Tesi sul tema "Vin de Champagne – Vinification"
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Leroy, Marie-Josée. "Incidence de la nature des souches de levure et des conditions de préparation des levains sur les phénomènes d'autolyse dans le champagne". Dijon, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986DIJOS044.
Testo completoNguyen, Van Long Thanh. "Etude des processus fermentaires en champagnisation". Dijon, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985DIJOS065.
Testo completoDiart-Boucher, Sylvie. "La Réglementation vitivinicole champenoise". Reims, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006REIMD006.
Testo completo@Through the example of champagne the various lawful sources -- whether they are of European, national or even local origin -- ruling the production of a controlled and classified wine (AOC) are studied. In order to understand properly the European and Champagne-area vine-growing and wine-making; the professional authorities are depicted and the regional organisation of professionals as an inter-professional syndicate or guild is presented. Each step necessary to the making of champagne, from the planting of the vine-stocks, the maintenance of the vineyard, the harvest, the wine-making to the final bottled product is evoked, linking the wine producers’ working methods and the specifications required by the law
Dambrouck, Thierry Jeandet Philippe. "Contribution à l'étude des protéines des moûts et des vins de Champagne". Reims : S.C.D. de l'Université, 2005. http://scdurca.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000027.pdf.
Testo completoLe, Menn Nicolas. "Études chimique et sensorielle du vieillissement des vins de réserve de Champagne.Développement d’outils de sélection des vins de la Maison Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin". Thesis, Reims, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REIMS041.
Testo completoThe study of the conceptual sensory definition of Champagne reserve wines revealed the characterisation of the aromatic notes developed during the qualitative aging of these wines. The aromatic intensity of undergrowth, truffle, fresh fruits, jummy fruits, tobacco, toasted, roasted , smoked, spicy, pastries, honey, butter / milk, nuts and petrol notes was evaluated in 51 single-varietal reserve wines of Chardonnay, Pinot Noir and Miller aged from 1 to 28 years. A sensory convergence was highlighted, suggesting common molecular determinants of aging.A molecular study, targeting specific classes of aromatic compounds, demonstrated that levels of dimethyl sulphide, tabanone, ethyl 3-methylbutanoate, ethyl 2-methylbutanoate, butyl acetate, 5-methylfurfural, 2-acetylfuran, 2-acetylthophene, 2-methylpyrazine, 2-acetyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-ethylthiazole and thiazole increase during aging.The conceptual analysis of the aging potential of reserve wines has been decrypted in order to develop a new illustrated sensory analysis method allowing its evaluation. The free amino acids and the potential in DMS may also be indicators of the aging potential of wines.The fractionation method of 31 Champagne reserve wines extract resulted, from a sensory point of view, in an aromatic notes decomposition, typical of these wines. The composition of the involved fractions was then studied by instrumental methods revealing the identification of two molecular markers; cyclotene and isophorone. The sensory analysis of the fractions opened up new perspectives, suggesting the existence of other compounds involved to qualitative aging of these wines
Vernhet-Roquefeuil, Aude. "Étude physico-chimique de l'adhésion de Saccharomyces cerevisiae à des surfaces modèles : application à la vinification champenoise". Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMPD535.
Testo completoOluwa, Woye Solomen. "Caractérisation structurale des polysaccharides extracellulaires de levures indigènes du raisin isolées en Champagne : Implication dans les propriétés moussantes des vins". Thesis, Reims, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REIMS028.
Testo completoThe total polysaccharide extracts (EPS) produced by LOCA-1 and LOCA-2, two yeast strains collected from grape skin in Champagne, were isolated for both their biochemical and functional characterization. Their structural characterization by GC analysis show that EPS were complex heteropolymers with high molecular weight (~2.106 g/mol), and were composed of mannose, glucose, xylose and glucuronic acid as monosaccharide constituents, and 2 types of substituents (sulphate and phosphate) evidenced by MALDI analysis. Elucidation of the structural enchainment of these EPS carbohydrates based on GC-MS and NMR analyses revealed in both studied cases, a linear main backbone built up of α-(1→3)-D-mannopyranosyl residues. However differences have been noted between these two strains. For LOCA-1 EPS, some short side chains of β-(1→2)-xyloses (2-5 residues) are branched to the main linear backbone on its C-2 and/or C-6 positions. In contrast, the LOCA-2 main backbone that is more extended (˃40 units) than the former, is substituted on its C-2 and/or C-4 positions by xylomannan antennas. This is the first report of these yeasts’ polysaccharides with such structural characteristics. The second part of this thesis is devoted to the functional properties (foaming, gelling, and viscosifying abilities) of the EPS. Very exceptional viscosifying and foaming properties were observed after a comparative analysis with some marketed industrial biopolymers.The intrinsic properties of these natural polymers produced by these grape berries indigenous yeast strains, make them potential candidates for operating in various fields of biotechnology applications, especially enology
Dambrouck, Thierry. "Contribution à l'étude des protéines des moûts et des vins de Champagne : détermination de leur origine, étude d'une glycoprotéine majeure, l'invertase de raisin : thèse pour le doctorat en sciences spécialité Biologie et Biochimie Appliquée, option Oenologie". Reims, 2004. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000027.pdf.
Testo completoThis work is a contribution to the study of proteins of musts and Champagne wines. The objective of the first part of this study was to analyse the origin of proteins of a Chardonnay wine. Results obtained using specific antibodies indicate that most of the wine proteins came from grapes and many of them were glycoproteins. Some proteins of this Chardonnay wine came from yeast; they were released during the alcoholic fermentation and consisted of high molecular weight glycoproteins. In contrast, no bacteria proteins were detect in this Chardonnay wine. The second part is a study of a major glycoprotein from Champagne wines, the grape invertase. Results showed that invertase from Chardonnay must were expressed of the GIN1 isogene. The sequon with the Asn-101 seems to be not glycosylated. Invertase showed a high heterogenous glycosylation, however, the paucimannosidic type was identified as the major N-glycan in grape invertase. An enzyme-linked immunosobent assay (ELISA) technique was developed and used to quantify the grape invertase after fining treatment. Results showed that fining treatment induced a loss of grape invertase correlated with a loss of proteins. This loss of proteins (e. G. Invertase or total proteins) was correlated with a modification of the foaming parameters of these treated wines
Beaumont, Fabien. "Analyses expérimentale et numérique de la dynamique des mécanismes convectifs de brassage du fluide et de désorption du CO2 appliquées à l’œnologie du champagne". Thesis, Reims, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REIMS015.
Testo completoWhen a glass releases too quickly his dissolved gas, the loss of the aromas carried by the bubbles is sudden and irreversible. So, the knowledge of the physical mechanisms at the origin of CO2 release in a glass of champagne should lead to a glass shape conducive to aromas development and at a sustainable effervescence.The contribution of mechanisms of admixture of the wine on the CO2 desorption in a glass of champagne remains still unknown. To deepen our understanding of these aspects, we analyze the carbon dioxide release processes in tasting conditions. The approach adopted in this thesis consists in studying the mass transfer mechanisms (nucleation, diffusion, evaporation) between the liquid and gaseous phase. By experimental (laser tomography, PIV, IR thermography) and numerical ways (CFD), we follow the unsteady evolution of the two phase flow in a champagne glass. We highlight a complex flow, composed of multiple hydrodynamic instabilities. The results show also that the CO2 release strongly depends on the glass shape and on the wine temperature.By highlighting the glass shape on the carbon dioxide release, these works allowed to improve the parameters knowledge which affect or favor the effervescence process in tasting conditions. These conclusions must be confirmed by a tasting panel to show that the aromas release is closely related to the glass shape
Hoang, Duc An. "Impact du fractionnement au pressurage sur la composition et les caractéristiques des moûts et des vins de Champagne - Effet de la maturité et de l'état sanitaire des raisins". Thesis, Reims, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REIMS035/document.
Testo completoPress fractioning is a key step in the Champagne method, and the type of pressing will significantly determine the biochemical composition of the juice and the wine. The first pressed juice obtained in the fractioned pressing cycle, called the “cuvée”, is rich in sugar and acids (tartaric and malic). The second pressed juice, called the “tailles”, is as rich in sugar, mineral salt (potassium in particular) and colorant materials as the first one but less acidic. Must has specific analytical characteristics. The evolution of composition in the must during the pressing cycle and the measure of current analytical parameters, allowing the understanding of grapes extraction, have led to little studies in the Champagne region (Valade et Blanck, 1989; Blouin, 1998). These studies have followed the changes between the Cuvée and the Tailles, according to the rules applied for Champagne production. Nevertheless, no study had considered a large number of parameters, including the foaming properties, before this thesis.The contamination of grapes by the pathogenic Botrytis cinerea (gray mold) and the effect of grape maturity, which are other key parameters in the elaboration of Champagne, have an impact on the quality of must and base wine, especially on proteins, polysaccharides and oligosaccharides. The essays were carried out in two different presses: an industrial automatic press (capacity 8000 kg) and a laboratory press (capacity 6 kg). This study was made on two grape varieties: Pinot meunier (vintages 2013 and 2015) and Chardonnay (vintages 2014 and 2015). The following analyzes were effectuated on must and base wine: (i) determination of current oenological parameters of must and base wine, (ii) isolation and analysis of soluble polysaccharides and oligosaccharides in base wine, (iii) analysis, quantification and identification of soluble proteins in base wine, (iv) quantification of protease activity in base wine (the impact of Botrytis cinerea), (v) comparison of composition of must and base wine from healthy grapes of two vintages: 2013 (industrial press) and 2014 (laboratory press).The knowledge of the sanitary state and the optimization of the harvest date are tools used by oenologist to improve the quality of must, obtained during the pressing cycle, and therefore of wine elaborated from them. Following this study, it could be interesting to examine in which conditions these parameters may be reproduced at a bigger scale for forward industrial applications
Perret, Alexandre. "Etude des propriétés de transport du CO2 et de l'éthanol en solution hydroalcoolique par dynamique moléculaire classique : Application aux vins de Champagne". Thesis, Reims, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REIMS024/document.
Testo completoThe work presented in this manuscript is devoted to the study of the diffusion of dissolved carbon dioxide and ethanol in a hydroalcoholic solution model representing Champagne wines. The first part of this work deals with the different formalisms of molecular diffusion, as well as theoretical and experimental methods used to account for this phenomenon of transport. Particular attention is paid to the classical force field molecular dynamics that is used in this work with the GROMACS software. This theoretical approach provides a new perspective in research on champagne and particularly on the role of each of the main species in CO2 diffusion. NMR spectroscopy, and an experimental method based on the study of the bubbles growth rate, were also used. In the second part, the theoretical and experimental results are presented and compared with each other to validate the protocol of molecular dynamics simulations. The viscosities of the model solution and of the champagne, as well as the hydrodynamic radii of CO2 and ethanol, are also investigated. The last part of the manuscript focuses on the partnership with the Bull company and the study of the GROMACS software performance. The expertise of and the tools developed by the Bull company are used to study the scalability and the parallel behavior of GROMACS for modeling champagne
Suzanne, Corinne. "Microorganismes et vin de champagne". Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05P271.
Testo completoHiéret, Jean-Pierre. "L'Outillage traditionnel de la vigne et du vin en Bordelais : collections du Musée d'Aquitaine, enquêtes d'ethnographie /". Bordeaux : Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36147239g.
Testo completoRenouf, Vincent Strehaiano Pierre Lonvaud Aline. "Description et caractérisation de la diversité microbienne durant l'élaboration du vin interactions et équilibres, relations avec la qualité du vin /". Toulouse : INP Toulouse, 2007. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000340.
Testo completoBarbin, Pascal Taillandier Patricia. "Contrôle et éléments de maîtrise de la contamination par la levure Brettanomyces au cours du procédé de vinification en rouge". Toulouse : INP Toulouse, 2007. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000447.
Testo completoHedman, Alexander, e Gustav Wasström. "Den “goda smaken” och champagne : Svenska vinexperters attityd till champagne". Thesis, Örebro universitet, Restaurang- och hotellhögskolan, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-76853.
Testo completoNormand, Sylvie. "Analyse sémantique d'un discours professionnel. Les mots de la dégustation du Champagne". Rouen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ROUEL321.
Testo completoWe have studied the vocabulary of Champagne wine tasting from a linguistic point of view. Our study is based on the analysis of a corpus of texts produced by wine-tasting professionals. This work is divided into three parts. First, in order to define the subject matter of this thesis, a study of the nature of perception judgments produced during wine-tasting sessions was made. For this purpose two different points of view were put together ; on the one hand the philosophical approach of J. Bouveresse, who dealt with the relationship between perception and language in this book +langage, perception et realite ; and on the other hand the technical approach of the oenologist E. Peynaud. The second part of this research is devoted to the analysis of a corpus gathered during champagne tasting sessions. Two software tools helped to analyse data and the results were then interpreted according to different points of view. In this second part the emphasis is put on description and interpretation. The last part is the theoretical one. It deals with the meaning of linguistic units used to describe our perception during wine tasting. F. Rastier's theory of differential semantics has been chosen to enlighten the complex nature of the lexicon used in this domain. Finally, more specific linguistic phenomena, observed in wine tasting texts, such as denomination and qualification have, been studied. All through this thesis an inductive process has been favoured. First data were analysed and then results were supported by theoretical arguments
Renouf, Vincent. "Description et caractérisation de la diversité microbienne durant l'élaboration du vin : interactions et équilibres, relations avec la qualité du vin". Toulouse, INPT, 2006. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000340/.
Testo completoOn the grape, a large variety of micro-organisms coexist in an organized system including the principal species useful for winemaking. After pressing, interactions ensure alcoholic fermentation and fermentations. After sulphiting, the evolution of residual species suggests that interactions persist. Their understanding is necessary and needs a global view of the microbial diversity. Each technological operation and fermentative process influences this diversity. The system is gradually simplified because the wine becomes more and more deprived and toxic. Among the most resistant species, there are O. Oeni and B. Bruxellensis. Strains collections have been constituted for these species. The instraspecific diversity is shown by phenotypic and genetics studies in the first one. The variability in volatile phenols production, which spoils wine, is shown in the second
Barbin, Pascal. "Contrôle et éléments de maîtrise de la contamination par la levure brettanomyces au cours du procédé de vinification en rouge". Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2006. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7560/1/barbin.pdf.
Testo completoPham, Thu Thuy. "Le 3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethyl-(5h)-furanone (sotolon) dans les vins jaunes du Jura : dosage et mécanisme de formation". Dijon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995DIJOS062.
Testo completoSiegrist, Jean. "Contribution à l'étude du glycérol dans le vin". Dijon, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985DIJOS069.
Testo completoMusset, Benoît. "Vignobles de Champagne et vins mousseux : 1650-1830 : histoire d'un mariage de raison /". [Paris] : Fayard, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41238481f.
Testo completoWeber, Franck. "Le vin : un exemple de fermentation complexe résultant d'une symbiose de connaissances scientifiques et pratiques". Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P148.
Testo completoDeluze, Aurélie. "Dynamique institutionnelle et performance économique : l’exemple du Champagne". Reims, 2010. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/droit_lettres/2010REIME005.pdf.
Testo completoThis thesis concerns the link between an institutional disposal and its economic efficency, measured in terms of performance, with the illustration of the different French AOC wine producing regions, and more specifically the example of Champagne. Many previous work on the subject have studied the success of Champagne through its AOC or through its interprofession, but few have considered the complementarity of the two institutions, which work very well together. This disposal exists in the other French AOC wine regions, which have less succes on the market. We aim at explaining why the economic success of the Champagne region is more important than in the other regions, showing that the institutions in Champagne are more performant. Moreover, the dimension of quality of the product also has a role to play
Ciosmak-Meurville, Evelyne. "Action de monomères des tanins catéchiques sur la microflore liée au vin (levures, bactéries lactiques et acétiques)". Dijon, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985DIJOS047.
Testo completoAussenac, Jérôme. "Les nucléotides du vin de Champagne : isolement, identification et aspect sensoriel". Dijon, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001DIJOS013.
Testo completoLubbers, Samuel. "Caractérisation des macromolécules d'origine levurienne du vin : étude des interactions avec des substances d'arôme : application à la stabilisation tartrique". Dijon, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993DIJOS027.
Testo completoLanotte, Hervé. "Investissements publicitaires et choix contractuels d'approvisionnement : les clés d'une gouvernance "coopérative" dans la filière des vins de Champagne". Amiens, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AMIE0054.
Testo completoThis thesis takes as its cue the observation that advertising investments by Champagne firms are key to upholding the Champagne Protected Désignations of Origin, and develops a line of reasoning according to which these investments are one of the features that explain the stable and successful governance within the industry. The advertising efforts of the Champagne merchants, beyond their purely commercial aspect, are actually part of an overall scheme to guarantee the signing of multi-annual upstream-downstream supply contracts put into place in the mid-twentieth century by the inter-profession. We show how the advertising strategy of the Champagne firms can be assimilated to cooperative advertising. We conclude this thesis with a modeling that shows that the grape growers' restricted bargaining power and the limited residual effect of advertising on the market of grape growers' direct sales of Champagne wine could lead to them putting into question these long-term supply contracts
Semence, Fabien. "Optimisation d’un procédé de clarification du vin de Champagne à l’issue de sa seconde fermentation". Thesis, Reims, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REIMS036.
Testo completoThe current method of Champagne wine clarification, at the end of its second fermentation, is based on a mechanical manipulation of bottles; and it is essentially executed by machines such as Gyropalettes (« remuage » or riddling process). The process consists on handling the bottle by an orderly set of rotations and tilts to group and move a sediment (outcome of the previous step of winemaking), initially present over an important surface inside the bottle, into a concentrated aggregate in the bottle’s neck. The manipulation has been elaborated empirically; it was based on observations results. Therefore the elaborators execute the riddling operation empirically without having the possibility of optimizing this process in a more efficient way. Also, and because of the increased handled volume nowadays, this operation needs space, time and working tools. That’s why, through this thesis, we shall present a new working method based on imposed vibrations. My study aims to present a new working method based on imposed vibrations. In order to study the parameters influencing the process and the efficiency of the chosen technical solution, a set of tools based on observation and quantification of the phenomena’s evolution inside the bottle, were created and tested. As a conclusion, on the one hand this method reduces the time needed, and on the other hand it leads to the same result in terms of quality
Priser, Christine. "Contribution à la caractérisation objective de l'arôme de vins de Champagne par des méthodes sensorielles et physico-chimiques". Dijon, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997DIJOS067.
Testo completoLavigne-Cruège, Valérie. "Recherches sur les composés soufrés volatils formés par la levure au cours de la vinification et de l'élevage des vins blancs secs". Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR20429.
Testo completoRizzon, Luiz A. "Incidence de la macération sur la composition chimique des vins". Bordeaux 2, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985BOR20026.
Testo completoPons, Alexandre. "Recherches sur l'arôme de vieillissement prématuré des vins". Bordeaux 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR21393.
Testo completoDuring aging of wines, the flavour of certain white wines evolves quickly to honey and wax notes whereas red wines develop a nuance characteristic of the odor of prune. These aromas are associated with oxidations mecanisms. Among these flavours, sotolone is associated with oxydative ageing of white wines. Sotolon is a chiral compound, each enantiomer smelling curry with sensory thresholds being of o,8 µg/L and 89 µg/L for S and R forms respectively. We show the reaction of aldolization between α-ketobutyric acid and acetaldehyde, is responsible for the formation of sotolon in wines. Ascorbic acid, contrary to the glutathion can, in oxydative conditions support its formation. In red aromagrammes, we report two odorous zones induced by oxydative phenomena. While the second was identified as a nonalactone, the first one correspond to a still unknown carbonyl compound
Gerbaux, Vincent. "Activation de la fermentation malolactique des vins : contribution à l'étude de la nutrition azotée des bactéries lactiques : sélection et mise en oeuvre de nouvelles souches de Leuconostoc oenos dans les vins de Bourgogne". Dijon, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986DIJOS065.
Testo completoBarrera, Garcia Veronica Daniela. "Sorption de composés phénoliques du vin par le bois de chêne : approches macroscopique et moléculaires". Dijon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007DIJOS071.
Testo completoDuring ageing in oak barrels, wine acquires aromatic complexity as a result of mass transfer at the interface between wood and wine. During the past several years, a variety of studies has related the contribution of wood aroma compounds to wine. Researches concerning the sorption of wine molecules by oak wood have been initiated. However, the mechanisms dictating in the sorption process have not yet been determined. In this work, the transfer of wine phenolic compounds into oak wood under conditions simulating wine ageing were studied used both macroscopic and molecular approaches. Kinetic studies were carried out with the aim of calculating the apparent diffusion coefficients of phenolic compounds in a ternary system containing phenolic compounds, wine, and wood. The thermodynamic study, specifically with the construction of sorption isotherms, showed that the mechanisms and the sorption levels are different according to the chemical structure of the phenolic compound. Phenolic structures with an unsaturated bond on their para substituent showed the highest sorption levels. Among wood macromolecules, only lignin had a selective capacity for sorption for phenolic compounds, indicating the importance of this macromolecule in the sorption process. Molecular analysis, by FTIR and NMR identified the interactions between vinylphenol derivates and lignin, suggesting that this compound is sorbed by a chemisorption mechanism, wherein the vinyl function engages in a polymerization reaction with monolignol units of lignin. Because this work utilized different approaches, it offers a more complete picture of the sorption mechanisms of wine phenolic compounds by oak wood
Vauzour, David. "Etude des propriétés biologiques des constituants des vins de champagne". Montpellier 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON13513.
Testo completoVila, Isabelle. "Les levures aromatiques en vinification : évaluation de ce caractère par l'analyse sensorielle et l'analyse chimique. Déterminisme biochimique des facteurs responsables". Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20052.
Testo completoBourgoin, Alain. "Contribution à l'étude du vignoble de Buzet". Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR2P020.
Testo completoNicolle, Pamela, e Pamela Nicolle. "Étude des composés impliqués dans la rétention des tanins des vins rouges de cépages hybrides interspécifiques cultivés en climat froid". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37076.
Testo completoLa vigne Vitis vinifera, appelée aussi «vigne européenne», est l’espèce la plus cultivée mondialement pour la production de vin. Dans les régions froides comme le Québec, les vins sont majoritairement produits à partir de cépages hybrides interspécifiques (CHI) qui offrent une plus grande tolérance au froid et aux maladies. Les vins rouges issus des CHI sont généralement décrits comme étant moins astringents et plus colorés que les vins rouges européens issus de V. vinifera, ce qui ne répond pas toujours aux goûts des consommateurs. Ces caractéristiques sont attribuables à des différences de composition entre les baies de CHI et de V. vinifera. Une meilleure compréhension des molécules affectant la rétention et la composition en tanins des vins de CHI rouges et des procédés de vinification affectant leurs profils pourrait permettre de modifier leur astringence et contribuer à augmenter la compétitivité des vins rouges issus de CHI sur le marché.Trois études ont été conduites sur ce thème dans le cadre de cette thèse. La première étude avait pour but d’étudier l’impact de l’utilisation de marc de raisin blanc (MRB) en co-fermentation avec du marc de raisin rouge (MRR) sur la teneur en tanins des vins, en utilisant les CHI Frontenac et Vidal. Les résultats ont montré que les vins produits avec du MRB présentaient plus de flavan-3-ols monomériques et oligomériques et davantagede terpènes. La manipulation du ratio MRR/MRB a permis de modifier le profil en anthocyanes des vins finis, résultant dans certains cas en des vins plus clairs. L’utilisation d’un ratio MRR/MRB approprié (30% MRR/6% MRB) a permis une meilleure stabilisation de la couleur des vins sans affecter significativement la couleur. L’utilisation de MRB en co-fermentation avec du MRR s’est avérée un outil intéressant pour moduler la couleur des vins ainsi que leur composition phénolique et volatile. La seconde étude avait pour objectif d’étudier l’impact de différents traitements seuls ou en combinaison (traitements pré-fermentaire du moût, fermentation en présence et absence de marc, addition de tanins œnologiques) sur la teneur en tanins, en protéines et en pigments des vins de Frontenac. L’élimination des protéines par chauffage du moût ou ajout de bentonite n’a pas permis une meilleure rétention des tanins dans le vin. Néanmoins, fermenter le moût sans marc de raisin a amélioré significativement leur rétention dans le vin, notamment celle des flavan-3-ols polymériques (jusqu’à 27,8%). L’addition de 3 g/L de tanins œnologiques dans les vins, fermentés en présence et absence de marc, s’est montrée nécessaire pour augmenter significativement la concentration en tanins des vins de Frontenac. La troisième étude consistait en une étude exploratoire et comparative de la teneur et de la nature des polysaccharides des vins de CHI Frontenac et Frontenac blanc avec celles du V.vinifera Cabernet Sauvignon. Les vins de Frontenac ont montré une concentration plus élevée en polysaccharides totaux et des polysaccharides plus ramifiés que les vins de Cabernet Sauvignon. Ces différences pourraient contribuer à la faible astringence des vins rouges issus de CHI par rapport à celle des vins rouges de variété V. vinifera. Ce projet a permis d’apporter de nouvelles connaissances sur le profil d’extraction et la rétention des tanins dans les vins de CHI cultivés au Québec. Une meilleure compréhension des facteurs impliqués dans la rétention des tanins dans ces vins a permis de fournir des pistes à envisager pour élaborer des procédés de vinification adaptés à la composition physico-chimique atypique des CHI rouges afin de produire des vins plus riches en tanins, ayant un potentiel accru de répondre aux goûts des consommateurs.
Vitis vinifera is the most cultivated grapevine species for wine production, worldwide. But in cold areas such as Quebec, Canada, most wine is produced from interspecific hybrid grape varieties (CHI) that better respond to harsh growing conditions such as cold temperature and high disease pressure. Red CHI wines are generally described as less astringent and more colourful than European V. viniferared wines, but those characteristics do not fully align with consumers taste and preferences. The low astringency of red CHI wine is largely attributable to differences between the respective chemical composition of CHI and V. vinifera berries. A better understanding of the molecules affecting tannin retention and composition of red CHI wines, and of the winemaking processes that affect their tannin profiles could provide solutions to impact their astringency and improve their competitiveness on the market. Three studies conducted on this topic as part of this thesis are presentedin this manuscript.The first study aimed at investigating the impact of the co-fermentation of white (WP) and red (RP) grape pomace on the tannin content of red wine, using the CHI varieties Frontenac and Vidal. The results showed that wines produced with WPcontained higher levels of monomeric and oligomeric flavan-3-ols and terpenes than wines issued from the RP treatment. Modifying the ratio of RP to WP during alcoholic fermentation modified the anthocyanin profile of the wines, sometimes resulting in lighter coloured wines. A ratio of 30% RP to 6% WP improved colour stabilisation without significantly affecting wine colour. The use of WP in co-fermentation with RP proved to be an interesting tool to modulate wine colour as well as its phenolic and volatile composition.The second study aimed at exploring the impact of different wine making treatments (pre-fermentative treatment of the must, fermentation with andwithout pomace, additionof enological tannins), alone or in combination, on the tannin, protein and pigment content of Frontenac wines. Wine protein removal by heat or bentonite addition did not improve tannin retention in wine. In contrast, fermenting the must without pomace significantly improved tannin retention, especially for polymeric flavan-3-ols (up to 27.8%). With or without pomace, the addition of enological tannins at a minimal rate of 3 g/L, was necessary to increase tannin concentration in Frontenac wine significantly.The third study explored the content and, to some extent, the molecular weight and structure of the polysaccharides from the CHI Frontenac and Frontenac Blanc, in comparison with wines from theV. vinifera variety Cabernet Sauvignon. Frontenac wines showed a higher concentration of total polysaccharides with more branched polysaccharides than wines from Cabernet Sauvignon. Results showed that significant differences exist between the polysaccharides content and structure of the studied CHI varieties and Cabernet Sauvignon variety. Those differences could contribute to the low astringency of CHI wines when compared with red wines from V. vinifera varieties. This project has brought new knowledge on the tannin, protein and polysaccharide content of red CHI varieties grown in Quebec and how they impact tannin retention in CHI wines. Understanding the chemistry of phenolic compounds and macromolecules in CHI wines made possible the development of new wine making processes adapted to the atypical biochemical composition of red CHI wine. As such, results from this study provide new venues to vary and improve the style and the quality of CHI wines and better meet consumers taste and preferences.
Vitis vinifera is the most cultivated grapevine species for wine production, worldwide. But in cold areas such as Quebec, Canada, most wine is produced from interspecific hybrid grape varieties (CHI) that better respond to harsh growing conditions such as cold temperature and high disease pressure. Red CHI wines are generally described as less astringent and more colourful than European V. viniferared wines, but those characteristics do not fully align with consumers taste and preferences. The low astringency of red CHI wine is largely attributable to differences between the respective chemical composition of CHI and V. vinifera berries. A better understanding of the molecules affecting tannin retention and composition of red CHI wines, and of the winemaking processes that affect their tannin profiles could provide solutions to impact their astringency and improve their competitiveness on the market. Three studies conducted on this topic as part of this thesis are presentedin this manuscript.The first study aimed at investigating the impact of the co-fermentation of white (WP) and red (RP) grape pomace on the tannin content of red wine, using the CHI varieties Frontenac and Vidal. The results showed that wines produced with WPcontained higher levels of monomeric and oligomeric flavan-3-ols and terpenes than wines issued from the RP treatment. Modifying the ratio of RP to WP during alcoholic fermentation modified the anthocyanin profile of the wines, sometimes resulting in lighter coloured wines. A ratio of 30% RP to 6% WP improved colour stabilisation without significantly affecting wine colour. The use of WP in co-fermentation with RP proved to be an interesting tool to modulate wine colour as well as its phenolic and volatile composition.The second study aimed at exploring the impact of different wine making treatments (pre-fermentative treatment of the must, fermentation with andwithout pomace, additionof enological tannins), alone or in combination, on the tannin, protein and pigment content of Frontenac wines. Wine protein removal by heat or bentonite addition did not improve tannin retention in wine. In contrast, fermenting the must without pomace significantly improved tannin retention, especially for polymeric flavan-3-ols (up to 27.8%). With or without pomace, the addition of enological tannins at a minimal rate of 3 g/L, was necessary to increase tannin concentration in Frontenac wine significantly.The third study explored the content and, to some extent, the molecular weight and structure of the polysaccharides from the CHI Frontenac and Frontenac Blanc, in comparison with wines from theV. vinifera variety Cabernet Sauvignon. Frontenac wines showed a higher concentration of total polysaccharides with more branched polysaccharides than wines from Cabernet Sauvignon. Results showed that significant differences exist between the polysaccharides content and structure of the studied CHI varieties and Cabernet Sauvignon variety. Those differences could contribute to the low astringency of CHI wines when compared with red wines from V. vinifera varieties. This project has brought new knowledge on the tannin, protein and polysaccharide content of red CHI varieties grown in Quebec and how they impact tannin retention in CHI wines. Understanding the chemistry of phenolic compounds and macromolecules in CHI wines made possible the development of new wine making processes adapted to the atypical biochemical composition of red CHI wine. As such, results from this study provide new venues to vary and improve the style and the quality of CHI wines and better meet consumers taste and preferences.
DESPORTES, CAMILLE. "Contribution a la connaissance de la fraction peptidique des vins. Isolement, identification et caracterisation organoleptique de quelques peptides du champagne". Reims, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REIMS005.
Testo completoPradelles, Rémi. "Etude des capacités de biosorption des levures vis-à-vis du 4-ethylphenol et de la (-)geosmine : deux molécules d'altération du vin". Dijon, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009DIJOS028.
Testo completoPresence of 4-ethylphenol and (-)geosmin in a wine impose organoleptic deviations that are described as “horse sweat” and “earthy” or “mouldy”. Their microbiological origin and their very low perception threshold cause important problems in winemaking quality management. Enological yeasts that are responsible for alcoholic fermentation are potential sorbant materials. This property was discovered during works about wine aging on lees. In this work we have studied yeast biosorption capacities for 4-ethylphenol and (-)geosmin in a synthetic model wine. Studies on the influence of yeast strain, culture medium and post-harvest processes applied to biomass (autolysis, atomisation drying, spray-drying, salt-drying and rehydration) lead to show that these parameters are determinant for sorption capacities because of the changes in structure and/or composition of yeast surface. The caracterisation of sorption properties of mutant strains that were deleted of genes coding for key wall proteins, confirmed that wall structure is of major importance in sorption phenomenon. Moreover measurements of physico-chemical properties of yeast wall (hydrophobicity, electron-donnor caracter, zeta potential) and their caracterisation by ATR-FTIR before and after sorption, show that wall components and membrane are implied in sorption and that they differ according to the sorbed molecule
Aubry, Victoire. "Contribution à la connaissance aromatique des vins de pinot noir de Bourgogne par des méthodes instrumentales et sensorielles : étude de la potentialité olfactive de quatre composés d'arôme". Dijon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DIJOS026.
Testo completoRamirez, Ramirez Gabriela. "Etude de la sorption des composés d'arôme du vin par le bois de chêne en système modèle d'élevage en fûts". Dijon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DIJOS062.
Testo completoLe, Fur Yves. "Contribution à la connaissance aromatique des vins de Chardonnay de Bourgogne : étude des potentialités olfactives de quatre composés volatils, le cinnamate d'éthyle, le guaiacol, le cyclotène et le maltol". Dijon, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998DIJOS063.
Testo completoGratian, Lionel. "Coopération et compétition : étude sur la participation en AOC viticoles". Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX10093.
Testo completoCarnevillier, Virginie. "Contribution à l'étude des fractions azotées et plus particulièrement des peptides du moût de raisin et du vin : application à la caractérisation des vins du cépage Chardonnay". Dijon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DIJOS015.
Testo completoChraibi, bel Houceine Mohamed Khalid. "Contribution à l'étude de la floculation des levures : application à la champagnisation". Dijon, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987DIJOS004.
Testo completoDestremau, Bernard. "Le rôle des étrangers dans le succès international du vin de Bordeaux, du champagne et de l'eau-de-vie de Cognac". Bordeaux 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR30007.
Testo completoThe relatively small interest shown by french people for international trade had as result that foreigners were at the roots of the success of our wine exports in the world. At different periods of our history, britons, dutchs, germans mainly have succeeded in setting up useful networks between producers and consumers. Well accepted in france, they often founded a family and many of them became french citizens
Escot, Sandra. "Contribution à l'étude des protéines glycosylées des levures et à leurs interactions avec les polyphénols des vins rouges". Dijon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003DIJOS035.
Testo completoCaruana, Christian. "Recherches sur des processus microbiologiques appliquées au moût de raisin en vue de l'élaboration de produits nouveaux". Bordeaux 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BOR20152.
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