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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Interfering error”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 3 czerwca 2025

Data aktualizacji: 31 lipca 2025

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1

Sussmann, R., and T. Borsdorff. "Interference errors in infrared remote sounding of the atmosphere." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 6, no. 6 (2006): 13027–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-6-13027-2006.

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Abstract. More and more profiles of atmospheric state parameters are being retrieved from remote soundings in the infrared spectral domain. Classical error analysis, which was originally applied to microwave sounding systems, distinguishes between "smoothing errors," "forward model errors," "forward model parameter errors," and "retrieval noise errors". We show that for infrared soundings "interference errors", which have not been treated up to now, can be significant. Interference errors originate from "interfering species" that introduce signatures into the spectral measurement which overlap

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2

Kazantsev, A. A., B. A. Samorodov, I. V. Smirnov, and A. M. Terentev. "Radar cross section measurements error reduction by the interfering clutter rejection in an anechoic chamber." Ural Radio Engineering Journal 6, no. 3 (2022): 324–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/urej.2022.6.3.006.

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The influence of the interfering clutter on the radar cross section (RCS) measurements error is demonstrated. Two main partial components of the RCS measurements error are considered: electromagnetic field amplitude irregularity and cross-polarization isolation level. The expediency of the interfering clutter rejection by the planar electromagnetic field signal gating is justified in the partial components of the RCS measurements error reduction purposes. The possibility to reduce RCS measurements error more than 7 percent for the low frequency band based on experimental data, measured in the

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3

Sussmann, R., and T. Borsdorff. "Technical Note: Interference errors in infrared remote sounding of the atmosphere." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 7, no. 13 (2007): 3537–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-3537-2007.

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Abstract. Classical error analysis in remote sounding distinguishes between four classes: "smoothing errors," "model parameter errors," "forward model errors," and "retrieval noise errors". For infrared sounding "interference errors", which, in general, cannot be described by these four terms, can be significant. Interference errors originate from spectral residuals due to "interfering species" whose spectral features overlap with the signatures of the target species. A general method for quantification of interference errors is presented, which covers all possible algorithmic implementations,

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4

Chang, Di, Xu Xing, Pengcheng Hu, Jianing Wang, and Jiubin Tan. "Double-Diffracted Spatially Separated Heterodyne Grating Interferometer and Analysis on its Alignment Tolerance." Applied Sciences 9, no. 2 (2019): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9020263.

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An optical configuration of double-diffracted spatially separated heterodyne grating interferometer with a mechanical fixture was designed. To further investigate its features and provide robust measurements, the alignment tolerance in double-diffracted spatially separated heterodyne grating interferometer was qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. Except for the offset error causing no influence on the interfering signal, the effect of the other four errors, roll, yaw, pitch angles, and stand-off error were geometrically analyzed and mathematically modeled. The simulation result quantifie

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5

Li, Ting Jun, Jian Li Han, Zhi Yong Liu, Ya Zhou Zhang, and Jian Cun Ren. "Research on Passive Location Based on the Least Square Estimation Method." Key Engineering Materials 474-476 (April 2011): 1388–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.474-476.1388.

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Passive location system does not radiate electromagnetic wave, so it can work passively and conceal itself very well. Main factors interfering location precision are: measure errors of time difference, measure errors of three satellites, height errors of targets location on earth, geometry form of satellites cluster and orbit height of satellites cluster; The Least-square estimation method is presented, at the same time in the process of algorithm iteration the target height can be inquired in the geography information system and be corrected continuously, and the localization error is analyze

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6

Baron, Ph, Ph Ricaud, J. de la Noë, et al. "Studies for the Odin sub-millimetre radiometer. II. Retrieval methodology." Canadian Journal of Physics 80, no. 4 (2002): 341–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p01-150.

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This paper presents the first algorithm developed to retrieve atmospheric vertical profiles of trace gases from calibrated spectra measured by the sub-millimetre radiometer (SMR) onboard the Odin satellite. An estimation of atmospheric profiles is obtained by means of an inversion of the spectra using the Optimal Estimation Method. Great attention is paid to the study of the simultaneous retrieval of several species and nonlinearity effects. The measurement response is defined to give the altitude domain of a good retrieval. Main sources of measurement and forward model errors are characterize

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7

von Clarmann, Thomas, Norbert Glatthor, Udo Grabowski, et al. "TUNER-compliant error estimation for MIPAS: methodology." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 15, no. 23 (2022): 6991–7018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-6991-2022.

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Abstract. This paper describes the error estimation for temperature and trace gas mixing ratios retrieved from the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) limb emission spectra. The following error sources are taken into account: measurement noise, propagated temperature and pointing noise, uncertainties in the abundances of spectrally interfering species, instrument line shape errors, and spectroscopic data uncertainties in terms of line intensities and broadening coefficients. Furthermore, both the direct impact of volatile and persistent gain calibration uncertaint

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8

Michaeli, Linus, and Ján Šaliga. "Error Models of the Analog to Digital Converters." Measurement Science Review 14, no. 2 (2014): 62–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/msr-2014-0010.

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Abstract Error models of the Analog to Digital Converters describe metrological properties of the signal conversion from analog to digital domain in a concise form using few dominant error parameters. Knowledge of the error models allows the end user to provide fast testing in the crucial points of the full input signal range and to use identified error models for post correction in the digital domain. The imperfections of the internal ADC structure determine the error characteristics represented by the nonlinearities as a function of the output code. Progress in the microelectronics and missi

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9

M.HOSHUMHUJAEV1 and IMOMKULOV2 SH. "Optimization of Time Modes of Neutron Activation Analysis of Natural Media Samples." Euro Afro Studies International Journal, (EASIJ.COM), 2, no. 2 (2020): 32–45. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3987386.

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The time modes of neutron activation analysis of samples of natural environments were experimentally optimized based on the nuclear-physical characteristics of the studied and "interfering" radionuclides. The detection limit and the accuracy of element detection were chosen as criteria for optimizing the method. The analysis of metrological parameters of neutron activation analysis allowed us to conclude that the detection limit is low, reproducibility is satisfactory and correctness is correct, which favors the use of the method in quality control of various natural environments. &n

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10

Sai, Shizuki, Mitsunori Urata, and Iwao Ogawa. "Evaluation of Linearity and Interference Effect on SMBG and POCT Devices, Showing Drastic High Values, Low Values, or Error Messages." Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology 13, no. 4 (2019): 734–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1932296818821664.

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Background: When a patient with diabetes measures blood glucose levels using a simple blood glucose meter, an error message or abnormal value may be displayed because of interfering substances, potentially leading to unnecessary medical treatment. Methods: Here, we tested 10 self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) and point-of-care testing (POCT) devices to investigate under what conditions they fail to measure blood glucose levels or display abnormal values instead. We also evaluated the influence and linearity of several well-known interfering substances and hematocrit (Ht). Each adjusted sa

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11

O’Broin, Alanna. "All-or-nothing thinking: Using thinking skills to re-appraise performance-interfering thinking." International Coaching Psychology Review 3, no. 3 (2008): 250–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsicpr.2008.3.3.250.

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Using the all-or-nothing thinking error as an example, this paper addresses the learning and use by coachees of thinking skills to identify performance-interfering thoughts (PITS) and then re-appraise them into more helpful and goal-focused performance-enhancing thoughts (PETS). A brief practical example is provided.

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12

Postma, Albert, and Herman Kolk. "The Covert Repair Hypothesis." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 36, no. 3 (1993): 472–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3603.472.

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Self-repairing of speech errors demonstrates that speakers possess a monitoring device with which they verify the correctness of the speech flow. There is substantial evidence that this speech monitor not only comprises an auditory component (i.e., hearing one’s own speech), but also an internal part: inspection of the speech program prior to its motoric execution. Errors thus may be detected before they are actually articulated. In the covert repair hypothesis of disfluency, this internal error detection possibility has been extended with an internal correction counterpart. Basically, the cov

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13

Mihaljević, Ante, Adriana Lipovac, Vlatko Lipovac, and Jasmin Musovic. "Practical BER-Based Estimation of Residual OFDM CFO by Reducing Noise Margin." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2020 (September 26, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8881436.

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The main OFDM drawbacks are Carrier Frequency Offset (CFO) and large Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR), which both degrade the Bit Error Rate (BER). Specifically, we consider here clipping or any other PAPR reduction method sufficient to prevent the nonlinear high-power amplifier from generating errors. Moreover, in small cells, the signal-to-noise ratio is large, while the small time dispersion allows the OFDM symbol cyclic prefix to prevent intersymbol interference. This retains the CFO to solely determine the BER and vice versa, enabling indirect estimation of CFO-induced phase distortion

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14

Emil Eskildsen, Carl, and Tormod Næs. "Sample-Specific Prediction Error Measures in Spectroscopy." Applied Spectroscopy 74, no. 7 (2020): 791–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003702820913562.

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In applied spectroscopy, the purpose of multivariate calibration is almost exclusively to relate analyte concentrations and spectroscopic measurements. The multivariate calibration model provides estimates of analyte concentrations based on the spectroscopic measurements. Predictive performance is often evaluated based on a mean squared error. While this average measure can be used in model selection, it is not satisfactory for evaluating the uncertainty of individual predictions. For a calibration, the uncertainties are sample specific. This is especially true for multivariate calibration, wh

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15

Kalandarov, P. I., O. N. Olimov, D. A. Abdullaeva, D. B. Yadgarova, and N. SH Azizova. "Analysis of the error of influencing factors on the result of measuring the moisture content of grain and grain products." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1206, no. 1 (2023): 012018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1206/1/012018.

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Abstract The potential to utilize an ultrahigh-frequency method to regulate the humidity of grain and the products of their industrial processing, allowing one to use this method to regulate technological processes in the production environments of grain-processing industries by controlling the material under examination in free space and converting the measured parameters of the electromagnetic wave passed through the material into an electrical signal. The developed functional scheme of the experimental setup based on the ultrahigh-frequency method of dependence of attenuation and phase shif

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16

Kishimoto, N., I. Somiya, and R. Taniyama. "Improved ultraviolet spectrophotometric method for determination of nitrate in natural waters." Water Supply 2, no. 2 (2002): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2002.0066.

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An improved UV spectrophotometric method for determination of nitrate in natural waters was proposed and the determination accuracy of the method was discussed in this study. As a result of estimation of the proposed method, adoption of 215 and 220 nm for detection of nitrate and interfering substances resulted in decreasing standard error to about a half of that of a conventional spectrophotometric method. One of the reasons was thought that the coefficient of variation of relative absorbance of interfering substances (rs) at 215 nm was smaller and more stable than that at 275 nm, which was u

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17

Zhao, Meng, Wenbo Wang, Qunyan Ren, Haiyan Ni, Xu Xiao, and Li Ma. "Modified you-only-look-once model for joint source detection and azimuth estimation in a multi-interfering underwater acoustic environment." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 153, no. 4 (2023): 2393. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0017828.

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The you-only-look-once (YOLO) model identifies objects in complex images by framing detection as a regression problem with spatially separated boundaries and class probabilities. Object detection from complex images is somewhat similar to underwater source detection from acoustic data, e.g., time-frequency distributions. Herein, YOLO is modified for joint source detection and azimuth estimation in a multi-interfering underwater acoustic environment. The modified you-only-look-once (M-YOLO) input is a frequency-beam domain (FBD) sample containing the target and multi-interfering spectra at diff

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18

Pochernyaev, V. N., N. M. Syvkova, and M. S. Mahomedova. "Error Probability of a Multipath Communication Channel With Inaccurate Estimation of the Impulse Characteristic of Such Channel." Visnyk NTUU KPI Seriia - Radiotekhnika Radioaparatobuduvannia, no. 92 (June 30, 2023): 23–27. https://doi.org/10.20535/radap.2023.92.23-27.

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The possibility of error in the case of imprecise estimation of the impulse characteristic of a multipath channel is investigated in the article. The study was carried out for a multipath communication channel of discrete channel models, which corresponds to the mapping of a continuous two-path channel onto a discrete channel with an impulse characteristic. Numerical results of calculations are obtained, which can be used to calculate the error probability in the cases indicated in the article, which differ in the ratio of the amplitudes of the interfering beams. Formulas for calculating proba

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19

Ingram, J. D., C. F. Morris, E. E. MacKnight, and T. W. Parks. "Direct phase determination of S‐wave velocities from acoustic waveform logs." GEOPHYSICS 50, no. 11 (1985): 1746–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1441864.

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A new technique for producing S-wave logs from borehole acoustic waves has been developed. The procedure is based on direct phase calculations for time‐windowed waveforms obtained with an acoustic logging tool. A window is positioned over the S-wave portion of the signals, and window moveout is chosen to give zero‐phase differences in a band of frequencies across the array of receivers. A major issue in application of this method is the error introduced by windowing and by interfering signals such as casing arrivals, residual P-waves, and modes propagating in the borehole. Examples using synth

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20

Zhang, Xiaohua Douglas, Shane D. Marine, and Marc Ferrer. "Error Rates and Powers in Genome-Scale RNAi Screens." Journal of Biomolecular Screening 14, no. 3 (2009): 230–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087057109331475.

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For hit selection in genome-scale RNAi research, we do not want to miss small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) with large effects; meanwhile, we do not want to include siRNAs with small or no effects in the list of selected hits. There is a strong need to control both the false-negative rate (FNR), in which the siRNAs with large effects are not selected as hits, and the restricted false-positive rate (RFPR), in which the siRNAs with no or small effects are selected as hits. An error control method based on strictly standardized mean difference (SSMD) has been proposed to maintain a flexible and balan

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21

Harley, Trevor A. "Environmental contamination of normal speech." Applied Psycholinguistics 11, no. 1 (1990): 45–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716400008286.

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ABSTRACTEnvironmentally contaminated speech errors occur when material derived from the speaker's environment but irrelevant to the speaker's intended utterance is erroneously incorporated into speech. Such material may include the names of objects at which speakers are looking, words that speakers are concurrently reading, segments of speech that speakers overhear, or properties of objects in the environment. It was found that although environmental contaminations display less phonological facilitation than other speech error types, they display some semantic facilitation. If the target item

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22

Xiong, Xing-Ting, Xing-Hua Qu, and Fu-Min Zhang. "Error Correction for FSI-Based System without Cooperative Target Using an Adaptive Filtering Method and a Phase-Matching Mosaic Algorithm." Applied Sciences 8, no. 10 (2018): 1954. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8101954.

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In our frequency scanning interferometry-based (FSI-based) absolute distance measurement system, a frequency sampling method is used to eliminate the influence of laser tuning nonlinearity. However, because the external cavity laser (ECL) has been used for five years, factors such as the mode hopping of the ECL and the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in a non-cooperative target measurement bring new problems, including erroneous sampling points, phase jumps, and interfering signals. This article analyzes the impacts of the erroneous sampling points and interfering signals on the accuracy of me

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23

Patzak, E. "Calculation of bit error rate in DPSK system with interfering echoes from optical amplifier chain." Electronics Letters 25, no. 14 (1989): 902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19890605.

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Kiefer, Michael, Thomas von Clarmann, Bernd Funke, et al. "Version 8 IMK–IAA MIPAS ozone profiles: nominal observation mode." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 16, no. 5 (2023): 1443–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-1443-2023.

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Abstract. A new global O3 data product retrieved from the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) spectra with the IMK–IAA MIPAS data processor has been released. These data are based on ESA version 8 recalibrated radiance spectra with improved temporal stability. Changes in the level-2 processing with respect to previous data versions include the following: (1) the retrievals use improved temperature data and thus suffer less from the propagation of related errors. (2) The background continuum is now considered up to 58 km. (3) A priori information is now used to con

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Chu, Chen-Hua, Yu-Xuan Lin, Chun-Kuo Liu, and Mei-Chun Lai. "Development of Innovative Online Modularized Device for Turbidity Monitoring." Sensors 23, no. 6 (2023): 3073. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23063073.

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Given progress in water-quality analytical technology and the emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) in recent years, compact and durable automated water-quality monitoring devices have substantial market potential. Due to susceptibility to the influence of interfering substances, which lowers measurement accuracy, existing automated online monitoring devices for turbidity, a key indicator of a natural water body, feature a single light source and are thus insufficient for more complicated water-quality measurement. The newly developed modularized water-quality monitoring device boasts dual

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26

Tian, Xuhua, Jing Guo, and Zhili Ren. "Performance Analysis of an IRS-Assisted SWIPT System with Phase Error and Interference." Sensors 25, no. 12 (2025): 3756. https://doi.org/10.3390/s25123756.

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In this paper, we investigate a simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) communication system enhanced by an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS). Our study takes into account the imperfections in the phase shift of the IRS and the presence of interfering signals reflected by the IRS at the destination terminal. Additionally, our analysis incorporates both the presence of a line-of-sight path between the source and destination and a non-linear energy-harvesting model. In order to assess the influence of phase error and interference on the considered system, closed-form and

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27

Welch, Stephen R., Natasha L. Tilston, Michael K. Lo, et al. "Inhibition of Nipah Virus by Defective Interfering Particles." Journal of Infectious Diseases 221, Supplement_4 (2020): S460—S470. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiz564.

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Abstract The error-prone nature of RNA-dependent RNA polymerases drives the diversity of RNA virus populations. Arising within this diversity is a subset of defective viral genomes that retain replication competency, termed defective interfering (DI) genomes. These defects are caused by aberrant viral polymerase reinitiation on the same viral RNA template (deletion DI species) or the nascent RNA strand (copyback DI species). DI genomes have previously been shown to alter the dynamics of a viral population by interfering with normal virus replication and/or by stimulating the innate immune resp

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Sarr, Ndéye Bineta, Olufemi J. Oyedapo, Basile L. Agba, François Gagnon, Hervé Boeglen, and Rodolphe Vauzelle. "Cooperative Closed-Loop Coded-MIMO Transmissions for Smart Grid Wireless Applications." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2019 (April 7, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4863823.

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Inherent interfering signals generated by the underlying elements found in power substations have been known to span over consecutive noise samples, resulting in bursty interfering noise samples. In the impulsive noise environments, we elaborate a space-sensitive technique using multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), which is particularly well suited in these usually very difficult situations. We assume the availability of channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter to achieve typical MIMO system gains in ad hoc mode. In this paper, we show that more than 10 dB gains are obtained with t

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Singh, S. Gurudas, and R. Arun Kumar. "DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF ENHANCED MEMORY RELIABILITY AGAINST MULTIPLE CELL UPSETS USING DMC." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 10, no. 3 (2019): 1620–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.61841/turcomat.v10i3.14579.

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Transient multiple cell upsets (MCUs) are beginning to seriously affect the reliability of memories when they are exposed to radiation settings. More complex error correction codes (ECCs) are often used to protect memory and prevent data corruption caused by MCUs; nevertheless, their primary drawback is an increase in delay overhead. Recently, matrix codes (MCs) based on Hamming codes have been proposed for memory protection. The two error correction codes and the fact that not all situations lead to an improvement in mistake correction skills are the main issues. This work proposes a revoluti

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Benoteau, Gael, and Andrew G. Reynolds. "Interfering Substances in the Colorimetric Quantitation of Grape Monoterpenes." HortScience 29, no. 11 (1994): 1335–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.11.1335.

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The potential for interference by specific C6 compounds in the colorimetric quantitation of grape (Vitis vinifera L.) monoterpenes was investigated in model solutions and muscat and neutral-flavored grape cultivars. The unsaturated C6 aldehyde 2-hexen-1-al (2HX) showed color absorption at 608 nm in distilled water after reaction with an acidified vanillin solution. Absorbance also increased significantly when 2HX was added to a series of linalool solutions; ≈2.5 mg 2HX per liter of a 1-mg·liter–1 linalool solution increased the absorbance by >10%. Adding 2.5 mg 2HX per kilogram of `Gewürzt

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Dong, Anming, Haixia Zhang, Dongfeng Yuan, and Xiaotian Zhou. "Interference Alignment Transceiver Design by Minimizing the Maximum Mean Square Error for MIMO Interfering Broadcast Channel." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 65, no. 8 (2016): 6024–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2015.2472463.

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Mo, Zeqiang, Jin Yu, Jinduo Wang, Jianguo He, Shoujun Dai, and Yang Liu. "Differential Measurement for Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy with Dynamic Allan Variance." Journal of Spectroscopy 2020 (April 14, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8398063.

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The method of dynamic Allan variance (DAVAR) is used to analyze the time-varying characteristics of a nonstationary signal and is thus incorporated to evaluate the random error in the cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) experiments. With the numerical simulation of the influence of instabilities of sudden, slow, or periodic changes on the measurement accuracy in the ring-down process, DAVAR is proved to be an effective way to evaluate random error characteristics in an interfering environment. In order to minimize influences of time-varying noises in CRDS, a practical differential measurement

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Majder-Łopatka, Małgorzata. "Effects of interfering gases in electrochemical sensors NH3 and NO2." MATEC Web of Conferences 247 (2018): 00023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201824700023.

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Electrochemical sensors used for toxic gas measurement. In this paper construction EC sensor and principle of operation has been described. The results of research on the influence of interfering gases on the readings of detectors containing ammonia and nitric oxide (IV) electrochemical sensors are presented. Span gases were used in the tests: 100 ppm CO, 25 ppm H2S, 25 ppm NH3, 10 ppm NO, 25 ppm NO2, 10 ppm Cl2, 10 ppm HCN, 10 ppm HCl, 2% vol. H2, 2.5% by volume CH4, 0.35% by volume of C5H12. The conducted research indicates that the presence of chlorine, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen cyanide,

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Uozumi, Jun, and Toshimitsu Asakura. "Estimation Errors of Component Spectra Estimated by Means of the Concentration-Spectrum Correlation: Part II." Applied Spectroscopy 43, no. 5 (1989): 855–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702894202300.

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Estimation errors accompanying component spectra calculated by means of the concentration-spectrum correlation method are investigated by theoretical analysis and computer simulations. Discussion is concentrated on a modified version of the method, which operates under the constraint that the sum of all the component concentrations in a sample is unity. In an agreement similar to that for the basic method, which was treated in an earlier paper [Appl. Spectrosc. 43, 74 (1989)], the estimation error consists of a superposition of other component spectra, each multiplied by a weighting factor. In

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González-López, Claudia, Armando Arias, Nonia Pariente, Gema Gómez-Mariano, and Esteban Domingo. "Preextinction Viral RNA Can Interfere with Infectivity." Journal of Virology 78, no. 7 (2004): 3319–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.78.7.3319-3324.2004.

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ABSTRACT When the error rate during the copying of genetic material exceeds a threshold value, the genetic information cannot be maintained. This concept is the basis of a new antiviral strategy termed lethal mutagenesis or virus entry into error catastrophe. Critical for its success is preventing survival of residual infectious virus or virus mutants that escape the transition into error catastrophe. Here we document that mutated, preextinction foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) RNA can interfere with and delay viral production up to 30 h when cotransfected in BHK-21 cells with standard RNA.

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Wang, Hao, Qing Chang, Yong Xu, and Xianxu Li. "Estimation of Interference Arrival Direction Based on a Novel Space-Time Conversion MUSIC Algorithm for GNSS Receivers." Sensors 19, no. 11 (2019): 2570. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19112570.

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In the estimation of the direction of arrival (DOA) for interference signals, the direction-finding error of the multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm will increase in the case of multiple interferences or when the interfering signal power is weak. In this paper, a space-time conversion MUSIC (STC-MUSIC) algorithm is proposed, and the concept of a focusing parameter is introduced to improve the performance of the DOA estimation. Meanwhile, a method of variable step size peak search is proposed to reduce the amount of calculation of the STC-MUSIC algorithm. The final simulation and e

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Xu, Dong, Jie Zhang, Hong Bo Li, Jin Song Lu, Qing Guo Fan, and Hai Long Dong. "Design of 3-D Functional Characteristic Parameters of Rolling Interface Measurement System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 420 (September 2013): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.420.56.

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The current two-dimensional (2-D) parameters for surface assessment (Ra and Pc) could not actually reflect functional properties of bearing and lubricant retention capabilities of steel sheets and rolls surface. Based on ARM9 development board, this paper has been working on secondary development of M1 mobile surface roughness meter, creating a model of calculating three-dimensional (3-D) functional characteristic parameters with 2-D profiles, and optimizing influence factors with Genetic Algorithms (GA). By comparing with measurement results by white-light interfering profile meter, the measu

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Determe, Jean-François, Sophia Azzagnuni, François Horlin, and Philippe De Doncker. "MAC Address Anonymization for Crowd Counting." Algorithms 15, no. 5 (2022): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a15050135.

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Research has shown that counting WiFi packets called probe requests (PRs) implicitly provides a proxy for the number of people in an area. In this paper, we discuss a crowd counting system involving WiFi sensors detecting PRs over the air, then extracting and anonymizing their media access control (MAC) addresses using a hash-based approach. This paper discusses an anonymization procedure and shows time-synchronization inaccuracies among sensors and hashing collision rates to be low enough to prevent anonymization from interfering with counting algorithms. In particular, we derive an approxima

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Ren, Huigang. "The Scope of Phonological Encoding Plans for Stutterers." Studies in Psychological Science 1, no. 1 (2023): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.56397/sps.2023.06.06.

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The picture-word interference paradigm was used to examine the scope of phonological encoding plans of stutterers using two indicators: naming latency and error rate. The experiment requires participants to generate sentences containing three image names in their spoken language, while visually presenting interfering words and manipulating their phonetic correlations. The results showed that stutterers only had a phonological facilitation effect on the first noun, and there was no phonological facilitation effect or lexical interference effect on the second and third nouns, indicating that the

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Brooks, Charles L., Franklyn Garry, and Margaret S. Swartout. "Effect of an interfering substance on determination of potassium by ion-specific potentiometry in animal urine." American Journal of Veterinary Research 49, no. 5 (1988): 710–14. https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1988.49.05.710.

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SUMMARY Analytical characteristics of photometry and ion-specific potentiometry for urine from sheep, horses, cows, dogs, and cats were determined, using solutions of sodium and potassium chloride. The performance of both methods were acceptable, but the ion-specific potentiometer (in the mode for urine analysis) was superior in terms of linearity of response and correlation between actual vs measured concentrations. Coefficients of variation of either method for repeated analyses of various concentrations of sodium and potassium were always < 2.5%. The measurement of sodium concentration i

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Yamaguchi, Yoshiaki. "Bit error rate and power penalty in MSK coherent optical communication systems with a single interfering echo." Electronics and Communications in Japan (Part I: Communications) 78, no. 3 (1995): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecja.4410780301.

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May, W., D. Wu, C. Eastman, P. Bourdoux, and G. Maberly. "Evaluation of automated urinary iodine methods: problems of interfering substances identified." Clinical Chemistry 36, no. 6 (1990): 865–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/36.6.865.

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Abstract We evaluated automated methods for measurement of urinary iodine (UI) over a range expected in iodine-replete and iodine-deficient populations. Results obtained with Technicon AutoAnalyzer II systems, based on either dialysis or acid digestion, were compared with those obtained by a manual alkaline ashing technique. Results of automated dialysis were consistently higher than those obtained by the other methods. The apparently higher concentrations of UI we measured were due to interfering substances crossing the dialysis membrane and participating in the catalytic reaction. Thiocyanat

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Wang, Yu, Feixiang Zan, Gang Guo, Tianwei Hao, Jing Wang, and Guanghao Chen. "A novel approach to quantifying elemental sulfur (S0) in environmental samples." Water Science and Technology 2017, no. 2 (2018): 467–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2018.169.

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Abstract The quantification of elemental sulfur (S0) is an important part of monitoring and controlling sulfur-involving processes. Existing methods of S0 detection either require significant time or involve the use of toxic chemicals. We have developed and validated a new method to determine S0 in environmental samples using calorimeter-ion chromatography (IC), in which S0 is fully oxidized to sulfur trioxide (SO3) with pure oxygen at 20 atm in a calorimeter. The resulting SO3 is then absorbed by a sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) solution and analyzed using IC. To verify this method, standard sam

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Tse, Poki, Jenifer Shafer, Samuel A. Bryan, Gilbert L. Nelson, and Amanda M. Lines. "Measuring Nd(III) Solution Concentration in the Presence of Interfering Er(III) and Cu(II) Ions: A Partial Least Squares Analysis of Ultraviolet–Visible Spectra." Applied Spectroscopy 76, no. 2 (2021): 173–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00037028211053852.

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Optical spectroscopy is a powerful characterization tool with applications ranging from fundamental studies to real-time process monitoring. However, it can be difficult to apply to complex samples that contain interfering analytes which are common in processing streams. Multivariate (chemometric) analysis has been examined for providing selectivity and accuracy to the analysis of optical spectra and expanding its potential applications. Here we will discuss chemometric modeling with an in-depth comparison to more simplistic analysis approaches and outline how chemometric modeling works while

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Tse, Poki, Jenifer Shafer, Samuel A. Bryan, Gilbert L. Nelson, and Amanda M. Lines. "Measuring Nd(III) Solution Concentration in the Presence of Interfering Er(III) and Cu(II) Ions: A Partial Least Squares Analysis of Ultraviolet–Visible Spectra." Applied Spectroscopy 76, no. 2 (2021): 173–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00037028211053852.

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Optical spectroscopy is a powerful characterization tool with applications ranging from fundamental studies to real-time process monitoring. However, it can be difficult to apply to complex samples that contain interfering analytes which are common in processing streams. Multivariate (chemometric) analysis has been examined for providing selectivity and accuracy to the analysis of optical spectra and expanding its potential applications. Here we will discuss chemometric modeling with an in-depth comparison to more simplistic analysis approaches and outline how chemometric modeling works while

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Moger, Julian, Philip Gribbon, Andreas Sewing, and C. Peter Winlove. "The Application of Fluorescence Lifetime Readouts in High-Throughput Screening." Journal of Biomolecular Screening 11, no. 7 (2006): 765–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087057106291541.

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Measurement of fluorescence lifetime is a well-established technique, which has recently been introduced into the portfolio of assay formats used in high-throughput screening (HTS). This investigation establishes appropriate conditions for using lifetime measurements to reduce the impact of compound interference effects during large-scale HTS of corporate screening files. Experimental data on mixtures of standard fluorophores and interfering compounds (from 5 HTS campaigns) have been combined with a theoretical model to identify the minimum data quality required, defined by the photon count in

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Poznakharev, E. S., V. V. Belov, M. V. Tarasenkov, A. V. Fedosov, and V. N. Abramochkin. "Communication based on scattered laser radiation in a medium with high turbidity or in the presence of a noise source." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2140, no. 1 (2021): 012009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2140/1/012009.

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Abstract The results of laboratory studies of an optical communication channel based on scattered radiation in the Big Aerosol Chamber of IAO SB RAS in a clean atmospheric environment, in the case of the chamber filled with vapor of the water-glycerin mixture, and in the presence of an noise laser source are analyzed. It is found that with the non-coplanar communication geometry in the chamber filled with the water-glycerin mixture, stable data transmission is possible with the azimuthal angle of orientation of the detector optical axis up to 5°. The error probability in the communication chan

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Wilson, J. T. Lindsay. "Interaction of Simultaneous Visual Events." Perception 16, no. 3 (1987): 375–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p160375.

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Five experiments are reported in which a perceptual interaction between simultaneous brief events was investigated. Subjects judged whether a briefly presented stimulus was flickering or not. Performance was much more error prone when a similar unattended stimulus was presented at a relatively remote position in the visual field, thus confirming previous findings. Interference was obtained for stimuli presented both peripherally and centrally in the visual field. The effect was not confined to large stimuli, but the larger the interfering stimulus the greater the effect it had. Events in the a

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S. Shirsat, A., S. A. Shirsat, and D. M. Yadav. "Performance of Bluetooth in Homogeneous Environment." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.36 (2018): 506. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.36.24127.

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Various wireless technologies use unlicensed ISM band in a frequency range 2.4GHz. Due to collocated, services causes mutual interference to one other; it degrades performance regarding Bit Error Rate (BER) and consequently throughput. The Bluetooth occupies less bandwidth and low power, gets more hampered as compare to other high bandwidth services is referred to as the heterogeneous environment. In this paper, an attempt is made to calculate the performance of basic rate Bluetooth in the presence of other Bluetooth devices in the close vicinity. The MATLAB based simulation results showed the

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Matsumoto, Yasushi, and Kaoru Gotoh. "Necessary conditions for estimating the maximum bit error probability by using amplitude probability distribution of an interfering noise." IEICE Communications Express 3, no. 8 (2014): 241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/comex.3.241.

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