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1

Jabbar, Muhammad Abdul. "CORRELATIONS OF POINT LOAD INDEX AND PULSE VELOCITY WITH THE UNIAXIAL COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH FOR ROCKS." Journal of Engineering 17, no. 04 (2011): 992–1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2011.04.25.

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Rock engineers widely use the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) of rocks in designingsurface and underground structures. The procedure for measuring this rock strength has beenstandardized by both the International Society for Rock Mechanics (ISRM) and American Societyfor Testing and Materials (ASTM), Akram and Bakar(2007).In this paper, an experimental study was performed to correlate of Point Load Index ( Is(50))and Pulse Wave Velocity (Vp) to the Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) of Rocks. The effectof several parameters was studied. Point load test, Unconfined Compressive Strength (U
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Martireni, Antonina Pri, Wira Cakrabuana, Koko Hermawan, et al. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF THE CONVERSION FORMULA FOR REBOUND NUMBER OF SCHMIDT HAMMER TEST AND UNCONFINED COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH TEST – CASE STUDY: ANDESITE ROCK SLOPE IN GRAHA PUSPA, LEMBANG FAULT." Rudarsko-geološko-naftni zbornik 39, no. 1 (2024): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17794/rgn.2024.1.5.

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The Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) test is one of the most common methods for determining the rock material strength value. However, the size and complexity of the instrument do not allow UCS testing to be carried out in the field. The UCS value can be estimated in the field by converting the rebound number using the Schmidt hammer test. This research aims to carry out a comparative analysis and evaluation of the conversion formula for rock compressive strength values resulting from the Schmidt hammer test and UCS test in a case study of andesite rock slopes at Graha Puspa, Lembang Faul
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3

Pan, Andrew, and Murray Grabinsky. "Mechanical Characterization of Cemented Paste Backfill." Eng 4, no. 1 (2023): 738–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/eng4010044.

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Mechanical characterization is important to the design and analysis of cemented paste backfill (CPB) structures. Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests have been widely used owing to their relative simplicity to characterize a material’s response to unconfined compressive loading. However, the UCS represents a single strength parameter and does not fully describe the material’s strength (or failure) envelope. In this study, we analyzed UCS tests with direct shear and uniaxial tensile strength tests conducted on the same CPB materials to provide mechanical characterization of CPB under a m
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Pochalard, Sakol, Chalermpon Wungsumpow, and Keeratikan Piriyakul. "Enhancement on compressive strength of Bangkok clay cement using novel high-strength polyethylene fibers." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1335, no. 1 (2024): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1335/1/012008.

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Abstract This study aims to investigate the effect of novel high-strength polyethylene fibers on the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) behavior of concrete produced with admixed Bangkok clay cement. Bangkok clay samples were prepared at a liquid limit of 88% and were added to ordinary Portland cement (OPC) at 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10% by weight; polyethylene fibers were also added at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5% by volume. These samples were cured for 7, 14, and 28 days and subjected to an unconfined compressive test. From the test results, the cement content of 8% by weight was the optimum, and a
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Zhu, Yan, Xiangjuan Yu, Lei Gao, Jiajia Chen, and Michael Dino Cotugno. "Unconfined Compressive Strength of Aqueous Polymer-Modified Saline Soil." International Journal of Polymer Science 2019 (November 5, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9137069.

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Saline soil is a special soil that consists of fine particles and has poor engineering properties. It causes salt heaving and is collapsible and corrosive. The treatment of this type of soil for the use as a resource for roadbed fillings has been one of the most important engineering topics in highway construction near coastal areas. This study introduces a new type of aqueous polymer, called ZM, which is used to amend and stabilize saline soil. To test the effects of ZM-solidified saline soil, unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests were carried out on unmodified and ZM-modified saline so
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6

Sianturi, Novdin Manoktong, Mohd Khairul Amri Kamarudin, Dermina Roni Santika Damanik, Virgo Erlando Purba, and Deardo Samuel Saragih. "The Mechanical Behavior of Soft Soil Stabilized with Lime and Volcanic Ash." MEDIA KOMUNIKASI TEKNIK SIPIL 28, no. 1 (2022): 118–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/mkts.v28i1.41963.

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The properties of soft clay can be seen from the compressive strength value through the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) test. Soft soil was less well used as the subgrade for construction. The aim is to determine the increase in the unconfined compressive strength and bearing capacity of the foundation due to the addition of lime and volcanic ash on soft soil. Soft soil has undrained shear strength < 25 kPa based on the unconfined compressive strength test. The unconfined compressive strength test has been conducted on the soil-lime mixture and soil-volcanic ash mixture of 3-12% respe
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7

Zukri, Azhani, and Nadiatul Adilah Ahmad Abdul Ghani. "A Study of Soil Stabilization by Hydrated Lime at Kampung Kedaik Asal, Rompin, Pahang, Malaysia." Applied Mechanics and Materials 695 (November 2014): 738–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.695.738.

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This study involves the clay sample which is taken from Kampung Kedaik Asal, Rompin site and evaluation of its properties in natural state and after stabilization. The main objectives of this paper is to estimate the optimum lime content (OLC) needed to stabilize the soil by using Eades-Grim pH Test, to determine the optimum moisture content (OMC) and maximum dry density (MDD) of the treated soil by Standard Proctor Test and also the strength value of the soil specimens with different percentages of lime content corresponding with different curing period by Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS
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8

Jiang, Ping, Yewen Chen, Lin Zhou, et al. "The Time Effect and Micromechanism of the Unconfined Compressive Strength of Cement Modified Slurries." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2021 (April 19, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5597275.

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This study investigated the unconfined compressive strength change law of cement modified slurries (CMS) under different curing ages. We conducted unconfined compressive strength tests using slurry and cement as raw materials. The cement contents were 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%. The curing ages were 7, 14, 28, 56, 90, 120, 150, and 180 d. A time effect model of CMS strength was established based on the measured UCS strength-curing age and the strength-cement content curves. The test results proved that the UCS of the CMS increased significantly with an increase in the curing age, and after 90
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9

Ma, Qiang, Junjie Chen, Wentao Li, and Nianze Wu. "Studying the Properties of Chromium-Contaminated Soil Solidified by Polyurethane." Polymers 15, no. 9 (2023): 2118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15092118.

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The solidification of chromium-contaminated soil using polyurethane (PU) was systematically investigated. The unconfined compression test was conducted to investigate the effects of the curing time, PU dosage and the content of chromium ions on the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of chromium-contaminated soil. The effect of the PU dosage on the pore structure was investigated using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the mechanism of strength change was revealed by combining the strength law with the pore structure development law. In addition, th
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10

Pande, Prashant, Jayant Raut, Rajesh Bhagat, and Boskey Bahoria. "Influence of Agro-Industrial Waste on Unconfined Compression Strength Parameters of Expansive Soil: An Experimental Investigation." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Mechanics 125, no. 1 (2024): 27–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/aram.125.1.2741.

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Expansive soils pose a significant challenge in construction due to their potential to cause structural damage through its swelling and shrinking characteristics. Simultaneously, the disposal of numerous industrial and agricultural wastes poses challenges that contribute to environmental ecosystem damage. This experimental study explores the effect of agro-industrial waste on the mechanical properties of expansive soil. Specifically, the impact of incorporating agro-industrial waste materials, such as bagasse ash, plastic strips, and coir fiber, is investigated through assessments of unconfine
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11

Linares-Unamunzaga, Alaitz, Heriberto Pérez-Acebo, Marta Rojo, and Hernán Gonzalo-Orden. "Flexural Strength Prediction Models for Soil–Cement from Unconfined Compressive Strength at Seven Days." Materials 12, no. 3 (2019): 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12030387.

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Soil–cement is an environmentally friendly road construction technique for base and subbase materials, which allows employing soils placed in the right-of-way of the road or in the surroundings, by improving its engineering properties. With this technique, it is possible to reduce the over-exploitation of quarries, the necessity of landfills and the pollutant gas emission due to the reduction of aggregate fabrication and transport. The manufacturing of soil–cement is generally controlled by means of the Uniaxial Compressive Strength (UCS) test at seven days, according to the regulations of eac
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12

Nursar, Achmad Satria, Iswan Iswan, and Setyanto Setyanto. "Komparasi Nilai Daya Dukung Tanah Lempung Ditinjau dari Hasil Uji Skala Penetrasi Konus Dinamis, Uji CBR Laboratorium dan Uji Kuat Tekan Bebas." Jurnal Rekayasa Sipil dan Desain 3, no. 2 (2016): 193–204. https://doi.org/10.23960/jrsdd.v3i2.451.

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Soil bearing capacity can be determined with several kind of test, that could produce different testresult for same sample in accordance to characteristics of test equipment and main targets of eachtest equipment in determining soil parameters. This research aimed to compare characteristics ofsoil bearing capacity that obtained from DCP (Dynamic Cone Penetrometer) test, LaboratoryCBR test, and UCS (Unconfined Compressive Strength) test.The soil sample which tested on this research was from Margakaya village and Palputih village,District of Jati Agung, South Lampung and Blimbing Sari village, D
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13

Feijoo Calle, Ernesto Patricio, and Bernardo Andrés Feijoo Guevara. "Characterization of the unconfined compressive strength test in rocks by fine granulometry." Minerva 1, no. 3 (2020): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.47460/minerva.v1i3.12.

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This work presents a proposal for the characterization of the UnconfinedCompressive Strength test (UCS), through a series of operations that can be carried outwithout inconvenience in the field. Initially, fresh rock samples are obtained from outcropsin the area and specimens of specific dimensions are made. After the test specimenelaboration phase, crushing and granulometric classification tests are carried out witha set of specimens and in parallel with a second group, UCS tests are carried out. With theresults, the rock is characterized by graphing granulometric curves and in this graph the
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14

Ismail, Amiruddin, Mojtaba Shojaei Baghini, Mohamed Rehan Karim, et al. "Laboratory Investigation on the Strength Characteristics of Cement-Treated Base." Applied Mechanics and Materials 507 (January 2014): 353–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.507.353.

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Cement-Treated Base (CTB) is a non-conventional method used in road bases materials to improve its engineering properties due to the hardening of cement when moisture is present and extends the period of curing times. This study investigates the effects of cement additive on properties of base layer using laboratory mechanistic evaluation of stabilized soil mixtures. Laboratory tests conducted were Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS), Indirect Tension test for Resilient Modulus (ITRM) and Flexure Strength (FS) tests. The results revealed that by adding Portland cement, the mechanical propert
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15

Saleh, Samaila, Nur Zurairahetty Mohd Yunus, Kamarudin Ahmad, and Nazri Ali. "Stabilization of Marine Clay Soil Using Polyurethane." MATEC Web of Conferences 250 (2018): 01004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201825001004.

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Many chemicals stabilisation techniques are being employed all over the world to improve the engineering and physical properties of the problematic soils and reduce the potential damages caused by them. Out of those chemical stabilisation technics, application of Polyurethane to improve the strength of marine clay was investigated in the laboratory. Characterization of the soil geotechnical properties was carried out by conducting laboratory test that includes natural moisture content, Atterberg limits, grains sizes analyses, specific gravity, moisture-density relationship, unconfined compress
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16

Yu, Jianlin, Zihao Mao, Jiajin Zhou, Zhongxiang Yu, Xiangwu Liu, and Xiaonan Gong. "Experimental Study on Engineering Properties of Cemented Soil with High Water Content." Applied Sciences 13, no. 2 (2023): 937. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13020937.

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A series of unconsolidated-undrained triaxial tests and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests for cemented soils with different curing times were carried out in this research. In total, three cemented soil mixtures with different cement contents were adopted in the tests, and the confining pressure was controlled in the range of 100–1600 kPa. The influence of curing time, cemented soil mixture ratio and confining pressure on the compressive and shear capacity of cemented soil was analyzed based on the test results. The test results indicate that the cement content and curing time both ha
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17

Muhiddin, Achmad Bakri, and Marthen M. Tangkeallo. "Correlation of Unconfined Compressive Strength and California Bearing Ratio in Laterite Soil Stabilization Using Varied Zeolite Content Activated by Waterglass." Materials Science Forum 998 (June 2020): 323–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.998.323.

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In remote areas, most roads still use pavements that are very sensitive to climate change, especially those using clay pavements with high plasticity. In addition to the issue of cost, the difficulty of obtaining a proper source of material is another problem that has led to soaring prices for materials. In this regard, a study was conducted using local materials, namely zeolite as a stabilizing material added with waterglass as activating agent. The research began with samples of laterite soil and natural zeolite for XRD test (microstructure testing), and then testing for laterite soil’s inde
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18

Teijón-López-Zuazo, E., Á. Vega-Zamanillo, M. Á. Calzada-Pérez, and L. Juli-Gándara. "Estimation of unconfined compressive strength of cement-stabilized jabre as material upgrade on highway construction." Materiales de Construcción 70, no. 338 (2020): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/mc.2020.09019.

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Granite rock has powerful alterations at several meters of depth. The clayed sand resulting is commonly known as jabre. This “in situ” mixture of cement-stabilized soil requires a laboratory formula. Even when the test section is correctly verified, the mechanical properties of the homogeneous mixture of jabre exhibit high degrees of dispersion. The laboratory work undertaken included particle-size analysis and screening, defini­tion of liquid and plastic limits, compressive strength, dry density and moisture content over stabilized samples, modified Proctor, California Bearing Ratio (CBR) and
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19

Nyebe, E. A., J. E. Sani, G. Moses, I. Ibrahim, and E. O. Ameh. "The effect of water pH on unconfined compressive strength of lime-treated clay soil for liner materials in waste containment facilities." Nigerian Journal of Technology 43, no. 2 (2024): 217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v43i2.3.

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Clay soil obtained from the Gwagwalada area of Abuja in the Northern part of Nigeria was obtained and used for this study to determine the suitability of water pH on soil strength for waste containment facilities such as landfills and surface impoundments. Water pH influences the strength and durability of soils employed in these facilities and the potential for chemical reactions that can damage containment barriers. An unconfined compressive strength test was conducted using British Standard Light (BSL) and British Standard Heavy (BSH) compaction at varying water pH (i.e., Acidic, Neutral, a
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Ying, Liangbo, Mengqi Xu, Jiale Luo, and Wei Wang. "Laboratory Investigation and Mechanical Evaluation on Xanthan Gum-Reinforced Clay: Unconfined Compression Test, Triaxial Shear Test, and Microstructure Characterization." Buildings 15, no. 14 (2025): 2438. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15142438.

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Xanthan gum (XG) has potential application prospects as a biopolymer in soil reinforcement engineering. However, there remains a lack of relevant research on its influence on the mechanical properties, microscopic mechanism, and pH value changes in clay. In this study, the effects of different XG dosages (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) on the microscopic mechanism, pH value, and mechanical strength of clay at the 7-day curing age were investigated through tests including Zeta potential, infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), pH value, unconfined compressive strength, and triaxi
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21

Qiu, Xinyi, Junjie Yang, Yalei Wu, Lijun Yan, and Qiang Liu. "Effect of Fiber Content on Mechanical Properties of Fiber-Reinforced CGF All-Solid-Waste Binder-Solidified Soil." Materials 17, no. 2 (2024): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17020388.

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In order to realize the resource utilization of solid waste and improve the tensile strength and toughness of soil, CCR-GGBS-FA all-solid-waste binder (CGF) composed of general industrial solid waste calcium carbide residue (CCR), ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and fly ash (FA) was used instead of cement and combined with polypropylene fiber to strengthen the silty soil taken from Dongying City, China. An unconfined compressive strength test (UCS test) and a uniaxial tensile test (UT test) were carried out on 10 groups of samples with five different fiber contents to uncover the e
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22

Ye, Jiahao, Ping Jiang, Lejie Chen, Xuhui Zhou, Fei Rao, and Xinyi Tang. "Strength and Deformation Characteristics of Fiber and Cement-Modified Waste Slurry." Polymers 15, no. 16 (2023): 3435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15163435.

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Using fiber and cement to modify waste slurry and apply it to roads is an effective way to recycle waste slurry. A new type of road material, fiber–cement-modified waste slurry (FRCS), was prepared in this study. The static and dynamic characteristics of the cement soil were studied using an unconfined compressive strength test and dynamic triaxial test. The results show that the optimum fiber content of FRCS is 0.75%. In the unconfined compressive strength test, under this fiber content, the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of the FRCS is the largest, and the elastic modulus and modulus
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23

Abhishek, Abhishek, R. K. Sharma, and Priyanka Shandil. "Stabilization of Soil by Using Construction & Demolition Waste, Calcium Carbide Residue, Molasses and Glass Fiber Reinforcement." Advanced Engineering Forum 54 (January 20, 2025): 57–75. https://doi.org/10.4028/p-uzdc3j.

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Soil stabilization is crucial for enhancing the engineering properties of soil and constructing durable infrastructure, such as highways, airports, and roadways. The study's constituents were previously employed separately, and the soil's strength improved when they were coupled with other ingredients. Experimental investigations were conducted to assess the effects of varying proportions of C&D waste, CCR, and molasses on key soil characteristics, including compaction, shear strength, and plasticity. A series of crucial tests, including Atterberg limits, compaction characteristics, differ
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P.K., Kolay, and Pui M.P. "Peat Stabilization using Gypsum and Fly Ash." Journal of Civil Engineering, Science and Technology 1, no. 2 (2010): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/jcest.75.2010.

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This paper presents the stabilization of local peat soil from Matang, Sarawak, using gypsum and fly ash. Peat soil has been identified as one of the major groups of soils found in Malaysia, which has high compressibility and low shear strength. Presence of soft or peaty soil is a major problem encountered by civil engineers in Sarawak. Different percentages of gypsum (i.e., 2, 4, 6 and 8%) and fly ash (i.e., 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%) were added into peat soil at optimum moisture content and it’s maximum dry density determined by standard Proctor test. Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) test we
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25

Zahoor, Aun, Muhammad Usman Azhar, Saif Ur Rehman, and Farrukh Rahim Shehzad. "A Comparison Between Schmidt Rebound Hammer Test and Point Load Index Test (IS50) for the Effectiveness in Estimating the Unconfined Compressive Strength of Intact Rock- A Case Study with respect to Limestone of Early Eocene Nammal Formation, Central Salt." International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology 10, no. 2 (2019): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.vol10.iss2.2019.283.

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In a bid to find some possible relation of Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) with relatively simplelaboratory tests like Point Load Test (PLT) and Schmidt Rebound Hammer Test (SRHT), some 50 core samples ofMiddle Eocene Nammal formation from Central Salt Range in Pakistan were collected and subjected to these testmethods as per respective test standards of International Society of Rock Mechanics (ISRM). The values of SRHT andPLT were separately compared to the respective values of UCS so as to find the linear relations. On the basis of the R2value of Regression Analysis, it has been found
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Zahoor, Aun, Muhammad Usman Azhar, Saif Ur Rehman, and Farrukh Rahim Shehzad. "A Comparison Between Schmidt Rebound Hammer Test and Point Load Index Test (IS50) for the Effectiveness in Estimating the Unconfined Compressive Strength of Intact Rock- A Case Study with respect to Limestone of Early Eocene Nammal Formation, Central Salt." International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology 10, no. 2 (2019): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.46660/ojs.v10i2.283.

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In a bid to find some possible relation of Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) with relatively simplelaboratory tests like Point Load Test (PLT) and Schmidt Rebound Hammer Test (SRHT), some 50 core samples ofMiddle Eocene Nammal formation from Central Salt Range in Pakistan were collected and subjected to these testmethods as per respective test standards of International Society of Rock Mechanics (ISRM). The values of SRHT andPLT were separately compared to the respective values of UCS so as to find the linear relations. On the basis of the R2value of Regression Analysis, it has been found
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27

Suhairiani, S., N. H. Panjaitan, and E. K. Sinaga. "Testing The Difference Value of Compressive Strenght for Distrub and Undistrub Soil in Sibolga Hill Landslide." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2908, no. 1 (2024): 012017. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2908/1/012017.

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Abstract One of the parts in soil parameters that can determine the shear strength of soil is the soil compressive strength value which is obtained from the Unconfined Compression Strength (UCS) test. The value of the shear strength of soil is half value of soil compressive strength. This research uses experiment method that is done in the laboratory, using distrub and undistrub soil sample models which originate from landslide in the area of Aek Parombunan, Pancuran gerobak and Angin Nauli Village of Sibolga. The results that want to be obtained in this research are seeing the differences gre
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28

Jia, Liang, Li Zhang, Jian Guo, et al. "Evaluation on Strength Properties of Lime–Slag Stabilized Loess as Pavement Base Material." Sustainability 11, no. 15 (2019): 4099. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11154099.

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This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of using lime–slag stabilized loess as base-course material by assessing its unconfined compressive strength (UCS). Loess stabilized with various mix ratios were compacted and cured to three, five, seven, and 28 days, respectively, for further strength tests. The effects of binder content, lime-to-slag (L/S) ratio, porosity, and curing time on the UCS of stabilized loess were addressed in detail. The test results show that UCS increases with the increase in binder content or curing time, and it gains strength rapidly within the first seven days o
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Chen, Guan Huan, and Jian Zhong Zhu. "An Experiment for Effects of Different Additives on Strength of Sediment Solidification." Applied Mechanics and Materials 357-360 (August 2013): 1235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.357-360.1235.

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The solidification method is a significant and resultful method for the disposal of dredged sediment. Solidified agents can be employed to improve the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of sediment solidification. In this work, considering of economy and practicability, three kinds of optimized compound additives are selected and investigated on the effects of UCS of sediment solidification. 7d., 14d.and 28d. solidification stadium were taken to test the UCS of samples. Results showed that the activator had the best effect on increasing the UCS. The comparative tests also indicated that add
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Suparman, Suparman, Aiun Hayatu Rabinah, Lilik Satriyadi, Sudarmono Sudarmono, and Warsiti Warsiti. "OPTIMALISASI ENZIM UREASE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KAPASITAS DUKUNG TANAH LUNAK." Wahana Teknik Sipil: Jurnal Pengembangan Teknik Sipil 29, no. 1 (2024): 194–204. https://doi.org/10.32497/wahanats.v29i1.5659.

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The main problems with soft clay soil are high water content, low soil mineral content, and high compressibility, so stabilization materials are needed that can increase the bearing capacity of soft soil. In this research, the urease enzyme was used as a catalyst to increase the bearing capacity of the soil. The material used is organic material, namely soybean powder. The stabilization materials used are urea (CHâ‚„Nâ‚‚O), calcium chloride (CaCl2), and soybean powder (urease enzyme), which will form a lime compound so that it functions as a catalyst for adhesive in stabilizing soft soil. This
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Yuan, Lujing, Gang Li, Jia Liu, Pengzhou Wang, Cong Liu, and Jinli Zhang. "Study on Mechanical Properties of Sandy Soil Solidified by Enzyme-Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation (EICP)." Buildings 14, no. 7 (2024): 1977. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14071977.

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Earth–rock dams are widely distributed in China and play an important role in flood control, water storage, water-level regulation, and water quality improvement. As an emerging seepage control and reinforcement technology in the past few years, enzyme (urease)-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (EICP) has the qualities of durability, environmental friendliness, and great economic efficiency. For EICP-solidified standard sand, this study analyzes the effect of dry density, amount of cementation, standing time, perfusion method, and other factors on the permeability and strength characteri
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Zhou, Yijun, and Yulong Chen. "Experimental Study on the Aeolian Sand Solidification via MICP Technique." Geofluids 2022 (May 11, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4858395.

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This study solidifies the aeolian sand by microbial-induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) technique. The effects of cementation solution with different concentrations, particle size, and grouting batches are examined via the bender element, unconfined compressive test, and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The bender element results show that the wave speed of loose aeolian sand is 200 m/s; however, after solidification of the aeolian sand, the speed of P-wave is about 450-600 m/s and S-wave is about 350-500 m/s. Additionally, the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) results indicate that
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Ngo, Huong Thi Thanh, Tuan Anh Pham, Huong Lan Thi Vu, and Loi Van Giap. "Application of Artificial Intelligence to Determined Unconfined Compressive Strength of Cement-Stabilized Soil in Vietnam." Applied Sciences 11, no. 4 (2021): 1949. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11041949.

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Cement stabilized soil is one of the commonly used as ground reinforcement solutions in geotechnical engineering. In this study, the main object was to apply three machine learning (ML) methods namely gradient boosting (GB), artificial neural network (ANN) and support vector machine (SVM) to predict unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of cement stabilized soil. Soil samples were collected at Hai Duong city, Vietnam. A total of 216 soil–cement samples were mixed in the laboratory and compressed to determine the UCS. This data set is divided into two parts of the training data set (80%) and te
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Benard Baya, Lameck, and Mwajuma Ibrahim Lingwanda. "Review of Correlations between Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) Values and Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP–DN) Values of Stabilized Soils." October-December 4, no. 4 (2023): 613–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.62277/mjrd2023v4i40034.

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This paper discussed test methods, test and sample types, types of stabilisers and soils, applications, and limitations of various developed relationships between UCS and DCP DN values. The review of correlations between unconfined Compression Strength (UCS) values and Dynamic Cone Penetration (DCP-DN) values of stabilised soils will provide guidance on the selection of suitable regression models from what is available in the literature to enable the estimation of UCS from DCP values. The DCP test was found to be economical, rapid, portable, easy to operate and understand, and the most versati
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Indriani, Lia, Slamet Riyadi, and Ahmad Zaki. "Prediction of Unconfined Compressive Strength in Stabilized Clay Soil Using Artificial Neural Networks." BIO Web of Conferences 144 (2024): 06002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202414406002.

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Expansive clay is a problematic type of soil because it has large shrinkage properties. One action that can be taken to improve problematic soil is to stabilize it with additives such as lime, cement, RHA, fly ash, and GGBS. The results of stabilization using additives like this can increase the strength value of clay soil. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) have been introduced in the geotechnical field to predict different soil properties. This research develops an artificial neural networks model to predict the Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) value of soil that has been stabilized, this
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Gupta, Gourav. "Investigational Study on the Influence of Polypropylene Fiber and Copper Slag in the Stabilization of Clayey Soil." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 06 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem49422.

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Abstract - The use of plastic items, including bottles made of polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP), has expanded dramatically in recent years, which could result in a number of environmental problems. Finding ways to handle these waste products without endangering the environment is crucial. Utilizing plastic waste as materials for soil stabilization is one of these techniques. Polypropylene Fiber (PP) has been used as a fiber in this investigation. Standard laboratory tests were conducted in order to assess the stabilization's impact. Among the tests were the California Bearing Ratio (CB
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Al-Zubaidy, Worood, and Mohammed Al-Jawad. "Prediction Unconfined Compressive Strength for Different Lithology Using Various Wireline Type and Core Data for Southern Iraqi Field." Journal of Engineering 29, no. 11 (2023): 109–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2023.11.07.

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Unconfined Compressive Strength is considered the most important parameter of rock strength properties affecting the rock failure criteria. Various research have developed rock strength for specific lithology to estimate high-accuracy value without a core. Previous analyses did not account for the formation's numerous lithologies and interbedded layers. The main aim of the present study is to select the suitable correlation to predict the UCS for hole depth of formation without separating the lithology. Furthermore, the second aim is to detect an adequate input parameter among set wireline to
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Simanjuntak, Meita, Putty Maura Amalia, Geni Firuliadhim, and Syahril Syahril. "Evaluation of Soil Stabilization from Marble Ash Powder and Asphalt Emulsion as Supporting Soil for Logistics Buildings." Potensi: Jurnal Sipil Politeknik 26, no. 2 (2025): 61–66. https://doi.org/10.35313/potensi.v26i2.6055.

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This research focuses on improving the bearing capacity of soil by applying soil stabilization methods. Specifically, this research explores the use of a mixture of marble powder ash and emulsified asphalt to improve soil physical properties and increase soil bearing capacity to support logistics buildings such as lime or rice storage warehouses. This research was conducted in Cililin area which has soft clay soil that is unsuitable for construction. Tests were conducted in the laboratory using various compositions of marble dust ash (0%; 2.5%; 5%; 7.5%; 10%) and 6% emulsified asphalt. The tes
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Wei, Jihong, Fanxuan Kong, Jin Liu, et al. "Effect of Sisal Fiber and Polyurethane Admixture on the Strength and Mechanical Behavior of Sand." Polymers 10, no. 10 (2018): 1121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10101121.

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One major problem related to sandy soil is its low shear strength and cohesion in engineering. Although much effort has been made to strengthen sand mass with satisfactory performances, most undertakings lack environmental considerations. Thus, a combination of natural fiber and macromolecule polymer material attempts to achieve both strength and eco-friendliness. In the present investigation, sisal fiber (SF) and water-based polyurethane (PU) were used to reinforce sand. A series of unconfined compression tests were carried out on sand specimens at different percentages of fiber contents (0.2
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Hu, Peng, Shufeng Chen, Zhao Duan, Nian-qin Wang, Ye Hao, and Xian Wang. "Effect of freeze-thaw cycles on mechanical performance of loess soil stabilized with nano magnesium oxide." PLOS One 20, no. 4 (2025): e0319909. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0319909.

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Construction in northwest China is generally packed with issues linked to loess soil with poor engineering properties and day-night and seasonal freeze-thaw (FT) actions. This study explored the potential benefits of nano-MgO (NM) as an innovative solution for improving mechanical properties of loess. To this end, a series of unconfined compression test (UCT) and nuclear magnetic resonance tests (NMRT) were conducted. Results showed that the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) exhibited an a “rise-fall” trend with the addition of NM. An optimum dosage of 2% NM is expected to bring about 71.9
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Anggraini, Vivi, Iskandar Isdaryanto, Muhammad Imran Mohamad Illiayas, and Emmanuella Stephanie. "Short-Time Effects on Compressive Strength of Residual Soils Due to Rainwater." Journal of Material Science and Technology Research 9, no. 1 (2022): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31875/2410-4701.2022.09.09.

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Abstract: The short-term effects of acid rain on the geotechnical properties of residual soil were investigated. Artificial acid rain (AAR) of pH values 2, 4 and 6 was created with an infiltration setup to replicate the interaction between acid rain and soil. The soil specimens were infiltrated with AAR for durations of 30mins and 60mins for each pH level of 2, 4 and 6 and a control sample using deionised water of pH 7.5. Unconfined compression test (UCS) and Atterberg limits test were performed on the treated samples to study the mechanical behaviour and the characteristics of the soil once c
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hussain, Tasadaq, and Anoop Sharma. "USE OF NANO SILICA AND NYLON FIBER TO STRENGTHEN THE ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF CLAYEY SOIL." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 07 (2024): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem36401.

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Expansive soil is one among the problematic soils that has a high potential for shrinking when it is dried and swelling due to change of moisture content. Expansive soils (clays) popularly known as black cotton soils in India. Due to alternate swell-shrink behavior of expansive soils causes, distress in the foundation structures such as buildings, pavements of earth retaining walls etc. Understanding the behavior of expansive soil and adopting the appropriate control measures have been great task for the geotechnical engineers. Extensive research is going on to find the solutions for black cot
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Zhou, Shengquan, Yongfei Zhang, Dawei Zhou, Weijian Wang, Dongwei Li, and Zhaibang Ke. "Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Fly Ash Stabilized with Cement." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (September 2, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6410246.

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Cement-fly ash mixture has been commonly used for the foundation treatment projects in the fly ash stratum, as it is effective in improving foundation bearing capacity and reducing settlement of stratum. In order to figure out the effect of dynamic and static load on the mechanical properties exhibited by the cement-fly ash and the reaction mechanism of cement-fly ash, a combination of the unconfined compressive test, impact test, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) method was adopted in this study to investigate the cement-fly ash test samples. As demonstrated by t
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Ding, Qian, Zheng Hu, Shuai Huang, Kezheng Chen, Yanjie Liu, and Lin Ding. "An Investigation of Non-Linear Strength Characteristics of Solidified Saline Soils in Cold Regions." Materials 15, no. 21 (2022): 7594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15217594.

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To date, the modelling of constitutive equations of solidified frozen saline soil have seldom been studied. This paper presented the formulation of a damage constitutive model for solidified saline frozen soil considering both freeze thaw cycles (FTCs) and salinities. To model the solidified frozen saline soil, the unconfined compression strength test (UCST) and consolidated undrained (CU) triaxial shear test were conducted under three ambient temperatures (20, –10, and –20 °C), five ages (3, 7, 14, 28, and 90 d), six salinities (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5%), and four FTCs (0, 5, 10, and 14 times) i
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Hilwane, Nur Amalina, Norazzlina M. Sa’don, and Abdul Razak Abdul Karim. "Effect of Waste Tire Reinforcement with and without Cement Additives on Peat Strength Improvement." Defect and Diffusion Forum 411 (September 8, 2021): 121–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.411.121.

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This paper presents the peat ground improvement techniques using waste-tire as a fibre reinforced material. In this study, two sizes of the waste-tire are chosen, which are 0.05 mm and 1-3 mm, respectively. The collected peat is classified as Sapric peat with the degree of decomposition of H7 based on von Post classification with high moisture content of 400% was recorded. The Sapric peat is treated with the waste-tire at designated percentages of 5%, 10% and 15% with the addition of 5% of cement acting as a binder. The untreated and treated peat without and with cement content are compacted a
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Saberian, M., J. Zhu, S. Kilmartin-Lynch, and J. Li. "Reusing COVID-19 personal protective equipment wastes for pavement base, subbase, and subgrade applications." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1332, no. 1 (2024): 012018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1332/1/012018.

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Abstract Since 2019, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has caused a substantial increase in personal protective equipment waste generation, resulting in significant environmental concerns. In addition, the expansive clay subgrade (ECS) must be stabilized prior to pavement construction because of its unfavorable engineering properties. The use of recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) in pavement bases/subbases offers a sustainable solution to decrease the demand for quarry materials and waste pile-up. However, RCA should be reinforced for base and subbase applications because of its low
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Eberemu, Adrian O., Joseph E. Edeh, and A. O. Gbolokun. "The Geotechnical Properties of Lateritic Soil Treated with Crushed Glass Cullet." Advanced Materials Research 824 (September 2013): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.824.21.

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Lateritic soil treated with up to 20% glass cullet content was subjected to grain-size distribution, consistency tests, specific gravity tests, compaction using standard proctor, California Bearing Ratio (CBR), unconfined compression test, direct shear test and permeability tests. The study showed increase in grain sizes resulting in coarser soil, changes in moisture-density relationship, resulting in lower Optimum Moisture Content (OMC) and higher Maximum Dry Density (MDD), an increase in CBR, an increase in unconfined compressive strength (UCS); changes in cohesion-frictional angle relations
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Mindiastiwi, Tigo, and Febri Anggara. "Unconfined Compressive Strength Testing on Expansive Clay Soils Stabilized with Cement and Lime." Rekayasa Sipil 18, no. 2 (2024): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.rekayasasipil.2024.018.02.9.

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Soil stabilization offers an alternative solution to overcome the problem of expansive clay soil characteristics. Unconfined compressive strength tests were conducted on original and expansive clay soils containing cement and lime to investigate the effectiveness percentage of two pozzolan materials. The amount of material stabilization with percentages 2, 4, 7, 10 % cement, and 5% lime for each sample was adopted. The dimensions of the cylindrical sample were 3’’ in height and 3/2’’ in diameter. The relative density was 80% for all samples and sheared at a strain rate of 1 %. The properties o
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Cao, W. H., X. F. Wang, D. S. Zhang, et al. "Workability and Compressive Strength Behavior of a Cemented High-Porosity Backfill Material." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (September 20, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7526616.

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A full understanding of the workability and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of the cemented high-porosity (CHPB) material, made of surface sand, widely distributed in the western mining area, foam, and cementing materials, is important for applying in ecologically fragile mining areas of western China. In this article, the influence of solid content, density grade, sand/binder ratio, and silica fume dosage in binder on workability and strength development of CHPB samples in different curing ages is studied. Test results show that the fresh CHPB mix has good workability, due to the existe
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Kocak, Salih, and Aneurin Grant. "Enhancing the Mechanical Properties of Polymer-Stabilized Rammed Earth Construction." Construction Materials 3, no. 4 (2023): 377–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/constrmater3040024.

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This paper investigates the viability of using a commercially available liquid polymer (LP) in lieu of ordinary cement to stabilize soil during rammed earth (RE) construction. The scope of this study includes modifying and testing the locally available natural soil with two different LPs at various percentages. Once the optimum moisture content (OMC) of the soil with LPs was determined using the Proctor test, test samples were prepared by chemical and mechanical stabilizations. Following the curing process in an unconfined open-air laboratory environment for 7 days, soil samples were tested to
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