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1

Cychosz, Margaret, Matthew B. Winn, and Matthew J. Goupell. "How to vocode: Using channel vocoders for cochlear-implant research." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 155, no. 4 (2024): 2407–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0025274.

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Abstract (sommario):
The channel vocoder has become a useful tool to understand the impact of specific forms of auditory degradation—particularly the spectral and temporal degradation that reflect cochlear-implant processing. Vocoders have many parameters that allow researchers to answer questions about cochlear-implant processing in ways that overcome some logistical complications of controlling for factors in individual cochlear implant users. However, there is such a large variety in the implementation of vocoders that the term “vocoder” is not specific enough to describe the signal processing used in these exp
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2

Karoui, Chadlia, Chris James, Pascal Barone, David Bakhos, Mathieu Marx, and Olivier Macherey. "Searching for the Sound of a Cochlear Implant: Evaluation of Different Vocoder Parameters by Cochlear Implant Users With Single-Sided Deafness." Trends in Hearing 23 (January 2019): 233121651986602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2331216519866029.

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Cochlear implantation in subjects with single-sided deafness (SSD) offers a unique opportunity to directly compare the percepts evoked by a cochlear implant (CI) with those evoked acoustically. Here, nine SSD-CI users performed a forced-choice task evaluating the similarity of speech processed by their CI with speech processed by several vocoders presented to their healthy ear. In each trial, subjects heard two intervals: their CI followed by a certain vocoder in Interval 1 and their CI followed by a different vocoder in Interval 2. The vocoders differed either (i) in carrier type—(sinusoidal
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3

Roebel, Axel, and Frederik Bous. "Neural Vocoding for Singing and Speaking Voices with the Multi-Band Excited WaveNet." Information 13, no. 3 (2022): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info13030103.

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The use of the mel spectrogram as a signal parameterization for voice generation is quite recent and linked to the development of neural vocoders. These are deep neural networks that allow reconstructing high-quality speech from a given mel spectrogram. While initially developed for speech synthesis, now neural vocoders have also been studied in the context of voice attribute manipulation, opening new means for voice processing in audio production. However, to be able to apply neural vocoders in real-world applications, two problems need to be addressed: (1) To support use in professional audi
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4

Harding, Eleanor, Etienne Gaudrain, Imke Hrycyk, et al. "Arousal but not valence: Music emotion categorization in normal hearing and cochlear implanted participants." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 153, no. 3_supplement (2023): A287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0018868.

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Perceiving acoustic cues that convey music emotion is challenging for cochlear implant (CI) users. Emotional arousal (stimulating/relaxing) can be conveyed by temporal cues such as tempo, while emotional valence (positive/negative) can be conveyed by spectral information salient to pitch and harmony. It is however unclear the extent to which other temporal and spectral features convey emotional arousal and valence in music, respectively. In 23 normal-hearing participants, we varied the quality of temporal and spectral content using vocoders during a music emotion categorization task—musical ex
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5

Ausili, Sebastian A., Bradford Backus, Martijn J. H. Agterberg, A. John van Opstal, and Marc M. van Wanrooij. "Sound Localization in Real-Time Vocoded Cochlear-Implant Simulations With Normal-Hearing Listeners." Trends in Hearing 23 (January 2019): 233121651984733. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2331216519847332.

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Bilateral cochlear-implant (CI) users and single-sided deaf listeners with a CI are less effective at localizing sounds than normal-hearing (NH) listeners. This performance gap is due to the degradation of binaural and monaural sound localization cues, caused by a combination of device-related and patient-related issues. In this study, we targeted the device-related issues by measuring sound localization performance of 11 NH listeners, listening to free-field stimuli processed by a real-time CI vocoder. The use of a real-time vocoder is a new approach, which enables testing in a free-field env
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6

Wess, Jessica M., and Joshua G. W. Bernstein. "The Effect of Nonlinear Amplitude Growth on the Speech Perception Benefits Provided by a Single-Sided Vocoder." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 62, no. 3 (2019): 745–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_jslhr-h-18-0001.

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PurposeFor listeners with single-sided deafness, a cochlear implant (CI) can improve speech understanding by giving the listener access to the ear with the better target-to-masker ratio (TMR; head shadow) or by providing interaural difference cues to facilitate the perceptual separation of concurrent talkers (squelch). CI simulations presented to listeners with normal hearing examined how these benefits could be affected by interaural differences in loudness growth in a speech-on-speech masking task.MethodExperiment 1 examined a target–masker spatial configuration where the vocoded ear had a p
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7

Bosen, Adam K., and Michael F. Barry. "Serial Recall Predicts Vocoded Sentence Recognition Across Spectral Resolutions." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 63, no. 4 (2020): 1282–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00319.

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Purpose The goal of this study was to determine how various aspects of cognition predict speech recognition ability across different levels of speech vocoding within a single group of listeners. Method We tested the ability of young adults ( N = 32) with normal hearing to recognize Perceptually Robust English Sentence Test Open-set (PRESTO) sentences that were degraded with a vocoder to produce different levels of spectral resolution (16, eight, and four carrier channels). Participants also completed tests of cognition (fluid intelligence, short-term memory, and attention), which were used as
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8

Yang, Jing, Jenna Barrett, Zhigang Yin, and Li Xu. "Recognition of foreign-accented vocoded speech by native English listeners." Acta Acustica 7 (2023): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/aacus/2023038.

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This study examined how talker accentedness affects the recognition of noise-vocoded speech by native English listeners and how contextual information interplays with talker accentedness during this process. The listeners included 20 native English-speaking, normal-hearing adults aged between 19 and 23 years old. The stimuli were English Hearing in Noise Test (HINT) and Revised Speech Perception in Noise (R-SPIN) sentences produced by four native Mandarin talkers (two males and two females) who learned English as a second language. Two talkers (one in each sex) had a mild foreign accent and th
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9

Bak, Taejun, Junmo Lee, Hanbin Bae, Jinhyeok Yang, Jae-Sung Bae, and Young-Sun Joo. "Avocodo: Generative Adversarial Network for Artifact-Free Vocoder." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 37, no. 11 (2023): 12562–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i11.26479.

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Neural vocoders based on the generative adversarial neural network (GAN) have been widely used due to their fast inference speed and lightweight networks while generating high-quality speech waveforms. Since the perceptually important speech components are primarily concentrated in the low-frequency bands, most GAN-based vocoders perform multi-scale analysis that evaluates downsampled speech waveforms. This multi-scale analysis helps the generator improve speech intelligibility. However, in preliminary experiments, we discovered that the multi-scale analysis which focuses on the low-frequency
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10

Shi, Yong Peng. "Research and Implementation of MELP Algorithm Based on TMS320VC5509A." Advanced Materials Research 934 (May 2014): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.934.239.

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A kind of MELP vocode is designed based on DSP TMS320VC5509A in this article. Firstly, it expatiates the MELP algorithm,then the idea of modeling and realization process on DSP based is proposed. At last we can complete the function simulation of the encoding and decoding system,and the experiment result shows that the synthetical signals fit well with the original ones, and the quality of the speech got from the vocoder is good.
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11

Clark, Graeme, and Peter J. Blamey. "ELectrotactile vocoder." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 90, no. 5 (1991): 2880. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.401830.

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12

Goupell, Matthew J., Garrison T. Draves, and Ruth Y. Litovsky. "Recognition of vocoded words and sentences in quiet and multi-talker babble with children and adults." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (2020): e0244632. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244632.

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A vocoder is used to simulate cochlear-implant sound processing in normal-hearing listeners. Typically, there is rapid improvement in vocoded speech recognition, but it is unclear if the improvement rate differs across age groups and speech materials. Children (8–10 years) and young adults (18–26 years) were trained and tested over 2 days (4 hours) on recognition of eight-channel noise-vocoded words and sentences, in quiet and in the presence of multi-talker babble at signal-to-noise ratios of 0, +5, and +10 dB. Children achieved poorer performance than adults in all conditions, for both word
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13

Ding, Yuntao, Rangzhuoma Cai, and Baojia Gong. "Tibetan speech synthesis based on an improved neural network." MATEC Web of Conferences 336 (2021): 06012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202133606012.

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Nowadays, Tibetan speech synthesis based on neural network has become the mainstream synthesis method. Among them, the griffin-lim vocoder is widely used in Tibetan speech synthesis because of its relatively simple synthesis.Aiming at the problem of low fidelity of griffin-lim vocoder, this paper uses WaveNet vocoder instead of griffin-lim for Tibetan speech synthesis.This paper first uses convolution operation and attention mechanism to extract sequence features.And then uses linear projection and feature amplification module to predict mel spectrogram.Finally, use WaveNet vocoder to synthesi
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14

Eng, Erica, Can Xu, Sarah Medina, Fan-Yin Cheng, René Gifford, and Spencer Smith. "Objective discrimination of bimodal speech using the frequency following response: A machine learning approach." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, no. 4 (2022): A91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0015651.

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Bimodal hearing, which combines a cochlear implant (CI) with a contralateral hearing aid, provides significant speech recognition benefits relative to a monaural CI. Factors predicting bimodal benefit remain poorly understood but may involve extracting fundamental frequency and/or formant information from the non-implanted ear. This study investigated whether neural responses (frequency following responses, FFRs) to simulated bimodal signals can be (1) accurately classified using machine learning and (2) used to predict perceptual bimodal benefit. We hypothesized that FFR classification accura
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15

Shinohara, Yasuaki. "Japanese pitch-accent perception of noise-vocoded sine-wave speech." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, no. 4 (2022): A175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0015940.

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A previous study has demonstrated that speech intelligibility is improved for a tone language when sine-wave speech is noise-vocoded, because noise-vocoding eliminates the quasi-periodicity of sine-wave speech. This study examined whether identification accuracy of Japanese pitch-accent words increases after sine-wave speech is noise-vocoded. The results showed that the Japanese listeners’ identification accuracy significantly increased, but their discrimination accuracy did not show a significant difference between the sine-wave speech and noise-vocoded sine-wave speech conditions. These resu
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16

Jacobs, Paul E. "Variable rate vocoder." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 103, no. 4 (1998): 1700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.421053.

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17

Griffin, Daniel W., and Jae S. Lim. "Multiband excitation vocoder." IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing 36, no. 8 (1988): 1223–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/29.1651.

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18

Jeong, Changhyeon, Hyung-pil Chang, In-Chul Yoo, and Dongsuk Yook. "Wav2wav: Wave-to-Wave Voice Conversion." Applied Sciences 14, no. 10 (2024): 4251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14104251.

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Abstract (sommario):
Voice conversion is the task of changing the speaker characteristics of input speech while preserving its linguistic content. It can be used in various areas, such as entertainment, medicine, and education. The quality of the converted speech is crucial for voice conversion algorithms to be useful in these various applications. Deep learning-based voice conversion algorithms, which have been showing promising results recently, generally consist of three modules: a feature extractor, feature converter, and vocoder. The feature extractor accepts the waveform as the input and extracts speech feat
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19

Shinohara, Yasuaki. "Perception of noise-vocoded sine-wave speech of Japanese pitch-accent words." JASA Express Letters 2, no. 8 (2022): 085204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0013423.

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The present study examined whether the identification accuracy of Japanese pitch-accent words increased after the sine-wave speech underwent noise vocoding, which eliminates the quasi-periodicity of the sine-wave speech. The results demonstrated that Japanese listeners were better at discriminating sine-wave speech than noise-vocoded sine-wave speech, with no significant difference in identification between the two conditions. They identify sine-wave pitch-accent words to some extent using acoustic cues other than the pitch accent. The noise vocoder used in the present study might not have bee
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20

Niu, Qing Yu, Qiang Li, and Qin Jun Shu. "Research and Analysis on the Implementation of MELP Algorithm on DSP." Advanced Materials Research 1030-1032 (September 2014): 1755–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1030-1032.1755.

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This paper briefly analyses the principle of MELP vocoder algorithm, and TI's TMS320C5509(C5509) DSP is selected as an implementation platform of 2.4kbps MELP speech-coding algorithm. To ensure the rational and efficient utilization of the limited memory resources, this paper introduces the processing method of MELP algorithm based on frame structure and gives a profound analysis on how to configure its memory space of the selected DSP by analyzing its memory structure and considering the specific circumstances of the MELP vocoder algorithm. Finally, this paper gives the memory configuration d
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21

Hodges, Aaron, Raymond L. Goldsworthy, Matthew B. Fitzgerald, and Takako Fujioka. "Transfer effects of discrete tactile mapping of musical pitch on discrimination of vocoded stimuli." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, no. 4 (2022): A229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0016101.

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Many studies have found benefits of using somatosensory modality to augment sound information for individuals with hearing loss. However, few studies have explored the use of multiple regions of the body sensitive to vibrotactile stimulation to convey discrete F0 information, important for music perception. This study explored whether mapping of multiple finger patterns associated with musical notes can be learned quickly and transferred to discriminate vocoded auditory stimuli. Each of eight musical diatonic scale notes were associated with one of unique finger digits 2-5 patterns in the domi
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22

Tamati, Terrin N., Lars Bakker, Stefan Smeenk, Almut Jebens, Thomas Koelewijn, and Deniz Başkent. "Pupil response to familiar and unfamiliar talkers in the recognition of noise-vocoded speech." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 151, no. 4 (2022): A264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0011285.

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In some challenging listening conditions, listeners are more accurate at recognizing speech produced by a familiar talker compared to unfamiliar talkers. However, previous studies have found little to no talker-familiarity benefit in the recognition of noise-vocoded speech, potentially due to limitations in the talker-specific details conveyed in noise-vocoded signals. Although no strong effect on performance has been observed, listening to a familiar talker may reduce the listening effort experienced. The current study used pupillometry to assess how talker familiarity could impact the amount
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23

Asyraf, Muhammad A., and Dhany Arifianto. "Effect of electric-acoustic cochlear implant stimulation and coding strategies on spatial cues of speech signals in reverberant room." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, no. 4 (2022): A195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0016005.

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The comparison of spatial cues changes in different setups and coding strategies used in cochlear implants (CI) is investigated. In this experiment, we implement three voice coder setups, such as bilateral CI, bimodal CI, and electro-acoustic stimulation (EAS). Two well-known coding strategies are used, which are continuous interleaved sampling (CIS) and spectral peak (SPEAK). Speech signals are convoluted with appropriate binaural room impulse response (BRIR), creating reverberant spatial stimuli. Five different reverberant conditions (including anechoic) were applied to the stimuli. Interaur
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24

Taguchi, Tetsu. "Formant pattern matching vocoder." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 91, no. 3 (1992): 1790. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.403749.

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25

Taguchi, Tetsu. "Multi‐pulse type vocoder." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 88, no. 6 (1990): 2913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.399635.

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26

Ali, Hussnain, Nursadul Mamun, Avamarie Bruggeman, Ram Charan M. Chandra Shekar, Juliana N. Saba, and John H. L. Hansen. "The CCi-MOBILE Vocoder." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 144, no. 3 (2018): 1872. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.5068238.

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27

Hillenbrand, James M., and Robert A. Houde. "A damped sinewave vocoder." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 104, no. 3 (1998): 1835. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.424405.

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28

Liu, Ludy. "Fixed point vocoder implementation." Computer Standards & Interfaces 20, no. 6-7 (1999): 464–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-5489(99)91011-5.

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29

Gibbs, Bobby E., Joshua G. W. Bernstein, Douglas S. Brungart, and Matthew J. Goupell. "Effects of better-ear glimpsing, binaural unmasking, and spectral resolution on spatial release from masking in cochlear-implant users." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, no. 2 (2022): 1230–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0013746.

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Bilateral cochlear-implant (BICI) listeners obtain less spatial release from masking (SRM; speech-recognition improvement for spatially separated vs co-located conditions) than normal-hearing (NH) listeners, especially for symmetrically placed maskers that produce similar long-term target-to-masker ratios at the two ears. Two experiments examined possible causes of this deficit, including limited better-ear glimpsing (using speech information from the more advantageous ear in each time-frequency unit), limited binaural unmasking (using interaural differences to improve signal-in-noise detectio
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30

Wu, Ya Ting, Y. Y. Zhao, and Fei Yu. "An Improved Echo Cancellation Algorithm with Low Computational Complexity." Applied Mechanics and Materials 303-306 (February 2013): 2042–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.303-306.2042.

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A low-complexity echo canceller integrated with vocoder is proposed in this paper to speed up the convergence process. By making full use of the linear prediction parameters retrieved from decoder and the voice active detection feature of the vocoder, the new echo canceller avoids the need to calculate decorrelation filter coefficients and prewhiten the received signal separately. Simulation results show performance improvement of the proposed algorithm in terms of convergence rate and echo return loss enhancement.
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Ezzine, Kadria, Joseph Di Martino, and Mondher Frikha. "Any-to-One Non-Parallel Voice Conversion System Using an Autoregressive Conversion Model and LPCNet Vocoder." Applied Sciences 13, no. 21 (2023): 11988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app132111988.

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We present an any-to-one voice conversion (VC) system, using an autoregressive model and LPCNet vocoder, aimed at enhancing the converted speech in terms of naturalness, intelligibility, and speaker similarity. As the name implies, non-parallel any-to-one voice conversion does not require paired source and target speeches and can be employed for arbitrary speech conversion tasks. Recent advancements in neural-based vocoders, such as WaveNet, have improved the efficiency of speech synthesis. However, in practice, we find that the trajectory of some generated waveforms is not consistently smooth
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Dolson, Mark. "The Phase Vocoder: A Tutorial." Computer Music Journal 10, no. 4 (1986): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3680093.

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Ketchum, Richard H. "Code excited linear predictive vocoder." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 91, no. 6 (1992): 3594. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.402803.

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Pereira, M. A. T., and F. A. G. Ferreira. "Simulação de Um Vocoder Digital." Journal of Communication and Information Systems 2, no. 1 (1987): 49–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.14209/jcis.1987.3.

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35

Sidhu, Jaskirat, Li Xu, and Jing Yang. "Accent rating of noise- and tone-vocoded foreign-accented speech." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 153, no. 3_supplement (2023): A340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0019078.

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There are abundant acoustic-phonetic cues in speech signals for listeners to encode talker identity. However, speech signals in the real world are always less optimal due to various adverse listening sources. Vocoded speech is one type of simplified signal that has less spectral and/or temporal information in comparison to normal speech. The purpose of this study is to examine whether and how listeners’ judgment of talker accent is affected by noise and tone vocoding. Twelve Mandarin-accented English speakers with varying degree of accentedness and two native English speakers were recorded rea
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Lynch, Michael P., Rebecca E. Eilers, D. Kimbrough Oller, Richard C. Urbano, and Patricia J. Pero. "Multisensory Narrative Tracking by a Profoundly Deaf Subject Using an Electrocutaneous Vocoder and a Vibrotactile Aid." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 32, no. 2 (1989): 331–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3202.331.

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A congenitally, profoundly deaf adult who had received 41 hours of tactual word recognition training in a previous study was assessed in tracking of connected discourse. This assessment was conducted in three phases. In the first phase, the subject used the Tacticon 1600 electrocutaneous vocoder to track a narrative in three conditions: (a) lipreading and aided hearing (L+H), (b) lipreading and tactual vocoder (L+TV), and (c) lipreading, tactual vocoder, and aided hearing (L+TV+H), Subject performance was significantly better in the L+TV+H condition than in the L+H condition, suggesting that t
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Al-Radhi, Mohammed Salah, Tamás Gábor Csapó, and Géza Németh. "Continuous vocoder applied in deep neural network based voice conversion." Multimedia Tools and Applications 78, no. 23 (2019): 33549–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11042-019-08198-5.

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Abstract In this paper, a novel vocoder is proposed for a Statistical Voice Conversion (SVC) framework using deep neural network, where multiple features from the speech of two speakers (source and target) are converted acoustically. Traditional conversion methods focus on the prosodic feature represented by the discontinuous fundamental frequency (F0) and the spectral envelope. Studies have shown that speech analysis/synthesis solutions play an important role in the overall quality of the converted voice. Recently, we have proposed a new continuous vocoder, originally for statistical parametr
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Ming, Yan, Li Zhen Wang, and Xu Jiu Xia. "A Rate of 4kbps Vocoder Based on MELP." Advanced Materials Research 1030-1032 (September 2014): 1638–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1030-1032.1638.

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A 4kbps vocoder based on MELP is presented in this paper. It uses the parameter encoding and mixed excitation technology to ensure the quality of speech. Through adopting the scalar quantization of Line Spectrum Frequency (LSF), the algorithm reduces the storage and computational complexity. Meanwhile, 4kbps vocoder adds a new frame type-transition frame. The classifier can reduce the U/V decision errors and avoid excessive switching between voiced frame and unvoiced frame. A modified bit allocation table is introduced and the PESQ-MOS and coding time test shows that the synthetic speech quali
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Fodor, Ádám, László Kopácsi, Zoltán Ádám Milacski, and András Lőrincz. "Speech De-identification with Deep Neural Networks." Acta Cybernetica 25, no. 2 (2021): 257–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/actacyb.288282.

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Cloud-based speech services are powerful practical tools but the privacy of the speakers raises important legal concerns when exposed to the Internet. We propose a deep neural network solution that removes personal characteristics from human speech by converting it to the voice of a Text-to-Speech (TTS) system before sending the utterance to the cloud. The network learns to transcode sequences of vocoder parameters, delta and delta-delta features of human speech to those of the TTS engine. We evaluated several TTS systems, vocoders and audio alignment techniques. We measured the performance of
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Cychosz, Margaret, Kevin Xu, and Qian-Jie Fu. "Effects of spectral smearing on speech understanding and masking release in simulated bilateral cochlear implants." PLOS ONE 18, no. 11 (2023): e0287728. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287728.

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Differences in spectro-temporal degradation may explain some variability in cochlear implant users’ speech outcomes. The present study employs vocoder simulations on listeners with typical hearing to evaluate how differences in degree of channel interaction across ears affects spatial speech recognition. Speech recognition thresholds and spatial release from masking were measured in 16 normal-hearing subjects listening to simulated bilateral cochlear implants. 16-channel sine-vocoded speech simulated limited, broad, or mixed channel interaction, in dichotic and diotic target-masker conditions,
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41

Ao, Zhen, Feng Li, Qiang Ma, and Guiqing He. "Voice and Position Simultaneous Communication System Based on Beidou Navigation Constellation." Xibei Gongye Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University 38, no. 5 (2020): 1010–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jnwpu/20203851010.

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Considering China Beidou has unique two-way communication capability for short messages that are not available in other navigation systems such as GPS, a 600bps vocoder adapted to the short message channel of Beidou is developed. The sinusoidal excitation linear prediction algorithm is adopted by the vocoder to achieve voice communication with clear communication quality. Furthermore, a coordinate compression algorithm for processing positioning information is designed to provide more transmission space for speech encoded data. Based on the above-mentioned results, a communication system that
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42

Poojary, Nigam R., and K. H. Ashish. "Text To Speech with Custom Voice." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 4 (2023): 4523–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.51217.

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Abstract: The Text to Speech with Custom Voice system described in this work has vast applicability in numerous industries, including entertainment, education, and accessibility. The proposed text-to-speech (TTS) system is capable of generating speech audio in custom voices, even those not included in the training data. The system comprises a speaker encoder, a synthesizer, and a WaveRNN vocoder. Multiple speakers from a dataset of clean speech without transcripts are used to train the speaker encoder for a speaker verification process. The reference speech of the target speaker is used to cre
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43

Taguchi, Tetsu. "Pattern matching vocoder using LSP parameters." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 93, no. 3 (1993): 1676. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.406754.

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44

Manley, Harold J., and Joseph de Lellis. "Half duplex integral vocoder modem system." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 79, no. 4 (1986): 1198–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.393322.

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45

FISCHMAN, RAJMIL. "The phase vocoder: theory and practice." Organised Sound 2, no. 2 (1997): 127–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355771897009060.

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46

Dusheng, Wang, Zhang Jiankang, and Fan Changxin. "A single processor multi-rate vocoder." Journal of Electronics (China) 14, no. 1 (1997): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11767-996-1024-2.

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47

Brooks, P. L., B. J. Frost, J. L. Mason, and D. M. Gibson. "Word and Feature Identification by Profoundly Deaf Teenagers Using the Queen's University Tactile Vocoder." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 30, no. 1 (1987): 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3001.137.

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The experiments described are part of an ongoing evaluation of the Queen's University Tactile Vocoder, a device that allows the acoustic waveform to be felt as a vibrational pattern on the skin. Two prelingually profoundly deaf teenagers reached criterion on a 50-word vocabulary (live voice, single speaker) using information obtained solely from the tactile vocoder with 28.5 and 24.0 hours of training. Immediately following word-learning experiments, subjects were asked to place 16 CVs into five phonemic categories (voiced & unvoiced stops, voiced & unvoiced fricatives, approximants).
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48

Gauer, Johannes, Anil Nagathil, Kai Eckel, Denis Belomestny, and Rainer Martin. "A versatile deep-neural-network-based music preprocessing and remixing scheme for cochlear implant listeners." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 151, no. 5 (2022): 2975–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0010371.

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Abstract (sommario):
While cochlear implants (CIs) have proven to restore speech perception to a remarkable extent, access to music remains difficult for most CI users. In this work, a methodology for the design of deep learning-based signal preprocessing strategies that simplify music signals and emphasize rhythmic information is proposed. It combines harmonic/percussive source separation and deep neural network (DNN) based source separation in a versatile source mixture model. Two different neural network architectures were assessed with regard to their applicability for this task. The method was evaluated with
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49

Xiao, Qiang, Liang Chen, and Chao Geng. "Low Bit Rate Speech Coding Using Lattice Vector Quantization and Time-Scale Modification." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 5111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.5111.

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This paper presents a low bit rate speech coder based on predictive lattice vector quantization (PLVQ) and time-scale modification (TSM). The coding model of proposed vocoder is built on the MELP, in which bit rate reduction is achieved by taking advantage of PLVQ and TSM techniques. PLVQ is used to encode the speech line spectrum pair (LSP) parameters, which has the advantage of lower implementation complexity than multi-stage vector quantization (MSVQ), moreover, it does not require memory for codebook storage. With our speech data base, PLVQ can save up to 4 bits/frame compared to unstructu
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50

McGee, W. F., and Paul Merkley. "A Real-Time Logarithmic-Frequency Phase Vocoder." Computer Music Journal 15, no. 1 (1991): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3680383.

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