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Bottega, Filippo <1993>. "Passions, Feelings and Human Relationships in Charlotte Brontë’s Novels." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/17004.
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Charlotte Brontë represents undoubtedly a pillar of the Victorian Literature. Her novels blend many different aspects from the usage of various literary genres to the psychological side of their characters. This thesis analyses the passions, feelings and human relationships in Charlotte Brontë’s four novels. The first chapter examines these topics in Brontë’s masterpiece “Jane Eyre”. The focus of the second chapter is the novel “Shirley”. The third part of this work is dedicated to the Gothic and obscure novel “Villette”. The last chapter examines such aspects in regard of Brontë’s posthumously published novel “The Professor”.
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Large, David. "Complexity and communities : the application of complexity to community studies." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2015. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/25244/.
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Understanding community dynamics has always been a challenge for policy-makers. Often community policy has been ineffective and wasteful. This research explores and sets out an alternative, complexity-informed approach to community studies. The research develops an innovative, two-stage interview methodology informed by complexity considerations. This methodology is applied to two case studies of community-based organisations in Newcastle upon Tyne. The two case studies allow a comparative assessment of the complexity-informed methodology. In this way, the research uses a complexity-informed approach to produce a holistic and realistic view of the community being examined. By analysing the contribution of those present the research is able to capture information that is relevant and that may be used to bring about change. Complexity-informed approaches are thus shown to be open, flexible, insightful, confidence-building and engaging, when considering people living and working in communities. The research finds complexity considerations to show that, to be effective, public policy needs to offer choices to local people as to how they want to interpret local government policy in their area. This requires more than evidence gathering and assessment of the evidence gathered. It requires the active involvement of the community. Complexity factors such as interaction and emergence are used to identify important relationships and to assess social, economic and environmental changes from the community point of view. These are considered in the context in which they occur and for as long as the situation applies. A complexity-informed approach is shown to open the way for community interventions based on community views and needs. In doing this complexity is able to support genuine decision-making and action by communities for communities. Through discussion and reflection, the thesis finds this to be a suitable basis for public policy formation.
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Metcalfe-Bliss, Caitlin. "Feelings of inclusion and community activities : A study into the feelings of social inclusion and sense of belonging for migrants living in Sweden." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-182383.
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With increasing migration over the last few decades, over 20% of Sweden’s inhabitant are now foreign-born (Krzyżanowski, 2018). A policy shift stemming from the 2015 European migrant crisis (Hagelund, 2020) led to a decentring of integration management from national immigration policy to the local level (Scholten and Penninx, 2016). Subsequently, community level actors have become increasingly active developing their own integration philosophies and implementing these locally. Health and well-being activities curated by the non-governmental organisation Hej Främling seek to improve local inclusion for migrants and newly arrived persons to Sweden. Using these activities as a launching point, this study draws upon perceptions from 17 migrants participating in Hej Främling to examine their feelings of inclusion and sense of belonging across space and place and activities. Results show activity participation both within Hej Främling and across Swedish society more broadly has a positive influence on migrants’ sense of inclusion, in particular through the facilitation of shared spaces of experience, where migrants from diverse backgrounds can come together over a shared interest and build upon their social networks. Concept-mapping was used as a conceptual framework to illuminate the core components of inclusion, how they interlink and contribute to further conceptualisation. This study identifies four key insights for local inclusion: 1) the value of shared experiences in creating inclusion 2) the perceived socio-cultural barriers to inclusion 3) activity space as environments for intercultural encounters and 4) the facilitative role of community organisations in creating inclusion and promoting integration.
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Vijayakrishnan, Swetha. "The architectural complexity of the human PDC core assembly." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2009. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/573/.
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The mammalian pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) is a key multi-enzyme assembly linking the glycolytic pathway to the TCA cycle via the specific conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA and, as such, is responsible for the maintenance of glucose homeostasis in humans. PDC comprises a central pentagonal dodecahedral core of 60 dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (E2) and 12 E3 binding protein (E3BP) subunits. Presently, two conflicting models of PDC (E2+E3BP) core organisation exist: the ‘addition’ (60+12) and ‘substitution’ (48+12) models. In addition to its catalytic role, the multi-domain E2/E3BP core provides the structural framework to which 30 pyruvate decarboxylase (E1) heterotetramers and 6-12 dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (E3) homodimers are proposed to bind at maximal occupancy. The formation of specific E2:E1 and E3BP:E3 subcomplexes are characteristic of eukaryotic PDCs and are critical for normal complex function. Despite the availability of limited structural data, the exact subunit organisation and mechanism of operation of the mammalian E2/E3BP core remains unknown. This thesis describes the large-scale purification of tagged, recombinant human PDC cores, full-length rE2 and rE2/E3BP, truncated E2/E3BP, peripheral rE3 enzyme as well as native E2/E3BP core (bE2/E3BP) purified from bovine heart. The ability to purify large amounts of pure protein has enabled the characterisation of the individual cores as well as the E2/E3BP:E3 complex using a variety of biochemical and biophysical techniques. Full-length rE2/E3BP, rE2, bE2/E3BP, truncated E2/E3BP (tLi19/tLi30) and rE2/E3BP:E3 were analysed in solution by analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC). While AUC of the cores supported the substitution model of core organisation, the stoichiometry of interaction was determined to be 2:1 (rE2/E3BP:E3). This was further complemented by gel filtration chromatography (GFC) and small angle neutron scattering (SANS), implying the possible existence of a network of E3 ‘cross-bridges’ linking pairs of E3BP molecules across the surface of the E2 core assembly. Low resolution solution structures obtained for rE2/E3BP, bE2/E3BP and tLi19/tLi30 by small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) and SANS revealed the presence of icosahedral cores with open pentagonal faces favouring the substitution model of core organisation. These solution structures also indicated high structural similarity between the recombinant and native cores, as well as with the crystal structure obtained previously for the truncated bacterial E2 core. In addition, homology modelling and superimpositions of high- and low-resolution structures of the core revealed conservation of the overall pentagonal dodecahedral morphology despite evolutionary diversity. Evidence for the substitution model of core organisation was further substantiated by negative stain EM of the recombinant and bovine E2/E3BP cores. SANS stoichiometry data indicated the binding of 10 E3 dimers per E2/E3BP core. Although this could correspond to approximately 1:1 stoichiometry between E2/E3BP:E3, subsequent radiolabelling studies suggested possible variation in core subunit composition between the native and recombinant E2/E3BP cores. Therefore, as opposed to the 48E2+12E3BP substitution model based on AUC and SAXS studies with the recombinant E2/E3BP core, rE2/E3BP cores produced in this study indicated a higher level of incorporation of E3BPs with a maximum core composition of 40E2+20E3BP. On the basis of this new finding we have proposed the ‘variable E3BP substitution model’, wherein the number of E3BPs within the core can range from 0 to a maximum of 20, thus resulting in variable populations of E2/E3BP cores. Despite this core variability, the highly controlled regulatory mechanisms in vivo may bias the core composition towards an average of 48E2+12E3BP. However, as the over-expression of the recombinant E2/E3BP core in our study is not as tightly regulated as in vivo, higher number of E3BPs (>12) is observed to be integrated into the core. This new level of architectural complexity and variable subunit composition in mammalian PDC core organisation is likely to have important implications for the catalytic mechanism, overall complex efficiency and tissue-specific regulation by the intrinsic PDC kinases (PDKs) in normal and disease states. The E2 cores of the PDC family are known to be highly flexible, exhibiting inherent size variability reflective of the ‘breathing’ of the core. Integration of E3BP into the E2 core assembly would then be expected to have significant consequences for the structural assembly, affecting the ‘breathing’ and in turn the function and regulation of the complex. Unfolding studies to assess core stability via circular dichroism (CD) and tryptophan fluorescence revealed lower stability of the rE2/E3BP core as compared to cores composed exclusively of rE2 subunits, thus implying the contribution of E3BP towards core destabilisation. In addition, crosslinking studies indicated weak dimerisation of rE3BP, which may be a key factor promoting core destabilisation. The lower stability of the E2/E3BP core may be of benefit in mammals where sophisticated fine tuning is required to obtain cores with optimal catalytic and regulatory efficiencies. SAXS solution structures of E2/E3BP cores obtained were unable to locate the exact positions of E3BP within the core. However, SANS in combination with contrast matching of selectively deuterated components as well as cryo-EM, EM tomography and single molecule studies could be used in future for determination of the exact locations of E3BP, and validating the importance of E2/E3BP core organisation and subunit composition for overall PDC function and regulation.
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Automo, Si-John. "Dependency of human operator performance quality upon task complexity." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/41005.
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Rigoli, Lillian M. "Fractal Structure and Complexity Matching in Naturalistic Human Behavior." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1523634803453736.
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Ganguly, Amartya. "Modelling of the human quiet stance with ankle joint complexity." Thesis, University of Hull, 2014. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:11634.
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This study derives an inverted pendulum model for quiet stance in humans around the ankle joints with 4×9-element mass-spring-damper (MSD) units as the musculoskeletal connections between the shank and foot bilaterally. The model focuses on the role played by both the stiffness and the damping parameters of muscles, tendons and ligaments about the ankle complex. This model partitions muscles, tendons and ligaments functionally. This novel model is used to study the behaviour of individual components in relation to quiet standing. The Lagrange d’ Alembert principle has been used to derive the equations of motion of the system and resulted in eighteen 2nd order differential equations with nine constraints. Four MSD units connects with the shank (tibia and fibula) and foot bilaterally. The units function passively and are representative of the mechanical functionality of muscles, tendons, and ligaments about the ankle complex. The dynamics of the MSD units are considered linear in nature and their stiffness and damping parameters are calculated by finding the slope of the force vs. deformation length curve and force vs. velocity curve reported in the literature. The simulation results revealed that the torques generated by the internal constraints through the MSD units are significantly greater than the gravitational torque. A case study has been conducted for eyes open vs. eyes closed conditions. It was found that the angular displacement of the shank varied but the overall range of motion of the ankle joint remained constant at 0.6. This was expected as there was no external perturbation applied to facilitate any amount of plantarflexion or dorsiflexion at the point of articulation of the ankle joint. In conclusion, the model derived and analysed in this study explains that the human body was able to maintain its upright posture mechanically during unperturbed quiet standing without the use of an active control system emphasising the importance of damping and its influence on postural balance. Furthermore, this sophisticated model is not limited to only considering the muscle-tendon unit and ligaments play an important role in maintaining balance during quiet stance and are therefore included in the model. This model is physiologically more realistic than previously developed postural models thus providing a deeper insight towards the passive mechanism of postural balance and providing a new approach towards future postural models.
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Chersoni, Emmanuele. "Explaining complexity in human language processing : a distributional semantic model." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0189/document.
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Le présent travail aborde le thème de la complexité sémantique dans le langage naturel, et il propose une hypothèse basée sur certaines caractéristiques des phrases du langage naturel qui déterminent la difficulté pour l'interpretation humaine.Nous visons à introduire un cadre théorique général de la complexité sémantique de la phrase, dans lequel la difficulté d'élaboration est liée à l'interaction entre deux composants: la Mémoire, qui est responsable du rangement des représentations d'événements extraites par des corpus, et l'Unification, qui est responsable de la combinaison de ces unités dans des structures plus complexes. Nous proposons que la complexité sémantique depend de la difficulté de construire une représentation sémantique de l'événement ou de la situation exprimée par une phrase, qui peut être récupérée directement de la mémoire sémantique ou construit dynamiquement en satisfaisant les contraintes contenus dans les constructions.Pour tester nos intuitions, nous avons construit un Distributional Semantic Model pour calculer le coût de composition de l'unification des phrases. Les tests sur des bases de données psycholinguistiques ont révélé que le modèle est capable d'expliquer des phénomènes sémantiques comme la mise à jour context-sensitive des attentes sur les arguments et les métonymies logiques<br>The present work deals with the problem of the semantic complexity in natural language, proposing an hypothesis based on some features of natural language sentences that determine their difficulty for human understanding. We aim at introducing a general framework for semantic complexity, in which the processing difficulty depends on the interaction between two components: a Memory component, which is responsible for the storage of corpus-extracted event representations, and a Unification component, which is responsible for combining the units stored in Memory into more complex structures. We propose that semantic complexity depends on the difficulty of building a semantic representation of the event or the situation conveyed by a sentence, that can be either retrieved directly from the semantic memory or built dynamically by solving the constraints included in the stored representations.In order to test our intuitions, we built a Distributional Semantic Model to compute a compositional cost for the sentence unification process. Our tests on several psycholinguistic datasets showed that our model is able to account for semantic phenomena such as the context-sensitive update of argument expectations and of logical metonymies
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Oh, Han, and Yookyung Kim. "Low-Complexity Perceptual JPEG2000 Encoder for Aerial Images." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/595684.
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ITC/USA 2011 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Seventh Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 24-27, 2011 / Bally's Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada<br>A highly compressed image inevitably has visible compression artifacts. To minimize these artifacts, many compression algorithms exploit the varying sensitivity of the human visual system (HVS) to different frequencies. However, this sensitivity has typically been measured at the near-threshold level where distortion is just noticeable. Thus, it is unclear that the same sensitivity applies at the supra-threshold level where distortion is highly visible. In this paper, we measure the sensitivity of the HVS for several supra-threshold distortion levels based on our JPEG2000 distortion model. Then, a low-complexity JPEG2000 encoder using the measured sensitivity is described. For aerial images, the proposed encoder significantly reduces encoding time while maintaining superior visual quality compared with a conventional JPEG2000 encoder.
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Lutherborrough, Alexis. "Human judgments of visual complexity, goodness and interestingness in fractal stimuli and stimuli varying according to complexity and symmetry /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARPS/09arpsl9737.pdf.
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Moukarzel, Sara. "The complexity of understanding human milk components and infant brain development." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/57297.
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Understanding which and how human milk components contribute to infant brain development is complicated in part by their large diversity, complex arrangement in the milk matrix and potential interaction in metabolism. This research addressed the importance of studying the composition of minor milk lipids and of exploring their relationship with non-lipid milk components in infant brain development. More specifically, the milk fat globule membrane (MFGM), a complex tri-layer of cholesterol, glycoproteins, and polar lipids including ethanolamine plasmalogens (Pls-PE), naturally emulsifies milk triacylglycerols but is not currently added to infant milk substitutes. Clinical evidence suggests MFGM plays a role in cognitive function. Whether MFGM directly affects the developing brain is unclear. Due to analytical challenges, little is known about the fatty acid composition of human MFGM lipids, particularly Pls-PE. Pls-PE may be enriched in long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an important neural lipid during development. Additionally, milk contains different forms of water-soluble choline (WSC) compounds (free choline, glycerophosphocholine, phosphocholine) for which distinct biological roles are unknown, although choline as a molecule per se is an important structural component of the brain and a precursor of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. After developing an analytical method for separation and recovery of milk Pls-PE, the first study demonstrated both human and cow milk Pls-PE are enriched in LC-PUFA including DHA compared to other phospholipids. Milk Pls-PE DHA does not seem to vary with maternal DHA intake. Using artificially-reared infant rats, the second study showed that developmental brain phospholipids and metabolites differ between rats fed formula with or without MFGM, with a closer phospholipid composition to mother-reared rats in rats fed MFGM. By analyzing human preterm and term milk samples for WSC composition using mass spectrometry in the third study, we confirmed previous findings of the wide variability in WSC total content and composition in human milk and reported no significant association between individual WSC compounds. These studies provide new knowledge that milk contains novel components potentially relevant to the brain, and, while the mechanisms for improved cognition remain unclear, MFGM affects neonatal brain phospholipid composition.<br>Land and Food Systems, Faculty of<br>Graduate
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Turner, Benjamin O. "Effects of varying degrees of musical complexity on human psychophysiological measures." Connect to resource, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/28388.
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Thesis (Honors)--Ohio State University, 2007.<br>Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages: contains 79 p.; also includes graphics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-79). Available online via Ohio State University's Knowledge Bank.
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van, Almkerk Marc. "Influence of Mindfulness Practices on Feelings of Place Illusion in Virtual Reality." Thesis, KTH, Medieteknik och interaktionsdesign, MID, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-231558.
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This study investigates how mindfulness influences feelingsof place illusion in Virtual Reality (VR) experiences, i.e. the feeling of being inside the mediated world that is displayed through the VR technology. To research the effects, a design called Mindsition was proposed that consist of two Virtual Environments (VEs) that transfers the user from the physicalworld to a task environment in VR and altering the user’s state of mind. In the first VE, a guided meditation exercise was introduced to bring the user to a more mindful state, changing how the mediated world was perceived. The user was then brought to the task environment to complete a task. The design was evaluated using a between-subjects experimental design in which half of the participants were exposed to the entire experience, while the other half only experienced the task environment. Results are inconclusive, but revealed tentative evidence that the Mindsition does increase feelings of place illusion, as participants felt more captivated by the environment and had a stronger overall feeling of ’being inside’ the VE. However, the results also show that Mindsition compromises reality judgement, i.e. how veritable the environment felt, as participants were more aware that the virtual world co-existed with the physical world. Overall, the study suggests that Mindfulness has the potential to make users more observant about various aspect of the VE and place less attention on the fact that the environment is perceived through a screen, making memories about the VR experience more vivid. Implications of these findings are discussed in relation to place illusionas well as mindfulness, and directions are given for future research.<br>Denna studie undersöker hur mindfulness påverkar känslor av “Place Illusion” i Virtual Realityupplevelser, d.v.s. känslan av att vara inuti den förmedlade världen som visas genom VR-tekniken. För att undersöka effekterna föreslogs en design som kallades Mindsition som består av två virtuella miljöer. De virtuella miljöerna för över användaren från den fysiska världen till en arbetsmiljö i VR och ändrar användarens sinnesförfattning. I den första arbetsmiljön introducerades en guidad meditationsövning för att försätta användaren i ett mer medvetet tillstånd och därmed ändra hur den förmedlade världen uppfattades. Användaren placerades sedan i den andra arbetsmiljön för att slutföra en uppgift. Designen utvärderades med hjälp av utvärderingsmetoden ”between-subjects” i vilken hälften av deltagarna upplevde hela upplevelsen, medan den andra hälften endast upplevde arbetsmiljön. Resultaten är ofullständiga, men avslöjade preliminära bevis för att Mindsition ökar känslorna av Place Illusion, eftersom deltagarna kände sig mer fängslade av miljön och hade en starkare övergripande känsla av att ‘vara inne’ i arbetsmiljön. Dock visar resultaten också att Mindsition äventyrar bedömningen av verklighet, d.v.s. hur äkta miljön kändes, eftersom deltagarna var mer medvetna om att den virtuella världen samexisterade med den fysiska världen. På det hela taget föreslår studien att mindfulness har potential att göra användarna mer uppmärksamma på olika aspekter av VE och lägga mindre uppmärksamhet på faktumet att miljön uppfattas genom en skärm, som gör minnena av VR-upplevelsen mer levande. Innebörden av dessa fynd diskuteras i relation till ”Place Illusion” och mindfulness och anvisningar ges för framtida forskning.
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Smith, Bryan W. "Thoughts and feelings of a beginning tertiary group of adult learners in a human resource development course." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2000. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1379.
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This is a study of a case of adults entering tertiary study for the first time, and their mental life concerning their own self-performance, constructed across four instances. The purposes of the study were to identify some characteristics of the four participants’ covert behaviour during their learning in a course on Human Resource Development (1-IRD), to gain some insight into the conception of self-performance held by the participants and the attributions of this self-performance, to examine the approaches to learning held by each participant, and to contribute to closing the gap between adult education and educational psychology. Three consecutive three-hour learning sessions were videotaped for use with follow-up stimulated recall interviews. Four adult learners reported their interactive thoughts and feelings pertaining to self-performance in HRD. Transcripts of each of the participant's reported thoughts and feelings were prepared. Pre-performance interviews were carried out and the Attribution Style Questionnaire, which reports a person's explanatory style, and the Study Process Questionnaire, which reports a person's approach to learning, were administered. Self-report journals and field notes were also utilised. Data on participant covert behaviour were gathered and categorised according to an adaptation of an established content analysis system. Participant interactive thoughts and feelings were categorised, quantified and described. Other student covert behaviour, including causal explanations of behaviour, was analysed by qualitative means. Thoughts and feelings about self-performance ranked highly for all participants. While such thoughts and feelings were a mixture of positive and negative, quantifiably, positive thoughts and feelings did dominate. As well, thoughts and feelings about fellow students and learning the content also ranked highly amongst the myriad of thoughts and feelings reported by the participants. Qualitatively, common thoughts and feelings reported by the participants concerned group work, beliefs about learning, sell-performance and perceptions of the facilitator. Underlying covert behaviour was found to be quite individualistic with a desire for content relevance to the world of work to be one common thread. As well, all four participants reported external pressures to be an important underlying influence on performance. Post hoc, the study proposed a tentative theory that adult learners attending a tertiary course for the first time undergo two phases of cognitive and affective change during their early time in a substantial learning experience. The first phase was termed an apprehension phase wherein there is a myriad of thoughts and feelings about possible personal inadequacy. As the student gains more exposure to the learning experience, and develops a certain amount of competency, a realisation phase emerges in which confidence grows and learning accelerates. This two-phase process was compared with two other pieces of research that deal with a similar phenomenon suggesting an idea for future research. Implications for facilitators of adult learning as a result of the findings were also presented.
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Oxalaryd, Pierre, and Carolina Sandström. "Understanding the complexity of determining the human integration strategy during post-acquisitions." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-226890.
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Acquisitions have become an increasingly used tool for corporate growth during the lastdecade. Even so, most acquisitions fail, due to a lack of focus on the human elements of the integration process. This research sheds light on the human integration process of acquisitions and more specifically, three of its critical elements; culture, structure and humanresources management. However, when investigating acquisitions at Atlas Copco it becomesapparent that these elements are emphasized and prioritized differently in differentacquisitions. By conducting 22 interviews with managers from both Atlas Copco and managers and employees from three of its acquired organizations, this paper seeks tounderstand how the acquirer should choose an appropriate human integration strategy and what factors that determine that choice. Furthermore, it examines how the acquirer should manage the employees of the acquired firm to facilitate the implementation of changes duringthe integration process. The results shows that the acquirer choose to emphasize and prioritize the aspects that are most important to reform in order to allow the implementationof future changes in the integration process. In these cases, the prioritized aspects are alsoconsidered critical to improve by the employees, therefore the prioritization creates a perception of the acquirer’s good intentions with the integration as a whole. Furthermore, the results reveals that it is important that the acquirer invest in resources for communication,trainings and additional personnel to help the employees understand and support the changesduring the entire process.
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Tsonis, Christos George. "An analysis of information complexity in air traffic control human machine interaction." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/35560.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2006.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 121-126).<br>This thesis proposes, develops and validates a methodology to quantify the complexity of air traffic control (ATC) human-machine interaction (HMI). Within this context, complexity is defined as the minimum amount of information required to describe the human machine interaction process in some fixed description language and chosen level of detail. The methodology elicits human information processing via cognitive task analysis (CTA) and expresses the HMI process algorithmically as a cognitive interaction algorithm (CIA). The CIA is comprised of multiple functions which formally describe each of the interaction processes required to complete a nominal set of tasks using a certain machine interface. Complexities of competing interface and task configurations are estimated by weighted summations of the compressed information content of the associated CIA functions. This information compression removes descriptive redundancy and approximates the minimum description length (MDL) of the CIA. The methodology is applied to a representative en-route ATC task and interface, and the complexity measures are compared to performance results obtained experimentally by human-in-the-loop simulations.<br>(cont.) It is found that the proposed complexity analysis methodology and resulting complexity metrics are able to predict trends in operator performance and workload. This methodology would allow designers and evaluators of human supervisory control (HSC) interfaces the ability to conduct complexity analyses and use complexity measures to more objectively select between competing interface and task configurations. Such a method could complement subjective interface evaluations, and reduce the amount of costly experimental testing.<br>by Christos George Tsonis.<br>S.M.
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Rulison, Megan. "The Full Complexity of Being Human: A Study of Science and Art." Thesis, Boston College, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/369.
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Thesis advisor: Scott T. Cummings<br>This Senior Honors Thesis evolved from a personal fascination with the intersection of art and science both in drama and on a grander theoretical scale. It is a three-part investigation with each part written in different voice with a different intention. The first is a short personal introduction offering insight to the genesis of the project. This is followed by a comparative dramaturgical analysis of two science plays, Bertolt Brecht's GALILEO and Michael Frayn's COPENHAGEN, examining the role of science in drama. The final component is a philosophical dialogue on the model of Brecht's MESSINGKAUF DIALOGUES which articulates larger philosophical questions in an examination of the similarities and differences between science and art<br>Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2006<br>Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences<br>Discipline: Theater<br>Discipline: College Honors Program
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SJÖBLOM, CAROLINE. "The Complexity of Human Computer-Interaction; the case of Online Saving Platforms." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-232479.
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Mangano, Valentina D. "Dissecting the complexity of human susceptibility to Plasmodium falciparum malaria : genetic approaches /." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Wenner-Gren Institute for Experimental Biology, Stockholm University, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-8310.
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Wilkins, Helen. "The evolution of the built environment : complexity, human agency and thermal performance." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2006. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/29246.
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The thermal environments created by buildings provide the context within which social life operates. Adjustable built environments generate diverse thermal conditions. That is, they possess the thermal capacity to produce enhanced levels of thermal choices and thermal control. Classes and assemblages of buildings that generate diverse thermal environments will increase the range of social options that the building milieu can accommodate, compared with less adjustable classes and assemblages, because they are more readily able to accommodate changing social options and circumstances. A relationship therefore exists between the thermal operational adjustability (combining thermal choices and thermal control) associated with classes of buildings and the capacity for operational adjustability possessed by communities. This means that a class of building or an assemblage of buildings, eg. a ‘pueblo’ form, that provides a highly adjustable milieu is more likely to be occupied for longer periods of time, because it can accommodate more internal social changes prior to undergoing a system—level alteration into a different class of building or settlement. Conversely, an inflexible building milieu is more likely to be occupied for shorter periods of time prior to a system-level alteration, in which change will be observed in the class of building or settlement.
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Webber, Simon. "Psychological Time: The effect of task complexity upon the human estimation of duration." The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2533.
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This thesis was designed to investigate the effect of task complexity upon how humans estimate duration. Previous task complexity research suggests that duration is overestimated with simple tasks and underestimated with complex tasks. One-hundred and forty-two first and second year university students participated. Twelve experiments were conducted, which required participants to complete computer generated jigsaw puzzles and periodically estimate how long they thought they had been doing the puzzle. In Experiment 1, participants were required to complete a jigsaw puzzle before making an estimate. In the remaining eleven experiments, estimates were made throughout the session whilst participants worked on the jigsaw puzzle. In the first four experiments, a task was complex if there were more puzzle pieces and simpler if there were fewer puzzle pieces. There were no significant results obtained from the first four experiments. Given the lack of effect from the first four experiments, the next two experiments partially replicated two task complexity studies to determine how task complexity can be used as an explanation for why estimations of duration differ. Again, there were no significant results obtained from these two experiments. The next four experiments tested whether people's estimates of duration were affected by the rate of reinforcement they receive (i.e., successfully moving a puzzle piece to a new location per unit time). In the first of these two experiments (7 and 8) there was no effect of the manipulation, which consisted of decreasing the distance which a puzzle piece could be moved on the screen, relative to the distance the computer mouse was moved and fixing the speed at which a puzzle piece could be moved. In Experiments 9 and 10, more discriminative stimuli were used to indicate to participants that a change in the reinforcement rate was occurring. There was a significant result in Experiment 9 in one condition but this effect was not replicated in Experiment 10. In Experiment 11, the reinforcement rate was reduced to zero and there was a significant effect on participants' estimates of duration. However, these results suggested a confound between whether the reinforcement rate or not being able to access the jigsaw puzzle was affecting estimates of duration. In Experiment 12, access to the jigsaw puzzle was limited, whilst simultaneously controlling the reinforcement rate and the results showed that not having access to the jigsaw puzzle affected how participants estimate duration. These findings suggest that information can act as reinforcement, enabling a person to engage in private behaviour. When there is no access to reinforcement, time 'drags' for humans.
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Trammell, Melanie Kaye. "Complexity of Engineering Identity: A Study of Freshmen Engineering Students." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/91464.
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The General Engineering Program exists at Virginia Tech to provide curriculums that
engage, challenge and support entry-level engineers. One important part of this initiative
is helping students identify with a specific engineering branch, and overtime develop an
identity within it. Yet, there exists little research on what entry-level engineers believe it
means to be an engineer, especially during these stages of early formation and continual
shifting. In order to generate insight on this topic we developed a contextual inquiry
method to help inquire into engineering identity. Two participants were placed in an
online chatroom and allowed to talk for ten minutes, with one trying to answer the
question 'Am I talking to an engineer or not?' and asked to give their reasoning.
Comparisons allow entry-level engineering students to articulate their beliefs on what
characteristics, behaviors and personalities make up their cohort -- thus exposing their
ideas about identity. Moreover, this methodology also provides opportunities for
participants to critique their own bias and further develop and expose their opinions on
identity. Additionally, our findings showcase the complexity around student's
perceptions of engineers. For example, participants' responses pointed to: many sources
that inform identity, the difficulty of identifying what is uniquely engineering, how
identity is impacted by the ideal image of an engineer, that identity is a spectrum, and that
identity varies with respect to associations and time. As a result, through our inquiry and
representation of results we demonstrate the validity of our methodology as a HCI
research tool along with the power of narrative forms of representation.<br>Master of Science<br>The General Engineering Program exists at Virginia Tech to provide curriculums that engage, challenge and support entry-level engineers. One important part of this initiative is helping students identify with a specific type of engineering, and overtime develop an identity within it. Yet, there exists little research on what entry-level engineers believe it means to be an engineer, especially during their freshmen year of college when they are still forming and changing their ideas about engineering identity. In order to generate insight on this topic we developed a methodology to help inquire into engineering identity. Two participants at a time were placed in an online chatroom and allowed to talk for ten minutes, with one trying to answer the question ‘Am I talking to an engineer or not?’ and asked to give their reasoning. Comparisons allow entry-level engineering students to articulate their beliefs on what characteristics, behaviors and personalities make up their cohort -- thus exposing their ideas about identity. Moreover, this methodology also provides opportunities for participants to critique their own assumptions about engineering identity and further develop and expose their opinions on identity. Additionally, our findings showcase the complexity around student’s perceptions of engineers. For example, participants’ responses pointed to: many sources that inform identity, the difficulty of identifying what is uniquely engineering, how identity is impacted by the ideal image of an engineer, that identity is a spectrum, and that identity varies with respect to associations and time. As a result, through our inquiry and representation of results we demonstrate the validity of our methodology as a Human Computer Interaction research tool along with the power of using written stories to represent results.
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Knowles, Christine Joan. "A qualitative approach to the assessment of the cognitive complexity of an interface." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.267738.
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Lavelle, Barbara M., and barbara lavelle@deakin edu au. "complexity, age and motor competence effects on fine motor kinematics." Deakin University. School of Health Sciences, 2002. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20061207.122512.
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Prehension is a fundamental skill usually performed as part of a complex action sequence in everyday tasks. Using an information processing framework, these studies examined the effects of task complexity, defined by the number of component movement elements (MEs), on performance of prehension tasks. Of interest was how motor control and organisation might be influenced by age and/or motor competence. Three studies and two longitudinal case studies examined kinematic characteristics of prehension tasks involving one-, two- and three-MEs: reach and grasp (low-complexity); reach, grasp and object placement (moderate-complexity); and reach, grasp and double placement of object (high-complexity).
A pilot study established the suitability of tasks and procedures for children aged 5-, 8- and 11-years and showed that responses to task complexity and object size manipulations were sensitive to developmental changes, with increasing age associated with faster movements. Study 2 explored complexity and age effects further for children aged 6- and 11-years and adults. Increasing age was associated with shorter and less variable movement times (MTs) and proportional deceleration phases (%DTs) across all MEs. Task complexity had no effect on simple reaction time (SRT), suggesting that there may be little preprogramming of movements beyond the first ME. In addition, MT was longer and more on-line corrections were evident for the high- compared to the moderate-complexity task for ME1. Task complexity had a greater influence on movements in ME2 and ME3 than ME1. Adults, but not children, showed task specific adaptations in ME2.
Study 3 examined performance of children with different levels of motor competence aged between 5- and 10-years. Increasing age was associated with shorter SRTs, and MTs for ME1 only. A decrease in motor competence was associated with greater difficulty in planning and controlling movements as indicated by longer SRTs, higher %DTs and more on-line corrections, especially in ME2. Task complexity affected movements in all MEs, with a greater influence on ME1 compared to Study 2. Findings also indicated that performance in MEs following prehension may be especially sensitive to motor competence effects on movement characteristics. Case studies for two children at risk of Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) revealed two different patterns of performance change over a 16-17 month period, highlighting the heterogeneous nature of DCD. Overall, findings highlighted age-related differences, and the role of motor competence, in the ability to adapt movements to task specific requirements. Results are useful in guiding movement education programmes for children with both age-appropriate and lower levels of motor competence.
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Vakil, Sanjay S. (Sanjay Sridhar). "Analysis of complexity evolution management and human performance issues in commercial aircraft automation systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9172.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2000.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 181-187).<br>Autoflight systems in the current generation of aircraft have been implicated in several recent incidents and accidents. A contributory aspect to these incidents may be the manner in which aircraft transition between differing behaviours or "modes." The current state of aircraft automation was investigated and the incremental development of the autoflight system was tracked through a set of aircraft to gain insight into how these systems developed. This process appears to have resulted in a system without a consistent global representation. In order to evaluate and examine autoflight systems, a "Hybrid Automation Representation" was developed. This representation was used to examine several specific problems known to exist in aircraft systems. Cyclomatic complexity is an analysis tool from computer science which counts the number of linearly independent paths through a program graph. This approach was extended to examine autoflight mode transitions modelled with the Hybrid Automation Representation. A survey was conducted of pilots to identify those autoflight mode transitions which airline pilots find difficult. The transitions identified in this survey were analyzed using cyclomatic complexity to gain insight into the apparent complexity of the autoflight system from the perspective of the pilot. Mode transitions which had been identified as complex by pilots were found to have a high cyclomatic complexity. Further examination was made into a set of specific problems identified in aircraft: the lack of a consistent representation of automation, concern regarding appropriate feedback from the automation, and the implications of physical limitations on the autoflight systems. Mode transitions involved in changing to and leveling at a new altitude were identified across multiple aircraft by numerous pilots. Where possible, evaluation and verification of the behaviour of these autoflight mode transitions was investigated via aircraft-specific high fidelity simulators. Three solution approaches to concerns regarding autoflight systems, and mode transitions in particular, are presented in this thesis. The first is to use training to modify pilot behaviours, or procedures to work around known problems. The second approach is to mitigate problems by enhancing feedback. The third approach is to modify the process by which automation is designed. The Operator Directed Process forces the consideration and creation of an automation model early in the design process for use as the basis of the software specification and training.<br>by Sanjay Sridhar Vakil.<br>Ph.D.
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Contini, Angelee Joy. "Between Time and Eternity: Reimagining Spiritual Complexity through Musical Meaning and the Cinematic Human Figure." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/18760.
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In a time defined as both an age of abundant atheism which triumphs in the wake of the death of God, and an age of post-secularism which returns to religion, the discrete forms of music and cinema remain germane sites for theorising the relation between belief and the nature of existence. Taking up the particular relation between the cinematic human figure and musical meaning, how might Marcel Cobussen’s musical-spiritual concept of the threshold problematise the difference between Christian and atheistic belief, so as to reimagine the boundaries of spiritual identity, faith, truth, ethics, choice and possibility? As an original contribution to knowledge, this thesis engages a series of liminal aesthetic modes—the ineffable, the uncanny, utopian desire and absurd feeling—to bring spiritual theories of music and film philosophy into a dynamic dialogue with one another, not only to develop a circuit of reciprocity between the two disciplines that affirms the significance of one to the other, but to work toward a more complex understanding of the spiritual significance of the cinematic human figure and musical meaning than discrete theories of cinema, music or film music have traditionally accommodated alone. Drawing from a range of continental thinkers such as Friedrich Nietzsche, Søren Kierkegaard, Vladimir Jankélévitch, Edgar Morin, Gilles Deleuze and Marcel Cobussen, this thesis argues that liminal modes of musical meaning and the cinematic human figure inhabit a dynamic, indeterminate space between a belief in eternity and a belief in time, becoming conduits and catalysts for a mode of possibility I call spiritual complexity. Spiritual complexity affirms the paradox, ambiguity and irony of liminal modes of existence in our post-religious and post-secular time, where the ontological and ethical possibilities of human identity may be reimagined in the thresholds of archaic, Platonic, Christian and atheistic belief.
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Wahl, Daniel Christian. "Design for Human and Planetary Health : A Holistic and Integral Approach to Complexity and Sustainability." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.519799.
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Swift, Sally. "Thoughts, feelings and perceptions of an inner-city London community regarding the role of the school in preventing and protecting children and young people from crime." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10018266/.
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Although statistics imply that youth crime is falling, fear of crime amongst young people is prevalent. Young people living in high crime neighbourhoods are more likely to become involved with crime - as victim or offender - and to experience increased psychological stressors such as fear. Even though schools have almost universal access to young people, in the UK their role in crime prevention is in its infancy. In contrast, the positive impact of crime prevention interventions in countries including America and Australia are well documented. By analysing the perspectives of a range of young people and adult stakeholders in an inner-city community, this study contributes to knowledge about how to strengthen the role of the school in youth crime prevention. A qualitative mixed-methods design was used to allow full exploration of the topic. Young people in Years 5-9 took part in mixed gender, school-based, focus groups. Adult stakeholders, including primary and secondary school staff, the police and youth workers, shared their views in semi-structured interviews or focus groups. Each participant lived or worked in the research ward. Each interview and focus group was transcribed and analysed along three thematic analyses; ‘context of crime for young people’, ‘context of youth crime for adult community stakeholders’ and possible future ‘ways of working’. Various themes and subthemes allowed for further exploration of the topic. The findings highlight how regularly young people in high crime inner-city communities are exposed to crime, and how aware they are of it. Participants report that young people are not getting enough crime prevention support in school, and that schools could and should be doing more. The limited support available to young people is piecemeal, and tends to be reactive not preventative. This study highlights the need for increased joined-up working between youth services and education. There is also a need for a wider range of provision and better use of existing resources in such communities to better meet the holistic needs of young people and protect them from crime. Although there is no ‘one size fits all’ solution to improving crime prevention support in schools, the findings can be applied to other contexts. The study outlines the implications for professionals in these communities, including the possible role for educational psychologists.
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Zohrevandi, Elmira. "Effects of Complexity Factors on Controllers Workload in Stockholm Terminal Area." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kommunikations- och transportsystem, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-131154.
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Through a history of more than 50 years, the results of mathematical models have shown that controller workload is being driven by the complexity involved in the airspace environment. Part of this complexity is prompted by the dynamical behavior of traffic patterns. From the results of models describing controllers workload, it is observed that predictability decreases the complexity. Therefore, the general idea behind this topic is to analyze how a specific notion of predictability influences the controllers workload. This specific notion in this research is a type of automation that aircraft benefit from. In a more specific sense, the goal of this research was to analyze how the controllers handle the air traffic in different complex situations when exposed to different automation levels. The following dilemmas are focused through this work: - Information visualization of controllers interaction with radar screen - Quantification of dynamics of air traffic patterns - Modeling and quantification of controllers workload First, in order to have a grasp of the controllers interaction with the air traffic patterns, the controllers activities on the radar screen have been visualized in chapter 2. The visualization results for different automated conditions have been analyzed. Based on such analysis the criteria for problem space has been addressed and the main research question is identified. Next in chapter 3, the airspace complexity caused by air traffic flow has been studied and a set of known complexity factors are quantified using a novel calculation approach. With a logistics perspective toward airspace complexity, to calculate each complexity factor, a mathematical formulation has been used and the effects of each corresponding factor on controllers workload are addressed. Then in chapter 4, a novel approach toward modeling controllers workload is presented. After implementing the model on 18 different scenarios, a model for controllers workload has been developed in which around 60 percent of the en-route air traffic complexity values and around 80 percent of terminal air traffic complexity values could be well-matched with the workload values. From statistical point of view, the results are very much acceptable for experiments in which human factors are involved. Cognitive load has not been considered in the workload model which is the focus of a future work. Later on in chapter 5, the results for each complexity factor as well as workload models are analyzed and discussed for each sector separately. Based on the airspace complexity results, areas where traffic situation had become complex were identified and the controllers response to different situations are discussed. For each complexity factor as well as workload, the results for three different scenarios featuring different automation levels for two en-route and terminal sectors are compared. At last in chapter 6, the main ideas are discussed, thesis conclusions are presented and possible future work is suggested.
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Raimondo, Sebastian. "Network Models for Large-Scale Human Mobility." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11572/346543.
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Human mobility is a complex phenomenon emerging from the nexus between social, demographic, economic, political and environmental systems. In this thesis we develop novel mathematical models for the study of complex systems, to improve our understanding of mobility patterns and enhance our ability to predict local and global flows for real-world applications.The first and second chapters introduce the concept of human mobility from the point of view of complex systems science, showing the relation between human movements and their predominant drivers. In the second chapter in particular, we will illustrate the state of the art and a summary of our scientific contributions. The rest of the thesis is divided into three parts: structure, causes and effects.The third chapter is about the structure of a complex system: it represents our methodological contribution to Network Science, and in particular to the problem of network reconstruction and topological analysis. We propose a novel methodological framework for the definition of the topological descriptors of a complex network, when the underlying structure is uncertain. The most used topological descriptors are redefined – even at the level of a single node – as probability distributions, thus eluding the reconstruction phase. With this work we have provided a new approach to study the topological characteristics of complex networks from a probabilistic perspective.
The forth chapter deals with the effects of human mobility: it represents our scientific contribution to the debate about the COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences. We present a complex-causal analysis to investigate the relationship between environmental conditions and human activity, considered as the components of a complex socio-environmental system. In particular, we derive the network of relations between different flavors of human mobility data and other social and environmental variables. Moreover, we studied the effects of the restrictions imposed on human mobility – and human activities in general – on the environmental system. Our results highlight a statistically significant qualitative improvement in the environmental variable of interest, but this improvement was not caused solely by the restrictions due to COVID-19 pandemic, such as the lockdown.The fifth and sixth chapters deal with the modelling of causes of human mobility: the former is a concise chapter that illustrate the phenomenon of human displacements caused by environmental disasters. Specifically, we analysed data from different sources to understand the factors involved in shaping mobility patterns after tropical cyclones. The latter presents the Feature-Enriched Radiation Model (FERM), our generalization of the Radiation Model which is a state-of-the-art mathematical model for human mobility. While the original Radiation Model considers only the population as a proxy for mobility drivers, the FERM can handle any type of exogenous information that is used to define the attractiveness of different geographical locations. The model exploits this information to divert the mobility flows towards the most attractive locations, balancing the role of the population distribution. The mobility patterns at different scales can be reshaped, following the exogenous drivers encoded in the features, without neglecting the global configuration of the system.
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Gallardo, Yébenes Daniel. "The metamorphosis of feelings: Approaching a sensorial visual design based on audible perceptions." Thesis, KTH, Ljusdesign, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-220797.
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Atmospheres, events, feelings, every sensation has its own music. And the human being has been highly educated to feel the glamour of them through the hearing sense. We know how a terrifying situation sounds like; what would be the musical accompaniment for a warzone scenario or what is the perfect piece for getting into a state of relaxation. Thanks to music design it has been possible to immerse the spectator into a deeper sensorial perception experience. Users close their eyes, and feel. What if we close our ears, and feel? This thesis aims to transport the qualities of sound that produces feelings into people, to visual values communicated by an approach to architectural lighting design into architectural spaces. A music example is chosen according to the intended emotion to be transposed. It is analysed, evaluated and related to a series of theoretical fundamentals based on visual psychology, human experience, multisensorial connections and lighting design. Laws of correlation are stablished and applied to a case study which ends as a theoretical concept design of an architectural lighting design installation. Closing the document, a statement of guidelines for the conversion of subjective emotional qualities perceived from musical examples is stablished and discussed the use of it in architecture.
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Harper, Jocelyn R. ""Please do not lean on the computer it has feelings too" the relationships transferred by humans to technology /." Access electronically, 2007. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20080904.120259/index.html.
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Li, Xiaojing. "Relating brain signal complexity, cognitive performance and APOE polymorphisms : the case of young healthy human adults." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2019. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/670.
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Human brain is a complex dynamical system, whose complexity could be highly functional and characterize cognitive abilities or mental disorders. The APOE ɛ4 allele is a well-known genetic risk factor for the development of Alzheimer's Disease and cognitive decline in later human life. However, there are no robust conclusions about the APOE genotype-phenotype association among young healthy adults. The main goal of this study is to investigate the bridges between brain signal complexity, APOE genotype and cognitive performance among young adults under the framework of individual difference. Before going deeper to the main topic, the first study assessed the reliability of Residue Iteration decomposition (RIDE), a method for analysis brain signals that was applied in the main parts of my thesis. Using a dataset independent from the main topic, I demonstrated that as compared with conventional analysis method, the RIDE-reconstructed event-related-potentials (ERPs), including the N400 component reflecting the evaluation of semantic incongruities during social communication, could more sensitively characterize people across a spectrum of autistic level. The second study investigated how individual differences in APOE genotypes are associated with 1) brain signal complexity measured with Multiscale Entropy (MSE) and 2) cognitive ability in specific domain, especially, working memory capacity. Using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) we showed that APOE ε4 is associated with higher entropy at scale 1-4 and lower entropy at scale 5 and above, especially at frontal scalp regions and in an eyes open condition; in addition, we showed a stronger drop in MSE from closed to open eyes condition among ε4 carriers than non-carriers. The ε4 association with cognitive performance was complex, but basically ε4 seems to be associated with worse cognitive performance among lower educated people, whereas no such association appeared among the higher educated. The third study connected MSE with a different cognitive domain - face and object cognition abilities We showed that 1) increased MSE at all scales is associated with better cognitive performance from the view of both diffusion process during perceptual decision making and task performance accuracy. However, the association was only consistent for a closed eyes condition. 2) Increased MSE at higher scales (7 or 8) was associated with tighter coupling between RIDE-extracted single trial stimulus evaluation speed at the neural level and reaction time at the behavior level. To summarize, the results of my doctoral study connected brain signal complexity, APOE genotype and cognitive behavior among young healthy adults, providing a deeper understanding of brain-behavior relationships and - potentially - for early AD diagnosis when cognitive decline is not yet evident.
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Dollar, Alena Victoria. "The Complexity of Human Nature in the Portraits of the Marginalized in Yuri Kazakov’s Village Prose." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1020.
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One of the first Village Prose writers was Yuri Kazakov. In his short stories about life in remote Russian villages, Kazakov was able to combine traditions of Tolstoy and Dostoyevsky with traditions of Turgenev and Bunin and created a unique style using psychological parallelism in lyrical prose. Through the aspects of village, nature, time, and native language, Yuri Kazakov exposed the life of the marginals. He was interested in individuals and their personal feelings and thoughts. He did not look at individuals as a part of society but rather as a part of and the creation of nature. Therefore, he found his characters in the remote Siberian villages where the Soviet regime and propaganda minimally influenced people’s lives and their traditional values. His characters cannot be characterized as simply good or bad. Through his characters, Kazakov investigated and explored the complexity of human nature, emotions, and motifs. In his stories, he was able to masterfully unfold human souls and draw their psychological portraits to address timeless philosophical questions about the purpose of live, moral choices, unity of people and nature
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van, Schijndel Marten. "The Influence of Syntactic Frequencies on Human Sentence Processing." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1502452939626929.
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Jih, Wen-Jang. "Impact of Query Specification Mode and Problem Complexity on Query Specification Productivity of Novice Users of Database Systems." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1985. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331056/.
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With the increased demand for the utilization of computerized information systems by business users, the need for investigating the impact of various user interfaces has been well recognized. It is usually assumed that providing the user with assistance in the usage o-f a system would significantly increase the user's productivity. There is, however, a dearth of systematic inquiry into this commonly held notion to verify its validity in a scientific fashion. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of system-provided user assistance and complexity level of the problem on novice users' productivity in specifying database queries. The study is theoretical in the sense that it presents an approach adopted from research in deductive database systems to attack problems concerning user interface design. It is empirical in that it conducts an experiment in a controlled laboratory setting to collect primary data for the testing of a series of hypotheses. The two independent variables are system-provided user assistance and problem complexity, while the dependent variable is the user's query specification productivity. Three measures are used as separate indicators of query specification productivity: number of syntactic errors, number of semantic errors, and time required for completing a query task. Due to the lack of a well-defined metric for user assistance, the study first presents a generic classification scheme for relational query specification. Based on this classification scheme, two quantitative metrics for measuring the amount of user assistance in terms of prompts and defaults were developed. The user assistance is operationally defined with these two metrics. Four findings emerge as significant results of the study. First, user assistance has a significant main effect on all of the three dependent measures at the 1 percent significance level. Second, problem complexity also has a significant impact on the three productivity measures at the 1 percent significance level. Third, the interaction effect of user assistance and problem complexity on the number of semantic errors and the amount of time for completion is significant at the 1 percent level. Fourth, Although this interaction effect on the number of syntactic errors is not significant at the 5 percent level, it is at the 10 percent level. More research is needed to permit a thorough understanding of the issue of user interface design. A list of topics is suggested for future research to confirm or to modify the findings of this study.
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Brill, Robert T. "The effect of job knowledge and task complexity on information processing and rating ability." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39444.
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Previous research exploring the assumptions of process invariance (Walker, 1989) found discrepancies between
process and rating outcomes when rater and ratee populations were crossed. Divergent results were attributed to
differences in the ratee stimulus performance tapes. The present study attempted to explore how levels of task
complexity would moderate the relationship between job knowledge and both information processing and rating
accuracy. 123 male subjects were measured on their knowledge of football, and viewed the performance of either
offensive tackles (complex task) or running backs (simple task) under directions to either form an impression or
remember as much detail as possible. It was expected that observational purpose would moderate the type of information
recalled, rating accuracy, and accuracy in recording behavior frequencies in the complex task condition only.
Results supported hypotheses only tor Cronbaoh-. (19S5) elevation measure pertaining to behavior frequency ratings,
and consistent task complexity main effects among accuracy measures for behavior frequency ratings. Some possible
limitations and explanations for the present results and some implioations for future researoh are offered.<br>Ph. D.
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Law, Ian. "Human brain mapping under increasing cognitive complexity using regional cerebral blood flow measurements and positron emission tomography /." København : Lægeforeningens Forlag, 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=015791401&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Vogel, Alexander, Jörg Nikolaus, Katrin Weise, et al. "Interaction of the human N-Ras protein with lipid raft model membranes of varying degrees of complexity." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-191006.
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Ternary lipid mixtures composed of cholesterol, saturated (frequently with sphingosine backbone), and unsaturated phospholipids show stable phase separation and are often used as model systems of lipid rafts.
Yet, their ability to reproduce raft properties and function is still debated. We investigated the properties and functional aspects of three lipid raft model systems of varying degrees of biological relevance – PSM/POPC/Chol, DPPC/POPC/Chol, and DPPC/DOPC/Chol – using 2H solidstate
nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. While some minor differences were observed, the general behavior and properties of all three model mixtures were similar to previously investigated influenza envelope
lipid membranes, which closely mimic the lipid composition of biological membranes. For the investigation of the functional aspects, we employed the human N-Ras protein, which is posttranslationally modified by two lipid
modifications that anchor the protein to the membrane. It was previously shown that N-Ras preferentially resides in liquid-disordered domains and exhibits a time-dependent accumulation in the domain boundaries of influenza envelope lipid membranes. For all three model mixtures,
we observed the same membrane partitioning behavior for N-Ras. Therefore, we conclude that even relatively simple models of raft membranes are able to reproduce many of their specific properties and functions.
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Vogel, Alexander, Jörg Nikolaus, Katrin Weise, et al. "Interaction of the human N-Ras protein with lipid raft model membranes of varying degrees of complexity." de Gruyter, 2014. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A14050.
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Ternary lipid mixtures composed of cholesterol, saturated (frequently with sphingosine backbone), and unsaturated phospholipids show stable phase separation and are often used as model systems of lipid rafts.
Yet, their ability to reproduce raft properties and function is still debated. We investigated the properties and functional aspects of three lipid raft model systems of varying degrees of biological relevance – PSM/POPC/Chol, DPPC/POPC/Chol, and DPPC/DOPC/Chol – using 2H solidstate
nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. While some minor differences were observed, the general behavior and properties of all three model mixtures were similar to previously investigated influenza envelope
lipid membranes, which closely mimic the lipid composition of biological membranes. For the investigation of the functional aspects, we employed the human N-Ras protein, which is posttranslationally modified by two lipid
modifications that anchor the protein to the membrane. It was previously shown that N-Ras preferentially resides in liquid-disordered domains and exhibits a time-dependent accumulation in the domain boundaries of influenza envelope lipid membranes. For all three model mixtures,
we observed the same membrane partitioning behavior for N-Ras. Therefore, we conclude that even relatively simple models of raft membranes are able to reproduce many of their specific properties and functions.
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Atsma, Willem Jentje. "Inference of central nervous system input and its complexity for interactive arm movement." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/59.
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This dissertation demonstrates a new method for inferring a representation of the motor command, generated by the central nervous system for interactive point-to-point movements. This new tool, the input inference neural network or IINN, allows estimation of the complexity of the motor command. The IINN was applied to experimental data gathered from 7 volunteer subjects who performed point-to-point tasks while interacting with a specially constructed haptic robot. The motor plan inference demonstrates that, for the point-to-point movement tasks executed during experiments, the motor command can be projected onto a low-dimensional manifold. This dimension is estimated to be 4 or 5 and far less than the degrees of freedom available in the arm. It is hypothesized that subjects simplify the problem of adapting
to changing environments by projecting the motor control problem onto a motor manifold of low dimension. Reducing the dimension of the movement optimization problem through the
development of a motor manifold can explain rapid adaptation to new motor tasks.
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Ries, Fabian [Verfasser], and B. [Akademischer Betreuer] Deml. "Visual complexity in human-machine interaction = Visuelle Komplexität in der Mensch-Maschine Interaktion / Fabian Ries ; Betreuer: B. Deml." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1229514600/34.
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Nyberg, Karin. "Quality management for a new paradigm : How design thinking and a human centred culture can meet increased complexity." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för kvalitets- och maskinteknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-42971.
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I denna fallstudie har SeventyOne Consulting analyserats som ett exempel på en organisation som verkar under det kommande paradigmet inom kvalitetsutvecklingen. Studien kopplar samman teori från kvalitetfältet med design thinking, paradigmteori och teori om människocentrerad företagskultur. Syftet var att bidra med kunskap gällande vilken roll design thinking och människocentrerad företagskultur kan spela i ett kommande paradigm inom kvalitetsutveckling. Frågeställningarna var: 1. Hur kan det kommande paradigmet i kvalitetsutveckling förstås? 2. Vilken roll kan design thinking och en människocentrerad företagskultur spela i det kommande paradigmet? Metoden inkluderade semi-deltagande observationer av organisationen, icke-deltagande observationer av arbetet med kunder, intervjuer med företagets medlemmar samt dokumentationsanalys. Studien har huvudsakligen genomförts online. Dess resultat har organiserats i den metaforiska och hypotetiska analysmodellen bröllopstårtan, vilken illustrerar hur en människocentrerad företagskultur baserad på psykologisk trygghet, Teal-principer och glädje utgör grunden för att hantera kunders komplexa problem utifrån de metodologiska strategierna relatera och samskapa, eklektisk metod och ett design thinking mindset. Design kapabilitet har analyserats som förmågan att sammankoppla och arbeta utifrån flera olika kunskapstraditioner samtidigt, samt integrera företagskulturer utifrån en människocentrerad bas. Människocentrerad kultur har därmed förståtts som en förutsättning för att kunna möta komplexiteten och innovationskraven som präglar det nya paradigmet, medan design thinking förståtts som en potentiellt användbar metod, förutsatt att design kapabilitet utvecklats.<br>In this case study, SeventyOne Consulting was analysed as an example of an organisation operating under the coming paradigm in quality management. The study connected theory from quality management, design thinking, paradigm theory and human-centred culture theory. The purpose was to contribute with knowledge concerning what role design thinking and a human-centred culture can play in the coming paradigm of quality management. The research questions were: 1. How can the coming paradigm of Quality Management be understood? 2. Which roles can design thinking and a human-centred culture play in the coming paradigm? The method included semi-participatory observations of the organisation, non-participatory observations with its customers, interviews with its members and document analysis. The study has mainly been performed online. Its result were organised into the metaphorical and hypothetical analytic model of the wedding cake, illustrating how a human-centred culture based on psychological safety, Teal principles and happiness gives the foundation for handling customers’ complex problems through the methodological strategies relate and co-create, eclectic methodology and a design thinking mindset. Design capability was analysed as the ability to connect and work simultaneously with different kinds of knowledge and integrating cultures, while also coming from a human-centredness. Human-centred cultures were thereby understood as an important prerequisite for being able to meet the complexity and innovative demands of a new paradigm, while design thinking was understood as a potentially suitable method, provided that design-capability has been developed.<br><p>2021-06-06</p>
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Mengucci, Carlo <1992>. "A take on complexity: bio-molecules and human metabolism interaction modelling for health and nutrition with machine learning." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/10198/1/PhD_thesis_Carlo_Mengucci_AMS.pdf.
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The advent of omic data production has opened many new perspectives in the quest for modelling complexity in biophysical systems. With the capability of characterizing a
complex organism through the patterns of its molecular states, observed at different levels through various omics, a new paradigm of investigation is arising. In this thesis, we investigate the links between perturbations of the human organism, described as the ensemble of crosstalk of its molecular states, and health. Machine learning plays a key role within this picture, both in omic data analysis and model building. We propose and discuss different frameworks developed by the author using machine learning for data reduction, integration, projection on latent features, pattern analysis, classification and clustering of
omic data, with a focus on 1H NMR metabolomic spectral data. The aim is to link different levels of omic observations of molecular states, from nanoscale to macroscale, to study perturbations such as diseases and diet interpreted as changes in molecular patterns.
The first part of this work focuses on the fingerprinting of diseases, linking cellular and systemic metabolomics with genomic to asses and predict the downstream of perturbations all the way down to the enzymatic network. The second part is a set of frameworks and models, developed with 1H NMR metabolomic at its core, to study the exposure of the human organism to diet and food intake in its full complexity, from epidemiological data analysis to molecular characterization of food structure.
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Danieletto, Matteo <1993>. "Economic Complexity, Human Capital and Trade: what the fast growth of South Korea can teach the Italian economy." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/16508.
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Italia e Corea del Sud: geograficamente e culturalmente così distanti ma sorprendentemente più simili di quel che si possa immaginare. A partire dall'analisi dello sviluppo dell'indice di complessità economico coreano, la tesi si vuole focalizzare su quali siano i fattori su cui l'Italia può prendere spunto per pianificare una ripresa economica decisa e convinta.
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Myr, Erik, and Simon Lange. "Att uppfatta platser : En studie om hur offentliga platser uppfattas och hur det påverkar individers förhållande till dem." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för geografi, medier och kommunikation (from 2013), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-74284.
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Denna uppsats tar sitt avstamp i en enkel fundering; varför är det så många platser som ser ut att vara planerade på ett sätt men används på ett annat? För att smalna ner funderingen till ett konkret syfte med konkreta frågeställningar har vi tagit lärdom av olika teorier, bland annat Tuan (1997) som beskriver platser och hur de kan förstås. Vi har också läst Cattell et al. (2008) som gjort en studie inom ett snarlikt område som vårt, fast undersökt hur personer med olika kulturell bakgrund och etnicitet använder offentliga platser av olika typer och hur det påverkar hälsan. Teori och tidigare forskning likt dessa mynnar ner i syftet med arbetet som är att undersöka hur personer uppfattar offentliga platser och hur deras platskännedom, känslor och erfarenheter påverkar hur de använder platserna. Frågeställningarna som följer syftet är Hur påverkar uppfattningen av offentliga platser personers sätt att förhålla sig till dem? samt Vilka lärdomar kan dras av uppfattningen kring platser kopplat till samhällsplanering? För att kunna besvara dessa frågeställningar har vi valt att göra kvalitativa intervjuer eftersom känslor och erfarenheter bör få beskrivas snarare än värderas i ett kvantitativt formulär. Intervjuerna har resulterat i en förståelse för vad uppfattningen är, hur det påverkar personers förhållande till offentliga platser och hur det kan komma till nytta inom samhällsplanering. Av studien framkommer att det finns skillnader mellan kvinnor och män i hur de använder olika platser, kvinnor är bland annat mer säkerhetsorienterade och eftertänksamma. Ålder är också en aspekt som visat sig spela roll då erfarenheten av platser och platskännedomen oftast är större hos de som är äldre, vilket kan väcka känslor som nostalgi, vilket yngre personer i studien inte kopplar till de platser vi undersökt. Slutligen konstateras att uppfattningen av platser kan bidra i planeringen av offentliga platser eftersom de ger viktiga infallsvinklar på hur platser används.<br>This Bachelors Thesis was formulated from a simple question, why is it that so many places seem to be planned a certain way but are used differently? To narrow down the research questions and to make concrete problem statements, we have reviewed some of the literature in the field. For example, Tuan (1997) on place and the understanding of place and Cattell et al. (2008). The literature and previous research amounts to the purpose of researching how the place knowledge and sense of place affect people’s usage of a different variety of public places. The experience of place is based on the person’s knowledge, feelings and experiences linked to place and is of value for planers to learn as to why and how places are used. The statement of the problem is as follows: How do place knowledge and sense of place affect different people’s relations to public places? and What can be learned from how people experience place to benefit urban planning as a profession? To answer these questions, we chose a qualitative research with interviews, since feelings and experiences is better described than checked in boxes. The interviews have resulted in an understanding of how place is perceived and lived, how it affects the usage of public places and how it can be used in planning. This thesis finds that there is a difference between women and men in how they use different places, women are for example more thoughtful and oriented towards security. Age is also a factor that matters in experience and knowledge gathering, which also leads to nostalgia in some cases. Finally, it can be concluded that an understanding of peoples usage and experience of place can, and according to us should, affect planning as it gives new perspective on how places are used.
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Den, Hartigh Jan Rudolf. "Capturing complex processes of human performance : insights from the domain of sports." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONT4001/document.
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La performance sportive est influencée par de nombreux facteurs, lesquels s’influencent eux-mêmes réciproquement. La complexité de ces facteurs et de leurs relations ayant été négligée par les chercheurs, l’objet de la présente thèse était de rendre compte de cette complexité, à l’aide de méthodes empruntées à l’approche dynamique. Nous avons pu montrer que (a) les joueurs de football les plus experts construisent leur représentations du jeu en cours (les liens entre actions réalisées sur le terrain) avec des niveaux de complexité les plus élevés; (b) en aviron, une organisation motrice complexe, impliquant des interactions entre de nombreuses composantes, sous-tend la génération des mouvements de rame en cours; (c) le momentum psychologique en aviron se caractérise par des changements psychologiques et de performance qui s’inscrivent dans l’histoire de la performance; et (d) la performance excellente se développe à partir des interactions en cours entre les facteurs personnels et environnementaux couplés. Ces différents éclairages montrent l’intérêt d’une approche de la complexité pour comprendre les processus de performance<br>The processes involved in human performance seem inherently complex and dynamic. For example, in order to “read the game”, a soccer player must integrate all the information from the ongoing movements and positions of team members, the opponents, the relative positions between them, where the ball is located, etc. Furthermore, an individual’s motor performance, which is particularly crucial in sports, depends on various simultaneous processes at different levels of the motor system: Cells, muscles, limbs, the brain, etc. In addition, individuals and teams do not perform in a void, but in achievement contexts, in which they strive for their goals, and their psychological states and performance may fluctuate as a function of many personal and environmental factors. For example, an athlete may enter a positive or negative spiral when perceiving that he or she is progressing or regressing in relation to the preferred goal or outcome (e.g., the victory). This perception of progress and regress, and the positive and negative psychological and behavioral (performance) changes accompanying this perception, are called positive and negative psychological momentum (PM; e.g., Gernigon, Briki, & Eykens, 2010). Positive and negative PM can emerge from one’s (or the opponent’s) mistakes, referee decisions, crowd behaviors, one’s psychological and physical state at a certain moment, and the interactions between these factors (Taylor & Demick, 1994). In addition, switching from performance on a relatively short time frame to a long-term process, individuals develop their abilities over multiple years, and hence over many practice or competition occasions. Ultimately, very few individuals develop world-class performance (e.g., winning Olympic medals), and their excellent abilities develop out of a combination of a variety of personal and environmental factors in interaction (e.g., motivation, coaching, family support, practice; Simonton, 1999). The current dissertation aims to capture complex dynamic performance-related processes, including the topics illustrated above. This means that we examine complexity at different levels (psychological, behavioral), time scales (from one training or competition session up to a career), as well as the interrelation between the processes across different levels and time scales
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Wolf, Laurie. "Balancing the complexity of patient falls : implementing quality improvement and human factors/ergonomics and systems engineering strategies in healthcare." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2016. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/21410.
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Introduction: Falls are the leading cause of death due to injury among the elderly. Every 24 minutes an older adult dies from a fall related injury. Studies using 3 different methods were performed at a large urban, academic medical center in the US. Aim #1: Understand the advantages and disadvantages of QI methodologies (Lean and Six Sigma) and HFE when applied to fall prevention in the acute care setting: o Evaluate the contribution of QI and HFE to fall prevention with a focus on reducing falls with serious injury. o Use studies with different methodologies (Lean, Six Sigma) to develop and implement an intervention with the goal of decreasing total falls and falls with injury. o Compare methodologies (Lean, Six Sigma and HFE) to understand their benefits and limitations. Aim #2: Develop recommendations for fall prevention: o Investigate interventions and assess success of fall prevention. o Develop an understanding of interventions that prevent falls resulting in injury. Methodology and Results: Study #1 (Method = Lean, Intervention = Standard Work): Study #1 used Lean techniques such as standard work to improve fall risk assessment and intervention selection. Total falls decreased by 22%. At first glance this appears successful but a deeper evaluation of the serious injuries revealed more improvement is needed. There were still 15 falls with serious injuries that occurred among the three oncology divisions. These rare but serious injuries result in a longer hospital stay and increased cost of treatment that is not reimbursed. Due to a climate of increasing financial pressure further reduction of serious injury was desired. Study #2 (Method = Six Sigma, Intervention = Patient Partnering: Study #2 used Six Sigma tools to investigate root causes of falls. An intervention called Patient Partnering was developed to encourage patients to call for help and participate in preventing their own falls. There were no falls with serious injury for over 14 consecutive months. However, the intervention was difficult to sustain due to resistance from nurses and patients. Falls with injuries resumed as the intervention ceased. Study #3 (Method = Qualitative HFE, Intervention = Patient Interview): Study #3 was a qualitative study based on Human Factors principles to understand patient s perception of fall risk. It was found that patients did not think they would fall and felt particularly safe and protected while in hospital. They found it difficult to get around with IV tubes and crowed spaces. They wanted information and assistance when they need it, in the format they prefer (customized for each individual patient). Impact on society: Falls prevention interventions need to be designed for all the stakeholders (patients and staff). Patients think nurses will keep them safe and are willing to participate with fall prevention if they feel it is tailored to their needs. Until all perspectives are taken into account it is unlikely that there will be sustained and embedded improvements. Key message: Falls with injury are rare events with complex root causes that require agile solutions with constant revision to align with rapidly changing conditions and interactions. Reducing injury will take a balance between safe environment, organization, processes, tasks and behaviors from staff and patients.
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Muro, Lamar Ray Dee C. "The effects of a human developmental counseling application curriculum on content integration, application, and cognitive complexity for counselor trainees." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2007. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-5138.
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Muro, Lamar. "The Effects of a Human Developmental Counseling Application Curriculum on Content Integration, Application, and Cognitive Complexity for Counselor Trainees." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2007. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5138/.
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Although professional counselors have distinguished themselves among helping professionals through a focus and foundational framework in normal human growth and development over the life-span, a majority of programs neglect to incorporate training opportunities enabling students to translate developmental theory to clinical practice. In this mixed-method study, the researcher explored the effects of a human developmental counseling application curriculum and examined cognitive complexity levels among counselor trainees. Qualitative results support gains in both the integration and application of developmental content while quantitative results offer partial support for cognitive complexity gains among trainees. This study identifies a curricular training experience in which counselor trainees' integration and application human developmental theory as well as cognitive complexity, are notably enhanced.