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1
Gribble, John. "Verlorenvlei vernacular : a structuralist analysis of Sandveld folk architecture". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/21820.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A sample of 41 vernacular houses from the Verloenvlei and Lange Vlei valleys in the Sandveld on the Cape West coast, have been subjected to a structuralist analysis of their form. As elements of human material culture these houses represent the physical objectification of invisible culture. They are the products of a culturally dictated mental process of design, and in their form reflect the successful mediation by their creators of a set of binary oppositions common to all human experience. The mental rules that guide this process of design, and therefore account for the physical form of the object, are called the artifactual competence. Because, as a product of this competence, an artifact has implicit within its form the set of rules that account for its being, it is theoretically possible, through an inductive analysis of artifactual form, to isolate this set of relational rules. The houses in the sample were all carefully recorded and then compared and contrasted. This resulted in the creation of a statement of architectural competence for Verlorenvlei vernacular architecture, based upon which an explanation of its function as an element of human material culture, and a participant in human social relations was attempted.
2
Naude, M. "A legacy of rondavels and rondavel houses in the northern interior of South Africa". South African Journal of Art History, 2007. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1000810.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The rondavel has become synonymous with the settlements of the black people of South Africa but
has also become a characteristic building type of European (white) folk building in white vernacular
architecture. Although this building type was never considered a typical building type on farmsteads
and of farm architecture of the Boland, it has become such a common phenomenon that it can now be
considered part of white vernacular architecture. The occurrence and distribution of the rondavel in the
northern part of South Africa reflects its popularity over the last hundred years. The rondavel occurs in
six configurations: (1) as single isolated cone on cylinder structure, (2) as a conglomerate of separate
rondavels, (3) as several rondavels connected to each other with foyers and passages, (4) as an independent
annex to a larger rectangular dwelling unit, (5) as an addition built onto an existing rectangular
dwelling unit or (6) as a single dwelling unit with the characteristics of an elongated rondavel with two
of its sides parallel to each other (lozenge shape). The use and function of these buildings also varied
depending on the needs of the landowner, tenant, housewife or workers.
3
Hancock, Caroline. "Corbelled Buildings as heritage resources: in the Karoo, South Africa". Thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30195.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The primary aim of this study was to determine who claims the corbelled buildings in the
Karoo as their heritage and why. Through the use of vernacular architecture and heritage
identification theory, interviews and research it is clear that the buildings are significant and
a heritage resource. Their significance lies in their historical, social, aesthetic, symbolic and
cultural values, as well as their unique vernacular construction and limited distribution. The
corbelled buildings as vernacular buildings are part of the natural landscape which the local
community associate as part of their identity and heritage.
The buildings also possess academic and historical potential as they have the potential
through further archaeological and vernacular architectural research, to provide more
information on the northern frontier during the late 18th and early 19th centuries, a time that
is not well recorded or documented.
The buildings were built in 19th century along the ‘open’ northern frontier where there was
intermingling and creolisation of people from different economic and social groups. As a
result, they cannot be claimed by a single group of people in the present. The vast range in
types and styles of corbelled buildings indicate that they were built by most people living in
the area. They can therefore, be claimed by everyone who lives in the area today. They can
also be claimed as national heritage as they possess values that are common to the whole
country.
4
Quintino, Guilherme. "Vernacular architecture in south-western Portugal : a contribution towards sustainable architecture and conservation". Thesis, Open University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247046.
Testo completo
5
Duan, Zhongcheng. "The environmental performance of vernacular skywell dwellings in south-eastern China". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2012. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13909/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Chinese vernacular dwellings are low-energy buildings constructed before the advent of modern external services. No work has been published that incorporates an exacting assessment of the environmental performance of these buildings. The principal aim of this research was to investigate the environmental performance of Chinese vernacular skywell dwellings quantitatively and to establish a model of rigorous and comprehensive qualitative and quantitative research in this area. This was done by analysis of on-site measurements and computer simulation of the environmental performance of eight vernacular skywell dwellings in three villages in south-eastern China - Xidi, Zhifeng and Yuyuan. Environmental performance and building form are examined in relation to current knowledge of the social and economic life of the villages in the past centuries, and to the environmental comfort and the activities of present-day residents of the eight dwellings and other vernacular houses in the villages. It has previously been noted that, in general, the courtyard/skywell of vernacular dwellings decreases in size with progression from northern China to southern China as the climate becomes warmer. However, the mean size of the skywells was found to differ considerably between the three climatically similar villages - large skywells were found in Yuyuan village, medium sized skywells in Xidi village and very small skywells in Zhifeng village. While physical factors were found to be important in determining house form; socioeconomic, cultural and security considerations were found to be strong influences as well. The investigation of the natural illumination of Chinese vernacular dwellings conducted in this study was the first quantitative study of the distribution of natural light in these houses. Houses in the three villages were found to differ in their distribution of illumination according to local skywell form. In all three villages residents were found to take various actions to pursue satisfactory daylighting. Two patterns of daylighting isolux contour in skywell dwellings were identified and analysed. The first comprehensive quantitative study of the thermal performance of Chinese vernacular skywell dwellings was conducted by on-site measurement and administration of questionnaires to residents. Residents of Xidi and Zhifeng were found to appreciate the coolness of their houses in summer, but residents of all three villages found their houses unacceptably cold in winter. The efforts made by residents to mitigate extremes of heat and cold appear to be important in ensuring their thermal comfort. Evidence was obtained that evaporative cooling had a substantial influence on the temperature in the skywells of dwellings in Xidi and Zhifeng villages. In addition to the buffering of temperature by thermal mass, evaporative cooling was found to further reduce the fluctuation in temperature inside the skywell and is likely to have been the main reason that the mean dry bulb temperatures inside the skywells in these villages were lower than the mean external dry bulb temperatures. It is proposed that evaporative cooling in skywells can be exploited even in humid conditions, because natural ventilation can ensure exchange of air between the exterior and the interior of the skywell. Summer temperature/humidity data obtained in the most used spaces of skywell dwellings in the three villages were plotted on psychrometric charts and were examined in relation to the boundaries of predicted thermal comfort zones. The acceptability of thermal conditions in the dwellings that was predicted using this approach was very much lower than that reported by residents. Residents appear to be more tolerant of high humidity with the presence of natural ventilation. Such air movement is desirable to improve the thermal comfort for house occupants in hot and humid conditions.
6
Fourie, Morne. "Mêmes in amaNdzundza architecture". Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=30129.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The amaNdzundza are a South African abaNtu people. This thesis sets forth to determine the role of their world (in the Heideggerian sense) as it impacts on their Architecture. First the evolutionary process of the amaNdzundza architecture is established. An infinite series of memes (much like genes) that function both on an intra- and inter-cultural level govern this process. Next, the cultural interaction of the amaNdzundza over a period of half a millenium are mapped (and a space-time matrix drawn up: ch.3), as to find the sources of introduction on an intercultural level. Finally, the architecture of the amaNdzundza milieu, both of their settlements and of the cultures with which they shared their environment, is analyzed and a sample of memes identified, which best illustrate the meme-exchange and evolution. This is done in a structure comprising the analysis of selected religious spatial incentives, and some aspects and elements of the settlement, the dwelling and the mural. A summary is given of the memes involved in the amaNdzundza architecture, and their evolutionary dynamics and origins. The researcher thus concludes that, rather than a singular factor such as the patronage of apartheid, the cultural 'memes' in the amaNdebele ya amaNdzundza milieu played the predominant role in the shaping of their existential, spatial and structural dwelling, through a process of 'loci meme' evolution.
7
Arceneaux, Kathleen Dugas. "The script-analogue and its application in architectural analysis: the relationship of African women to African traditional architecture". Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54758.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This work involves the presentation of an original critical theory, termed the "script-analogue", for the discovery of significance in works of traditional architecture within their cultural contexts. The theory includes a set of related ideas about the relationship of architecture and culture, and uses these ideas as a method to analyze the relationship of African women to African traditional architecture.
The use of the script as an analogue refers to the script as it is used in theater, and indicates that the relationship of the individual, culture, and the architectural environment is dynamic and interactive. The "script-analogue" derives from post-structural thought, and modifies and expands on some of its themes to make them directly applicable in the context of architecture. lt represents a dynamic analytical alternative to the reading of architecture as “text”.
In the "script-analogue" theory, culture is represented through the actions of individuals, who are members simultaneously of a culture and overlapping and modifying sub-cultures. Who an individual is, culturally and sub-culturally, is important in the relationship of the individual to architecture. The theory offers a means by which gender differences, in terms of "who" builds and uses architecture, can be addressed in research, through the investigation of metaphors of significance to women, and thus it can facilitate research which focuses on women.
The concept of architecture is expanded to include both the built environment, and the unbuilt environment which is designated to be of significance through language. Memory is the means by which significance in architecture is given continuity. The term commemorative is used to indicate the commemoration, through architectural forms, of the appropriate actions of individuals within culture. The term orientative indicates that the locations of architectural forms and spaces, and the orientations of people to architecture, are factors in the memory of architectural significance and propriety of actions.
The "script-analogue" proposes that architectural significance can be discovered through investigations of the metaphor in language, and that metaphor is the means by which cultural themes exist in an inter-connected relationship to each other. Ritual, as metaphorical action which takes place in an architectural setting, activates the script, and connects it to other cultural and sub-cultural themes outside of the local and specific conditions. This inter-connectedness is termed in the "script-analogue", transcendence through metaphor.
The substance of this dissertation comprises both an explanation of the ideas involved in the "script-analogue" theory, and examples of its application. In addition to the findings generated by the application of the "script-analogue" to the relationship of African women to African traditional architecture, this dissertation suggests other applications of the theory, such as evaluations of housing design in Africa, and it attempts to bridge the gap between architectural theory and practice.Ph. D.
8
Jhatam, Mohammed Saeed. "Black housing in South Africa : realities, myths and options". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/74797.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1988.Includes bibliographical references.
This thesis is primarily based on three statements, the first a reality, the second a statement of policy and the third a declaration of intent. THE REALITY: In order to keep pace with the growth in population over the period 1980 to 2000, more than four million houses will need to be built. In addition, in 1983 the housing backlog was estimated to be approximately 700 000, with the major shortages being experienced by Blacks. (Sutcliffe, 1986). This amounts to approximately 550 houses per day for the twenty year period. At present the building rate is below 20 units per working day. (Kentridge, 1986). THE PRESENT POLICY:In 1982, the Minister of Community Development, Pen Kotze, announced that the state will no longer provide built housing units. Instead, our first priority will be to ensure that land and infrastructure is made available to all persons who can, with their own financial resources, those of their employers, financial institutions and other private means, accept responsibility for the construction or their own houses. (Dewar, 1983). Furthermore state- provided rented accommodation will, only be built for welfare cases and for people earning less than R150.00 a month. Even here a substantial cutback is implied. To quote the Minister, As far as housing for the poor is concerned, the Department will STILL CONSIDER making funds available for housing projects for people earning less than RlSO a month. [emphasis added) (Dewar, 1983). THE DECLARATION OF INTENT: Clause 9 of the Freedom Charter states, There Shall Be Houses, Security and Comfort All people shall have the right to live where they choose, to be decently housed and to bring up their families in comfort and security; Unused housing space to be made available to the people; Rent and prices shall be lowered, food plentiful and no one shall go hungry, ... Slums shall be demolished and new suburbs built where all have transport, roads, lighting, playing fields, creches and social centres; ... Fenced location and ghettos shall be abolished, and laws which break up families shall be repealed. Each of the above two statements in turn begs a related question: Of the present policy - how and why did it come about? What are the present responses and how effective are they? Of the declared intention - how can it be fulfilled? In essence, this thesis addresses these questions.
by Mohammed Saeed Jhatam.
M.S.
9
Hirsch, Phoebe. "Islamic architecture in the Cape South Africa, 1794-2013". Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2016. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/23644/.
Testo completo
10
Brink, Yvonne. "Places of discourse and dialogue : a study in the material culture of the Cape during the rule of the Dutch East India Company". Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22580.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Bibliography: pages 221-235.The main object of study in this thesis is the architectural tradition commonly known as "Cape Dutch". The aim is to make sense of this architecture by answering questions about its coming into being, the people who created it, and their reasons for doing so. Contrary to the suggestions of most existing works on Cape Dutch architecture, an earlier substantial form of domestic architecture, which resembled the town houses of the Netherlands, underlies the tradition. Analysis of existing literature, archaeological excavation, and inventories, indicates that gradual changes towards the basic traditional form during the first decades of the eighteenth century took a dramatic leap during the 1730s. Moving away from the shapes of the dwellings to the people who changed them involves a major theoretical shift, away from formalism towards poststructuralist theory: discourse theory, literary criticism, feminism. These frameworks enable me to identify contradictions underlying historical events; to deconstruct documents, thus revealing their rhetorical devices for constituting subjectivities and establishing social hierarchies; and to see the architecture as a body of works or texts - a discourse. From 1657 free burghers were given land to farm independently. These farmers were an anomalous group whose view of themselves no longer coincided with the lesser subjectivities structured for them by Dutch East India Company (VOC) documents. Together the latter constituted a discourse of domination against which the anomalous group, in the process of establishing new identities for themselves, developed a discourse of resistance. Since the VOC maintained a strict monopoly over the word, the discourse of discontent was manifested in other forms of inscription, most notably in free burgher architecture. Using a particular type of gender theory, it becomes possible to envisage the two discourses in conversation with each other. The theoretical component of the thesis involves, first, writing historical archaeology into the gaps of existing post-structuralist perspectives which were not designed for archaeology; second, demonstrating the two discourses at work in the practice of their everyday existence by the people concerned.
11
Liebenberg, Deon. "The use of modernism in Afrikaner Protestant Church design in Cape Town's northern suburbs". Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2608.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (MTech (Architectural Technology))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2014.The growth of Cape Town's northern suburbs during the first few decades of the twentieth century is closely related to the socio-economic history of local Afrikaners who, during this time, left the farms to seek employment in Cape Town's industrial areas. Most of them settled in or near these industrial areas, causing the expansion of the northern suburbs. The first railway line in Cape Town, which was inaugurated in 1862, passed through Bellville on its way from Cape Town station to its terminal point in Eersterivier. The first official station at Bellville was only built in 1882, however, and a stop in Parow only followed in 1903The first Bellville town council was established as recently as 1922 (Bergh, 2009: 5-6). This is an indication of how sparsely populated this area was at the time. The Dutch Reformed Church has traditionally played a central role in the cultural and spiritual life of Afrikaners, and consequently the establishment of Dutch Reformed churches in the northern suburbs stands in clear correlation to the growth of Afrikaner populations in these suburbs (see below). Because of the low population of the Parow and Bellville areas, Dutch Reformed Church members living there were initially part of the Cape Town congregation, and, from 1832 onward, part of the newly established Durbanville congregation. It is only in April 1900 when, in the Bellville area, numbers had increased considerably, that monthly services were held in a school building. By 1920 membership had grown so much that weekly services had to be held. In 1922 a church hall with 300 seats was inaugurated (Bergh, 2009: 7-8). Local services in Parow were only instituted in 1905, with the first church building, a Neo-Gothic structure, following in 1907. In 1917 a separate congregation was established in Parow (i.e. separate from the Durbanville mother congregation), with Bellville following suit in 1934. Goodwood congregation became independent in 1926, having separated from Parow (Van Lill, 1992: 6-9; Bergh, 2009: 8). In subsequent years, as numbers increased, numerous other congregations were established after separating from these three mother congregations, most of which built Modernist churches. The first Dutch Reformed church built in the Goodwood-Parow-Bellville area was the old Parow church. This building no longer exists, but it was built in the Neo-Gothic style which had been current throughout the 19th century, and which was still, at the beginning of the 20th century, the accepted traditional style (see Le Raux, 2008: 21). The Rondebosch Dutch Reformed church, for example, was built in this style during the last decade of the 19th century. (The southern suburbs, which include Rondebosch, had developed gradually over the previous three centuries, and by the early 20th century were well established, leaving relatively few prospects for working class Afrikaners to settle there). At the beginning of the 20th century, with the emergence of a nationalistic consciousness in the wake of the Anglo-Boer War (1899-1902), there was a fervent search for a 'true' Afrikaans church architecture. This search was lead and directed by Gerhard Moerdijk (1890-1958) and Wynand Louw (1883-1967). They emphatically rejected the Gothic style for various reasons. Firstly, because it was designed around the Roman Catholic liturgy and was therefore unsuitable for Protestant worship, and secondly, because it is historically identified with the growth and expansion of the Catholic Church and therefore also with the persecution of Protestants, including that of the Huguenots who fled to the Cape to become ancestors of many Afrikaners (Le Roux, 2008: 22). However, if this style was indeed so offensive to Huguenots because of its Catholic associations, it would possibly not have become so popular during the 19th and zo= centuries. These Neo-Gothic churches are, in fact, unmistakably Protestant in the austerity of their interiors which could not be mistaken for a Catholic Gothic church interior with its abundantly rich ornamentation and sacred imagery. Likewise, the exteriors of these Neo-Gothic churches are distinctly Protestant in their reserved use of ornamentation. Nevertheless, Gothic churches were originally designed around the Catholic liturgy and consequently their layout does not serve the Protestant liturgy well. Here Moerdijk makes a very valid point, and one which would be taken up by subsequent architects as well as writers (see Chapter Seven below). Moerdijk, in his published writings, upholds Classicism and the Renaissance as examples worthy of following (Le Roux, 2008: 22). The resulting new style which he and Louw pursued from the 1920s onwards, and which became enormously popular, is generally referred to as sentraalbou (due to its centralised floor plan) (see Le Roux, 2008: 25-28). Later writers on Afrikaner Protestant church design tend to stress the supposed Byzantine ancestry of this type of church (see below).
12
Ntawanga, Felix. "Customer profiling using a service-orientated architecture". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1146.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Customer profiling has recently gained much recognition in the e-commerce domain because of the benefits it is capable of bringing to online business. Customer profiling has been implemented in various systems development approaches such as in a client-server environment. Recently there has been an increase in the number of organisations adopting and implementing e-commerce systems using service-oriented architecture (SOA) principles. This research set out to determine how a customer profile can be implemented using open source SOA implementation tools, and how SOA-based customer profiles can be utilised to provide appropriate personalisation in an SOA environment. The research further endeavoured to complete a comparative study on customer profile implementation in two different architectures, namely SOA and client-server. An extensive literature review was conducted on SOA, customer profiling and e-commerce systems development. SOA enabling technologies, such as, web services, enterprise service bus (ESB) and open source Sun Java SOA implementation tools, for example, Open ESB, GlassFish application server and Netbeans IDE were analysed. A Java web services-based customer profiling system was prototyped following SOA design principles. An end-user evaluation survey was conducted using eye tracking with a sample of 30 participants. The evaluation was done on two e-commerce systems with the same interface but running on two different customer profile back-ends, SOA and client-server. The results show that participants did not experience significant difference between the two systems, however, eye tracking results showed a significant difference between the two systems. The research concluded that customer profiling using SOA offers more benefits than implementations using other architectures such as client-server. SOA component-based development proved to be easier to manage, develop, integrate and improves interoperability between different technologies. The research brought together necessary techniques and technologies that organisations can use to implement SOA. Using SOA, organisations can integrate and utilise different technologies seamlessly to achieve business goals.
13
Gao, Yun. "The Dai vernacular house in South China: tradition and cultural development in the architecture of an ethnic minority". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488474.
Testo completo
14
Dingle, Jonathan Paul. "Investigation into the potential of industrial cogeneration in South Africa". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4992.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references.
Cogeneration is a promising technological option for SA and the world at large. This technologypermits the combined production of two forms of energy from a single fuel source. This possibility isadvantageous in industry where electricity and process heat can be produced with outstanding efficiency. It has been shown to offer sizable energy savings and cost advantages in a wide variety ofindustries around the world. Despite these attractive benefits SA‘s use of cogeneration remainslimited. In addition the true potential for cogeneration in SA has not been properly quantified. This represents a significant shortfall in our understanding of the future of the SA energy system. The integrated resource plan for electricity (2012) presents findings that 2GW of cogeneration capacity can be realised by 2020. This figure is unconfirmed and the sources of this proposed cogenerationdevelopment have not been scrutinized. These research gaps must be explored if SA is to realise itscogeneration potential. This research seeks to investigate the potential for cogeneration in SA. A research method was developed specifically to determine what cogeneration currently exists in SA and how much capacity could be developed into the future.
15
Bürisch, Kirsten Laureen. "Breaking the stigma : redefining the architectural image of FET colleges in South Africa". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6086.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Includes bibliographical references.The initial topic of this thesis focused on ways in which architecture can help to bridge the gap between education and employment; a very real need in South Africa's economy of today, as stated in the February 2011 State of the Province Address by Premier of the Western Cape, Helen Zille. My research into this topic soon revealed that there are already existing models in place that aim to close this gap, namely Further Education and Training (FET) College facilities. According to the FET Act of 2006, the aim of these colleges is to provide post-compulsory general education with a focus on vocational training, while preparing students for occupational fields and increasing employment opportunities (Act No. 16 of 2006). After visiting several of these colleges within the Cape Town area, and interviewing the Campus Managers, it became apparent that the system is currently not working at its full potential. There are many reasons for this, which will be discussed later. One of the most pressing issues, however, is related to the campuses themselves. Many of the colleges have been given old and unused school buildings, or have taken over older college buildings that were designed for different purposes. This has diminished the campus usability and relevance, which has ultimately created a negative image of FET Colleges in general.
16
Malherbe, Gideon François. "Founding a farm: the marking out of Klein Stockwell, Western Cape, South Africa". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/28019.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This dissertation is rooted in my pursuit of developing a site engagement method that can be applied to learn from any given site by studying its history and inherent spatial logic. The research focuses primarily on a typological study of rural space and resulted in an architectural language that evolved from and amplifies the specific tradition of building as observed at Stockwell Farm in the Western Cape. The research process started with the temporal charting of the seen and the unseen forces affecting a portion of earth. Earth as seen in this work is a living organism that supports a historic community of interdependent individuals whom all leave marks upon its surface. Marking the earth is a daily practice in the rural agrarian space of Stockwell where historic and contemporary markings agglomerate to form a rural artefact that is the by-product of necessity. Within this resulting dissonance a space of unexpected sublimity arises. This dissertation critically approaches the establishment of a new farm on a portion of earth that has seen minimal marking. The portion is conversed with in a language learnt from its parent farm, Stockwell, and uses that as the basis for a vernacular of precast and expedient boer maak 'n plan building processes. The portion is moulded, marked and embellished to produce a space of multiple thresholds that arouse the sublime. I have designed a petrol station, truck stop, restaurant, organic farm, assorted barns, guest lodging, place of reflection, private sanctuaries and winery. Ultimately, a collection of buildings is brought to life and bound together by the moving of earth.
17
Grobler, David J. "An assessment of the strategic architecture of the Unite180 church". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97327.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.ENGLISH ABSTACT: The global Christian industry has undergone a radical shift in the past decade. There are many influences and forces active in the industry affecting church and there is evidence that the Christian industry is in a decline phase. This study analyses and assesses the strategic architecture of the Unite180 church. Even though the church has been operating its ministry successfully since 2006 as a youth ministry, it has never formalised its strategic architecture. The research study thus performed a thorough strategic architecture assessment of the Unite180 church and concluded with a strategy map and Balanced Scorecard to be utilised as practical tools to monitor the church’s achievements in terms of its strategic initiatives. The research question can be expressed as follow: What can be learnt from the current strategic architecture of the Unite180 church and how can it be changed, improved and further developed to ensure that the Unite180 church continues to create value sustainably? The study focused on a qualitative approach and the literature review explored the field of business model innovation and strategy.
18
Edwards, Rhys Ivor Brian. "The adaptive reuse of the former Thesen Island power station : a case study". Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2540.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (MTech (Architectural Technology))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017.In the developed Western world, the need to preserve buildings, including industrial buildings, is well established, and the many charters that exist for guidance for preservation of the built environment point to the necessity of preservation. It can be posited that many of South Africa buildings with industrial architectural heritage are being lost either through neglect, obsolescence, demolition or vandalisation. At an international conference, David Worth, the sole South African representative for the International Committee for the Conservation of the Industrial Heritage (TICCIH), stated that South Africa‟s industrial heritage has been neglected by the public, by professionals and academics, and by commercial and political interests. Läuferts and Mavunganidze make the point that South Africa continues to lag behind other countries in the preservation of and declaration of its industrial heritage. The purpose of this research was to investigate if adaptive reuse is a successful strategy to preserve industrial architectural heritage in South Africa. A further aim was to investigate whether adaptive reuse can be considered sustainable or „green‟ (in terms of the UN‟s sustainable development goals)
19
McLean, Diane Lynn. "Indigenous Tswana architecture: with specific reference to the Tshidi Rolong village at Mafikeng". Thesis, Rhodes University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007600.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This essay is divided roughly into two main sections; in the first I have discussed the Tswana as a whole, their environment, their origins and their more recent history. In addition to this, I have tried to give a clear picture of their tribal political structure and economic activities, as well as their domestic activities, all of which are integrally linked to the kind of house form adopted by the Tswana. The last, and most important, part of the first section is a presentation of some of the earliest written descriptions of Tswana dwellings made by the first white travellers to enter Tswana territory. The second section takes the form of a presentation of findings observed during the course of personal field research undertaken in the Tshidi-Rolong village outside Mafikeng. This research was done by means of a number of questionnaires drawn up by myself and filled in on the spot with information supplied by house owners and sometimes the builders themselves. This survey was carried out largely at random, with several of the houses chosen arbitrarily because of an interesting feature which set them apart from other dwellings. This written information is backed up by a large bulk of visual information in the form of photographs taken personally, both of the dwellings in general, and of details of the houses. Although this essay may appear to be rather fragmented, my aim is to give a graphic account of changes in Tswana dwellings by comparing features of contemporary dwellings with those observed in the early nineteenth century. The fact that among the Tswana , the building style of one sub-tribe may vary slightly from that of another subtribe, has not affected my study to any large extent , since I was fortunate enough to have done my field research among a branch of one of the original groups, namely the Rolong, whose houses, along with those of the Tlhaping, were the first to be documented. Therefore, most of the differences which have occurred between the dwellings of the contemporary Tshidi-Rolong and those from the early nineteenth century are a direct result of the process of westernisation.
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Bothma, Johan. "Landscape and architectural devices for energy-efficient South Africa suburban residential design". Pretoria : [s.n.], 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01122005-070827.
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21
Barnard, Eureka. "'n Evaluering van die volksboukuns van die Swellendam-omgewing". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49771.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis(MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Swellendam is situated in the eastern part of the Overberg and is bounded by the districts of Bredasdorp in the south, Caledon and Robertson in the west, Montagu and Ladisrnith in the north, and Riversdale and Heidelberg in the east. Before colonisation mainly two Khoikhoi tribes, the Chainouquas and the Hessequas, lived there. Because of the favourable climate and terrain, the expansion into the interior of the European settlers after 1700 happened most rapidly across the Hottentots Holland mountains in the direction of the Breede River. On 12 November 1743 a sub-drostdy for the Colonie in de verre afgeleegene districten was founded and a landdrost and heemraad members were appointed. On 26 October 1747 the Political Council decided to name this district Swellendam. The drostdy and a number of other buildings were completed by 1747. The pioneers applied in the Swellendam area the methods of building to which they were accustomed, which they knew by tradition or to which they had been exposed. The plans which were employed had either been used by previous generations or appeared widely in the area. For almost two centuries the elongated wing plan in the form of an I, T, U, L, etcetera was followed at the Cape. In the area studied the T-plan, especially, is most common, with a considerable number of longhouses (I-plan) in which man and beast were lodged under one roof. Kapstyl (roof-truss), clay and stone houses are the three types of homes of which remnants have been found in the Swellendam area. The kapstyl structure was used as a temporary home and also as bam in the area under study. Clay houses were the first more permanent structures erected in the Swellendam area. These homes were probably built without the assistance of masons, joiners, carpenters and blacksmiths. In this area stone buildings were primarily erected at livestock stations and, compared to clay houses, there are few remnants of stone-built homes. A few combination patterns have been found in the lay-out of outbuildings. Examples of these are the stables-and-waggon shed combinations and the stables-waggon shed-kraal, as well as the stables-waggon shed-hen's nest openings and the slave quarters-milking shedwaggon shed combinations.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Swellendam is gelee in die oostelike deel van die Overberg en word begrens deur die distrikte van Bredasdorp in die suide, Caledon en Robertson in die weste, Montagu en Ladismith in die noorde, en Riversdal en Heidelberg in die ooste. Voor kolonisasie het daar in die streek hoofsaaklik twee Khoikhoi stamme gewoon, die Chainouquas en die Hessequas. As gevolg van die gunstige klimaat en die terrein het die binnelandse uitbreiding van die Europese setlaars na 1700 die vinnigste oor die Hottentots- Hollandberge in die rigting van die Breederivier plaasgevind. Op 12 November 1743 is 'n sub-drostdy vir die Colonie in de verre afgeleegene districten gestig en 'n landdros en heemrade is aangestel. Op 26 Oktober 1747 besluit die Politi eke Raad om hierdie distrik Swellendam te noem. Die drostdy en 'n aantal ander geboue is teen 1747 voltooi. Die pioniers het die bouwyse waaraan hulle gewoond was, wat hulle deur tradisie geken het of waaraan hulle blootgestel was, ook in die Swellendam-omgewing toegcpas. Die bouplanne wat gebruik is, is of deur die voorgeslagte aangewend, of het algemeen in die gebied voorgekom. Vir byna twee eeue is die verlengde vleuelplan in die vorm van 'n I, T, U, L ensovoorts, aan die Kaap gevolg. In die studiegebied kom veral die T-plan die meeste voor met 'n beduidende hoeveelheid langhuise (l-plan) waar mens en dier onder een dak gehuisves is. Kapstyl, klei en kliphuise is die drie woningtipes waarvan oorblyfsels in die Swellendamstreek aangetref is. Die kapstylstruktuur is in die studiegebied gebruik as tydelike woning en ook as SkuUL Kleihuise was die eerste meer permanente strukture wat in die Swellendam-omgewing opgerig is. Die wonings is waarskynlik opgerig sonder die hulp van messelaars, skrynwerkers, timmermans en grofsmede. In hierdie streek is daar hoofsaaklik op die veeposte met klip gebou en is daar in vergelyking met kleihuise min oorblyfsels van wonings wat met klip gebou is. 'n Paar kombinasiepatrone is in die uitleg van buitegeboue gevind. Voorbeelde hiervan is die stalle-en-waenhuis-kombinasies en die stalle-waenhuis-kraal, stalle-waenhuishoendernes- openinge, en die slawekwartier-melkery-waenhuis-kombinasies.
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De, Flamingh Francois. "The role of textiles in sustainable South African residential architecture". Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1321.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (MTech (Design))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2011Sustainable architecture prescribes the conscious consideration and active contemplation of ways of meeting the housing needs of humans while attempting simultaneously to prevent our consumption patterns from exceeding the resources at our disposal. Sustainability in the built environment is infinitely complex as the very nature of modern architecture is based upon the extraction and exploitation of finite natural resources to feed a linear system ultimately ending in the depletion of those resources and the destruction of the ecosystem from which they are excavated. When considering built environments, the most visible and measurable components of any sustainable design is its ecological and economic sustainability. Social sustainability, on the other hand is of an unquantifiable nature, making it a most contentious topic in design and development discourse. This thesis uses a systems approach to sustainable architecture as a lens to focus on the practical applications of structural concepts made possible by the integration of textiles in the built environment and examines possibilities of adapting and incorporating vernacular and low-tech textile-based construction methods into contemporary sustainable architecture. More specifically, it explores the possibilities of using architextiles, or textiles in the building industry, as a vehicle for advancing sustainable development within the emerging economy of South Africa with its unambiguous diversity in all three bottom lines of sustainability; environment (ecology, resources, geography, built environment), society (community, culture, politics) and economy (employment, wealth, finance, industry, infrastructure, consumer behaviour).
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Hindes, Clinton Neil. "Incorporating the development of non-technical skills in the landscape architecture curriculum in South Africa". Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04302005-105628/.
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24
Kruger, Heinrich. "A stratigic architecture for a start-up short term insurer operating on mutual principles in South Africa". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97339.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This research investigates the short-term insurance industry in South Africa in order to develop a strategic architecture for a new player to enter the market, differentiated primarily by operating on mutual principles. Mutual insurance is not something new and is widely applied across the world. However, in South Africa there is only one company that operates completely as a mutual. That company is known as the Professional Provident Society (PPS), and has been in operation since 1941. Although PPS operates completely as a mutual, it has only recently started to take part in the short-term insurance industry. Apart from them, there is no other short-term insurer that operates on mutual principles. In order to develop a strategic architecture, a thorough understanding of the industry and market was obtained by analysing the external and internal environments of short-term insurers in South Africa. The research is based on solid statistical data on all registered insurers, available from the governing body for insurers in South Africa, the Financial Services Board, as well as more qualitative data in the form of reports on industry analysis, performed by major auditors like KPMG and PWC. It also takes into consideration “cutting edge” approaches to starting up a new business, regardless of industry, through the application of the “Customer Development Model”, an approach based on lean and agile principles to mitigate the risk of developing a product / service at high cost before knowing if the market actually has a need or appetite for it. This research concludes by offering a strategic architecture and strategic implementation plan for a new player to enter the market, based on the analysis performed though the application of various strategic tools and frameworks. The primary findings of this research are that the industry is highly competitive, with longstanding ‘giants’ supported by parent companies. Those ‘giants’, however, all operate as stock insurers, and a transition by any one of them to mutual insurer, is highly unlikely. As mentioned, the industry currently only has one mutual insurer. This means there is really only one competitor (PPS) in terms of the profit sharing model and in that, PPS has a rather niche focus since its products are only available to graduate professionals. This research uses further external and internal environment analysis methods to extract industry information used in the formulation of a strategic architecture and business model for a new player to compete in the environment described above. It suggests that there is, in fact, room for a new player and that it can differentiate itself from stock insurers by applying the mutual model. It can further differentiate itself from stock insurers and PPS by expanding its market focus (i.e. not only for graduate professionals) and by utilising technology in productive and creative ways that encourages engagement with customers in a new way.
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KELLY, BRANDON JAMES. "DETAILS OF THE EXISTING INFORMING THE DESIGN OF THE NEW: A CRITICAL APPROACH TO THE ADAPTIVE-REUSE OF WATERSMEET FARM, SOUTH CAROLINA, CREATING A HISTORICAL NATURE RETREAT CENTER". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1115181925.
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Grecula, Martin. "Stratigraphy and architecture of tectonically controlled turbidite systems : Laingsburg formation, Karoo Basin, South Africa". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2000. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343590.
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Malan, Catharina. "Growing a building particularity as a strategy for upliftment of agriculture towns in South Africa". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/18173.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Includes bibliographical referencesMotivation: Small agriculture towns in South Africa are suffering economically since the number of jobs available in the agriculture sector has been decreasing rapidly. This is attributed to a deepening in capital in the agriculture sector (Hall & Cousins, 2015). Consequently, unemployment is the reality of many farming towns and often results in large numbers of young people seeking a better life elsewhere, causing a slow but steady dilapidation of the town. The job seekers move to the city and become yet another burden on the city's already overloaded infrastructure since they have little chance of employment in a city environment with an agriculture skill set. Proposition: This dissertation proposes to contribute towards urban upliftment through healing the supporting parts to the urban whole. Based on the complex adaptive systems theory the whole can only function through the parts and thus as well as its parts. This frames the understanding that since agriculture is a major part of the Western Cape's economy, the city (the whole) can only be totally healed through healing the supporting agriculture towns (the parts). The intention is to provide a strategy, through research, mapping and design exploration that will uplift the image and economy of small agriculture towns in the Western Cape. Thus providing the town's people with pride and hope, the unemployed with jobs and the youth with a future. Approach: Looking at the two extremes of a centralized and localized approach to architecture, economics and general development, a sustainable mid-way of a locally focused, yet globally relevant, angle is strived towards. This approach suggests moving away from an abstract planning towards using the conditions on the ground and the town plan to provide the future plan through small shifts. A pragmatic approach of developing a theory and methodology through practice has been followed. The sample local town has been mapped and investigated in order to create a grocery list of the existing or available resources, conditions and needs. The content is carefully analyzed to determine the smallest move, with the available resources, that will have the greatest positive effect. The scheme relies on a particularity approach which identifies a local kit of parts. The kit of parts is used to create a spatial connectivity across the town and formulate an urban upliftment scheme. The proposed building serves as supporting infrastructure to the spatial network and culminate the urban, spatial, social and economic schemes. The building is also conceived from the kit of parts and serves as a built analogue for the values of the scheme. This proposed methodology/particularity strategy for upliftment of agriculture towns will be applied to and tested on Porterville (a small farming town about 200km North West of Cape Town) in the form of a speculative project.
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King, Taryn. "Through the Camera Obscura : exploring the voyeuristic gaze through Grahamstown's architecture". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1018937.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
My study explores the politics of viewing and the gaze. I argue that the gaze both arrests and objectifies the body, which in turn transforms subjects into objects therefore regulating social behaviour. The basic notion of the gaze will be explored throughout this thesis and thereby contextualizes my sculptures, which are casts of my naked body. My particular concern lies in how the ideas of surveillance have had an influence on architecture and buildings in Grahamstown. Throughout this mini thesis, I will explore a number of architectural spaces of Grahamstown such as the Provost prison, Fort Selwyn and the Camera Obscura which I argue were all designed based on the ideas of surveillance. The entanglement of Grahamstown architecture and the female form as a subject of voyeurism forms an important part of this thesis, as the context of Grahamstown architecture is centered on visibility, which in turn subjects people to a form of discipline. The Provost Prison, the Camera Obscura and the forts of Grahamstown are all good examples of this. Outside of this, the female body is also subjected to the gaze, which in turn suggests that the female body is also under surveillance and as a result also becomes disciplined. My installation is a response to Antony Gormley’s Event Horizon, in which he placed 33 steel and fibreglass casts of his own naked body at an elevated level on buildings around Manhattan and Brazil. In this discussion I have contextualized my work with reference to the ideas of different theorists. The three main theorists I have cited are Michel Foucault, Jonathan Crary and Laura Mulvey. Foucault is specifically cited due to his discussion on Panoptic power, surveillance and docile bodies. Crary makes a number of important points with regards to the ideological operations of the Camera Obscura as well as its history while Laura Mulvey’s writings form the basis of the voyeuristic gaze from the perspective of a feminist.
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Nice, Jako Albert. "Community engagement - South Africa : a development in community theory and education engagement. Architecture a facilitator". Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01082009-162529.
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Bernardo, Tomás. "A model for information architecture of government web sites in Southern Africa". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/459.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The main purpose of this research is to investigate the Information Architecture (IA) of government web sites in Southern Africa. The government web sites of Mozambique and South Africa were selected for the purpose of this research. A further aim of this research was to derive a model for the IA of government web sites. The model was based on IA components and guidelines as well as on web site components and E-government requirements. The IA guidelines in the model were derived from general design guidelines and guidelines for government web sites. The IA guidelines in the proposed model were used to conduct an analytical and empirical evaluation of the selected sites. The selection of the sites was based on similarities in the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) strategies and policies, the annual Internet growth rates, the Internet user profiles and the Egovernment initiatives in both countries. Differences between the sites also contributed to their selection. Mozambique is one of the least developed countries in the world, while South Africa is one of the most developed countries in Africa. Heuristic evaluation was used for the analytical evaluation while questionnaires and user testing were used for the empirical evaluation. Some of the usability problems identified in the heuristic evaluation, such as incorrect organisation of information and navigation issues, were also identified in the empirical evaluation, confirming to the existence of these usability problems. The results of this research show that the IA of government web sites has an impact on user performance and satisfaction and that the proposed model can be used to design and evaluate the IA of government web sites in Southern Africa.
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Van, Zyl Annemarie. "'n Vergelykende ondersoek na die residensiele argitektuur van die Victoriaanse periode in Engeland en Suid-Afrika : die impak van abstrakte determinante op uiterlike vormgewing". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86546.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Architecture is a complex concept, and as such many factors contribute to its creation. These factors include geographical, economical and climatological aspects, but above all architecture is formed by the specific times, circumstances and lifestyle of the creator. The human being, with his background, ideas and values, shapes and influences the architecture surrounding him, and is also shaped and influenced by it. Therefore, when the lives and opinions of people are radically changed, it follows inevitably that their way of architectural expression will also change. There are marked differences between domestic buildings erected during the Victorian period in England and South Africa. English domestic buildings consist of long uniform terraced rows of two or more storeys, while freestanding single-storeyed houses are the norm in South Africa. A large percentage of English buildings are built with unfinished bricks (sometimes stone), while the bulk of South African buildings are finished in plaster. The general roofing material for Victorian houses in South Africa, namely corrugated iron, are not used on English houses at all. English roofs are most often covered in slate tiles. The very elaborate wood and/or cast-iron decorative elements so typical of the Victorian style in South Africa are largely absent in England, and most English buildings also do not have an architectural element comparable to the South African veranda. All styles which occurred in England during the Victorian period are termed Victorian, but in all cases it refers to the period, not the style. Although in South Africa other styles from the Victorian period are sometimes also referred to as Victorian, a clearly distinguishable style with unique characteristics developed at the end of the nineteenth century in South Africa. This style came to be known as Victorian. This study investigates the underlying reasons for the differences which exist between the Victorian architecture of England and South Africa.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Argitektuur berus op 'n komplekse basis, en as sodanig is daar talle faktore wat tot die skepping daarvan aanleiding gee. Hierdie faktore sluit onder meer in geografiese, ekonomiese en klimatologiese aspekte, maar bowenal word die argitektuur geskep deur die spesifieke tydsgees, agtergrond en leefstyl van die skepper daarvan. Die mens, met inbegrip van sy agtergrond, idees en waardes, vorm en beïnvloed die argitektuur wat hom omring, en word self ook daardeur gevorm en beïnvloed. Wanneer die lewens en sienings van mense dus verander, volg dit vanselfsprekend dat hulle argitektoniese uitdrukkingsvorme ook sal verander. Woonhuise wat tydens die Victoriaanse periode in Suid-Afrika opgerig is, verskil opvallend van dié in Engeland. Engeland se woonhuise bestaan uit lang aaneengeskakelde rye huise (terraces), wat oor twee of meer verdiepings strek, terwyl enkelverdieping alleenstaande geboue die norm in Suid-Afrika is. Geboue in Engeland vertoon ook 'n opvallende uniformiteit wat in Suid-Afrika ontbreek. 'n Groot persentasie Engelse geboue is van ongepleisterde baksteen (soms klip) gebou, terwyl Suid-Afrikaanse geboue oorwegend afgepleister is. Die algemene dakmateriaal vir Victoriaanse huise in Suid-Afrika, naamlik sinkplaat, word glad nie op Engelse huise gebruik nie. Die oordadige versieringselemente uit gietyster en/of hout wat so tipies van die Victoriaanse styl in Suid-Afrika is, is grootliks afwesig in Engeland, en die meeste Engelse geboue het ook nie 'n bou-element wat vergelykbaar is met 'n Suid-Afrikaanse stoep nie. Alle style wat in Engeland tydens die Victoriaanse periode voorgekom het, word Victoriaans genoem, maar in alle gevalle word die tydperk bedoel, en nie die styl nie. Hoewel daar in Suid-Afrika ook soms na ander style van die Victoriaanse periode as Victoriaans verwys word, het daar teen die einde van die negentiende eeu 'n eiesoortige styl met unieke kenmerke in Suid-Afrika ontwikkel wat as Victoriaans bekend staan. Hierdie studie ondersoek die dieperliggende redes vir die verskille wat tussen die Victoriaanse argitektuur van Engeland en Suid-Afrika bestaan.
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Tarwireyi, Paul. "Design and implementation of a network revenue management architecture for marginalised communities". Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/72.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Rural Internet connectivity projects aimed at bridging the digital divide have mushroomed across many developing countries. Most of the projects are deployed as community centred projects. In most of the cases the initial deployment of these projects is funded by governments, multilateral institutions and non-governmental organizations. After the initial deployment, financial sustainability remains one of the greatest challenges facing these projects. In the light of this, externally funded ICT4D interventions should just be used for “bootstrapping” purposes. The communities should be “groomed” to take care of and sustain these projects, eliminating as soon as possible a dependency on external funding. This master thesis presents the design and the implementation of a generic architecture for the management of the costs associated with running a computer network connected to the Internet, The proposed system, called the Network Revenue Management System, enables a network to generate revenue, by charging users for the utilization of network resources. The novelty of the system resides in its flexibility and adaptability, which allow the exploration of both conventional and non-conventional billing options, via the use of suitable ‘adapters’. The final goal of the exploration made possible by this system is the establishment of what is regarded as equitable charging in rural, marginalized communities - such as the community in Dwesa, South Africa.
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Desai, Ahmad. "Establishing the kinematics of the North East Region of South Africa with the use of GPS data". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/21192.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The Nubia-Somalia boundary is one of the least well defined plate boundaries. The southern extension, as it extends through the latitudes that are co-incidental to South Africa's geographical extent has not been defined. This project analyses Trignet data, supplemented with other available Nubian GPS data, to determine whether the North East Region of South Africa is segregated from the Nubian Plate. A ten year GPS time series (processed using the Bernese 5.0 precise GNSS software) is minimally constrained to the ITRF2008, using the reprocessed IGS08 products. This processed data was managed to alleviate GPS time series bias, which includes seasonal effects, the determination of GPS velocity uncertainty using a white+ icker noise model, discontinuity detection using Roggero's (2012) discontinuity algorithm and an outlier detection using an algorithm developed for this project for each of the 104 stations incorporated in the network. The computed velocities were compared to the ITRF2008 published velocities and a RMS of the post t residuals of 0.4, 0.4 and 0.7 mm/yr for the North, East and Height were computed respectively. This RMS is of similar magnitude to the WRMS of the post t velocity residuals in computing transformation parameters from ITRF2005 to ITRF2008, suggesting that the threshold of ITRF2008 velocity precision has been obtained. The resultant Euler vector was scrutinised on three fronts: an Euler vector rep- resenting the geographical extent of South Africa, an Euler vector in which the height velocity was minimised to zero and an Euler vector representing the North East Region of South Africa. All computed Euler vectors are consistent, suggesting a uniform South African GPS velocity field. The Euler vector representative of South Africa's uniform velocity field has an angular velocity of 0.273 deg/Myr, with a pole of rotation at lat 50.85 and long -82.83 degrees and is consistent with the Euler vectors computed by Altamimi et al. (2012) and Malservisi et al. (2013) for Africa and South Africa respectively. The consistency of the Euler vector suggests that South Africa is underlain by a single plate (i.e. the Nubian Plate), and that the East African Rift valley does not extend into South Africa. Hence, for future tectonic studies and long term reference frame solutions, stations such as HARB, HRAO and RBAY should be included, as they are not located in deformation zones.
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De, Swardt Ignatius P. "Die koloniale manifestasie van die Neo-Gotiese kerkboustyl op die Tuinroete van Suid-Afrika". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/79867.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: During the 12th century the Ab Suger, a church leader from near Paris in France, initiated a new approach to church architecture, the Gothic style. He diverted from the existing traditions and utilized pointed arches as one of the basic components of the new style. Pointed arches, unlike normal arches, distribute load-carrying weight not only downwards, as normal arches do, but also sideways. Strategically placed flying buttresses can help neutralize the thrust to the sides and reduce the weight on walls. Walls no longer had to be massive and it became possible to utilize big parts of the walls for windows, which were filled with brightly coloured glass. The style deliberately made use of height and enclosed spaces as a design element, to an extent unknown until that time. For some four centuries cathedrals in this style were built all over Europe, before the style was replaced with the coming of the Renaissance. The 19th century saw the coming of a style of Gothic Revival. New building materials had become available and there were fundamental differences between the original Gothic style and the Neo-Gothic (or Gothic Revival) style. In some instances elements of the original style lost their functions and were applied in a purely decorative function in the Gothic Revival style. With the colonization of Africa, the Neo-Gothic style came to South Africa. It took root locally and became part of South African church architecture. Local conditions required that some adaptations be made and several varieties of the Neo-Gothic style became part of the South African architectural landscape. Many church buildings were constructed in South Africa in this style during the last century and a half. The ones older than sixty years enjoy some measure of protection under current legislation relating to heritage conservation. It became evident that within the variety of Neo-Gothic idioms a number of churches have become so simplified that only some characteristics of the style have remained. Throughout the study it was indicated how the significance of a building and its architectural style also impact on the non-material culture of a community.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Gedurende die 12de eeu het ab Suger, ‘n kerkleier van naby Parys in Frankryk, met ‘n nuwe benadering tot kerkargitektuur na vore gekom wat later as die Gotiese styl sou bekend staan. Hy het afgewyk van bestaande tradisies en gebruike in verband met kerkargitektuur. Deur die aanwending van spitsboë is die afwaartse druk van ‘n kerk se dak gedeeltelik na buite verplaas, in plek van alles na onder. Strategies geplaasde boogstutte het die sywaartse druk geneutraliseer. Hierdie boumetode is saam met die gebruik van geribde gewelwe gebruik om die druk in so ‘n mate van symure af te haal dat die mure nie meer dik en sterk moes wees nie en dit moontlik was om groot dele van die mure met vensters van gekleurde glas te vul. Die nuwe styl het ingeslote ruimtes en hoë gewelwe gehad soos die Middeleeuse mens nog nie vantevore geken het nie. Vir sowat vier eeue lank het katedrale in dié styl oral oor Europa opgeskiet, totdat dit met die koms van die Renaissance deur ander style vervang is. In die 19de eeu het daar ‘n herlewing in die Gotiese styl gekom. Beter boumateriale was beskikbaar en die Gotiese Herlewingstyl het in sommige opsigte groot verskille met die oorspronklike getoon. Van die Gotiese boustyl se komponente is aangepas om totaal ander funksies te vervul. Verskeie aspekte van die Gotiese styl is slegs behou as versiering. Met die kolonisasie van Afrika het die Gotiese Herlewingstyl na Suid-Afrika gekom. Die styl het posgevat en versprei in Suid-Afrika maar plaaslike omstandighede het aanpassings daarvan genoodsaak en etlike variasies op die Neo-Gotiese tema het na vore gekom. ‘n Groot aantal kerke is in die afgelope anderhalf eeu in Suid-Afrika in hierdie styl gebou. Sommiges daarvan geniet ‘n mate van beskerming ingevolge Suid-Afrika se bewaringswetgewing. Hierdie studie fokus op kerkgeboue met Neo-Gotiese stylkenmerke in ‘n bepaalde geografiese gebied in Suid-Afrika. Daar is bevind dat van die variasies op die Neo-Gotiese styl so vereenvoudig het, dat daar slegs enkele stylkenmerke by hulle oorgebly het. Deurgaans is aangedui op watter wyse die betekenis van die kerkgebou en die styl daarvan ook die nie-tasbare kultuur van ‘n gemeenskap geraak het.
35
Van, der Linde Willemina, e Willemina Dorfling. "Die neerslag van Art Deco in Suid-Afrika as manifestasie van 'n internasionale tydgees en styl, met spesifieke verwysing na die argitektuur". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51716.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2000.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The term Art Deco is derived from the renowned 1925 exhibition that took place in Paris, France namely L'Exposition des Arts Decoratifs et Industriels Modernes and only came about in 1966. It refers to the style that developed during the 1920's and reached a climax in the 1930's. Art Deco was a modernistic style and part of the Modern Movement. Many transformations, mixtures and ramifications of the style exist. The appearance of the style ranged from the avant garde to the classic. It was a complete and total style that manifested in diverse areas of the material and spiritual culture, for example furniture design, clothing, motor design and especially in architecture. The era between the two World Wars was characterised by a vast technological progress which was put to use in creating Art Deco products. The era was distinguished by new materials and building methods that reflected the modernistic time spirit. The roaring twenties was the age of the emancipated woman, known as the flapper and the age of cocktail parties, jazz and Charleston. It was an exciting era where man attempts to escape the sorrows of the previous world war. Art Deco was the prevailing style in architecture during the 1920's and 1930's. It was the style that was applied in architecture in Europa, Asia, Britain, America, New Zealand, Australia, Africa and particularly in South Africa. The most outstanding feature identifying Art Deco buildings was the emphasised verticality in facades. Further features of Art Deco buildings are the features of horizontality and curved lines and rounded corners which created a streamlined appearance. Ship style elements such as porthole windows and ship rails that showed an influence of expressionism were commonly used in Art Deco architecture. The ziggurat shape or stepped back building masses was used frequently. Geometrical shapes, parapets, flat roofs and the zigzag chevron motive were incorporated in designs. The Art Deco-style manifested in all areas of the South African architecture during the applicable Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za/ years. It embraced public, commercial, residential, entertainment, sport and recreational, ecclesiastical, industrial buildings and monuments. Although South African buildings often were of smaller format, they were fully fledged Art Deco buildings within the context of an international style. South African Art Deco buildings often had their own character due to local building materials such as South African marble and sandstone. South African architecture made its mark on the style of the ornamentation by the usage of local fauna and flora as decorative motifs. A definite manifestation of the Art Deco style occurred in South African architecture as an international style. South African Deco occupies a special place within the international Art Deco style, because of the contribution of the predominant local character.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die term Art Deco is afgelei van die wereldbekende 1925-uitstalling wat in Parys, Frankryk plaasgevind het, naamlik L'Exposition des Arts Decoratifs et Industriels Modernes, en het eers in 1966 in gebruik gekom. Dit verwys na die styl wat gedurende die 1920's ontwikkel het en 'n hoogtepunt in die 1930's bereik het. Art Deco is 'n modemistiese styl en vorm deel van die Modeme Beweging. Daar bestaan vele vervormings, vermengings en vertakkings van die styl. Die gedaantes wat die styl aangeneem het, het van die avant-garde na die klassieke gewissel. Dit was 'n volkome of totale styl wat op diverse terreine van die stoflike en geestelike kultuur tot uiting gekom het, byvoorbeeld in meubelontwerp, kleredrag, motorontwerp en veral ook in die argitektuur. Die tydperk tussen die twee wereldoorloe was tekenend van snelle vooruitgang op tegnologiese gebied, wat aangewend is om Art Deco-produkte te vervaardig. Die era is gekenmerk deur nuwe materiale en boumetodes wat die modemistiese gees van die tyd weerspieel het. Die roaring twenties was die era van die geemansipeerde vrou, bekend as die flapper en die era van skemerpartytjies, jazz en Charleston. Dit was 'n opwindende era waarin die mens van die ellendes van die voorafgaande Wereldoorlog probeer wegkom het. Gedurende die 1920's en 1930's is die Art Deco-styl in argitektuur in Europa, Asie, Brittanje, Amerika, Nieu-Seeland, Australia, Afrika en in die besonder in Suid-Afrika aangewend. Die belangrikste kenmerk waaraan Art Deco-geboue geidentifiseer kan word, is die van beklemtoonde vertikaliteit in fasades. Verskeie kenmerke waaraan Art Decogeboue gekenmerk word is die elemente van horisontaliteit, geronde hoeke en lyne wat 'n vaartbelynde voorkoms skep. Skeepsstyl-elemente soos die van patryspoortvensters en skeepsrelings wat 'n invloed van ekspressionisme toon, was algemeen in Art Decoargitektuur. Die ziggoeratvorm of trapvormige terugplasing van boumassas is vrylik gebruik. Geometriese vorms, borswerings, platdakke en die sigsag chevronmotief is in die meeste Art Deco-ontwerpe geinkorporeer. Die Art Deco-styl het op alle terreine van die Suid-Afrikaanse argitektuur gedurende die toepaslike jare 'n neerslag gevind. Dit sluit openbare, kommersiele, residensiele, vermaaklikheids-, sport en ontspanning, kerklike, industriele geboue en monumente in. Alhoewel Suid-Afrikaanse geboue dikwels 'n kleiner formaat as oorsese geboue aangeneem het, was dit volwaardige Art Deco-geboue binne die konteks van 'n internasionale styl. Plaaslik het die styl wel 'n eie karakter aangeneem, veral weens die gebruik van plaaslike boumateriale soos marmer en sandsteen. Ook wat die omamentele aspek betref, het Suid-Afrikaanse argitektuur sy eie stempel op die styl afgedruk aangesien Suid-Afrikaanse flora en fauna as versieringsmotiewe gebruik is. Daar het 'n definitiewe neerslag van die Art Deco-styl in Suid-Afrikaanse argitektuur plaasgevind, wat dit onbetwisbaar 'n manifestasie van 'n internasionale styl maak. Suid- Vfrikaanse Deco neem 'n besondere plek binne die internasionale Art Deco-styl in, waartoe die besondere plaaslike karakter baie bydra.
36
Lombard, Donovan Joseph. "Facies architecture and reservoir quality of Unit B, Permian Laingsburg Formation, southwestern Karoo Basin, South Africa". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/9989.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.This study presents a facies outcrop characterization and petrographical analysis of Unit B of the Permian Laingsburg Formation. Unit B is interpreted as a base-ofslope system, which represents a strikingly sand-rich succession. The base-of-slope system is defined by a channel-levee complex. The study provides systematically a clear understanding and description on reservoir heterogeneities, in terms of facies distribution, physical processes and architectural elements. The dataset included detailed sedimentary logs, photomosaic interpretations, supplemented by a petrographical study to determine the textural and compositional attributes of the studied sandstones. Seven lithofacies was recognised within Unit B, based on detail observation and description on grain size and sedimentary structures. They mainly consist of 1) thick to massive bedded ‘structureless’ sandstone, 2) horizontal and ripple cross-laminated thin-medium bedded sandstone, 3) silty sandstone, 4) structureless siltstone, 5) hemipelagic mudstone, 6) muddy slump, and 7) sandy slump. Palaeocurrent analysis indicates that the mean sediment transport direction of Unit B was to the E and NE. Lithofacies 1 comprises thickly to massive bedded, frequently amalgamated, mostly very-fined grained sand, mixed grading, irregular to sharp upper contacts, structured upper bedding planes, large floating mudstone clasts and granules, rare groove and flute casts. Also, scour and fill features have been documented. Lithofacies 1 has been interpreted to result from channelized sandy debris flow currents. Lithofacies 2 composes of thin-medium bedded, very fine-grained sand, ungraded, sharp upper contacts, discrete units with traction bed forms, horizontal and cross-lamination, mud-draped ripples, internal erosional surfaces and preserved crests. Lithofacies 2 shows diagnostic sedimentary features for a deep-water bottom reworking current. Lithofacies 5 composes of very fine–grained mud, ‘structureless’ to finely horizontally laminated, fissile mudstone. Deposition resulted from suspension settling of mud fractions out of a low-energy buoyant plume. Lithofacies 6 composes of contorted and convoluted bedding, steeply dipping layers and irregular upper contacts. Deposition occurred via slumping on an unstable slope. Lithofacies 7 composes of fine–grained ‘structureless’ sandstone, amalgamated units, with dark floating mudstone granules. Lithofacies 7 has been interpreted to form from channelized flows evolving into slump deposition on an unstable slope. The petrographic data reveals that the reservoir quality of the sandstones is strongly controlled by depositional processes and diagenetic products. The sediments of the Karoo Basin appear to be diagenetically controlled as a function of burial depth. The major diagenetic products controlling the reservoir quality of the sandstones, includes compaction (mechanical and chemical), and authigenic porefilling constituents (quartz cement, feldspar dissolution and partial to complete replacement, calcite cement, chlorite and illite). Compaction played a major role in the evolution of the sediment, as compared to the effect of quartz cementation, and is considered here to have caused irreversible destruction of depositional porosity and permeability. The sediment has undergone intense mechanical compaction during early-stage diagenesis, low temperature and shallow depth of burial (probably the first 2 km). The high burial palaeotemperature (250 ± 500C) or more specifically the high geothermal gradient of the Karoo Basin consequently increased the number of diagenetic reactions. The high burial temperatures may have increased pressure dissolution and quartz cementation. With compaction been limited, quartz cementation and the authigenesis of chlorite and illite at deeper depths may have had a profound effect on the permeability distribution of the studied sandstones. After the completion of diagenesis, the pore systems of these sandstones were completely destroyed by low-grade regional burial metamorphism.
37
Riep, David Matthew Merkel. "House of the Crocodile: south Sotho art and history in southern Africa". Diss., University of Iowa, 2011. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2616.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The inability to attribute art objects to the Basotho culture remains a problem for art historians and anthropologists alike. Current publications on the arts of Africa include few, if any, objects attributed to South Sotho-speakers, and often attribute Basotho objects under the broad label of "southern African," rather than linking them to artists from this particular culture. This is largely due to a lack of research on Basotho arts and culture, as well as the widespread belief that the cultures of the region are simply too enmeshed with one another for the arts to be distinguished. However, it is important that we be able to tell the art of one African people from another if we are ever to understand accurately how art expresses peoples' ideas and beliefs about themselves and the world in which they live. Through this project I challenge the label of "southern Africa" that is so often used in attributing art objects from the region, and develop a definitive system of identification for Basotho objects. This system differentiates Basotho arts from works produced by other cultures in southern Africa, and produces the first all-inclusive anthology of South Sotho art history. While my work first and foremost demonstrates the existence of a unique and identifiable Basotho visual style, it also investigates the roles that stylistic characteristics have played in the presentation of southern Sotho identity beginning with the formation of the Basotho polity 200 years ago. Furthermore I identify the contextual and cultural significance of an entire range of Basotho forms, generating a better understanding of Basotho art and culture.
In order to complete this, I use a Morellian approach to identify and define the unique and specific visual aspects found among Basotho arts. This type of analysis is based solely on the external physical characteristics of a work of art, and focuses on the identification of similarities and differences within a group of objects. The resulting data provides a taxonomy for the classification of cultural, regional, and local styles through the isolation of the visual aspects of individual objects. However, because the Morellian methodology takes a morphological approach, I use historical literature and contemporary interviews to connect the function and social context to the objects in order truly to develop an art history of the Basotho. Through this analysis, I identify visual aspects that are unique to southern Sotho arts, and further locate visual signs that assert one's specific clan lineage within the broad "southern Sotho" cultural grouping. This allows me to clearly define the meaning and significance of the "Basotho" cultural moniker, and develop a nuanced understanding of identity amongst southern Sotho peoples.
38
Raath, Johannes Jacobus. "Oorsprong en manifestasie van die Suid-Afrikaanse hartbees- of dakhuis : 'n kultuurhistoriese studie (Afrikaans)". Diss., 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/30478.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AFRIKAANS: Hierdie verhandeling is ‘n studie van hartbees- of dakhuise, wat van 1652 tot in die 20ste eeu in Suid-Afrika voorgekom het. Jan van Rie¬beeck en sy gesin het aanvanklik (1652) in ‘n tydelike dakhuis in Tafelbaai gewoon. Dakhuise is deur die vee- en Trekboere, asook die Voortrekkers na die uithoeke van die land versprei. Die gevolgtrekking waartoe deur die studie gekom word is, dat die begrip hartbeeshuis dakhuise, ontwikkelde dakhuise en (lang)muurhuise vir tydelike bewoning insluit. Die dakraamwerk van die bootvormige dakhuis het uit ‘n vurkondersteunde-nokpaalkonstruksie bestaan. Drie dakraamtipes het by die wigvormige dakhuis voorgekom, naamlik die gaffelsuilondersteunde-nokpaalkonstruksie, vurkondersteunde-nokpaalkonstruksie en die kapstylraamwerk. Geen bewyse ter ondersteuning van die bestaande teorie oor die oor¬sprong van die term hartbeeshuis kon gevind word nie. Tydgenootlike getuienis het tot die gevolgtrekking gelei dat die oorsprong van die term hartbeeshuis met die vorm van die inheemse boksoort, die hartbees verband hou. Die Suid-Afrikaanse dakhuise toon direkte ooreenkomste met die millennia-oue Wes-Europese dakhuistradisie, waarvan die vorm en konstruksie ten spyte van geografiese verskille min of geensins verander het nie. Die lande van oorsprong en die prototipes word aangewys, waarna die Suid-Afrikaanse eweknie ten opsigte van die vorm, materiaal en konstruksie - met in beg rip van streekverskille - beskryf word. In die slotbeskouing word die betekenis van die dakhuis as Westerse woning, asook die bewaring daarvan kortliks in oënskou geneem. ENGLISH: The study focuses on the history of the South African hartbeeshuis or roof dwelling dating from 1652 well into the 20th century. For the first few months in Table Bay, Jan van Riebeeck and his family had to reside in a temporary roof dwelling. Roof dwellings were distributed through South Africa by the migrating stock-and cattle-farmers and eventually by the Voortrekkers. The conclusion of the study is that the concept hartbeeshuis refers to roof dwellings, developed roof dwellings and the temporary long walled house. The roof structure of the boat-shaped roof house consisted of a primary tong-support. The framework of the wedge-shaped roof dwelling takes one of three forms: it may consist of two forked uprights carrying a ridge tree against which the sides lean; it may consist of two pairs of sloping poles which cross at the apex to carry the ridge tree; or it may consist of a series of paired couples. No evidence could be found to support any of the existing theories regarding the origin of the term hartbeeshuis. Contemporary evidence confirms that the term is associated with the shape of the indigenous antelope, the hartbees. The South African roof dwelling correlate with the oldest building traditions in Western Europe. In South Africa, the basic shape and construction of the roof have only experienced little changes on a regional level. The various prototypes and the countries of origin are highlighted. The South African counterparts are described according to their shape, construction materials and technique. The study concludes with the significance of the roof dwelling as a Western dwelling type and the conservation thereof.Dissertation (MA (Cultural History))--University of Pretoria, 2007.
Historical and Heritage Studies
unrestricted
39
Whelan, Deborah. "The recent transmutation of the indigenous vernacular architecture of the people at Kwamthembu and Kwamchunu, Msinga district, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa". Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/2582.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The Msinga magisterial district, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa is notable because it has for many years been regarded socially as a pariah region by residents of the Province. Over the decades it has been a 'dumping ground' for people and cultures, an infertile land where gun-running, the illegal cultivation of marijuana, and continuous stock theft has relieved some of the abject poverty, but has also exacerbated the local incidence of faction fighting. However, the people of the area have responded to this ongoing social submission by reacting with creativity and colour in their clothing, cultural goods and homesteads. The cultural material of the district is, in my opinion, unsurpassed anywhere else in the Province, from the traditional interpretation of the Msinga dolls to the exuberant architecture of the contemporary homestead. The layout and elevational resolution of any type of vernacular homestead, defined by Oliver in the first chapter, is a result of a broad number of factors, most importantly resources in terms of materials, economy, climate and culture. The response of the people of Msinga in the Tugela Valley embraces all of these factors to produce a surprising resolution that distills a fresh response to the architectural depiction of a social emergence from the peasantry. The internationally acknowledged prominent form of Zulu architecture, the beehive hut, has been adequately documented in the past. Biermann, Walton and Knuffel carried out different levels of work on this building type from the 1950s onwards. Nowadays, dwindling natural resources in KwaZulu-Natal have resulted in the creation of a new set of vernacular architectures, responding to the environment and resources available, and reflecting the specific needs of the builders, from the expression of social and economic values, to the pragmatic reality of protection from 'political strife. On the one hand, the buildings. in the Msinga Valley are changing rapidly with the natural life course of each building. However, on the other, the development of new architectural styles with the continual building of new units within homesteads demonstrates a dynamic architectural and decorative tradition. The co-existence of the material cultures of Msinga and their architectural expression has to be documented and an attempt made at analysis. The threat of indigenous vemacular traditions disappearing at the expense of development is visible on the horizon. Regional planning initiatives are pressured to deliver houses and services on a large scale, which would be severely detrimental to the continuance of a vernacular architectural tradition. The architectural culture, although currently dynamic, is at risk, and thus begs for documentation. I aim to present the unique decorative tradition of Msinga as an architecture within the contexts of place and extant material culture. Adopting anything but a broad socio-cultural perspective in this case is both short-sighted and ill-focussed. The architecture of rural areas is a material culture that is embedded in the history, social and political struggles, and economic strife. Yet, in contrast with these negative influences, it demonstrates an exuberance that is continued in the other material cultures in Msinga. I begin with an overview, pull out the thread of Msinga as an area, then distil the material culture and, ultimately, the architecture and the decoration.Thesis (M.Arch.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2001.
40
Frescura, Franco. "The development of rural vernacular architecture in Southern Africa". Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/16763.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A dissertation submitted to
the Faculty of Architecture,
University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg
for the Degree of Master of Architecture,
October 1980The Southern African rural house form has over the years been subjected to a number of pressures of a cultural and technological nature. These have resulted in its evolution through a number of stages usually also involving the introduction of new materials and the development of new building technology. The links in evolution which exist between the one form and the next are discussed. The special role played by the 'fo u n d ' and natural m aterial in 'w attle and daub' and tra d itio n a l natch c o n s tru c tio n is stressed as, w he n n the case of som e m o d e rn squa; ?r settlem ents, th o s e b u ild in g m aterials cease to be available and substitutes, have to be found. Evolution and change in vernacular architecture have also involved the elem ents of w all d e c o ra tio n , social and c u ltu ra l values and the role of the house fo rm w ith in the e n v iro n m e n t. The va riou s types of rural se ttlem en t patterns in v o lv in g the h o u s e h o ld u n it and the c o m m u n ity as a w h o le are analyzed in b oth th e ir tr a d itio n a l and m o d e rn co n te x ts The final c o n c lu s io n a rrived at is that a lth o u g h rural v e rn a c u la r a rc h ite c tu re as a w h o le is a th re aten ed e le m e n t o f o u r e n v iro n m e n t, its continued existence may ultimately be guaranteed by the economic necessity of implementing low - technology self-help housing projects.
41
Adebayo, Miriam Oluwatoyin. "Freedom and unity in diversity : the role of architecture in the creation of an African Union centre". Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/2292.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Throughout the African continent several significant historical events occurred that partly influenced current problems in African societies. The Problems are economic underdevelopment, social crises, racism and internal conflicts. It explains the great need for an institution like the African Union (AU), which is working towards a common goal including all African peoples of selfempowerment in social economic, cultural and political terms. The selected history of the African continent is mainly concerned with Colonial Africa leading to contemporary period. The colonial part has left a mark on Africa that several movements such as the Pan-African movement, the Organization of African Unity (OAU) and today's African union attempted to create a union of Africa as a greater gain of emancipation on the comments of nations. Architecture is the main focus in this study, which through several precedents of traditional African settlements key principles are studied and highlighted. The colonial era in Africa has left a great mark in African societies in adapting their planning principles and architectural structures which are still visible today. During this time architecture identifying Africa has been neglected and in current year it has been reintegrated. Examples of current trends of architecture in Africa are examined, which are a fusion of traditional elements and ideologies and current technologies. The aim is to find an architectural approach which synthesizes African elements and creates a new African identity in the common goal of the African Union. The intention of the study is to understand the principles of African elements and to give a holistic understanding of African architecture. The case study area is Durban, a place of multiplicity in cultures and architectural styles which can become the host for the AU center and its expression of unity and diversity.Thesis (M.Arch.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2006.
42
Thakur, Surendra. "System architecture for secure mobile internet voting". Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/1393.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Technology: Information Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2015.This thesis focuses on the development of an enhanced innovative secure mobile Internet voting system architecture that offers desirable security requirements to theoretically mitigate some of the intrinsic administrative and logistical challenges of voting, inter alia lack of mobility support for voters, voter inconvenience, election misconduct, and possible voter coercion often associated with the conventional poll-site voting system. Systems in existence have tended to revolve around the need to provide ubiquitous voting, but lack adequate control mechanism to address, in particular, the important security requirement of controlling possible coercion in ubiquitous voting. The research work reported in this thesis improves upon a well-developed Sensus reference architecture. It does so by leveraging the auto-coupling capability of near field communication, as well as the intrinsic merits of global positioning system, voice biometric authentication, and computational intelligence techniques. The leveraging of the combination of these features provides a theoretical mitigation of some of the security challenges inherent in electoral systems previously alluded to. This leveraging also offers a more pragmatic approach to ensuring high level, secure, mobile Internet voting such as voter authentication. Experiments were performed using spectral features for realising the voice biometric based authentication of the system architecture developed. The spectral features investigated include Mel-frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC), Mel-frequency Discrete Wavelet Coefficients (MFDWC), Linear Predictive Cepstral Coefficients (LPCC), and Spectral Histogram of Oriented Gradients (SHOG). The MFCC, MFDWC and LPCC usually have higher dimensions that oftentimes lead to high computational complexity of the pattern matching algorithms in automatic speaker authentication systems. In this study, higher dimensions of each of the features were reduced per speaker using Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) algorithm, while neural network ensemble was utilised as the pattern-matching algorithm. Out of the four spectral features investigated, the LPCC-HOG gave the best statistical results with an R statistic of 0.9257 and Mean Square Error of 0.0361. These compact LPCC-HOG features are highly promising for implementing the authentication module of the secure mobile Internet voting system architecture reported in this thesis.
D
43
Coetzee, Anton. "Postmodern aesthetic theory with reference to South African architecture". Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/16518.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The aim of this dissertation is the study of postmodern
aesthetic theory, as it relates to architecture. Because it
was not clear at the outset if the postmodern discourse were
relevant to architecture in South Africa, examples in this
country will he discussed.
Dealing, as it does, with the study of aesthetic
theory, the discussion of buildings and the criticism of
buildings are not the primary' objectives of this study,
although the importance of making arguments applicable to
actual buildings as examples is acknowledged.
Broad principles in the theory of postmodernism are
dealt with first, namely the shifts that have occurred on
economic and cultural levels in Western societies during the
last three decades. The re-evaluation of Western-culture is
discussed, as it relates to the criticism of the
Enlightenment tradition and positivism by pragmatist
philosophy and the Frankfurt School. In chapter four, which
deals with 'culture industry*, then observation that cultural
goods are becoming consumer commodities, and the diminishing
gap between 'high art' and popular culture, are discussed.
44
Coetzee, Riaan. "Corporate entrepreneurial behaviour, organisational architecture and the entrepreneurial process". Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/23092.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A research report submitted to the Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management, University of the Witwatersrand, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Management, specialising in Entrepreneurship and New Venture Creation
Johannesburg, 2016The prominence of international entrepreneurship in the global economy is of great importance and interest to researchers, entrepreneurs and governments alike. International business and accelerated internationalisation focus on multinational companies as well as entrepreneurial ventures for growth and innovative collaborations across borders in the global environment. The dominant logic for any corporate organisation today is to ensure that it facilitates and fosters an ecosystem that is conducive to innovation. The concept of generating opportunity through creativity and exploiting it with innovation, has proved to be extremely difficult, yet valuable. Innovation and control systems balance each other to ensure a pro-entrepreneurial organisational climate. Corporate entrepreneurship (CE) has received substantial attention in entrepreneurship research, which expands and develops a cumulative body of knowledge. The CE strategy is conceptualised by identifying key principles and components. This research is formulated to investigate the pro-entrepreneurial organisational architecture, as well as the entrepreneurial process and behaviour that individually and collectively encourage entrepreneurial orientation (EO). The relationships between the identified variables and moderators in a bank in the financial sector of South Africa are measured. Stevenson’s (1983) dimensions of entrepreneurial management, defined as a set of opportunity-based constructs, was measured by the EM measurement scale. Entrepreneurial orientation (EO) was assessed with the Miller/Covin- Slevin scale and linked to the entrepreneurial or innovative process of the company. Analysis of 178 samples (n=2229) indicated positive relationships between the variables, confirming theories in literature on the effects or predictions of the elements in the CE strategy on each other. The effect of success or failure in implementation indicated no moderating effect. Recommendations to address in future research are suggested.
MT2017
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Barbeau, Paulette. "The architecture of science centres : recommendations for Durban, South Africa". Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/9445.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Under apartheid in South Africa a large portion of our society was been denied access to
science education. This has led to a generally low public understanding of science and a
poor scientific skills level, which has a negative impact on our country's economic growth.
In a world that is increasingly hi-tech and relies on technology for day-to-day living, this lack
in science knowledge and technology is alarming (The Presidency, 2006:9). A poor
knowledge of science hampers people's ability to actively participate in a democratic
society and produces a future generation that is scientifically illiterate. A large part of our
population needs to be more scientifically literate but this situation cannot be rectified by
purely improving school science education. For this reason the Department of Science and
Technology has proposed a network of science centres across South Africa. This network
consists of flagship science centres in all the major cities, which support smaller science
centres in outlying areas. The aim is to increase people's access to science and technology
in a non-threatening environment that appeals to all ages.
The purpose of this research is to look at the method proposed by the Department of
Science and Technology to improve the current situation - a network of science centres.
The research investigates the philosophies and aims of science centres and the
architectural responses necessary to accommodate these. This study focuses on the
architectural response of a science centre for Durban. The aim of the study is to generate
architectural recommendations to guide and inform the design of a science centre for
Durban.Thesis (M.Arch)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2008.
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Millar, Matthew. "Language, identity and the role of architecture as across- cultural mediator". Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8885.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
M.Tech. (Architectural Technology)This thesis deals with the reappropriation of an existing parking garage into a language institute at Constitution Hill. Through the generation of a flu id conversation between architecture and people this thesis aims to address the underlying social miscommunication present within South African society through a socially motivated architectural manifestation. The underlining aim of this thesis will be the generation of a socially orientated architectural platform that allows and encourages cross-pollination. This architectural platform will revolve around and investigate the many opportunities that language offers asa social mediator and how these opportunities can aid in the democratization of identity generation. This new approach will be more representative of the complex multicultural society that is present within South Africa and as a result will end up being more democratic in nature.
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Mcwabeni-Pingo, Lulekwa Gretta. "A conceptualized data architecture framework for a South African banking service". 2014. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001584.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
M. Tech. Business Information SystemsCurrently there is a high demand in the banking environment for real time delivery of consistent, quality data for operational information. South African banks have the fastest growing use and demand for quality data; however, the bank still experiences data management related challenges and issues. It is argued that the existing challenges may be leveraged by having a sound data architecture framework. To this point, this study sought to address the data problem by theoretically conceptualizing a data architecture framework that may subsequently be used as a guide to improve data management. The purpose of the study was to explore and describe how data management challenges could be improved through Data Architecture.
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Modikoane, Lebogang. "Peripheries: the role Architecture plays in creating resilient societies". Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/21481.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The basis for this dissertation is to seek and develop a sustainable model that will
encourage social sectors to thrive and be re-energised into sustainable, selfsufficient
entities. It will explore the role architecture plays in creating resilient
societies as well as how, through positive interventions, architects can become
re-generative catalysts to provide stability, security, healthy environments and
overall well-being. The aim is to design a catalytic educational development
in an under-developed area to test how when planning holistically, Architects
and their architecture, can inject growth and development in challenged social
environments. Using Resilience as a focal lens, ideas of Place Making, Education
and Society, encapsulated in Economy, this dissertation will demonstrate how
a positive intervention can ultimately lead to a homogeneous resilient place
and society.
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Hadfield, Carla Evelyn. "Palimpsest: memory in layers/layers in architecture". Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/23033.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree of Master of Architecture (Professional) to the Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, School of Architecture and Planning at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2017Throughout history, people have remembered their past through the dissemination of knowledge from one generation to the next. This transfer of ideas, history, culture and identity allows for the continuation of narrative to transcend the bounds of time and contribute to a rich memory landscape, that cultivates a unified perception of community memory. This is in turn, directly translated into the physical landscape. Architecture becomes the physical attribute of shared identity, and creates spaces where new memories can be made and the past, remembered. This idea of remembering and creating contextual memory is thus relevant to all people and communities, as it is a core principle in creating consensual outlooks. This premise permeates into the exploration that memory, as a passive device of remembering and an active node of creation and education, is a unifying agent within a community and is directly related to the surrounding architectural space. Cultivating the question of whether there is a correlation between memory and the architectural spaces in which it is created, and to what extent they influence each other? The investigation examines the various facets of memory and recall processes that affect the architectural landscape and in turn shape human perceptions surrounding it. This interplay between memory, architectural memory and human memory is a layered discourse that ultimately resulted in the finding that architecture and memory are linked in the way people remember and use space. The historically rich memory landscape of Fordsburg became the apt site choice which allowed these ideas to grow into an architectural response. This culminated into the idea of combining preschool and exhibition typologies, with specific allowances for photographic and community spaces. These programmes were unified through their relation to memory and the spaces in which they occur. The aim was to unify these programmes and create a space which encouraged learning and community integration, whilst commemorating the history and memory of the past in a dynamic and linked manner. The building aims at creating a positive architectural addition to Fordsburg by addressing the need for education within the community, whilst architecturally responding to facets of the past through the adaptation of the Lilian Road Art Studios, creating a palimpsest of built fabric that speaks to the continuation of memory making in architectural environments. This investigation and resulting building have demonstrated that architecture and memory are linked, and although this may not be the only way to link the two in a manner that speaks to the past, present and future is a response that amply describes the parameters in which they can occur.
GR2017
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Hunt, Miranda. "The watchers of the woods architecture for the conservation of South Africa's wildlife". Thesis, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/28066.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This document is submitted in partial fulfillment for the degree: Master of Architecture (Professional) at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, 2018Through increased urbanisation and industrialisation, the human species has become separated from the natural world, valuing the environment only as far as it is useful to us. Society has become used to living through a human-centric view that places humans above all other natural beings. The destructive nature of this perspective is visible to us in the rapid depletion of our natural resources and, perhaps most alarmingly, the increasing amount of species driven to extinction and endangerment by the destruction of natural habitats. As we are now beginning to see the harmful effect this view has had on the natural world, it is necessary for society to change the way we interact with the natural world. We need to begin to act not only for the good of ourselves, but with the good of all living beings in mind. A shift in perspective is needed that places the human species into the natural world as an equal part of the system rather than a being of superior importance. In order to achieve this shift, we must understand our role as an integrated part of our surrounding natural ecosystems. The Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Centre for Conservation is proposed as a centre devoted to conservation biology research placed within the Hluhluwe-iMfolozi National Park in order to promote the easy access of researchers, South African and international, to this rich natural ecosystem. Its aim is to enable researchers to make use of the unique opportunities this protected environment offers in understanding the rise and fall of plant and animal species and thus to further understand how to increase and protect the biodiversity of this country. As well as this, the Centre for Conservation aims to showcase a method of building that is in no way harmful to the surrounding sensitive landscape and that functions as a part of the ecosystem, thus displaying to visitors how humans can interact with their natural environment in a symbiotic relationship and promoting a deeper care and respect for the natural world
MT 2019