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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Vibrio cholerae"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 25 luglio 2025

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1

Daniszewski, Piotr. "Vibrio cholerae - As Biological Weapons." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 9 (September 2013): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.9.65.

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Terrorism is defined as use of unlawful violence or threat of unlawful violence to indulge fear; intended to coerce or to intimidate governments or societies in the pursuit of goals that are generally political, social or religious. Bioterrorism is terrorism by intentional release or dissemination of biological agents, mainly bacteria or viruses. Use of biological weapons is attractive from the terrorists’ point of view because of low production costs, major range and easiness of transmission. The first mention of the use of primitive biological weapons date back to the 6th century. Use of pla

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2

Savelieva, I. V., A. N. Kulichenko, V. N. Saveliev, et al. "MLVA-TYPING OF CLINICAL STAMPS OF GENETICALLY CHANGED VIBRIO CHOLERAE BIOTYPE EL TOR INSULATED IN RUSSIA AND UKRAINE IN THE PERIOD OF SEVENTH PANDEMIC CHOLERA." Journal of microbiology epidemiology immunobiology, no. 6 (December 28, 2018): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-2018-6-37-43.

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Aim. Conduct in a comparative aspect MLVA-typing of genetically altered cholera vibrio biovar El Tor, isolated from patients during the epidemic (1994) and outbreaks (1993, 1998) in Dagestan with isolates in Mariupol (Ukraine) in 1994-2011 in Moscow (2010, 2012), India (1964, 2006, 2007), Bangladesh 1991, 1994, 2001, 2004) and to establish Phylogenetic connections between strains of cholera vibrios isolated in different years in these territories, to ascertain the source of their drift. Materials and methods. MLVA-tyP-ing was carried out in PCR at 5 variable loci of 35 clinical strains of gene

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3

Ntema, V. M., N. Potgieter, and T. G. Barnard. "Detection of Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus by molecular and culture based methods from source water to household container-stored water at the point-of-use in South African rural communities." Water Science and Technology 61, no. 12 (2010): 3091–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.222.

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Detection methods for Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus which included the culture based approach with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmation, PCR detection without enrichment and PCR with a pre-enrichment were developed and their performance evaluated. PCR assays targeted the SodB (V. cholerae species), Flae (V. parahaemolyticus species), 16S rRNA (Vibrio and Enterobacteriacea species) genes (Multiplex 1) and V. cholerae O1 and V. cholerae O139 rfb genes, ctxA (cholera toxin) gene and 16S rRNA gene (Multiplex 2). These methods were used to determine the occurrence of selected

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4

Savelieva, I. V., S. N. Tikhonov, V. N. Saveliev, et al. "RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF BIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR-GENETIC PROPERTIES OF STRAINS - CAUSATIVE AGENTS OF CHOLERA - ISOLATED IN UKRAINE IN 1994 - 2011." Journal of microbiology epidemiology immunobiology, no. 1 (February 28, 2017): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-2017-1-49-55.

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Aim. Retrospective analysis of biological and molecular-genetic properties of strains - causative agents of cholera - isolated in the period of epidemics in Ukraine in 1994 - 2011. Materials and methods. Phenotypic and molecular-genetic properties of 5 strains of cholera vibrios, biovar El Tor isolated from cholera patients and 4 strains from the environmental samples were studied using traditional bacteriological and genetic methods. Detection of DNA for toxigenicity genes and genes characteristic for El Tor and classic biovar were carried out by PCR method using reagent kits «AmpliSens- Vibr

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5

Lomov, Yu M., N. R. Telesmanich, I. T. Andrusenko, E. A. Moskvitina, and O. A. Areshina. "PROPERTIES OF VIBRIO CHOLERAE STRAINS ISOLATED IN ASIA AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO THE STRAINS CIRCULATING IN OTHER CONTINENTS DURING THE SEVENTH CHOLERA PANDEMIC." Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases 17, no. 1 (2012): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/eid40654.

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The review deals with the properties of Vibrio cholerae (classical, El Tor, 0139, non-01/non-0139 strains) circulating worldwide during the seventh cholera pandemic. Particular attention is given to the variability in the cholera pathogen: the replacement of classical Vibrio cholerae by the El Tor biotype and subsequently the emergence of serogroup Vibrio cholerae 0139 and genetically altered El Tor Vibrio cholerae; the causes giving rise to these changes and spread of Vibrio cholera in the countries of the Asian continent. A large genetic variability found in Asian strains suggests that there

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6

Maurice Bilung, Lesley, Mintra Prommani Etriam, Ahmad Syatir Tahar, Teng Sing Tung, and Kasing Apun. "Detection of Cholera Toxin-Producing Vibrio cholerae in Phytoplankton from Santubong and Samariang Estuaries." Borneo Journal of Resource Science and Technology 9, no. 1 (2019): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/bjrst.1584.2019.

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Many cholera outbreaks worldwide were associated with cholera toxin-producing Vibrio cholerae. The bacteria are ubiquitous in aquatic environment, whilst phytoplankton is associated with adaptation of the Vibrio species. This study was conducted to detect cholera toxin-producing Vibrio cholerae, and to determine association of the selected water physicochemical parameters with the number of the bacteria. In this study, a total of ten phytoplankton samples were collected at Santubong and Samariang Estuaries in Kuching, Sarawak. Water physicochemical parameters (temperature, pH and salinity) wer

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7

Mushayabasa, Steady, and Claver P. Bhunu. "Assessing the Impact of Increasing Antimicrobial Resistance of Vibrio cholerae on the Future Trends of Cholera Epidemic." ISRN Biomathematics 2012 (December 4, 2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/127492.

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Cholera, an acute intestinal infection caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, remains a major public health problem in many parts of Africa, Asia, and Latin America. A mathematical model is developed, to assess the impact of increasing antimicrobial resistance of Vibrio cholerae on the future trends of the cholera epidemic. Equilibrium states of the model are determined and their stabilities have been examined. The impacts of increasing antimicrobial resistance of Vibrio cholerae on the future trends of cholera epidemic have been investigated through the reproductive number. Numerical result

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8

WONG, HIN-CHUNG, WAN-RU SHIEH, and YEONG-SHENG LEE. "Toxigenic Characterization of Vibrios Isolated from Foods Available in Taiwan." Journal of Food Protection 56, no. 11 (1993): 980–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-56.11.980.

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Several Vibrio species have been implicated in diarrheal diseases and wound infection, and some foods are important vehicles for these pathogens. A number of these vibrios isolated from food produced extracellular heat-labile or heat-stable hemolysin and cytotoxins, but only a few strains hybridized to nucleic acid probes of Shiga-like toxin, cholera toxin, or thermostable direct hemolysin. These vibrios also produced extracellular or cell-mediated mouse-lethal factors. The vibrios from foods may produce toxins not identical or related to the common toxins of Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae,

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9

Colwell, R. R., A. Huq, M. A. R. Chowdhury, B. Xu, and P. R. Brayton. "Serogroup conversion of Vibrio cholerae." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 41, no. 10 (1995): 946–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m95-131.

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Vibrio cholerae serogroup O1 can be detected in the environment in a viable but nonculturable form, whereas V. cholerae non-O1 cells can be readily cultured during interepidemic periods in geographical regions where cholera is endemic. In the present study, pure cultures of V. cholerae non-O1 cells contained 01 cells when examined by immune-fluorescence microscopy. Laboratory microcosms were used to examine the outgrowth of the O1 cells in cultures of non-O1 V. cholerae. One O1 cell per 106 non-O1 cells could be detected by direct fluorescent-monoclonal antibody staining but only after incubat

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10

Nasreen, Tania, Nora A. S. Hussain, Mohammad Tarequl Islam, et al. "Simultaneous Quantification of Vibrio metoecus and Vibrio cholerae with Its O1 Serogroup and Toxigenic Subpopulations in Environmental Reservoirs." Pathogens 9, no. 12 (2020): 1053. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9121053.

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Vibrio metoecus is a recently described aquatic bacterium and opportunistic pathogen, closely related to and often coexisting with Vibrio cholerae. To study the relative abundance and population dynamics of both species in aquatic environments of cholera-endemic and cholera-free regions, we developed a multiplex qPCR assay allowing simultaneous quantification of total V. metoecus and V. cholerae (including toxigenic and O1 serogroup) cells. The presence of V. metoecus was restricted to samples from regions that are not endemic for cholera, where it was found at 20% of the abundance of V. chole

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Tamplin, Mark L., Reema Jalali, Mohammed K. Ahmed, and Rita R. Colwell. "Variation in epitopes of the B subunit of Vibrio cholerae non-O1 and Vibrio mimicus cholera toxins." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 36, no. 6 (1990): 409–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m90-071.

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Monoclonal antibodies reacting with the B subunit of Vibrio cholerae O1 strain 569B cholera toxin (CT-B) were used to identify unique and common epitopes of V. cholerae non-O1 and Vibrio mimicus CT-B. Vibrio cholerae non-O1 strains produced CT-B showing three monoclonal antibody reaction patterns (epitypes), which corresponded with epitypes described previously for V. cholerae O1 classical biotype CT-B (CT1), El Tor biotype CT-B (CT2), and a unique V. cholerae non-O1 CT-B (CT3), which lacked an epitope located in or near the GM1 ganglioside binding site of 569B CT-B. Vibrio mimicus CT-B was im

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12

WONG, HIN-CHUNG, LI-LI CHEN, and CHUNG-MING YU. "Occurrence of Vibrios in Frozen Seafoods and Survival of Psychrotrophic Vibrio cholerae in Broth and Shrimp Homogenate at Low Temperatures." Journal of Food Protection 58, no. 3 (1995): 263–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-58.3.263.

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Pathogenic vibrios are important etiologic agents in tropical regions and have been frequently recovered from seafoods and aquacultured foods. In this study, commercially frozen seafoods including peeled shrimps and fish and shrimp dumplings were examined. Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio cholerae and Vibria fluvialis were recovered at 36.0%, 15.8%, 14.9% and 13.2%, respectively. A number of psychrotrophic vibrios were selected and their survival in tryptic soy broth (TSB) supplemented with 1% sodium chloride (NaCl) (TSBS medium) and shrimp homogenate at 4°C and −30°C were

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13

Vanden Broeck, Davy, Caroline Horvath, and Marc J. S. De Wolf. "Vibrio cholerae: Cholera toxin." International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology 39, no. 10 (2007): 1771–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2007.07.005.

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Agustanty, Adelia, and Andre Budi. "POLA RESISTENCY OF VIBRIO CHOLERAE BACTERIA TO THE ANTIBIOTIC CIPROFLOXACIN AND TETRACYCLINE." Journal Health & Science : Gorontalo Journal Health and Science Community 5, no. 3 (2022): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.35971/gojhes.v5i3.13611.

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Abstrak Diare merupakan kegiatan defekasi (buang air besar) yang biasanya berbentuk 1/2 padat atau cenderung lebih cair yang berlangsung lebih dari tiga kali sehari atau dalam waktu yang singkat, vibrio cholera adalah salah satu penyebabnya, bakteri ini merupakan bakteri gram negatif yang berbentuk koma galibnya masa inkubasi bakteri ini adalah 12-72 jam. Bakteri vibrio cholerae menyulut penyakit bakteri. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian laboratorium eksperimental dengan menggunakan arsip sampel bakteri vibrio cholerae dan cakram antibiotik ciprofloxacin. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetah

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Mumbumbu, Albert M., Zacharie K. Tsongo, Etienne A. Shindano, Théophile B. Kabesha, and Stanis O. Wembonyama. "Environmental and chemical determinants of contamination and survival of Vibrio cholerae in water sources in Bukavu in the Democratic Republic of the Congo." Health and Environment 5, no. 1 (2024): 246–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.25082/he.2024.01.002.

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Introduction: Cholera is endemo-epidemic in Bukavu. The aim of the study was to assess the environmental determinants of permanent contamination of spring and well water and to evaluate some of the chemical factors responsible for the persistence of Vibrio cholerae in water consumed by cholera patients.Methods: Conducted in the Bukavu health district from September 2020 to September 2021, this was a cross-sectional. The potential of hydrogen (pH) of the water was evaluated before comparing it with the survival of Vibrio cholerae. A total of 641 latrines, 92 water sources, and wells were survey

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Larionova, L. V., R. V. Pisanov, D. I. Simakova, A. N. Narkevich, and I. V. Arkhangel’skaya. "Polimeric Immunoglobulin Diagnosticum for Detection of Cholera Toxin and Assessing the Level of Its Production by Vibrios." Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections, no. 4 (January 26, 2022): 84–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21055/0370-1069-2021-4-84-89.

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A marker of the epidemic significance of Vibrio cholerae is their toxigenicity. Therefore, much attention is currently paid to the creation of diagnostic preparations for the detection of cholera toxin and assessment of the level of its production. The volumetric immunosuspension agglomeration reaction, carried out with the help of latex diagnosticums, is an analogue of the indirect hemagglutination reaction, an affordable and technically simple method, since it does not require special equipment and can be used when conducting research in the field. The aim of the study was to design a polyme

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LM, Leuva, Bhavsar TD, Rathod SD, et al. "Serotyping and Phage Typing of Vibrio cholerae Isolated AtTertiary Care Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat." BJKines National Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences 15, no. 02 (2023): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.56018/20231201.

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Introduction: Cholera continues to be a growing concern in most developing countries. Cholera is an acute diarrheal disease endemic in India. Yet there are few reliable population-based estimates of laboratory-confirmed cholera in endemic areas around the world. The aim of this hospital-based study was to isolate and serogrouping of Vibrio cholerae in patients with diarrhea at tertiary care hospital, Ahmedabad during January 2021 to July 2022. Material & Methods: A retrospective study involving cases of acute watery diarrhea was done during January 2021 to July 2022. All stool samples from

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LaRocque, Regina C., Bryan Krastins, Jason B. Harris, et al. "Proteomic Analysis of Vibrio cholerae in Human Stool." Infection and Immunity 76, no. 9 (2008): 4145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00585-08.

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ABSTRACT An effective vaccine for Vibrio cholerae is not yet available for use in the developing world, where the burden of cholera disease is highest. Characterizing the proteins that are expressed by V. cholerae in the human host environment may provide insight into the pathogenesis of cholera and assist with the development of an improved vaccine. We analyzed the V. cholerae proteins present in the stools of 32 patients with clinical cholera. The V. cholerae outer membrane porin, OmpU, was identified in all of the human stool samples, and many V. cholerae proteins were repeatedly identified

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Asaakrah, Kareema Helal Shnawa, and Hanaa Daaj Khalaf Al-Mozan. "Importance of Ompw gene to diagnose Vibrio cholerae isolated from stool and water samples." Romanian Journal of Infectious Diseases 27, no. 4 (2024): 302–9. https://doi.org/10.37897/rjid.2024.4.5.

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Background. Cholera is a severe acute watery diarrheal disease caused by O1 and O139 serogroup of Vibrio cholerae. The outer-membrane protein W (OmpW) a virulence factor, is involved in inducing protective immunity and triggering the immune response. The aim of this study is to find a rapid and accurate method for diagnosing Vibrio cholerae and investigate the possibility of OmpW gene to achieve this goal, and identify the effective antibiotic against this bacteria. Methods. The current study included 400 stool samples from patients who were suspected of having cholera and 50 samples of water

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Huq, Anwar, R. Bradley Sack, Azhar Nizam, et al. "Critical Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Vibrio cholerae in the Environment of Bangladesh." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, no. 8 (2005): 4645–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.8.4645-4654.2005.

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ABSTRACT The occurrence of outbreaks of cholera in Africa in 1970 and in Latin America in 1991, mainly in coastal communities, and the appearance of the new serotype Vibrio cholerae O139 in India and subsequently in Bangladesh have stimulated efforts to understand environmental factors influencing the growth and geographic distribution of epidemic Vibrio cholerae serotypes. Because of the severity of recent epidemics, cholera is now being considered by some infectious disease investigators as a “reemerging” disease, prompting new work on the ecology of vibrios. Epidemiological and ecological s

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Kadhim, Suadad, and Dhuha Saleh. "DETECTION OF SOME BACTERIAL CAUSES OF WATERY DIARRHEA IN THE PROVINCE OF BAGHDAD AND SOME NORTHERN GOVERNORATES WITH ASTUDY OF PATHOLOGICAL EFFECTS." Iraqi Journal of Science 53, no. 3 (2024): 536–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24996/iraqijournalofscience.v53i3.12753.

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The present study Investigate the study on the causes of diarrhea epidemic in the province of Baghdad and some northern governorates since been collected 140 stool samples of water of different ages for the period from the beginning of the month of October 2007 to the end of August 2008, after culture ,microscopic biochemical testing diagnosed (113) bacterial isolates was among them ( 66) isolation rate of (% 47.14) only belonging to Vibrios cholera, Vibrio cholerae are divided by (58) in a rate (% 87.87) and returned to the pattern under serum Inaba, and (5) isolates, a rate (% 7.57) and retu

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Ibarra Trujillo, Jimmy, Alvaro Delgado, and Débora Alvarado. "Vibrios no Epidémicos y Vibrio cholerae O1 Asociados a Enfermedad Diarreica Aguda. Evento Climatológico. "El Niño" - 1998. Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo." Anales de la Facultad de Medicina 60, no. 4 (2014): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/anales.v60i4.4382.

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OBJETIVOS: Aislar e identificar Vibrio cholerae O1 y especies de vibrios no epidémicos asociados a casos de enfermedad diarreica aguda (EDA) durante 1998, dentro del evento climatológico "El Niño" Oscilación del Sur (ENOS). MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Durante los meses de verano de 1998 se realizó 70 coprocultivos de pacientes con EDA admitidos en la sala de emergencia del Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo de Lima. Se estudió colonias aisladas en Agar TCBS. Los aislados fueron sometidos a pruebas bioquímicas y serológicas para la identificación de Vibrio cholerae O1. La identificación de vibrios no epid

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Kitaoka, Maya, Sarah T. Miyata, Daniel Unterweger, and Stefan Pukatzki. "Antibiotic resistance mechanisms of Vibrio cholerae." Journal of Medical Microbiology 60, no. 4 (2011): 397–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.023051-0.

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As the causative agent of cholera, the bacterium Vibrio cholerae represents an enormous public health burden, especially in developing countries around the world. Cholera is a self-limiting illness; however, antibiotics are commonly administered as part of the treatment regimen. Here we review the initial identification and subsequent evolution of antibiotic-resistant strains of V. cholerae. Antibiotic resistance mechanisms, including efflux pumps, spontaneous chromosomal mutation, conjugative plasmids, SXT elements and integrons, are also discussed. Numerous multidrug-resistant strains of V.

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A.A., Michael, and Adenike B.A. "Prevalence of Vibrio Cholerae and Vibrio Species from Different Sources in Bayelsa State, Nigeria." African Journal of Biology and Medical Research 4, no. 2 (2021): 38–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ajbmr-g5st3zwt.

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The distribution of Vibrio cholerae and non-cholera Vibrio species from different sources from five localities in Bayelsa State, Nigeria was investigated in this study. A total of 44 stool samples, 22 freshwater samples, 60 brackish water samples and 64 seafood samples (crabs, shrimps and fishes) were collected from January to April, 2019 for the purpose of V. cholerae prevalence study. Samples were transported to the laboratory using Car-Blair’s medium. This was followed by samples enrichment in 1% alkaline peptone water and pour plating on thiosulphate citrate bile-salt sucrose (TCBS) agar.

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Sabbah, Majeed Arsheed, Bilal Kamil Sulaiman, Kifah, A. Jasim, and Mohammod M. Farhan. "Detection of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae by PCR." Journal of Biotechnology Research Center 5, no. 1 (2011): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.2011.5.1.139.

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holera toxin (CT) is a major virulence factor of V. cholerae causing water diarrhea. The detection of CT-producing V. cholerae using conventional culture-, biochemical- and immunological-based assays is time-consuming, laborious, and requiring more than three days perform. In this work a specific primers for ctxB gene were used for detection of V. cholera in water samples. Few colonies of V. cholera were suspended in water and used as a template in PCR reaction for the detection of ctxB gene. The 391-bp sequence of a gene that codes for the cholera toxin B subunit was amplified by PCR. Direct

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Cheneke, Kumama Regassa, Koya Purnachandra Rao, and Geremew Kenassa Edessa. "Application of a New Generalized Fractional Derivative and Rank of Control Measures on Cholera Transmission Dynamics." International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 2021 (November 2, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2104051.

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In this study, the mathematical model of the cholera epidemic is formulated and analyzed to show the impact of Vibrio cholerae in reserved freshwater. Moreover, the results obtained from applying the new fractional derivative method show that, as the order of the fractional derivative increases, cholera-preventing behaviors also increase. Also, the finding of our study shows that the dynamics of Vibrio cholerae can be controlled if continuous treatment is applied in reserved freshwater used for drinking purposes so that the intrinsic growth rate of Vibrio cholerae in water is less than the nat

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Rabiu, Murtala, Kumurya A.S., Abdulkadir Bashir, and Aliyu I.A. "Systematic Review on the Antibacterial Resistance of Vibrio Cholerae." UMYU Scientifica 1, no. 1 (2022): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.56919/usci.1122.009.

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Background: Vibrio cholerae is the causative agent of cholera illness. Antibacterial resistance of V. cholerae is frequently experienced due to the environmental pressure from human and animal overuse and misuse of antibacterials. Among such antibacterials include Tetracycline, Chloramphenicol, Furazolidone, Ampicillin, and Trimethoprim-Cotrimoxazole as used against V. cholerae O1, O139 and non O1, O139 strains. Objectives: This systematic review was aimed at providing an overview of Antibacterial resistant strains of Vibrio cholerae in terms of year, location and factors responsible for the r

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Kumar Shrestha, Bijay, and Jenish Shakya. "Simple method devised for rapid isolation and identification of Vibrio cholerae from water resources of Sunsari District, Nepal." Nepal Journal of Biotechnology 9, no. 2 (2021): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.54796/njb.v9i2.41913.

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Cholera is a gastrointestinal disease caused by pathogenic strain of Vibrio cholerae, the disease clinically manifested by rice-water diarrhea, nausea and vomiting. This study aimed to study the incidence of Vibrio species and employ simple method for rapid detection of Vibrio cholerae from water samples of Sunsari, Nepal. Identification of V. cholerae through biochemical tests requires extensive labor and costs. In resource limited laboratories, isolation and identification of V. cholerae often becomes difficult. Therefore, this study also aimed for selecting scope of this methodology as a sc

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Alam, Munirul, Marzia Sultana, G. Balakrish Nair, et al. "Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae in the Aquatic Environment of Mathbaria, Bangladesh." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, no. 4 (2006): 2849–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.72.4.2849-2855.2006.

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ABSTRACT Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae, rarely isolated from the aquatic environment between cholera epidemics, can be detected in what is now understood to be a dormant stage, i.e., viable but nonculturable when standard bacteriological methods are used. In the research reported here, biofilms have proved to be a source of culturable V. cholerae, even in nonepidemic periods. Biweekly environmental surveillance for V. cholerae was carried out in Mathbaria, an area of cholera endemicity adjacent to the Bay of Bengal, with the focus on V. cholerae O1 and O139 Bengal. A total of 297 samples of water,

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KWAN, L. C., D. K. F. CHEUNG, and K. M. KAM. "Peak occurrences of ciguatera fish poisoning precede cholera outbreaks in Hong Kong." Epidemiology and Infection 131, no. 1 (2003): 621–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268803008665.

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Abstract (sommario):

Occurrences of ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) and Vibrio cholerae infected patients in Hong Kong were reviewed for the 13-year period 1989–2001. Peak activity of CFP preceded peak activity of cholera in nine of the years except in 4 years (1990, 1991, 1992, 1996) where it was observed that the total number of cholera cases were all less than or equal to five per year (P<0·05). Average time interval was 2·4 months between peaks of CFP and Vibrio cholerae outbreaks. Findings suggested that the factors that affect cholera and ciguatera occurrences may not be operating in some years but when th

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31

Sundar, Kothandapani. "Quorum Sensing Based Drug Screening Against Vibrio Cholerae." Journal of Microbes and Research 1, no. 1 (2022): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.58489/2836-2187/001.

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Abstract (sommario):

The QS method is a means of bacterial cell-to-cell communication, which uses extracellular signal molecules called autoinducers to transmit information between cells.Bacteria can use QS to collaborate on tasks. The pathogen Vibrio cholerae uses QS to inhibit the development of virulence factors and the formation of biofilms. Cholera is caused by the Gram-negative, curved bacteria Vibrio cholerae (Clemens et al., 2017). There are also a number of virulence components produced by this disease, including cholera hemolysin (CH), toxin-co-regulated pilus (TCP), flagellum, etc. By constraining the t

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32

Parveen, Salina, Samuel R. Farrah, Celia Gonzalez-Bonilla, Altagracia V. Zamudio, and Mark L. Tamplin. "Characterization of a clinicalVibrio choleraeO139 isolate from Mexico." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 49, no. 1 (2003): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w03-004.

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Abstract (sommario):

Pathogenic strains of Vibrio cholerae O139 possess the cholera toxin A subunit (ctxA) gene as well as the gene for toxin co-regulated pili (tcpA). We report the isolation of a ctxA-negative, tcpA-negative V. cholerae O139 strain (INDRE1) from a patient in Mexico diagnosed with gastrointestinal illness. Certain phenotypic characteristics of this strain were identical to those of V. cholerae O1 biotype El Tor. Unlike ctxA-positive V. cholerae O139 strains, this strain was sensitive to a wide panel of antibiotics, including ampicillin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, furazolidone, nal

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33

Vodop’yanov, Aleksey S., S. O. Vodop’yanov, I. P. Oleynikov, and B. N. Mishan’kin. "INDEL-GENOTYPING OF VIBRIO CHOLERAE STRAINS." Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases 22, no. 4 (2017): 195–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/eid40978.

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Abstract (sommario):

The aim of this work was to genotype Vibrio cholerae strains, based on 9 INDEL-markers. We identified 26 genotypes in 223 strains studied. Based on the cluster analysis, all genotypes were grouped into 8 clusters. A geographic attachment to specific regions was characteristic for some of the clusters. Toxigenic strains formed a separate cluster and have genotypes different from atoxigenic strains. All strains V cholerae O1 Eltor, isolated from 1929 to 2014, had an identical genotype, different from the genotypes of V. cholerae O1 classical and V. cholerae O139. A loss of cholera toxin gene was

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34

Ehara, Masahiko, Mamoru Iwami, Yoshio Ichinose, et al. "Induction of Fimbriated Vibrio cholerae O139." Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 5, no. 1 (1998): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.5.1.65-69.1998.

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Abstract (sommario):

ABSTRACT Several fimbriated phases of Vibrio cholerae O139 strains were selectively induced and compared immunologically and biochemically with those of V. cholerae O1. Fimbrial antigens were detected on the surfaces of vibrio cells colonizing the epithelial cells of a rabbit small intestine. Convalescent-phase sera from six individuals infected with V. cholerae O139 revealed the development of antibody against the fimbrillin. These findings suggest that the fimbriae of V. cholerae O1 and O139 are expressed in vivo during infection and that consideration must be given to the use of fimbrial an

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35

Tyurina, A. V., N. E. Gaevskaya, I. A. Ivanova, et al. "Assessment of the Effectiveness of Cholera Bacteriophages for Prevention of Experimental Cholera." Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections, no. 2 (July 3, 2024): 193–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21055/0370-1069-2024-2-193-195.

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Abstract (sommario):

The possibility of cholera importation into our country and the increase in the number of Vibrio cholerae strains that are resistant to antibacterial agents necessitate the development of alternative therapeutic and prophylactic biological products based on bacteriophages.The aim of the work was to study the effectiveness of application of cholera bacteriophages for the prevention of experimental cholera.Materials and methods. The work involved cholera bacteriophages Rostov-M3, Rostov-13, active against cholera vibrios of the O1 serogroup; and FB1, which has lytic activity against the O139 ser

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36

Levchenkо, D. A., V. D. Kruglikov, N. E. Gaevskaya, A. S. Vodop’yanov, and N. V. Nepomnyashchaya. "Pheno- and Genotypical Features of Non-Toxigenic Strains of Cholera Vibrios of Different Origins, Isolated in the Territory of Russia." Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections, no. 3 (October 22, 2020): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.21055/0370-1069-2020-3-89-96.

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Abstract (sommario):

Aim. Analysis of the phenotypic characteristics and identification of peculiarities of the genotypic organization in non-toxigenic strains of cholera vibrios having different origin, isolated in Russia. Materials and methods. A sample of 548 non-toxigenic strains obtained using the author’s updated GIS “Cholera 1989–2014” was used. PCR genotyping was carried out in accordance with the patented “Method for the identification of non-toxigenic strains of cholera vibrio O1 serogroup using PCR to isolate genetic determinants.” Cluster analysis was performed applying the UPGMA method. The dendrogram

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37

Naser, Iftekhar Bin, Tushar Ahmed Shishir, Shah Nayeem Faruque, M. Mozammel Hoque, Anamul Hasan, and Shah M. Faruque. "Environmental prevalence of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 in Bangladesh coincides with V. cholerae non-O1 non-O139 genetic variants which overproduce autoinducer-2." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (2021): e0254068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254068.

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Abstract (sommario):

Prevalence of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 in aquatic reservoirs in Bangladesh apparently increases coinciding with the occurrence of seasonal cholera epidemics. In between epidemics, these bacteria persist in water mostly as dormant cells, known as viable but non-culturable cells (VBNC), or conditionally viable environmental cells (CVEC), that fail to grow in routine culture. CVEC resuscitate to active cells when enriched in culture medium supplemented with quorum sensing autoinducers CAI-1 or AI-2 which are signal molecules that regulate gene expression dependent on cell density. V. cholerae

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38

Gancz, Hanan, Orly Niderman-Meyer, Meir Broza, Yechezkel Kashi, and Eyal Shimoni. "Adhesion of Vibrio cholerae to Granular Starches." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, no. 8 (2005): 4850–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.8.4850-4855.2005.

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Abstract (sommario):

ABSTRACT Cholera is a severe diarrheal disease caused by specific serogroups of Vibrio cholerae that are pathogenic to humans. Cholera can become epidemic and deadly without adequate medical care. Appropriate rehydration therapy can reduce the mortality rate from as much as 50% of the affected individuals to <1%. Thus, oral rehydration therapy (ORT) is an important measure in the treatment of this disease. To further reduce the symptoms associated with cholera, improvements in oral rehydration solution (ORS) by starch incorporation were suggested. Here, we report that V. cholerae adheres to

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39

JESUDASON, M. V., V. BALAJI, U. MUKUNDAN, and C. J. THOMSON. "Ecological study of Vibrio cholerae in Vellore." Epidemiology and Infection 124, no. 2 (2000): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095026889900357x.

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Abstract (sommario):

Vellore is endemic for cholera due to Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139. In a previous study the prevalence of Vibrio cholerae in drinking water, lakes and sewage outfalls in a single 2-months period in Vellore, India was determined. In addition water samples from three sites were also tested for the presence of V. cholerae O1 and O139 by fluorescent antibody staining. This follow on study has examined how the environmental distribution of V. cholerae at the same sites alters over a 12-month period and the relationship to the clinical pattern of cholera in Vellore. Samples of water were collected fr

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40

Islam, M. S., S. Mahmuda, M. G. Morshed, et al. "Role of cyanobacteria in the persistence of Vibrio cholerae O139 in saline microcosms." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 50, no. 2 (2004): 127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w03-114.

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Abstract (sommario):

Recently, a new strain of cholera, Vibrio cholerae O139, has emerged as an epidemic strain, but there is little information about its environmental reservoir. The present investigation was aimed to determine the role of cyanobacteria in the persistence of V. cholerae O139 in microcosms. An environmental isolate of V. cholerae O139 and three cyanobacteria (Anabaena sp., Nostoc sp., and Hapalosiphon sp.) were used in this study. Survival of culturable V. cholerae O139 in microcosms was monitored using taurocholate-tellurite gelatin agar medium. Viable but nonculturable V. cholerae O139 were dete

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41

Runft, Donna L., Kristie C. Mitchell, Basel H. Abuaita, et al. "Zebrafish as a Natural Host Model for Vibrio cholerae Colonization and Transmission." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 80, no. 5 (2013): 1710–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.03580-13.

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Abstract (sommario):

ABSTRACTThe human diarrheal disease cholera is caused by the aquatic bacteriumVibrio cholerae.V. choleraein the environment is associated with several varieties of aquatic life, including insect egg masses, shellfish, and vertebrate fish. Here we describe a novel animal model forV. cholerae, the zebrafish. PandemicV. choleraestrains specifically colonize the zebrafish intestinal tract after exposure in water with no manipulation of the animal required. Colonization occurs in close contact with the intestinal epithelium and mimics colonization observed in mammals. Zebrafish that are colonized b

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42

Evdokimova, V. V., L. P. Alekseeva, O. A. Yakusheva, D. A. Levchenkо, and M. V. Rengach. "Production and Characterization of Immune Ascitic Fluids to Vibrio cholerae R-Variant Strains." Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections, no. 3 (September 30, 2024): 88–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21055/0370-1069-2024-3-88-95.

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Abstract (sommario):

The aim of the work was to obtain immune ascitic fluids (IAF) of mice to whole cells of R-variant cholera vibrios and to evaluate the possibility of their use for detection and characterization of atypical cholera vibrios. Materials and methods. A cycle of immunization of nonlinear white mice was performed. It included four injections of antigen with and without adjuvant, induction of ascitic fluid accumulation through intraperitoneal inoculation of murine myeloma cells. Experimental IAFs were studied in serologic and immunologic reactions on a set of strains of R-variant Vibrio cholerae, V. c

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43

Panja, Prabir. "Optimal Control Analysis of a Cholera Epidemic Model." Biophysical Reviews and Letters 14, no. 01 (2019): 27–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793048019500024.

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Abstract (sommario):

In this paper, a cholera disease transmission mathematical model has been developed. According to the transmission mechanism of cholera disease, total human population has been classified into four subpopulations such as (i) Susceptible human, (ii) Exposed human, (iii) Infected human and (iv) Recovered human. Also, the total bacterial population has been classified into two subpopulations such as (i) Vibrio Cholerae that grows in the infected human intestine and (ii) Vibrio Cholerae in the environment. It is assumed that the cholera disease can be transmitted in a human population through the

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44

Zadnova, S. P., N. A. Plekhanov, T. A. Kul’shan’, I. G. Shvidenko, and A. A. Kritsky. "Vibrio cholerae secretion system of the type VI." Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections, no. 2 (July 8, 2022): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21055/0370-1069-2022-2-27-35.

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Abstract (sommario):

The review summarizes literature data on the Vibrio cholerae secretion system of the 6th type. This system is a contact-dependent macromolecular mechanism through which bacteria translocate toxic effector proteins into target cells. It is found in many Gram-negative bacteria, including Vibrio cholerae. V. cholerae infects phagocytic amoebae, nematodes, ciliates, bacteria belonging to different species, as well as unrelated strains of V. cholerae using this system. DNA released after lysis of competing bacteria can be taken up by Vibrio cholerae cells, which leads to the acquisition of new gene

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45

Boyd, E. Fidelma, Kathryn E. Moyer, Lei Shi та Matthew K. Waldor. "Infectious CTXΦ and the Vibrio Pathogenicity Island Prophage in Vibrio mimicus: Evidence for Recent Horizontal Transfer between V. mimicus and V. cholerae". Infection and Immunity 68, № 3 (2000): 1507–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.68.3.1507-1513.2000.

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Abstract (sommario):

ABSTRACT Vibrio mimicus differs from Vibrio choleraein a number of genotypic and phenotypic traits but like V. cholerae can give rise to diarrheal disease. We examined clinical isolates of V. mimicus for the presence of CTXΦ, the lysogenic filamentous bacteriophage that carries the cholera toxin genes in epidemic V. cholerae strains. Four V. mimicus isolates were found to contain complete copies of CTXΦ. Southern blot analyses revealed that V. mimicus strain PT5 contains two CTX prophages integrated at different sites within theV. mimicus genome whereas V. mimicus strains PT48, 523-80, and 958

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46

Helal, Kareema, and Hanaa Al-Mozan. "Diagnosis of Vibrio cholerae isolated from patients with Vibriosis in Thi-Qar province." University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science 11, no. 2 (2024): 8–12. https://doi.org/10.32792/utq/utjsci/v11i2.1190.

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Abstract (sommario):

The gram-negative bacteria Vibrio cholerae is the source of cholera a severe case of diarrhea. Cholera occurs either sporadically, epidemically, or endemic. Overpopulation, untreated water supplies, and unsanitary circumstances have historically been closely linked to cholera outbreaks and pandemics. This study aimed to determine the accuracy of routine and advanced biochemical methods in diagnosing Vibrio cholerae, the extent of the prevalence of bacteria and which age groups and gender are most susceptible to infection. Stool specimens were obtained from patients suspected with cholera disea

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47

Gromova, O. V., O. S. Durakova, S. V. Generalov, L. F. Livanova, and O. A. Volokh. "Determination of Specific Activity of Cholera Chemical Vaccine Components using Cell Culture." Biotekhnologiya 36, no. 3 (2020): 82–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21519/0234-2758-2020-36-3-82-89.

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Abstract (sommario):

Том 36(2020) №3 стр. 82-89; DOI 10.21519/0234-2758-2020-36-3-82-89А.В. Гаева1*, О.В. Громова1, О.С. Дуракова1, С.В. Генералов1, Л.Ф. Ливанова1, О.А. Волох1 Определение специфической активности компонентов холерной химической вакцины с использованием культуры клеток 1ФКУЗ «Российский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт «Микроб»» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека, Саратов 410005 *rusrapi@microbe.ru Поступила - 2019-11-26; После доработки - 2020-03-16; Принята к публикации - 2020-05-15 Список литературы Описаны методы определения ди

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48

Agyei, Foster K., Birgit Scharf, and Samuel Duodu. "Vibrio cholerae Bacteremia: An Enigma in Cholera-Endemic African Countries." Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 9, no. 5 (2024): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed9050103.

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Abstract (sommario):

Cholera is highly endemic in many sub-Saharan African countries. The bacterium Vibrio cholerae is responsible for this severe dehydrating diarrheal disease that accounts for over 100,000 deaths each year globally. In recent years, the pathogen has been found to invade intestinal layers and translocate into the bloodstream of humans. The non-toxigenic strains of V. cholerae (non-O1/O139), also known as NOVC, which do not cause epidemic or pandemic cases of cholera, are the major culprits of V. cholerae bacteremia. In non-cholera-endemic regions, clinical reports on NOVC infection have been note

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49

Ezeamagu, Christopher E., Mande Garuba, and Toyosi F. Osisami. "Identification of Vibrio Cholerae using Analytical Profile Index (API 20E)." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science IX, no. V (2024): 108–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.51584/ijrias.2024.905009.

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Abstract (sommario):

Cholera outbreak have resulted in the deaths of millions of people globally. The cholera-causing Vibrio cholerae, has multiple serogroups, and produces epidemics when two strains, O1 and O139, are present. With the exception of recent, rare instances, V. cholerae O139 caused prior outbreaks; however, V. cholerae O1 was responsible for all following epidemics. Hence, identification of the V. cholerae is an important step in the control of cholera outbreak especially in the local community where inadequate facilities for prognosis limit prompt treatment of patients. A total of 15 isolates previo

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50

CLARK, C. G., A. N. KRAVETZ, C. DENDY, G. WANG, K. D. TYLER, and W. M. JOHNSON. "Investigation of the 1994–5 Ukrainian Vibrio cholerae epidemic using molecular methods." Epidemiology and Infection 121, no. 1 (1998): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268898008814.

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Abstract (sommario):

Thirty-seven Vibrio cholerae and four non-cholera Vibrio isolates from Ukraine, including strains from the epidemic of 1994–5, were analysed by molecular methods. Results from PFGE and ribotyping indicated that all Ukrainian toxigenic V. cholerae were closely related to each other and to an isolate from a patient from Pakistan. A non-toxigenic river water strain obtained during the height of the epidemic was more distantly related to these V. cholerae strains, while the Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates and Vibrio alginolyticus isolate were not closely related to V. cholerae or each other. ERIC

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