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Статті в журналах з теми "Classification supervisée possibiliste":

1

Biondi, Riccardo, Nico Curti, Francesca Coppola, Enrico Giampieri, Giulio Vara, Michele Bartoletti, Arrigo Cattabriga, et al. "Classification Performance for COVID Patient Prognosis from Automatic AI Segmentation—A Single-Center Study." Applied Sciences 11, no. 12 (June 11, 2021): 5438. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11125438.

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Background: COVID assessment can be performed using the recently developed individual risk score (prediction of severe respiratory failure in hospitalized patients with SARS-COV2 infection, PREDI-CO score) based on High Resolution Computed Tomography. In this study, we evaluated the possibility of automatizing this estimation using semi-supervised AI-based Radiomics, leveraging the possibility of performing non-supervised segmentation of ground-glass areas. Methods: We collected 92 from patients treated in the IRCCS Sant’Orsola-Malpighi Policlinic and public databases; each lung was segmented using a pre-trained AI method; ground-glass opacity was identified using a novel, non-supervised approach; radiomic measurements were collected and used to predict clinically relevant scores, with particular focus on mortality and the PREDI-CO score. We compared the prediction obtained through different machine learning approaches. Results: All the methods obtained a well-balanced accuracy (70%) on the PREDI-CO score but did not obtain satisfying results on other clinical characteristics due to unbalance between the classes. Conclusions: Semi-supervised segmentation, implemented using a combination of non-supervised segmentation and feature extraction, seems to be a viable approach for patient stratification and could be leveraged to train more complex models. This would be useful in a high-demand situation similar to the current pandemic to support gold-standard segmentation for AI training.
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Madhu, Anjali, Anil Kumar, and Peng Jia. "Exploring Fuzzy Local Spatial Information Algorithms for Remote Sensing Image Classification." Remote Sensing 13, no. 20 (October 18, 2021): 4163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13204163.

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Fuzzy c-means (FCM) and possibilistic c-means (PCM) are two commonly used fuzzy clustering algorithms for extracting land use land cover (LULC) information from satellite images. However, these algorithms use only spectral or grey-level information of pixels for clustering and ignore their spatial correlation. Different variants of the FCM algorithm have emerged recently that utilize local spatial information in addition to spectral information for clustering. Such algorithms are seen to generate clustering outputs that are more enhanced than the classical spectral-based FCM algorithm. Nonetheless, the scope of integrating spatial contextual information with the conventional PCM algorithm, which has several advantages over the FCM algorithm for supervised classification, has not been explored much. This study proposed integrating local spatial information with the PCM algorithm using simpler but proven approaches from available FCM-based local spatial information algorithms. The three new PCM-based local spatial information algorithms: Possibilistic c-means with spatial constraints (PCM-S), possibilistic local information c-means (PLICM), and adaptive possibilistic local information c-means (ADPLICM) algorithms, were developed corresponding to the available fuzzy c-means with spatial constraints (FCM-S), fuzzy local information c-means (FLICM), and adaptive fuzzy local information c-means (ADFLICM) algorithms. Experiments were conducted to analyze and compare the FCM and PCM classifier variants for supervised LULC classifications in soft (fuzzy) mode. The quantitative assessment of the soft classification results from fuzzy error matrix (FERM) and root mean square error (RMSE) suggested that the new PCM-based local spatial information classifiers produced higher accuracies than the PCM, FCM, or its local spatial variants, in the presence of untrained classes and noise. The promising results from PCM-based local spatial information classifiers suggest that the PCM algorithm, which is known to be naturally robust to noise, when integrated with local spatial information, has the potential to result in more efficient classifiers capable of better handling ambiguities caused by spectral confusions in landscapes.
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Amiryousefi, Ali, Ville Kinnula, and Jing Tang. "Bayes in Wonderland! Predictive Supervised Classification Inference Hits Unpredictability." Mathematics 10, no. 5 (March 5, 2022): 828. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10050828.

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The marginal Bayesian predictive classifiers (mBpc), as opposed to the simultaneous Bayesian predictive classifiers (sBpc), handle each data separately and, hence, tacitly assume the independence of the observations. Due to saturation in learning of generative model parameters, the adverse effect of this false assumption on the accuracy of mBpc tends to wear out in the face of an increasing amount of training data, guaranteeing the convergence of these two classifiers under the de Finetti type of exchangeability. This result, however, is far from trivial for the sequences generated under Partition Exchangeability (PE), where even umpteen amount of training data does not rule out the possibility of an unobserved outcome (Wonderland!). We provide a computational scheme that allows the generation of the sequences under PE. Based on that, with controlled increase of the training data, we show the convergence of the sBpc and mBpc. This underlies the use of simpler yet computationally more efficient marginal classifiers instead of simultaneous. We also provide a parameter estimation of the generative model giving rise to the partition exchangeable sequence as well as a testing paradigm for the equality of this parameter across different samples. The package for Bayesian predictive supervised classifications, parameter estimation and hypothesis testing of the Ewens sampling formula generative model is deposited on CRAN as PEkit package.
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Singh, Abhishek, and Anil Kumar. "Introduction of Local Spatial Constraints and Local Similarity Estimation in Possibilistic c-Means Algorithm for Remotely Sensed Imagery." Journal of Modeling and Optimization 11, no. 1 (June 15, 2019): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.32732/jmo.2019.11.1.51.

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This paper presents a unique Possibilistic c-Means with constraints (PCM-S) with Adaptive Possibilistic Local Information c-Means (ADPLICM) in a supervised way by incorporating local information through local spatial constraints and local similarity measures in Possibilistic c-Means Algorithm. PCM-S with ADPLICM overcome the limitations of the known Possibilistic c-Means (PCM) and Possibilistic c-Means with constraints (PCM-S) algorithms. The major contribution of proposed algorithm to ensure the noise resistance in the presence of random salt & pepper noise. The effectiveness of proposed algorithm has been analysed on random “salt and pepper” noise added on original dataset and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) has been calculated between original dataset and noisy dataset. It has been observed that PCM-S with ADPLICM is effective in minimizing noise during supervised classification by introducing local convolution.
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Jankowski, Maciej. "Deep Generative Model with Supervised Latent Space for Text Classification." MATEC Web of Conferences 292 (2019): 03009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201929203009.

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Recent advances in applying deep neural networks to Bayesian Modelling, sparked resurgence of in- terest in Variational Methods. Notably, the main contribution in this area is Reparametrization Trick introduced in [1] and [2]. VAE model [1], is unsupervised and therefore its application to classification is not optimal. In this work, we research the possibility to extend the model to supervised case. We first start with the model known as Supervised Variational Autoencoder that is researched in the literature in various forms [3] and [4]. We then modify objective function in such a way, that latent space can be better fitted to multiclass problem. Finally, we introduce a new method that uses information about classes to modify latent space, so it even better reflects differences between classes. All of this, will use only two dimensions. We will show, that mainstream classifiers applied to such a space, achieve significantly better performance than if applied to original datasets and VAE generated data. We also show, how our novel approach can be used to calculate better classification score, and how it can be used to generate data for a given class.
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Adamiak, Krzysztof, Piotr Duch, and Krzysztof Ślot. "Object Classification Using Support Vector Machines with Kernel-based Data Preprocessing." Image Processing & Communications 21, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ipc-2016-0015.

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Abstract The paper explores possibility of improving Support Vector Machine-based classification performance by introducing an input data dimensionality reduction step. Feature extraction by means of two different kernel methods are considered: kernel Principal Component Analysis (kPCA) and Supervised kernel Principal Component Analysis. It is hypothesized that input domain transformation, aimed at emphasizing between-class differences, would facilitate classification problem. Experiments, performed on three different datasets show that one can benefit from the proposed approach, as it provides lower variability in classification performance at similar, high recognition rates.
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Jing-Yu, Chen, and Wang Ya-Jun. "Semi-Supervised Fake Reviews Detection based on AspamGAN." March 2022 4, no. 1 (March 30, 2022): 17–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.36548/jaicn.2022.1.002.

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With the popularization of social software and e-business in recent years, more and more consumers like to share their consumption experiences on social networks and refer to other consumers' reviews and opinions when making consumption decisions. Online reviews have become an essential part of browsing on websites such as shopping, and people's reliance on informative reviews have contributed to the rise of fake reviews. The traditional classification method is affected by the label dataset, which is not only time-consuming, laborious, and subjective, but also the extraction of artificial features also affects the classification accuracy. Due to the relative length of the online text, the possibility of the classifier losing important information increases, this weakens the model’s detection capability. To solve this aforementioned problem, a semi-supervised Generative Adversarial Network (AspamGAN) fake reviews detection method incorporating an attention mechanism is proposed. Using labeled and unlabeled data to correctly learn input distributions, the features required for classification are automatically discovered using deep neural networks, providing better prediction accuracy for online reviews. The approach includes attention mechanisms in the classifier to obtain an adequate semantic representation and relies on a limited dataset of labeled data to detect false reviews, and is applied on the TripAdvisor dataset. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms state-of-the-art semi-supervised fake review detection techniques when the label dataset is limited.
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Babushka, Andriy, Lyubov Babiy, Borys Chetverikov, and Andriy Sevruk. "GEODESY, CARTOGRAPHY AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY." GEODESY, CARTOGRAPHY AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY 94, 2021, no. 94 (December 28, 2021): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/istcgcap2021.94.035.

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Earth remote sensing and using the satellite images play an important role when monitoring the effects of forest fires and assessing damage. Applying different methods of multispectral space images processing, we can determine the risk of fire distribution, define hot spots and determine thermal parameters, mapping the damaged areas and assess the consequences of fire. The purpose of the work is the severity assessment connected with the post-fire period on the example of the forests in the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone. The tasks of the study are to define the area of burned zones using space images of different time which were obtained from the Sentinel-2 satellite applying the method of a normalized burn ratio (NBR) and method of supervised classification. Space images taken from the Sentinel-2 satellite before and after the fire were the input data for the study. Copernicus Open Access Hub service is a source of images and its spatial resolution is 10 m for visible and near infrared bands of images, and 20 m for medium infrared bands of images. We used method of Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR) and automatically calculated the area damaged with fire. Using this index we were able to identify areas of zones after active combustion. This index uses near and middle infrared bands for the calculations. In addition, a supervised classification was performed on the study area, and signature files were created for each class. According to the results of the classification, the areas of the territories damaged by the fire were also calculated. The scientific novelty relies upon the application of a method of using the normalized combustion coefficient (NBR) and supervised classification for space images obtained before and after the fire in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone. The practical significance lies in the fact that the studied methods of GIS technologies can be used to identify territories and calculate the areas of vegetation damaged by fires. These results can be used by local organizations, local governments and the Ministry of Emergency Situations to monitor the condition and to plan reforestation. The normalized burned ratio (NBR) gives possibility efficiently and operatively to define and calculate the area which were damaged by fires, that gives possibility operatively assess the consequences of such fires and estimate the damage. The normalized burned ratio allows to calculate the area of burned forest almost 2 times more accurately than the supervised classification. The calculation process itself also takes less time and does not require additional procedures (set of signatures). Supervised classification in this case gives worse accuracy, the process itself is longer, but allows to determine the area of several different classes.
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Mehta, Kushal, Arshita Jain, Jayalakshmi Mangalagiri, Sumeet Menon, Phuong Nguyen, and David R. Chapman. "Lung Nodule Classification Using Biomarkers, Volumetric Radiomics, and 3D CNNs." Journal of Digital Imaging 34, no. 3 (February 2, 2021): 647–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10278-020-00417-y.

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AbstractWe present a hybrid algorithm to estimate lung nodule malignancy that combines imaging biomarkers from Radiologist’s annotation with image classification of CT scans. Our algorithm employs a 3D Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) as well as a Random Forest in order to combine CT imagery with biomarker annotation and volumetric radiomic features. We analyze and compare the performance of the algorithm using only imagery, only biomarkers, combined imagery + biomarkers, combined imagery + volumetric radiomic features, and finally the combination of imagery + biomarkers + volumetric features in order to classify the suspicion level of nodule malignancy. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) Lung Image Database Consortium (LIDC) IDRI dataset is used to train and evaluate the classification task. We show that the incorporation of semi-supervised learning by means of K-Nearest-Neighbors (KNN) can increase the available training sample size of the LIDC-IDRI, thereby further improving the accuracy of malignancy estimation of most of the models tested although there is no significant improvement with the use of KNN semi-supervised learning if image classification with CNNs and volumetric features is combined with descriptive biomarkers. Unexpectedly, we also show that a model using image biomarkers alone is more accurate than one that combines biomarkers with volumetric radiomics, 3D CNNs, and semi-supervised learning. We discuss the possibility that this result may be influenced by cognitive bias in LIDC-IDRI because malignancy estimates were recorded by the same radiologist panel as biomarkers, as well as future work to incorporate pathology information over a subset of study participants.
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Angulo-Saucedo, Gilbert A., Jersson X. Leon-Medina, Wilman Alonso Pineda-Muñoz, Miguel Angel Torres-Arredondo, and Diego A. Tibaduiza. "Damage Classification Using Supervised Self-Organizing Maps in Structural Health Monitoring." Sensors 22, no. 4 (February 15, 2022): 1484. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22041484.

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Improvements in computing capacity have allowed computers today to execute increasingly complex tasks. One of the main benefits of these improvements is the possibility of developing machine learning algorithms, of which the fields of application are extensive and varied. However, an area in which this type of algorithms acquires an increasing relevance is structural health monitoring (SHM), where inspection strategies and guided wave-based approaches make the evaluation of the structural conditions of an aircraft, vessel or building among others possible, by detecting and classifying existing damages. The use of sensors, data acquisition systems (DAQ) and computation has also allowed these damage detection and classification tasks to be carried out automatically. Despite today’s advances, it is still necessary to continue with the development of more robust, reliable, and low-cost structural health monitoring systems. For this reason, this work contemplates three key points: (i) the configuration of a data acquisition system for signal gathering from an an active piezoelectric (PZT) sensor network; (ii) the development of a damage classification methodology based on signal processing techniques (normalization and PCA), from which the models that describe the structural conditions of the plate are built; and (iii) the use of machine learning algorithms, more specifically, three variants of the self-organizing maps called CPANN (counterpropagation artificial neural network), SKN (supervised Kohonen) and XYF (X–Y fused Kohonen). The data obtained allowed one to carry out an experimental validation of the damage classification methodology, to determine the presence of damages in two aluminum plates of different sizes, where masses were added to change the vibrational responses captured by the sensor network and a composite (CFRP) plate with real damages, such as delamination and cracks. This classification methodology allowed one to obtain excellent results by validating the usefulness of the SKN and XYF networks in damage classification tasks, showing overall accuracies of 73.75% and 72.5%, respectively, according to the cross-validation process. These percentages are higher than those obtained in comparison with other neural networks such as: kNN, discriminant analysis, classification trees, partial least square discriminant analysis, and backpropagation neural networks, when the cross-validation process was applied.

Дисертації з теми "Classification supervisée possibiliste":

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Ben, marzouka Wissal. "Traitement possibiliste d'images, application au recalage d'images." Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022IMTA0271.

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Dans ce travail, nous proposons un système de recalage géométrique possibiliste qui fusionne les connaissances sémantiques et les connaissances au niveau du gris des images à recaler. Les méthodes de recalage géométrique existantes se reposent sur une analyse des connaissances au niveau des capteurs lors de la détection des primitives ainsi que lors de la mise en correspondance. L'évaluation des résultats de ces méthodes de recalage géométrique présente des limites au niveau de la perfection de la précision causées par le nombre important de faux amers. L’idée principale de notre approche proposée est de transformer les deux images à recaler en un ensemble de projections issues des images originales (source et cible). Cet ensemble est composé des images nommées « cartes de possibilité », dont chaque carte comporte un seul contenu et présente une distribution possibiliste d’une classe sémantique des deux images originales. Le système de recalage géométrique basé sur la théorie de possibilités proposé présente deux contextes : un contexte supervisé et un contexte non supervisé. Pour le premier cas de figure nous proposons une méthode de classification supervisée basée sur la théorie des possibilités utilisant les modèles d'apprentissage. Pour le contexte non supervisé, nous proposons une méthode de clustering possibiliste utilisant la méthode FCM-multicentroide. Les deux méthodes proposées fournissent en résultat les ensembles de classes sémantiques des deux images à recaler. Nous créons par la suite, les bases de connaissances pour le système de recalage possibiliste proposé. Nous avons amélioré la qualité du recalage géométrique existant en termes de perfection de précision, de diminution du nombre de faux amers et d'optimisation de la complexité temporelle
In this work, we propose a possibilistic geometric registration system that merges the semantic knowledge and the gray level knowledge of the images to be registered. The existing geometric registration methods are based on an analysis of the knowledge at the level of the sensors during the detection of the primitives as well as during the matching. The evaluation of the results of these geometric registration methods has limits in terms of the perfection of the precision caused by the large number of outliers. The main idea of our proposed approach is to transform the two images to be registered into a set of projections from the original images (source and target). This set is composed of images called “possibility maps”, each map of which has a single content and presents a possibilistic distribution of a semantic class of the two original images. The proposed geometric registration system based on the possibility theory presents two contexts: a supervised context and an unsupervised context. For the first case, we propose a supervised classification method based on the theory of possibilities using learning models. For the unsupervised context, we propose a possibilistic clustering method using the FCM-multicentroid method. The two proposed methods provide as a result the sets of semantic classes of the two images to be registered. We then create the knowledge bases for the proposed possibilistic registration system. We have improved the quality of the existing geometric registration in terms of precision perfection, reductionin the number of false landmarks and optimization of time complexity

Частини книг з теми "Classification supervisée possibiliste":

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Guidolin, Massimo, and Manuela Pedio. "Sharpening the Accuracy of Credit Scoring Models with Machine Learning Algorithms." In Data Science for Economics and Finance, 89–115. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66891-4_5.

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AbstractThe big data revolution and recent advancements in computing power have increased the interest in credit scoring techniques based on artificial intelligence. This has found easy leverage in the fact that the accuracy of credit scoring models has a crucial impact on the profitability of lending institutions. In this chapter, we survey the most popular supervised credit scoring classification methods (and their combinations through ensemble methods) in an attempt to identify a superior classification technique in the light of the applied literature. There are at least three key insights that emerge from surveying the literature. First, as far as individual classifiers are concerned, linear classification methods often display a performance that is at least as good as that of machine learning methods. Second, ensemble methods tend to outperform individual classifiers. However, a dominant ensemble method cannot be easily identified in the empirical literature. Third, despite the possibility that machine learning techniques could fail to outperform linear classification methods when standard accuracy measures are considered, in the end they lead to significant cost savings compared to the financial implications of using different scoring models.
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"Classification Algorithms and Control-Flow Implementation." In Advances in Systems Analysis, Software Engineering, and High Performance Computing, 14–45. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8350-0.ch002.

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Supervised classification algorithms exploit many features that are tightly related to control-flow architecture. This reduces the possibility of applying these algorithms to dataflow architecture. This chapter makes an overview of some features characteristic to various classification algorithms that cannot be implemented on dataflow architecture. The chapter provides examples of applying various classification algorithms to three datasets with different types of material.
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Gharehbaghi, Arash, and Ankica Babic. "A-Test Method for Quantifying Structural Risk and Learning Capacity of Supervised Machine Learning Methods." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti210876.

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This paper presents an original method for studying the performance of the supervised Machine Learning (ML) methods, the A-Test method. The method offers the possibility of investigating the structural risk as well as the learning capacity of ML methods in a quantitating manner. A-Test provides a powerful validation method for the learning methods with small or medium size of the learning data, where overfitting is regarded as a common problem of learning. Such a condition can occur in many applications of bioinformatics and biomedical engineering in which access to a large dataset is a challengeable task. Performance of the A-Test method is explored by validation of two ML methods, using real datasets of heart sound signals. The datasets comprise of children cases with a normal heart condition as well as 4 pathological cases: aortic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, mitral regurgitation, and pulmonary stenosis. It is observed that the A-Test method provides further comprehensive and more realistic information about the performance of the classification methods as compared to the existing alternatives, the K-fold validation and repeated random sub-sampling.
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Salhi, Dhai Eddine, Abelkamel Tari, and Mohand Tahar Kechadi. "Using E-Reputation for Sentiment Analysis." In Research Anthology on Implementing Sentiment Analysis Across Multiple Disciplines, 1384–400. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-6303-1.ch071.

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In a competitive world, companies are looking to gain a positive reputation through these clients. Electronic reputation is part of this reputation mainly in social networks, where everyone is free to express their opinion. Sentiment analysis of the data collected in these networks is very necessary to identify and know the reputation of a companies. This paper focused on one type of data, Twits on Twitter, where the authors analyzed them for the company Djezzy (mobile operator in Algeria), to know their satisfaction. The study is divided into two parts: The first part was the pre-processing phase, where this research filtered the Twits (eliminate useless words, use the tokenization) to keep the necessary information for a better accuracy. The second part was the application of machine learning algorithms (SVM and logistic regression) for a supervised classification since the results are binary. The strong point of this study was the possibility to run the chosen algorithms on a cloud in order to save execution time; the solution also supports the three languages: Arabic, English, and French.
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Brezani, S., R. Hrasko, D. Vanco, J. Vojtas, and P. Vojtas. "Deep Learning for Knowledge Extraction from UAV Images1." In Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/faia210476.

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We study possibilities and ways to increase automation, efficiency, and digitization of industrial processes by integrating knowledge gained from UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) images with systems to support managerial decision-making. Here we present our results in the secondary wood processing industry. First, we present a deployed solution for repeated area and volume estimated calculations of wood stock areas from our UAV images in the customer’s warehouse. Processing with the commercial software we use is time-consuming and requires annotation by humans (each time aerial images are processed). Second, we present a partial solution where for computing areas of woodpiles, the only human activity is annotating training images for deep neural networks’ supervised learning (only once in a while). Third, we discuss a multicriterial evaluation of possible improvements concerning the precision, frequency, and processing time. The method uses UAVs to take images of woodpiles, deep neural networks for semantic segmentation, and an algorithm to improve results. (semantic segmentation as image classification at a pixel level). Our experiments compare several architectures, backbones, and hyperparameters on real-world data. To calculate also volumes, the feasibility of our approach and to verify it will function as envisioned is verified by a proof of concept. The exchange of knowledge with industrial processes is mediated by ontological comparison and translation of OWL into UML. Furthermore, it shows the possibility of establishing communication between knowledge extractors from images taken by UAVs and managerial decision systems.

Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Classification supervisée possibiliste":

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Mai, Dinh Sinh, and Long Thanh Ngo. "General Semi-supervised Possibilistic Fuzzy c-Means clustering for Land-cover Classification." In 2019 11th International Conference on Knowledge and Systems Engineering (KSE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/kse.2019.8919476.

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Pota, Marco, Massimo Esposito, and Giuseppe De Pietro. "Hybridization of possibility theory and supervised clustering to build DSSs for classification in medicine." In 2012 12th International Conference on Hybrid Intelligent Systems (HIS). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/his.2012.6421383.

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Mai, Dinh-Sinh, and Long Thanh Ngo. "Semi-supervised Method with Spatial Weights based Possibilistic Fuzzy c-Means Clustering for Land-cover Classification." In 2018 5th NAFOSTED Conference on Information and Computer Science (NICS). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nics.2018.8606801.

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Mai, Dinh-Sinh, Long Thanh Ngo, and Le-Hung Trinh. "Advanced Semi-Supervised Possibilistic Fuzzy C-means Clustering Using Spatial-Spectral Distance for Land-Cover Classification." In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/smc.2018.00739.

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Kheddam, Radja, and Aichouche Belhadj-Aissa. "Possibility theory for supervised classification of remotely sensed images: A study case in an urban area in Algeria." In 2014 6th International Conference of Soft Computing and Pattern Recognition (SoCPaR). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/socpar.2014.7007983.

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Sitjar Suñer, Josep. "Design and methodology for a remote sensing course." In Symposium on Space Educational Activities (SSAE). Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/conference-9788419184405.007.

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Remote sensing offers Geographic Information Systems specialists the possibility of integrating useful and powerful information into their analyses. As at least a basic knowledge of remote sensing principles and methodologies are desirable for anyone working in the geospatial industry, we include this competence as a mandatory subject in the curricula of our online master’s degree in GIS analysis. The topics of this remote sensing course have been selected based on our experience in the sector, but also with the support of tools like the body of knowledge developed by the GI2NK and EO4GEO projects. These applications can be very useful for anyone starting with the creation of new courses, as they take into consideration the recommendations of experts related to different sectors: from university to private companies, and also from the public sector. The course is fundamentally based on practical work, but since it is introductory and most of the students are not familiar with the principles of remote sensing, it is essential for them to start understanding basic concepts such as electromagnetic radiation, electromagnetic spectrum, spectral signature, bands, etc. After that, they are prepared to start searching the best images for a specific project, perform image enhancements and corrections, compute indices and apply supervised and unsupervised classifications. During the course, students are encouraged to use open-source software to develop the mandatory activities and the optional ones. Most of the tutorials are based on QuantumGIS and some of its main extensions to work with raster data and remote sensing images, but there are also tutorials based on GRASS Gis and SNAP. Nevertheless, students have total freedom to choose any available software (open-source or not) to perform the mandatory activities, and the tutor is open to resolving doubts about them. Finally, the module is designed to practice with Copernicus and Landsat images. The use of these free catalogues offers the possibility to analyse phenomena from all over the world without cost, and it empowers students to carry out their own projects more economically. Also, the historical series of Landsat Images is very useful to evaluate changes over long periods of time

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