and ecological importance of Cu–thiol interactions and the discrepancies in previous research, this study focuses on Cu interactions with biologically and ecologically relevant thiols: glutathione (GSH), L-cysteine (L-cys), 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA), and thioacetic acid (TAA) in aqueous solution. The addition of Cu(II) to a thiol-containing solution led to a rapid reduction of Cu(II) and the formation of a Cu(I)–thiol complex. The mechanism of Cu(II) reduction and Cu(I) complex formation as well as the kinetics of Cu(I) oxidation strongly depend on the structura

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Hong, Seung-Mo, Oh Young Kim, and Seok-Ho Hwang. "Chemistry of Polythiols and Their Industrial Applications." Materials 17, no. 6 (2024): 1343. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17061343.

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Thiols can react with readily available organic substrates under benign conditions, making them suitable for use in chemical, biological, physical, and materials and engineering research areas. In particular, the highly efficient thiol-based click reaction includes the reaction of radicals with electron-rich enes, Michael addition with electron-poor enes, carbonyl addition with isocyanate SN2 ring opening with epoxies, and SN2 nucleophilic substitution with halogens. This mini review provides insights into emerging venues for their industrial applications, especially for the applications of th

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Gupta, Pradeep, and Chandra Maurya. "Phosphorus Pentasulfide Mediated Conversion of Primary Carbamates into Thiols." Synlett 28, no. 13 (2017): 1649–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1589026.

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In this paper, we report a method for the conversion of primary carbamates into thiols in the presence of phosphorus pentasulfide (P2S5) in refluxing toluene. Presently, no method exists in the literature for conversion of carbamates into thiols and, to the best of our knowledge, it is the first report for this type of conversion. This method presents an indirect route for the conversion of alcohols into thiols via their carbamate derivatives that may be useful in the total synthesis of compounds containing a thiol functionality.

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23

Liszewska, F., A. Blaszczyk, and A. Sirko. "Modification of non-protein thiols contents in transgenic tobacco plants producing bacterial enzymes of cysteine biosynthesis pathway." Acta Biochimica Polonica 48, no. 3 (2001): 647–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18388/abp.2001_3899.

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Conditions of achieving the maximal accumulation of sulfhydryl metabolites in the leaves of tobacco were explored. Simultaneous production of bacterial O-acetylserine (thiol)-lyase and serine acetyltransferase resulted in the increased thiols contents as compared to single transformants and controls. However, leaf discs feeding experiments differently affected thiols concentration in different plant groups and suggested that the most promising strategy to obtain plants with a high level of non-protein thiol-containing compounds might be sulfate feeding to plants overproducing serine acetyltran

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Warangkar, Suchita C., and Chandrahas N. Khobragade. "Purification, Characterization, and Effect of Thiol Compounds on Activity of the Erwinia carotovora L-Asparaginase." Enzyme Research 2010 (November 1, 2010): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2010/165878.

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L-asparaginase was extracted from Erwinia carotovora and purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation (60–70%), Sephadex G-100, CM cellulose, and DEAE sephadex chromatography. The apparent Mr of enzyme under nondenaturing and denaturing conditions was 150 kDa and kDa, respectively. L-asparaginase activity was studied in presence of thiols, namely, L-cystine (Cys), L-methionine (Met), N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), and reduced glutathione (GSH). Kinetic parameters in presence of thiols (10–400 M) showed an increase in values (2000, 2223, 2380, 2500, and control 1666.7 moles ) and a decrease in values (

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Ovchinnikova, S. N., and T. P. Aleksandrova. "Effect of solution composition on the desorption behavior of self-assembled monolayers of alkanethiols with different terminal groups." Èlektrohimiâ 60, no. 4 (2024): 300–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0424857024040042.

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Voltammetry and chronoamperometry are used to study the effect of the composition of a solution on the desorption behavior of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of alkanethiols with approximately the same chain length but different end groups of thiols (R: –CH3, –CH2OH, and –NH2). The hydrophilic properties of terminal groups for the studied thiols increase in the –CH3 –NH2 ≤ –CH2OH series. It has been found that the anion and cation compositions of electrolyte significantly affect the electrochemical stability and blocking ability of SAMs of thiols with different terminal groups. It has been es

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Ali, Nura A., Mona A. Atwa, Radwa El-Sayed Marie, and Asmaa K. Abdelmaogood. "Assessment of serum levels of total thiol, thiol-disulfide, and total thiol/thiol-disulfide ratio in patients with vitiligo before and after narrowband ultraviolet B therapy." Egyptian Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 45, no. 1 (2025): 76–85. https://doi.org/10.4103/ejdv.ejdv_27_24.

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Background Vitiligo pathogenesis entails an autoimmune response targeting melanocytes. Oxidative stress is a major contributor to melanocyte cytotoxicity in vitiligo. One useful therapeutic option for vitiligo is the narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) therapy. However, ultraviolet radiation is associated with elevated oxidative stress. The thiol/disulfide equilibrium is the balance between thiols, as potent antioxidants, and their oxidized molecules, thiol disulfides. This balance is altered with increased oxidative stress. Patients and methods The study included 33 vitiligo patients and 33 con

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Wang, Shenggang, Yue Huang, and Xiangming Guan. "Fluorescent Probes for Live Cell Thiol Detection." Molecules 26, no. 12 (2021): 3575. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26123575.

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Thiols play vital and irreplaceable roles in the biological system. Abnormality of thiol levels has been linked with various diseases and biological disorders. Thiols are known to distribute unevenly and change dynamically in the biological system. Methods that can determine thiols’ concentration and distribution in live cells are in high demand. In the last two decades, fluorescent probes have emerged as a powerful tool for achieving that goal for the simplicity, high sensitivity, and capability of visualizing the analytes in live cells in a non-invasive way. They also enable the determinatio

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Bourgonje, Arno R., Amaal Eman Abdulle, Areej M. Al-Rawas, et al. "Systemic Oxidative Stress Is Increased in Postmenopausal Women and Independently Associates with Homocysteine Levels." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 1 (2020): 314. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21010314.

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Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Postmenopausal women have an increased risk of developing CVD due to decreased estrogen availability, which is accompanied by increased oxidative stress. Serum free thiols (R-SH) provide a robust and powerful read-out of systemic oxidative stress. In this study, we aimed to establish serum levels of free thiols and explore associations between free thiols and demographic, clinical, and biochemical parameters related to obesity and the risk for developing CVD in both pre- and postmenopausal women. Serum

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Andersson, A., A. Lindgren, and B. Hultberg. "Effect of thiol oxidation and thiol export from erythrocytes on determination of redox status of homocysteine and other thiols in plasma from healthy subjects and patients with cerebral infarction." Clinical Chemistry 41, no. 3 (1995): 361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/41.3.361.

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Abstract Changes in concentration of reduced and oxidized low-M(r) thiols were measured in blood and plasma before and after the separation of blood cells. If centrifugation of blood was postponed, the reduced form of homocysteine in plasma increased with time at 22 degrees C; in contrast, the concentrations of other reduced thiols (cysteine, glutathione, and cysteinylglycine) decreased. In plasma the reduced forms of all thiols disappeared at a rate that followed first-order kinetics. The rates of disappearance ("half-lives") were temperature-dependent; they were about the same for glutathion

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Akdogan, Muberra, Yasemin Ustundag, Arzu Akdağ, Salim Neselioglu, and Ozcan Erel. "The Thiol-Disulfide Homeostasis and Coenzyme Q10 in Conjunction with Vitamin E Effect on Retinopathy Prematurity." Open Ophthalmology Journal 13, no. 1 (2019): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874364101913010023.

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Purpose: This study was performed to determine whether one drop of topical administration of Coqun® (Coenzyme Q10 and Vitamin E)-a potent antioxidant-twice a day has any effect on the thiol-disulphide homeostasis-a novel oxidative stress marker in the Retinopathy Of Prematurity (ROP) disease course. Methods: This was a prospective observational study comprising 28 infants with ROP at stage 2 and higher who followed up at the paediatric intensive care unit. Ferric reducing power of plasma (FRAP), albumin, ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) and thiol disulphide homeostasis levels were studied in th

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Olson, Kenneth R., Kasey J. Clear, Yan Gao, et al. "Redox and Nucleophilic Reactions of Naphthoquinones with Small Thiols and Their Effects on Oxidization of H2S to Inorganic and Organic Hydropolysulfides and Thiosulfate." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 8 (2023): 7516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087516.

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Naphthoquinone (1,4-NQ) and its derivatives (NQs, juglone, plumbagin, 2-methoxy-1,4-NQ, and menadione) have a variety of therapeutic applications, many of which are attributed to redox cycling and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We previously demonstrated that NQs also oxidize hydrogen sulfide (H2S) to reactive sulfur species (RSS), potentially conveying identical benefits. Here we use RSS-specific fluorophores, mass spectroscopy, EPR and UV-Vis spectrometry, and oxygen-sensitive optodes to examine the effects of thiols and thiol-NQ adducts on H2S-NQ reactions. In the presence

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Rovati, Davide, Benedetta Albini, Pietro Galinetto, et al. "High Stability Thiol-Coated Gold Nanostars Monolayers with Photo-Thermal Antibacterial Activity and Wettability Control." Nanomaterials 9, no. 9 (2019): 1288. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9091288.

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The adhesion and proliferation of bacteria on abiotic surfaces pose challenges in both health care and industrial applications. Gold nanostars (GNSs) monolayers grafted on glass have demonstrated to exert antibacterial action due to their photo-thermal features. Here, these GNS layers were further functionalized using thiols monolayers, in order to impart different wettability to the surfaces and thus adding a feature that could help to fight bacterial proliferation. Thiol that has different functional groups was used and the thiol-protected surfaces were characterized by means of UV-vis spect

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Ghosh, Tamashree, Abhishek Santra, and Anup Kumar Misra. "Appel-reagent-mediated transformation of glycosyl hemiacetal derivatives into thioglycosides and glycosyl thiols." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 9 (May 22, 2013): 974–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.9.112.

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Abstract (sommario):

A series of glycosyl hemiacetal derivatives have been transformed into thioglycosides and glycosyl thiols in a one-pot two-step reaction sequence mediated by Appel reagent (carbon tetrabromide and triphenylphosphine). 1,2-trans-Thioglycosides and β-glycosyl thiol derivatives were stereoselectively formed by the reaction of the in situ generated glycosyl bromides with thiols and sodium carbonotrithioate. The reaction conditions are reasonably simple and yields were very good.

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34

Peddinti, Rama, and Pallavi Singh. "Waste-Free Swift Synthesis of Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical Diarylmethyl Thioethers from Diaryl Carbinols." Synthesis 49, no. 16 (2017): 3633–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1589022.

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Abstract (sommario):

A waste-free and swift protocol to synthesize symmetrical and unsymmetrical diarylmethyl thioethers from diaryl carbinols and thiols in good to quantitative yields is reported. The thiol scope included alkyl and aryl thiols bearing electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups. Short reaction time, high atom economy, inexpensive activator, free from workup and aryl halides, and gram-scale synthesis are the significant features of the new protocol.

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35

Bednářová, Eva, Simona Hybelbauerová та Jindřich Jindřich. "Optimized methods for preparation of 6I-(ω-sulfanyl-alkylene-sulfanyl)-β-cyclodextrin derivatives". Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 12 (24 лютого 2016): 349–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.12.38.

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Abstract (sommario):

A general high-yielding method for the preparation of monosubstituted β-cyclodextrin derivatives which have attached a thiol group in position 6 is described. The thiol group is attached through linkers of different lengths and repeating units (ethylene glycol or methylene). The target compounds were characterized by IR, MS and NMR spectra. A simple method for their complete conversion to the corresponding disulfides as well as a method for the reduction of the disulfides back to the thiols is presented. Both, thiols and disulfides are derivatives usable for well-defined covalent attachment of

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36

Al-Humadi, Nabil H., Joseph KH Ma, Daniel M. Lewis, Jane YC Ma, Mark W. Barger, and Paul D. Siegel. "Dose-dependent thiol and immune responses to ovalbumin challenge in Brown Norway rats." Toxicology and Industrial Health 18, no. 7 (2002): 343–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0748233702th155oa.

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Abstract (sommario):

Dose-dependent specific antibody production, antigen-dependent pulmonary inflammation, and thiol changes in the lung and associated lymph nodes were examined in a Brown Norway rat model of pulmonary sensitization. Cysteine (CYSH), glutathione (GSH), and markers of inflammation in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured following ovalbumin (OVA) inhalation challenge. Alveolar macrophages (AM) and pulmonary-associated lymph node cells (LNC) were isolated and intracellular CYSH and GSH assessed. OVA-specific IgE and IgG antibodies were quantified from sera. A dose-dependent biphasic res

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37

Bramanti, Emilia, Cecilia Vecoli, Danilo Neglia, Maria Paola Pellegrini, Giorgio Raspi, and Renata Barsacchi. "Speciation and Quantification of Thiols by Reversed-Phase Chromatography Coupled with On-Line Chemical Vapor Generation and Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometric Detection: Method Validation and Preliminary Application for Glutathione Measurements in Human Whole Blood." Clinical Chemistry 51, no. 6 (2005): 1007–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2004.045443.

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Abstract (sommario):

Abstract Background: We developed a sensitive, specific method for the low–molecular-mass thiols cysteine, cysteinylglycine, glutathione, and homocysteine and validated the method for measurement of glutathione in blood. Methods: The technique was based on reversed-phase chromatography (RPC) coupled on line with cold vapor generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (CVGAFS). Thiols were derivatized before introduction on the column by use of a p-hydroxymercuribenzoate (PHMB) mercurial probe and separated as thiol-PHMB complexes on a Vydac C4 column. Postcolumn on-line reaction of derivatized

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38

Pellom, Samuel, Ryan Michalek, and Jason Grayson. "Regulation of Surface Free Thiol Levels During CD8+ T Cell Activation, Proliferation and Differentiation (132.7)." Journal of Immunology 184, no. 1_Supplement (2010): 132.7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.184.supp.132.7.

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Abstract (sommario):

Abstract Upon both B and T cell activation the level of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) increases. Prior studies in the literature demonstrated that activated lymphocytes have increased total levels of surface free thiols, potentially as a compensatory mechanism to prevent surface oxidation. In this study, we determined how surface free thiol levels were regulated during the activation, proliferation, and differentiation of naïve CD8+ T cells both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, we found that the levels of surface free thiols increased within 24 hours regardless of the activation stimulus

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39

Wessig, Pablo, Tanja Schulze, Alexandra Pfennig, Steffen M. Weidner, Sascha Prentzel, and Helmut Schlaad. "Thiol–ene polymerization of oligospiroketal rods." Polymer Chemistry 8, no. 44 (2017): 6879–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7py01569k.

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40

Martínez-Blanco, Gilberto Josué, and Jannu Casanova-Moreno. "Characterization of the Reductive Desorption of Self-Assembled Monolayers on Platinum Surfaces." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 45 (2022): 1936. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01451936mtgabs.

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Abstract (sommario):

Thiol-based self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) have been widely characterized on gold surfaces, with the desorption potentials of these SAMs being of special interest for nanotechnology and biological applications. However, the study and determination of desorption potentials of thiol SAMs on platinum surfaces has been limited by the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalyzed by the metal, which dominates response signals when studying the system through conventional electrochemical techniques. Through the coupling of electrochemical techniques with fluorescence microscopy, the problem of the H

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41

Georgescu, Simona Roxana, Cristina Iulia Mitran, Madalina Irina Mitran, et al. "Thiol-Disulfide Homeostasis in Skin Diseases." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 6 (2022): 1507. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11061507.

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Abstract (sommario):

Oxidative stress represents the imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants and has been associated with a wide range of diseases. Thiols are the most important compounds in antioxidant defense. There is an equilibrium between thiols and their oxidized forms, disulfides, known as dynamic thiol-disulfide homeostasis (TDH). In 2014, Erel and Neselioglu developed a novel automated assay to measure thiol and disulfide levels. Subsequently, many researchers have used this simple, inexpensive and fast method for evaluating TDH in various disorders. We have reviewed the literature on the role of TDH

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42

Sen, Chandan K. "Update on Thiol Status and Supplements in Physical Exercise." Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology 26, S1 (2001): S4—S12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h2001-037.

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Abstract (sommario):

Strenuous physical exercise represents a condition that is often associated with increased production of reactive oxygen species in various tissues. One of the most reliable indices of exercise-induced oxidant production is tissue glutathione oxidation. In humans, exerciseinduced blood glutathione oxidation is rapid and subject to control by antioxidant supplementation. The objective of this brief review is to provide an update of our current understanding of cellular thiols and thiol antioxidants. Cellular thiols are critically important in maintaining the cellular antioxidant defense network

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43

Tong, Ka-Chung, Chun-Nam Lok, Pui-Ki Wan, et al. "An anticancer gold(III)-activated porphyrin scaffold that covalently modifies protein cysteine thiols." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 3 (2020): 1321–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1915202117.

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Abstract (sommario):

Cysteine thiols of many cancer-associated proteins are attractive targets of anticancer agents. Herein, we unequivocally demonstrate a distinct thiol-targeting property of gold(III) mesoporphyrin IX dimethyl ester (AuMesoIX) and its anticancer activities. While the binding of cysteine thiols with metal complexes usually occurs via M–S bond formation, AuMesoIX is unique in that the meso-carbon atom of the porphyrin ring is activated by the gold(III) ion to undergo nucleophilic aromatic substitution with thiols. AuMesoIX was shown to modify reactive cysteine residues and inhibit the activities o

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44

Akinloye, D. I., R. N. Ugbaja, A. J. Akamo, et al. "Effects of alcohol-graded concentrations on total thiols and some thiol utilizing enzymes." Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 15, no. 1 (2022): 202–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bajopas.v15i1.29.

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Abstract (sommario):

Excessive intake of alcohol has been documented to initiate different pathological conditions. Although various researchers have reported these associations, the modulatory effects on endogenous thiols are not well studied. This study investigated the effects of alcohol-graded concentrations on some thiol utilizing enzymes in rats. Adults’ male rats were divided into four main groups and treated with distilled water, 30 %, 40 % and 50 % alcohol (3.20 g / Kg body weight). Five rats from each group were sacrificed at the end of 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 day(s) of the experiment. Assay of glutathione

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45

Cesarini, Lucia, Flavia Grignaffini, Anna Alisi, and Anna Pastore. "Alterations in Glutathione Redox Homeostasis in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review." Antioxidants 13, no. 12 (2024): 1461. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox13121461.

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Abstract (sommario):

Low molecular weight (LMW) thiols, particularly glutathione, play pathogenic roles in various multiorgan diseases. The liver is central for the production and systemic distribution of LMW thiols; thus, it is particularly susceptible to the imbalance of redox status that may determine increased oxidative stress and trigger the liver damage observed in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) models and humans. Indeed, increased LMW thiols at the cellular and extracellular levels may be associated with the severity of MASLD. Here, we present a systematic literature review

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46

Jain, Surbhi, Lori W. McGinnes, and Trudy G. Morrison. "Overexpression of Thiol/Disulfide Isomerases Enhances Membrane Fusion Directed by the Newcastle Disease Virus Fusion Protein." Journal of Virology 82, no. 24 (2008): 12039–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01406-08.

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Abstract (sommario):

ABSTRACT Newcastle disease virus (NDV) fusion (F) protein directs membrane fusion, which is required for virus entry and cell-cell fusion. We have previously shown that free thiols are present in cell surface-expressed NDV F protein and that blocking the production of free thiols by thiol-disulfide exchange inhibitors inhibited the membrane fusion mediated by F protein (J Virol. 81:2328-2339, 2007). Extending these observations, we evaluated the role of the overexpression of two disulfide bond isomerases, protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) and ERdj5, in cell-cell fusion mediated by NDV glycopro

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47

Rawat, Mamta, and Julie A. Maupin-Furlow. "Redox and Thiols in Archaea." Antioxidants 9, no. 5 (2020): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9050381.

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Abstract (sommario):

Low molecular weight (LMW) thiols have many functions in bacteria and eukarya, ranging from redox homeostasis to acting as cofactors in numerous reactions, including detoxification of xenobiotic compounds. The LMW thiol, glutathione (GSH), is found in eukaryotes and many species of bacteria. Analogues of GSH include the structurally different LMW thiols: bacillithiol, mycothiol, ergothioneine, and coenzyme A. Many advances have been made in understanding the diverse and multiple functions of GSH and GSH analogues in bacteria but much less is known about distribution and functions of GSH and it

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48

van Eijk, Larissa E., Adriana Tami, Jan-Luuk Hillebrands, et al. "Mild Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Is Marked by Systemic Oxidative Stress: A Pilot Study." Antioxidants 10, no. 12 (2021): 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10122022.

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Abstract (sommario):

Oxidative stress has been implicated to play a critical role in the pathophysiology of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and may therefore be considered as a relevant therapeutic target. Serum free thiols (R-SH, sulfhydryl groups) comprise a robust marker of systemic oxidative stress, since they are readily oxidized by reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, serum free thiol concentrations were measured in hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and healthy controls and their associations with relevant clinical parameters were examined. Serum free thiol concentrations

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49

Sun, Jinyu, Liangwei Zhang, Xiaolong Zhang, Yuesong Hu, Chunpo Ge, and Jianguo Fang. "An ultrafast turn-on thiol probe for protein labeling and bioimaging." Analyst 141, no. 6 (2016): 2009–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5an02347e.

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50

Bourgonje, Arno R., Ruben Y. Gabriëls, Martin H. de Borst, et al. "Serum Free Thiols Are Superior to Fecal Calprotectin in Reflecting Endoscopic Disease Activity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease." Antioxidants 8, no. 9 (2019): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox8090351.

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Abstract (sommario):

Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Serum free thiols (R-SH) reliably reflect systemic oxidative stress, since they are readily oxidized by reactive species. Here, we aimed to establish concentrations of serum free thiols in IBD and assessed their discriminating capacity regarding endoscopic disease activity. Albumin-adjusted serum free thiol concentrations were measured in 78 IBD patients (31 Crohn’s disease (CD) and 47 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients) and 50 healthy controls and analyzed for associations with disease parameters and

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