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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Word recognition models"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 1 febbraio 2022

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Word recognition models"

1

Norris, Dennis. "Models of visual word recognition". Trends in Cognitive Sciences 17, n. 10 (ottobre 2013): 517–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2013.08.003.

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Weber, Andrea, e Odette Scharenborg. "Models of spoken-word recognition". Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science 3, n. 3 (2 aprile 2012): 387–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1178.

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Seidenberg, Mark S. "Constraining models of word recognition". Cognition 20, n. 2 (luglio 1985): 169–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-0277(85)90052-6.

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4

Koerich, A. L. "Handwritten Word Recognition Using Markov Models". IEEE Latin America Transactions 2, n. 2 (giugno 2004): 132–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tla.2004.1468632.

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Koerich, A. L. "Handwritten Word Recognition Using Markov Models". IEEE Latin America Transactions 2, n. 2 (giugno 2004): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tla.2004.1642391.

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6

Amano, Shigeaki. "Overview of models on spoken word recognition." Japanese journal of psychology 70, n. 3 (1999): 228–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/jjpsy.70.228.

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Seidenberg, Mark S. "Explanatory adequacy and models of word recognition". Behavioral and Brain Sciences 8, n. 4 (dicembre 1985): 724–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x00045921.

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8

Seidenberg, Mark S., David C. Plaut, Alan S. Petersen, James L. McClelland e Ken McRae. "Nonword pronunciation and models of word recognition." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 20, n. 6 (1994): 1177–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0096-1523.20.6.1177.

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Jianing Dai. "Isolated word recognition using Markov chain models". IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing 3, n. 6 (1995): 458–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/89.482213.

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Seidenberg, Mark S., Alan Petersen, Maryellen C. MacDonald e David C. Plaut. "Pseudohomophone effects and models of word recognition." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 22, n. 1 (1996): 48–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.22.1.48.

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Tesi sul tema "Word recognition models"

1

Wagenmakers, Eric-Jan. "Priming in visual word recognition empirical studies and computational models /". [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2001. http://dare.uva.nl/document/85533.

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2

Lacouture, Yves. "Connectionist models of choice and reaction time in psychophysics and word recognition". Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74588.

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A connectionist architecture is developed that can be used for modeling choice probabilities and reaction times in psychophysics and word recognition. The network architecture consists of a feed-forward network and a decoding module. Learning is by mean-variance back-propagation, an extension of the standard back-propagation learning algorithm. The new learning procedure is interpreted as a selective attention mechanism, and leads to a better model of learning in simple identification tasks than the standard back-propagation. Choice probabilities are modeled by the input/output relations of the network, and reaction times are modeled by the time taken for the network, particularly the decoding module, to achieve a stable state. The model is applied to both unidimensional and multidimensional identification tasks in psychophysics and to word recognition.

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Engbrecht, Jeffery W. "Word hypothesis of phonetic strings using hidden Markov models /". Online version of thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10604.

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Taylor, John Powell. "Recognition of words post-assimilation contrasting two models of speech perception /". abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2005. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1433278.

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Kurcan, Remzi Serdar. "Isolated word recognition from in-ear microphone data using Hidden Markov Models (HMM)". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2006. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/06Mar%5FKurcan.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Electrical Engineering and M.S. in Systems Engineering)--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2006.
Thesis Advisor(s): Monique P. Fargues, David Jenn. "March 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p.147-151). Also available online.

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Humphreys, Jane. "WIRDS, WERDS, WYRDZ : visual wordlikeness, lexical phonology, and models of visual word recognition". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/7f7f66b6-f4e7-420e-ab74-af32bbec6ce0.

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Nonwords such as 'brate' and pseudohomophones such as 'brane' are often used to explore the processes involved in decoding orthography, without the potential confound from semantics. Experiments using these usefuJ.items can provide evidence that sheds light on competing models ofvisual word recognition in general and the status oflexical phonology in particular. However, previous experiments have often used stimuli that look implausible as exemplars ofEnglish spelling, (e.g. phret, woez), and it is arguable that some ofthe current controversies in the area may be partly attributable to the use ofsuch stimuli. To investigate this notion, new items were constructed from real words on the grounds that they would contain a high proportion ofexisting orthotactic patterns. Ratings were gathered for the visual wordlikeness ofthe previous stimuli and these new items; the latter generated higher ratings than the former. Analysis ofthe ratings suggested that readers are sensitive to multiple sources oforthographic and graphophonemic information. In a series of naming and lexical decision experiments using the new stimuli, results showed that participants responded to visual wordlikeness across all tasks; for example, reading wordlike pseudohomophones more quickly than unwordlike, and responding to them more slowly in visual lexical decision. A masked priming experiment using wordlike and unwordlike primes showed that lexical phonology was less likely to be activated for the unwordlike pseudohomophones than the wordlike. Overall, the results support a view ofvisual word recognition as a highly-interactive system, processing multiple grain-sizes ofsuhlexical and lexical information in which phonology plays a functional, non-optional, role. While orthotactic violations constrain its normal workings, the system has mechanisms that can be used to process unwordlike items; but it is unlikely that these processes are the same in all respects as those used for wordlike stimuli.

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McMillan, David Evans. "Time-varying linear prediction as a base for an isolated-word recognition algorithm". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45777.

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There is a vast amount of research being done in the area of voice recognition. A large portion of this research concentrates on developing algorithms that will yield higher accuracy rates; such as algorithms based on dynamic time warping, vector quantization, and other mathematical methods [l2][21][l5]. In this research, the evaluation of the feasibility of using linear prediction (LP) with time-varying parameters as a base for a voice recognition algorithm will be investigated. First the development of an anti-aliasing filter is discussed with some results from the filter hardware realization included. Then a brief discussion of LP is presented and a method for time-varying LP is derived from this discussion. A comparison between time-varying and segmentation LP is made and a description of the developed algorithm that tests time-varying LP as a recognition technique is given. The evaluation is conducted with the developed algorithm configured for speaker-dependent and speaker-independent isolated-word recognition. The conclusion drawn from this research is that this particular technique of voice recognition is very feasible as a base for a voice recognition algorithm. With the incorporation of other techniques, a complete algorithm can conceivably be developed that will yield very high accuracy rates. Recommendations for algorithm improvements are given along with other techniques that might be added to make a complete recognition algorithm.
Master of Science

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Wang, Wenwei [Verfasser]. "Off-line Cursive Handwritten Word Recognition Using Hidden Markov Models and Multiple Classifier Combination / Wenwei Wang". Aachen : Shaker, 2003. http://d-nb.info/1174514469/34.

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Prum, Sophea. "On the use of a discriminant approach for handwritten word recognition based on bi-character models". Thesis, La Rochelle, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LAROS418/document.

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Avec l’avènement des dispositifs nomades tels que les smartphones et les tablettes, la reconnaissance automatique de l’écriture manuscrite cursive à partir d’un signal en ligne est devenue durant les dernières décennies un besoin réel de la vie quotidienne à l’ère numérique. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, nous proposons de nouvelles stratégies pour un système de reconnaissance de mots manuscrits en-ligne. Ce système se base sur une méthode collaborative segmentation/reconnaissance et en utilisant des analyses à deux niveaux : caractère et bi-caractères. Plus précisément, notre système repose sur une segmentation de mots manuscrits en graphèmes afin de créer un treillis à L niveaux. Chaque noeud de ce treillis est considéré comme un caractère potentiel envoyé à un moteur de Reconnaissance de Caractères Isolés (RCI) basé sur un SVM. Pour chaque noeud, ce dernier renvoie une liste de caractères associés à une liste d’estimations de probabilités de reconnaissance. Du fait de la grande diversité des informations résultant de la segmentation en graphèmes, en particulier à cause de la présence de morceaux de caractères et de ligatures, l’injection de chacun des noeuds du treillis dans le RCI engendre de potentielles ambiguïtés au niveau du caractère. Nous proposons de lever ces ambiguïtés en utilisant des modèles de bi-caractères, basés sur une régression logistique dont l’objectif est de vérifier la cohérence des informations à un niveau de reconnaissance plus élevé. Finalement, les résultats renvoyés par le RCI et l’analyse des modèles de bi-caractères sont utilisés dans la phase de décodage pour parcourir le treillis dans le but de trouver le chemin optimal associé à chaque mot dans le lexique. Deux méthodes de décodage sont proposées (recherche heuristique et programmation dynamique), la plus efficace étant basée sur de la programmation dynamique
With the advent of mobile devices such as tablets and smartphones over the last decades, on-line handwriting recognition has become a very highly demanded service for daily life activities and professional applications. This thesis presents a new approach for on-line handwriting recognition. This approach is based on explicit segmentation/recognition integrated in a two level analysis system: character and bi-character. More specifically, our system segments a handwritten word in a sequence of graphemes to be then used to create a L-levels lattice of graphemes. Each node of the lattice is considered as a character to be submitted to a SVM based Isolated Character Recognizer (ICR). The ICR returns a list of potential character candidates, each of which is associated with an estimated recognition probability. However, each node of the lattice is a combination of various segmented graphemes. As a consequence, a node may contain some ambiguous information that cannot be handled by the ICR at character level analysis. We propose to solve this problem using "bi-character" models based on Logistic Regression, in order to verify the consistency of the information at a higher level of analysis. Finally, the recognition results provided by the ICR and the bi-character models are used in the word decoding stage, whose role is to find the optimal path in the lattice associated to each word in the lexicon. Two methods are presented for word decoding (heuristic search and dynamic programming), and dynamic programming is found to be the most effective

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Nimmo, Lisa M. "Investigating the phonological similarity effect implications for short-term memory models /". Access electronically, 2004. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20041105.101632/index.html.

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Libri sul tema "Word recognition models"

1

Visual word recognition: Models and methods, orthography and phonology. Hove, East Sussex: Psychology Press, 2012.

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2

Native listening: Language experience and the recognition of spoken words. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 2012.

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3

Marting, Jon. Directory of Arizona aircraft museums ; and, World War II aircraft silhouettes: Featuring Pima Air Museum, Tucson, Arizona, and Champlin Fighter Museum, Mesa, Ariz. : scale model aircraft listings, 380 aircraft recognition silhouettes. Tucson, Ariz., U.S.A. (P.O. Box 56446, Tucson 85703-6446): Desk Top Hobbies, 1988.

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Understanding and teaching reading: An interactive model. Hillsdale, N.J: L. Erlbaum Associates, 1991.

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J, Mira, a cura di. Methods and models in artificial and natural computation: A homage to Professor Mira's scientific legacy : International Work-Conference on the Interplay Between Natural and Artificial Computation, IWINAC 2009, Santiago de Compostela, Spain, June 22-26, 2009, proceedings, part I. Berlin: Springer, 2009.

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International Work-Conference on the Interplay Between Natural and Artificial Computation (3rd 2009 Santiago de Compostela, Spain). Methods and models in artificial and natural computation: A homage to Professor Mira's scientific legacy : International Work-Conference on the Interplay Between Natural and Artificial Computation, IWINAC 2009, Santiago de Compostela, Spain, June 22-26, 2009, proceedings, part I. Berlin: Springer, 2009.

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International Work-Conference on the Interplay Between Natural and Artificial Computation (3rd 2009 Santiago de Compostela, Spain). Methods and models in artificial and natural computation: A homage to Professor Mira's scientific legacy : International Work-Conference on the Interplay Between Natural and Artificial Computation, IWINAC 2009, Santiago de Compostela, Spain, June 22-26, 2009, proceedings, part I. Berlin: Springer, 2009.

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Herzogenrath, Bernd, a cura di. The Films of Bill Morrison. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789089649966.

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Avant-garde filmmaker Bill Morrison has been making films that combine archival footage and contemporary music for decades, and he has recently begun to receive substantial recognition: he was the subject of a retrospective at the Museum of Modern Art, and his 2002 film Decasia was selected for the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress. This is the first book-length study of Morrison's work, covering the whole of his career. It gathers specialists throughout film studies to explore Morrison's "aesthetics of the archive"-his creative play with archival footage and his focus on the materiality of the medium of film.

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Vicente, José Manuel Ferrández. Natural and Artificial Models in Computation and Biology: 5th International Work-Conference on the Interplay Between Natural and Artificial Computation, IWINAC 2013, Mallorca, Spain, June 10-14, 2013. Proceedings, Part I. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013.

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Andreev, Anatoliy. Personocentrism in classical Russian literature of the XIX century. Dialectics of Artistic Consciousness. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1095050.

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The monograph is devoted to the study of the brightest phenomenon of the world art culture — Russian literature of the "golden age", which was formed as an aristocratic, personocentric literature. Russian Russian literature began to realize its "cultural code", its purpose, which was close to it in spirit; moreover, it unconsciously formed a program for its development, immediately finding its "gold mine": elitist personocentrism as a highly promising vector of culture, which became a decisive factor in the world recognition of Russian literature. The end-to-end plot of the book was the spiritual biography of the" extra person", a person, a personality. The author suggests that the starting point in the Russian cultural identification of the modern type is "Eugene Onegin" by A. S. Pushkin. This novel in verse, which embodied the type of "superfluous", determined not only the specifics and strategy of the development of Russian literature (which is proved by the analysis of the key classical works of the XIX century-from Griboyedov to Chekhov); in fact, it formed a program for the development of modern world literature. For specialists in literature, teachers and students of philological faculties of universities. It will also be useful for cultural scientists, specialists in literary and artistic creativity.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Word recognition models"

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Connine, Cynthia M., e Thomas Deelman. "The Psycholinguistics of Spoken Word Recognition". In Computational Models of Speech Pattern Processing, 233–51. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60087-6_23.

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Euler, S., e D. Wolf. "Isolated Word Recognition Using Hidden Markov Models". In Recent Advances in Speech Understanding and Dialog Systems, 255–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83476-9_22.

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Angelini, B., F. Brugnara, D. Falavigna, D. Giuliani, R. Gretter e M. Omologo. "Automatic Speech Labeling Using Word Pronunciation Networks and Hidden Markov Models". In Speech Recognition and Coding, 56–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57745-1_5.

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Haghighi, Puntis Jifroodian, e Ching Y. Suen. "Handwritten Farsi Word Recognition Using Hidden Markov Models". In Guide to OCR for Arabic Scripts, 273–95. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4072-6_11.

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Mayall, Kate, Andrew Olson e Glyn W. Humphreys. "Modelling Early Stages of Word Recognition: Case and the Peripheral Dyslexias". In Connectionist Models in Cognitive Neuroscience, 13–24. London: Springer London, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0813-9_2.

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Wittenburg, Peter, David van Kuijk e Kay Behnke. "Automatic Speech Recognition Systems and Models of Human Word Recognition: A Comparative Analysis". In Neural Networks: Artificial Intelligence and Industrial Applications, 103–6. London: Springer London, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3087-1_21.

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Shillcock, Richard, Padraic Monaghan e T. Mark Ellison. "The SPLIT Model of Visual Word Recognition: Complementary Connectionist and Statistical Cognitive Modelling". In Connectionist Models in Cognitive Neuroscience, 3–12. London: Springer London, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0813-9_1.

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Jiang, Xin, Ling Wang, Yanjiao Cao e Zhao Lu. "Automatic Recognition of Chinese Unknown Word for Single-Character and Affix Models". In Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing, 435–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25661-5_56.

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España-Boquera, S., J. Gorbe-Moya, F. Zamora-Martínez e M. J. Castro-Bleda. "Hybrid HMM/ANN Models for Bimodal Online and Offline Cursive Word Recognition". In Recognizing Patterns in Signals, Speech, Images and Videos, 14–21. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17711-8_2.

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Heuven, Walter J. B. Van. "Chapter 10: Bilingual Interactive Activation Models of Word Recognition in a Second Language". In Second Language Writing Systems, a cura di Vivian Cook e Benedetta Bassetti, 260–88. Bristol, Blue Ridge Summit: Multilingual Matters, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21832/9781853597954-012.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Word recognition models"

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Sundaram, Suresh, Bhargava Urala K e A. G. Ramakrishnan. "Language models for online handwritten Tamil word recognition". In Proceeding of the workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2432553.2432562.

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Khayyat, M., L. Lam e C. Y. Suen. "Arabic handwritten word spotting using language models". In 2012 International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (ICFHR 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icfhr.2012.183.

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BenZeghiba, Mohamed Faouzi, Jerome Louradour e Christopher Kermorvant. "Hybrid word/Part-of-Arabic-Word Language Models for arabic text document recognition". In 2015 13th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2015.7333846.

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Soltau, Hagen, Hank Liao e Hasim Sak. "Reducing the computational complexity for whole word models". In 2017 IEEE Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding Workshop (ASRU). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/asru.2017.8268917.

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Chen, X., X. Liu, A. Ragni, Y. Wang e M. J. F. Gales. "Future word contexts in neural network language models". In 2017 IEEE Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding Workshop (ASRU). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/asru.2017.8268922.

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Palaskar, Shruti, e Florian Metze. "Acoustic-to-Word Recognition with Sequence-to-Sequence Models". In 2018 IEEE Spoken Language Technology Workshop (SLT). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/slt.2018.8639664.

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Khemiri, Akram, Afef Kacem e Abdel Belaid. "Towards Arabic Handwritten Word Recognition via Probabilistic Graphical Models". In 2014 14th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (ICFHR). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icfhr.2014.119.

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A., Bharath, e S. Madhvanath. "Hidden Markov Models for Online Handwritten Tamil Word Recognition". In Ninth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2007.4378761.

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Fischer, Andreas, Andreas Keller, Volkmar Frinken e Horst Bunke. "HMM-based Word Spotting in Handwritten Documents Using Subword Models". In 2010 20th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2010.834.

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Giotis, Angelos P., Demetrios P. Gerogiannis e Christophoros Nikou. "Word Spotting in Handwritten Text Using Contour-Based Models". In 2014 14th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (ICFHR). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icfhr.2014.73.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Word recognition models"

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Dalglish, Chris, e Sarah Tarlow, a cura di. Modern Scotland: Archaeology, the Modern past and the Modern present. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, settembre 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.163.

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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings:  HUMANITY The Panel recommends recognition that research in this field should be geared towards the development of critical understandings of self and society in the modern world. Archaeological research into the modern past should be ambitious in seeking to contribute to understanding of the major social, economic and environmental developments through which the modern world came into being. Modern-world archaeology can add significantly to knowledge of Scotland’s historical relationships with the rest of the British Isles, Europe and the wider world. Archaeology offers a new perspective on what it has meant to be a modern person and a member of modern society, inhabiting a modern world.  MATERIALITY The Panel recommends approaches to research which focus on the materiality of the recent past (i.e. the character of relationships between people and their material world). Archaeology’s contribution to understandings of the modern world lies in its ability to situate, humanise and contextualise broader historical developments. Archaeological research can provide new insights into the modern past by investigating historical trends not as abstract phenomena but as changes to real lives, affecting different localities in different ways. Archaeology can take a long-term perspective on major modern developments, researching their ‘prehistory’ (which often extends back into the Middle Ages) and their material legacy in the present. Archaeology can humanise and contextualise long-term processes and global connections by working outwards from individual life stories, developing biographies of individual artefacts and buildings and evidencing the reciprocity of people, things, places and landscapes. The modern person and modern social relationships were formed in and through material environments and, to understand modern humanity, it is crucial that we understand humanity’s material relationships in the modern world.  PERSPECTIVE The Panel recommends the development, realisation and promotion of work which takes a critical perspective on the present from a deeper understanding of the recent past. Research into the modern past provides a critical perspective on the present, uncovering the origins of our current ways of life and of relating to each other and to the world around us. It is important that this relevance is acknowledged, understood, developed and mobilised to connect past, present and future. The material approach of archaeology can enhance understanding, challenge assumptions and develop new and alternative histories. Modern Scotland: Archaeology, the Modern past and the Modern present vi Archaeology can evidence varied experience of social, environmental and economic change in the past. It can consider questions of local distinctiveness and global homogeneity in complex and nuanced ways. It can reveal the hidden histories of those whose ways of life diverged from the historical mainstream. Archaeology can challenge simplistic, essentialist understandings of the recent Scottish past, providing insights into the historical character and interaction of Scottish, British and other identities and ideologies.  COLLABORATION The Panel recommends the development of integrated and collaborative research practices. Perhaps above all other periods of the past, the modern past is a field of enquiry where there is great potential benefit in collaboration between different specialist sectors within archaeology, between different disciplines, between Scottish-based researchers and researchers elsewhere in the world and between professionals and the public. The Panel advocates the development of new ways of working involving integrated and collaborative investigation of the modern past. Extending beyond previous modes of inter-disciplinary practice, these new approaches should involve active engagement between different interests developing collaborative responses to common questions and problems.  REFLECTION The Panel recommends that a reflexive approach is taken to the archaeology of the modern past, requiring research into the nature of academic, professional and public engagements with the modern past and the development of new reflexive modes of practice. Archaeology investigates the past but it does so from its position in the present. Research should develop a greater understanding of modern-period archaeology as a scholarly pursuit and social practice in the present. Research should provide insights into the ways in which the modern past is presented and represented in particular contexts. Work is required to better evidence popular understandings of and engagements with the modern past and to understand the politics of the recent past, particularly its material aspect. Research should seek to advance knowledge and understanding of the moral and ethical viewpoints held by professionals and members of the public in relation to the archaeology of the recent past. There is a need to critically review public engagement practices in modern-world archaeology and develop new modes of public-professional collaboration and to generate practices through which archaeology can make positive interventions in the world. And there is a need to embed processes of ethical reflection and beneficial action into archaeological practice relating to the modern past.

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Siebert, Rudolf J., e Michael R. Ott. Catholicism and the Frankfurt School. Association Inter-University Centre Dubrovnik, dicembre 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53099/ntkd4301.

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The paper traces the development from the medieval, traditional union, through the modern disunion, toward a possible post-modern reunion of the sacred and the profane. It concentrates on the modern disunion and conflict between the religious and the secular, revelation and enlightenment, faith and autonomous reason in the Western world and beyond. It deals specifically with Christianity and the modern age, particularly liberalism, socialism and fascism of the 2Oth and the 21st centuries. The problematic inclination of Western Catholicism toward fascism, motivated by the fear of and hate against socialism and communism in the 20th century, and toward exclusive, authoritarian, and totalitarian populism and identitarianism in the 21st. century, is analyzed, compared and critiqued. Solutions to the problem are suggested on the basis of the Critical Theory of Religion and Society, derived from the Critical Theory of Society of the Frankfurt School. The critical theory and praxis should help to reconcile the culture wars which are continually produced by the modern antagonism between the religious and the secular, and to prepare the way toward post-modern, alternative Future III - the freedom of All on the basis of the collective appropriation of collective surplus value. Distribution and recognition problems are equally taken seriously.

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Saville, Alan, e Caroline Wickham-Jones, a cura di. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Scotland : Scottish Archaeological Research Framework Panel Report. Society for Antiquaries of Scotland, giugno 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.06.2012.163.

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Why research Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Scotland? Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology sheds light on the first colonisation and subsequent early inhabitation of Scotland. It is a growing and exciting field where increasing Scottish evidence has been given wider significance in the context of European prehistory. It extends over a long period, which saw great changes, including substantial environmental transformations, and the impact of, and societal response to, climate change. The period as a whole provides the foundation for the human occupation of Scotland and is crucial for understanding prehistoric society, both for Scotland and across North-West Europe. Within the Palaeolithic and Mesolithic periods there are considerable opportunities for pioneering research. Individual projects can still have a substantial impact and there remain opportunities for pioneering discoveries including cemeteries, domestic and other structures, stratified sites, and for exploring the huge evidential potential of water-logged and underwater sites. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology also stimulates and draws upon exciting multi-disciplinary collaborations. Panel Task and Remit The panel remit was to review critically the current state of knowledge and consider promising areas of future research into the earliest prehistory of Scotland. This was undertaken with a view to improved understanding of all aspects of the colonization and inhabitation of the country by peoples practising a wholly hunter-fisher-gatherer way of life prior to the advent of farming. In so doing, it was recognised as particularly important that both environmental data (including vegetation, fauna, sea level, and landscape work) and cultural change during this period be evaluated. The resultant report, outlines the different areas of research in which archaeologists interested in early prehistory work, and highlights the research topics to which they aspire. The report is structured by theme: history of investigation; reconstruction of the environment; the nature of the archaeological record; methodologies for recreating the past; and finally, the lifestyles of past people – the latter representing both a statement of current knowledge and the ultimate aim for archaeologists; the goal of all the former sections. The document is reinforced by material on-line which provides further detail and resources. The Palaeolithic and Mesolithic panel report of ScARF is intended as a resource to be utilised, built upon, and kept updated, hopefully by those it has helped inspire and inform as well as those who follow in their footsteps. Future Research The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarized under four key headings:  Visibility: Due to the considerable length of time over which sites were formed, and the predominant mobility of the population, early prehistoric remains are to be found right across the landscape, although they often survive as ephemeral traces and in low densities. Therefore, all archaeological work should take into account the expectation of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic ScARF Panel Report iv encountering early prehistoric remains. This applies equally to both commercial and research archaeology, and to amateur activity which often makes the initial discovery. This should not be seen as an obstacle, but as a benefit, and not finding such remains should be cause for question. There is no doubt that important evidence of these periods remains unrecognised in private, public, and commercial collections and there is a strong need for backlog evaluation, proper curation and analysis. The inadequate representation of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic information in existing national and local databases must be addressed.  Collaboration: Multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross- sector approaches must be encouraged – site prospection, prediction, recognition, and contextualisation are key areas to this end. Reconstructing past environments and their chronological frameworks, and exploring submerged and buried landscapes offer existing examples of fruitful, cross-disciplinary work. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology has an important place within Quaternary science and the potential for deeply buried remains means that geoarchaeology should have a prominent role.  Innovation: Research-led projects are currently making a substantial impact across all aspects of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology; a funding policy that acknowledges risk and promotes the innovation that these periods demand should be encouraged. The exploration of lesser known areas, work on different types of site, new approaches to artefacts, and the application of novel methodologies should all be promoted when engaging with the challenges of early prehistory.  Tackling the ‘big questions’: Archaeologists should engage with the big questions of earliest prehistory in Scotland, including the colonisation of new land, how lifestyles in past societies were organized, the effects of and the responses to environmental change, and the transitions to new modes of life. This should be done through a holistic view of the available data, encompassing all the complexities of interpretation and developing competing and testable models. Scottish data can be used to address many of the currently topical research topics in archaeology, and will provide a springboard to a better understanding of early prehistoric life in Scotland and beyond.

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