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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Water Purification Disinfection By-products"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 28 gennaio 2023

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1

Matsumoto, Takahiro, Ichiro Tatsuno, and Tadao Hasegawa. "Instantaneous Water Purification by Deep Ultraviolet Light in Water Waveguide: Escherichia Coli Bacteria Disinfection." Water 11, no. 5 (May 9, 2019): 968. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11050968.

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The necessity of small water purification equipment has been increasing in recent years as a result of frequent natural disasters. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation treatment is an effective method for the disinfection of bacterial contaminants in water. As an emerging technology, disinfection by deep-ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (DUV-LEDs) is promising. Few studies have used the point-source characteristics of LEDs and have instead replaced mercury vapor lamps with LEDs. Here, we demonstrate the instantaneous purification of contaminated water by combining the point source characteristics of DU

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2

Gibbons, J., and S. Laha. "Water purification systems: a comparative analysis based on the occurrence of disinfection by-products." Environmental Pollution 106, no. 3 (September 1999): 425–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0269-7491(99)00097-4.

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3

STRUTYNSKA, Lesya. "EVALUATION OF ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF INNOVATIVE WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES OF SWIMMING POOLS AND WATER PARKS." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Economic sciences 308, no. 4 (July 28, 2022): 202–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2022-308-4-32.

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Typical processes of water purification and water treatment of water park pools are considered. The method of economic estimation of efficiency of their application is offered. The methodology is based on the introduction of a number of indicators of the quality of the water treatment process of calculating the coefficient of “efficiency criterion” of water treatment of swimming pools. The purpose of this study was to develop an innovative technology of electrolytic-cavitation water treatment for swimming pools and water parks and to create a method of comparative evaluation of the effectivene

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4

Schmidt, Wido, Ute Böhme, Frank Sacher, and Heinz-Jürgen Brauch. "Minimization Of Disinfection By-Products Formation In Water Purification Process Using Chlorine Dioxide — Case Studies." Ozone: Science & Engineering 22, no. 2 (January 2000): 215–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01919510008547222.

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5

Reshnyak, Valerii I., Aleksandr I. Kaliaush, and Ksenia V. Reshnyak. "DEVELOPMENT OF BALLAST WATER PURIFICATION AND DISINFECTION TECHNOLOGY." Vestnik Gosudarstvennogo universiteta morskogo i rechnogo flota imeni admirala S. O. Makarova 14, no. 3 (September 2, 2022): 365–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21821/2309-5180-2022-14-3-365-373.

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The technology of purification and disinfection of ballast water developed by the authors is presented in the paper. Based on the results of a systematic analysis of the problem and on research experience in this field, it has been shown that the quality of ballast water discharged overboard after its use as ballast is determined by such basic factors as purification technology and design features of treatment devices, as well as conditions for operations with ballast water. The technology of ballast water purification as a complex of operations for purification, treatment and disinfection is

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6

Matsumoto, Takahiro, Tsuyoshi Hoshiai, Ichiro Tatsuno, and Tadao Hasegawa. "Action Spectra of Bacteria and Purification of Pollutant Water at Faucets Using a Water Waveguide Method." Water 14, no. 9 (April 26, 2022): 1394. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14091394.

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Ultraviolet (UV) radiation treatment is an effective method for purifying pollutant water contaminated with bacteria and/or chemicals. As an emerging technology, purification by deep ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (DUV-LEDs) is promising. Few studies have used the point-source characteristics of LEDs and have instead replaced mercury vapor lamps with LEDs. Here, we show our recent progress in the instantaneous purification of contaminated water by combining the point-source characteristics of DUV-LEDs with a water waveguide (WW). Before the demonstration, we determined the efficacy of disin

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7

Zhang, Shuo, and Ruhua Wang. "Study on the change of organic matter along the Processes of Drinking Water Plant." E3S Web of Conferences 118 (2019): 03023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911803023.

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According to contaminated raw water and drinking water purification processes, volatile/semi-volatile organic compounds in water are determined by GC-MS. The changes of the organic along the process and water quality from unsafe to safe process were revealed. The results show that there are odorous substances such as heptanal in raw water, which are not detected after the filtration. The composition of volatile organic compounds changes a lot after the ozone activated carbon process, thus anthropogenic pollutants are no longer detected such as 5-ethyl-5-(3-hydroxy isopentyl)-barbituric acid. H

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8

Iannelli, R., S. Ripari, B. Casini, A. Buzzigoli, G. Privitera, M. Verani, and A. Carducci. "Feasibility assessment of surface water disinfection by ultrafiltration." Water Supply 14, no. 4 (January 30, 2014): 522–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2014.003.

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Ultrafiltration (UF) has been presented as an alternative to chemical disinfection to obtain safe drinking water, for its ability to remove microbiological contamination. Hollow-fiber UF membranes are designed as an effective barrier to microorganisms, for their high manufacturing integrity and for the ‘potting’ method adopted to seal fibers to the feeding/extraction manifold. While the main advantage over chemical disinfection is the drastic reduction of disinfection-by-product (DBP) formation, some chemicals are still required to control fouling and related sanitary risks. This study aims at

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9

Deng, Daosheng, Wassim Aouad, William A. Braff, Sven Schlumpberger, Matthew E. Suss, and Martin Z. Bazant. "Water purification by shock electrodialysis: Deionization, filtration, separation, and disinfection." Desalination 357 (February 2015): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2014.11.011.

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10

Jung, Y. J., B. S. Oh, J. W. Kang, M. A. Page, M. J. Phillips, and B. J. Mariñas. "Control of disinfection and halogenated disinfection byproducts by the electrochemical process." Water Science and Technology 55, no. 12 (June 1, 2007): 213–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.409.

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The aim of this study was to investigate some aspects of the performance of electrochemical process as an alternative disinfection strategy, while minimising DBPs, for water purification. The study of electrochemical processes has shown free chlorine to be produced, but smaller amounts of stronger oxidants, such as ozone, hydrogen peroxide and OH radicals (•OH), were also generated. The formation of mixed oxidants increased with increasing electric conductivity, but was limited at conductivities greater than 0.6 mS/cm. Using several microorganisms, such as E. coli and MS2 bacteriophage, inacti

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11

Suh, In-Yong, Dong-Min Lee, and Sang-Woo Kim. "Self-Powered Water Disinfection System Acheving a Novel Oxidation-Assisted Electroporation Mechansim with Rotational Triboelectric Nanogenerator." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 36 (October 9, 2022): 1298. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02361298mtgabs.

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In world, one of three people lack reliable access to clean water and water-borne diseases resulting from pathogenic microbescontaminated water remain a great threat to public health. Disinfection is an effective drinking water purification method; however, the most commonly used water disinfection method, chlorination, is limited by carcinogenic disinfection byproducts formation. Alternative methods such as ultraviolet (UV) radiation and membrane filtration suffer from drawbacks such as pathogen regrowth, low throughput, and intensive energy/chemical consumption. In addition, the methods have

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12

Reshnyak, Valeriy Ivanovich, Alexander Ivanovich Kalyaush, and Dmitry Igorevich Rochev. "Technology of purifying and disinfecting ballast water." Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies 2021, no. 1 (February 26, 2021): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2021-1-32-38.

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The paper considers the problem of transferring microorganisms with ballast water used in the ship operation. It is noted that the search for a solution to the above problem takes a significant amount of time and requires developing special purifying equipment for disinfecting ballast water. Currently, there are various plants ensuring the decreased number of microorganisms in the process of disinfection. There has been proposed a new technology for ballast water treatment and decontamination that involves depositing microorganisms, removing them from the total volume of ballast water followed

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13

Stoeva, Donka, Hafize Fidan, and Stanislava Tasheva. "Cavitation water treatment with GE USM cleaner device." BIO Web of Conferences 45 (2022): 03002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20224503002.

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Cavitation treatment of surface and natural waters is a method for their microbiological purification. The aim of the present paper was to investigate the possibilities for the disinfection of natural waters by cavitation treatment with a Ge USM Cleaner device. A full factorial experiment of type 22 was performed. The factors influencing the water purification process were studied. Based on the obtained experimental results, the activation energy, the thermal effect due to the disinfection of the water and the rate constant of the process were calculated. The thermodynamic parameters of the tr

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14

Pchelnikov, Igor V., Alexey I. Vergunov, and Arkady Y. Cherkesov. "Production Tests of the Don Water Purification and Disinfection Technology." Materials Science Forum 1052 (February 3, 2022): 454–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-0a724x.

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One of the promising ways to reduce the content of organic pollutants in natural waters is the use of biological processes in combination with sorption on powdered activated carbon followed by membrane filtration and, as the final stage, disinfection of the obtained permeate by direct electrolysis. The paper presents the results of the efficiency of purification of the Don water, which underwent physicochemical treatment from halogen-organic contaminants in a biosorption-membrane reactor and the dependencies characterizing the disinfection of water by direct electrolysis in a flow-through memb

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15

Koval, Iryna. "Synergistic Effect of Ultrasound Cavitation and Gas in the Water Disinfection." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 15, no. 4 (November 25, 2021): 575–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht15.04.575.

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The paper considers water purification processes from Bacillus bacteria type under the conditions of gases bubbling only (argon, helium, oxygen, and carbon dioxide), cavitation and combined action of gas and cavitation. The synergistic effect was found under conditions of simultaneous action of gas and cavitation (kd(gas/US ) >kd(gas) + kd(US) almost double) and it was shown that kd(gas/US) >kd(gas) by almost an order of magnitude. Relative series of effective destruction of microbial cells was established: Ar/US > О2/US >Не/US > СО2/US. Destruction degree of the cells reaches 7

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16

Torres, Patricia, Camilo Hernán Cruz Vélez, Magally González, Héctor Mario Gutiérrez, Luz Edith Barba, Juan Carlos Escobar, and Luis Germán Delgado. "Pentachlorophenol reduction in raw Cauca river water through activated carbon adsorption in water purification." Ingeniería e Investigación 28, no. 3 (September 1, 2008): 92–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v28n3.15126.

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Reducing chemical risk in raw water from the River Cauca (caused by the presence of pentachlorophenol and organic matter (real color, UV254 absorbance)) was evaluated at bench scale by using three treatment sequences: adsorption with powdered activated coal (PAC); adsorption – coagulation; and, adsorption – disinfection – coagulation. The results showed that although PAC is appropriate for pentachlorophenol removal, and its use together with the coagulant (aluminium sulphate) significantly improved phenolic compound and organic matter removal (promoting enhanced coagulation), the most efficien

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17

Darabee, Sonia, Mohammad Hamdan, Hadi Daghari, and Salman Ajib. "Enrichment of the Usage of Solar Purification of Water by Employing Hybrid Nanofluid Mixtures." Energies 15, no. 16 (August 18, 2022): 5983. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15165983.

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In terms of human needs, water has traditionally been regarded as the most significant bioresource. However, there are still limitations on the quality and mobility of drinking water. Renewable energy technologies are at the forefront of research to bridge the gap between conventional fuels and renewable energy systems. Currently, the main objective is to speed up the solar water disinfection process of contaminated water when hybrid nanofluid mixtures are added. Five hybrid nanofluid mixtures containing different amounts of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and Titanium oxide (TiO2) nanoparticles were u

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18

Toui, Syuji. "The Oxidation of Manganese and Disinfection By Ozonation in Water Purification Processing." Ozone: Science & Engineering 13, no. 6 (December 1991): 623–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01919512.1991.10555706.

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19

Krutau, A. V., M. M. Dechko, and M. A. Boika. "Optimization of Wastewater Treatment Process on Energy Costs at Truck and Tractor Washing Posts." Science & Technique 18, no. 5 (October 14, 2019): 436–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2019-18-5-436-442.

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The paper considers a process pertaining to purification of oily effluents while using electrocoagulation, electro-flotation and an electromagnetic hydro-cyclone, implemented with the help of a laboratory unit (Patent of the Republic of Belarus for the invention No 21229). The investigations have been carried out with the purpose to optimize specific energy consumption for the process of cleaning fuel and lubricants effluents. The following investigation methods have been applied – a literature review, a comparative analysis, an experiment execution, a mathematical modeling. Content of oil pro

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20

Mizgirev, Dmitriy S., and Nikolay M. Guryanov. "ANALYSIS OF TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS FOR SHIP POTABLE WATER SYSTEMS." Russian Journal of Water Transport, no. 63 (June 1, 2020): 77–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.37890/jwt.vi63.79.

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The article provides an overview and analysis of all main types of potable water systems currently used on inland and mixed navigation vessels: without potable water treatment; with elements of potable water disinfection and conditioning; with complete purification and disinfection of potable water. The operation principles of potable water systems of all types and designs are considered in detail, all the advantages and disadvantages of these systems are noted. Special attention is paid to stations for preparing potable water by using UV lamps, which essentially differ in the technological pr

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21

Koval, Iryna. "Water disinfection under the helium influence." Technology audit and production reserves 4, no. 3(60) (June 30, 2021): 6–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2021.235933.

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The object of research is the process of water disinfection at the influence of gas from bacteria of a particular genus with different amounts per unit volume of water. Due to the annual increase in the amount of pollutants in natural waters, new opportunities to improve microbiological indicators of water quality are being explored. There are many different ways to disinfect it, both physical and chemical. However, no single method has been found to purify aqueous media from microorganisms that would ensure their effective destruction. It is proposed to study the activity of specific microorg

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22

Zhuravlev, Igor. "Sorption Membranes and Filter for Water Purification and Disinfection in Outdoor Conditions." Colloids and Interfaces 3, no. 1 (March 11, 2019): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/colloids3010035.

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The aim of this article was to develop a simple, cheap, light, highly efficient sorption membrane and filtering device for the purification of naturally polluted water with application in outdoor conditions. Sorption membranes have been prepared from cellulose pulp using paper and pulp technology. The sorbents were introduced into paper pulp as a filler (as activated carbon) or were chemically grafted to cellulose fibers. The absorption ability of such membranes assembled in a filter device has been investigated. The removal of weighted small mechanical particles, microorganisms, dissolved org

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23

Deryabkina, L. A., B. I. Marchenko, N. K. Plugotarenko, and A. I. Yukhno. "Assessing efficiency of pre-ammonization aimed at reducing carcinogenic risks caused by trihalomethanes in drinking water." Health Risk Analysis, no. 3 (September 2020): 70–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21668/health.risk/2020.3.08.

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In most Russian regions there is still a pressing issue related to providing population with high quality and safe drinking water. Up to now, chlorination has been the primary technique applied to disinfect drinking water as it is highly efficient, reliable, and relatively cheap. However, when chlorine is used to disinfect natural water that contains organic pollutants, it results in risks of by-products occurrence. These products are trihalomethanes, epigenetic carcinogenesis promoters that cause elevated carcinogenic risks under oral, inhalation, and subcutaneous exposure. Our research goal

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24

Deryabkina, L. A., B. I. Marchenko, N. K. Plugotarenko, and A. I. Yukhno. "Assessing efficiency of pre-ammonization aimed at reducing carcinogenic risks caused by trihalomethanes in drinking water." Health Risk Analysis, no. 3 (September 2020): 70–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21668/health.risk/2020.3.08.eng.

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In most Russian regions there is still a pressing issue related to providing population with high quality and safe drinking water. Up to now, chlorination has been the primary technique applied to disinfect drinking water as it is highly efficient, reliable, and relatively cheap. However, when chlorine is used to disinfect natural water that contains organic pollutants, it results in risks of by-products occurrence. These products are trihalomethanes, epigenetic carcinogenesis promoters that cause elevated carcinogenic risks under oral, inhalation, and subcutaneous exposure. Our research goal

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25

Greene, D. J., C. N. Haas, and B. Farouk. "Numerical simulation of chlorine disinfection processes." Water Supply 2, no. 3 (July 1, 2002): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2002.0099.

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The efficacy of disinfection processes in water purification systems is governed by several key factors including reactor hydraulics, disinfectant chemistry and microbial inactivation kinetics. The objective of this work was to develop a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to predict flow structure, mass transport and chlorine decay in a continuous flow pilot scale reactor. These predictions were compared with experimental measurements for model validation. The current research demonstrates that inlet configurations can significantly impact reactor hydrodynamics.

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26

Malczewska, Beata. "Evaluation of effectiveness of natural organic compounds removal from water in hybrid processes." Journal of Water and Land Development 30, no. 1 (September 1, 2016): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jwld-2016-0024.

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Abstract Natural organic matter (Natural Organic Matter – NOM) represents a mixture of diverse chemical structure and different properties. The humic substances constitute an important component of NOM, and they are responsible for water color and taste, also they can contribute to the formation of disinfection by-products (DBP). Therefore, removal of NOM is considered to be one of the important technological operations during water treatment. The present study evaluate the effectiveness of NOM removal from water by one of the hybrid process and the results showed that the use of this process

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27

Knežević, Nemanja, and Srboljub Nikolić. "Water quality monitoring after floods." Odrzivi razvoj 3, no. 1 (2021): 47–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/odrraz2101047k.

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Safe drinking water is one of the most important conditions for a healthy life. However, in case of disasters and emergencies, the water is often contaminated with various impurities of physical, chemical and/or biological origin. These contaminations can lead to a number of health problems, including various infectious diseases. For that reason, it is important to act preventively, and to perform appropriate treatment and water purification in a timely and urgent manner, depending on the type of pollution. In order to determine the type of pollution and perform the appropriate water treatment

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28

Benjamin, Earl, Aron Reznik, Ellis Benjamin, Saroj K. Pramanik, Louise Sowers, and Arthur L. Williams. "Mathematical models for Enterococcus faecalis recovery after microwave water disinfection." Journal of Water and Health 7, no. 4 (July 1, 2009): 699–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2009.132.

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Microwave water disinfection is a rapid purification technique which can give billions of people access to clean drinking water. However, better understanding of bacterial recovery after microwave heating over time is necessary to determine parameters such as delayed bacterial growth rates and maximum bacterial yields. Mathematical models for Enterococcus faecalis recovery after microwave treatment in optimum growth conditions were developed for times up to 5 minutes using an optical absorbance method. Microwave times below 3 minutes (2,450 MHz, 130 W) showed that bacterial recovery maintained

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Kitazawa, H. "Keeping residual chlorine and decreasing unpleasant odor caused by disinfection of tap water." Water Supply 6, no. 2 (March 1, 2006): 193–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2006.069.

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Keeping residual chlorine at a certain level in tap water is effective not only in improving sanitary conditions but also in suppressing the regrowth of microorganisms and preventing the formation of biofilms on the internal surface of distribution pipelines. However, in our recent survey about customer satisfaction, over 50% of the customers were not satisfied with tap water for drinking. One of the main reasons for the dissatisfaction was the odor or taste caused by the disinfection process. We therefore investigated the behavior of residual chlorine in the water distribution network by esti

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Naumova, Olga Valerievna, Elena Vladimirovna Spiridonova, and Danila Sergeevich Katkov. "Device for water treatment and water purification." Agrarian Scientific Journal, no. 4 (April 20, 2022): 89–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2022i4pp89-91.

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The article is devoted to the problems of water purification and organization of water treatment for engineering systems. Well-known methods of water treatment, such as mechanical, electrophysical, chemical, are not always able to ensure the quality of water in heat supply systems. Modern trends in the development of industry are aimed at the modernization of technological equipment in terms of the implementation of new progressive technologies. For the efficient operation of water heaters and to reduce heat losses in the heating and water supply system of the building, it is necessary to mini

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Naumova, Olga Valerievna, Elena Vladimirovna Spiridonova, and Danila Sergeevich Katkov. "Device for water treatment and water purification." Agrarian Scientific Journal, no. 4 (April 20, 2022): 89–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2022i4pp89-91.

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Abstract (sommario):

The article is devoted to the problems of water purification and organization of water treatment for engineering systems. Well-known methods of water treatment, such as mechanical, electrophysical, chemical, are not always able to ensure the quality of water in heat supply systems. Modern trends in the development of industry are aimed at the modernization of technological equipment in terms of the implementation of new progressive technologies. For the efficient operation of water heaters and to reduce heat losses in the heating and water supply system of the building, it is necessary to mini

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Hillebrand, Theodor, Yannik Auth, David Horch, Maike Taddiken, and Konstantin Tscherkaschin. "SCIPIO—Scientific Purification Indicator." Proceedings 2, no. 13 (December 6, 2018): 960. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2130960.

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This paper presents a new way of dealing with drinkable water shortness all over the world. The developed devices’ functionality is based on the well-known and established SODIS (SOlar DISinfection) method. The whole device, Scipio—Scientific Purification Indicator, is designed in a way, that it is self-powered by solar cells and can be placed inside a bottle in order to provide best measurements. The device is capable of communicate via Bluetooth with other devices. Thus, an observation or control of the correct application of the SODIS method can be established. The paradigm shift we offer i

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Ehdaie, Beeta, Yi-Hsuan Su, Nathan S. Swami, and James A. Smith. "Protozoa and Virus Disinfection by Silver- and Copper-Embedded Ceramic Tablets for Water Purification." Journal of Environmental Engineering 146, no. 4 (April 2020): 04020015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)ee.1943-7870.0001664.

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Tkachenko, I. S., S. N. Tkachenko, and V. V. Lunin. "The principles of ‘green chemistry’ using the example of design and operation of an underground water treatment station at a Moscow food processing enterprise for purification out of compounds of iron and the utilization of byproducts." Water Practice and Technology 10, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2015.005.

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This paper deals with the technology of ozonation together with sorption on activated carbons (AC) and its compliance with 12 principles of green chemistry. The report also provides an illustrative example of a drinking water treatment station with a capacity of 160 m3/h which purifies underground water from ions of iron by using ozone sorption technology and 12 principles of green chemistry. R&D, design, construction, and maintenance of the station are described. Our company LLC NVF ‘TIMIS’ was the first to propose an environmentally friendly method of disposal of residual products after

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Nikolaeva, Arina V., Natalya A. Zhitova, Pavel А. Agafonov, Sergey A. Polovkov, Lidia А. Norina, and Mikhail A. Troshin. "Analysis of the efficiency of stage-by-stage treatment of rainwater and industrial wastewater during the operation of oil pipelines and petroleum products’ pipelines." SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGIES OIL AND OIL PRODUCTS PIPELINE TRANSPORTATION 10, no. 4 (August 31, 2020): 412–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.28999/2541-9595-2020-10-4-412-426.

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Treatment of rainwater industrial wastewater during the operation of oil pipelines and petroleum products’ pipelines is a complex technological process that involves water purification from dissolved and emulsified oil products, oil, suspended solids and other polluting components. Organizations of the Transneft system have implemented a highly efficient technology for treatment of oily effluents, which makes it possible to reduce the level of pollutants to standard values. In order to assess the efficiency of the treatment facilities, an industrial, environmental and analytical control has be

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Joó, Szilvia, and Rita Földényi. "Removal of dissolved organic matter (DOM) from water with activated carbon and effective microorganisms." Water Supply 12, no. 1 (February 1, 2012): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2011.119.

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Humic substances (HS) cause problems in water purification because of disinfection by-product (DBP) formation during chlorination. The efficiency of activated carbon (AC) adsorption as a method in drinking water treatment has been investigated in removing HS at different pH values (pH = 5; 6; 7; 8) in static equilibrium experiments. The degradation of HS was studied with an EM (effective microorganisms) bacteria community, and solutions of fulvic acid, sodium humate furthermore extracts of sandy soil were investigated. EM products are widely used but their effect on HS has not been investigate

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37

Geldreich, Edwin. "Control of Microorganisms of Public Health Concern in Water." Journal of the IEST 29, no. 2 (March 1, 1986): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/jiet.1.29.2.8273n444t436513k.

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Abstract (sommario):

The concept of microbial barriers in water supply and wastewater treatment involves a variety of processes other than disinfection. Many of these treatment processes have evolved from the enhancement of some factors associated with natural self-purification (sedimentation, aeration, nutrient limitations, water pH, etc.). Utilizing the multiple barrier concept in treatment of wastes before discharge to receiving waters and the further refinement possible by natural self-purification processes in the stream are beneficial in optimizing the quality of this raw water resource prior to further proc

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38

Lebedev, N. M., V. A. Grachev, O. V. Plyamina, O. Yu Lebedev, D. S. Lukichyova, V. A. Doilnitsyn, A. A. Akatov, and L. V. Leonov. "Testing Combined Application of Ultraviolet and Ultrasonic Disinfection of Wastewater." Ecology and Industry of Russia 23, no. 7 (July 19, 2019): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2019-7-26-30.

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Abstract (sommario):

The article presents the results of an industrial test of a new technique for wastewater disinfection that combines ultrasonic and ultraviolet methods at the final stage of water purification in order to destroy pathogenic microorganisms, and thereby prevent the spread of infectious diseases. The new method was developed and patented by the authors; it has been tested at one of the most advanced water utilities in Russia, SUE “Vodokanal of St. Petersburg”. The combined ultraviolet and ultrasonic wastewater treatment proved to be effective.

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39

Rodda, N., B. Bateman, and R. Kfir. "Removal of Salmonella Typhi, Shigella Dysenteriae, Vibrio Cholerae and Rotavirus from Water Using a Water Treatment Tablet." Water Science and Technology 27, no. 3-4 (February 1, 1993): 347–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0373.

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Abstract (sommario):

Chlor-floc tablets are intended for purification of small quantities of water for individual use by combined flocculation and disinfection. Removal of Escherichia coll E25, various viruses and Giardia cysts from polluted water by Chlor-floc has been previously demonstrated. This study evaluated the efficiency of removal of Salmonella typhi, Shigella dysenteriae, Vibrio cholerae and rotavirus from simulated hard water of high organic content and colour. All four pathogenic microorganisms were successfully removed within the recommended treatment time. Log removals of 7-8 log were achieved for b

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40

Zhang, Yue, Xinhua Zhao, Xinbo Zhang, and Sen Peng. "A review of different drinking water treatments for natural organic matter removal." Water Supply 15, no. 3 (January 23, 2015): 442–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2015.011.

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Abstract (sommario):

In the past decades, natural organic matter (NOM), which is a complex heterogeneous mixture of organic materials that are commonly present in all surface, ground and soil waters, has had an adverse effect on drinking water treatment. The existence of NOM results in many problems in drinking water treatment processes, and the properties and amount of NOM can significantly affect the efficiency of these processes. NOM not only influences the water quality with respect to taste, color and odor problems, but it also reacts with disinfectants, increasing the amount of disinfection by-products. NOM

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41

J P, Malavika, and Shobana C. "Fabrication of potable and eco-friendly solar disinfection (sodis) unit and its performance analysis." Kongunadu Research Journal 8, no. 1 (June 4, 2021): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/krj.2021.7.

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Abstract (sommario):

Solar disinfection (SODIS) is a technique, which involves utilization of solar energy to make safe drinking water from biologically contaminated water. In the conventional SODIS method, the PET bottles are filled with polluted water and exposed to the sunlight for a certain period depending upon the local weather conditions. However much more effective disinfection system is needed to overcome the problems of inefficient utilization of available solar energy and the health risk posed by treating the water using chemicals during the purification process. Hence, the present work aims in designin

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42

Ding, Yajie, Chong Zhang, Guoqiang Cai, Ke Xu, Jindan Wu, Jinhuan Zheng, and Jiping Wang. "A facile preparation of cotton fabric containing hybrid poly(sodium methacrylate)/silver nanoparticles for oil removal and water disinfection." Textile Research Journal 89, no. 23-24 (May 13, 2019): 5096–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517519849470.

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Abstract (sommario):

Water scarcity and pollution has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Generally, both oils and microorganisms exist in polluted water, hence multi-functional materials for the removal of diverse substances from water are desired. We reported a facile method for preparing cotton fabric possessing hybrid poly(sodium methacrylate) (pNaMAA)/silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for oil/water separation and water disinfection. A crosslinked pNaMAA layer was generated on the cotton surface by ultraviolet-initiated polymerization. By replacing Na+in pNaMAA molecules, Ag+was incorporated into

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43

Matoh, Lev, Boštjan Žener, and Boštjan Genorio. "Green Synthesis of Immobilized CuO Photocatalyst for Disinfection of Water." Sustainability 14, no. 17 (August 25, 2022): 10581. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141710581.

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Abstract (sommario):

A green method for depositing a CuO layer with good adhesion and a large surface area on a support of activated alumina (Al2O3) was evaluated. The relatively simple method consists of adsorption of a copper salt on the surface of Al2O3, formation of Cu(OH)2, and subsequent decomposition of the hydroxide to CuO. The XRD confirmed that the deposited photocatalyst crystalized at low temperatures (80 °C). Furthermore, BET measurements show a surface area of about 90 m2/g. The large surface area is the result of the speed of the conversion and decomposition reactions. The photokilling properties of

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44

Bischoff, A., J. H. Fan, P. Cornel, M. Wagner, and L. M. Ma. "Disinfection of treated wastewater as an essential purification step for safe urban reuse: a comparative pilot study of UV- and ClO2-disinfection systems for urban reuse applications in China." Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination 3, no. 3 (March 7, 2013): 325–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wrd.2013.087.

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Abstract (sommario):

Disinfection of wastewater is vital in addressing the potential health risks of urban water reuse. To compare the applicability of wastewater disinfection methods other than chlorine, identical pilot plants that used ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and chlorine dioxide (ClO2) dosing were installed at municipal wastewater treatment plants in Shanghai, China and Darmstadt, Germany. The investigation included public health and environmental aspects associated with the two disinfection methods. The results of the pilot-scale studies suggest that, in order to comply with Chinese water quality standard

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45

Libecki, B. "The effectiveness of humic acid coagulation with the use of cationic polyacrylamides." Water Science and Technology 61, no. 6 (March 1, 2010): 1555–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.663.

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Abstract (sommario):

The chemical coagulation process is a popular method for eliminating the precursors of disinfection by-products. This study presents the results of a laboratory experiment which investigates the use of cationic polyacrylamide copolymers (CPAMs) as primary coagulants in the purification of solutions containing humic acids (HA). A number of polymers with various molecular weight and charge density were tested. The optimal doses were determined by colloidal titration. The effectiveness of coagulation-flocculation was determined by jar test method. The post-coagulation suspension was separated by

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46

Libecki, B. "The effectiveness of humic acids coagulation with the use of cationic polyacrylamides." Water Science and Technology 63, no. 9 (May 1, 2011): 1944–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.194.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

The chemical coagulation process is a popular method for eliminating the precursors of disinfection by-products. This study presents the results of a laboratory experiment which investigates the use of cationic polyacrylamide copolymers (CPAMs) as primary coagulants in the purification of solutions containing humic acids (HA). A number of polymers with various molecular weight and charge density were tested. The optimal doses were determined by colloidal titration. The effectiveness of coagulation-flocculation was determined by jar test method. The post-coagulation suspension was separated by

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47

Friedlander, Lonia R., Neha Puri, Martin A. A. Schoonen, and A. Wali Karzai. "The effect of pyrite on Escherichia coli in water: proof-of-concept for the elimination of waterborne bacteria by reactive minerals." Journal of Water and Health 13, no. 1 (June 9, 2014): 42–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2014.013.

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Abstract (sommario):

We present proof-of-concept results for the elimination of waterborne bacteria by reactive minerals. We exposed Escherichia coli MG1655 suspended in water to the reactive mineral pyrite (FeS2) at room temperature and ambient light. This slurry eliminates 99.9% of bacteria in fewer than 4 hours. We also exposed Escherichia coli to pyrite leachate (supernatant liquid from slurry after 24 hours), which eliminates 99.99% of bacteria over the same time-scale. Unlike SOlar water DISinfection (SODIS), our results do not depend on the presence of ultraviolet (UV) light. We confirmed this by testing pr

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48

Matseluk, Ye M., D. V. Charnyy, V. D. Levytska, and S. V. Marysyk. "New technological solutions for water treatment systems in modern conditions." Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник "Меліорація і водне господарство", no. 2 (December 23, 2021): 201–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31073/mivg202102-303.

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Abstract (sommario):

The current state of water quality formation in surface water bodies, which serve as sources of drinking water supply in the Dnieper river basin, was considered. The water treatment technologies currently used in Ukraine, were analyzed. The inconsistency of these technologies with the current water quality in these sources of water supply was established, as these technologies are not quite suitable for the purification of water with a significant organic component of any genesis. It was found that one of the main factors that influences the quality of water in water bodies in the warm period

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49

Danil de Namor, A. F. "Water purification: from ancient civilization to the XXI Century." Water Supply 7, no. 1 (March 1, 2007): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2007.004.

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Abstract (sommario):

Ancient civilization valued the vital role of water in human life. As reflected in the literature, environmental awareness led to early water treatments and these are briefly described in this paper. Thus the period prior to 500 BC to 1000 AD saw the use of naturally occurring materials for water purification, the building of aqueducts, and the introduction of the distillation process. This was followed by a dormant period of five centuries in which hardly any progress was made in water purification methodology. From the 17th to the 19th century, progress was made on filtration processes and t

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50

Johan, Erni, Verónica Américo António Fernando, Salma Sadia, Satoshi Mitsunobu, Soichiro Hirai, and Naoto Matsue. "A new tool for disinfecting household drinking water for rural residents: protonated mordenite-embedded sheet." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 12, no. 3 (February 21, 2022): 271–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2022.202.

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Abstract (sommario):

Abstract Many rural residents in developing countries drink water contaminated with feces due to inadequate purification, causing many diarrheal deaths, most of them infants. We have fabricated a protonated (H+-retaining) mordenite-embedded non-woven fabric sheet (H-MES) as a new tool for disinfecting drinking water at home. Proton retention amount was 1.2 mmol per gram of mordenite, 75% of its cation-exchange capacity. The H-MES released protons through cation exchange with cations in aqueous solutions, lowering the pH of the solutions to below 4. This low pH led to disinfecting 100 mL of 100

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