Tesi sul tema "Travaux à proximité des réseaux"
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Bernardin, Hélène. "La responsabilité des constructeurs de voirie et réseaux divers (état des lieux et perspectives)". Thesis, Nancy 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NAN20019/document.
Testo completoUnavailable
Shetty, Reena. "Enrichissement de réseaux sémantiques par la proximité de concepts". Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005840.
Testo completoStehlé, Juliette. "Réseaux de proximité humaine : analyse, modélisation et processus dynamiques". Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille Université, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00777540.
Testo completoStehle, Juliette. "Réseaux de proximité humaine : Analyse, modélisation, et processus dynamiques". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4086.
Testo completoModern technologies allow to access to more and more detailed information on human interactions. In this context, the SocioPatterns collaboration has allowed to develop an infrastructure based on radio-identification devices, that records human proximity patterns at a fine grained resolution, among voluntary individuals. This infrastructure has been deployed in diverse contexts, such as scientific conferences, a museum, a primary school, or a hospital department. The mere analysis of these data represents a high stake for the study of human dynamics and raises fundamental issues such as the need of adequate tools and analysis techniques. This thesis presents the statistical characterization of physical proximity dynamics, put into relation with the context and other available metadata such as the age, the gender of participants or the structure of their virtual social networks. Although contact patterns considerably differ amongst the various contexts, the empirical distributions of interaction durations and of inter-contact times are very similar. An agent-based model, presented in this thesis, suggests simple microscopic interaction rules able to produce the complex macrostructure of interaction durations. In the last place, the characterization of contact dynamics constitutes a determining step for understanding spreading mechanisms of diseases such as the influenza. The human proximity data have allowed to analyze the level of information needed on contact dynamics for the elaboration of epidemiological models of contagion. Such models allow to better estimate the impact of public health strategies, e.g. the closure of school classes and targeted vaccinations
Achelhi, Hicham. "Le pilotage du processus d'émergence d'un réseau coopératif : analyse des réseaux de proximité géographique". Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPL031N/document.
Testo completoDue to the changes on the competing environment and its dynamics, new organization ways have been developed to face these new challenges. These practices suggest other kinds of management based on joint work within the framework of companies’ networks or cooperation between establishments. This thesis treats the study of inter-organizational cooperation under the angle of a process between various factors. The aim of this research is to build a theoretical framework of cooperation apprehension and to provide a systemic vision on the process of cooperation emergence. One of the large research fields that are continuously present during inter-establishments cooperation is innovation. For this reason, the last part of this work proposes the first of a set of steps needed to develop inter-platforms cooperation during the upstream phase of innovation. This project associates territories, universities and companies
Gagné-Delorme, Audrey. "Réseaux sociaux chez le mouflon d'Amérique (Ovis canadensis)". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6036.
Testo completoMichon, Laurent. "Contribution à l'étude structurale de bitumes routiers. Analyses spectroscopiques et étude par les réseaux de neurones". Dijon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996DIJOS051.
Testo completoSeguin-Burguion, Céline. "Réseaux de santé et de proximité : une nouvelle médecine de terrain ; étude de l'expérience alésienne". Montpellier 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON11144.
Testo completoViratelle, Didier. "Contribution à l'étude des antennes imprimées alimentées par proximité : application aux réseaux alimentés par couplage dans une structure coplanaire". Limoges, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIMO0044.
Testo completoBoisier, Guy. "Apprentissage inter-organisationnel, proximité et territoire : le cas du cluster chilien du saumon". Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010068.
Testo completoPasqua, Roberto. "Inférence et modèles de données personnelles : mobilité sociale, proximité spatiale". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30195/document.
Testo completoThe wide diffusion of smart portable devices allows the collection of a big amount of data concerning the activities of users from mobile apps. We focus our attention on location data, i.e. mobility traces, of a set of users in a crowd. Data collected from these mobile systems are studied following two axies: - Mobility models are used to simulate the behavior of users to develop opportunistic forwarding algorithms. We compare real and synthetic mobility traces to show the distance between the reality and the models. - Information on mobility may endanger the privacy of users. We analyze the impact of such information on privacy of users. The main contributions are: - We analyze the spatial and social properties of human motion from real traces collected by a highly accurate experimental localization system. - We compare the real traces with synthetic mobility traces generated from seven popular mobility models - We provide an inference algorithm based on co-location of users and we show its efficiency on different datasets. - We quantify the effect of probabilistic co-location information by means of a novel co-location attack
Troël, Arnaud. "Prise en compte de la mobilité dans les interactions de proximité entre terminaux à profils hétérogènes". Rennes 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN10012.
Testo completoCriqui, Laure. "Attention ! Travaux en cours : l’extension des réseaux de services essentiels dans les quartiers irréguliers de Delhi et Lima". Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST1192/document.
Testo completoThe extension of electricity, water and sanitation networks in developing cities seems to be a priori complicated by the lack or the deficiencies of urban planning. The modalities of infrastructure deployment into the irregular settlements of Delhi and Lima are here analysed as sociotechnical mechanisms, indicative of the dynamics of the urban fabric. Indeed, on a daily basis, utility firms do install pipes and poles in unplanned settlements. Some technical, social and institutional innovations make the extension of networks possible; the lack of urban planning is therefore not an obstacle to service extension. Nonetheless, this process is not optimal: the conduct of public works is disordered, unpredictability hampers the elaboration of strategies and political injunctions can be contradictory. Such coordination deficits generate uncertainties which are more difficult to overcome for utility firms. There are nevertheless some promising leads for intervention in unplanned settlements: alternative devices for servicing exist that can be promoted; some informal plans and data satisfy the needs for knowledge on the city and would be well worth valuing; and the design and the preservation of the road layout appear to be decisive to allow a coherent, progressive and sustainable urban consolidation process. The analysis of network extension helps to identify key instruments for public action in developing cities, and thus offers new perspectives for urban planning to develop the existing city as well as to strategically prepare for the urbanisation yet to come
Zoo-Eyindanga, René. "Le niveau d'équipement en voies et réseaux divers à Yaoundé (Cameroun)". Bordeaux 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR30037.
Testo completoTowns administration and management policies in african states like in other underdevelopped countries are confronted to a great number of problems amongm which urban equipment seems to be the greatest. It is easier to observe it dysfunctionment mechanisms as well as their consequences throughout the analysis of the quality of equipments in yaounde (commission of public street and highways, water supplies, sanitation, electricity, telephone). With a growing population and superficy, cameroon's capital do not possess enough urban equipments. Those which are found are dysfunctional. Their importance, their quality as well as their unequal distribution in the town have engendered both a well equiped "modern town" and underequiped "popular" livehoods. Therefore yaounde's urban system has been unable to coordinate and to structure its differents compounds. This can be explained by physical environment, non adapted urban equiplents, low financial capabilities, history and economy. To solve this problem one should take in account the process which one engendered it. But in a difficult political and economical context, this seem as much as a dream
Renault, Sophie. "L'ancrage des fournisseurs sur les sites de production des constructeurs automobiles : gestion de la proximité". Caen, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CAEN0597.
Testo completoZafiropoulou, Maria. "Les réseaux de santé, gouvernance et potentiel d'innovation : études de cas des réseaux gérontologiques grecs, suisses et français". Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL12022/document.
Testo completoThe objective of this research is to contribute to the analysis of health care networks, and particularly of gerontology networks as promising organizational arrangements. This research tries to answer the following question: How can the logics of action and gerontology strategies of deciders meet the needs of (global) public policies and local needs (local) in order to foster social innovation and serve users ? Gerontology network is considered not as a toolbox, but as a living body, and just like every human body, these networks are characterized by their morphological (anatomical) and physiological features (Part I), and by their behavior (Part II). We have chosen to accompany the text of caricatured illustrations associated with some verbatim from interviewed stakeholders. Thus, the network is as a person, a puppet of the government, a robot - reflecting creativity and originality - or even a clone - symbolizing an ideal organizational type. In the same perspective, the innovative logics of action would be those that meet the "biorhythm" of network in order not to degrade its effectiveness and those adopting appropriate strategies to its spatiotemporal environment. Willing to analyze some innovative cases of gerontology networks in France, Switzerland and Greece (Part III) we have created a model based on the articulation of regulation and proximity. Health networks are positioned on this model, and criteria such as their organizational capacity of interference and arrangement in time, their position in the life cycle, their choice of proximity and control allow them to be more innovative
Roy, Olivier. "Les recompositions identitaires dans le monde musulman : texte d'introduction pour le doctorat sur travaux". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996IEPP0003.
Testo completoWe start from two basic concepts: the Acabiyya or solidarity group, and the Ummah or the community of the believers. Both bypass the State as an institution, even if the state is a given fact. These two identity levels are not a legacy from the tradition but are recast through inter-relations with modern history and institutions. The Acabiyya are geared up on an external system (State, international networks, emigration, wars etc. ), which entails an internal transformation and changes its way of reproduction. The concept of Ummah is not politically relevant, but allows an identity reformulation of an acculturated population, on the basis of a "code" and not of a culture. It is because religion works as a code and not as culture that it could be the identity marker for the communautarisation of an uprooted population
Diane, Ibrahima. "Optimisation de la consommation d'énergie par la prise en compte de la redondance de mesure dans les réseaux de capteurs". Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/3087/.
Testo completoWireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are used today in many applications that differ in their own objectives and specific constraints. The application areas for wireless sensor networks are various: home automations, health care services, military domain, and environment monitoring. However the common challenge in designing WSN applications comes from the specific constraints of sensors because of their limited physical resources such as weak computational capability, small memory capacity and especially limited battery lifetime. This thesis aims to develop techniques to improve the energy efficiency of dense wireless sensor networks. Two new techniques are proposed. The first approach developed in this thesis concerns the energy conservation based on measurement redundancy. The proposed MR-LEACH (Measurement Redundancy aware LEACH) protocol address the main issue resulting from the absence of a energy efficient management within the large hierarchical wireless Sensor networks. MR-LEACH is an extension to the well-known LEACH protocol to improve energy consumption in cluster-based WSNs. In addition to cluster formation according to LEACH protocol, the nodes are grouped taking into account their redundancy and only a single node transmits data in each redundant group. This method have the advantages of presenting a low energy consumption, increasing the network lifetime and decreasing the end-to-end delay. OER (Optimization of Energy based on Redundancy) protocol is the second contribution of this thesis. There are two main objectives. Firstly, we propose a partitioning method for sensor networks based on sensing models. Sensing models estimate the manner in which a node is able to detect the phenomena. Secondly, we propose a search algorithm for finding an optimal partitioning. We focused on the variation of an objective function. OER determines whether a partitioning obtained is best to minimize the objective function. Thereafter, the impact of optimal solution search on network lifetime has been investigated
Maisonnasse, Julien. "Construire la coopération au sein des réseaux territoriaux d'organisations : une analyse à partir de l'économie de la proximité et de la sociologie de la traduction". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM2008/document.
Testo completoOur research focuses on cooperation within territorial networks. We wish, in particular, to characterize the cooperation process which is reached between the members of a social network born from the incentive of authorities. To achieve that, we use a qualitative methodology by carrying out a case study at the Pôle Tourisme de Territoire-Carac'Terres, and at the Pôle Services à la Personne, which were both created to be labelled "Regional Pole for Innovation and Economic Development based on Solidarity" (PRIDES) by the Regional Council PACA. We use a theoretical frame combining Proximity Science and Actor-Network Theory, in order to analyse these networks. Two levels of results are proposed. The first one is to characterize the development process of cooperation by identifying the predisposing and hampering factors, and by bringing to light the fact that cooperation is the result of the weaving together of four dimensions - the actors, the management tools, the areas, and the meaning - through a translator. The second level lies in the implement of a hybrid theoretical frame, which allows to grasp the dynamics of proximities through a translating process
You, Yi Zhi. "Sam : un serveur d'archivage de messages". Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 1989. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00811408.
Testo completoMeurier, Marie. "Les capacités dynamiques et leurs facteurs d'influence dans des contextes réticulaires : une étude exploratoire dans des réseaux territorialisés de la région PACA". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM2021.
Testo completoThe dynamic capability of an organization is its ability to constantly change and develop its resources, skills and processes to meet the needs of, and act upon its changing environment. However, the link between dynamic capabilities (DC) and inter-organizational relationships is rarely developed in the literature. Therefore, our dissertation deals with whether the network environment, through its structural and contextual characteristics, is suitable for the deployment and the development of DC. We question the processes that enable the deployment, detection and the creation of DC to understand whether DCs operate individually or in combination, and try to understand which DCs operate. Also, we question the inter-organizational nature of dynamic capabilities in territorial networks. Can DC be built or emerge from interactions in these networks? To answer these questions, we chose to conduct in-depth interviews in different territorial networks in the PACA region in France. Results of this empirical study show the need to take into account collective actions initiated by these networks of organizations, underline the role of proximity (broadly defined) as a means to deploy dynamic capabilities, and indicate the emergence of "network dynamic capabilities". Research results allow us to confirm the role of structural and contextual characteristics of territorial networks on the deployment and the creation of these capabilities and allow us to identify them in these contexts
Bouabid, Mohamed El-Amine. "De la Conception à l'Exploitation des Travaux Pratiques en Ligne : Application d'une Approche Générique à l'Enseignement de l'Informatique". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00814465.
Testo completoGautschi, Heidi. "Plus ça change plus c'est la même chose ? Une relecture du télégraphe en France et aux États-Unis à l'ère des réseaux numériques : contribution aux travaux sur l'interaction entre technique et société". Thesis, Paris 10, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA100157.
Testo completoWe assume that current telecommunication systems perform better than those of centuries past. That said, an in-depth understanding of prior communication technologies, such as the telegraph, allows for a better understanding of the specificities of adoption and use of modern communication technologies, as well as their presence in popular culture. By revisiting this history, within the context of current reflection, it becomes possible to better grasp the evolution of modern telecommunications.This comparative study of the drafting of a telegraph project and the creation of a telegraph imaginary in France and the United States has a dual goal: to show the extent to which the arrival of the telegraph modified the communicational landscape on both a physical and symbolic level; to identify the invariants in French and American networks. In this way, the telegraph’s role in the evolution of our communication tools, as well as the complexity of our relationship with them is highlighted. I have used different approaches in order to conduct this analysis. First, I look at the negotiations between telegraph promoters and policy makers. Secondly, I look at the development of a telegraph imaginary and social uses. The introduction of the telegraph brought about a fundamental change: the transformation of information into a good. This had a lasting impact on world markets, mentalities and the symbolic meaning attached to communication networks. The arrival of the telegraph also led to a fundamental cognitive shift. The mental representation of the physical world was modified. The telegraph, therefore, changed people’s perceptions of their communicational reality
Toukabri, Thouraya. "CVS : a framework architecture for D2D-based cellular vehicular services in 4G networks and beyond". Thesis, Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TELE0004/document.
Testo completoThe traffic explosion in today’s mobile networks is one of the major concerns of mobile operators. This explosion is mostly widening the gap between networks’ capacities and users’ growing needs in terms of bandwidth and QoS (Quality of Service), which directly impacts operators’ business profitability. In this context, Device-to-Device (D2D) communications offer mobile operators business and technical opportunities by allowing the network traffic offload with D2D direct communications between mobile devices. The recent standardization of D2D-based services as Proximity Services (ProSe) by the 3GPP provides already a set of enhancements to the current LTE/4G architecture to support these services. However, still in its infancy, the proposed solutions are envisioned for short-term market deployments and for a limited set of service categories (i.e public safety services). As a first contribution of this thesis, the proposed Distributed ProSe Architecture enhances the current ProSe architecture for a longer term deployment perspective of D2D-based services. On the basis of this enhanced architecture, vehicular communications and related services are further investigated as a specific implementation of ProSe as well as a new market opportunity for mobile operators. The CVS (Cellular Vehicular Services) solution is then introduced as an architecture framework that enables the integration of vehicular networks into mobile operators’ network infrastructure. A mobile network clustering algorithm and D2D relay-based communication mechanisms are used in the solution design in order to optimize the use of both core and radio network resources. Performance evaluation through analytical modeling and simulations are also carried out to validate the proposed contributions
Rude, Julien. "Développement d'un modèle statistique neuronal pour la description fine de la pollution atmosphérique par le dioxyde d'azote : application à la région parisienne". Thesis, Paris Est, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PEST0005.
Testo completoRésumé anglais manquant
Genet, Cyriaque. "La force de Casimir entre deux miroirs métalliques à température non nulle". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00001749.
Testo completoFournie, Sandrine. "Construction sociotechnique et relationnelle d'une gouvernance alimentaire territoriale". Thesis, Paris, Institut agronomique, vétérinaire et forestier de France, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IAVF0014/document.
Testo completoLocal Agri-Food System (SYAL) represents a particular form of organization of production andconsumption. SYAL differs from agro-industrial system as it encompass the singular web ofrelationship which unit people, the qualification of products and territory through the valuationof specific resources and the types of coordination that are geographically and socially situated.An increasing number of initiatives try to implement them, through short food circuits,proximity supply chains or local food projects.Our work proposes an empirical journey and a sociological theorizing of the mechanismsthrough which a particular local agri-food system has been enhanced. We mobilize theframeworks of Actor-Network-Theory (ANT) on one hand and by the Social Network Analysis(SNA) on the other hand. We took the opportunity of an in depth study of an agriculturalcooperative named “Fermes of Figeac” to decipher processes of structuration of associationbetween farming practices, food provisioning, territorial human agency and valuation'sprocesses of the specific resources. Those associations are materialized in socio-technicalnetworks, which supported territorialized food supply chain. Inspired by the foundationalmodel of agricultural cooperation, the managerial core set of the organization has experimentedan approach of food provision governance in order to transform individual strategies in cooperativestrategies with the aim to answer sustainable challenge at the local level.Analyses based on ANT and SNA methodology assess translation's, transformation's andmediation's processes that intervene within organizations and on their borders. Going beyond afunctional analysis, we also analyze the collective construction and the coordination of humanagency and objects, at both individual and collective levels. We particularly shed light on therole of intermediation positions in strategic articulations and of the capacities of adaptation andinnovation. We also report the diversity and the variability of the relational forms that sustaindynamics of change.Released in an action-research approach, our work intends to articulate theoretical andempirical production. From an operational point of view, we draw attention to mediations(animations, documents, exchanges…) in the collective and co-operative processes and to theunpredictability of dynamics of change. This leads to take into account secondary networks andto identify intermediaries (beyond the formal core set of managers) in the analysis of territorialfood governance
Messaoudi, Djamel. "Le fonctionnement du marché de l'aide à domicile en situation d'incertitude sur la qualité. Approche théorique et empirique.Le cas des services de l'aide aux personnes âgées". Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00411980.
Testo completoRouvellat, Célia. "Territoires : réalités et représentations en France". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB189/document.
Testo completoThe semantic inflammation regarding the notion of territory that exists nowadays in France will not escape from the most careful observers. Politics set this notion up as an inescapable concept that cannot be overlooked. The question of territory is the subject of many scientific disciplines, debates as well as controversies. The actuality of this notion, announced dead, on the return, exhausted or out-dated, is such complex, that one can almost lose its meaning. Yet the question of meaning, which is often dismissed by those who are interested in the territory phenomenon, is absolutely central. Consequently, the notion of territory being (over) used in common debates raises many questions such as who speaks of territory and why? What realities do we mean when we talk about territory in France today? Is it necessary to get rid of concepts applied on many fronts and designating all or nothing? This research purpose is not to delete or to exalt the notion of territory. The aim is to find a way of reconceptualization of this notion. This approach seems to be the most reasonable to follow in France that currently does not have any interest in doing without the concept of territory. This research focus is on the main dimensions from which territory is commonly defined, namely a political dimension that defines a space appropriated by the political power managing, organising or cutting the territory out, a social dimension removed as a place of solidarity or equality by politics, and the dimension of identity regarding a space becoming territory as individuals and groups belonging to this territory appropriate it. Those three major concepts of territory have to be rethought in the context of changes such as mobility, networking or functioning according to the network model and interdependency, that our society is facing since the mid-1970s. As those transformations have often been perceived in France as contrary to the territory notion, this research aim is to study the territory from the opposite point of view. So it is necessary to start from these various mutations' analyses in order to rethink the current notion of territory. The concept of territory has appeared at any one time to translate certain reality, however this notion shouldn't be considered as obsolete once this reality has changed. Its reconceptualization can be done and this is the main purpose of this research
Tran-Dang, Hoa. "3D Spatial Modeling of Stacked Containers based on Wireless Sensor Network : application to the physical internet". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0049/document.
Testo completoThe Physical Internet paradigm was introduced few years ago to transform globally how physical objects will be handled, stored and transported as part of a sustainable logistics. One of the important characteristics of the Physical Internet is the encapsulation of goods in standardized modular containers. Although the Physical Internet rationalizes transport, it generates more frequent handling, particularly within PI-hubs, where the operations of routing, unloading and (re) loading containers require an efficient organization and management. The multiplicity and the diversity of operations (automated or not) to be implemented simultaneously can only be carried out efficiently in the case of perfect synchronization between the reality of the physical system and that of the information system. The proposals of this thesis address this problem and constitute a contribution to the concept of the Physical Internet. They aim to obtain in real time, the spatial distribution (or layout) of the PI-containers when they are stacked in a higher-level container, so called composite container. To do this, we propose to exploit the intelligence and the activeness concepts of each PI container which is equipped with wireless sensor node. Hence, the composition of a composite PI containers constitutes an adhoc network of sensor nodes. From neighborhood relationships between these nodes, we show in this thesis that it is possible to construct the spatial 3D layout of the PI-containers and control at any time and at any place the effective compliance between the real composition and the data stored in the information system
Mehamel, Sarra. "New intelligent caching and mobility strategies for MEC /ICN based architectures". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, CNAM, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020CNAM1284.
Testo completoMobile edge computing (MEC) concept proposes to bring the computing and storage resources in close proximity to the end user by placing these resources at the network edge. The motivation is to alleviate the mobile core and to reduce latency for mobile users due to their close proximity to the edge. MEC servers are candidates to host mobile applications and serve web contents. Edge caching is one of the most emerging technologies recognized as a content retrieval solution in the edge of the network. It has been also considered as enabling technology of mobile edge computing that presents an interesting opportunity to perform caching services. Particularly, the MEC servers are implemented directly at the base stations which enable edge caching and ensure deployment in close-proximity to the mobile users. However, the integration of servers in mobile edge computing environment (base stations) complicates the energy saving issue because the power consumed by mobile edge computing servers is costly especially when the load changes dynamically over time. Furthermore, users with mobile devices arise their demands, introducing the challenge of handling such mobile content requests beside the limited caching size. Thus, it is necessary and crucial for caching mechanisms to consider context-aware factors, meanwhile most existing studies focus on cache allocation, content popularity and cache design. In this thesis, we present a novel energy-efficient fuzzy caching strategy for edge devices that takes into consideration four influencing features of mobile environment, while introducing a hardware implementation using Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) to cut the overall energy requirements. Performing an adequate caching strategy on MEC servers opens the possibility of employing artificial intelligence (AI) techniques and machine learning at mobile network edges. Exploiting users context information intelligently makes it possible to design an intelligent context-aware mobile edge caching. Context awareness enables the cache to be aware of its environment, while intelligence enables each cache to make the right decisions of selecting appropriate contents to be cached so that to maximize the caching performance. Inspired by the success of reinforcement learning (RL) that uses agents to deal with decision making problems, we extended our fuzzy-caching system into a modified reinforcement learning model. The proposed framework aims to maximize the cache hit rate and requires a multi awareness. The modified RL differs from other RL algorithms in the learning rate that uses the method of stochastic gradient decent beside taking advantage of learning using the optimal caching decision obtained from fuzzy rules
Polge, Etienne. "Développement et gouvernance des territoires ruraux : une analyse des dynamiques d’interactions dans deux dispositifs institutionnels en Amazonie brésilienne". Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AGPT0051/document.
Testo completoThis thesis proposes a renewed analytic framework of the governance of rural territories, implemented within institutional arrangements. In a globalized world, where focus on growth processes leads to fast and frequently poorly controlled mutations, territorial development plays a fundamental role. Mobilizing actors and developing local resources supports the differentiation of territories and contributes to the sustainability of actions. Public policies can support this approach by proposing institutional arrangements such as the “Territorial Development Collegiate Body” set up by the Brazilian government's “Territories of citizenship” program. Nevertheless, the low demographic density of many rural territories, the existence of societal projects strongly differentiated and the limited competences on governance constitute many other obstacles. This work aims to enrich the reflection, starting from investigations carried out in two contrasted territories in the State of Pará, located in Brazilian Amazon : Baixo Amazonas and Nordeste Paraense. Surveys on territorial dynamics and interaction dynamics were carried out with actors participating within collegiate bodies and with those at the level of “Local Productive Arrangements”. Zoning based on stakeholders' mental representations highlighted the determining influence of entrepreneurial dynamics, normative frameworks, urbanization and infrastructures on the evolution of the territories. It seems that initiatives of local actors and public institutions are insufficiently coordinated to support rural development. Social networks and proximity analysis carried out starting from ethnographic and sociometric interviews show that institutional arrangements facilitate collaborations between actors who are geographically distant or initially not very inclined to communicate, while limiting closure on logics of similarity or local logics. This reveals that a constant assistance must be brought particularly to the members of the arrangements who are embedded in networks at various levels so that they adopt a posture of mediators of the territorial governance and acquire the necessary know-how
Ben, Mosbah Aziza. "Context-aware mechanisms for device discovery optimization". Thesis, Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TELE0018/document.
Testo completoResearch in communication networks aims to improve the capabilities and performance of network technologies, and to satisfy the ever increasing demand for instant information access and exchange. For example, work on Fifth Generation (5G) Wireless Systems aims to increase data rates and spectral efficiency while lowering latency and energy consumption. Within this context, proximity-based networking is being considered in order to improve the data sharing between nearby devices, regardless of the availability of additional infrastructure. An integral component of these solutions is the ability to quickly detect (or discover) other systems in the vicinity. While system and service discovery has been a concept used in networks for some time, its adoption by wireless networks has increased the importance and relevance of this type of mechanisms. Therefore, the goal of this thesis is to optimize the performance of the discovery process by using context-aware mechanisms. First, we start by an introductory description of the challenges faced by network users and how current solutions (i.e. Long Term Evolution (LTE)) are unable to cover their needs. Second, we present the architecture we will use to evaluate our proposals, namely the device-to-device (D2D) architecture defined by the Third-Generation Partnership Program (3GPP) for use in LTE networks, with an emphasis on the description of the discovery process as defined in the standard specifications. Then, we present an analytical study, along with an implementation model to test and validate the performance of direct discovery. Building upon that analysis, we propose an adaptive transmission algorithm that optimizes the discovery process for static topologies. This contribution is used as the foundation for extended and enhanced algorithms targeting scenarios where the availability of historic data allows for predicting user density fluctuations, and fully dynamic situations without external infrastructure or support, showing how context-aware mechanisms can provide almost optimal performance. All these contributions and analysis are supported and validated by simulation models and experiments that showcase the importance and correctness of our proposals in the optimization of the performance and reliability in D2D direct discovery
Liu, Ji. "Gestion multisite de workflows scientifiques dans le cloud". Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT260/document.
Testo completoLarge-scale in silico scientific experiments generally contain multiple computational activities to process big data. Scientific Workflows (SWfs) enable scientists to model the data processing activities. Since SWfs deal with large amounts of data, data-intensive SWfs is an important issue. In a data-intensive SWf, the activities are related by data or control dependencies and one activity may consist of multiple tasks to process different parts of experimental data. In order to automatically execute data-intensive SWfs, Scientific Work- flow Management Systems (SWfMSs) can be used to exploit High Performance Computing (HPC) environments provided by a cluster, grid or cloud. In addition, SWfMSs generate provenance data for tracing the execution of SWfs.Since a cloud offers stable services, diverse resources, virtually infinite computing and storage capacity, it becomes an interesting infrastructure for SWf execution. Clouds basically provide three types of services, i.e. Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS), Platform- as-a-Service (PaaS) and Software-as-a-Service (SaaS). SWfMSs can be deployed in the cloud using Virtual Machines (VMs) to execute data-intensive SWfs. With a pay-as-you- go method, the users of clouds do not need to buy physical machines and the maintenance of the machines are ensured by the cloud providers. Nowadays, a cloud is typically made of several sites (or data centers), each with its own resources and data. Since a data- intensive SWf may process distributed data at different sites, the SWf execution should be adapted to multisite clouds while using distributed computing or storage resources.In this thesis, we study the methods to execute data-intensive SWfs in a multisite cloud environment. Some SWfMSs already exist while most of them are designed for computer clusters, grid or single cloud site. In addition, the existing approaches are limited to static computing resources or single site execution. We propose SWf partitioning algorithms and a task scheduling algorithm for SWf execution in a multisite cloud. Our proposed algorithms can significantly reduce the overall SWf execution time in a multisite cloud.In particular, we propose a general solution based on multi-objective scheduling in order to execute SWfs in a multisite cloud. The general solution is composed of a cost model, a VM provisioning algorithm, and an activity scheduling algorithm. The VM provisioning algorithm is based on our proposed cost model to generate VM provisioning plans to execute SWfs at a single cloud site. The activity scheduling algorithm enables SWf execution with the minimum cost, composed of execution time and monetary cost, in a multisite cloud. We made extensive experiments and the results show that our algorithms can reduce considerably the overall cost of the SWf execution in a multisite cloud
Lenormand, Maxime. "Initialiser et calibrer un modèle de microsimulation dynamique stochastique : application au modèle SimVillages". Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00822114.
Testo completoCasteigts, Michel. "Le management territorial stratégique. De la territorialisation en général et des territoires en particulier. L’aménagement de l’espace Aménagement du territoire Les réseaux territoriaux de savoirs Le design organisationnel territorial: le territoire comme organisation : biens collectifs, économies externes et compétitivité Le management territorial stratégique Transports urbains; la gouvernance territoriale face aux défis du développement durable La gouvernance urbaine entre science et idéologie Processus de territorialisation de l'espace Transactions interculturelles et intégration territoriale: le cas du Pays Basque Mythes métropolitains et territorialités urbaines dans le processus de globalisation: un repérage critique Quelques enjeux interculturels de la mondialisation, autour des notions de proximité, d'identité et de territoire Les paradoxes de l'équité territoriale L'invention stratégique du territoire, entre projets, transactions et conventions". Thesis, Pau, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PAUU2070.
Testo completoThe territory is a socially constructed apparatus and not a transcendental entity. Understanding the territorial phenomena requires to identify the mechanisms of this construction. The purpose of this thesis is to describe these territorialization processes, in a comparative approach to uncover the central figure of strategic territorial management, an ideal-typical configuration of collective action that appears when mechanisms legally instituted impede the territorial expression of strong societal dynamics.Strategic territorial management, the emergence of which is closely correlated with that of sustainable development, combines the territory as a regulatory framework, knowledge sharing as a cognitive principle, cooperation as an operational organization and governance as a decision-making process. In this context, the creation of the territory involves project based dynamics on transactional approaches and conventional logics
Driouech, Abdelhalim. "Algorithme d'ordonnancement et d'activation de liens dans les réseaux sans fil maillés basés sur les systèmes MIMO". Mémoire, 2009. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/2549/1/M11145.pdf.
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