Libri: "Time and commitment"

1

C, Larson Robert, a cura di. A time for commitment. Grand Rapids, Mich: Zondervan Pub. House, 1987.

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2

Stannack, Peter. Managing people for the first time: Gaining commitment and improving performance. London: Pitman, 1993.

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3

Beum, Frank R. A time for commitment: Case-study reviews of national forest wilderness management. Washington, D.C. (900 17th St., N.W., Washington 20006-2596): Wilderness Society, 1990.

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4

In her own sweet time: Unexpected adventures in finding love, commitment & motherhood. New York: Basic Books, 2008.

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5

NASA Advisory Council. Space and Earth Science Advisory Committee. The crisis in space and earth science: A time for a new commitment. [Washington]: NASA Advisory Council, 1986.

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6

Allen, Christine Joanne. The effects of knowledge, gender and type of senior upon attitudes and personal commitment to share volunteer time with seniors. Sudbury, Ont: Laurentian University, Department of Psychology, 1998.

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7

Office, General Accounting. Foreign assistance: U.S. anticorruption programs in sub-Saharan Africa will require time and commitment : report to the Subcommittee on African Affairs, Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C: U.S. General Accounting Office, 2004.

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8

Barbara, Quick, a cura di. The commitment dialogues: How to talk your way through the tough times and build a stronger relationship. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2005.

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9

Inspiring commitment: How to win employee loyalty in chaotic times. Chicago: Irwin Professional Pub., 1996.

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10

Hua, Yu. The valuation of loan commitments with default risk: A discrete time model. Reading: University of Reading, Departmentof Economics, 1990.

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11

Chapman, Gary D. The five love languages: How to express heartfelt commitment to your mate. Chicago: Northfield Pub, 1992.

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12

Gifra Adroher, Pere, e Jacqueline Hurtley. Hannah Lynch and Spain. Venice: Edizioni Ca' Foscari, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-292-5.

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For the first time the current volume brings together a fully annotated edition of Hannah Lynch’s articles on Spain – many of which are devoted to travel – together with a critical study of her connections with the country. Lynch, a cosmopolitan New Woman, viewed Spain with ambivalence, impatient of its resistance to change yet seduced by its landscapes and peoples. Her writing, revealing of her commitment to women’s emancipation, warrants attention from those wishing to further explore women’s contributions to the cultural and literary relations between Ireland and the Iberian Peninsula.

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13

Chapman, Gary D. The five love languages: How to express heartfelt commitment to your mate. Chicago: Northfield Pub., 1995.

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14

Chapman, Gary D. The five love languages: How to express heartfelt commitment to your mate. Chicago: Northfield Pub., 2004.

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15

Unforgettable men in unforgettable times: Stories of honor, courage, commitment, and faith from World War II. Mukilteo, WA: WinePress Pub., 1998.

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16

Rodrigues da Silva, Renato. The Anglo-Saxon Elite. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463721134.

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In all of the literature on Anglo-Saxon England, rarely has the question of social class been confronted head-on. This study draws upon recent research into topics such as religious practice, emotions, daily life, and intellectual culture to investigate how the aristocracy of Northumbria maintained social dominance over wider society. Moreover, this monograph suggests that the crisis that brought an end to Northumbria as an independent kingdom was the product of the social contradictions produced by the ruling class as social domination developed over time. The analysis is divided into three broad parts – production, circulation, and consumption – both as a nod to Marxist historiography and also to signal a commitment to a methodology that situates the subject within a global context.

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17

Harvey, Steve. Act like a lady, think like a man: What men really think about love, relationships, intimacy, and commitment. New York: Amistad, 2009.

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Harvey, Steve. Act like a lady, think like a man: What men really think about love, relationships, intimacy, and commitment. New York: Amistad, 2009.

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Harvey, Steve. Act like a lady, think like a man: What men really think about love, relationships, intimacy, and commitment. New York: Amistad, 2009.

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20

Press, Liturgical. Time and Talent Commitment. Liturgical Press, 1999.

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21

A Time to Dance (Point). Scholastic Paperbacks, 1985.

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22

Marin, Mara. Connected by Commitment. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190498627.001.0001.

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Connected by Commitment examines our obligations to transform structures of oppression and argues that they should be understood on the model of “commitments.” Commitments are relationships of obligation developed over time through the accumulated effect of open-ended actions and responses. The book examines three spheres of social relations (legal relations, intimate relations of care, and work relations) and argues that in each of them oppressive relations are maintained by processes that make a mutual vulnerability invisible and in so doing are able to place it disproportionately on disadvantaged social groups. The notion of commitment is crucial for understanding how these processes can be undermined and oppressive structures can be transformed because it can explain how the cumulative effects of individual actions are implicated in sustaining oppressive relations. For example, understanding legal relations as commitments makes visible the continuous labor of compliance required by the law from those it governs and, in so doing, makes visible both the unequal burdens the law puts on different social groups and the possibilities of resistance intrinsic to the enforcement function of the law. The notion of commitment highlights the fact that we incur obligations to dismantle unjust social structures in virtue of our participation in them over time, of the cumulative effects of our actions, irrespective of our intentions. Commitment is essential to making sense of our collective obligations to transform oppression, and thus it offers a model of solidarity against multiple forms of oppression.

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23

Managing People for the First Time: Gaining Commitment and Improving Performance. Financial Times Management, 1993.

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24

Fearn, David. Materialities of Political Commitment? Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805823.003.0004.

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Eschewing historicist certainties, this chapter reassesses the political salience of Alcaeus’ lyric poetry by investigating his literary contribution to sympotic culture. Placing Alcaeus’ politically engaged voices within recent theoretical perspectives on deixis, ecphrasis, and the distinctiveness of lyric as a literary mode, the chapter argues that Alcaeus makes a systematic issue of the question of the accessibility of the contexts gestured towards, and in so doing opens up as an alluring prospect the idea of political engagement through literature. The literary and cultural significance of proverbial statements in Alcaeus is also discussed. Alcaeus’ lyric claims are felt across time and space via their special foregrounding of both material culture and political engagement, through performance and reception.

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25

Levillain, Kevin, Simon Parker, Rory Ridley-Duff, Blanche Segrestin, Jeroen Veldman e Hugh Willmott. Protecting Long-term Commitment. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805274.003.0003.

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Growing attention is being paid to the benefits of considering the long-term interests of multiple constituencies in corporate governance. A theory of the corporation where fiduciary duties of directors point to the legal entity and not to its shareholders goes beyond a pure prioritization of shareholders’ interests. However, the notion that board members mediate the interests of all constituencies fails to account for a ‘positive’ conception of corporate purpose and underlying asymmetries in allocations of rights between stakeholders. Addressing corporate governance as a fundamentally ‘open’ model for organizational structuring, we engage with a variety of legal mechanisms that can be used to implement and protect a positive purpose for the modern corporation and to protect the conditions of credible commitment to manage the company for the interest of corporate constituencies, to commit the corporation to a social or environmental purpose and to take into account multiple time-horizons.

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26

The European Union with International Organisations: Commitment, Consistency and Effects across Time. Routledge, 2014.

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27

Marin, Mara. Care, Oppression, and Marriage as Commitment. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190498627.003.0005.

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Chapter 4 argues that the sphere of intimate care, which takes shape around the practice of attending to each other’s needs, makes us vulnerable to each other. Providing care requires “skills of flexibility” because needs make demands at times that cannot be easily foreseen, change over time, and have to be interpreted. Under current social arrangements and understandings of value, the labor involved in exercising these skills is made invisible, and thus a condition of mutual vulnerability is disproportionately placed on caregivers. This creates two social groups, caregivers and care receivers, that stand in an oppressive, unjust social relation. Marriage law reform should be guided by the aim of remedying this form of injustice. Marriage law should be modeled on the notion of commitment, which would acknowledge the structural, social relational, and open-ended nature of the claims of justice made on behalf of caregivers.

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28

Orsini, Amandine. European Union with International Organisations Continuity: Commitment, and Consistency and Effects Across Time. Taylor & Francis Group, 2014.

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29

Marin, Mara. Modeling Commitment for Structural Relations. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190498627.003.0003.

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Chapter 2 extends the concept of commitment from personal to social structural relations and begins the argument that our implication in social structures puts us in relations analogous to those of personal commitments. This analogy has a descriptive and a normative element. Descriptively, this book’s notion of commitment captures the idea that social structures are the accumulated effects of our actions. Normatively, it captures the claim that we owe obligations to each other in virtue of our structural relationships to each other, that is, because our actions, accumulated over time, are responsible for reproducing the structure. It illustrates these claims with the example of a woman who attempts to change the gendered nature of parenting. This view of social structures as commitments is an antidote to the powerlessness we otherwise experience in our relation to unjust structures.

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Alarie, Benjamin, e Andrew J. Green. Commitment and Cooperation on High Courts. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199397594.001.0001.

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Judicial decision-making is ideally impartial. In reality, judges are influenced by many different factors, including institutional context, ideological commitment, fellow justices on a panel, and personal preferences. Empirical literature in this area increasingly analyzes this complex collection of factors in isolation, when a larger sample size of comparative institutional contexts can help assess the impact of the procedures, norms, and rules on key institutional decisions, such as how appeals are decided. This book explains how the answers to the following institutional questions largely determine the influence of political preferences of individual judges and the degree of cooperation among judges at a given point in time. Who decides how judicial appointments are made? How does an appeal reach the court; what processes occur? Who is before the court; how do the characteristics of the litigants and third parties affect judicial decision-making? How does the court decide the appeal; what institutional norms and strategic behaviors do the judges follow in obtaining their preferred outcome? The authors apply these four fundamental institutional questions to empirical work on the supreme courts of the United States, UK, Canada, India, and the High Court of Australia. The ultimate purpose of this book is to promote a deeper understanding of how institutional differences affect judicial decision-making, using empirical studies of supreme courts in countries with similar basic structures but with sufficient differences to enable meaningful comparison.

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31

Barnhurst, Kevin G. The Press Adopted Linear Time. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040184.003.0013.

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This chapter considers the notion of news time. News producers, researchers, and observers agree that American life has become busier, with little time to spare. The time crunch seems to have led reporters and editors to focus on the real present instead of the modern tasks of gathering background, spotting trends, or ferreting out future problems. It is argued that the commitment to modern time made news producers resistant to new kinds of information practices and options for conceiving of time. The emergence of other media has been an important element in how the press became entrenched in its version of modern time. The main alternative to newspapers appeared at midcentury: television, a medium that broadcasts in real time and opens the possibility of a return to the realist present.

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32

Germana, Michael. Time, History, and Becoming in Invisible Man. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190682088.003.0002.

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Chapter 1 locates the origins of Ralph Ellison’s philosophy of temporality in the ideas of Henri Bergson and Friedrich Nietzsche, and reads Ellison’s debut novel Invisible Man in light of these observations. Anticipating the work of Gilles Deleuze, Ellison places Nietzsche’s concept of eternal recurrence into a Bergsonian context by combining Nietzsche’s arguments about history and immanence with Bergson’s claims about time and its fundamental creativity. The resulting philosophy prefigures Deleuze’s ideas about difference and repetition, or, the complex relationship between becoming and being. Because Invisible Man is the text where Ellison first fully articulates these concepts, this chapter treats the novel as a critical overture to Ellison’s corpus and the temporal and historical themes that recur throughout it. In the process, this chapter challenges long-held misconceptions about Ellison, including his debt to existentialism, his dedication to disorder, his commitment to surrealism, and his status as a modernist author.

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Bryans, Bruce. He's Not That Interested, He's Just Passing Time: 40 Unmistakable Behaviors Of Men Who Avoid Commitment And Play Games With Women. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2015.

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34

Wright, Julian. Socialism and the Experience of Time. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199533589.001.0001.

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How do we make social democracy? Should we seize the unknown possibilities offered by the future, or does lasting change really occur when we focus our attention on the immediate present in which we live? These arguments are fundamental to the divisions within left-wing politics in particular. The modernist vision of revolution suggests that the present is precisely the time that needs to be surpassed. But can society change without putting today’s experience of social injustice at the heart of our programme?This book asks how, from the mid-nineteenth to the mid-twentieth centuries, socialists in France tried to follow a democratic commitment to political voices in the present. The debate about time and modernity that emerged in French socialism sat beneath the surface of political arguments within the left. Socialists reflected on how political programmes of change connected with social experience. But how did this focus on the present relate to the tradition of revolution in France? And in particular, what did socialism have to say about the human experience of the present?The book examines French socialism’s fascination with modern history, through a new reading of the multi-authored project to write a ‘socialist history’ of France since 1789, led by Jean Jaurès. Then, in four interlocking biographical essays, it analyses the search for a new timeframe of social transformation, by uncovering the reformist and idealist socialism of the Third Republic, long side-lined in the historical literature. With an intimate and emotional focus on the present-times of Benoit Malon, Georges Renard, Marcel Sembat and Léon Blum, a personal history of socialist thought emerges that allows us to revisit the story of left-wing intellectual life and modern socialism through the ‘human scale’ of time—that of the present.

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Marin, Mara. What Are Commitments? Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190498627.003.0002.

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Chapter 1 develops the notion of commitment by uncovering our descriptive and normative understanding of long-term personal relationships such as close friendships and spousal relations. It argues that these relationships are best understood as relationships of obligations that agents develop over time through the accumulated effect of open-ended actions and responses. In commitments agents incur obligations via their voluntary actions but, in contrast to promises, without knowing in advance the precise content of these obligations. Commitments have five features. First, they are made voluntarily. Second, they are developed through an interaction of open-ended action and response. Third, they are endorsed in the course of this interaction. Fourth, commitments are governed by norms that emerge out of the interaction that created them. Fifth, commitments have open-ended obligations.

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Chakravartty, Anjan. Saving the Scientific Phenomena. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796572.003.0003.

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To a great extent, the recent renaissance in the metaphysics of science has been spurred by an interest in the nature of causal powers (dispositions, capacities, tendencies, etc.). In particular, a number of authors have made realism about powers a cornerstone of their interpretations of scientific knowledge (for example, in developing accounts of scientific realism, inter alia). Against the backdrop of an admiration for the explanatory power of powers in this domain, this paper strikes a cautionary note. Is the existence of irreducible powers a commitment that is entailed by taking scientific practice seriously? I consider two approaches to this question: the first concerning the putative requirement of dispositional properties in the context of scientific explanation; the second concerning the putative requirement of these properties in the context of scientific abstraction. Neither, I contend, entails an ontological commitment to powers. This negative, interim conclusion suggests that inferences to the existence of causal powers in scientific contexts are ultimately independent of the science adduced; rather; they are a function of substantive philosophical commitments regarding time-honored disputes between realists and empiricists more generally, about issues such as how trade-offs between ontological commitment and explanatory capacity are properly made. In the philosophical domain, however, the realist has an advantage. For realism about powers better accords with an arguably scientistic consideration of the identities of scientific properties. Thus, interim conclusion notwithstanding, it would seem that powers can do something important for the philosopher of science after all.

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Azzouni, Jody. Feature-Characterization Languages. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190622558.003.0009.

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The language appropriate to feature metaphysics is described. This language is one that induces no commitments to objects, although it allows an expression of a commitment to the reality of ontological borders. The language resembles, on the surface, weather reports, with apparently pleonastic subject terms. Feature-characterization languages are shown to be as expressively powerful as those that utilize first-order quantification. They differ from first-order languages because the traditional predication relation (which presupposes objects and properties and relations of those objects) is replaced by an “is at” relation that presupposes none of these things. It’s also shown that the presupposition of locations (in space and time) isn’t required either. The language requires, metaphysically, only that features co-occur.

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The Commitment Dialogues: How to Talk Your Way Through the Tough Times and Build a Stronger Relationship. American Media International, 2006.

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Wouters, Jan, Manfred Nowak, Anna-Luise Chané e Nicolas Hachez, a cura di. The European Union and Human Rights. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198814191.001.0001.

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With the Treaty of Lisbon, the profile of human rights issues has greatly risen in relation to European Union (EU) policies, whether internal or external. The EU has made the commitment to ensure that all its actions are compliant with human rights, and to seek to promote them. Yet, the Union’s commitment has come under close scrutiny, not only for its groundbreaking character, but also because recent events have put it to the test. The EU has been faced with a number of crises such as the financial-economic crisis and the imposition of austerity measures, the migration crisis, and terrorist attacks. At the same time, the EU has made significant steps to implement its human rights commitment, such as through the binding character of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights, the adoption of the Strategic Framework and Action Plan on human rights and democracy, and the adoption of human rights country strategies for a large number of third countries. This volume takes stock of these developments. It comprehensively discusses the conceptualisation and operationalisation of the EU’s commitment to human rights throughout its actions, legislative activities, policies, and relationships, and critically assesses them.

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40

Mendes, Anthony. Inspiring Commitment: How to Win Employee Loyalty in Chaotic Times. McGraw-Hill Companies, 1995.

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41

Sullivan, Meghan. Time Biases. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812845.001.0001.

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You are time-biased if you have systematic preferences about when events happen. There are different varieties of time bias. Near-biased agents discount events as they are scheduled further in the future. Future-biased agents discount events because they have already occurred. This book argues that it is irrational to be time-biased. In the process it develops the theory of temporal neutrality for rational planning. The first part (Chapters 1–4) describes two arguments against near bias: one based on well-being and one based on arbitrariness. It also develops a theory of egoistic concern. The second part (Chapters 5–7) argues that structurally similar arguments can be mounted against future bias. In the process it diagnoses issues we have understanding and measuring past discounting. The final part (Chapters 8–11) explains why we are time-biased and shows how the theory of temporal neutrality can help us determine when to stick to our past commitments, how to value an afterlife, and how to discover meaning in life even if we cannot make a permanent difference in the world.

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Ezzerelli, Kaïs. The Publicist and his Newspaper in Syria in the Era of the Young Turk Revolution, between Reformist Commitment and Political Pressures: Muhammad Kurd ‘Ali and al-Muqtabas (1908–17). Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474430616.003.0007.

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This chapter examines the career of Muhammad Kurd ‘Ali (1876–1953) and his daily newspaper al-Muqtabas, founded in Damascus in December 1908 following the Young Turk Revolution. Close to the Syrian reformists, who comprised his readers and editorial team, Kurd ‘Ali contrived to make al-Muqtabas one of the most widely read and influential Arabic dailies in the region. During World War I Kurd ‘Ali and his newspaper faced the dilemma: either to be condemned by or to participate in Ottoman propaganda. Based on a close reading of al-Muqtabas, public archives and contemporary testimonies related to this family enterprise, this chapter focuses on the relationships between Kurd ‘Ali and his newspaper, his readers and collaborators, as well as his ties with the political powers of that time.

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Forster, Michael N. Philosophy of History. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199588367.003.0009.

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Herder makes a number of vitally important contributions to the philosophy of history. His well-known teleological conception of history as a realization of humanity and reason was influential but is probably untenable. A more intrinsically important contribution is a deep commitment to historicization, or the radical transformation of phenomena over time, including historicism, or the deep mutability of human mental life over the course of history. Others are a closely related commitment to reorienting historiography away from explanation towards understanding; a “genetic” or “genealogical” method for explaining psychological phenomena in light of their emergence out of earlier origins and transformations thereof; a conception of historical Bildung; and a recognition that historicism leads to, or exacerbates, skeptical problems, together with a promising strategy for coping with such problems in the domain of value. Herder’s influence in this whole area on thinkers such as Hegel, Nietzsche, and Dilthey was enormous.

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Smith, Matthew Wilson. The Prison House of Nerves. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190644086.003.0007.

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Zola’s 1873 stage adaptation of his novel Thérèse Raquin is generally considered the first Naturalist drama, which inspired the most famous Naturalist play, Strindberg’s Miss Julie. This chapter examines these plays in the context of the neurophysiological theories behind Zola and Strindberg’s conceptions of Naturalism. It argues that Zola’s Naturalism, like that of his scientific mentor Claude Bernard, attempts to balance a commitment to neurophysiological determinism with a commitment to independent scientific observation, producing an uneasy fault line in Thérèse Raquin. The chapter further depicts Miss Julie as an earthquake in the rift of Zola’s earlier Naturalism. Strindberg’s artistic innovations are partly grounded in the author’s refusal to reconcile the most disruptive neurological findings of his time with more acceptable ideas of objectivity, independence, and agency. Fully appreciating Strindberg’s artistic contribution requires understanding his intellectual debt to the neuropsychological researchers of his day, above all Charcot and Bernheim.

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Cohen, Dov, Ivan Hernandez, Karl Gruschow, Andrzej Nowak, Michele J. Gelfand e Wojciech Borkowski. Rationally Irrational? Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190492908.003.0004.

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A commitment to honor is a commitment to irrationality—at least in the short-run—because it involves defending one’s honor, regardless of stakes or cost. Yet, circumstances giving rise to honor cultures—lawless environments, portable (easy-to-steal) wealth—create milieus where people must appear tough to deter predators. Thus, what seems irrational in the short-run may be rational in the long-run. This chapter describes three agent-based models exploring when an honor stance is advantageous and examining population dynamics of strategies in the environment. Models track empirical observations well. Further, models highlight: how prosocial reciprocity (not just vengeance) is crucial for honor to thrive; how positive and negative reciprocity become correlated over time in honor cultures; the rise of a strategy opposite to honor and how honor and its opposite exist symbiotically; how evolution cannot be outsmarted but can be “outdumbed”; cycling of strategies’ popularity; and Child × Environment interactions producing drift.

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Germana, Michael. A Deep Pocket for the Truth of the Times. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190682088.003.0006.

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Chapter 5 treats Ellison’s music criticism as an expression of his commitment to durational time and a critique of cultural forms like bebop that, in Ellison’s estimation, lend form to a discontinuous present. Rather than suggest, as many critics have, that Ellison was simply nostalgic for danceable swing music or hostile toward emerging musical forms, this chapter shows that Ellison’s primary criticism of bebop is that it formalizes a discontinuous sense of time and thereby affirms an historical view of the past structured by an analogous, sequentially static sense of time. Ellison’s problem with bebop, in other words, is neither musicological nor sociological, but temporal. Folk jazz and the blues, by contrast, affirm a durational view of time in the form of a “pocket” or groove entirely unlike the spatialized groove of history described in Invisible Man. In short, Ellison finds in musical grooves antidotes to the groove of history.

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Orleck, Annelise. Emotion Strained through a Thinking Mind: Fannia Cohn, the ilgwu, and the Struggle for Workers’ Education, 1915–1945. University of North Carolina Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469635910.003.0005.

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From the moment that garment workers began reading to each other on the garment shop floor to make up for their inability to attend school, the drive for education was a central thrust of industrial feminists in the labor movement. Fannia Cohn, long-time activist in the ILGWU Education Department was a visionary in that struggle. This chapter traces her commitment to educate workers and her isolation by male leaders of the ILGWU. Also it examines cross-class collaborations such as the Bryn Mawr School for Women Workers.

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Yoon, Albert. Federal Judicial Tenure. A cura di Lee Epstein e Stefanie A. Lindquist. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199579891.013.10.

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When an Article III federal judge concludes their active service on the bench, she effectively abdicates her seat and enables the president and Senate to choose her successor. Some judicial scholars argue that political factors motivate this decision. More recent scholarship, however, provide strong evidence that judicial pensions largely explain how long a judge maintains active status. By comparison, political and institutional factors do not have a meaningful effect. At the same time, judges, when ending active status, remain on the bench as senior judges notwithstanding the small financial incentives to chose it over full retirement. Taken together, judges’ behave rationally, while at the same time exhibiting strong institutional commitment to the federal bench.

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Zehfuss, Maja. War and the Politics of Ethics. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198807995.001.0001.

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Contemporary Western war is represented as enacting the West’s ability and responsibility to help make the world a better place for others, in particular to protect them from oppression and serious human rights abuses. That is, war has become permissible again, indeed even required, as ethical war. At the same time, however, Western war kills and destroys. This creates a paradox: Western war risks killing those it proposes to protect. This book examines how we have responded to this dilemma and challenges the vision of ethical war itself. That is, it explores how the commitment to ethics shapes the practice of war and indeed how practices come, in turn, to shape what is considered ethical in war. The book closely examines particular practices of warfare, such as targeting, the use of cultural knowledge, and ethics training for soldiers. What emerges is that instead of constraining violence, the commitment to ethics enables and enhances it. The book argues that the production of ethical war relies on an impossible but obscured separation between ethics and politics, that is, a problematic politics of ethics, and reflects on the need to make decisions at the limit of ethics.

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Locke, Edwin A., e Gary P. Latham. Theory Development by Induction. A cura di Michael A. Hitt, Susan E. Jackson, Salvador Carmona, Leonard Bierman, Christina E. Shalley e Douglas Michael Wright. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190650230.013.002.

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This monograph summarizes goal-setting theory as originally developed in 1990; it then updates the theory based on research findings subsequent to that time period. These new findings include the economic value of goal setting, the use of stretch goals, new analyses of commitment, goal determinants, multiple goals, learning goals, long-term goal effects, and team goals. We also summarize studies involving the application of goal setting to field such as creativity, negotiation, sports, health, aging, entrepreneurship, psychotherapy, education, self-development, and subconscious motivation. We point out potential problems and pitfalls in the use of goal setting and how to avoid them.

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